WO2015127846A1 - 高速轴流泵 - Google Patents
高速轴流泵 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015127846A1 WO2015127846A1 PCT/CN2015/072107 CN2015072107W WO2015127846A1 WO 2015127846 A1 WO2015127846 A1 WO 2015127846A1 CN 2015072107 W CN2015072107 W CN 2015072107W WO 2015127846 A1 WO2015127846 A1 WO 2015127846A1
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- speed
- pump
- axial flow
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- 230000001360 synchronised Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011901 water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering processes Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 methods Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagrams Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 materials Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 102000010637 Aquaporins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010063290 Aquaporins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OXPKBLYMXWIJAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound data:image/svg+xml;base64,<?xml version='1.0' encoding='iso-8859-1'?>
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D3/00—Axial-flow pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
- F04D13/08—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven for submerged use
- F04D13/10—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven for submerged use adapted for use in mining bore holes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
- H02K21/16—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures having annular armature cores with salient poles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
- H02K7/09—Structural association with bearings with magnetic bearings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2205/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to casings, enclosures, supports
- H02K2205/03—Machines characterised by thrust bearings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/12—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof specially adapted for operating in liquid or gas
- H02K5/128—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof specially adapted for operating in liquid or gas using air-gap sleeves or air-gap discs
Abstract
一种高速轴流泵，泵体和驱动电机（5）成一体式结构，驱动电机（5）的电机轴（4）上安装有一个或以上的轴流式叶轮（1），驱动电机（5）为直流无刷高速永磁电机或高速永磁同步电机。该轴流泵体积小，流量大，达到同规格离心泵的扬程。
Description
本发明属于水泵技术领域，特指一种 高速轴流泵 。
常规的轴流泵的扬程很低，一般是同样直径叶轮的离心式泵的百分之十几，所以轴流泵无法在常规场合应用。
现有的轴流混流泵都是大型的，由大功率的三相异步电机作动力，由于电机构造的原因一般采用4极或6极或8 极电机，50Hz的电源的转速分别是1450转/、980转/分、730转/分，泵口径都是直径200mm以上的大功率泵，主要用于低扬程大流量的场合，如江河排灌、绿碱工业等。现有的轴流泵扬程低流量大，但泵效率比一般常用的离心式叶轮的泵高出很多。轴流泵应用范围不大的原因是体积大，扬程低，所以在一般工农业生活应用中比较少。
本发明提供 一种高速旋运转的轴流泵，用高速的直流无刷电机作动力， 体积重量比常规轴流泵小很多，又能够达到同规格离心式叶轮的一般离心泵的扬程，具有大流量，高效节能，体积小重量轻，智能化等优点的新型高速轴流泵。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：
高速轴流泵，包括泵体和驱动电机一体。所述驱动电机的电机轴上安装有一个以上的轴流式叶轮，所述驱动电机为直流无刷高速永磁电机或高速永磁同步电机。
所述 高速永磁同步电机的转子上装有永磁磁钢，永磁磁钢为表贴式或内置式。
优选地，所述 高速永磁同步电机的定子线圈结构为集中式或分布式。
优选地，所述 的 直流无刷 高速永磁或高速同步电机配有控制器 ， 所述控制器包括
输入及显示模块，用于流量及压力及其他信号检测输入和显示设定。
电源整流，其用于将市电经整流滤波成直流，为控制器提供电源；
DSP 数字信号处理器，其用于接收外界的输入信号，并对各输入及反馈的信号进行分析、比较和处理，并输出各种控制信号至功率驱动模块，使泵达到恒压恒流工作；
以及，功率驱动模块，其受控于 DSP 数字信号处理器，功率驱动模块用于驱动电机工作。
本发明相比现有技术，有以下突出且有益的技术效果是：
本发明是用直流无刷高速永磁电机或高速永磁同步电机制作的轴流泵，电机的轴上安装有一个或以上的轴流式叶轮，叶轮根据扬程要求采用单级或多级，一级叶轮的轴流式叶轮则成混流泵，二级以上的是轴流式水泵。高速轴流泵体积重量比常规井用潜水泵或卧式离心泵小很多，由于泵运转速度高，扬程则打破常规的轴流泵的很低的概念，达到同规格离心式叶轮的一般离心泵的扬程，是一种大流量，无堵塞，高效节能，体积小重量轻，智能化的新型轴流泵。
图1是本发明的结构简图。
图2是本发明以卧式使用时的示意图。
图3是本发明的 轴流式叶轮示意 图。
图4是本发明的控制器的原理框图。
图5是本发明的集中式绕组定转子示意图。
图6是本发明的分布式绕组定转子示意图。
图中：1- 轴流式叶轮；2-筒体；3-轴承；4-磁推力轴承；5-驱动电机；11- 定子；12- 转子；13- 磁钢；14- 电机轴 。
下面结合附图以具体实施例对本发明作进一步描述，参见图1-6：
高速轴流泵，包括泵体，泵体内设置有驱动电机 5 ，所述驱动电机的电机轴 14 上安装有一个以上的轴流式叶轮 1 ，所述驱动电机为直流无刷高速永磁电机或高速永磁同步电机。轴流式叶轮 1 通过电机轴带动旋转，并推动水流喷出。轴流式叶轮 1 采用不锈钢材料铸造或不锈钢冲压焊接而成，能适应大流量的特点；进、出水口和泵体口径基本相同。
优选地，所述 高速永磁同步电机的转子上装有永磁磁钢，永磁磁钢为表贴式或内置式。
优选地，所述 高速永磁同步电机的定子线圈结构为集中式或分布式。
驱动电机 5 的电机轴下端和轴承座之间设置有 磁推力轴承4，所述磁推力轴承包括永磁体 Ⅰ和 永磁体 Ⅱ， 永磁体 Ⅰ悬设在 永磁体 Ⅱ上方，且两者相对面的磁力相斥； 永磁体 Ⅰ固定在电机轴下端， 永磁体 Ⅱ固定在轴承座上。
集中式绕组定转子如图 5 所示，永磁无刷同步电机的定子 11 结构，电机的定子 11 槽数为 3 的倍数，电机轴 14 外有磁钢，电机的转子 12 表面贴磁钢 13 。磁钢采用钕铁硼磁钢或其他永磁体。为了磁钢的制作和使用方便，磁极数常取 4 、 6 、 8 极。分布式绕组线圈按正弦波分布，单链、交叉或叠式根据槽数或极数来决定，定子用的材料上用冷扎矽钢片，线圈按高速设计。
分布式绕组定转子如图 6 所示。
所述 的 直流无刷 高速永磁或高速同步电机配有控制器 ， 所述控制器包括
输入及显示模块，用于流量及压力及其他信号检测输入和显示设定；
电源整流，其用于将市电经整流滤波成直流，为控制器和电机提供电源；
DSP 数字信号处理器，其用于接收外界的输入信号，并对各输入及反馈的信号进行分析、比较和处理，并输出各种控制信号至功率驱动模块，使泵达到恒压恒流工作；
以及功率驱动模块，其受控于 DSP 数字信号处理器，功率驱动模块用于驱动电机工作。
输入及显示模块包括压力传感器、流量传感器，压力传感器、流量传感器可装在泵体的流道内或管道上；电源整流部分将市电（单相或三相）经整流滤波成直流；控制器写入高速轴流泵所要求的各种控制程序，轴流泵就实现智能化工作。电机的工作状态等由 DSP 数字信号处理器控制的功率模块驱动，功率驱动模块推动直流无刷电机，同时将电机工作时的相位、电压、电流等信号反馈至 DSP 数字信号处理器进行处理，再控制功率模块工作。在控制器面板上有多组显示窗，用来显示压力、转速以及当前工作状态下的电源电压和工作电流以及故障代码等，方便使用和维修。本控制器还可有功率因数校正等功能，保证本产品具备良好的功率因数。
电机控制技术采用高频注入法的永磁同步高速电机无传感器控制技术，摆脱了传统的基波信息检测、辨识的处理方式；通过数字处理电路准确跟踪到转子位置；这种控制方法实现的无位置传感器调速系统，比一般电流闭环、速度闭环控制要优越有效。无论运行在低速还是高速，这种自检测方法都能够很好地跟踪电机转子实际位置，获得很好的跟踪精度。再结合 DSP 数字控制电路对信号进行处理、辩识、跟踪控制功率输出等相关的电路，实现对无刷永磁高速同步电机的各种控制。驱动电机的控制方式还可以用其他原理的，如方波控制理论，正弦波控制策略，电流闭环法，速度电流双闭环控制，以及其他模糊控制理论、神经单元自控制，自适应技术控制等。
控制器能对压力信号比对控制，调节频率，使控制器对泵起到先恒压工作，对流量信号比对控制，使控制器起到恒流工作，以及多时间段工作等的各种工作模式，还可通过数字端口与互联网引入进行远程操作控制。
泵可以是立式的井用潜水泵，也可以是如图 2 所示的非潜水的卧式的泵。
常规的轴流泵的扬程很低，一般是同样直径的离心式泵的百分之十几，所以在常规应用的泵上无法采用轴流形式的泵。本发明采用的轴流泵转速是 7200 转 / 分左右的高速，这样高的转速下轴流一级叶轮的扬程与同规格的离心泵扬程相近，但流量比离心泵大了很多。离心泵的叶轮是水流从叶轮中心进入，经叶轮流道离心力出去，到下一级叶轮时经 180 度转弯，这样一级一级叠加上去，多级的离心泵如深井泵，流水经每一级的叶轮都是这么一个 180 度的转弯，水道如多个'弓'字形，这样在水力转换上的效率就低。轴流泵的叶轮是轴向的，没有这么多的转弯，效率自然就高了。再加上用的电机是高速高效的直流无刷高速永磁电机或高速永磁同步电机，因此，这轴流泵就比常规离心式叶轮的泵效率高很多，泵体积重量比常规离心式泵少了很多 ( 体积同比减少 1/5 以上 ) 。也填补了低扬程大流量的高速离心泵的空白，实现小型潜水泵及离心泵的大流量，是大流量泵应用的一个新的领域。
所述的高速无刷永磁同步电机包括直流无刷电机、永磁无刷电机，又由于永磁电机有恒转速的同步功能，又称永磁无刷同步电机。
本发明的轴流泵与现有采用交流异步电机的轴流泵相比，无论从体积重量、效率还是应用场合都发生了根本的变化，它可以应用于各种场合；与采用离心式叶轮的潜水泵及卧式离心泵相比，它是一种高效率大流量的新型泵。是一种以前未曾见过的全新概念的泵。本发明的轴流泵由于采用高速无刷同步电机，具有节能高效、可智能化程序控制、体积小，重量轻等优点。
上述实施例仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并非依此限制本发明的保护范围，故：凡依本发明的结构、形状、原理所做的等效变化，均应涵盖于本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (1)
- 1、 高速轴流泵，包括泵体，泵体内设置有驱动电机，其特征在于，所述驱动电机的电机轴上安装有一个以上的轴流式叶轮，所述驱动电机为直流无刷高速永磁电机或高速永磁同步电机。2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的高速轴流泵 ，其特征在于，泵可以是潜水式使用或陆上卧式使用。3、 根据权利要求 1 所述的高速轴流泵 ，其特征在于，所述 高速永磁同步电机的转子上装有永磁磁钢，永磁磁钢为表贴式或内置式。4、 根据权利要求 1 所述的高速轴流泵 ，其特征在于，所述 高速永磁同步电机的定子线圈结构为集中式或分布式。5、 根据权利要求 1 所述的高速轴流泵 ，其特征在于，所述 的 直流无刷 高速永磁或高速同步电机配有控制器。
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| CN104389796B (zh) * | 2014-11-15 | 2017-02-22 | 合肥恒大江海泵业股份有限公司 | 一种两级叶轮内置式潜水轴流泵 |
| CN105736403A (zh) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-07-06 | 浙江创美机电有限公司 | 一种永磁同步电机浸水式潜水泵 |
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| CN1483939A (zh) * | 2003-08-06 | 2004-03-24 | 上海第二医科大学附属新华医院 | 一种可分离式轴流泵 |
| CN1488409A (zh) * | 2003-09-09 | 2004-04-14 | 张杰民 | 磁驱动的轴流式心脏辅助泵 |
| CN101041091A (zh) * | 2007-04-25 | 2007-09-26 | 上海大学 | 磁悬浮人工心脏泵 |
| CN103821727A (zh) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-05-28 | 浙江创美机电有限公司 | 高速轴流泵 |
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