WO2015074403A1 - 一种高速气浮电主轴 - Google Patents

一种高速气浮电主轴 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2015074403A1
WO2015074403A1 PCT/CN2014/079290 CN2014079290W WO2015074403A1 WO 2015074403 A1 WO2015074403 A1 WO 2015074403A1 CN 2014079290 W CN2014079290 W CN 2014079290W WO 2015074403 A1 WO2015074403 A1 WO 2015074403A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
bearing
floating
passage
shaft
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/079290
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
汤秀清
Original Assignee
广州市昊志机电股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司 filed Critical 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司
Publication of WO2015074403A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015074403A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
    • B23Q11/1015—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work by supplying a cutting liquid through the spindle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/12—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine
    • B23Q11/126—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine for cooling only
    • B23Q11/127—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine for cooling only for cooling motors or spindles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a precision machining spindle in a numerically controlled machine tool, and more particularly to a high speed air floating electric spindle. Background technique
  • the air-floating main shaft is a new type of sliding bearing mechanism that uses a high-speed airflow to form a thin film between the rotating shaft and the bearing, and uses this as a lubricant to realize high-speed rotation of the rotating shaft, which has low viscosity and high temperature resistance. It has no pollution, so it is used more and more in CNC machine tools to process various parts.
  • a spindle has a very high rotational speed and a long working time. Under such working conditions, the problem is that the machine generates severe heat, which easily causes deformation of the shaft and the bearing, thereby affecting the machining accuracy and reducing the stability of the spindle work. Shorten its service life.
  • a spindle with a water cooling system has been designed, such as the invention patent of Chinese Patent Application No.: 200610124264, which discloses an air-floating high-speed electric spindle which is provided with a water cooling system on the body to achieve cooling of the rotating shaft. effect.
  • the water cooling system used in the above patent cannot directly act on the rotating shaft and the bearing, and the cooling efficiency is relatively low; and the water passage in the water cooling system is complicated and difficult to process, thereby increasing the manufacturing cost.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a high-speed air floating electric main.
  • the shaft has the characteristics of easy processing and high cooling efficiency, thus ensuring the advantages of better stability and higher precision of the electric spindle.
  • a high-speed air-floating electric spindle comprises a body, a stator, an upper air bearing, a lower air bearing, a shaft core and a fixed shaft, wherein the stator is fixed inside the body, and the upper air bearing and the lower air bearing are respectively installed on a rotor coupled to the stator is fixed on the upper and lower sides of the stator, and the shaft core is disposed in an axial through hole formed by the stator, the upper air bearing and the lower air bearing, and the fixed shaft is disposed on the shaft
  • the core, the upper air bearing and the lower air bearing are provided with a connecting gas passage for the axial core and the upper and lower air bearing
  • a gas film for suspending the core is formed between the contact faces;
  • a cooling water passage penetrating the upper and lower surfaces of the fixed shaft is disposed in the fixed shaft, and the cooling is provided between the outer surface of the fixed shaft and the inner surface of the shaft core
  • a cooling gap in which the water passage communicates, the cooling gap is closed at the top, and the
  • a thrust bearing disposed under the lower air bearing is further disposed, and an annular support portion is protruded outwardly from the lower sidewall of the core, and the support portion extends between the lower air bearing and the thrust bearing.
  • the gas transmission passage includes a main passage disposed in a side wall of the machine body, an upper air floating passage provided inside the upper air bearing, a lower air floating passage disposed inside the lower air bearing, and a inside of the thrust bearing.
  • the upper air floating channel, the lower air floating channel and the thrust air floating channel are all connected with the main channel, and the upper air floating channel, the lower air floating channel and the thrust air floating channel are all provided with a guiding core Damping holes on the outer surface.
  • the main channel is disposed in the sidewall of the body and penetrates the body along the axial direction;
  • the upper air floating channel includes a first annular air guiding groove and a plurality of first axis guiding air pipes distributed on a circumference of the first annular air guiding groove;
  • the lower air floating channel includes a second annular air guiding groove and is distributed on a plurality of second axis guiding air pipes on the circumference of the second annular air guiding groove;
  • the thrust air floating channel includes a third annular air guiding groove and a plurality of first radial guiding wires distributed on the circumference of the third annular air guiding groove trachea.
  • the upper and lower end portions of the first shaft guiding air tube and the second shaft guiding air tube are respectively provided with radial damping holes that open to the outer surface of the shaft core; and the second shaft is further provided with a second end at the lower end of the air tube a radial air guiding tube, the second radial air guiding tube is provided with an axial damping hole leading to the upper surface of the shaft core supporting portion; the first radial air guiding tube of the thrust bearing is provided with a lower surface leading to the shaft core supporting portion Axial damping hole.
  • the axial damping holes leading to the core support portion are provided in at least two rows in the radial direction.
  • the cooling water passage includes a main cooling water passage and a secondary cooling water passage, and the auxiliary cooling water passage communicates with the cooling gap through the water spray hole.
  • the lower end of the fixed shaft is provided with an outlet pipe that communicates with the main cooling water passage, and the outlet pipe extends from the lower end surface of the shaft core, and a cone surface is arranged at the lower end surface of the shaft core near the fixed shaft, the tapered surface and the fixed shaft.
  • the lower end surface forms a receiving cavity, and the receiving cavity is connected to the lower portion of the cooling gap and communicates with the outside through a gap between the water outlet pipe and the shaft core.
  • a high-speed air-floating electric spindle of the present invention has a cooling water passage disposed in a fixed shaft, and continuously sprays cooling water to the inner wall of the shaft core during operation, and the cooling water further fills the cooling gap to continue the shaft core. Cooling, to achieve the purpose of lowering the core temperature, the cooling gap has a simple structure, is easy to process, and the cooling water is directly in contact with the shaft core, and the cooling efficiency is high. This ensures that the electric spindle has better stability and higher precision.
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a high-speed air-floating electric spindle of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of another high-speed air-floating electric spindle of the present invention (in order to facilitate the clear display of the internal structure, the fixed shaft is removed);
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the thrust bearing A of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the fixed shaft and the shaft core of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a high-speed air floating electric spindle, and a preferred embodiment thereof includes a body 10, a stator 21, and an upper air.
  • Thrust bearing 60 and fixed shaft 70 are
  • the stator 21 is fixed inside the machine body 10, the upper air bearing 30 and the lower air bearing 40 is fixedly disposed above and below the stator 21, the thrust bearing 60 is located below the lower air bearing 40, and the rotor core 50 is fixed with a rotor 22 matched with the stator 21, and the core 50 is disposed on the stator 21 and In the axial through hole formed between the air bearing 30, the lower air bearing 40 and the thrust bearing 60, specifically, the lower side wall of the core 50 protrudes outwardly from the annular support portion 51, and the support portion 51 extends into the The lower air bearing 40 is between the thrust bearing 60 and the thrust bearing 60.
  • the body 10, the upper air bearing 30, the lower air bearing 40 and the thrust bearing 60 are provided with a connecting gas passage.
  • the rotating shaft can be suspended.
  • the main passage 11 is disposed in the side wall of the body 10 and penetrates the body 10 along the axial direction;
  • the passage, the lower air floating passage and the thrust air floating passage are all connected with the main passage 11, and the upper air floating passage, the lower air floating passage and the thrust air floating passage are provided with a damping hole leading to the outer surface of the shaft core 50, and the air flow is from These orifices are sprayed on the outer surface of the core 50 to form the gas film between the core 50 and the bearing.
  • the upper air floating channel includes a first annular air guiding groove 31 and a plurality of first axis guiding air pipes 32 distributed on the circumference of the first annular air guiding groove 31;
  • the lower air floating channel includes a second ring An air guiding groove 41 and a plurality of second axis guiding air pipes 42 distributed on the circumference of the second annular air guiding groove 41;
  • the thrust air floating channel includes a third annular air guiding groove 61 and distributed on the third annular air guiding groove a plurality of first radial air ducts 62 on the circumference of the slot 61;
  • the upper and lower end portions of the first shaft guide air tube 32 and the second shaft guide air tube 42 are respectively provided with radial damping holes 361 leading to the outer surface of the shaft core 50;
  • the lower end of the second shaft guide air tube 42 is further provided a second radial air guiding tube 43 extending outwardly, the second radial air guiding tube 43 is provided with an axial damping hole 362 leading
  • the fixed shaft 70 is disposed in the shaft core 50 and fixed to the body 10.
  • the fixed shaft 70 is provided with a cooling water passage 71 extending through the upper and lower surfaces of the fixed shaft 70.
  • the auxiliary side of the cooling water passage 711 a cooling water passage 712 that communicates with the cooling gap 75 through the water spray hole 72; the outer surface of the fixed shaft 70 is closed to the top of the gap 75 of the shaft core 50, and the lower portion is opened, specifically,
  • the lower end of the fixed shaft 70 is provided with an outlet pipe 713.
  • the upper end of the outlet pipe 713 communicates with the main cooling water passage 711, and the lower end protrudes from the lower end surface of the shaft core 50.
  • the inside of the shaft core 50 is provided with a tapered surface near the lower end surface of the fixed shaft 70 ( The recessed surface and the lower end surface of the fixed shaft 70 form an accommodating cavity 73.
  • the accommodating cavity 73 is dog-coupled with the lower portion of the cooling gap 75, and the accommodating cavity 73 passes through the shaft core.
  • the gap between the lower portion 50 and the outer wall of the outlet pipe 713 communicates with the outside; in the working state, the cooling water is directly discharged from the outlet pipe 713 along the main cooling water passage 711, and the cutter installed under the electric spindle can be The components are cooled; the cooling water flows from the top to the bottom of the secondary cooling water passage 712.
  • the middle and lower sections of the outer surface of the fixed shaft 70 cut a layer of material to form a cylindrical IHJ groove (not shown), and the IHJ groove and the inner wall of the core 50 together form the cooling gap 75.
  • the water spray hole 72 is disposed between the bottom wall of the groove and the cooling water passage 71.
  • the cooling water is injected into the cooling gap 75 from the water spray hole 72, thereby filling the entire Cooling gap 75, for the purpose of cooling the core 50 and the fixed shaft 70; it is worth mentioning that the cooling gap 75 can also be formed by cutting a cylindrical groove on the inner wall of the core 50, or in the shaft The inner wall of the core 50 and the outer wall of the fixed shaft 70 are cut with grooves to form a cooling gap 75; the top of the cooling gap 75 is closed, and the design is for preventing the cooling water from leaking above the machine.
  • the axial damping holes 362 leading to the upper and lower surfaces of the support portion 51 of the shaft core 50 are provided with at least two rows along the radial direction.
  • two rows of axial damping holes 362 are provided (as shown in the figure).
  • the design of the multi-row damper hole can produce a gas film stiffness much larger than that of the single-row damper hole, thereby ensuring that the shaft core 50 obtains greater axial support force, and the upper and lower positions of the shaft core 50 are more controlled.
  • a high-speed air-floating electric spindle of the present invention disposes the cooling water passage 71 in the fixed shaft 70, and continuously sprays cooling water to the inner wall of the shaft core 50 during operation, and the cooling water further fills the cooling gap 75 to the shaft.
  • the core 50 is continuously cooled to achieve a reduction of the core 50
  • the cooling gap 75 is simple in structure, easy to process, and the cooling water is directly in contact with the shaft core 50, and the cooling efficiency is high, thereby ensuring better stability and higher precision of the electric spindle.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)

Abstract

一种高速气浮电主轴，包括机体（10）、定子（21）、上气浮轴承（30）、下气浮轴承（40）、轴芯（50）及定轴（70），机体、上气浮轴承和下气浮轴承上设有连通的输气通道，用于形成将轴芯悬浮的气膜，定轴内设有冷却水通道（71），定轴的外表面与轴芯的内表面之间设有与冷却水通道相连通的冷却间隙，冷却间隙顶部封闭，下部开口。

Description

一种高速气浮电主轴 技术领域
本发明涉及数控机床中的精密加工主轴，尤其涉及一种高速气浮 电主轴。 背景技术
气浮主轴是利用高速气流在转轴和轴承之间形成一层薄薄的气 膜， 并以此作为润滑剂实现转轴高速转动的一种新型滑动轴承机构， 其具有粘滞性小、 耐高温、 无污染的优点， 因而被越来越多的应用在 数控机床中， 对各种零部件进行加工处理。 一般的， 这种主轴的转速 极高、 工作时间长， 在这样的工作条件下， 带来的问题就是机器发热 严重， 容易造成转轴和轴承变形， 从而影响加工精度， 降低主轴工作 的稳定性，缩短其使用寿命。为此人们设计出带有水冷却系统的主轴， 如中国专利申请号： 200610124264 的发明专利， 公开了一种气浮高 速电主轴，其在机体上设有水冷却系统，从而达到给转轴降温的效果。 然而上述专利中使用的水冷却系统不能直接作用于转轴及轴承，其降 温效率比较低； 且该水冷却系统中的水通道比较复杂， 难于加工， 从 而增加了制造成本。 发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种高速气浮电主 轴， 其具有易加工、 冷却效率高的特点， 从而确保电主轴具有更好的 稳定性及更高精度的优点。
为实现上述目的， 本发明釆用如下技术方案：
一种高速气浮电主轴， 包括机体、 定子、 上气浮轴承、 下气浮轴 承、 轴芯及定轴， 所述定子固定于机体内部， 上气浮轴承和下气浮轴 承分别装设于定子的上下方， 轴芯上固定有与定子相配合的转子， 该 轴芯穿设于定子、上气浮轴承和下气浮轴承形成的轴向通孔内， 所述 定轴穿设于轴芯内并固定于机体上； 其中， 所述机体、 上气浮轴承和 下气浮轴承上设有连通的输气通道，该输气通道用于在所述轴芯与上、 下气浮轴承的接触面之间产生将该轴芯悬浮的气膜；所述定轴内设有 贯穿定轴上下表面的冷却水通道，定轴的外表面与轴芯的内表面之间 设有与该冷却水通道相连通的冷却间隙， 该冷却间隙顶部封闭， 下部 开口。
进一步地，还包括设于下气浮轴承下方的推力轴承， 所述轴芯下 部侧壁向外凸设有环形支撑部，该支撑部伸入于下气浮轴承与推力轴 承之间。
进一步地， 所述输气通道包括设于机体侧壁内的主通道、设于上 气浮轴承内部的上气浮通道、设于下气浮轴承内部的下气浮通道及设 于推力轴承内部的推力气浮通道， 该上气浮通道、 下气浮通道和推力 气浮通道均与主通道连通， 且该上气浮通道、 下气浮通道和推力气浮 通道均设有通向轴芯外表面的阻尼孔。
进一步地， 所述主通道分设于机体侧壁内并沿着轴向贯通机体； 所述上气浮通道包括第一环形导气槽及分布于该第一环形导气槽圓 周上的数个第一轴向导气管；所述下气浮通道包括第二环形导气槽及 分布于该第二环形导气槽圓周上的数个第二轴向导气管；所述推力气 浮通道包括第三环形导气槽及分布于该第三环形导气槽圓周上的数 个第一径向导气管。
进一步地，所述第一轴向导气管和第二轴向导气管的上下两端部 均设有通向轴芯外表面的径向阻尼孔；所述第二轴向导气管的下端还 设有第二径向导气管，该第二径向导气管设有通向所述轴芯支撑部上 表面的轴向阻尼孔；所述推力轴承的第一径向导气管上设有通向所述 轴芯支撑部下表面的轴向阻尼孔。
进一步地，所述通向轴芯支撑部的轴向阻尼孔沿径向设有至少两 排。
进一步地， 所述冷却水通道包括主冷却水通道及副冷却水通道， 该副冷却水通道与所述冷却间隙通过喷水孔相连通。
进一步地， 所述定轴下端设有连通主冷却水通道的出水管， 该出 水管伸出于轴芯下端面， 轴芯内部靠近定轴下端面处设有锥面， 该锥 面与定轴的下端面形成一容置腔，该容置腔^奸接所述冷却间隙的下部 并通过出水管与轴芯之间的间隙与外界连通。
如上所述，本发明一种高速气浮电主轴将冷却水通道设置在定轴 内， 在工作时不断向轴芯内壁直接喷射冷却水， 该冷却水进而充满所 述冷却间隙对轴芯进行持续冷却， 达到降低轴芯温度的目的， 该冷却 间隙结构简单， 易于加工， 且冷却水直接与轴芯接触， 冷却效率高， 从而确保该电主轴具有更好的稳定性和更高的精度。 附图说明
图 1为本发明一种高速气浮电主轴的纵向剖视图；
图 2为本发明一种高速气浮电主轴另一个角度的纵向剖视图（为 了便于清楚显示其内部构造， 去除了定轴这一部件） ；
图 3为本发明的推力轴承 A向剖视图；
图 4为本发明的定轴与轴芯的纵向剖视图。
其中： 10、 机体； 11、 主通道； 21、 定子； 22、 转子； 30、 上气 浮轴承； 31、 第一环形导气槽； 32、 第一轴向导气管； 40、 下气浮轴 承； 41、 第二环形导气槽； 42、 第二轴向导气管； 43、 第二径向导气 管； 50、 轴芯； 51、 支撑部； 60、 推力轴承； 61、 第三环形导气槽； 62、 第一径向导气管； 70、 定轴； 71、 冷却水通道； 711、 主冷却水 通道； 712、 副冷却水通道； 713、 出水管； 72、 喷水孔； 73、容置腔； 75、 冷却间隙； 361、 径向阻尼孔； 362、 轴向阻尼孔。 具体实施方式
下面， 结合附图以及具体实施方式， 对本发明做进一步描述： 请参阅图 1至图 4 , 本发明提供一种高速气浮电主轴， 其一较佳 实施例包括机体 10、 定子 21、 上气浮轴承 30、 下气浮轴承 40、 轴芯
50、 推力轴承 60及定轴 70。
所述定子 21固定于机体 10内部， 上气浮轴承 30和下气浮轴承 40分别固定设于定子 21的上下方， 所述推力轴承 60位于下气浮轴 承 40下方， 轴芯 50上固定有与定子 21相配合的转子 22, 该轴芯 50 穿设于定子 21、 上气浮轴承 30、 下气浮轴承 40和推力轴承 60之间 形成的轴向通孔内， 具体地， 轴芯 50下部侧壁向外凸设有环形支撑 部 51 , 该支撑部 51伸入于下气浮轴承 40与推力轴承 60之间。
所述机体 10、 上气浮轴承 30、 下气浮轴承 40和推力轴承 60上 设有连通的输气通道， 在机器工作时， 通过往输气通道内输入高压气 流， 可产生使转轴悬浮的气膜， 从而使得轴芯 50能无摩擦的高速转 动； 具体地， 该输气通道包括设于机体 10侧壁内的主通道 11、 设于 上气浮轴承 30内部的上气浮通道、设于下气浮轴承 40内部的下气浮 通道及设于推力轴承 60内部的推力气浮通道，所述主通道 11分设于 机体 10侧壁内并沿着轴向贯通机体 10; 该上气浮通道、 下气浮通道 和推力气浮通道均与主通道 11连通， 且该上气浮通道、 下气浮通道 和推力气浮通道均设有通向轴芯 50外表面的阻尼孔， 气流从这些阻 尼孔喷在轴芯 50外表面， 从而在轴芯 50与轴承之间形成所述气膜。
具体地， 所述上气浮通道包括第一环形导气槽 31及分布于该第 一环形导气槽 31圓周上的数个第一轴向导气管 32; 所述下气浮通道 包括第二环形导气槽 41及分布于该第二环形导气槽 41圓周上的数个 第二轴向导气管 42; 所述推力气浮通道包括第三环形导气槽 61及分 布于该第三环形导气槽 61圓周上的数个第一径向导气管 62; 该第一 轴向导气管 32和第二轴向导气管 42 的上下两端部均设有通向轴芯 50外表面的径向阻尼孔 361 ; 所述第二轴向导气管 42的下端还设有 向外延伸的第二径向导气管 43 , 该第二径向导气管 43设有通向所述 轴芯 50支撑部 51上表面的轴向阻尼孔 362; 所述推力轴承 60的第 一径向导气管 62上设有通向所述轴芯 50支撑部 51下表面的轴向阻 尼孔 362。
所述定轴 70穿设于轴芯 50内并固定于机体 10上，定轴 70内设 有贯穿定轴 70上下表面的冷却水通道 71 , 具体地， 所述冷却水通道 通道 711旁边的副冷却水通道 712 , 该副冷却水通道 712与所述冷却 间隙 75通过喷水孔 72相连通；该定轴 70的外表面与所述轴芯 50的 间隙 75顶部封闭， 下部开口， 具体地， 所述定轴 70下端设有出水管 713 , 出水管 713的上端连通主冷却水通道 711 , 下端伸出于轴芯 50 下端面；轴芯 50内部靠近定轴 70下端面处设有锥面（图中未标示 ), 该锥面与定轴 70的下端面形成一容置腔 73 , 该容置腔 73与所述冷 却间隙 75的下部相狗 -接， 并且该容置腔 73通过轴芯 50下部与出水 管 713外壁之间的间隙而与外界连通； 在工作状态时， 冷却水沿着主 冷却水通道 711径直地从出水管 713处喷出，可对装设于电主轴下方 的刀具等组件进行冷却； 冷却水从副冷却水通道 712从上往下流动， 同时通过喷水孔 72而流入冷却间隙 75中 , 直接与轴芯 50内壁相接 触进行降温，从冷却间隙 75流出的水在所述容置腔 73处再与径直从 副冷却水通道 712流出的水相汇合，最后从轴芯 50与所述出水管 713 之间的间隙喷出，与从主冷却水通道 711中径直流下的水汇合一起喷 淋在安装于电主轴下方的刀具等组件上，可起到冷却刀具等组件的作 用。
具体地， 所述定轴 70外表面的中下段切掉一层材质而形成一个 柱面状的 IHJ槽（图中未标示） ， 该 IHJ槽与轴芯 50的内壁共同形成所 述冷却间隙 75; 该凹槽的底壁与所述冷却水通道 71之间设有所述喷 水孔 72 , 该电主轴工作时， 冷却水从喷水孔 72射入该冷却间隙 75 内， 进而注满整个冷却间隙 75 , 达到给轴芯 50及定轴 70降温的目 的； 值得一提地， 所述冷却间隙 75还可以通过在轴芯 50内壁上切设 柱面状的凹槽而形成，或者在轴芯 50内壁和定轴 70外壁上均切设有 凹槽来共同形成冷却间隙 75； 冷却间隙 75顶部是封闭的， 该设计是 用于防止冷却水往该机器上方泄露。
优选地， 所述通向轴芯 50支撑部 51上下表面的轴向阻尼孔 362 沿着径向设有至少两排，在本实施例中共设有两排轴向阻尼孔 362(如 图所示）， 这种增设多排阻尼孔的设计， 可产生远大于单排阻尼孔的 气膜刚度， 进而可确保轴芯 50获得更大的轴向支撑力， 使轴芯 50的 上下位置的控制更加稳定，从而提高该电主轴加工时的精度； 值得一 提地， 通过增加上气浮轴承 30和下气浮轴承 40的轴向长度， 以此来 增加轴承与转轴的接触面积 ,从而达到增加该电主轴径向上的气膜刚 度， 可使电主轴获得更稳定的工作状态。
如上所述， 本发明一种高速气浮电主轴将冷却水通道 71设置在 定轴 70内， 在工作时不断向轴芯 50内壁直接喷射冷却水， 冷却水进 而充满所述冷却间隙 75对轴芯 50进行持续冷却， 达到降低轴芯 50 温度的目的， 该冷却间隙 75结构简单， 易于加工， 且冷却水直接与 轴芯 50接触， 冷却效率高， 从而确保该电主轴具有更好的稳定性和 更高的精度。
对本领域的技术人员来说，可根据以上描述的技术方案以及构思， 做出其它各种相应的改变以及形变，而所有的这些改变以及形变都应 该属于本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims

1.一种高速气浮电主轴， 其特征在于： 包括机体、 定子、 上气浮 轴承、 下气浮轴承、 轴芯及定轴， 所述定子固定于机体内部， 上气浮 轴承和下气浮轴承分别装设于定子的上下方，轴芯上固定有与定子相 配合的转子， 该轴芯穿设于定子、 上气浮轴承和下气浮轴承形成的轴 向通孔内 ,所述定轴穿设于轴芯内并固定于机体上；其中，所述机体、 上气浮轴承和下气浮轴承上设有连通的输气通道，该输气通道用于在 所述轴芯与上、 下气浮轴承的接触面之间产生将该轴芯悬浮的气膜； 所述定轴内设有贯穿定轴的冷却水通道，定轴的外表面与轴芯的内表 面之间设有与该冷却水通道相连通的冷却间隙，该冷却间隙顶部封闭， 下部开口。
2.如权利要求 1所述的一种高速气浮电主轴， 其特征在于： 还包 括设于下气浮轴承下方的推力轴承，所述轴芯下部侧壁向外凸设有环 形支撑部， 该支撑部伸入于下气浮轴承与推力轴承之间。
3.如权利要求 2所述的一种高速气浮电主轴， 其特征在于： 所述 输气通道包括设于机体侧壁内的主通道、设于上气浮轴承内部的上气 浮通道、设于下气浮轴承内部的下气浮通道及设于推力轴承内部的推 力气浮通道， 该上气浮通道、 下气浮通道和推力气浮通道均与主通道 连通， 且该上气浮通道、 下气浮通道和推力气浮通道均设有通向轴芯 外表面的阻尼孔。
4.如权利要求 3所述的一种高速气浮电主轴， 其特征在于： 所述 主通道分设于机体侧壁内并沿着轴向贯通机体；所述上气浮通道包括 第一环形导气槽及分布于该第一环形导气槽圓周上的数个第一轴向 导气管；所述下气浮通道包括第二环形导气槽及分布于该第二环形导 气槽圓周上的数个第二轴向导气管；所述推力气浮通道包括第三环形 导气槽及分布于该第三环形导气槽圓周上的数个第一径向导气管。
5.如权利要求 4所述的一种高速气浮电主轴， 其特征在于： 所述 第一轴向导气管和第二轴向导气管的上下两端部均设有通向轴芯外 表面的径向阻尼孔；所述第二轴向导气管的下端还设有第二径向导气 管，该第二径向导气管设有通向所述轴芯支撑部上表面的轴向阻尼孔； 所述推力轴承的第一径向导气管上设有通向所述轴芯支撑部下表面 的轴向阻尼孔。
6.如权利要求 5所述的一种高速气浮电主轴， 其特征在于： 所述 通向轴芯支撑部的轴向阻尼孔沿径向设有至少两排。
7.如权利要求 1所述的一种高速气浮电主轴， 其特征在于： 所述 冷却水通道包括主冷却水通道及副冷却水通道，该副冷却水通道与所 述冷却间隙通过喷水孔相连通。
8.如权利要求 7所述的一种高速气浮电主轴， 其特征在于： 所述 定轴下端设有连通主冷却水通道的出水管，该出水管伸出于轴芯下端 面， 轴芯内部靠近定轴下端面处设有锥面， 该锥面与定轴的下端面形 成一容置腔，该容置腔^奸接所述冷却间隙的下部并通过出水管与轴芯 之间的间隙与外界连通。
PCT/CN2014/079290 2013-11-20 2014-06-05 一种高速气浮电主轴 WO2015074403A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201310590814.0 2013-11-20
CN201310590814.0A CN103658690B (zh) 2013-11-20 2013-11-20 一种高速气浮电主轴

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015074403A1 true WO2015074403A1 (zh) 2015-05-28

Family

ID=50298151

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2014/079290 WO2015074403A1 (zh) 2013-11-20 2014-06-05 一种高速气浮电主轴

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN103658690B (zh)
WO (1) WO2015074403A1 (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106493617A (zh) * 2016-11-28 2017-03-15 北京中电科电子装备有限公司 一种中心通冷却液冷却的电主轴及减薄机
CN108436114A (zh) * 2018-03-27 2018-08-24 东莞市科隆实业有限公司 一种主轴轴芯装配结构

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104108047B (zh) * 2014-07-18 2016-08-03 西安交通大学 一种电主轴轴芯冷却系统
CN104227032B (zh) * 2014-09-25 2017-01-11 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司 气浮高速电主轴
CN105033810A (zh) * 2015-07-13 2015-11-11 焦作天元精密光学实验室（普通合伙） 一种定心双气浮精密光学磨边机
CN106141213B (zh) * 2016-08-16 2017-12-08 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司 一种气浮电主轴
CN106563818B (zh) * 2016-10-19 2018-05-01 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司 一种具有测速功能的气浮电主轴
CN108044136B (zh) * 2018-01-02 2024-05-14 中国计量大学 一种新型静压气浮电主轴
CN108526997B (zh) * 2018-06-29 2021-05-11 哈尔滨理工大学 一种高速电主轴附加冷却系统
CN109261991A (zh) * 2018-10-24 2019-01-25 深圳市爱贝科精密机械有限公司 一种高速气浮电主轴
CN110202394B (zh) * 2019-04-19 2021-03-09 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司 一种超精密气浮电主轴
CN110370075A (zh) * 2019-08-20 2019-10-25 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 一种高速气浮电主轴的外壳结构
CN110360223B (zh) * 2019-08-20 2024-03-19 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 一种气浮轴承
CN114352704B (zh) * 2022-01-14 2024-03-15 深圳特斯特半导体设备有限公司 划片机刀片主轴结构

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009068649A (ja) * 2007-09-14 2009-04-02 Ntn Corp スピンドル装置
JP2009197942A (ja) * 2008-02-22 2009-09-03 Ntn Corp 気体軸受スピンドル
WO2010082027A1 (en) * 2009-01-19 2010-07-22 Gsi Group Limited Gas bearing spindles and gas bearing assemblies for gas bearing spindles
CN201988725U (zh) * 2011-03-28 2011-09-28 广州市昊志机电有限公司 一种气浮高速电主轴
JP2013050150A (ja) * 2011-08-30 2013-03-14 Nsk Ltd エアスピンドル
CN103213029A (zh) * 2013-04-03 2013-07-24 宝鸡忠诚机床股份有限公司 一种高速车削中心电主轴冷却方法及内外冷却电主轴
CN203599538U (zh) * 2013-11-20 2014-05-21 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司 一种高速气浮电主轴

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3928985A1 (de) * 1989-09-01 1991-03-14 Index Werke Kg Hahn & Tessky Werkstueckspindel-anordnung fuer eine drehmaschine
CN100427250C (zh) * 2006-12-18 2008-10-22 广州市大族高精电机有限公司 一种气浮高速电主轴
CN102078974B (zh) * 2010-12-29 2012-09-05 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司 一种气浮高速电主轴
CN102489726A (zh) * 2011-11-26 2012-06-13 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司 一种气浮高速电主轴
CN102974845A (zh) * 2012-11-29 2013-03-20 昆明理工大学 一种高速电主轴装置

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009068649A (ja) * 2007-09-14 2009-04-02 Ntn Corp スピンドル装置
JP2009197942A (ja) * 2008-02-22 2009-09-03 Ntn Corp 気体軸受スピンドル
WO2010082027A1 (en) * 2009-01-19 2010-07-22 Gsi Group Limited Gas bearing spindles and gas bearing assemblies for gas bearing spindles
CN201988725U (zh) * 2011-03-28 2011-09-28 广州市昊志机电有限公司 一种气浮高速电主轴
JP2013050150A (ja) * 2011-08-30 2013-03-14 Nsk Ltd エアスピンドル
CN103213029A (zh) * 2013-04-03 2013-07-24 宝鸡忠诚机床股份有限公司 一种高速车削中心电主轴冷却方法及内外冷却电主轴
CN203599538U (zh) * 2013-11-20 2014-05-21 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司 一种高速气浮电主轴

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106493617A (zh) * 2016-11-28 2017-03-15 北京中电科电子装备有限公司 一种中心通冷却液冷却的电主轴及减薄机
CN108436114A (zh) * 2018-03-27 2018-08-24 东莞市科隆实业有限公司 一种主轴轴芯装配结构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN103658690B (zh) 2016-08-17
CN103658690A (zh) 2014-03-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2015074403A1 (zh) 一种高速气浮电主轴
CN103286679B (zh) 一种超高速空气轴承电主轴
CN205566014U (zh) 双冷却电主轴
CN100427250C (zh) 一种气浮高速电主轴
CN102489726A (zh) 一种气浮高速电主轴
CN204504240U (zh) 一种高速高精高效动静压电主轴
WO2012053366A1 (ja) 転がり軸受
CN200991759Y (zh) 一种气浮高速电主轴
CN104227032A (zh) 气浮高速电主轴
WO2022088646A1 (zh) 一种主轴油气润滑结构、主轴和机床
CN106563818A (zh) 一种具有测速功能的气浮电主轴
CN108044136B (zh) 一种新型静压气浮电主轴
CN203599538U (zh) 一种高速气浮电主轴
TWI691656B (zh) 滾珠軸承及工具機用主軸裝置
JP2007321950A (ja) 円筒ころ軸受
CN203305052U (zh) 超高速空气轴承电主轴
JP6234017B2 (ja) 軸受装置の潤滑構造
CN208190458U (zh) 一种电机机体及应用该机体的电主轴
CN108188417B (zh) 一种多重节流式静压气浮电主轴及其使用方法
CN210115464U (zh) 精密外转子气浮主轴
CN105710419A (zh) 一种自冷却型钻头
CN102962766A (zh) 一种用于磨削小直径深孔的超高速精密电主轴结构
JP2009138896A (ja) 転がり軸受およびその潤滑方法
TWI704301B (zh) 滾珠軸承及工具機用主軸裝置
CN200991760Y (zh) 一种气浮高速电主轴的机体

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 14864476

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 14864476

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1