WO2015086940A1 - Pre-composting drum - Google Patents
Pre-composting drum Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015086940A1 WO2015086940A1 PCT/FR2014/052986 FR2014052986W WO2015086940A1 WO 2015086940 A1 WO2015086940 A1 WO 2015086940A1 FR 2014052986 W FR2014052986 W FR 2014052986W WO 2015086940 A1 WO2015086940 A1 WO 2015086940A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- drum
- hearing
- rotation
- movable shutter
- waste
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/921—Devices in which the material is conveyed essentially horizontally between inlet and discharge means
- C05F17/929—Cylinders or drums
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
- C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
- C05F17/979—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being gaseous
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K3/00—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing
- F16K3/02—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with flat sealing faces; Packings therefor
- F16K3/04—Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with flat sealing faces; Packings therefor with pivoted closure members
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of pre-composting, especially rotary pre-composting drums also called rotary reactors and hereinafter referred to as concise drum.
- a drum has a generally cylindrical shape. It is configured to be supplied with at least partially organic materials, for example household waste or sludge, hereinafter referred to as "waste", and typically allows separation of the organic fractions from the inorganic fractions of the waste. This separation is also called “pre-treatment” of the waste because it is often prior to a fermentation process (for example a composting) or prior to a process of anaerobic digestion of the organic fractions of said waste.
- pre-treatment of the waste because it is often prior to a fermentation process (for example a composting) or prior to a process of anaerobic digestion of the organic fractions of said waste.
- a helix or an internal form of helical type at least input makes it possible to mechanically advance the waste from the inlet end to the outlet end by the single rotation of the drum.
- the residence time of the waste depends in particular on the length of the drum, the possible inclination of the axis of rotation, the speed of rotation and the shape of the inner wall.
- the length and the diameter of the drum are chosen according to the desired residence time of the waste to be processed and the speed of rotation. For example some drums are several tens of meters long and a few meters in diameter.
- the feed and the waste extraction are carried out so as to have a filling rate of the drum approximately constant over time.
- the drum must not be filled completely with the waste in order to leave an oxygenated gas mixture, in this case air, in contact with said waste.
- the volume of waste is therefore less than the internal volume of the drum, so as to leave a certain amount of oxygen available for the degradation of the waste.
- an exit hatch can be opened to allow the extraction of a given volume of waste at an output flow, and then closed after this extraction.
- the output rate may be different from the input rate.
- the output of the drum can be connected to a device for the separation of solid waste.
- the drum can be equipped with a device for watering waste.
- the ends of the drum are closed by the inlet and outlet hatches, also called valves, which are generally impervious to at least odors.
- the organic matter degrades in the drum by fermentation and generates malodorous volatile molecules (VOCs, mercaptans, H2S, etc.) which generally require a suitable treatment device connected to the drum.
- the drum In operation, the drum is rotated about its axis of rotation, for example of the order of a few revolutions / minute.
- the axis of rotation of the drum may be horizontal or slightly inclined.
- the opening of the exit hatch or the inlet hatch makes it possible to ventilate a drum, which also avoids putting it under overpressure, but such ventilation is not controlled and can only be implemented for waste that does not generate malodorous volatile molecules.
- the present invention aims to solve this problem.
- the present invention provides a drum whose aeration, ie ventilation or extraction of air, can be controlled.
- the invention relates to a pre-composting drum comprising a main body, an inlet flap, an exit hatch, and optionally a feed chute.
- a device for selective sealing by hearing for selectively discovering or covering said hearing.
- a cowling can be provided mounted in the upper part of the drum.
- a device for extracting the gases contained in the main body can be provided.
- the selective closure device comprises a flange inserted into a hearing and a movable shutter mounted on the flange.
- the flange comprises a support, and the support comprises at least one stop for limiting the rotation of the movable shutter.
- a fixed guide can be provided which locally matches the shape of the external face of said drum.
- the guide is discontinuous and is in the form of guide portions, each guide portion being configured to, alternatively, pivot the movable shutter in the open or closed position, by contact between the guide and the closure device selective.
- the ventilation device comprises a fan integral in rotation of the drum, a blowing orifice mounted on the flange of a hearing and a movable valve integrated in the fan.
- FIG. 1A illustrates an embodiment of a drum according to the invention, seen in longitudinal section
- FIG. 1B illustrates a cross section along the plane AA of the drum of FIG. 1A
- FIG. 2A illustrates another embodiment of a drum according to the invention, seen in longitudinal section
- FIG. 2B illustrates a cross section along the plane BB of the drum of FIG. 2A
- FIG. 2C illustrates a cross-section of another embodiment of a drum according to the invention
- FIG. 3A illustrates an embodiment of a selective closure device according to the invention in the open position
- FIG. 3B illustrates the selective closure device of FIG. 3A in the closed position
- FIG. 4 illustrates, from top to bottom, the passage from a closed position to an open position and the return to a closed position of a hearing on a drum according to the invention
- a drum 10 comprises a substantially cylindrical main body 11, an inlet flap 12, in this case mounted on a feed chute 14, and an outlet flap 13.
- the rotation of the drum is for example ensured by a gear 11_1 ( Figure 6).
- Waste 19 is introduced 100 into the drum 10 through the inlet hatch 12.
- the height of the waste in the drum 10 at the outlet hatch 13 is greater than the height of the outlet hatch 13, so that the opening of the hatch does not generate a call for air, and that the air possibly blown at this end by means of ventilation (see the embodiment described below) can not exit through the outlet hatch 13.
- the drum 10 may also comprise a cowling 15, mounted in the upper part of said drum 10, that is to say in the upper part of the horizontal plane passing through the axis of rotation of the drum 10, and disposed towards the outlet end , ie between the middle of the drum 10 and the exit end of the drum 10.
- the inner shape of the cowling 15 matches the outer shape of the drum 10.
- the cowling has an annular internal shape .
- the drum 10 further comprises at least one lug 16.
- a lug 16 is a recess, or through-hole, of the main body 11.
- a lug 16 is rotationally integral with the drum 10.
- the injection of air by a given ventilation device 17 is controlled.
- the air is injected when said ventilation device 17 is not in contact with the waste, that is to say when it is in the upper part of the drum 10.
- a ventilation device 17 per lug 16 there is provided a ventilation device 17 per lug 16.
- At least one of said ventilation devices 17 is always out of contact with the waste, which can allow continuous ventilation.
- the ventilation device 17 and the extraction device 18 make it possible to generate a flow of air in contact with the waste in the drum 10. In order for a maximum amount of waste to be in contact with this airflow, it is preferable that the ventilation device 17 is arranged near one end of the drum 10 and the extraction device 18 is arranged near the other end of the drum 10.
- a device for selectively closing the gills to discover a given hearing in the open position and cover the hearing in the closed position, two embodiments of which are described below.
- FIGURE 1A may advantageously be entirely mechanical, and has the advantage of not necessarily having a fan or extractor which is integral in rotation with the drum 10.
- a selective shutter device 160 allows to discover (open) or cover (close) selectively each hearing. It comprises a flange 161 and a movable shutter 162.
- the flange 161 is inserted into a hearing.
- it comprises a main body 161_1 provided with a recess which has a shape that cooperates locally with that of the hearing and through which the air can be ventilated or extracted from the drum.
- the flange has a main body of tubular shape whose outer diameter is equal to the diameter of the hearing, and whose height is greater than or equal to the thickness of the drum 10.
- the flange advantageously comprises a support 161_2, connected to the main body.
- the support comprises at least one stop 163 for limiting the rotation of the movable shutter 162.
- the movable shutter 162 advantageously comprises a contact element 164, configured to come into contact with a guide rail described below.
- a contact element having a rotational symmetry shape whose axis of symmetry is parallel to the axis of rotation of the movable shutter.
- the contact element is rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation parallel to the axis of rotation of the movable shutter.
- the contact element 164 is a rolling roller rotatable about an axis of rotation parallel to the axis of rotation of the movable shutter.
- the guide is fixed, that is to say not movable and not integral with the rotation of the drum, disposed at the periphery thereof and which locally matches the shape of the outer face of the drum.
- the guide is disposed in the cowling 15.
- each guide portion is configured to alternately rotate the movable shutter to the open or closed position.
- Each portion of a guide includes a main branch
- FIG. 4 is a planar projection of 3 successive ears and illustrates, from top to bottom, the rotation of the movable shutter and the passage from a closed position (at the top of FIG. 4) to an open position (in the middle of figure), and the return to the closed position (bottom of the figure).
- the straight line in dash-dots illustrates the radial arrangement of the gills.
- the movable shutter is in the closed position, the roller 164 is in contact with a side face of the secondary branch 40_12 of a first guide portion 40_1 whose shape allows to rotate the l mobile shutter.
- the rotation of the drum causes rotation of the roller 164 along the secondary branch 40_12 and rotates the movable shutter 162 about its axis 162_R, which is illustrated by the arrow.
- the roller 164 follows the guide 40_1 and comes into contact with the same side face of the main branch 40_1 of the first guide portion in the middle of Figure 4, which brings the movable shutter in the open position .
- the shape of the main branch 40_11 of the first guide portion 40_1 keeps the moving shutter in position, in this case open.
- the roller 164 With the rotation of the drum, the roller 164 then passes (bottom of Figure 4) in contact with the secondary branch 40_13 of a second guide portion 40_2, the shape of which rotates the movable shutter to bring it into position closed.
- the shape of the main branch 40_11 of the second guide portion 40_2 keeps the moving shutter in position, in this case closed.
- the side face of the secondary branch of the first guide portion is opposed to the side face of the secondary branch of the second guide portion.
- the guide acts as a cam and the roller acts as a cam follower.
- the only rotation of the drum allows to open and close gills mechanically.
- a return element such as a spring for returning the movable shutter from the open to closed position or vice versa.
- a return spring mounted between a movable shutter and the flange on which it is mounted.
- the fan 17 is configured to inject air into the drum 10 through a blast port 171.
- a blast port 171 Preferably, it is positioned near the drum inlet flap.
- it is positioned downstream of the inlet flap 12 in the direction of travel of the waste and preferably close to the inlet end of the drum 10 to limit the pressure drops in the feed chute 14.
- the drum is configured so that in operation the blower orifice 17 is positioned above the mass of the waste 19 in the drum 10, so as not to send air directly into the mass of the drum. waste and limit the risk of clogging the fan.
- the fan is immobile, that is to say not integral with the rotation of the drum 10. In this case it is mounted in the feed chute 14.
- the fan is integral with the rotation of the drum 10.
- the fan blowing orifice is mounted on a louver 16 by means of a flange system 172.
- the device for selectively closing the gills comprises a movable flap (not shown) integrated in the fan 17. Default , the valve is in the closed position. Activation of the fan switches the valve from the closed position to the open position. The fan stop switches the valve from the open position to the closed position.
- a return element in this case a spring, may be provided to return the movable valve to the closed position.
- the extractor 18 is immobile, positioned at the outlet of the drum 10 and comprises at least one extraction orifice 181, intended to be closer to the outer face of the drum, therefore gills.
- a plurality of extraction orifices 181 can be provided, making it possible to extract air through a plurality of orifices, possibly simultaneously.
- the extractor 18 is connected to the cowling 15, said cowling 15 comprising at least one extraction orifice 181 ( Figure 1B).
- the extractor 18 makes it possible to channel the flow of air in the drum and to prevent the smelly odors emerge through the feed chute 14 when opening the inlet flap 12.
- the extractor 18 is optional. In particular, depending on the waste, there may be no need for gas treatment and extraction system. In this case, the pressure generated by the fan 17 may be sufficient for the air to escape at the opening of an opening or the opening of the exit hatch.
- the operation of the extractor 18 may be continuous or slaved to the opening of the openings. In particular, it is possible to provide an extraction orifice 181 by means of a lug 16. It is possible to provide a gas treatment system, connected in particular to the extractor 18 or to the louvers 16.
- the air flow generated in the drum is in the opposite direction to the direction of travel of the waste.
- Each hearing 16 is connected to a respective fan 17.
- Each fan 17 may be equipped with a movable valve integrated in the fan, as described above.
- the gills and the associated fans are arranged towards the outlet end.
- the fans are arranged upstream of the outlet hatch 13 in the direction of travel of the waste and preferably close to the outlet end of the drum 10.
- the fan 17 is preferably operated only when it is at the top of the drum 10, that is to say without contact with the mass of waste 19 of the drum 10.
- the angular position of a hearing 16 can be determined for example by a position sensor, in this case an induction sensor, a mechanical sensor or an optical sensor, internal or external to the drum.
- a position sensor in this case an induction sensor, a mechanical sensor or an optical sensor, internal or external to the drum.
- an immobile induction sensor for example disposed on the cowling 15
- the passage of a hearing 16 or the fan 17 modifies the measured induction it is then deduced that the hearing 16 or the fan 17 is opposite the sensor.
- it is preferably provided to arrange them in a radial symmetry.
- a grid is disposed between a given fan 17 and the hearing 16 to which it is connected.
- the de-clogging of a hearing 16 is provided by the implementation of its fan 17. It can further be provided that it emit a jet of air regularly. With a fan 17 equipped with a valve, it can be provided that the pressure of the air jet emitted is sufficient to swing the valve from the closed position to the open position, the stop of the air jet bringing the valve in the closed position. for example by means of return means, for example a spring. As before, the operation of the non-continuous fan 17 is preferably provided. It is also possible to provide an extractor 18.
- the extractor 18 is advantageously immobile, positioned at the inlet of the drum 10 and comprises an extraction orifice 181. In this case, the extractor 18 is connected to the feed chute 14. The air is blown by the fan 17 into the drum
- the blowing at the outlet of the drum 10 makes it possible to dry the waste, to reduce the humidity contained therein, which is particularly advantageous for very high-level waste or to limit any problems of clogging the waste downstream of the drum 10.
- the waste brought into the drum inlet is wet and dries during their residence time in the drum.
- the waste output of the drum is drier than those at the drum inlet.
- the fan is disposed toward the drum outlet, there is less ventilation energy required to dry the waste than in the first embodiment, the drying is better for the same. ventilation energy.
- an extractor 18 it is simpler to arrange it so that it is not integral in rotation with the drum.
- the drum is equipped with means, for example optical, to determine the angular position of the gills, so that, in a controlled operation, the open or closed position of the movable shutter of a given hearing can be enslaved. at the angular position thereof.
- the movable shutter is in the open position when the hearing is in the cowling 15 or out of contact with the waste 19, and in the closed position when the hearing is outside the cowling 15 or in contact with the waste 19.
- the present solution improves the aerobic fermentation of the waste in the drum 10 by optimizing the amount of air therein. This improvement is valid not only during the day but even more at night by preventing the drum 10 from going into anaerobic mode.
- the extractor 18 makes it possible to channel the gaseous flow and then to treat it at the outlet of the drum 10 more easily.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1606982.5A GB2536579B (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2014-11-21 | Pre-composting drum |
DE112014005681.2T DE112014005681T5 (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2014-11-21 | Vorrottetrommel |
AU2014363278A AU2014363278B2 (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2014-11-21 | Pre-composting drum |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1362531A FR3014868B1 (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2013-12-12 | PRE-COMPOSTING DRUM |
FR1362531 | 2013-12-12 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2015086940A1 true WO2015086940A1 (en) | 2015-06-18 |
Family
ID=50489225
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2014/052986 WO2015086940A1 (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2014-11-21 | Pre-composting drum |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU2014363278B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE112014005681T5 (en) |
FR (1) | FR3014868B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2536579B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015086940A1 (en) |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR799416A (en) * | 1935-03-12 | 1936-06-12 | Fr Des Tubes Pnecmatiques Soc | Tight closing valve |
US4353524A (en) * | 1979-12-13 | 1982-10-12 | Agri-Flex, Inc. | Fluid control gate |
JPS6073174A (en) * | 1983-09-28 | 1985-04-25 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Supercharger cutoff valve |
WO1997012031A1 (en) * | 1995-09-26 | 1997-04-03 | Young Richard N | Method and apparatus for closed loop air circulation composting with an external air manifold |
US6089537A (en) * | 1999-06-23 | 2000-07-18 | Mks Instruments, Inc. | Pendulum valve assembly |
FR2832780A1 (en) * | 2001-11-23 | 2003-05-30 | Bruaysienne | Rotating composting drum has air holes, fitted with valve plate assemblies, which are opened and closed as wheels ride against an external ramp to push the plate open and return springs close the plate after the ramp |
US20040256591A1 (en) * | 2003-06-19 | 2004-12-23 | Vat Holding Ag | Regulating slide valve |
EP1640445A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-29 | Vinci Environnement | Drum for an installation for aerobic fermentation of waste |
WO2006111026A1 (en) * | 2005-04-20 | 2006-10-26 | International Composting Corporation | Multi-staged composting |
US20090084997A1 (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-04-02 | Lee Kenneth Kl | Pendulum vacuum gate valve |
-
2013
- 2013-12-12 FR FR1362531A patent/FR3014868B1/en active Active
-
2014
- 2014-11-21 DE DE112014005681.2T patent/DE112014005681T5/en active Pending
- 2014-11-21 AU AU2014363278A patent/AU2014363278B2/en active Active
- 2014-11-21 GB GB1606982.5A patent/GB2536579B/en active Active
- 2014-11-21 WO PCT/FR2014/052986 patent/WO2015086940A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR799416A (en) * | 1935-03-12 | 1936-06-12 | Fr Des Tubes Pnecmatiques Soc | Tight closing valve |
US4353524A (en) * | 1979-12-13 | 1982-10-12 | Agri-Flex, Inc. | Fluid control gate |
JPS6073174A (en) * | 1983-09-28 | 1985-04-25 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Supercharger cutoff valve |
WO1997012031A1 (en) * | 1995-09-26 | 1997-04-03 | Young Richard N | Method and apparatus for closed loop air circulation composting with an external air manifold |
US6089537A (en) * | 1999-06-23 | 2000-07-18 | Mks Instruments, Inc. | Pendulum valve assembly |
FR2832780A1 (en) * | 2001-11-23 | 2003-05-30 | Bruaysienne | Rotating composting drum has air holes, fitted with valve plate assemblies, which are opened and closed as wheels ride against an external ramp to push the plate open and return springs close the plate after the ramp |
US20040256591A1 (en) * | 2003-06-19 | 2004-12-23 | Vat Holding Ag | Regulating slide valve |
EP1640445A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-29 | Vinci Environnement | Drum for an installation for aerobic fermentation of waste |
WO2006111026A1 (en) * | 2005-04-20 | 2006-10-26 | International Composting Corporation | Multi-staged composting |
US20090084997A1 (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-04-02 | Lee Kenneth Kl | Pendulum vacuum gate valve |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2014363278B2 (en) | 2019-05-16 |
GB2536579A (en) | 2016-09-21 |
FR3014868A1 (en) | 2015-06-19 |
DE112014005681T5 (en) | 2016-10-13 |
AU2014363278A1 (en) | 2016-05-19 |
GB2536579B (en) | 2021-04-14 |
FR3014868B1 (en) | 2017-12-08 |
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