WO2015094605A1 - Geo-fence based alerts - Google Patents
Geo-fence based alerts Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015094605A1 WO2015094605A1 PCT/US2014/067252 US2014067252W WO2015094605A1 WO 2015094605 A1 WO2015094605 A1 WO 2015094605A1 US 2014067252 W US2014067252 W US 2014067252W WO 2015094605 A1 WO2015094605 A1 WO 2015094605A1
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- alert
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
- H04W4/021—Services related to particular areas, e.g. point of interest [POI] services, venue services or geofences
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/50—Network services
- H04L67/52—Network services specially adapted for the location of the user terminal
Definitions
- a radio access network provides for radio communication links to be arranged within the network between a plurality of user terminals.
- Such user terminals may be mobile and may be known as 'mobile stations' or 'subscriber devices.
- At least one other terminal e.g. used in conjunction with subscriber devices, may be a fixed terminal, e.g. a base station, eNodeB, repeater, and/or access point.
- a RAN typically includes a system infrastructure that generally includes a network of various fixed terminals, which are in direct radio communication with the subscriber devices.
- Each of the fixed terminals operating in the RAN may have one or more transceivers which may, for example, serve subscriber devices in a given region or area, known as a 'cell' or 'site', by radio frequency (RF) communication.
- the subscriber devices that are in direct communication with a particular fixed terminal are said to be served by the fixed terminal.
- all radio communications to and from each subscriber device within the RAN are made via respective serving fixed terminals.
- Sites of neighboring fixed terminals may be offset from one another and may provide corresponding non-overlapping or partially or fully overlapping RF coverage areas.
- RANs may operate according to an industry standard protocol such as, for example, an open media alliance (OMA) push to talk (PTT) over cellular (OMA-PoC) standard, a voice over IP (VoIP) standard, or a PTT over IP (PoIP) standard.
- OMA open media alliance
- PTT push to talk
- VoIP voice over IP
- PoIP PTT over IP
- protocols such as PoC, VoIP, and PoIP are implemented over broadband RANs including third generation and fourth generation networks such as third generation partnership project (3 GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks.
- 3 GPP third generation partnership project
- LTE Long Term Evolution
- RANs may additionally or alternatively operate according to an industry standard land mobile radio (LMR) protocol such as, for example, the Project 25 (P25) standard defined by the Association of Public Safety Communications Officials International (APCO), or other radio protocols, the TETRA standard defined by the European Telecommunication Standards Institute (ETSI), the Digital Private Mobile Radio (dPMR) standard also defined by the ETSI, or the Digital Mobile Radio (DMR) standard also defined by the ETSI.
- LMR land mobile radio
- P25 Project 25
- API Association of Public Safety Communications Officials International
- ETSI European Telecommunication Standards Institute
- dPMR Digital Private Mobile Radio
- DMR Digital Mobile Radio
- Communications in accordance with any one or more of these protocols or standards, or other protocols or standards, may take place over physical channels in accordance with one or more of a TDMA (time division multiple access), FDMA (frequency divisional multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing access), or CDMA (code division multiple access) protocols.
- Subscriber devices in RANs such as those set forth above send and receive data (such as encoded voice, audio, or audio/video streams) in accordance with the designated protocol.
- OMA-PoC in particular, enables familiar PTT and "instant on" features of traditional half duplex subscriber devices, but uses mobile subscriber devices operating over modern broadband telecommunications networks.
- wireless subscriber devices such as mobile telephones and notebook computers can function as PTT half-duplex subscriber devices for transmitting and receiving.
- Other types of PTT models and multimedia call models (MMCMs) are also available.
- Floor control in an OMA-PoC session is generally maintained by a PTT server that controls communications between two or more wireless subscriber devices.
- a request for permission to speak in the OMA-PoC session is transmitted from the user's subscriber device to the PTT server using, for example, a real-time transport protocol (RTP) message.
- RTP real-time transport protocol
- an acceptance message is transmitted back to the user's subscriber device and the user can then speak into a microphone of the device.
- codec standard compression/decompression
- the user's voice is digitized and transmitted using discrete auditory data packets (e.g., together which form an auditory data stream over time), such as according to RTP and internet protocols (IP), to the PTT server.
- the PTT server then transmits the auditory data packets to other users of the PoC session (e.g., to other subscriber devices in the group of subscriber devices or talk group to which the user is subscribed), using for example a unicast, point to multipoint, or broadcast communication technique.
- Narrowband LMR systems operate in either a conventional or trunked configuration. In either configuration, a plurality of subscriber devices is partitioned into separate groups of subscriber devices. In a conventional system, each subscriber device in a group is selected to a particular frequency for communications associated with that subscriber device's group. Thus, each group is served by one channel, and multiple groups may share the same single frequency (in which case, in some embodiments, group IDs may be present in the group data to distinguish between groups using the same shared frequency).
- a trunked radio system and its subscriber devices use a pool of traffic channels for virtually an unlimited number of groups of subscriber devices (e.g., talk groups). Thus, all groups are served by all channels.
- the trunked radio system works to take advantage of the probability that not all groups need a traffic channel for communication at the same time.
- a call controller assigns a separate traffic channel for the requested group call, and all group members move from the assigned control or rest channel to the assigned traffic channel for the group call.
- the call controller may convert the control or rest channel on which the subscriber devices were idling to a traffic channel for the call, and instruct all subscriber devices that are not participating in the new call to move to a newly assigned control or rest channel selected from the pool of available channels.
- Group calls may be made between wireless and/or wireline participants in accordance with either a narrowband or a broadband protocol or standard.
- Group members for group calls may be statically or dynamically defined. That is, in a first example, a user or administrator working on behalf of the user may indicate to the switching and/or radio network (perhaps at a call controller, PTT server, zone controller, or mobile management entity (MME), base station controller (BSC), mobile switching center (MSC), site controller, Push-to-Talk controller, or other network device) a list of participants of a group at the time of the call or in advance of the call.
- MME mobile management entity
- BSC base station controller
- MSC mobile switching center
- site controller Push-to-Talk controller, or other network device
- the group members could be provisioned in the network by the user or an agent, and then provided some form of group identity or identifier, for example. Then, at a future time, an originating user in a group may cause some signaling to be transmitted indicating that he or she wishes to establish a communication session (e.g., group call) with each of the pre-designated participants in the defined group.
- subscriber devices may dynamically affiliate with a group (and also disassociate with the group) perhaps based on user input, and the switching and/or radio network may track group membership and route new group calls according to the current group membership.
- a group or groups of subscriber devices may need to be alerted about events such as hazardous material leaks or weather alerts relative to a particular defined area. Other examples are possible as well.
- Typical methods of signaling events such as blasting amongst subscriber units have historically relied upon an assignment of a separate RF channel over which predefined analog audio is mixed at the infrastructure and broadcast from the fixed terminal to the subscriber units, and played back at the subscriber units that are tuned to the separate RF channel, to indicate the respective event or hazard.
- Such typical methods provide a same alert (in this case, an alert tone) across a coverage area of an entire site, without an ability to selectively choose a particular alert based on the type of event or hazard, and/or to limit the alert to a particular area within a radio coverage cell of a base station broadcasting the alert.
- a particular base station may provide wireless communications coverage over a 5 mile radius, but an alert may only be relevant to a one square mile area within the radio coverage cell.
- a relevant area may cross over two radio coverage cells of two adjacent base stations, in which case the alert may be broadcast over two large radio coverage cells when the alert is only relevant to a small sub- portion at the periphery of each radio coverage cell.
- common relevant areas may exist in multiple sub-portions of coverage areas, such as schools or parks. Other examples are possible as well.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a wireless communications network in accordance with some embodiments.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a geo-fence server in accordance with some embodiments.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a subscriber device in accordance with some embodiments.
- FIGs. 4A-4B include a flow diagram illustrating a process that may be implemented at a subscriber device of FIG. 3 in accordance with an embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an example outbound signaling packet that may be transmitted by base stations to update subscriber devices with new geo- fence alert information in accordance with an embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating a process that may be implemented at a geo-fence server of FIG. 2 in accordance with an embodiment.
- Skilled artisans will appreciate that elements in the figures are illustrated for simplicity and clarity and have not necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements in the figures may be exaggerated relative to other elements to help to improve understanding of embodiments of the present invention.
- geo-fence based alerts are provided at subscriber devices (SDs) in a wireless communications network.
- SD subscriber device
- a first subscriber device (SD) in the wireless communications network determines its current location.
- the first SD detects a geo-fence trigger by determining, as a function of the determined current location and a stored geo-fence database, that it has either (i) crossed a geo-fence boundary into a first active geo-fence in the stored geo-fence database or (ii) is within the first active geo-fence and has not yet begun playing back an alert associated with the first active geo-fence.
- the SD identifies an alert associated with the first active geo-fence and begins playback of the alert associated with the first active geo-fence.
- geo-fence based alerts are provided at SDs in a wireless communications network under control of a geo-fence server.
- the geo-fence server maintains a database of geo-fences within a radio coverage cell of each of one or more base stations associated with each radio coverage cell, the database including a mapping that identifies, for each active geo-fence in the database, a corresponding alert for playback by a SD when the SD enters the active geo-fence.
- the geo-fence server periodically or intermittently broadcasts, for at least each active geo-fence in the database, a mapping identifying a corresponding alert for play back by a SD when the SD enters the active geo-fence.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a communications network 10 including client subscriber devices (e.g., SDs) 12, 14, 16, 18, fixed terminals 20, 40 (e.g. base stations), wireless links 21, 43, backhaul network 24, geo-fence server 26, database 28, communications connections 30, 32, 36, dispatch console 38, and external networks 34.
- Each base station 20, 40 has at least one radio transmitter covering a radio coverage cell (22, 42).
- One or several SDs 12, 14, 16, 18 within radio coverage cells 22, 42 of the respective base stations 20, 40 may connect to the base stations 20, 40 using a wireless communication protocol via respective wireless links 21, 43.
- the SDs 12, 14, 16, 18 may communicate with each other, and perhaps other devices accessible via other network links, using a group communications protocol over wireless links 21, 43.
- Wireless links 21, 43 may be, for example, a wireless link supporting a protocol such as GPRS or UMTS, 2G, (e.g. GSM), 3G (e.g. WCDMA or LTE), iDEN, wireless LAN (WLAN), or ETSI Digital Mobile Radio (DMR), among other possibilities.
- the SDs 12, 14, 16, 18 may be configured with an identification reference (such as an IMSI, International Mobile Subscriber Identity, or an SUID, Subscriber Unit
- Identifier which may be connected to a physical media (such as a SIM card,
- Each SD 12, 14, 16, 18 may be a group communications device, such as a push-to-talk (PTT) device, that is normally maintained in a monitor only mode, and which switches to a transmit-only mode (half-duplex) or transmit and receive mode (full-duplex) upon depression or activation of a PTT input switch.
- PTT push-to-talk
- the group communications architecture in communications network 10 allows a single SD, such as SD 14, to communicate with one or more members (such as SDs 12, 16-18) associated with a particular group of SDs at the same time.
- SDs 12, 14, 16, 18, base stations 20, 40, and/or an infrastructure controller may cooperate to define groups of SDs and enable the one-to-many communications feature provided by communications network 10.
- SDs are mobile, they may move within, into, out of, and/or between radio coverage cells 22, 42.
- SD 14 may move from an initial location 14A within radio coverage cell 22 to a subsequent location 14B also within radio coverage cell 22.
- SD 16 may move from an initial location 16A outside of radio coverage cell 42 to a secondary location 16B within radio coverage cell 42, and then to a final location 16C also within radio coverage cell 42.
- FIG. 1 Although only four SDs and two base stations are illustrated in FIG. 1, the present disclosure is not limited as such, and more or fewer SDs and more or fewer base stations could be used in any particular implementation.
- a single geo-fence server 26 is illustrated in FIG. 1, more than one geo-fence server 26 may be used and/or a distributed geo-fence server 26 may be used that divides functions across multiple devices, perhaps for load balancing reasons.
- database 28 is illustrated as directly coupled to geo-fence server 26, database 28 may also be remote from geo-fence server 26 and accessible to geo-fence server 26 via one or more of network 24 and/or external networks 34.
- the base stations 20, 40 may be linked to the geo-fence server 26 via network 24 and communications connection 30.
- Network 24 may comprise one or more routers, switches, LANs, WLANs, WANs, access points, or other network
- geo-fence server 26 may be accessible to base stations 20, 40 via a dedicated wireline or via the Internet.
- base stations 20, 40 may be directly coupled to geo-fence server 26 via one or more internal links under control of a single communications network provider.
- Geo-fence server 26 may be a separate device configured to maintain a database of geo-fences within one or more radio coverage cells of one or more base stations with which it is associated, and may provide mechanisms and/or interfaces for activating or de-activating existing geo-fences it is maintaining, for adding new geo-fence definitions, and for deleting existing geo-fence definitions.
- the geo-fence server 26 may further maintain mappings that identify, for each active geo-fence in the database, a corresponding assigned alert for playback by a SD when the SD enters or otherwise finds itself within the geo-fence.
- the geo-fence server 26 may further provide mechanisms and/or interfaces for modifying an assigned alert in the mapping, for adding a new mapping that assigns an existing geo-fence definition to an associated alert, and for removing an existing mapping.
- geo- fence server 26 may be embodied within or coupled to another network device, such as a base station controller (BSC), mobile switching center (MSC), site controller, zone controller, Push-to-Talk controller, or other network device, inside network 24 or outside of network 24.
- Database 28 may function to store geo-fence definitions and mappings and provide them, upon request, to geo-fence server 26.
- database 28 may store a first geo-fence definition defining a first geo-fence 54 within radio coverage cell 22 and associated with base station 20, a second geo-fence definition defining a second geo-fence 64 that is partially within radio coverage cell 42 and associated with base station 42 (and perhaps another, adjacent base station, not shown), and a third geo-fence definition defining a third geo-fence 74 that is within (e.g,. a sub-region of) geo-fence 64 and radio coverage cell 42 and is also associated with base station 40.
- Geo-fence definitions may take the form of a set of three or more polygon vertices, where each polygon vertex is a GPS coordinate, such as a latitude and longitude pair, or some other form of cartographic definition. Additionally or alternatively, geo- fence definitions may take the form of a point and radius, where the radius is a distance criterion and the point is a GPS coordinate, such as a latitude and longitude pair, or some other form of cartographic definition. Further, geo-fence definitions may take the form of a set of two diagonally opposing rectangular vertices, where each rectangular vertex is a GPS coordinate, such as a latitude and longitude pair, or some other form of cartographic definition. Other possibilities exist as well.
- 'talk group' is used in this specification to refer to a group of SD's.
- the term is not intended to be limited to voice communications, but rather, to embody all possible group communications payloads, including but not limited to, voice, data, video, audio, audio/video, images, and/or any other type of media stream.
- group call and "talk group” are used throughout the specification to refer to group call examples in a one-to-many group communication structure
- group sessions and “sessiongroups,” respectively, when exchanging multimedia messages between group members.
- multimedia messages may include, but not be limited to, video, audio, audio/video, images, and any other type of media stream.
- the one-to-many group communication structure may utilize any one or more messaging protocols, including unicast, multicast, broadcast, or any combination thereof.
- External networks 34 may also be accessible to base stations 20, 40 (and thus SDs 12, 14, 16, 18) via network 24 and communications connection 32 and/or geo- fence server 26 and communications connections 30, 36.
- External networks 34 may include, for example, a public switched telephone network (PSTN), the Internet, or another wireless service provider's network, among other possibilities.
- PSTN public switched telephone network
- the Internet the Internet
- another wireless service provider's network among other possibilities.
- Communications system 10 may implement, in one embodiment, a narrowband trunked radio communication system in which SDs 12, 14, 16, 18 transmit control and data messages in accordance with an air interface protocol such as that defined by the ETSI Digital Mobile Radio (DMR), Terrestrial Trunked Radio
- DMR Digital Mobile Radio
- communications system 10 may implement a PTT over Cellular (OMA- PoC) or PTT over IP (PoIP) broadband architecture in which SDs 12, 14, 16, 18 transmit control and data messages in accordance with a protocol such as real-time transport protocol (RTP) and/or session initiation protocol (SIP).
- OMA- PoC PTT over Cellular
- PTT over IP PTT over IP
- RTP real-time transport protocol
- SIP session initiation protocol
- Dispatch console 38 may be directly coupled to geo-fence server 26 as shown, or may be indirectly coupled to geo-fence server 26 via one or more of network 24 and external networks 34.
- the dispatch console 38 may provide an administrative or dispatch access to SDs 12, 14, 16, 18 and geo-fence server 26, and allow an
- Geo-fence server 200 may be, for example, the same as or similar to the geo-fence server 26 of FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 2, geo-fence server 200 includes a communications unit 202 coupled to a common data and address bus 217 of a processing unit 203. The geo-fence server 200 may also include an input unit (e.g., keypad, pointing device, etc.) 206 and a display screen 205, each coupled to be in communication with the processing unit 203.
- an input unit e.g., keypad, pointing device, etc.
- the processing unit 203 may include an encoder/decoder 211 with an associated code Read Only Memory (ROM) 212 for storing data for encoding and decoding voice, data, control, or other signals transmitted or received by geo-fence server 200.
- the processing unit 203 may further include a microprocessor 213 coupled, by the common data and address bus 217, to the encoder/decoder 211, a character ROM 214, a Random Access Memory (RAM) 204, and a static memory 216.
- ROM Read Only Memory
- the communications unit 202 may include one or more wired or wireless input/output (I/O) interfaces 209 that are configurable to communicate with BSs such as BSs 20, 40 of FIG. 1, with other devices in the communications network 10, and/or with the dispatch console 38.
- the communications unit 202 may include one or more wireless transceivers 208, such as a DMR transceiver, an APCO P25 transceiver, a TETRA transceiver, a Bluetooth transceiver, a Wi-Fi transceiver perhaps operating in accordance with an IEEE 802.11 standard (e.g., 802.1 la, 802.1 lb, 802.1 lg), a
- the WiMAX transceiver perhaps operating in accordance with an IEEE 802.16 standard, and/or other similar type of wireless transceiver configurable to communicate via a wireless network.
- the communications unit 202 may alternatively or additionally include one or more wireline transceivers 208, such as an Ethernet transceiver, a Universal Serial Bus (USB) transceiver, or similar transceiver configurable to communicate via a twisted pair wire, a coaxial cable, a fiber-optic link or a similar physical connection to a wireline network.
- the transceiver 208 is also coupled to a combined modulator/demodulator 210 that is coupled to the encoder/decoder 211.
- the microprocessor 213 has ports for coupling to the input unit 206 and to the display screen 205.
- the character ROM 214 stores code for decoding or encoding data such as control channel messages and/or data or voice messages that may be transmitted or received by the geo-fence server 200.
- Static memory 216 may store operating code 225 for the microprocessor 213 that, when executed, performs one or more of the steps described with respect to FIG. 6 and corresponding text.
- Static memory 216 may comprise, for example, a hard-disk drive (HDD), an optical disk drives such as a compact disk (CD) drive or digital versatile disk (DVD) drive, a solid state drive (SSD), a tape drive, a flash memory drive, or a tape drive, to name a few.
- HDD hard-disk drive
- CD compact disk
- DVD digital versatile disk
- SSD solid state drive
- tape drive a tape drive
- flash memory drive or a tape drive
- FIG. 3 is an example functional block diagram of a SD 300, which may be the same or similar as SD 14, operating within the communications system 10 of FIG. 1 in accordance with some embodiments.
- Other SDs such as SDs 12, 16, and 18 may contain same or similar structures.
- SD 300 includes a communications unit 302 coupled to a common data and address bus 317 of a processing unit 303.
- the SD 300 may also include an input unit (e.g., keypad, pointing device, etc.) 306, an output transducer unit (e.g., speaker) 320, an input transducer unit (e.g., microphone) 321 and a display screen 305, each coupled to be in communication with the processing unit 303.
- an input unit e.g., keypad, pointing device, etc.
- an output transducer unit e.g., speaker
- an input transducer unit e.g., microphone
- the processing unit 303 may include an encoder/decoder 311 with an associated code Read Only Memory (ROM) 312 for storing data for encoding and decoding voice, data, control, or other signals that may be transmitted or received by SD 300.
- the processing unit 303 may further include a microprocessor 313 coupled, by the common data and address bus 317, to the encoder/decoder 311, a character ROM 314, a RAM 304, and a static memory 316.
- the processing unit may also include a digital signal processor (DSP) 319, coupled to the speaker 320 and the common data and address bus 317, for operating on audio signals received from one or more of the communications unit 302, the static memory 316, and a tone generator unit 322 for generating audio tones, and providing a resultant audio signal to the output transducer 320.
- DSP digital signal processor
- the communications unit 302 may include an RF interface 309 configurable to communicate with other SDs within its communication range and with BSs within its communication range such as BSs 20, 40 of FIG. 1.
- the communications unit 302 may include one or more wireless transceivers 308, such as an APCO P25 transceiver, a DMR transceiver, a TETRA transceiver, a Bluetooth transceiver, a Wi-Fi
- the transceiver 308 is also coupled to a combined modulator/demodulator 310 that is coupled to the encoder/decoder 311.
- the character ROM 314 stores code for decoding or encoding data such as control channel messages, alert mapping updates, and/or data or voice messages that may be transmitted or received by the SD 300.
- Static memory 316 may store operating code 325 for the microprocessor 313 that, when executed, performs one or more of the steps set forth in FIGs. 4A-4B and corresponding text.
- Static memory 316 may comprise, for example, a HDD, an optical disk drives such as a CD drive or DVD drive, a SSD, a tape drive, a flash memory drive, or a tape drive, to name a few.
- FIGs. 4A-4B set forth a flow chart illustrating a process 400 that may be implemented at a subscriber device such as the SD 14 of FIG. 1 and/or SD 300 of FIG. 3 to provide geo-fence based alerts consistent with the present disclosure.
- a subscriber device such as the SD 14 of FIG. 1 and/or SD 300 of FIG. 3 to provide geo-fence based alerts consistent with the present disclosure.
- additional steps not disclosed herein could be additionally added before, after, or in- between steps disclosed in FIGS. 4A-4B, and the presence of such additional steps would not negate the purpose and advantages of the examples set forth in detail throughout the remainder of this disclosure.
- the SD maintains a database of geo-fence definitions and geo- fence definition to alert mappings that, for those geo-fence definitions that are active, designate an assigned alert for playback when the SD determines that it has entered or otherwise determined that it is within the defined boundaries of a particular geo-fence defined by the geo-fence definitions.
- the geo-fence definitions stored at each SD may be provisioned and/or pre-configured at each SD by a manufacturer or system administrator, may be provided to each SD over-the-air by a serving BS, may be manually entered or updated via a user interface (for example, input unit 306 and display screen 305 of SD 300 of FIG. 3), or may be populated via a combination of any of the foregoing.
- Geo-fence definitions entered at a SD via its user interface may be subsequently provided to the geo-fence server via its serving BS for storage at the geo-fence server and further distribution to other SDs.
- Geo-fence definitions may take a form that is the same or similar to that set forth above with respect to geo-fence definitions stored at geo-fence server 26 and/or database 28 of FIG. 1.
- Alert mappings may be provided separately from the geo-fence definitions or integrated with the geo-fence definitions themselves. Similar to the geo-fence definitions, the alert mappings stored at each SD may be pre-configured at each SD by a
- each SD over-the-air may be provided to each SD over-the-air by a serving BS, may be manually entered or updated via a user interface, or may be populated via a combination of any of the foregoing.
- geo-fence definitions may be set forth in a geo-fence look-up table similar to the look-up table set forth in Table I below.
- a geo-fence definition database may include a lookup table defining three geo-fences of a particular differing type and having geo-fence ID's of 0-2. While Table I illustrates three geo-fence definitions using three different types of geo-fence definitions for exemplary purposes only, in other embodiments, a single type of geo-fence definition could be used consistently throughout the database, and more or less than three geo-fence definitions may be set forth.
- geo- fence ID 0 is illustrated as a point + radius type geo-fence definition having a central point at latitude/longitude +42.07,-88.05 and covering a radius extending from that central point by a distance of 1 km.
- Geo-fence ID 1 is illustrated as a rectangular type geo-fence definition having two defined diagonal opposing vertices at
- Geo-fence ID 2 is illustrated as a polygonal type geo-fence definition having three defined vertices (e.g., a triangle in this case) at latitude/longitude +42.5,-88.5, +42.5, -87.7, and +42,-87.7.
- an indication may also be included of which base station's radio coverage cells the geo-fence is fully or partially located in.
- geo-fence IDs 0 and 1 are located in a same radio coverage cell associated with BS ID AEFl i6, while geo-fence ID 2 is located across two radio coverage cells associated with BS IDs AEF116 and BC32i 6 .
- Base station associations can be used by geo-fence servers to determine which BSs to broadcast updates or additions to geo-fence definitions or alert mappings over, so that updates are only broadcast in those radio coverage cells covering geo-fences that are affected by the change or addition, among other possibilities.
- the geo-fence server may maintain a mapping between geo-fence definitions and associated base stations, perhaps determined by empirically comparing geo-fence definitions with known radio coverage cells corresponding to respective base stations, or by provisioning or pre-configuration, among other possibilities.
- Base station associations could also be used by SDs to limit the number of geo-fence boundaries it checks its current location against based on the BS with which it is currently attached, among other possibilities.
- Other ways of storing geo-fence definitions could be used in addition to or in place of the example look-up table set forth in Table 1 above.
- alert mappings stored at each SD may be set forth in an alert-tone mapping look-up table such as that set forth in Table II below.
- Table II Example Alert Mapping Look-up Table
- each of the geo-fences defined in the geo-fence definition database are included in the alert mapping.
- geo-fence ID 0 is currently mapped to alert ID 1
- geo-fence ID 1 is currently mapped to alert ID 3.
- Geo-fence ID 2 is currently mapped to a ⁇ Null> value, meaning the alert for that geo-fence definition is not currently active.
- the geo-fence ID (2 in this example) may simply be removed from the mapping when the alert is disabled for that geo-fence ID. Other possibilities exist as well.
- each alert ID may be hard-coded at each SD to correspond to a particular type of tone (generated or stored).
- each SD may further include an alert ID look up table that may be updateable or modifiable to change an association between an alert ID and a particular alert for playback.
- the alert ID in the alert mapping may provide an index into an alert ID lookup table such as that set forth in Table III below.
- Table III Example Alert ID Look-up Table
- an alert ID of "0" may indicate an approach warning tone function (e.g., that the user is approaching a restricted area) that should be sourced from a local tone generator at each SD using the parameters associated with that alert ID (parameters that may be stored at each SD), which may include one or more of frequency of the tone, duration of the tone (on duration, perhaps including a predefined value implying a continuous on duration), and repetition rate of the tone (time between adjacent on periods, which may be 0 for a continuous tone).
- an approach warning tone function e.g., that the user is approaching a restricted area
- parameters associated with that alert ID parameters that may be stored at each SD
- parameters associated with that alert ID parameters that may include one or more of frequency of the tone, duration of the tone (on duration, perhaps including a predefined value implying a continuous on duration), and repetition rate of the tone (time between adjacent on periods, which may be 0 for a continuous tone).
- An alert ID of "1" may indicate an entrance warning tone function (e.g., that the user has entered a restricted area) that should be sourced from a local tone generator at each SD using the parameters associated with that alert ID, which in this case uses a higher frequency, longer duration, and quicker repetition rate than the approach warning tone (alert ID 0).
- An alert ID of "2" may indicate an emergency function that is also sourced from a local tone generator, but perhaps using different parameters to distinguish it from the approach and warning alert tones to more quickly and forcefully alert the user to an imminent danger.
- An alert ID of "3" may indicate a weather alert tone sourced from a locally stored spoken audio file stored at each SD (e.g., perhaps indicating a tornado watch or warning and indicating what actions should be taken), and the parameters column may specify the file name and/or path to retrieve the stored digital audio file for play back.
- Parameters for the stored audio file may also include a duration value and a repetition rate value defining when and for how long to play back the stored audio file, similar to the tone generator parameters.
- no parameters may be included in the look-up table for stored audio files and instead, the stored audio file itself may be played back in a looped fashion and may itself include the repetition rate and duration within the stored digital audio recording.
- An alert ID of "4" may indicate a tsunami watch alert sourced from a locally stored text file stored at each SD, and the parameters column may specify the file name and/or path to retrieve the stored text file for play back.
- the text file may include the characters "Tsunami Alert Has Been Issued, Take Cover!
- Parameters for the stored text file may also include text display parameters such as font size, font style, and a duration value and a repetition rate value defining when and for how long to play back (e.g., display) the stored text.
- a stored image file may be referenced instead, and parameters may be included in the look-up table that specify a display resolution for the image, and a duration value and a repetition rate value defining when and for how long to play back (e.g., display) the stored image.
- the SD determines its current geographic location. For example, the SD may calculate its geographic location using a satellite -based triangulation process (perhaps via a GPS receiver or application, or similar satellite -based system such as GLONASS, GNSS, or Compass) or via a terrestrial-based triangulation process.
- a satellite -based triangulation process perhaps via a GPS receiver or application, or similar satellite -based system such as GLONASS, GNSS, or Compass
- GLONASS Globalstar Satellite -based triangulation
- GNSS Globalstar Satellite GNSS
- Compass satellite -based triangulation process
- the SD determines whether an update was received over-the-air from its serving BS, the update including a new geo-fence definition and/or alert mapping, or a geo-fence definition or alert mapping modification (including removal thereof). If an update has been received, processing proceeds to step 408, where the geo-fence database and/or alert mapping is updated in the geo-fence database accordingly.
- FIG. 5 sets forth an example message structure 500 that may be used in a Geofence Update Bcst message.
- the message structure 500 is a MOT GEO BCST proprietary outbound signaling packet (OSP) that periodically transmits proprietary site and/or system information consistent with a Motorola Solutions feature set.
- OSP proprietary outbound signaling packet
- similar outgoing packets could be formatted in accordance with different protocols implemented in a wireless communications system.
- the first and second octets 502 include an opcode field and manufacturer's ID field that are set consistent with the Motorola Solutions feature set.
- the third through eighth octets 504 contain propriety signaling consistent with the Motorola Solutions feature set.
- the ninth octet 506 includes a geo-fence ID field and an alert ID field. In other embodiments, the third through eighth octets 504 may each contain a geo-fence ID field and alert ID field similar to the ninth octet 506 such that a single
- MOT GEO BCST OSP 500 could be used to identify a plurality of geo-fence ID to alert ID mappings.
- the geo-fence ID field identifies a particular geo-fence ID whose alert ID mapping is being updated, added, de-activated, or removed. For example, a value of 0 in the geo-fence ID field could identify the first geo-fence in Table I above having a definition of "Point: +42.07,-88.05, Radius: 1 km" and associated with BS ID AEFl i 6 .
- the alert ID field identifies the alert to be added, updated, or removed relative to the geo-fence ID also identified in the ninth octet 506. For example, a value of ⁇ Null> included in the alert ID field would de-activate the alert for geo-fence ID 0, which previously referred to an entrance warning tone as set forth in Table III above.
- a geo-fence ID value of 2 and an alert ID # of 3 could newly add an alert and activate geo-fence 2 to play back a Weather Alert when SDs enter or otherwise find themselves within geo-fence 2, in accordance with Tables I-III above.
- the tenth octet 508 includes an additional Reserved field.
- the eleventh- twelfth octets 510 may include a CRC value for use in verifying that the message has been received at a receiving device in an error- free state.
- messages similar to message structure 500 may be used for other purposes as well, such as modifying a function, source, or source parameters of an alert ID, adding a new alert ID, or removing an alert ID in an alert ID look-up table such as set forth in Table III. Further, messages similar to message structure 500 may be used to modify a geo-fence definition, add a new geo-fence definition, or remove a geo-fence definition in a geo-fence look-up table such as set forth in Table I.
- SDs receiving the message structure 500 would parse the message and update their alert mapping (and/or their geo-fence definitions or alert IDs, as the case may be) in their local geo-fence database corresponding to the message contents.
- alert mapping and/or their geo-fence definitions or alert IDs, as the case may be
- the addition of a new geo-fence and corresponding alert mapping or the addition of a new alert mapping to an existing geo-fence would be detected and the corresponding alert played back if the SD finds that it is within the defined geo-fence, as set forth below.
- processing proceeds from step 408 of FIG. 4A to step 430 of FIG. 4B, in which the SD determines if a change to an alert mapping for a currently active geo-fence within which the SD is currently located was received at step 408.
- the SD may mark and un-mark geo-fences as active when it starts and stops playing back an alert, so as to aid it in more quickly determining whether a particular geo-fence alert is already active and being played back, as discussed with respect to steps 420 and 426 below, or may use some other mechanism to determine whether a particular geo-fence alert is already being played back when an update to it is received.
- step 430 If it is determined at step 430 that no such change was received, processing proceeds to step 410 of FIG. 4 A. If, however, such a change was determined to have been received at step 430, at step 432, the SD stops playback of the locally stored or generated alert that was previously assigned to the currently active geo-fence within which the SD is located, and at step 434, begins playback of the locally stored or generated alert newly assigned to the currently active geo-fence within which the SD is located (if any).
- the alert mapping for geo-fence 0 is updated from alert ID 1 in Table II to ⁇ Null> via an over-the-air message such as message structure 500, while the SD is currently located within geo-fence 0, the alert associated with alert ID 1 is halted at the SD at step 432, and at step 434, no new alert is played back at step 434.
- the alert mapping for geo-fence 0 was updated from alert ID 1 in Table II to alert ID 2
- the alert associated with alert ID 1 is halted at the SD at step 432, and at step 434, the alert associated with alert ID 2 is started to be played back in accordance with the stored alert ID 2's parameters as set forth in Table III.
- step 434 processing proceeds back to step 410 of FIG. 4A. While geo-fence database and mapping update steps 408 and 430-434 are illustrated in FIGS. 4A-4B as occurring sequentially with geo- fence trigger steps 410-426 for ease of illustration, in other embodiments, steps 408 and 430-434 may occur simultaneously or at least partially overlapping with steps 410-426. [0071] At step 410 of FIG. 4A, the SD determines if the SD's current location determined at step 406 generates a geo-fence trigger. In some embodiments, step 410 could be executed prior to step 406, or instead of step 406. A geo-fence trigger could be generated for a number of different reasons.
- an out to in (out->in) geo-fence trigger could be generated when the SD determines that it has moved from outside of a geo-fence border (as defined in the geo-fence database) to within the geo- fence border. This determination may be made by comparing the current geographic location of the SD from step 404 to each of the geo-fence definitions stored at the SD, and determining if a boundary has been crossed.
- Some hysteresis may be provided in this decision in order to prevent the constant generation of geo-fence triggers (e.g., a time-based hysteresis restriction preventing another geo-fence trigger for the same geo-fence for a pre-defined number of seconds, such as 1-60 s, after the first geo-fence trigger is raised, or a distance- based hysteresis restriction preventing a geo-fence trigger for a geo-fence from being raised until the SD is detected to have moved a pre-defined distance, such as 10-100 meters, past a geo-fence border and into the defined geo-fence).
- a time-based hysteresis restriction preventing another geo-fence trigger for the same geo-fence for a pre-defined number of seconds, such as 1-60 s, after the first geo-fence trigger is raised
- a distance- based hysteresis restriction preventing a geo-fence trigger for a geo-fence from being raised
- an in to out (in->out) geo-fence trigger could be generated when the SD determines that it has moved from inside of a geo-fence border to outside of the geo-fence border, with or without a similar time or distance- based hysteresis applied.
- a geo-fence trigger may be raised when the SD finds itself "newly within” a geo-fence that has not been previously raised or detected at the SD, perhaps due to the SD powering up within a defined active geo-fence in the geo-fence database, or a new geo-fence definition and/or alert mapping was added to the geo-fence database via step 408. Similar to the above, this determination may be made by comparing the current geographic location of the SD from step 404 to each of the geo-fence definitions stored at the SD, and determining if the SD is newly within one of the geo-fence definitions.
- step 410 If no geo-fence trigger is detected at step 410, processing proceeds back to step 406. If, however, a geo-fence trigger is detected at step 410, processing proceeds to step 414. [0075] At step 414, the SD determines what type of geo-fence trigger was raised at step 410. If an out->in geo-fence trigger or a newly within trigger was detected at step 410, processing proceeds to step 416. If, on the other hand, an in->out geo-fence trigger was raised at step 410, processing proceeds to step 422.
- the SD determines the geo-fence ID of the geo-fence it has newly entered (or of the geo-fence it otherwise finds itself newly within), by reference the geo-fence ID associated with the triggering geo-fence definition determined at step 410.
- the SD may then reference the alert mapping stored locally at the SD, using the triggering geo-fence ID, to determine what alert is associated with the triggering geo- fence ID.
- the alert mapping may not be stored at the SD or may be currently unavailable or corrupted.
- the SD may transmit a request to its serving BS, including the geo-fence ID, requesting it to identify the alert currently associated with the geo-fence ID of the geo-fence it has newly entered.
- a response from the serving BS may then identify the alert (perhaps via alert ID) currently associated with the geo- fence ID of the geo-fence it has newly entered.
- the SD may tune to a control channel or conventional channel (or other signaling channel) associated with its serving BS and wait for a periodic or intermittent broadcast of currently active geo-fence to alert mappings that can then be used by the SD to identify the alert currently associated with the geo-fence ID of the geo-fence it has newly entered.
- the SD begins playing back the alert associated with the geo- fence it has newly entered or newly found itself within in accordance with the alert parameters, perhaps identified via an alert ID look-up table same or similar to that set forth in Table III above.
- the SD may determine if it already has an incoming audio or voice call being played back and, if so, may sum the alert tone with the incoming audio or voice call before playing back the summed audio.
- the SD may use some logic to determine which alerts take priority over others. For example, with reference to FIG. 1, SD 16 may move within geo- fence 64 at location 16B and then into geo-fence 74 at location 16C. When determining which alerts to play back at location 16C, the SD 16 may access a priority indication additionally stored in the geo-fence database with respect to each alert (e.g., in the alert ID look-up table of Table III above, not shown) and/or with respect to each geo-fence definition (e.g., in geo-fence definition look-up table of Table I above, not shown).
- the SD may then use the priority information to determine which alert and/or which geo-fence should take priority over the other(s).
- the higher priority geo-fence and/or alert may be played back at the expense of the lower priority geo-fence(s) and/or alert(s).
- the alerts are alert tones
- the higher priority geo-fence and/or alert tone may have its playback volume increased relative to the lower priority geo-fence(s) and/or alert tone(s), and the alert tones summed together, before playing back the summed audio. For example, with respect to FIG.
- geo-fence 64 may be associated with alert ID 0 as an approach warning tone to alert the SD user that they are approaching a dangerous area
- geo-fence 74 may be associated with alert ID 1 as an entrance warning to alert the SD user that they have entered the dangerous area.
- the alert ID 1 entrance warning tone and/or geo-fence 74 may be set at a higher priority than alert ID 0 approach warning tone and/or geo-fence 64, and the alert ID 1 entrance warning tone may be played back in place of the alert ID 0 approach warning tone.
- the alert ID 0 approach warning tone may again be played back until the SD exits geo-fence 64 as well.
- geo-fence and/or alerts having an equal priority could be displayed and/or played back simultaneously or in an alternating fashion.
- an alert tone and a text display alert associated with separate geo-fence definitions and having equal priority could be executed simultaneously, while two audio alert tones associated with separate geo-fence definitions and having equal priority could be summed together at equal volume or played back in an alternating fashion.
- the geo-fence ID associated with the alert that is begun to be played back at step 418 is marked as active at the SD, perhaps in the geo-fence database or perhaps in RAM, such as RAM 304, of the SD.
- the active status may be used to aid in making a future determination of whether an alert mapping of an actively played-back geo-fence alert has updated at step 430.
- processing returns to step 404.
- step 414 if instead it is determined that an in->out geo-fence trigger was raised at step 410, processing proceeds from step 414 to step 422, where the SD determines the geo-fence ID of the geo-fence it has newly exited, and references the alert mapping to determine what alert was associated with the geo- fence.
- the SD halts playback of the alert associated with the geo-fence it has newly exited.
- the SD may determine if the SD already has an incoming audio or voice call being played back and, if so, may halt summing of the alert with the incoming audio or voice call, and instead, simply play back the incoming audio or voice call (assuming no other alerts are active).
- the geo-fence ID associated with the alert that was halted at step 424 is marked as inactive at the SD, perhaps in the geo-fence database or perhaps in RAM, such as RAM 304, of the SD.
- the inactive status may be used to aid in making a future determination of whether an alert mapping of an actively played-back geo- fence alert has been updated at step 430.
- processing returns to step 404.
- FIG. 6 sets forth a flow chart illustrating a process 600 that may be
- geo-fence server such as the geo-fence server 26 of FIG. 1 and/or the geo-fence server 200 of FIG. 2 to provide geo-fence based alerts consistent with the present disclosure.
- additional steps not disclosed herein could be additionally added before, after, or in-between steps disclosed in FIG. 6, and the presence of such additional steps would not negate the purpose and advantages of the examples set forth in detail throughout the remainder of this disclosure.
- the geo-fence server maintains a database of geo-fence definitions and geo-fence to alert mappings that, for those active geo-fence definitions, designate an assigned alert for playback when client SDs determine that they have entered or otherwise determined that they are within the defined boundaries of a particular geo- fence.
- the geo-fence definitions stored at the geo-fence server may be pre-configured and static, or may be updated from time to time via a user interface such as input 206 and screen 205 of geo-fence server 200 or via an updated database loaded into the geo-fence server via static memory 216 and/or I/O interface 209.
- Geo-fence definitions stored at the geo-fence server, or at external database 28 communicatively coupled to the geo-fence server may take a form that is the same or similar to that set forth above with respect to the geo-fence definitions stored at the SDs. Alert mappings may be provided separately from the geo-fence definitions or integrated with the geo-fence definitions themselves. Due to the potential size of the geo-fence definitions, in some embodiments, the entire set of geo-fence definitions are initially pre-loaded at each SD such that the geo-fence server does not need to periodically or intermittently broadcast all of the geo-fence definitions over the air.
- the geo-fence definitions are separately maintained at both the geo-fence server and at each SD, and the geo-fence server ensures that SDs are updated whenever the geo-fence definitions are changed at the geo-fence server. Updates to geo-fence definitions or newly added geo-fence definitions may be broadcast to SDs depending on system configuration and available bandwidth, as set forth below.
- the geo-fence server periodically or intermittently causes, for at least each active geo-fence in the database, a geo-fence ID to alert mapping to be broadcast by all BSs it is associated with, or in some embodiments, by only those BSs that have a radio coverage cell that fully or partially covers a geo-fence definition.
- the geo-fence server may instruct a control channel repeater at each site to periodically or intermittently broadcast current geo-fence ID to alert mappings, without further stimulus from the geo-fence server.
- the geo-fence server may itself periodically or intermittently cause the current geo-fence ID to alert mappings to be broadcast over conventional channels. Other possibilities exist as well.
- a geo-fence may be considered active with respect to the geo-fence server if it has a non- ⁇ Null> value associated with the geo-fence in the geo-fence to alert mapping such that SDs entering the geo-fence would need to take some action to generate or playback an alert associated with that geo-fence.
- a geo-fence mapped to a ⁇ Null> alert or otherwise not having an associated alert for playback is considered, at least temporarily, inactive.
- the periodic or intermittent broadcast of geo-fence ID to alert mappings allows SDs to ensure that they have up to date information in their geo-fence databases with respect to which alerts to play back when entering or finding itself within a particular geo-fence. For example, with respect to FIG.
- the geo-fence server at step 604 of process 600 may cause only the geo-fence ID to alert mapping associated with geo-fence 74 to be broadcast via BS 40, and no mappings associated with either of geo-fence 64 or geo-fence 74 to be broadcast via BS 20.
- geo-fence server causes mappings associated with both geo-fence 64 (perhaps including a ⁇ Null> or other inactive indication) and geo-fence 74 to be broadcast by both BSs 20 and 40.
- the periodic or intermittent broadcast may be transmitted on a control channel at each radio site, on a conventional channel associated with each radio site, or otherwise transmitted on a signaling channel accessible to the SDs operating at the radio sites.
- the geo-fence server determines whether a new geo-fence definition, a new alert, a new geo-fence to alert mapping, a modified geo-fence definition, a modified alert, and/or a modified geo-fence to alert mapping has been made at the geo-fence server via any one or more of the methods already mentioned above for maintaining the geo-fence database. If such an addition or modification is not detected at step 606, processing proceeds to step 612.
- step 608 processing proceeds to step 608, where the newly added or modified information is caused to be broadcast by at least BSs corresponding to the information being changed, if not all BSs associated with the geo-fence server.
- the addition of a new geo-fence definition defining geo-fence 54 within radio coverage cell 22 of FIG. 1 in the geo-fence database maintained by the geo-fence server may be caused to be broadcast by at least BS 20, and perhaps BS 40 as well.
- a detected change to a geo-fence ID to alert mapping associated with geo-fence 54 may result in the geo-fence server causing the updated information to be immediately broadcast (instead of waiting for a next periodic or intermittent broadcast time period set forth in step 604), perhaps via a message structure 500, by BS 20 and/or BS 40 as well.
- the change to the alert mapping may be especially important in certain situations, such as a mining operation when an alert may change from a "blasting today" alert tone to a "blasting imminent" alert tone just prior to the blasting occurring, or other such similar situations, and thus may be broadcast out of turn from the periodic or intermittent broadcasting of step 604.
- processing proceeds to step 612
- the geo-fence server determines if a request for a geo-fence to alert mapping was received, perhaps from an SD over a control or traffic channel assigned to a particular radio site or SD associated with the geo-fence server. If no such request is received at step 612, processing proceeds back to step 604.
- step 612 processing proceeds to step 614, where the geo-fence server retrieves the geo-fence to alert mapping associated with the geo-fence ID identified in the request, and then causes the mapping to be broadcast by the SD's serving BS.
- an improved method and apparatus for providing alerts and more particularly, to providing geo-fence based alerts in a wireless communication system.
- a more flexible, robust, and adaptable alert system can be provided, improving safety across many geographic regions and functions.
- Other advantages and benefits are possible as well.
- a device or structure that is "configured" in a certain way is configured in at least that way, but may also be configured in ways that are not listed.
- processors or “processing devices”
- microprocessors digital signal processors, customized processors and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and unique stored program instructions (including both software and firmware) that control the one or more processors to implement, in conjunction with certain non-processor circuits, some, most, or all of the functions of the method and/or apparatus described herein.
- FPGAs field programmable gate arrays
- unique stored program instructions including both software and firmware
- some or all functions could be implemented by a state machine that has no stored program instructions, or in one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), in which each function or some combinations of certain of the functions are implemented as custom logic.
- ASICs application specific integrated circuits
- an embodiment can be implemented as a computer-readable storage medium having computer readable code stored thereon for programming a computer (e.g., comprising a processor) to perform a method as described and claimed herein.
- Examples of such computer-readable storage mediums include, but are not limited to, a hard disk, a CD-ROM, an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, a ROM (Read Only Memory), a PROM (Programmable Read Only Memory), an EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) and a Flash memory.
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