WO2015103924A1 - 混合动力车辆及其空调系统 - Google Patents
混合动力车辆及其空调系统 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015103924A1 WO2015103924A1 PCT/CN2014/094692 CN2014094692W WO2015103924A1 WO 2015103924 A1 WO2015103924 A1 WO 2015103924A1 CN 2014094692 W CN2014094692 W CN 2014094692W WO 2015103924 A1 WO2015103924 A1 WO 2015103924A1
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- auxiliary power
- heating device
- air conditioning
- engine
- conditioning system
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
- B60H1/004—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for vehicles having a combustion engine and electric drive means, e.g. hybrid electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00421—Driving arrangements for parts of a vehicle air-conditioning
- B60H1/00428—Driving arrangements for parts of a vehicle air-conditioning electric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H1/00885—Controlling the flow of heating or cooling liquid, e.g. valves or pumps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/03—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant and from a source other than the propulsion plant
- B60H1/034—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant and from a source other than the propulsion plant from the cooling liquid of the propulsion plant and from an electric heating device
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/46—Series type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
- B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
- B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/30—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of auxiliary equipment, e.g. air-conditioning compressors or oil pumps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
- B60W2710/30—Auxiliary equipments
- B60W2710/305—Auxiliary equipments target power to auxiliaries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
- B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2300/00—Purposes or special features of road vehicle drive control systems
- B60Y2300/43—Control of engines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2300/00—Purposes or special features of road vehicle drive control systems
- B60Y2300/51—Driving or powering of engine accessories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
- B60Y2400/87—Auxiliary drives
- B60Y2400/88—Air conditioners, e.g. compressor drives
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/88—Optimized components or subsystems, e.g. lighting, actively controlled glasses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
- Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
- Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
- Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
- Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
- Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
- Y10S903/93—Conjoint control of different elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to hybrid vehicles, particularly tandem hybrid vehicles and their air conditioning systems.
- the air conditioning system in the vehicle can adjust the air temperature inside the cabin, which has an important influence on the driving experience such as somatosensory comfort.
- the air conditioning system can generally include a refrigeration section and a heating section.
- one type of heating is the use of a water heating device that utilizes the residual heat of the vehicle's engine during operation to heat the air.
- a warm air core for heat exchange is usually provided in the cooling water circulation circuit of the engine to heat the air to be sent into the passenger compartment.
- Another method of heating is to use an electric heating device that uses electrical energy to generate heat and heat the air.
- water heaters especially when the vehicle is cold-started, it is necessary to run the engine for a long time before the cooling water can rise to a suitable working temperature. During this time, passengers may need to endure the cold. The unfavorable experience brought.
- a high-power electric heater of about 2kw such as a PTC heater
- PTC heater a high-power electric heater
- a mechanical compressor is typically used in the refrigeration section of an air conditioning system, which is typically driven directly by the engine of the vehicle.
- the engine is not always in operation.
- the engine typically only starts when the SOC value of the power battery reaches a low threshold or when the engine is forced to start due to power demand.
- the engine is often set to automatically stop or idle stop mode for energy savings. In the automatic stop mode, when the vehicle is idling, the engine can automatically stop running. After a certain period of time, the engine is automatically started.
- the present applicant has proposed a power system for a tandem hybrid vehicle in the Chinese Patent Application No. 20131046791, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
- the present invention achieves unexpected technical effects based on the powertrain of the tandem hybrid vehicle of the application.
- an air conditioning system for a hybrid vehicle for supplying a desired flow of hot air to a cabin of the hybrid vehicle.
- the air conditioning system includes:
- An electric heating device having an electric heating element for receiving electrical energy from a power supply circuit of the hybrid vehicle and converting it into thermal energy by the electric heating element to heat an air flow to be supplied into the vehicle compartment;
- a water heating device having a heat exchange element for receiving circulating cooling water from a cooling circuit of an engine of the hybrid vehicle, and transferring heat of the circulating cooling water to the supply to be supplied by the heat exchange element The air flow inside the compartment;
- a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature of the cooling water of the circulating cooling water
- An air conditioning controller configured to selectively turn the electric heating device on and off according to the temperature of the cooling water detected by the temperature sensor when the hot air flow is supplied to the car a water heating device; wherein the electric heating device is turned on and the water heating device is turned off if the cooling water temperature is lower than a predetermined temperature threshold, in a case where the cooling water temperature is higher than the predetermined temperature threshold The electric heating device is turned off and the water heating device is turned on.
- an air conditioning system for a series hybrid vehicle for selectively supplying a required hot air flow to a cabin of the series hybrid vehicle. Or a stream of cold air.
- the series hybrid vehicle includes a power system for driving a vehicle, the power system including:
- a main power unit consisting of a power battery and a traction motor
- each of the auxiliary power units independently receiving fuel from a fuel source, converting chemical energy in the fuel into electrical energy output to a common current bus; and each of the auxiliary power units includes a An engine that converts chemical energy in the fuel into mechanical energy and a generator that converts mechanical energy of the engine into electrical energy; and
- a power controller for controlling operation of an engine of each of the plurality of auxiliary power units according to a predetermined control strategy
- the air conditioning system includes:
- An electric heating device having an electric heating element for receiving electrical energy from a common current bus of the series hybrid vehicle and converting it into thermal energy by the electric heating element to heat a supply to be supplied to the vehicle compartment Air flow
- a water heating device having a heat exchange element for respectively receiving circulating cooling water from a corresponding plurality of cooling circuits of a corresponding plurality of engines of the plurality of auxiliary power units, and cooling the cycle by the heat exchange element The heat of the water is transferred to the flow of air to be supplied into the passenger compartment;
- a temperature sensor disposed on each of the cooling circuits for detecting a temperature of the cooling water of the circulating cooling water in the corresponding cooling circuit
- An air conditioning controller configured to selectively turn the electric heating device on and off according to the temperature of the cooling water detected by the temperature sensor when the hot air flow is supplied to the car a water heating device; wherein, in a case where at least a predetermined number of cooling circuits in the plurality of cooling circuits reach a predetermined temperature threshold, the water heating device is turned on and the electric heating device is turned off; Electric heating device.
- the plurality of cooling circuits are respectively provided with switching elements for selectively opening or closing water supply to the water heating device; the air conditioning controller is further configured to pass through the water heating device The switching element is controlled such that the water heating device receives only circulating cooling water from a cooling circuit corresponding to the temperature of the cooling water reaching the predetermined temperature threshold.
- the air conditioning controller is further configured to turn off the water heating device when the electric heating device is turned on.
- the predetermined number is one, or the predetermined number is about one third or about half of the total number of the plurality of cooling circuits.
- the air conditioning system further includes:
- each selected auxiliary power unit having a normal operating mode and a forced operating mode; in the normal operating mode, the power controller is based on the predetermined
- a control strategy selectively controls engine operation or shutdown of the selected auxiliary power unit, in which the power controller controls the engine of the selected auxiliary power unit to begin or continue to operate without allowing Downtime;
- a mechanical compressor for refrigeration which is mechanically coupled to and driven by an engine of the selected auxiliary power unit;
- the air conditioning controller is further configured to send an activation command to the power controller when the cold air flow needs to be provided to the car; wherein the power controller causes the activation command to be received
- the selected auxiliary power unit enters a forced mode of operation.
- the air conditioning controller is further configured to send a deactivation command to the power controller when the cold air flow is not required to be provided to the car; wherein the power controller receives the The selected auxiliary power unit is caused to enter the normal operating mode when the command is deactivated.
- the number of parts is one.
- a tandem hybrid vehicle including a power system for driving a vehicle and an air conditioning system for adjusting a cabin temperature;
- the power system includes:
- a main power unit consisting of a power battery and a traction motor
- each of the auxiliary power units independently receiving fuel from a fuel source, converting chemical energy in the fuel into electrical energy output to a common current bus; and each of the auxiliary power units includes a An engine that converts chemical energy in the fuel into mechanical energy and a generator that converts mechanical energy of the engine into electrical energy; and
- a power controller for controlling operation of an engine of each of the plurality of auxiliary power units according to a predetermined control strategy; wherein a portion of the plurality of auxiliary power units of the plurality of auxiliary power units have normal operation a mode and a forced mode of operation; in the normal mode of operation, the power controller selectively controls engine operation or shutdown of the selected auxiliary power unit in accordance with a predetermined control strategy, in the forced mode of operation, The power controller controls the engine of the selected auxiliary power unit to start running or continuously running without allowing the machine to stop;
- the air conditioning system includes:
- An air conditioning controller configured to transmit an activation command to the power controller when the mechanical compressor is in operation; wherein the power controller causes the selected auxiliary power unit upon receiving the activation command Enter the forced work mode.
- the air conditioning controller is further configured to send a disable command to the power controller when the mechanical compressor is not required to operate; wherein the power controller receives the disable command The selected auxiliary power unit is caused to enter the normal mode of operation.
- the number of parts is one.
- the heating part of the air conditioning system according to the present invention can quickly reduce the power consumption of the whole vehicle while satisfying the heat supply demand, thereby ensuring the cruising range of the vehicle and avoiding the deep power loss of the power battery, and protecting the power.
- the battery extends its life.
- the refrigerating portion of the air conditioning system according to the present invention can timely meet the cooling demand of the vehicle and at the same time achieve energy saving without increasing the cost.
- the air conditioning system according to the present invention is particularly suitable for a series hybrid vehicle having a plurality of auxiliary power units.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic conceptual diagram of a heating portion of an air conditioning system for a hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an air conditioning system applied to a series hybrid vehicle having a plurality of auxiliary power units, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
- the air conditioning system may include an air conditioning controller 110, an electric heating device 120, a water heating device 130, and a temperature sensor 140.
- the electric heating device 120 may have an electric heating element connected to a power supply circuit of the hybrid vehicle, by which electrical energy from the power supply circuit is converted into thermal energy for heating to be supplied to Air flow inside the cabin.
- the electrical heating element can be, for example, a PTC heating element or other type of electrical heating element known to those skilled in the art.
- the electrical heating device 120 can have a switching element 121 for controlling its operational state, which can be an electrical or electromagnetically controlled switch for opening or closing a power supply path to the electrical heating element.
- the water heating device 130 may receive circulating cooling water from a cooling circuit of an engine of the hybrid vehicle, the heat exchange element of which may be coupled to a cooling circuit of an engine of the hybrid vehicle.
- the heat exchange element can be, for example, a warm air core or other type of heat exchange element known to those skilled in the art.
- the water heating device 120 may have a switching element 131 for controlling its operating state.
- the switching element 131 may be a solenoid valve or other controlled valve disposed on a branch where the heat exchange element is located in the cooling circuit of the engine to selectively open or close the cooling circuit to the water heating device under the control of the air conditioning controller 110. 120 water supply.
- the temperature sensor 140 is configured to detect a cooling water temperature of the circulating cooling water in the cooling circuit of the engine, and may provide the detected cooling water temperature value to the air conditioning controller 110 so as to be the air conditioning controller 110 as described below. Control operations provide control parameters.
- the electric heating device 120 and the water heating device 130 described above may each have or have other means for sharing the flow of hot air provided to the passenger compartment, such as a blower or the like.
- the more detailed structure and arrangement of each of the electric heating device 120 and the water heating device 130 are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described herein.
- the air conditioning controller 110 may be based on the cooling water detected by the temperature sensor 140 when it is required to provide a hot air flow to the car according to the manual operation of the passenger (manual air conditioning) or based on the automatic judgment of the air temperature in the car (automatic air conditioning). At the temperature, the electric heating device 120 and/or the water heating device 130 are selectively turned on or off by the switching elements 121 and 131.
- the control strategy of the air conditioning controller 110 according to the present invention to the electric heating device 120 and the water heating device 130 in accordance with the cooling water temperature will be described in detail hereinafter.
- the air conditioning controller 110 when the cooling water temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature threshold, the air conditioning controller 110 turns on the electric heating device 120; and when the cooling water temperature is higher than the predetermined temperature threshold, the air conditioning controller 110 turns off the electric heating device 120 and turns on the water Heating device 130.
- the predetermined temperature threshold may be selected such that the water heating device 130 can independently satisfy the temperature of the cooling water when heating the cabin, for example, may be 80 degrees Celsius or other suitable temperature.
- the cooling water temperature is below a predetermined temperature threshold, it indicates The temperature of the circulating cooling water of the engine is also insufficient to enable the water heating device 130 to independently meet the heating demand. Therefore, by turning on the electric heating device 120 at this time, the advantage of the heating speed of the electric heating device 120 can be utilized to quickly meet the heat supply demand.
- the electric heating device 120 is turned off in time, and the water heating device 120 is turned on, and only the residual heat of the circulating cooling water is used to heat the air. This can immediately reduce the power consumption of the vehicle, which not only ensures the cruising range of the vehicle, but also avoids the deep loss of power of the power battery, protects the power battery and prolongs its service life.
- the air conditioning controller 110 may take various control strategies for the water heating device 130 when the cooling water temperature is below a predetermined temperature threshold.
- the water heating device 130 is turned off when the cooling water temperature is below a predetermined temperature threshold.
- the circulating cooling water of the engine may not dissipate heat through the water heating device 130, which helps the circulating cooling water of the engine to warm up to the predetermined temperature threshold more quickly, thereby shortening the working time of the electric heating device 120 and reducing Power consumption.
- the opening of the water heating device 130 can also be maintained while the cooling water temperature is below a predetermined temperature threshold.
- the electric heating device 120 and the water heating device 130 can be operated simultaneously, and the air is heated by simultaneously utilizing the electric energy and the residual heat in the circulating cooling water heating process. Although this can further speed up the heating of the air, it will prolong the heating time of the circulating cooling water, so that the electric heating device 120 needs to work longer.
- the air conditioning system shown in FIG. 1 and the above description of the air conditioning system only relate to the heating portion of the air conditioner, and the heating portion can be combined with any suitable air conditioning refrigeration portion existing in the prior art. Use together.
- the applicant has proposed a power system of a series hybrid vehicle in the Chinese Patent Application No. 201310467918.2, which employs a plurality of independently controllable auxiliary power units (APUs).
- APUs independently controllable auxiliary power units
- Such a solution greatly reduces the power requirements for each auxiliary power unit, making its power system suitable for use with alternative fuels of lower energy density than conventional gasoline or diesel, and is suitable for engines operating in auxiliary power units.
- the emission is effectively reduced, fuel economy is improved, and the powertrain of the series hybrid vehicle is compensated.
- the problem of relatively low energy conversion efficiency In the current application, the Applicant has found that an air conditioning system according to the present invention can have more significant advantages based on the powertrain of such a series hybrid vehicle.
- the series hybrid vehicle may have a main power unit composed of a power battery 30 and a traction motor 40.
- the power battery 30 is electrically connected to a common current bus and receives power from a common current bus for charging or discharging through a common current bus.
- Traction motor 40 is electrically coupled to a common current bus and receives electrical energy from a common current bus and converts it into mechanical power that is transmitted to the vehicle's driveline 50 to drive vehicle operation.
- the series hybrid vehicle may also have a plurality of auxiliary power units (APUs) 20.
- Each of the auxiliary power units 20 can independently receive fuel from the fuel source 10, converting chemical energy in the fuel into electrical energy output to a common current bus.
- the number of auxiliary power units 20 may be two or more, preferably three or more, and more preferably six or eight.
- the structure and performance characteristics of each auxiliary power unit 20 may be the same, and the rated power of the output may be selected according to the power demand of the entire vehicle and the number of auxiliary power units, generally 10-30 kW, preferably 20 kW.
- Each of the auxiliary power units 20 may include an engine that converts chemical energy in the fuel into mechanical energy and a generator that converts mechanical energy of the engine into electrical energy (not separately shown in FIG. 2).
- the power selection of the engine can be selected based on the power requirements of the respective auxiliary power unit 20.
- the auxiliary power unit 20 may have an energy conversion efficiency of about 80-88%, and if the auxiliary power unit 20 has a rated output power of 18 kW, a suitable engine may be selected among engines having a rated output power of about 21-23 kW.
- the fuel provided by the fuel source 10 may be selected from the group consisting of liquefied natural gas, compressed natural gas, synthetic oil, methanol, ethanol, esterified vegetable oil, and dimethyl ether, and more preferably liquefied natural gas.
- the power controller 61 can control the operation of the engine and generator and the power battery 30 and the traction motor 40 in each of the auxiliary power units 20 based on a predetermined control strategy.
- a predetermined control strategy In FIG. 2, for the sake of clarity of illustration, the connection relationship between the power controller 61 and each controlled unit is indicated by a chain line.
- the power controller 61 is preferably implemented by a vehicle controller (VCU) of a series hybrid vehicle.
- VCU vehicle controller
- one or some of the auxiliary power units 20 may be independently activated and/or shut down by the power controller 61, and the engine of each of the auxiliary power units 20 may be operated in an optimal working power range as much as possible. It closely follows the power requirements of the vehicle, and at the same time effectively compensates for the low energy density of the alternative fuel by reducing the fuel consumption per unit mileage.
- the powertrain of the tandem hybrid vehicle may also include other sensors, clutches, electrical converters, and other electrical and/or mechanical components, more details may be referenced.
- Chinese Patent Application No. 201310467918.2 which is incorporated herein in its entirety.
- the air conditioning system according to the present invention can be implemented in the powertrain of the tandem hybrid vehicle to selectively supply a desired flow of hot air or cold air into the cabin.
- An air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention may include an air conditioning controller 210, an electric heating device 220, and a water heating device 230.
- the electric heating device 220 and the water heating device 230 may be substantially the same as the electric heating device 120 and the water heating device 130 shown in FIG. 1, respectively.
- each auxiliary power unit 20 flowing through the water heating device 230 is indicated by a broken line with an arrow.
- the temperature sensor 140 and the switching elements 121 and 131 as shown in FIG. 1 are not shown in FIG.
- the temperature sensor 140 and the switching element 131 as shown in FIG. 1 can be respectively disposed in the engine cooling circuit of each auxiliary power unit 20 shown in FIG. 2, and are disposed at the electric heating device 220 of FIG. Switching element 121 shown in 1.
- the temperature sensor 140 can be used to detect the temperature of the circulating cooling water in the engine cooling circuit of the corresponding auxiliary power unit 20, and the switching element 131 can be selectively controlled by the air conditioning controller 210. Turning on or off the water supply to the water heating device 230 of the engine cooling circuit corresponding to the auxiliary power unit 20, and the switching element 121 can selectively open or close between the electric heating device 220 and the common current bus under the control of the air conditioning controller 210. Power supply circuit.
- the electric heating device 220 can be connected to and receive electrical energy from a common current bus of the series hybrid vehicle, and is electrically received by the electric heating device 220.
- the electrical heating element converts electrical energy into thermal energy to heat the flow of air to be supplied into the passenger compartment.
- the electrical heating element can be, for example, a PTC heating element or other type of electrical heating element known to those skilled in the art.
- the water heating device 230 in FIG. 2 is to receive circulating cooling water in a corresponding plurality of cooling circuits of a plurality of engines corresponding to the plurality of auxiliary power units 20, respectively, and The heat exchange element therein transfers heat of the circulating cooling water to the air flow to be supplied into the passenger compartment.
- a temperature sensor (not shown) provided on each cooling circuit can detect the cooling water temperature of the circulating cooling water in the corresponding cooling circuit, and can provide the detected cooling water temperature value to the air conditioning controller. 210, thereby providing control parameters for the control operation of the air conditioning controller 210 as described below.
- the air conditioning controller 210 can select by using the switching elements 121 and 131 as shown in FIG. 1 according to the cooling water temperature of each cooling circuit detected by the temperature sensor 140.
- the electric heating device 220 and/or the water heating device 230 are turned on or off.
- the water heating device 230 is turned on and the electric heating device 220 is turned off if the temperature of the cooling water in at least a predetermined number of cooling circuits in the plurality of cooling circuits reaches a predetermined temperature threshold, and the electric heating device 220 is turned on.
- the predetermined temperature threshold and the predetermined number may be set in accordance with whether the water heating device 230 can independently satisfy the requirement of heating the passenger compartment.
- the predetermined temperature threshold can be, for example, 80 degrees Celsius or other suitable temperature.
- the rated power of each auxiliary power unit 20 can be approximately a conventional series hybrid with the same power demand. 1/n of the rated power of a single auxiliary power unit in the vehicle, where n is the total number of auxiliary power units 20.
- the power of each auxiliary power unit 20 is small. It is conceivable that when there are more such as 6 or even 8 auxiliary power units 20 in the series hybrid vehicle, and only the temperature of the circulating cooling water in one cooling circuit reaches a predetermined temperature threshold of, for example, 80 degrees Celsius, The amount of heat that the circulating cooling water in the cooling circuit can provide may not be sufficient to meet the heating needs of the entire vehicle.
- the predetermined number of cooling circuits that reach a predetermined temperature threshold can be set to about one-third or about one-half of the total number of all cooling circuits, such an arrangement can be as economical as possible while achieving sufficient heating. Energy consumption. In fact, in the case where each engine of all auxiliary power units has substantially the same power, this is equivalent to engine cooling of the auxiliary power unit of about one-third or more than half of the total power of the engines of all the auxiliary power units. The temperature of the circulating cooling water in the circuit reaches a predetermined temperature threshold.
- the predetermined number when there are two or three auxiliary power units 20 in the series hybrid vehicle, the predetermined number may be one; when there are 4-6 auxiliary power units 20 in the series hybrid vehicle, the reservation The number can be two or three, preferably two; when the tandem hybrid vehicle When there are eight auxiliary power units 20 in the middle, the predetermined number is preferably three.
- the water heating device 230 is not enough to meet the heating demand independently, so that the electric heating device 220 is turned on, and the heating heating device 120 is utilized to quickly satisfy the heating demand.
- the water heating device 230 is sufficient to independently satisfy the heating demand, thereby turning on the water heating device 230 and turning off the electric heating device 220, and only using the residual heat of the circulating cooling water to heat the air. This can immediately reduce the power consumption of the vehicle, which not only ensures the cruising range of the vehicle, but also avoids the deep loss of power of the power battery, protects the power battery and prolongs its service life.
- the control modulator 210 preferably turns off the water heating device 230 when the electric heating device 220 is in operation or in an on state. At this time, the circulating cooling water of the engine of each auxiliary power unit 20 may not dissipate heat through the water heating device 230, which helps the circulating cooling water of the engine to warm up to the predetermined temperature threshold more quickly, so that the electric heating device 220 can be shortened. Working hours, reducing power consumption.
- the air conditioning controller 210 can turn off those cooling circuits whose cooling water temperature reaches a predetermined temperature threshold, for example, by controlling the switching element 131, and turn off those cooling circuits where the cooling water temperature does not reach the predetermined temperature threshold. This can cause the water heating device 230 to receive only the circulating cooling water from the cooling circuit corresponding to the cooling water temperature reaching the predetermined temperature threshold, so as to prevent the circulating cooling water having a low temperature in the remaining cold going circuits from adversely affecting the heating.
- the air conditioning system according to the present invention allows a part of the auxiliary power units of the plurality of auxiliary power units 20 to operate when the water heating device 230 is used to heat, while the other auxiliary power units can be shut down.
- the single engine usually has to be integrally located when using a water heating device for heating. Working status.
- the air conditioning system according to the present invention can save energy while meeting heating demand.
- the air conditioning system may also include a mechanical air conditioning compressor 250 for refrigeration.
- the air conditioner compressor 250 may be mechanically coupled to and driven by an engine of a selected one of the plurality of auxiliary power units 20.
- the selected auxiliary power unit 20' can have There are normal working mode and forced working mode.
- the power controller 61 selectively controls engine operation or shutdown of the selected auxiliary power unit 20' in accordance with a predetermined control strategy.
- the power controller 61 controls the engine of the selected auxiliary power unit 20' to begin or continue to operate without allowing shutdown.
- the air conditioner controller 210 may The power controller 61 sends an enable command.
- the power controller 61 upon receiving the activation command, causes the selected auxiliary power unit 20' to enter the forced mode of operation.
- the power controller 61 finds that the engine of the selected auxiliary power unit 20' is in the stop state when receiving the activation command, the engine of the selected auxiliary power unit 20' is forced to start running, and the air conditioner is compressed by the engine.
- Machine 250 operates.
- the power controller 61 finds that the engine of the selected auxiliary power unit 20' is already in the running state upon receiving the activation command, the engine of the selected auxiliary power unit 20' is kept in its running state, ignoring other such as The shutdown requirement of the control strategy based on the power demand, that is, the engine shutdown of the selected auxiliary power unit 20' is not allowed.
- the air conditioner controller 210 may send a deactivation command to the power controller 61 when there is no need to provide a flow of cold air to the car or when the air conditioner compressor 250 is not required to operate.
- the power controller 61 receives the deactivation command, the selected auxiliary power unit 20' is caused to enter the normal operation mode.
- the engine of the selected auxiliary power unit 20' can perform an automatic shutdown or an idle stop in response to other predetermined control strategies, such as based on power demand.
- the air conditioning system according to the present invention can forcibly operate the engine of the selected auxiliary power unit 20' and use it as a drive source of the air conditioner compressor 250 when the air conditioner compressor 250 is used for cooling, since the selected auxiliary power unit 20 does not occur. 'The engine is stopped and cooling cannot be achieved.
- a lower cost mechanical air conditioner compressor can be used; on the other hand, while the selected auxiliary power unit 20' is in a forced operation mode, the other auxiliary power unit 20 can remain Automated or idle stop is performed in accordance with other predetermined control strategies, such as based on power demand. This saves energy while achieving a satisfactory cooling effect.
- the output power of the engines in each of the auxiliary power units 20 of the series hybrid vehicle may be, for example, about 18 kW, and the single selected auxiliary power unit 20' is already sufficient to drive the air conditioner compressor 250.
- the single selected auxiliary power unit 20' is already sufficient to drive the air conditioner compressor 250.
- a single auxiliary power unit 20 The power of the engine is insufficient to drive the air conditioner compressor 250, and more but not all of the auxiliary power unit 20 may be used as the selected auxiliary power unit 20' to simultaneously drive the air conditioner compressor 250.
- the air conditioning system of Fig. 2 includes both the heating portion and the refrigerating portion according to the present invention
- the heating portion and the refrigerating portion of the air conditioning system according to the present invention can be independently implemented and operated. That is, in some embodiments, the heating portion of the air conditioning system described above may be separately employed, while the refrigerating portion employs other schemes than the present invention; in other embodiments, the foregoing may be employed separately.
- the refrigerating portion of the air conditioning system, while the heating portion employs other solutions than the present invention.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (12)
- 一种用于混合动力车辆的空调系统,用于向所述混合动力车辆的车厢内供给所需的热空气流,包括:具有电加热元件的电加热装置,用于接收来自所述混合动力车辆的供电电路的电能,并由所述电加热元件将其转换成热能,以加热将要供给至所述车厢内的空气流;具有热交换元件的水加热装置,用于接收来自所述混合动力车辆的发动机的冷却回路中的循环冷却水,并由所述热交换元件将所述循环冷却水的热量传递至将要供给至所述车厢内的空气流;温度传感器,用于检测所述循环冷却水的冷却水温度;和空调控制器,其配置成在向所述车厢提供所述热空气流时,根据所述温度传感器所检测到的所述冷却水温度选择性地开启或关闭所述电加热装置和/或所述水加热装置;其中,在所述冷却水温度低于预定温度阈值的情况下开启所述电加热装置并关闭所述水加热装置,在所述冷却水温度高于所述预定温度阈值的情况下关闭所述电加热装置并开启所述水加热装置。
- 一种用于串联式混合动力车辆的空调系统,用于选择性地向所述串联式混合动力车辆的车厢内供给所需的热空气流或冷空气流,所述串联式混合动力车辆包括用于驱动车辆的动力系统,所述动力系统包括:由动力电池和牵引电机构成的主动力单元;多个辅助动力单元,每个所述辅助动力单元各自独立地从一燃料源接收燃料,将燃料中的化学能转化为电能输出到公共电流总线;并且,每个所述辅助动力单元包括将所述燃料中的化学能转化为机械能的发动机和将所述发动机的机械能转换为电能的发电机;和动力控制器,用于根据预定控制策略控制所述多个辅助动力单元中每一辅助动力单元的发动机的工作;所述空调系统包括:具有电加热元件的电加热装置,用于接收来自所述串联式混合动力车辆的公共电流总线的电能,并由所述电加热元件将其转换成热能,以加热将要供给至所述车厢内的空气流;具有热交换元件的水加热装置,用于分别接收来自所述多个辅助动力单 元的对应多个发动机的对应多个冷却回路中的循环冷却水,并由所述热交换元件将所述循环冷却水的热量传递至将要供给至所述车厢内的空气流;在每一冷却回路上设置的温度传感器,用于检测对应冷却回路中的所述循环冷却水的冷却水温度;空调控制器,其配置成在向所述车厢提供所述热空气流时,根据所述温度传感器所检测到的所述冷却水温度选择性地开启或关闭所述电加热装置和/或所述水加热装置;其中,在所述多个冷却回路中至少预定数量的冷却回路中的冷却水温度达到预定温度阈值的情况下开启所述水加热装置并关闭所述电加热装置,否则开启所述电加热装置。
- 根据权利要求2所述的空调系统,其中,所述多个冷却回路分别设有用于选择性地开启或关闭向所述水加热装置供水的开关元件;所述空调控制器还配置成在开启所述水加热装置的情况下通过控制所述开关元件使得所述水加热装置仅接收来自所述冷却水温度达到所述预定温度阈值所对应的冷却回路的循环冷却水。
- 根据权利要求2-3中任一项所述的空调系统,其中,所述空调控制器还配置成在开启所述电加热装置时关闭所述水加热装置。
- 根据权利要求2-4中任一项所述的空调系统,其中,所述预定数量为一个。
- 根据权利要求2-4中任一项所述的空调系统,其中,所述预定数量为所述多个冷却回路的总数量的约三分之一或约一半。
- 根据权利要求2-6中任一项所述的空调系统,还包括:所述多个辅助动力单元中一部分数量的选定辅助动力单元,每一选定辅助动力单元具有普通工作模式和强制工作模式;在所述普通工作模式下,所述动力控制器根据所述预定控制策略选择性地控制所述选定辅助动力单元的发动机运行或停机,在所述强制工作模式下,所述动力控制器控制所述选定辅助动力单元的发动机开始运行或持续运行而不允许停机;和用于制冷的机械式压缩机,其与所述选定辅助动力单元的发动机机械传动连接并由其驱动运行;其中,所述空调控制器还配置成在需要向所述车厢提供所述冷空气流时向所述动力控制器发送一启用指令;其中,所述动力控制器在接收到所述启用指令时使得所述选定辅助动力单元进入到所述强制工作模式。
- 根据权利要求7所述的空调系统,其中,所述空调控制器还配置成在不需要向所述车厢提供所述冷空气流时向所述动力控制器发送一停用指令;其中,所述动力控制器在接收到所述停用指令时使得所述选定辅助动力单元进入到所述普通工作模式。
- 根据权利要求7或8所述的空调系统,其中,所述一部分数量为一个。
- 一种串联式混合动力车辆,包括用于驱动车辆的动力系统和用于调节车厢温度的空调系统;所述动力系统包括:由动力电池和牵引电机构成的主动力单元;多个辅助动力单元,每个所述辅助动力单元各自独立地从一燃料源接收燃料,将燃料中的化学能转化为电能输出到公共电流总线;并且,每个所述辅助动力单元包括将所述燃料中的化学能转化为机械能的发动机和将所述发动机的机械能转换为电能的发电机;和动力控制器,用于根据预定控制策略控制所述多个辅助动力单元中每一辅助动力单元的发动机的工作;其中,所述多个辅助动力单元中一部分数量的选定辅助动力单元具有普通工作模式和强制工作模式;在所述普通工作模式下,所述动力控制器根据预定控制策略选择性地控制所述选定辅助动力单元的发动机运行或停机,在所述强制工作模式下,所述动力控制器控制所述选定辅助动力单元的发动机开始运行或持续运行而不允许停机;所述空调系统包括:机械式压缩机,其与所述选定辅助动力单元的发动机机械传动连接并由其驱动运行;空调控制器,其配置成需要所述机械式压缩机工作时向所述动力控制器发送一启用指令;其中,所述动力控制器在接收到所述启用指令时使得所述选定辅助动力单元进入到所述强制工作模式。
- 根据权利要求10所述的串联式混合动力车辆,其中,所述空调控制器还配置成在不需要所述机械式压缩机工作时向所述动力控制器发送一停用指令;其中,所述动力控制器在接收到所述停用指令时使得所述选定辅助动力单元进入到所述普通工作模式。
- 根据权利要求10或11所述的串联式混合动力车辆,其中,所述一部分数量为一个。
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JP2016544375A JP6313455B2 (ja) | 2014-01-09 | 2014-12-23 | ハイブリッド車両およびその空調システム |
EP14877615.6A EP3093171B1 (en) | 2014-01-09 | 2014-12-23 | Hybrid vehicle and air-conditioning system thereof |
US15/110,562 US9604631B2 (en) | 2014-01-09 | 2014-12-23 | Hybrid vehicle and air-conditioning system thereof |
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EP3093171B1 (en) | 2019-05-15 |
US20160339900A1 (en) | 2016-11-24 |
JP6313455B2 (ja) | 2018-04-18 |
JP2017507827A (ja) | 2017-03-23 |
CN103786549B (zh) | 2017-12-08 |
EP3093171A1 (en) | 2016-11-16 |
CN103786549A (zh) | 2014-05-14 |
EP3093171A4 (en) | 2017-08-02 |
US9604631B2 (en) | 2017-03-28 |
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