WO2015109973A1 - 一种喷漆有机溶剂废气净化装置及溶剂回收方法 - Google Patents

一种喷漆有机溶剂废气净化装置及溶剂回收方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015109973A1
WO2015109973A1 PCT/CN2015/070903 CN2015070903W WO2015109973A1 WO 2015109973 A1 WO2015109973 A1 WO 2015109973A1 CN 2015070903 W CN2015070903 W CN 2015070903W WO 2015109973 A1 WO2015109973 A1 WO 2015109973A1
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Prior art keywords
paint
filter
organic solvent
water
exhaust gas
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PCT/CN2015/070903
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
傅太平
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泉州市天龙环境工程有限公司
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Publication of WO2015109973A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015109973A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B14/00—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material
    • B05B14/40—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material for use in spray booths
    • B05B14/49—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material for use in spray booths specially adapted for solvents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B14/00—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material
    • B05B14/40—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material for use in spray booths
    • B05B14/43—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material for use in spray booths by filtering the air charged with excess material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B14/00—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material
    • B05B14/40—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material for use in spray booths
    • B05B14/44—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material for use in spray booths using walls specially adapted for promoting separation of the excess material from the air, e.g. baffle plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B14/00—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material
    • B05B14/40—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material for use in spray booths
    • B05B14/45—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material for use in spray booths using cyclone separators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0258—Other waste gases from painting equipments or paint drying installations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D50/20—Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D45/00 and B01D46/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of paint organic solvent exhaust gas recovery, and more particularly relates to a device for purifying paint organic solvent exhaust gas and a method for solvent recovery.
  • Paint raw materials - the coating consists of non-volatiles and volatiles
  • non-volatiles include film-forming substances and auxiliary film-forming substances
  • volatiles refer to curing agents and thinners
  • diluents are used to reduce resin viscosity and improve process performance.
  • the added liquid substance with good miscibility with the resin, the curing agent is added to promote the rapid drying of the paint, increase the adhesion and the strength of the paint, and improve the chemical stability of the paint.
  • the paint exhaust gas is mainly composed of a mixture of volatile curing agent, diluent molecules and non-volatile paint mist molecules.
  • the paint mist particles are small, the viscosity is large, the surface of the activated carbon is easily adhered, and the pores of the activated carbon are blocked, the activated carbon is invalidated, and the purity of the product of the adsorption efficiency of the activated carbon is affected. Therefore, the paint mist must be removed before the activated carbon is adsorbed.
  • the Chinese Patent No.: CN201110311140.7 discloses a spray paint organic solvent exhaust gas recovery device, which comprises a paint mist removing device, a fan, a canister, a condenser and a water-oil separator which are sequentially connected, and the paint mist removing device comprises The gas collecting tank, the cyclone dust collector and the bag filter are temporarily connected to the organic solvent exhaust gas, and the gas collecting tank, the cyclone dust collector and the bag filter are connected in sequence, and the invention also discloses recycling by using the paint organic solvent exhaust gas recovery device.
  • the method of organic solvent comprises the steps of removing paint mist, adsorption, steam desorption, condensation and oil-water separation, but the device and method have high dust-containing rate and easy adhesion to activated carbon surface when organic waste gas enters the adsorption tank. And blocking the pores of the activated carbon, causing the activated carbon to fail, affecting the purity of the activated carbon adsorption efficiency of the product.
  • the present invention provides an improved spray organic solvent exhaust gas purification device and a solvent recovery method, which improves the demisting efficiency, greatly reduces the dust content of the organic waste gas, and avoids premature failure of the activated carbon. , thereby reducing production costs.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
  • the invention relates to a paint organic solvent exhaust gas purifying device, which comprises a paper filter, a cyclone dust collector, a bag filter, a high pressure fan, a adsorption tank, a condenser and a gravity separator, characterized in that it further comprises a venturi mixer and a water mist dust remover;
  • the inlet pipe of the paper filter is connected to an organic solvent exhaust pipe from a paint booth, and the outlet pipe of the paper filter is connected to the inlet pipe of the cyclone; the outlet pipe of the cyclone is connected to the inlet pipe of the venturi mixer, venturi mixing
  • the outlet pipe of the bag is connected to the inlet pipe of the bag filter, the outlet pipe of the bag filter is connected to the inlet of the water filter, the outlet of the water filter is connected to the inlet of the high pressure fan, and the outlet of the high pressure fan is connected to the inlet of the at least one adsorption tank.
  • the adsorption tank is connected to the condenser, and the
  • the paper filter comprises a box body, wherein the box body is provided with a partition plate and a filter plate, wherein the box body is a horizontally arranged two sides in a square shape, and both ends have a tapered structure, and one end thereof is an inlet pipe. The other end is an outlet end, the filter plates are at least two rows, the filter plates are inserted vertically parallel along the axis of the box body, and an inner side of the filter plate of the inner layer forms an intake passage with the box body and the partition plate.
  • the air inlet passage communicates with the inlet pipe, and an outer air passage is formed between the outer wall of the outer filter plate and the casing and the partition plate, and the air outlet passage communicates with the outlet pipe.
  • the filter plate comprises a V-shaped filter paper, a metal frame and a support net, and each of the V-shaped filter papers is fixed on the metal frame, and the metal frame is fixed on the support net.
  • the bottom of the square box side plate is provided with two inlet holes for cleaning the paint powder.
  • the water filter is a square box body, and two sides of the box body are respectively provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the box body is provided with a partition in the middle of the vertical direction, the partition
  • the partition is divided into two parts, one side is a dust removal passage, the other side is a water removal passage, the dust removal passage is in communication with the air inlet, the water removal passage is communicated with the air outlet, and the partition is provided with a gap at the bottom of the box,
  • the dust removing passage communicates with the passing gap of the water removing passage, and the inner wall of the tank and the partition in the dust removing passage are respectively provided with a plurality of inclined plates, wherein the water removing passage is provided with a multi-layer mist eliminator, above the partition
  • There is a water storage tank and the water storage tank is provided with an overflow port, and the overflow port is connected with the dust removing passage, and the bottom of the tank body is provided with circulating water.
  • the bottom of the bag filter is provided with a discharge port.
  • the upper portion of the venturi mixer is provided with a feed port.
  • the adsorption tanks are adsorbed in parallel by two or more.
  • a solvent recovery method for a paint organic solvent exhaust gas purifying device comprising: the following steps:
  • the initially air-dried organic solvent exhaust gas is subjected to preliminary separation of the paint powder by a cyclone dust collector, and the paint mist which is not completely air-dried is again air-dried by the external and internal swirling action of the cyclone dust collector;
  • step B The paint mist which is air-dried again in the step B is mixed into the venturi mixer and the lime powder, and then the bag dust remover is used for high-efficiency paint mist removal;
  • the above-mentioned separated organic solvent exhaust gas is sent to the activated carbon adsorption tank by the high-pressure fan for adsorption, and the purified gas reaches the national discharge standard and is directly discharged from the exhaust port, and the activated carbon is saturated after being adsorbed for a period of time, and then desorbed and regenerated by the water vapor;
  • the desorbed organic solvent and steam gas are condensed into a liquid through a condenser;
  • the condensed mixed liquid is separated from the organic solvent and water by a gravity separator, and the organic solvent is recovered and used, and the wastewater is additionally treated.
  • the present invention includes a venturi mixer and a water mist dust collector; the inlet pipe of the paper filter is connected to an organic solvent exhaust pipe from a paint booth, and an outlet pipe of the paper filter is connected to an inlet pipe of the cyclone; a cyclone dust collector
  • the outlet pipe is connected to the inlet pipe of the venturi mixer, the venturi mixer outlet pipe is connected to the inlet pipe of the bag filter, the outlet pipe of the bag filter is connected to the inlet of the water filter, and the outlet of the water filter is connected to the high pressure fan.
  • the outlet of the high-pressure blower is connected to the inlet of at least one adsorption tank, the adsorption tank is connected with the condenser, and the condenser is connected with the gravity separator.
  • the utility model utilizes the characteristics of easy drying of the paint mist, and uses the paper filter and the cyclone to remove the paint mist. Air-dried, then use the venturi mixer to mix the lime powder and the paint mist into non-stick paint powder particles, and then remove the paint powder by the bag filter, and the remaining trace paint powder is removed by the water filter to obtain almost no dust. Organic solvent exhaust.
  • the box body of the utility model is a horizontally arranged two sides in a square shape, and the two ends have a tapered structure, one end of which is an inlet pipe, and the other end is an outlet end, and the filter plate is at least two.
  • the filter plate is inserted vertically parallel along the axis of the box body, an inner side of the filter plate of the inner layer forms an air inlet passage with the box body and the partition plate, and the air inlet channel communicates with the inlet pipe, the outer An outlet passage is formed between the outer wall of the filter plate and the tank and the partition, and the outlet passage communicates with the outlet pipe; the organic solvent exhaust gas from the paint booth enters the intake passage and passes through the long flow of the intake passage and the outlet passage The characteristics of the road make the sticky paint mist get a certain degree of air drying.
  • the paint-containing mist exhaust gas is filtered from the air inlet through the V-shaped filter paper through the intake passage to remove part of the paint mist, and the filtered exhaust gas is discharged from the air outlet through the air outlet passage.
  • the V-shaped filter paper is parallel to the axis of the filter, and is opposite. In the form of the filter paper perpendicular to the axis, the filtering area is larger and the pressure loss is small. At the same time, due to the horizontal structure, the solution reduces the height of the filter and is more convenient for maintenance and operation.
  • the filter plate comprises a V-shaped filter paper, a metal frame and a support net, and each of the V-shaped filter papers is fixed on the metal frame, the metal frame is fixed on the support net, and the purpose of the support net is to prevent the wind from being too large
  • the V-shaped filter paper is deformed and placed on the back side of the filter paper to support.
  • the bottom of the square box side plate is provided with two inlet holes for cleaning the paint powder, which is convenient for cleaning the paint powder.
  • the water-based dust remover of the present invention in the present invention removes a trace amount of paint mist in the organic waste gas containing the paint mist by using a water spray.
  • the circulating water at the bottom of the tank is pumped through a circulation pump (not shown).
  • the water tank overflows from the overflow port of the water storage tank of the dust removal passage and forms a water droplet along the curved shape of the multi-layer slanting plate, and the organic waste gas enters from the air inlet of the tank, and is trapped by the paint mist after being contacted with the water mist and the circulating water Falling into the bottom of the tank, organic waste gas enters the water removal channel from the bottom of the intermediate partition.
  • the organic waste gas When the organic waste gas is in contact with the water foam, a part of the water mist will be brought out in the exhaust gas. If it is not removed, the adsorption efficiency of the activated carbon in the next process will be affected. Therefore, the organic waste gas after the paint mist is removed by the water spray enters the water removal channel, and the multi-layer defogging The water in the exhaust gas is filtered out, and the organic waste gas is discharged from the air outlet of the tank to enter the organic waste gas adsorption process.
  • the upper portion of the venturi mixer of the present invention is provided with a feed port for injecting lime powder into the venturi mixer, and the lime powder and the paint mist are mixed into non-stick paint powder particles.
  • the bag filter is used to remove the paint powder efficiently; a discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the bag filter, and the mixture of lime powder and paint powder is discharged from the discharge product and sent to the dryer to dry until the weight percentage of water is below 1%. It is sent to the crusher for crushing, and the crushing particle size is 5 ⁇ 30 ⁇ m. The crushed mixed powder can be sent to the venturi mixer for recycling.
  • the solvent recovery method in the present invention is characterized in that the paint mist is solidified into solid paint powder in a short time, a paper filter is used to filter off part of the paint mist and a paper filter is used to provide a certain residence time to solidify the paint mist.
  • the viscous fine particles are made into a viscous lacquer powder, and then subjected to preliminary dust removal by a cyclone and the characteristics of the internal swirling gas by the cyclone dust collector are further solidified.
  • the lacquer mist which is not completely solidified in the gas collecting box becomes a viscous powder.
  • the granules and viscous paint mist are mixed in the venturi mixer and the lime powder to remove the viscosity of the paint mist and then enter the bag filter to filter out the paint powder.
  • the pure organic waste gas containing the trace paint powder is finally passed through the principle of water foam.
  • the paint powder is removed, and the water is removed by a gas water separator in the water filter to obtain an organic waste gas which is almost free of dust, and the organic waste gas which is free of dust is sent to the activated carbon adsorption tank for adsorption, and is desorbed by steam. After cooling, the oil-water separator is separated to obtain a pure organic solvent, and the process connection is reasonable and compact; the dust removal efficiency is high.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a device for spraying an organic solvent exhaust gas of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of the paper filter of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the water cleaner of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of a filter plate
  • 501-box 502-air inlet; 503-dust removal channel; 504-slant plate; 505-circulating water; 506-separator; 507-water removal channel; 508-defogger; 509-outlet; Water storage tank; 511 - overflow port.
  • a spray paint organic solvent exhaust gas purification device comprises a paper filter 1 , a cyclone dust collector 2 , a bag filter 4 , a high pressure fan 6 , and a suction (off) canister 7 , 8 .
  • the inlet pipe 11 of the paper filter 1 is connected to an organic solvent exhaust pipe from a paint booth, and the outlet pipe 14 of the paper filter is connected to a cyclone
  • the inlet pipe of the dust collector 2; the outlet pipe of the cyclone 2 is connected to the inlet pipe of the venturi mixer 3, the outlet pipe of the venturi mixer 3 is connected to the inlet pipe of the bag filter 4, and the outlet pipe of the bag filter 4 is connected with water and dust.
  • the air inlet 502 of the device 5, the air outlet 509 of the water dust collector 5 is connected to the inlet of the high pressure fan 6, and the outlet of the high pressure fan 6 is connected to the air inlet of at least one suction (can) suction tank 7 (or 8), sucking (off)
  • the canister 7 (or 8) is connected to the condenser 9, and the condenser 9 is connected to the gravity separator 10.
  • the paper filter 1 includes a box body, and a partition plate and a filter plate are disposed in the box body. Both ends of the box body have a tapered structure, one end of which is an inlet tube 11 and the other end is an outlet end 14 .
  • the filter plates are at least two rows, and an inner side of the filter plate of the inner layer forms an air inlet passage 12 with the tank body, the air inlet passage 12 is in communication with the inlet pipe 11, and the outer wall of the outer filter plate is An air outlet passage 13 is formed between the tanks, and the outlet passage 13 communicates with the outlet pipe 14;
  • the filter plate includes a V-shaped filter paper 15, a metal frame 16 and a support net 18 (shown in FIG. 4), and each of the V-shaped filter papers 15 is fixed to the metal frame 16, and the metal frame 16 is fixed on the support net. 18 on.
  • the organic solvent exhaust gas from the lacquering room enters the air inlet passage, it passes through the filtering of the multi-layer V-shaped filter paper 15 in the transverse direction, and then enters the cyclone dust collector through the air outlet passage 13, and the filter is partially filtered by using the multi-layer V-shaped filter paper.
  • the fog the second uses a paper filter to provide a certain residence time to solidify the viscous fine particles of the paint mist, into a viscous paint powder.
  • Each of the rows of V-shaped filter paper 15 is fixed to the metal frame 16, and the metal frame 16 is fixed on the support net 18, and the V-shaped filter paper is effectively fixed to prevent it from collapsing and increasing the service life.
  • the upper part of the venturi mixer 3 is provided with a feed port 31 for injecting lime powder into the venturi mixer 3, and the lime powder and the paint mist are mixed into non-sticky paint powder particles, and then
  • the bag filter 4 is efficiently removed by the bag filter 4; a discharge port 41 is provided at the bottom of the bag filter 4, and the mixture of lime powder and paint powder is discharged from the discharge product 41 and sent to the dryer (not shown) After the dry weight to water content is less than 1%, it is sent to the crusher (not shown) for crushing.
  • the crushing particle size is 5 ⁇ 30 ⁇ m, and the crushed mixed powder can be sent to the venturi mixer for recycling.
  • the above-mentioned adsorption tanks 7, 8 are used in parallel for two or more adsorptions.
  • the water mist precipitator 5 is a square box body 501, and a partition plate 506 is inserted in the middle of the box body 501 in the vertical direction.
  • the partition plate 506 divides the box body into two parts, one side is a dust removing passage 503, and the other side is a dust removing passage 503.
  • the dust removal passage 503 communicates with the air inlet 502
  • the water removal passage 507 communicates with the air outlet 509
  • the dust removal passage 503 communicates with the bottom of the water removal passage 507 (ie, there is a gap between the partition 506 and the bottom of the tank).
  • the dust removal channel is connected to the water removal channel through a gap, and the dust removal channel 503 is provided with a plurality of slanting plates 504, and the water removal channel 507 is provided with a multi-layer demister 508.
  • the bottom of the tank 501 is provided with circulating water 505.
  • the upper part of the partition 506 is provided with a water storage tank 510.
  • the water storage tank 510 is provided with an overflow port 511, and the overflow port 511 is connected to the dust removing passage 503.
  • the water mist dust remover removes the trace paint mist in the organic waste gas containing the paint mist.
  • the circulating water at the bottom of the tank is driven into the water storage tank through a circulation pump (not shown), and the water is stored from the dust removal passage.
  • the overflow overflow of the water tank overflows and forms a water droplet along the curved shape of the multi-layer slanting plate.
  • the organic waste gas enters from the air inlet of the tank, and after being contacted with the water foam, the paint mist is trapped and the circulating water falls into the bottom of the tank, and the organic waste gas is discharged from the tank.
  • the bottom of the intermediate partition enters the water removal channel.
  • the organic waste gas When the organic waste gas is in contact with the water foam, a part of the water mist will be brought out in the exhaust gas. If it is not removed, the adsorption efficiency of the activated carbon in the next process will be affected. Therefore, the organic waste gas after the paint mist is removed by the water spray enters the water removal channel, and the multi-layer defogging The water in the exhaust gas is filtered out, and the organic waste gas is discharged from the air outlet of the tank to enter the organic waste gas adsorption process.
  • the solvent recovery method using the above-mentioned paint organic solvent exhaust gas purifying device comprises the following steps:
  • the initially air-dried organic solvent exhaust gas is subjected to preliminary separation of the paint powder by a cyclone dust collector, and the paint mist which is not completely air-dried is again air-dried by the external and internal swirling action of the cyclone dust collector;
  • step B The paint mist which is air-dried again in the step B is mixed into the venturi mixer and the lime powder, and then the bag dust remover is used for high-efficiency paint mist removal;
  • the above-mentioned separated organic solvent exhaust gas is sent to the activated carbon adsorption tank by the high-pressure fan for adsorption, and the purified gas reaches the national discharge standard and is directly discharged from the exhaust port, and the activated carbon is saturated after being adsorbed for a period of time, and then desorbed and regenerated by the water vapor;
  • the desorbed organic solvent and steam gas are condensed into a liquid through a condenser;
  • the condensed mixed liquid is separated from the organic solvent and water by a gravity separator, and the organic solvent is recovered and used, and the wastewater is additionally treated.
  • a solvent recovery method for spraying organic solvent exhaust gas the organic solvent exhaust gas first filters out part of the paint mist through the paper filter 1 and uses the paper filter 1 to provide a certain residence time to solidify the viscous fine particles of the paint mist into a small viscous paint powder.
  • the paint mist which is not completely solidified in the paper filter 1 is further viscous, and the viscous paint mist is
  • the venturi mixer 3 and the lime powder are mixed to remove the viscosity of the paint mist, and then enter the bag filter 4 to filter off the paint powder.
  • the pure organic waste gas containing the trace paint powder is finally removed by the water filter principle using the water foam principle.
  • the water is removed from the water mist remover 5 through a mist eliminator to obtain an organic waste gas which is almost free of dust.
  • the dust-free organic waste gas is sent to the activated carbon adsorption tank 7-8 through the high-pressure centrifugal fan 6 for adsorption, and is desorbed by steam, and the desorbed gas is condensed into a liquid through the condenser 9, and then separated into the oil-water separator 10 to be pure.
  • Organic solvent
  • the bag filter 4 has a discharge port at the bottom, and the lime powder and the paint powder mixture are sent to a dryer (not shown) to be dried to a water content of less than 1% and then sent to the crusher (in the figure). It is not shown) crushing, the crushing particle size is 5 ⁇ 30 ⁇ m, and the crushed mixed powder can be sent to the venturi mixer 3 for recycling.
  • the process of the invention has reasonable and compact connection, high dust removal efficiency and good industrial applicability.

Abstract

一种喷漆有机溶剂废气净化的装置及溶剂回收的方法，其包括依次连接的纸过滤器(1)、旋风除尘器(2)、文丘里混合器(3)、布袋除尘器(4)、水沫除尘器(5)、高压风机(6)、吸附罐(7,8)、冷凝器(9)和比重分离器(10)，其方法采用纸过滤器(1)提供一定的停留时间凝固漆雾的粘性细颗粒成粘性小的漆粉，再经过旋风除尘器(2)进行初除尘和形成粘性小的粉状颗粒，粘性的漆雾在文丘里混合器(3)和石灰粉进行混合去掉漆雾的粘性后进入布袋除尘器(4)去过滤掉漆粉，含微量漆粉的有机废气最后经水沫除尘器(5)利用水沫原理除掉漆粉，送入吸附罐(7,8)进行吸附和脱附，经冷却后到分离得到纯净的有机溶剂，工艺衔接合理、紧凑；除尘效率高的特点。

Description

一种喷漆有机溶剂废气净化装置及溶剂回收方法 技术领域
本发明属于喷漆有机溶剂废气回收技术领域，更具体地说涉及喷漆有机溶剂废气净化的装置及溶剂回收的方法。
 背景技术
喷漆工艺广泛应用于机械、电气设备、家电、汽车、船舶、家具等行业。喷漆原料--涂料由不挥发份和挥发份组成，不挥发份包括成膜物质和辅助成膜物质，挥发份指固化剂和稀释剂，稀释剂是一种为了降低树脂粘度，改善其工艺性能而加入的与树脂混溶性良好的液体物质，加固化剂是促进油漆快速干燥、增加粘附性和漆面强度、提高油漆的化学稳定性。喷漆废气主要由挥发性的固化剂、稀释剂分子和不挥发的漆雾分子混合而成。由于漆雾颗粒微小、粘度大、易粘附活性炭表面和堵塞活性炭孔隙，使活性炭失效，影响活性炭的吸附效率产品回收的纯度。因此，活性炭吸附前必须把漆雾去除。
另有中国专利号为：CN201110311140.7公开了一种喷漆有机溶剂废气回收装置，包括依次连接的漆雾去除装置、风机、吸附罐、冷凝器以及油水分离器，所述漆雾去除装置包括用于暂存有机溶剂废气的集气罐、旋风除尘器以及布袋除尘器，所述集气罐、旋风除尘器以及布袋除尘器依次连接，本发明还公开了一种利用喷漆有机溶剂废气回收装置回收有机溶剂的方法，它依次包括去除漆雾、吸附、水蒸汽脱附、冷凝以及油水分离步骤，但是该装置和方法在有机废气进入吸附罐时，其含尘率较高，易粘附活性炭表面和堵塞活性炭孔隙，使活性炭失效，影响活性炭的吸附效率产品回收的纯度。
 技术问题
为了克服上述现有技术的缺陷，本发明提供了一种改进的喷漆有机溶剂废气净化的装置及溶剂回收的方法，提高除雾效率，大大降低了有机废气的含尘率，避免活性炭过早失效，从而降低了生产费用。
 技术解决方案
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种喷漆有机溶剂废气净化装置，包括纸过滤器、旋风除尘器、布袋除尘器、高压风机、吸附罐、冷凝器和比重分离器，其特征在于：还包括文丘里混合器和水沫除尘器；所述纸过滤器的进口管接来自漆房的有机溶剂废气管，纸过滤器的出口管接旋风除尘器的进口管；旋风除尘器的出口管接文丘里混合器的进口管，文丘里混合器出口管接布袋除尘器的进口管，布袋除尘器的出口管接水沫除尘器的进气口，水沫除尘器的出气口接高压风机的进口，高压风机的出口接至少一个吸附罐的进气口，吸附罐与冷凝器连接，冷凝器与比重分离器连接。
所述纸过滤器包括箱体，所述箱体内设有隔板和过滤板，所述箱体是一个横放的二边成四方形，且两端呈锥形结构，其一端为进口管，另一端为出口端，所述过滤板至少为两排，所述过滤板沿箱体轴线平行竖直插入，所述内层的过滤板的内侧与箱体和隔板之间形成进气通道，所述进气通道与进口管相通，所述外层过滤板的外壁与箱体和隔板之间形成出气通道，所述出气通道与出口管相通。
所述过滤板包括V形过滤纸、金属框架和支撑网，所述的每排V形过滤纸固定金属框架上，所述金属框架固定在支撑网上。
所述四方形箱体边板底部设有用于清扫漆粉的两个入孔。
所述的水沫除尘器是个四方形的箱体，所述箱体的两侧分别设有进气口和出气口，所述的箱体内部中间竖直方向设有一块隔板，所述隔板把箱体分隔成二部分，一边为除尘通道，另一边为除水沫通道，除尘通道与进气口相通，除水沫通道与出气口相通，所述隔板与箱体底部设有间隙，所述除尘通道与除水沫通道的通过间隙相通，所述除尘通道内的箱体内壁与隔板上分别设有多层斜板，所述除水沫通道内设多层除雾器，所述隔板上方有储水箱，储水箱上设有溢流口，所述溢流口与除尘通道相通，所述的箱体底部装有循环水。
所述的布袋除尘器底部设有一个出料口。
所述文丘里混合器的上部设有一个进料口。
所述的吸附罐为二个以上并联吸附。
喷漆有机溶剂废气净化装置的溶剂回收方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
A．喷漆有机气体经纸过滤器过滤掉部分小颗粒漆雾，并对漆雾进行初步风干；
B．初步风干的有机溶剂废气经旋风除尘器进行漆粉的初分离并利用旋风除尘器的外、内旋流作用把未完全风干的漆雾再次进行风干；
C．将B步骤中再次风干的漆雾进入文丘里混合器和石灰粉进行混合后经布袋除尘器进行高效率的漆雾去除；
D．含微量漆粉的有机溶剂废气经水沫除尘器最后去除，得到纯净度非常高的有机溶剂废气；
E．将以上分离后的有机溶剂废气由高压风机送入活性炭吸附罐进行吸附，净化气体达到国家排放标准直接从排气口排放，活性炭经一段时间吸附后达到饱和，再由水蒸汽进行脱附再生；
F．脱附后的有机溶剂和水蒸汽气体经冷凝器冷凝成为液体；
G．冷凝后的混合液体用比重分离器将有机溶剂和水分离，有机溶剂回收使用，废水另外处理。
 有益效果
本发明具有以下优点：
1、本发明中包括文丘里混合器和水沫除尘器；所述纸过滤器的进口管接来自漆房的有机溶剂废气管，纸过滤器的出口管接旋风除尘器的进口管；旋风除尘器的出口管接文丘里混合器的进口管，文丘里混合器出口管接布袋除尘器的进口管，布袋除尘器的出口管接水沫除尘器的进气口，水沫除尘器的出气口接高压风机进口，高压风机出口接至少一个吸附罐的进气口，吸附罐与冷凝器连接，冷凝器与比重分离器连接，其利用漆雾易风干的特点，利用纸过滤和旋风除尘器边清除漆雾边风干，接着利用文丘里混合器把石灰粉与漆雾混合成没粘性的漆粉颗粒，再经布袋除尘器高效去除漆粉，剩下微量漆粉采用水沫除尘器去除，得到几乎不含尘的有机溶剂废气。
2、本发明中本实用新型中的箱体是一个横放的二边成四方形，且两端呈锥形结构，其一端为进口管，另一端为出口端，所述过滤板至少为两排，所述过滤板沿箱体轴线平行竖直插入，所述内层的过滤板的内侧与箱体和隔板之间形成进气通道，所述进气通道与进口管相通，所述外层过滤板的外壁与箱体和隔板之间形成出气通道，所述出气通道与出口管相通；来自漆房的有机溶剂废气进入进气通道后，并通过进气通道和出气通道的长流道特点使带粘性的漆雾得到一定程度的风干。首先，含漆雾废气从进气口经进气通道经V形过滤纸过滤，去掉部分漆雾，过滤后的废气经出气通道从出气口排出，V形过滤纸与过滤器的轴线平行，相对于过滤纸垂直于轴线的形式，过滤面积更大，压力损失小。同时本方案由于采用卧式结构，降低过滤器的高度，具有维修和操作更加方便的特点。
所述过滤板包括V形过滤纸、金属框架和支撑网，所述的每排V形过滤纸固定金属框架上，所述金属框架固定在支撑网上，支撑网的目的是用于避免风力过大，使V形过滤纸产生变形，置于过滤纸背面起到支撑的作用。四方形箱体边板底部设有用于清扫漆粉的两个入孔，方便清扫漆粉。
3、本发明中的本方案的水沫除尘器是把含漆雾有机废气中的微量漆雾用水沫形式进行清除，首先，箱体底部循环水经循环泵（图中未画出）打入储水箱，水从靠除尘通道的储水箱溢流口溢出并沿多层斜板呈曲线形状形成水沫，有机废气从箱体进气口进入，经与水沫接触后被漆雾被截留并与循环水落入箱体底部，有机废气从中间隔板底部进入除水沫通道。有机废气与水沫接触后废气中会带出部分水雾，如没去除会使下工序的活性炭吸附效率受到影响，因此，被水沫除漆雾后的有机废气进入除水沫通道，经多层除雾器滤除废气中的水份，有机废气从箱体出气口排出，进入有机废气吸附工序。
4、本发明中所述文丘里混合器的上部设有一个进料口，该进料口用于向文丘里混合器内注入石灰粉，石灰粉与漆雾混合成没粘性的漆粉颗粒，再经布袋除尘器高效去除漆粉；在布袋除尘器底部设有一个出料口，石灰粉和漆粉混合物从出料品排出，并送到干燥器干燥到含水的重量百分比在1%以下后再送到破碎机进行破碎，破碎粒度在5~30μm，破碎后的混合粉可以送到文丘里混合器循环使用。
5、本发明中的溶剂回收方法，是根据漆雾在较短时间内凝固成固体漆粉的特点，采用纸过滤器过滤掉部分漆雾并利用纸过滤器提供一定的停留时间凝固漆雾的粘性细颗粒成粘性小的漆粉，再经过旋风除尘器进行初除尘和利用旋风除尘器外、内旋流气体的特性进一步凝固在集气箱中未完全凝固的漆雾成粘性小的粉状颗粒，粘性的漆雾在文丘里混合器和石灰粉进行混合去掉漆雾的粘性后进入布袋除尘器去过滤掉漆粉，较纯净的含微量漆粉的有机废气最后经水沫除尘器利用水沫原理除掉漆粉，并在水沫除尘器内经气水分离器去除水份，得到几乎不含尘的有机废气，不含尘的有机废气送入活性炭吸附罐进行吸附，并利用水蒸汽进行脱附，经冷却后到油水分离器分离得到纯净的有机溶剂，工艺衔接合理、紧凑；除尘效率高的特点。
 附图说明
图1是本发明喷漆有机溶剂废气的装置示意图；
图2是本发明纸过滤器的俯视图；
图3是本发明水沫除尘器结构示意图；
图4为过滤板的结构示意图；
图中标记：1-纸过滤器，2-旋风除尘器，3-文丘里混合器，31-进料口，4-布袋除尘器，41-出料口，5-水沫除尘器，6-高压风机；7、8-吸（脱）附罐；9-冷凝器；10-比重分离器。
11－进口管；12－进气通道；13－出气通道；14－出口管；15－V形过滤纸；16－金属框架；17－入孔；18－支撑网。
501－箱体；502－进气口；503－除尘通道；504－斜板；505－循环水；506－隔板；507－除水沫通道；508－除雾器；509－出气口；510－储水箱；511－溢流口。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
如图1、图2和图3所示，一种喷漆有机溶剂废气净化装置，包括纸过滤器1、旋风除尘器2、布袋除尘器4、高压风机6、吸（脱）附罐7、8、冷凝器9、比重分离器10、文丘里混合器3和水沫除尘器5；所述纸过滤器1的进口管11接来自漆房的有机溶剂废气管，纸过滤器的出口管14接旋风除尘器2的进口管；旋风除尘器2的出口管接文丘里混合器3的进口管，文丘里混合器3出口管接布袋除尘器4的进口管，布袋除尘器4的出口管接水沫除尘器5的进气口502，水沫除尘器5的出气口509接高压风机6的进口，高压风机6出口接至少一个吸（脱）附罐7（或8）的进气口，吸（脱）附罐7（或8）与冷凝器9连接，冷凝器9与比重分离器10连接。
所述的纸过滤器1包括箱体，所述箱体内设有隔板和过滤板，所述箱体的两端呈锥形结构，其一端为进口管11，另一端为出口端14，所述过滤板至少为两排，所述内层的过滤板的内侧与箱体之间形成进气通道12，所述进气通道12与进口管11相通，所述外层过滤板的外壁与箱体之间形成出气通道13，所述出气通道13与出口管14相通；
上述过滤板包括V形过滤纸15、金属框架16和支撑网18（如图4所示），所述的每排V形过滤纸15固定金属框架16上，所述金属框架16固定在支撑网18上。来自漆房的有机溶剂废气进入进气通道后，经横向穿过多层V形过滤纸15的过滤，再通过出气通道13进入旋风除尘器，其一采用多层V形过滤纸过滤掉部分漆雾，其二利用纸过滤器提供一定的停留时间凝固漆雾的粘性细颗粒，成粘性小的漆粉。所述的每排V形过滤纸15固定金属框架16上，所述金属框架16固定在支撑网18上，V形过滤纸得到有效固定，防止其坍塌，增加使用寿命。
所述文丘里混合器3的上部设有一个进料口31，该进料口31用于向文丘里混合器3内注入石灰粉，石灰粉与漆雾混合成没粘性的漆粉颗粒，再经布袋除尘器4高效去除漆粉；在布袋除尘器4的底部设有一个出料口41，石灰粉和漆粉混合物从出料品41排出，并送到干燥器（图中未画出）干燥到含水的重量百分比在1%以下后再送到破碎机（图中未画出）进行破碎，破碎粒度在5~30μm，破碎后的混合粉可以送到文丘里混合器循环使用。
上述的吸附罐7、8为二个以上并联吸附使用。
所述的水沫除尘器5是个四方形的箱体501，箱体501内部中间垂直方向插有一块隔板506，所述隔板506把箱体分隔成二部分，一边为除尘通道503，另一边为除水沫通道507，除尘通道503与进气口502相通，除水沫通道507与出气口509相通，所述除尘通道503与除水沫通道507的底部相通（即隔板506与箱底之间存在间隙，通过隙将接除尘通道与除水沫通道连通），所述除尘通道503内设有多层斜板504，所述除水沫通道507内设多层除雾器508。
所述的箱体501底部装有循环水505，隔板506上方设有储水箱510，储水箱510上设有溢流口511，所述溢流口511与除尘通道503相通。
水沫除尘器是把含漆雾有机废气中的微量漆雾用水沫形式进行清除，首先，箱体底部循环水经循环泵（图中未画出）打入储水箱，水从靠除尘通道的储水箱溢流口溢出并沿多层斜板呈曲线形状形成水沫，有机废气从箱体进气口进入，经与水沫接触后被漆雾被截留并与循环水落入箱体底部，有机废气从中间隔板底部进入除水沫通道。有机废气与水沫接触后废气中会带出部分水雾，如没去除会使下工序的活性炭吸附效率受到影响，因此，被水沫除漆雾后的有机废气进入除水沫通道，经多层除雾器滤除废气中的水份，有机废气从箱体出气口排出，进入有机废气吸附工序。
 本发明的实施方式
利用上述喷漆有机溶剂废气净化装置的溶剂回收方法，包括如下步骤：
A．喷漆有机气体经纸过滤器过滤掉部分小颗粒漆雾，并对漆雾进行初步风干；
B．初步风干的有机溶剂废气经旋风除尘器进行漆粉的初分离并利用旋风除尘器的外、内旋流作用把未完全风干的漆雾再次进行风干；
C．将B步骤中再次风干的漆雾进入文丘里混合器和石灰粉进行混合后经布袋除尘器进行高效率的漆雾去除；
D．含微量漆粉的有机溶剂废气经水沫除尘器最后去除，得到纯净度非常高的有机溶剂废气；
E．将以上分离后的有机溶剂废气由高压风机送入活性炭吸附罐进行吸附，净化气体达到国家排放标准直接从排气口排放，活性炭经一段时间吸附后达到饱和，再由水蒸汽进行脱附再生；
F．脱附后的有机溶剂和水蒸汽气体经冷凝器冷凝成为液体；
G．冷凝后的混合液体用比重分离器将有机溶剂和水分离，有机溶剂回收使用，废水另外处理。
一种喷漆有机溶剂废气的溶剂回收方法，有机溶剂废气先经过纸过滤器1过滤掉部分漆雾并利用纸过滤器1提供一定的停留时间凝固漆雾的粘性细颗粒成粘性小的漆粉，再经过旋风除尘器2进行初除尘和利用旋风除尘器2外、内旋流气体的特性进一步凝固在纸过滤器1中未完全凝固的漆雾成粘性小的粉状颗粒，粘性的漆雾在文丘里混合器3和石灰粉进行混合去掉漆雾的粘性后进入布袋除尘器4过滤掉漆粉，较纯净的含微量漆粉的有机废气最后经水沫除尘器5利用水沫原理除掉漆粉，并在水沫除尘器5内经除雾器去除水份，得到几乎不含尘的有机废气。不含尘的有机废气经高压离心风机6送入活性炭吸附罐7－8进行吸附，并利用水蒸汽进行脱附，脱附气体经冷凝器9冷凝成液体，后到油水分离器10分离得到纯净的有机溶剂。
所述的布袋除尘器4底部有一个出料口，石灰粉和漆粉混合物被送到干燥器（图中未画出）干燥到含水的重量百分比在1%以下后再送到破碎机（图中未画出）进行破碎，破碎粒度在5~30μm，破碎后的混合粉可以送到文丘里混合器3循环使用。
上述仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的设计构思并不局限于此，凡利用此构思对本发明进行非实质性的改动，均应属于侵犯本发明保护范围的行为。
 工业实用性
本发明工艺衔接合理、紧凑，除尘效率高，具备良好的工业实用性。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种喷漆有机溶剂废气净化装置，包括纸过滤器、旋风除尘器、布袋除尘器、高压风机、吸附罐、冷凝器和比重分离器，其特征在于：还包括文丘里混合器和水沫除尘器；所述纸过滤器的进口管接来自漆房的有机溶剂废气管，纸过滤器的出口管接旋风除尘器的进口管；旋风除尘器的出口管接文丘里混合器的进口管，文丘里混合器出口管接布袋除尘器的进口管，布袋除尘器的出口管接水沫除尘器的进气口，水沫除尘器的出气口接高压风机的进口，高压风机的出口接至少一个吸附罐的进气口，吸附罐与冷凝器连接，冷凝器与比重分离器连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的喷漆有机溶剂废气净化装置，其特征在于：所述纸过滤器包括箱体，所述箱体内设有隔板和过滤板，所述箱体是一个横放的二边成四方形，且两端呈锥形结构，其一端为进口管，另一端为出口端，所述过滤板至少为两排，所述过滤板沿箱体轴线平行竖直插入，所述内层的过滤板的内侧与箱体和隔板之间形成进气通道，所述进气通道与进口管相通，所述外层过滤板的外壁与箱体和隔板之间形成出气通道，所述出气通道与出口管相通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的喷漆有机溶剂废气净化装置，其特征在于：所述过滤板包括V形过滤纸、金属框架和支撑网，所述的每排V形过滤纸固定金属框架上，所述金属框架固定在支撑网上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的喷漆有机溶剂废气净化装置，其特征在于：所述四方形箱体边板底部设有用于清扫漆粉的两个入孔。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的喷漆有机溶剂废气净化装置，其特征在于：所述的水沫除尘器是个四方形的箱体，所述箱体的两侧分别设有进气口和出气口，所述的箱体内部中间竖直方向设有一块隔板，所述隔板把箱体分隔成二部分，一边为除尘通道，另一边为除水沫通道，除尘通道与进气口相通，除水沫通道与出气口相通，所述隔板与箱体底部设有间隙，所述除尘通道与除水沫通道的通过间隙相通，所述除尘通道内的箱体内壁与隔板上分别设有多层斜板，所述除水沫通道内设多层除雾器，所述隔板上方有储水箱，储水箱上设有溢流口，所述溢流口与除尘通道相通，所述的箱体底部装有循环水。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的喷漆有机溶剂废气净化装置，其特征在于：所述所述的布袋除尘器底部设有一个出料口。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的喷漆有机溶剂废气净化装置，其特征在于：所述文丘里混合器的上部设有一个进料口。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的喷漆有机溶剂废气净化装置，其特征在于：所述的吸附罐为二个以上并联吸附。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的喷漆有机溶剂废气净化装置的溶剂回收方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
    A．喷漆有机气体经纸过滤器过滤掉部分小颗粒漆雾，并对漆雾进行初步风干；
    B．初步风干的有机溶剂废气经旋风除尘器进行漆粉的初分离并利用旋风除尘器的外、内旋流作用把未完全风干的漆雾再次进行风干；
    C．将B步骤中再次风干的漆雾进入文丘里混合器和石灰粉进行混合后经布袋除尘器进行高效率的漆雾去除；
    D．含微量漆粉的有机溶剂废气经水沫除尘器最后去除，得到纯净度非常高的有机溶剂废气；
    E．将以上分离后的有机溶剂废气由高压风机送入活性炭吸附罐进行吸附，净化气体达到国家排放标准直接从排气口排放，活性炭经一段时间吸附后达到饱和，再由水蒸汽进行脱附再生；
    F．脱附后的有机溶剂和水蒸汽气体经冷凝器冷凝成为液体；
    G．冷凝后的混合液体用比重分离器将有机溶剂和水分离，有机溶剂回收使用，废水另外处理。
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