WO2015088460A2

WO2015088460A2 - A dental implant to be applied under maxillary sinus and the application method thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2015088460A2
Application number: PCT/TR2014/000500
Authority: WO
Inventors: Panur Yaramanoglu
Original assignee: Panur Yaramanoglu
Priority date: 2013-12-11
Filing date: 2014-12-11
Publication date: 2015-06-18
Also published as: WO2015088460A3

Abstract

The present invention is related to a development made with respect to the implants used for dental problems in the dental applications. The implant designed in a way to be used particularly in the sinus lift operations brings solution to the problems such as development of infection caused by the implants used in the available applications or lack of bone formation after the application.

Description

DESCRIPTION

A DENTAL IMPLANT TO BE APPLIED UNDER MAXILLARY SINUS AND THE APPLICATION METHOD THEREOF

Related Technical Field:

State of the Art:

Dental implants are used in the dental problems, especially to replace missing teeth in the jaw and to eliminate the disadvantages of these missing teeth in terms of aesthetics and functionality. Dental implants are the artificial materials which bond with the bone by replacing the tooth root and thus act as a tooth.

Dental implants not only solve the problems of patients in terms of both aesthetics and usage but also equalize the total force distribution by regulating the force imbalance caused by the missing teeth.

However, there are problems raised due to the implant application and the design of each implant. After the teeth in the jawbone are pulled out, a vertical resorption occurs in this region as the tooth cannot function here. In this case, restrictions also caused by anatomic formations in some regions are added to this resorption. When this is the case, it is not possible to place an implant into this region and perform a healthy application. The short implants to be applied in this region may cause problems in placing dental prosthesis to be applied thereon; the implants which cannot bear the pressures that one applies to the tooth during chewing get loose in a short period of time and the tooth is lost.

When the amount of vertical bones especially under the maxillary sinus in the upper jaw is below 7-8 mm, this makes it necessary to choose a short implant to be placed. And, the implants which are short in length have positioning and fixing problems as mentioned above.

In another method applied on the maxillary sinus, the height is increased by filling the maxillary sinus with bone graft made of synthetic materials increasing bone formation and a longer vertical region is obtained. This is referred to as sinus lift operation.

Even though the problems occurred because of using short implants are solved with this operation, different disadvantages emerge. Within this operation, a window is cut on the lateral wall of sinus and the bone graft is applied through this window. In this technique, if not enough amount of bone is formed on the sinus floor. following the window cut; an opening remains on the lateral wall which is called oroantral fistula. This creates a link between mouth and nose, and infectious problems are experienced due to the material migration between nose and mouth . Another disadvantage experienced in the sinus lift operation is the problems occurred due to tearing of the membrane covering the interior of the sinus cavity. In case of such a tear, the operation fails. Tearing of the sinus membrane during the operation is a very common result. This is because the bone should be removed from there without letting the membrane covering the interior of the wall tear after a hole is cut on the lateral wall of the sinus during the operation, and then this membrane is peeled from bottom to top and the region under the membrane is filled with bone graft. Since it is required to carry out all these processes without damaging the membrane, they are quite challenging for the doctor or the practitioner and require attention. In case the membrane is damaged, torn during the operation, the operation should be ended before completed and the relevant region should be covered. As it is not possible to re-open this region after the membrane is damaged, placing an implant or bone formation is not possible, either; and the patient has to live with one missing tooth permanently.

These membrane tears occurred while placing bone meal through the window cut on the lateral wall of the sinus may cause the bone meal to spread and disperse into the sinus and to accumulate in a region where the bone meal cannot mix with blood, and avoid bone formation.

Even in the successful operations, the two processes of placing an implant and sinus lift operations cannot be performed simultaneously. It is required to wait for approximately 6 months after the sinus lift operations for bone formation. This causes the patient to have an operation again and again, and even if everything is going well, the treatment period exceeds one year.

On the other hand, since the operation requires additional materials consisting of several steps, the total cost thereof is pretty high. Especially the price of bone meal is really high and this increases the operational costs -by overshadowing the implant costs .

In addition to these problems experienced in the sinus lift operation which is only one of the processes performed for implants, the patient may encounter many problems when bone formation or thickening is not achieved and implant is applied directly. Because of the resorption occurred after the tooth is pulled out, the sinus floor collapses or the outer edges of the bone melts. These conditions restrict the length of the implant to be applied to the region. As the short implants have low surface area bonding with the bone, collapses occur when load is applied thereon.

In the conventional implant applications, filled and thickening drill bits are applied respectively in order to open a hole inside the bone. The drill bits are applied respectively starting from the thinnest (1 - 1.5 mm) drill bit and thickening until reaching the adequate width. Meanwhile, cooling liquid with physiological saline solution is sent to the region in order to prevent the bone from overheating. For this reason, thin chips created on the bone is mixed in this liquid and drawn out the mouth and generally become waste.

Objects of the Invention The object of the invention is to develop a special implant which will bring a solution to implant application problems caused by the very thin nature of the bone under the sinus floor in the upper jaw and to apply a special method for using this implant.

Another object of the invention is to reduce the operation costs and to shorten the period of treatment .

Another object of the invention is to provide bone formation without requiring using graft material known as bone meal.

Still another object of the invention is to minimize the complications developed during the treatment by eliminating the problem of adding synthetic material into the body from the outside.

Another object of the invention is to ensure that the operation is carried out without any risk by eliminating the risk of tearing the sinus membrane.

Another object of the invention is to increase the implant surface contacting with the bone and the gum thanks to the long implant used and thus to allow the implant to be used for a longer time.

Yet another object of the invention is to bring solution to the situation where the patients have long and painful operations and to reduce the risks likely to be experienced by the patient. Another object of the invention is to provide possibility of an easier use and application for the people and doctors applying the implant.

Description of the Figures

Figure 1. The view of implant Figure 2. The view of drill bit Figure 3. The view of container

Figure 4. Positioning of the drill bit before applying the sinus lift operation

Figure 5. Positioning of the drill bit during applying the sinus lift operation

Figure 6. Positioning of the drill bit after applying the sinus lift operation

Figure 7. The combined view of the container and the bone

Figure 8. The combined view of the bone and the implant Figure 9. The view before the sinus cavity is crushed by means of osteotome

Figure 10. The view where the implant is being placed into the sinus cavity

Figure 11. The view of the operation when completed as soon as the implant is placed into the sinus cavity

The parts shown in the above figures are numbered individually, and the part names corresponding to these numbers are given below;

1. Implant

1.1. Implant body

1.2. Implant tip-

1.3. Grade

2. Drill bit

2.1. Cutting cylinder

2.2. Drilling bit

3. Container 3.1. Protrusion 4. Sinus floor

5. Bone block

6. Osteotome

Description of the Invention

The implant apparatus according to the invention consists of three main parts: an implant (1), a drill bit (2), and a container (3) .

The invention is an implant apparatus consisting of a one-piece implant (1) which is constituted with the combination of two cylindrical structures with different diameters wherein the diameter of the lower cylinder is relatively smaller than that of the upper cylinder, has an entirely-grooved outer surface which will fit into the bone by rotating, and comprises a cylindrical implant body (1.1) which is fixed both to the implant and the bone part taken out by being screwed to the hole bored in the bone, thickens upward from the tip thereof that is stuck into the sinus, and into which the abutment is screwed, wherein the prosthesis will fit onto the abutment; a cylindrical implant tip (1.2) which is attached by being screwed into the bone that will be taken out by means of the empty drill bit from the region to which the implant will be applied, and thus allows the bone taken out to be fixed to the implant, has a smaller diameter when compared to the upper part, and gets thinner downward from the body; and a grade (1.3) where the diameter change between the cylindrical body and tip starts; a drill bit (2) which consists of two engaged cylinders wherein it comprises a cutting cylinder (2.1) which will separate the block bone such that it will create the implant hole in the bone by separating the block .bone, and a drilling bit (2.2) which projects from the center of this empty cylinder and prepares the hole into which the implant tip will be inserted by means of the bit contained thereon, and the outer part of which is sharpened so as to cut the bone; and a container (3) which comprises at least one protrusion (3.1) that can be located on the floor or the walls inside the container in order to prevent the bone from rotating inside the container when the block bone taken out is placed into the container, in which the bone taken out and the implant are placed, and which has a diameter compatible with the drill bit.

The cutting cylinder (2.1) of the drill bit (2) can be in various lengths and variable ^'diameters. The length and diameter properties thereof vary depending on the bone thickness or height.

The edges of cutting cylinder (2.1) and drilling bit (2.2) which contact with the bone will be sharp.

The container (3) can be made of different materials so as to have various diameters and depths. Likewise, this container (3) where the bone is prepared will be a single-use container and will be made of sterilizable material.

The protrusions (3.1) which are disposed inside the container (3) and allow the bone to be' fixed can be provided all along the floor or along one edge of the container (3) . Furthermore, these protrusions (3.1) can come in various geometrical shapes.

The hole where the prosthesis and the implant body (1.1) will be combined can have a round, elliptical, triangular, quadrangular, pentagonal, hexagonal, octagonal or any other shape known.

When the implant (1) is placed to the jaw, the part inside the bone is the implant body (1.1) which has a cylindrical form with a relatively wider diameter. The part placed into the sinus cavity is, on the other hand, the cylindrical implant tip (1.2) which is relatively thin and gets thinner downward^■ from the body.

In order for the implant apparatus according to the invention to be applied to the patient; the cutting cylinder (2.1), a part of the drill bit (2), is deployed towards the sinus floor (4) by rotating as seen in Figure 4 and stuck into the bone as seen in Figure 5. the drilling bit (2.2) at the center of the cutting cylinder (2.1), on the other hand, bores the hole, inside the bone, into which the implant tip (1.1) will fit and takes out the bone therein as a block (5) for the process of boring a hole, the bone block (5) which is taken out by means of a cutting cylinder (2.1) from the bone the middle of which is bored is directly put into the container (3) with the same diameter, when the bone block (5) is simultaneously pressed into the container (3), it is trapped thanks to the protrusions (3.1) inside the container (3), the drill bit (2) is pulled back, and the bone block (5) is placed inside the container (3) as seen in Figure 7, the protrusion on the tip (1.1) of the implant (1) with smaller diameter is screwed to the hole bored by means of the drilling bit (2.2) inside the bone block (5) and the implant (1) is integrated with the container (3) as one-piece as seen in Figure 8. as seen in Figure 9, the osteotome (6) is placed into the hole from which the bone block (5) is taken out and the sinus floor (4) is crushed by means of a hammer, the container (3) and the implant (1) block integrated as one-piece is screwed after being placed into the hole bored inside the bone and extending towards the sinus cavity as seen in Figure 10.

Again thanks to the implant design according to the invention, the sinus lift operation carried out with the patient's own bone will produce result more rapidly. For, the patient's own bone which is not used and goes to waste in other techniques can be used for the recovery of the patient with the help of the implant according to the invention and the other elements in the system. Hence, the recovery period gets shorter and a more long-lasting and permanent application will be provided as there are much more biological elements on the implant tip. On the other hand, a hole having the same diameter with the implant will be bored only in the region where the implant will be applied so it will not be necessary to bore a large hole through the sinus lateral wall into the patient's skull. Thus, the patient will be protected against any infection and other possible problems.

Thanks to the invention, the operation which typically takes almost 1 hour will be completed within 15 minutes which will provide a great advantage in terms of both patient comfort and risks. In this manner, use of said implant and technique will make the operation easier; not only the operation will be more practical for the doctor but also it will provide a great convenience in terms of patient tolerance.

The bone which will be taken out with the same thickness as the implant (1) by means of the cutting cylinder (2.1) can be directly used for new bone formation inside the sinus in the sinus operation. In this manner, the bone taken out while placing the implant can be used without wasting any. Since the bone taken from the patient himself/herself is the most suitable biological material for him/her and fuses within the shortest time as scientifically proven, said bone can safely be used in the patient within the invention.

Claims

1. An implant apparatus, characterized in consisting of a one-piece implant (1) which is constituted with the combination of two cylindrical structures with different diameters wherein the diameter of the lower cylinder is relatively smaller than that of the upper cylinder, has an entirely-grooved outer surface which will fit into the bone by rotating, and comprises a cylindrical implant body (1.1) which is fixed both to the implant and the bone part taken out by being screwed to the hole bored in the bone, into which the abutment is screwed, wherein the prosthesis will fit onto the abutment, and which is relatively thicker when compared to the implant tip (1.2); a cylindrical implant tip (1.2) which is attached by being screwed into the bone that will be taken out by means of the empty drill. bit from the region to which the implant will be applied, and thus allows the bone taken out to be fixed to the implant, has a smaller diameter when compared to the upper part, and gets thinner downward from the body; and a grade (1.3) where the diameter change between the cylindrical body and tip starts; a drill bit (2) which consists of two engaged cylinders wherein it comprises a cutting cylinder (2.1) which will separate the block bone such that it will create the implant hole in the bone by separating the block bone, and a drilling bit (2.2) which projects from the center of this empty cylinder and prepares the hole into which the implant tip will be inserted by means of the bit contained thereon, and the outer part of which is sharpened so as to cut the bone; and a container (3) which comprises at least one protrusion (3.1) that can be located on the floor or the walls inside the container in orde'r to prevent the bone from rotating inside the container when the block bone taken out is placed into the container, in which the bone taken out and the implant are placed, and which has a diameter compatible with the drill bit.

2. The cutting cylinder (2.1) as in Claim 1, characterized in that it can be disposed on the drill bit (2) with various lengths and variable diameters depending on the bone thickness or height.

3. The container (3) as in Claim 1, characterized in that it can have various diameters and depths.

4. The container (3) as in Claim 1, characterized in that it is made of sterilizable materials.

5. The protrusions (3.1) as in Claim 1, characterized in that they can be placed all along the floor of the container (3) or all along one side of the container (3) .

6. The protrusions (3.1) as in Claim 1, characterized in that they can have various geometrical forms.

7. The implant body (1.1) as in Claim 1, characterized in that the hole where said implant body and the prosthesis will be combined may have a round, elliptical, triangular, quadrangular, pentagonal, hexagonal, octagonal or another geometrical shape known.