WO2015062604A1 - Reibungskupplung mit betätigungsvorrichtung - Google Patents
Reibungskupplung mit betätigungsvorrichtung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015062604A1 WO2015062604A1 PCT/DE2014/200564 DE2014200564W WO2015062604A1 WO 2015062604 A1 WO2015062604 A1 WO 2015062604A1 DE 2014200564 W DE2014200564 W DE 2014200564W WO 2015062604 A1 WO2015062604 A1 WO 2015062604A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pressure plate
- clutch
- friction clutch
- cover
- actuator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D27/00—Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor
- F16D27/02—Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor with electromagnets incorporated in the clutch, i.e. with collecting rings
- F16D27/04—Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor with electromagnets incorporated in the clutch, i.e. with collecting rings with axially-movable friction surfaces
- F16D27/08—Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor with electromagnets incorporated in the clutch, i.e. with collecting rings with axially-movable friction surfaces with friction surfaces arranged externally to the flux
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D21/00—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches
- F16D21/02—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways
- F16D21/06—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways at least two driving shafts or two driven shafts being concentric
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D21/00—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches
- F16D21/02—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways
- F16D21/06—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways at least two driving shafts or two driven shafts being concentric
- F16D2021/0607—Double clutch with torque input plate in-between the two clutches, i.e. having a central input plate
- F16D2021/0615—Double clutch with torque input plate in-between the two clutches, i.e. having a central input plate the central input plate is supported by bearings in-between the two clutches
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
- F16D23/12—Mechanical clutch-actuating mechanisms arranged outside the clutch as such
- F16D2023/123—Clutch actuation by cams, ramps or ball-screw mechanisms
Definitions
- the invention relates to a friction clutch with actuating device, in particular for the drive train of a motor vehicle and a method for controlling.
- Friction clutches are well known in the art. In this case, so-called single clutches and double clutches for manually operated transmissions and for automated transmissions are known.
- the clutch actuation takes place with electro-mechanical electro-hydraulic actuators, wherein the friction clutch rotates and the actuator is arranged stationary. The contact area between the rotating system and the stationary system is exposed to a special wear.
- the rotation is carried out by means of piezo actuators, which exercise with friction shoes in the circumferential direction a force for rotating the pressure plate on this.
- the power transmission by means of the friction shoes is still capable of improvement.
- An embodiment of the invention relates to a friction clutch with an actuator, the friction clutch has a pressure plate, a counter-pressure plate and a clutch cover, between pressure plate and counter-pressure plate, a clutch disc is receivable, wherein the pressure plate is annular, the actuator between the pressure plate and the clutch cover the pressure plate and on the Clutch cover each having a ramp device, for axial displacement of the pressure plate and the actuator further comprises an actuator for rotating the pressure plate in the circumferential direction relative to the clutch cover, wherein the actuator is supported between the two ramp devices.
- the actuator has at least one expansion element and / or deformation element, which has at least one piezo element or a stack of piezo elements.
- the actuator has at least one expansion element and / or deformation element, which has at least one piezo element or a stack of piezo elements.
- the piezoelectric element has a layered structure.
- the piezoelectric element has piezoelectric shear elements. As a result, a shear, ie a displacement substantially perpendicular to the normal direction can be achieved.
- At least one of the ramp devices is formed by means of a spring assembly.
- the spring assembly consists of spring plates which are smooth on one side and have projections on the other side or that smooth and contoured spring plates alternate. As a result, a sinusoidal modulation is advantageously achieved.
- the spring packs are connected to the pressure plate.
- the clutch cover is connected to a piston which can rotate relative to the clutch cover, wherein the cover-side ramps are arranged on the piston.
- the pressure plate is formed radially inwardly with a centering sleeve, which is radially centered on the clutch cover or on the piston centering.
- the actuating device has a plurality of ramp devices and / or a plurality of actuators. As a result, the force effect over the circumference of the clutch can be better distributed.
- An embodiment of the invention relates to a method for actuating a friction clutch by means of an actuator, the friction clutch has a pressure plate, a counter-pressure plate and a clutch cover, wherein between the pressure plate and the counter-pressure plate, a clutch disc is receivable, wherein the pressure plate is annular, the actuator between the pressure plate and the clutch cover has a number of ramp devices for axial displacement of the pressure plate and the actuator further comprises a number of actuators for rotating the pressure plate in the circumferential direction relative to the clutch cover, wherein the actuators are actuated in the drive direction simultaneously and offset in the opposite direction to reset at least individual actuators be operated to each other.
- An embodiment of the invention also relates to a method for actuating a friction clutch by means of an actuator, the friction clutch has a pressure plate, a counter-pressure plate and a clutch cover, wherein between the pressure plate and the counter-pressure plate, a clutch disc is receivable, wherein the pressure plate is annular, the actuating device between the pressure plate and the clutch cover having a number of ramp devices, for axial displacement of the pressure plate and the actuator further comprises a number of paired actuators for rotating the pressure plate in the circumferential direction relative to the clutch cover, wherein at least the actuators of a pair are actuated offset from each other.
- FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of a double clutch
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a single clutch
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation for explaining the acting forces
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation for explaining the acting forces
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration for explaining the acting forces
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic illustration for explaining the acting forces
- FIG. 7 a representation of the coupling with spring assembly
- FIG. 8 shows a diagram for explaining the rotation
- FIG. 9 shows a diagram for explaining the rotation
- FIG. 10 shows a diagram for explaining the rotation
- FIG. 11 is an illustration for explaining the rotation
- FIG. 12 a representation for explaining the rotation
- FIG. 13 shows a diagram for explaining the rotation
- Figure 14 is a representation for explaining the rotation in another
- FIG. 15 shows a diagram for explaining the rotation
- FIG. 16 shows a diagram for explaining the rotation
- FIG. 18 shows a diagram for explaining the rotation
- FIG. 19 shows a diagram for explaining the rotation
- FIG. 20 a representation for explaining the rotation
- FIG. 21 is an illustration for explaining the rotation
- FIG. 22 shows a diagram for explaining the rotation
- FIG. 23 a representation for explaining the rotation
- FIG. 24 shows a view of a pressure plate with centering sleeve
- FIG. 25 shows an alternative actuating arrangement
- FIG. 26 shows a diagram for explaining the activation
- Figure 27 is a diagram for explaining the drive
- Figure 28 is a diagram for explaining the control.
- the double clutch 1 is designed as a friction clutch with two partial clutches 2, 3.
- FIG. 2 shows a comparison of a single clutch 101 as a friction clutch with an actuating device 109 for the controlled actuation of the friction clutch 101.
- 1 shows a double clutch 1, which is driven on the input side by a crankshaft 6 of a drive motor via a damper 7.
- the input element of the double clutch 1 is a clutch cover 8, which is connected radially on the outside via a rivet connection 9 with a counter-pressure plate 10. With the rivet connection 9 and the clutch cover 1 1 of the second friction clutch 3 is connected.
- a pressure plate 12, 13 is arranged, wherein in the clutch cover 8, 1 1, an actuator 4, 5 is provided, which is respectively supported on a ramp portion 16, 17 of the pressure plate 12, 13 in the axial direction , Upon rotation of the pressure plate 12, 13 relative to the clutch cover 8, 1 1, the pressure plate 12, 13 displaced in the axial direction. In this case, the pressure plate 12, 13 displaced in the axial direction towards the clutch disc 18, 19, which is acted upon by friction between the platen 10 and the respective pressure plate 12, 13.
- the two clutch plates 18, 19 are radially inwardly via a toothing 20, 21 rotatably connected to a transmission input shaft 22, 23.
- the actuating device 4, 5 is arranged axially adjacent to the annular pressure plate 12, 13 and is supported axially on the pressure plate 12, 13 and on the clutch cover 8,1 1.
- the friction clutch 101 is arranged on a flywheel 103 as a counter-pressure plate, being arranged on the flywheel 103 as a counter-pressure plate of the clutch cover 104 by means of the fastening means 105 rotatably and connected.
- the clutch cover 104 carries the pressure plate 106, wherein the actuator 109 is supported on the clutch cover 104 and on the pressure plate 106 in the axial direction.
- an axially displaceable piston 107 is provided with a ramp device 1 10 between the clutch cover 104 and the actuator, wherein the piston 107 and the clutch cover by a plate assembly 1 1 1 are in frictional engagement with each other, but are rotatable relative to each other.
- the pressure plate 106 Radially inside the pressure plate 106 is acted upon by a force storage device 1 12 opposite to the piston 107, so that the pressure plate 106 axially against the restoring force of the energy accumulator 1 12 relative to the piston 107 moves.
- the force accumulator between the radially inner portion 1 13 of the piston and a cage 1 14 is clamped, wherein the cage 1 14 is radially inwardly connected to the pressure plate 106 or an associated disc 1 15.
- the disk 1 15 is to the means of the rivet connection 1 16 radially outward with the pressure plate 106 and radially inwardly has an axially extending portion which is connected to the cage 1 14.
- the pressure plate 106 moves in the axial direction, for example, toward the clutch disc 120.
- the clutch disc 120 is rotatably connected radially inwardly with the teeth 121 with a transmission input shaft 122.
- the actuator 109 is provided, which is arranged radially between the pressure plate 106 and the piston 107.
- a self-reinforcing effect of an axially supported on the ramp device pressure plate is combined with an actuator which is equipped by means of piezoelectric elements.
- the actuator with piezo elements hereinafter also referred to as a piezo actuator, can advantageously also be used for self-boosting single or double clutches.
- the piezoelectric actuator and possibly also the relevant control unit, also called piezoelectric purity can be arranged directly between the clutch cover 8, 11, 104 or the piston 107 and a preferably freely rotating pressure plate 12, 13, 106, so that a total of very simple overall design is possible.
- the pressure plate 12, 13, 106 is supported directly axially on the piezo elements of the actuator or the actuator.
- the pad spring force of the lining suspension of the clutch disc 18, 19, 120 ensures the necessary normal force and thus sufficient friction between the pressure plate 12, 13, 106 and the piezo elements.
- Additional springs can be used to open when the clutch
- the actuator 4, 5, 109 also called actuator, is a simple and backlash-free connection between a rotatable relative to a clutch cover Kupp- pressure plate 12, 13, 106 and the clutch cover 8, 1 1 and a piston 107 connected thereto possible.
- the actuator as a piezo actuator is further characterized by a high level of dynamics, whereby the clutch can be controlled in very small steps with only very small torque jumps of the transmittable torque of the clutch. This results in a high level of comfort, which is particularly advantageous in vehicles with automated transmission.
- the piezoactuator can basically also be used for other movement and control tasks or related devices.
- At least one pressure plate 12, 13, 106 axially displace, so that the relevant clutch disc 18, 19, 120 between the pressure plate 12, 13, 106 and the counter-pressure plate 10th , 103 is trapped. Due to the resulting friction, the torque transmission from the clutch 1, 101 on the clutch plate 18, 19, 120 allows.
- the pressure plate displacement takes place through the piezoelectric elements, which are arranged axially behind the pressure plate 12, 13, 106 and between pressure plate 12, 13, 106 and clutch cover 8, 1 1 and piston 107.
- the piezo elements 50, 51, 126 are supported directly or indirectly on the clutch cover 8, 1 1 or on an associated piston 107 and act on a ramp assembly 16, 17, 1 10, on the back of the clutch cover 8, 1 1 or attached to the piston 107 or molded.
- the ramp arrangement can also be attached to the back of the printing plate or molded into the printing plate.
- the centering of the pressure plate takes place radially inwardly through the disk 1 15, 49, 48 which is connected to the pressure plate and is received radially inward by the clutch cover 8, 11 or by the piston 107. Between the disc 48, 49, 1 15, a slide ring 47, 46, 1 17 is provided as a plain bearing.
- the actuating device 4, 5, 109 such as piezo drive, consists of at least one, but advantageously of two, three or more piezo elements, which are arranged distributed on the circumference of the pressure plate or the clutch cover 8, 1 1 or the piston 107.
- the piezo elements 50, 51, 126 consist partially or completely of shear elements, so-called piezoelectric shear elements. In such piezoelectric shear elements, the direction of movement of the piezoelectric material is orthogonal to the orientation of the electric field.
- the piezo elements 50, 51, 126 are arranged on a ramp device 53, 54, 127, which is located directly or indirectly between the pressure plate 12, 13, 106 and the clutch cover 8, 1 1 or the piston 107.
- the ramp devices 53, 54, 127 are aligned such that the movement of the shear piezo elements 50, 51, 126 acts tangentially to the ramp of the ramp device. Depending on the control of the piezo elements, these can turn the pressure plate up the ramp or turn the ramp down and thus close or open the coupling.
- the pressure plate Since the pressure plate is rotatably mounted in the self-reinforced clutch relative to the rest of the clutch in the circumferential direction, it can occur that acting on the clutch circumferential accelerations rotate the pressure plate unintentionally. The risk may be appreciable if the clutch is open and the pressure plate is not under high axial load, since with open clutch, there are no high contact and friction forces between the pressure plate and the piezo elements, which can stabilize the pressure plate. To prevent that a circumferential acceleration an unwanted tangential movement or
- the outer cover as the clutch cover 104 is firmly connected to the rest of the clutch and the inner cover as a piston 107 is rotatably supported but axially supported in the outer cover. All required for the drive of the printing plate components such as ramps, piezo elements, auxiliary springs and rotary transformer are attached to the inner lid 107.
- the open clutch experiences a high circumferential acceleration, the outer cover 104 is also accelerated, but the inner cover 107 with all of its attached components can slip through its inertia relative to the outer cover 104.
- the coefficient of friction between the two clutch covers is greater than between the clutch disc and the Printing plate. Since the contact pressure between the two clutch covers 104, 107 acts, it is then ensured at the same normal force and higher coefficient of friction that the relative movement does not occur between the clutch covers 104, 107, but between the pressure plate and the clutch disc.
- the high coefficient of friction can be achieved between the clutch covers 104, 107 by a friction-increasing coating and / or a friction lining, for example as a sintered lining.
- the frictional force between the clutch covers 104, 107 can also be increased by geometric measures such as corrugation, conical contact surfaces or as shown in FIG. 2 by mutually layered lamellas which increase the number of friction surfaces.
- the principle with the rotatable inner lid 107 of course, also on double clutches according to Figure 1 transferable.
- the centering of the printing plates takes place in the embodiments of Figures 1 and 2 by a centering sleeve which is fixed to the pressure plate and is radially inwardly connected via a bearing point with the clutch cover or another relative to the coupling radially fixed component.
- the bearing can be realized for example by a sliding bearing or a rolling bearing.
- the bearing allows both the rotational movement and the axial movement of the pressure plate and at the same time ensures an exact centering in the radial direction.
- the centering sleeve also has the task of keeping away the thermal expansion effects of the pressure plate from the bearing point.
- the centering sleeve 49 is located axially on the inner edge of the pressure plate 13 and is connected to three or more radially elastic connecting arms 80 with the pressure plate 13, see Figure 24.
- the elastic connecting arms 80 hold the centering sleeve also during thermal expansion or when potting the pressure plate 13 in the Center.
- the centering sleeve 49 can also be designed so that it does not need bending arms to follow elastically or plastically with its outer region of the printing plate movement.
- One possibility is to move the pressure plate selectively jerky or swinging, for example radially and / or tangentially, to change the coefficient of friction in the ramp mechanism behind the pressure plate or the coefficient of friction between the clutch disc and the pressure plate.
- the piezoelectric elements can be excited so that they themselves, the piezoelectric actuator, the Piezoant- riebsmechanismus and / or the clutch are put into resonance or resonance-like vibrations, for example, to change the friction conditions or to increase the step size or the speed of the drive
- Piezoelectric elements with different directions of movement can also be combined in the piezoactuators in order, for example, to generate vibrations, to model the contact force or to generate micro-motions which are oriented perpendicular to the main movement direction and lower the coefficient of friction.
- different piezotypes can be combined, such as axial and shear elements.
- the piezo elements integrated into the coupling can also forward information to the clutch control.
- the piezoelectric elements can detect the force which the pressure plate exerts on them.
- the control scheme of the piezoelectric elements can be adapted to the real load and force direction in order to operate the piezo drive depending on the situation.
- the piezo elements can also be used to determine the transmitted in the clutch engine torque and for detecting vibrations or plucking. Whether the piezo elements are used as the sole sensors or their signals are evaluated in interaction with other measured variables depends on the application.
- piezoactuators are arranged on the circumference of the pressure plate, they can be used not only for rotating the plate, but also for centering.
- individual piezo actuators can be displaced or individual actuators can be displaced a little further or shorter than the others when the pressure plate is rotated, so that the pressure plate is radially displaced and thus centered by this deviation.
- the above-described centering sleeves could then also be omitted, take over the complete centering or serve as end stops for the pressure plate, which can Limit the maximum possible radial offset, while the exact centering is taken over by the piezo actuators.
- a displacement sensor on the pressure plate is sensible, which detects the axial stroke and / or the torsional angle or twisting path.
- FIGS. 3 to 6 show the acting forces by means of arrows
- FIG. 4 shows the force ratio at a ramp of the pressure plate for p ⁇ a. This is the case when the coefficient of friction between the disc and the pressure plate is lower than the theoretical coefficient of friction to which the ramp angle is tuned.
- FIG. 5 shows the force ratio at a ramp of the pressure plate for p> a. This is the case when the coefficient of friction between the disc and the pressure plate is greater than the theoretical coefficient of friction to which the ramp angle is tuned.
- the friction angle p the coefficient of friction between the disc and the pressure plate exactly corresponds to the ramp angle a.
- the resultant force FR from the frictional force FRB and the contact pressure FA then acts exactly normal to the ramp and to the contact surface of the piezoelement.
- no forces thus act in the direction of the ramp, as a result of which the piezo elements can turn the pressure plate virtually without force.
- the resulting force FR which exerts the pressure plate on the piezo elements, is no longer normal to the piezocontact surface, see FIGS. 4 and 5.
- the piezo elements must exert additional forces in the direction of the ramp on the pressure plate in order to keep the pressure plate in the desired position. These forces are transmitted by friction between the piezo elements and the pressure plate and the piezo elements work against these forces FPR when rotating the pressure plate.
- an additional spring device is provided, which lifts the pressure plate from the clutch lining and presses against the piezo elements.
- This spring device hinders the rotational and axial movement of the pressure plate as little as possible or only slightly and advantageously exerts a resultant force normal to the contact surfaces of the piezoelectric element.
- a rather flat spring characteristic with an axial force and torsion component is advantageous.
- This type of characteristic curve can be achieved, for example, by the combination of a plurality of springs or, as shown in the exemplary embodiments, this can also be achieved with a single helical spring.
- the appropriate ratio of axial and circumferential stiffness can be achieved with a screw, rotary or spiral spring by selecting the spring cross section.
- springs whose wire cross-section in the axial direction is wider than in the radial direction, particularly suitable.
- several springs may also be advantageous to install.
- some of the axially acting springs can also be supported on tilting joints or on circumferentially sliding or rolling bearing points, so that their circumferential stiffness only reduces or does not enter into the additional spring force.
- FIG. 6 shows schematically the forces which are present when the coupling is open.
- a spring assembly 53, 54 is provided, which is stiff in the circumferential direction and soft in the normal direction to the ramp. Due to the spring action normal to the ramp, the piezo elements, if they are loaded differently, compress the spring assembly also to different degrees, whereby a lifting of individual piezo elements is avoided.
- the circumferential rigidity has the advantage that the small circumferential movements of the
- Piezo elements are not accidentally lost due to the elasticity, but continue to be used to drive the printing plate.
- FIG. 7 shows the structure of the spring assembly.
- a pressure plate 201 of a clutch 200 is arranged at a distance from a clutch cover 202.
- the piezoelectric element 203 and a spring assembly 204 are arranged.
- the spring assembly 204 is always alternately made of a flat spring steel sheet 205 and narrow ramp-oriented webs 206. Since the webs 206 arranged offset, the spring steel plates 205 bend under load approximately sinusoidal adjacent the webs and thus spring under the piezo elements 203 a. The additional metal layers between the pressure plate 201 and the piezo elements 203 also hinder the heat conduction and thus reduce the heat input into the piezo elements 203. For this purpose, alternatively or additionally, elements without spring action can be used for the insulation between the pressure plate 201 and the piezo elements 203.
- the piezo element is on
- the piezoelectric elements can also be connected to their spring assemblies, so that the relative movement takes place between the cover and the piezoelement or between the pressure plate and the spring assembly.
- the described arrangements can also be designed correspondingly reversed, so that the piezoelectric element is connected to the clutch cover or to the pressure plate. If the spring assembly between the piezoelectric element and the component is arranged, which supports the piezoelectric element but no tangential sliding movement must perform relative to the piezoelectric element, the spring element can be significantly smaller.
- FIG. 28 shows a further drive scheme, which is not based on the drive sequence of the individual piezo elements, but on the different movement speed of the piezo elements. With this principle, all piezo elements can be controlled synchronously and the same movement To run.
- FIGS. 14 to 23 A further variant of a further exemplary embodiment is shown in FIGS. 14 to 23.
- FIGS. 8 to 13 each show a pressure plate 301 which lies opposite a counter-pressure plate 302 and which receives the friction lining 303 of the clutch disk between them.
- the piezoelectric elements 305 are arranged with a respective spring assembly 306.
- the spring assemblies 306 are connected at their end regions in each case by means of a rivet 307 with the pressure plate 301.
- the piezo element 305 is formed as a stack of layers. In this case, piezoelectric elements are preferably used, which can perform a shift, consist of two different or differently arranged piezoelectric layer types.
- part of the piezoelectric element 305 can cause an axial movement (longitudinal effect) and the other part can make a shift ninety degrees (shear effect).
- the combination of these two movements, the piezoelectric elements 305 can perform a running motion while moving the pressure plate 301.
- FIG. 8 shows the stack of the respective piezoelectric element 305 without being deflected, so that the stack is arranged quasi as a cuboid on the left edge of the spring assembly 306 and is supported on the clutch cover 304 in the region of the ramp 308.
- FIG. 9 shows the stack of the respective piezoelectric element 305 deflected, so that the stack has shifted in a parallelogram-like manner and thus has displaced the pressure plate 301 relative to the clutch cover 304 when the clutch cover 304 is stationary.
- FIG. 10 shows an operating state in which, starting from the operating state of FIG. 9, the left piezoelectric element 305 is acted upon in such a way that it shears in the opposite direction. It pushes along the spring pack 306 along. While in both other piezo elements maintain their position.
- FIG. 11 shows an operating state in which, starting from the operating state of FIG. 10, the middle piezoelectric element 305 is acted upon in such a way that it shears in the opposite direction. It pushes along the spring pack 306 along. While in both other piezo elements 305 maintain their respective position.
- FIG. 12 shows an operating state in which, starting from the operating state of FIG. 11, the right piezoelectric element 305 is acted upon in such a way that it shears in the opposite direction. It pushes along the spring pack 306 along. While in both other piezo elements 305 maintain their respective position.
- FIG. 13 shows an operating state in which, starting from the operating state of FIG. 12, all three piezo elements 305 shown are acted on in such a way that they in turn shear in the opposite direction. Thus, the pressure plate is in turn displaced relative to the clutch cover 304.
- the procedure may be repeated several times in both the one direction and the other direction.
- FIG. 26 The procedure is illustrated in the diagram of FIG. 26 for an actuating direction for rotating the printing plate in one direction.
- the elements are designated there by A, B and C. It can be seen that first all elements are moved in one direction, then always one element is always moved back, while the other elements hold the position for supporting the pressure plate. Only when all piezo elements are back process, they move together again in one direction. The pressure plate is then moved again.
- FIG. 27 explains the similar situation when turning back.
- the Figure 14 shows a developed circumferential section through three ramps, each with two piezo actuators or piezo elements 405. To perform the running movement, two piezo elements 405 or two groups of otherwise synchronously operating piezo elements 405 are provided.
- the piezoelectric element 405 is formed as a stack of layers.
- piezoelectric elements are preferably used, which consist of two different or differently arranged piezoelectric layer types. Thereby, a part of the piezo element 405 can cause an axial movement (longitudinal effect) and the other part can make a shift ninety degrees thereto (shearing effect). By combining these two movements, the piezoelectric elements 405 can execute a running motion while moving the pressure plate 301. In the arrangement of the piezo elements, it is quite possible that one, two or more piezo elements 405 can be arranged on a ramp 408.
- Figures 15 to 23 show the sequence of movement of the "running" Piezoaktuatoren or piezoelectric elements 405.
- Figures 15 to 23 each show a pressure plate 401 and a clutch cover 402. Between the pressure plate 401 and the clutch cover 402, the piezo elements 405 on a ramp 403 and a ramp 404 on the clutch cover 402. In this case, the piezo elements 405 are each arranged in pairs per ramp 403, 404th
- FIG. 15 shows the arrangement of the piezo elements 405 in the undeflected state, so that the piezo elements are arranged as a kind of parallelepiped on the left edge of the ramp 403 and are supported on the clutch cover 402 in the region of the ramp 404.
- FIG. 16 shows the arrangement of the piezo elements 405 in a state in which in each case one piezo element 405 per pair, in this case the right piezo element per pair, is contracted so that it is lifted off the ramp 403.
- FIG. 17 shows the arrangement of the piezoelectric elements 405 in a state in which the two piezoelectric elements are deflected in pairs in the opposite direction, wherein the lifted right piezoelectric element 405 moves to the right in the lower region relative to the pressure plate and the other touching the piezoelectric element to the left is. During the displacement, the piezoelectric elements touching the pressure plate move the pressure plate.
- FIG. 18 shows how, starting from the state of FIG
- Piezo element 405 is supported again on the pressure plate.
- FIG. 19 shows the arrangement of the piezo elements 405 starting from the state of FIG. 18 in a state in which in each case one piezo element 405 per pair, here the left one Piezo element per pair, is contracted so that it is lifted from the ramp 403.
- FIG. 20 shows the arrangement of the piezoelectric elements 405 in a state in which the two piezoelectric elements per pair are deflected in the opposite direction, starting from the deflection of FIG. 19, the lifted left piezoelectric element 405 being directed to the right in relation to the pressure plate in the lower region other piezoelectric element touching the printing plate is displaced to the left and the printing plate thereby moves to the left.
- FIG. 21 shows the state in which the previously lifted piezo elements again touch the pressure plate in the laterally deflected state.
- FIG. 22 shows the arrangement of the piezoelectric elements 405 in a state in which, starting from the state of FIG. 21 and the related lateral deflection, in each case one piezo element 405 per pair, in this case the right piezoelectric element per pair, is pulled together so that it exits from the ramp 403 is lifted.
- FIG. 23 shows, starting from the state of FIG. 22, the arrangement of the piezoelectric elements 405 in a state in which the two piezoelectric elements per pair are deflected in opposite directions relative to the state of FIG. 23, with the lifted right piezoelectric element 405 facing the pressure plate in the lower region to the right and the other pressure plate touching piezoelectric element is displaced to the left.
- the movement principles presented here serve to generate a longer movement from the very short movement range of the piezo elements 305, 405. This strategy of causing a continuous or interrupted prolonged movement from many small repetitive motions can also be used for other actuators that have similar characteristics as shear-piezoactuators.
- FIG. 25 An example of this is shown in FIG. 25.
- the movable contact surface is not formed by a piezoactuator but instead by a displaceably mounted component 501.
- This component 501 is supported by two rolling elements 502 on the ramp contour 503 of the clutch cover 504 and is displaced in the direction of the ramp by a magnetostrictive actuator 505.
- the pressure plate rotation is not generated by a shearing motion, but by a simple linear movement of the actuator 505, many other types of actuators can be used, such as electromagnets, shape memory materials, or Piezostapelaktoren.
- the magnetostrictive actuator 505 shown in FIG. 25 consists of a rod 506 of magnetostrictive material located in an electrical coil 507.
- the principle of operation of the Scherpiezoantriebe is described by the application of an operation of a clutch near the pressure plate.
- the applications of the piezo drive are not limited to this type of application. In principle, it is disclosed to drive a body with piezo elements. In particular, if this body has one or more ramps as a contact surface, the drive concept is optionally also virtually unchanged transferable. But also rotary or linear drives can be realized if the piezo actuators act on cylindrical or flat contact surface. Thus, the Scherpiezoantrieb can also be used as an alternative to the electric motor. In vehicles, clutch actuation systems outside the clutch or gearbox are particularly suitable for this purpose. But other applications are conceivable for example, level control units in the chassis, actuator for differential locks, actuator for variable power take-offs, seat adjusters and windows or the like.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE112014004944.1T DE112014004944A5 (de) | 2013-10-29 | 2014-10-17 | Reibungskupplung mit Betätigungsvorrichtung |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013221909 | 2013-10-29 | ||
| DE102013221909.1 | 2013-10-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2015062604A1 true WO2015062604A1 (de) | 2015-05-07 |
Family
ID=52358510
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE2014/200564 Ceased WO2015062604A1 (de) | 2013-10-29 | 2014-10-17 | Reibungskupplung mit betätigungsvorrichtung |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE112014004944A5 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2015062604A1 (de) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009015151A1 (de) * | 2008-04-17 | 2009-10-22 | Luk Lamellen Und Kupplungsbau Beteiligungs Kg | Reibungskupplung mit Betätigungseinrichtung |
| DE102012206318A1 (de) * | 2011-05-11 | 2012-11-15 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Selbstverstärkende Reibungskupplung |
| DE102013215024A1 (de) | 2012-08-28 | 2014-03-06 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Reibungskupplung mit Betätigungsvorrichtung |
-
2014
- 2014-10-17 WO PCT/DE2014/200564 patent/WO2015062604A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2014-10-17 DE DE112014004944.1T patent/DE112014004944A5/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009015151A1 (de) * | 2008-04-17 | 2009-10-22 | Luk Lamellen Und Kupplungsbau Beteiligungs Kg | Reibungskupplung mit Betätigungseinrichtung |
| DE102012206318A1 (de) * | 2011-05-11 | 2012-11-15 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Selbstverstärkende Reibungskupplung |
| DE102013215024A1 (de) | 2012-08-28 | 2014-03-06 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Reibungskupplung mit Betätigungsvorrichtung |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE112014004944A5 (de) | 2016-07-28 |
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