WO2015062102A1 - 摆动式安全型注射器 - Google Patents

摆动式安全型注射器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015062102A1
WO2015062102A1 PCT/CN2013/086474 CN2013086474W WO2015062102A1 WO 2015062102 A1 WO2015062102 A1 WO 2015062102A1 CN 2013086474 W CN2013086474 W CN 2013086474W WO 2015062102 A1 WO2015062102 A1 WO 2015062102A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
needle
needle tube
sheath
tube sheath
syringe
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Application number
PCT/CN2013/086474
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈永曦
Original Assignee
福建省百仕韦医用高分子股份有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 福建省百仕韦医用高分子股份有限公司 filed Critical 福建省百仕韦医用高分子股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2013/086474 priority Critical patent/WO2015062102A1/zh
Priority to CN201380080547.0A priority patent/CN105682717B/zh
Publication of WO2015062102A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015062102A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/3216—Caps placed transversally onto the needle, e.g. pivotally attached to the needle base

Definitions

  • this invention relates to a safety syringe for hiding the injection needle before use and after use, thereby achieving safety protection, in particular, a swing type safety syringe.
  • Injection needles on traditional syringes for injection are dangerous, and unsafe injections not only endanger the patient but also the health care worker itself. Due to a needle stab wound, a large number of cases of hepatitis B are caused each year, and HIV and hepatitis C are often transmitted through this route, and the situation is very serious. At the same time, the needle with blood will also pollute the environment, and people may have direct contact with the patient's blood accidents. Especially the blood with high-risk infectious diseases makes the medical staff feel fearful and cause great psychological pressure.
  • the conventional syringe includes a syringe 6, a needle holder 5 and an injection needle 3, as shown in Fig. 1.
  • a needle tube sheath is placed on the injection needle 1.
  • the needle tube sheath is placed on the injection needle 3 to protect it before or after the injection. Since the needle sheath 1 must correspond to the needle 3 And formed into a slender sleeve shape, so often occurs after the injection of the sleeve injection needle 3 When the accident is not allowed, the accident of stabbing the human hand may also cause accidental accidental contact after the injection. Therefore, medical staff often feel extremely uneasy and fear when providing injection services for patients with high-risk or infectious diseases, or taking blood samples with a syringe.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a swing type safety type syringe which can prevent needle stick injury and prevent blood contamination during the needling operation, and a further object of the present invention is to provide a Swing-safe syringe that prevents reuse.
  • the object of the present invention is achieved by the following route.
  • the oscillating safety type syringe includes a needle tube sheath, a needle tube, a needle seat and a syringe
  • the main point of the composition is that the utility model further comprises: a swinging connecting member and an upper locking device for restricting the swinging, the front part of the swinging connecting piece is connected with the needle tube sheath, and the rear part Then, it is hinged with the needle seat, and an upper snap device that can be tripped under the action force is disposed between the swinging connector and the needle seat.
  • One side of the needle tube sheath has a slot at the rear end, and the needle tube sheath that swings with the needle and the needle seat along with the swinging connector is wrapped around the needle tube by the slot and until the upper buckle device is engaged.
  • the needle tube sheath wraps the needle tube, and when the injection operation is performed, the needle tube sheath is manually oscillated, and under the action of the operation force, the upper buckle device is tripped, the needle tube sheath is swung, and the needle tube is exposed. After the injection operation is completed, the needle tube sheath is swung back to the position.
  • the technical solution of the present invention changes the longitudinal sleeve of the needle tube sheath in the prior art into an arc swing package, which is convenient to operate, and the operation operation track completely avoids the needle tip of the needle during operation, thereby ensuring prevention of needle stick injury and preventing blood pollution. .
  • the object of the present invention can also be achieved by the following means.
  • the lower buckle device is also disposed between the swinging connector and the needle seat, and the lower buckle device is engaged when the needle tube sheath is swung to the extreme position.
  • the utility model also comprises a shielding member and a shielding locking device, the shielding member abutting against the inner wall surface of the needle tube sheath and slidingly connected with the needle tube sheath in a manner of sliding or shielding or opening the slot with the needle tube sheath.
  • the shielding locking device comprises a locking nut and a locking buckle, respectively located on the shielding member and the sheath of the needle tube.
  • the needle tube enters the needle tube sheath from the slot, and still moves the needle tube sheath in this state.
  • the needle tube sheath is placed over the needle tube, and the sliding shielding member is disposed.
  • the shield blocks the slot and is locked by the locking device, and it is difficult to open even if a general operating force is applied. This ensures a one-time use of the syringe.
  • the shielding member is a rotating shielding member which is curved against the inner circumferential wall surface of the needle tube sheath, and has a scalloped groove on the outer side wall of the front end surface, and the groove width is just enough to allow the inner side wall of the front end of the needle tube sheath to be
  • Corresponding fan-shaped convex card is slidably connected around the axis of the casing, and a gradually rising inclined surface is arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the groove, and a fan-shaped pit is left in the groove, and the size is just enough to accommodate the fan-shaped convex card on the sheath of the lower needle tube.
  • the card is a twisting point of the shielding member sliding around the arc of the needle tube sheath, and is also a locking buckle of the locking device, and the fan-shaped pit is the locking nut of the locking device.
  • the shielding member is moved, and the fan-shaped convex card on the needle sheath slides in the fan-shaped groove on the shielding member to the limit position, and the shielding member seals the slot on the sheath, and the fan-shaped convex card on the sheath is buckled into the shielding.
  • the fan-shaped pit is stopped on the piece, and the shielding member cannot be rotated again, and the reverse rotation is impossible.
  • the needle cannula is a conical long casing
  • the shielding member is also a conical long casing, but is slightly smaller in the sheath of the needle tube.
  • the paddle 2 is further provided with a paddle which is exposed outside the sheath of the needle tube.
  • the paddles facilitate the movement of the shield.
  • the front end of the swinging connecting member is a U-shaped wall, and the rear end of the U-shaped wall extends symmetrically to the rear two lugs, and the two lugs form a nip, U
  • the shape of the wall and the outer circumference of the two lugs have a cylindrical surface.
  • the size of the cylindrical surface is exactly matched with the inner cavity of the rear end of the sheath, and the symmetrical convex rib is provided in the middle of the outer side of the lug.
  • the symmetrical convex rib and the sheath of the needle corresponds to the insertion connection, and the inner side of the lug is provided with a stop recess, and the stop recess and the corresponding stop bump on the needle seat constitute a snap device, and the swing
  • the connecting member is further provided with a hinge hole extending through the lug, and the short twisting shaft symmetrically disposed on both sides of the needle seat is hingedly connected with the hinge hole.
  • a pinch is exposed on the outer peripheral wall of the needle sheath.
  • This pinch can easily pinch the swing needle tube sheath.
  • the front part of the needle seat is a flat body, the rear part is a stepped cylinder, and the middle part is composed of a needle hole and a tapered hole.
  • the periphery of the needle seat is provided with a symmetrical short-twisting shaft and a stop bump on the plane of the flat body, behind the cylinder.
  • the end is provided with a double thread to adjust the rotation of the internal thread on the syringe.
  • the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art: the needling operation can prevent needle stick injury and prevent blood pollution, and Prevents reuse and easy operation.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a syringe in the prior art.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a swing type safety type syringe according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3 and 4 are schematic perspective views showing the structure of a needle tube sheath in the swing type safety type syringe according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic perspective view showing the structure of a shield member in a swing type safety type syringe according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the shield member in the oscillating safety type syringe of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 and 8 are schematic perspective views showing the structure of a swinging connector in a swing type safety type syringe according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 are schematic perspective views showing the structure of a needle hub in a swing type safety type syringe according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the assembled state of the oscillating safety type syringe according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the swinging state of the swing type safety syringe needle sheath in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic perspective view showing the structure of a swing type safety type syringe according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • swing type safety syringe including needle tube sheath 1, shield 2, needle tube 3, swing connector 4, the needle seat 5, the syringe 6 and the upper and lower buckle devices that limit the swing.
  • Swing connection 4 The front section is connected to the needle sheath 1 and the rear section is connected to the needle holder 4 hinged, an upper snap device that can be tripped under the action of the operating force is disposed between the swinging connecting member 4 and the needle seat 5, and a slit 1.7 of the opening at the rear end is opened on one side of the shell needle sheath 1 Swing connection 4 With the needle tube 3 and the needle seat 5 swinging the needle sheath 1 by this slot 1.7 Place the wrap around the outside of the needle tube until the upper snap device snaps into place.
  • the lower snap device is also disposed between the swinging connector and the needle seat, and the lower snap device is snapped when the swinging needle sheath is in the extreme position.
  • the needle sheath 1 is composed of a conical long shell
  • the large end of the cone is open, the end of the small end is closed, and a scalloped convex card 1.1 is arranged on the inner side wall of the end face.
  • the side of the casing has a slot 1.7 with an opening at the big end, and the other side has an opening at the small end of the rectangle.
  • Hole 1.2 a rectangular ear 1.3 is provided on the outer wall of the rectangular long hole toward the large end, and a rectangular groove 1.4 is opened on the rear side of the ear, and a symmetric convex card is arranged on the inner side of the rectangular groove.
  • the inner wall of the casing is provided with an axially symmetric long groove 1.6, and the central surface of the long groove is perpendicular to the central surface of the slot and the rectangular long hole.
  • the utility model relates to a rotating shielding member, which is also composed of a conical long casing, wherein the outer peripheral dimension of the casing is slightly smaller than the cone surface dimension of the inner sleeve of the needle tube sheath, the large end of the cone is open, the end surface of the small head end is closed, and the outer side wall of the end surface is arranged.
  • scalloped groove 2.1 there is a scalloped groove 2.1 , scalloped groove 2.1 Width is just enough to allow the fan-shaped convex card on the needle sheath 1 to slide around the axis of the housing, the fan-shaped groove 2.1 has a gradually rising slope in the middle of the bottom surface 2.1.1 The remaining groove of the groove is 2.1.2, which is just the size to accommodate the fan-shaped convex card on the lower needle sheath 1 .
  • One side of the housing has an opening at the large end slot 2.2, and a paddle is arranged outside the housing 2.3. Picks 2.3 and the slot 2.2
  • the center plane forms a large obtuse angle A.
  • the swinging connector 4 is formed by a front end of a U-shaped wall 4.1, and at U One end face and two outer sides of the shape wall are provided with lugs 4.2 having a certain thickness and length. A crease is formed between the lugs 4.2.5 , U-shaped wall 4.1 and two lugs 4.2
  • the outer peripheral bread has a cylindrical surface 4.2.2, the size of the cylindrical surface is exactly the same as the inner cavity of the needle tube sheath 1 large head section.
  • the symmetrical rib 4.2.1 is located in the middle of the outer side of the lug, and the symmetrical rib 4.2.1 and the sheath of the needle 1
  • the symmetrical long groove 1.6 in the rear section corresponds to the intervening connection.
  • the swinging connecting member 4 is also provided with a hinge hole through the lug 4.2.3, a short twisted shaft 5.5 symmetrically disposed on both sides of the needle seat 5 and the hinge hole 4.2.3 Corresponding hinge.
  • the front section of the needle seat 5 is a flat body, and the rear section is a stepped cylinder with a dispensing cavity 5.1 and a needle hole. 5.2 and tapered bore 5.3.
  • the outer periphery of the flat body plane 5.6 is provided with a symmetrical short-twisting shaft 5.5 and a stop bump 5.4, and a double thread at the rear end of the cylinder. In order to rotate tightly with the internal thread on the syringe.
  • the oscillating safety type syringe is assembled as follows: a shielding member 2 is inserted into the needle tube sheath 1 to make the shielding member 2
  • the upper picking piece 2.3 is in the rectangular long hole 1.2 of the needle tube sheath, and at the same time, the slits 1.7, 2.2 on the two members are uniformly oriented to form a needle sheath assembly.
  • Injection needle 3 Place the needle holder away from the end of the needle tip 5 Needle hole 5.2, the inner lumen of the needle tube is connected with the conical inner cavity of the needle seat 5.3, and the inclined surface of the needle tip of the needle tube faces the plane of the flat body of the needle seat.
  • the swinging connecting member 4 is pressed into the flat body of the needle holder 5 in the direction shown in Fig. 11, so that the short hinge shaft 5.5 of the needle holder 5 is buckled into the swinging connecting member 4.
  • the needle 3 Swing the needle sheath 1 , the needle 3 enters the lumen of the needle sheath from the cannula slit 1.7, 2.2, and when the needle sheath 1 swings to the axial direction of the needle sheath 1 coincides with the needle 3, the needle seat 5 Upper stop bump 5.4 Automatically snap into the pivoting joint on the swinging joint 4.2.4, then the needle sheath 1 without the external force, the needle sheath 1 It does not swing automatically, so the injection needle assembly is assembled.
  • the inner conical cavity of the injection needle assembly is placed on the syringe 6
  • the upper and outer conical bosses are rotated and the needle assembly is rotated.
  • the inner and outer conical surfaces are tightly matched by the inner and outer threaded teeth, and the safety syringe is assembled.
  • the shielding member 2 seals the slot on the needle sheath 1.7, and the fan-shaped convex card on the needle sheath 1.1 buckles into the shielding member to stop the fan-shaped pit 2.1.2, the shielding member 2 It can't be rotated again, and it can't be reversed again, so that the tip end of the needle tube and the body are wrapped, as shown in Figure 13.
  • Such a needle tip will not hurt the person, and the blood on the needle tube will not drip outside and pollute the environment, due to the needle sheath 1 It stops with the shielding member 2 about the axis, and the shielding member 2 cannot rotate, so that the slot on the needle sheath can not be reopened 1.7, the needle tube 3 It will not be exposed, making it impossible to use the needle again for one-time use, and before the syringe is discarded, the sleeve can be pinched again with one hand, and the sheath can be swung to bend and deform the needle to destroy.
  • the purpose of the needle tube is to further ensure the purpose of single use. Especially in the case of extracting the arteriovenous blood sample, the syringe with the internal screw locking does not separate the needle seat from the syringe during the process of withdrawing the needle tube, thereby avoiding a medical accident.

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Abstract

一种摆动式安全型注射器，包括针管护套（1）、针管（3）、针座（5）、注射筒（6），以及摆动连接件（4）和限制摆动的上卡扣装置。摆动连接件（4）前段与针管护套（1）连接，后段则与针座（5）铰接。所述上卡扣装置设置在摆动连接件（4）和针座（5）之间，并可在操作力作用下脱扣。针管护套（1）一侧开有开口在后端的槽缝（1.7），随摆动连接件（4）一起相对针管（3）、针座（5）摆动的针管护套（1）由该槽缝（1.7）摆入包裹在针管（3）外围并直至上卡扣装置卡接。所述摆动式安全型注射器操作方便，可防止操作过程中针刺伤害和血液污染，还可防止再次使用。

Description

摆动式安全型注射器 说明书
技术领域
本发明 涉及一种在使用前以及使用后将注射针头隐藏不外露，从而达到安全保护目的的安全注射器，特别是一种摆动式安全型注射器。
背景技术
用于注射的传统注射器上注射针是危险的， 不安全注射不仅会危害 病人 ，也危害医护人员本身 ， 由于针管刺伤，每年造成大量乙肝病例，HIV病毒和丙肝也常通过这一途径传染，形势很严重。同时带有血液的针管也会污染环境，可能发生人直接接触病患血液事故，尤其具高危传染病的血液更令医务人员心生恐惧，造成极大心理压力。
传统注射器包括一注射筒 6 、一针座 5 及一注射针管 3 ，如图 1 所示。通常在注射针管上套设一针管护套 1 ，于未使用前或注射完毕后均将该针管护套套在注射针管 3 上加以保护。由于针管护套 1 须对应于注射针管 3 而形成细长套筒状，故常常发生在注射后套罩注射针管 3 时套不准，以致刺伤人手的事故，也有可能在注射后因操持不慎发生碰触误刺的情形。因此，医护人员在为患有高危险性或传染性疾病病人提供注射服务，或利用注射器抽取血液样本时，往往感到极大不安及恐惧，一旦略有失误发生刺伤，其后果往往令人无法预料，尤其时下蔓延的爱滋病可藉由血液接触而导致感染。是以医护人员的安全保障极为欠缺，令人深为忧虑。这种传统构造还有一隐患，针座 5 与注射筒 6 连接是单靠两者圆锥面楔紧配合连接，有时配合不当，在从病患身上退出针管时，发生针座 5 与注射筒 6 分离，从而引起病患血液从针管流出，存在医疗安全隐患，并且也污染环境。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中的不足之处，而提供一种在针刺操作过程可防止针刺伤害、防止血液污染的摆动式安全型注射器，本发明的进一步目的在于提供一种可 防止再次使用的摆动式安全型注射器 。
本发明的目的是通过以下途径来实现的。
摆动式安全型注射器，包括针管护套、针管、针座以及注射筒，其组成要点在于：还包括摆动连接件和限制摆动的上卡扣装置，摆动连接件前段与针管护套连接，后段则与针座铰接，一种在操作力作用下可以脱扣的上卡扣装置设置在摆动连接件和针座之间， 针管护套一侧开有一种开口在后端的槽缝，随摆动连接件一起相对针管、针座摆动的针管护套藉着此槽缝摆入包裹在针管外围并直至上卡扣装置卡接。
这样，非注射状态下，针管护套包裹住针管，需执行注射操作时，手动摆动针管护套，在操作力作用下，上卡扣装置脱扣，针管护套摆起，针管露出。注射操作完毕后，再回摆针管护套至到位卡接。
本发明技术方案改现有技术中的针管护套的纵向套接为弧向摆动包裹，不但操作方便，而且操作过程操作手操作轨迹完全避开针管针尖，从而确保防止针刺伤害、防止血液污染。
本发明的目的还可以通过以下途径来实现。
还包括有一种在操作力作用下可以脱扣的 下卡扣装置，此下卡扣装置也设置在摆动连接件和针座之间，摆起的针管护套至极限位置时，下卡扣装置卡接。
这样，保证了注射状态下针管护套被下卡扣装置限位锁定。
还包含有一种遮蔽件和一种遮蔽锁死装置，该遮蔽件贴靠在针管护套的内壁面并以可相对针管护套滑移或遮蔽或开放槽缝的方式与针管护套滑动连接，遮蔽锁死装置包括锁母和锁扣，分别位于遮蔽件和针管护套上，遮蔽件处于遮蔽槽缝的极限状态时，该锁母和锁扣对应扣接并以在操作力作用下仍难以滑移打开的方式锁死遮蔽件。
这样，在遮蔽件处于打开状态下，针管从槽缝进入针管护套内，并仍然在该状态下摆移开针管护套，注射操作完毕后，针管护套摆合覆盖针管后，滑移遮蔽件至极限状态，遮蔽件遮蔽槽缝并被锁死装置锁死，虽施予一般之操作力也难以打开。从而保证了该注射器的一次性使用。
遮蔽件是一种旋转遮蔽件，呈弧形贴靠在针管护套的内圆周壁面，在其前端面外侧壁上设有一扇形凹槽，凹槽宽度正好能够让针管护套前端内侧壁上的对应扇形凸卡绕壳体轴线在其内滑动连接，凹槽底面中间设有一段逐渐上升的斜面，凹槽余下一扇形坑，大小正好能容纳下针管护套上的扇形凸卡，此扇形凸卡是遮蔽件绕针管护套弧形滑转的绞支点，也是锁死装置的锁扣，扇形坑是锁死装置的锁母。
这样拨动遮蔽件，针管护套上扇形凸卡在遮蔽件上扇形凹槽中滑动，至极限位置，这时遮蔽件封住护套上槽缝，同时护套上的扇形凸卡扣入遮蔽件上止动扇形坑，遮蔽件无法再次转动，也无法再反向转动。
针管护套是一种圆锥长壳体，遮蔽件也是一种圆锥长壳体，但尺寸略小套置在针管护套内。
遮蔽件 2 上还设有一种拨片，此拨片 2.3 突露在针管护套外。
拨片可便利拨动遮蔽件。
关于摆动连接件的进一步优化是：
摆动连接件的前端是一 U 形壁，此 U 形壁后端面向后对称延伸两凸耳，两凸耳间构成一夹缝， U 形壁与两凸耳外周面包络呈一种圆柱面，圆柱面大小正好与针管护套后端内腔紧密配合，凸耳外侧正中间设有对称凸筋，此对称凸筋与针管护套后段的对称长槽对应插置连接，凸耳内侧面上设有止动凹坑，此止动凹坑与针座上对应设置的止动凸点构成卡扣装置，摆动 连接件还设有贯穿凸耳的铰链孔，针座两侧面上对称设置的短绞支轴与该铰链孔对应铰接。
针管护套的外周壁上突露有一种捏耳。
此捏耳可方便捏抬摆动针管护套。
针座前段是一扁平体，后段是阶梯圆柱体，其中间由植针孔和圆锥孔组成，其外围在扁平体平面上设有对称短绞支轴和止动凸点，在圆柱体后端设有双螺牙以与注射筒上内螺牙旋转紧定。
综上所述，本发明相比现有技术具有如下优点：针刺操作过程可防止针刺伤害、防止血液污染，还可 防止再次使用，同时操作方便。
附图说明
图 1 是现有技术中一种注射器的结构示意图。
图 2 是本发明最佳实施例所述摆动式安全型注射器的结构示意图。
图 3、图 4是 本发明最佳实施例所述摆动式安全型注射器中的针管护套结构示意立体图。
图 5是 本发明最佳实施例所述摆动式安全型注射器中的遮蔽件结构示意立体图。
图 6是 本发明最佳实施例所述摆动式安全型注射器中的遮蔽件横断面方向示意图。
图 7、图 8是 本发明最佳实施例所述摆动式安全型注射器中的摆动连接件结构示意立体图。
图 9、图 10是 本发明最佳实施例所述摆动式安全型注射器中的针座结构示意立体图。
图 11是 本发明最佳实施例所述摆动式安全型注射器组装状态示意图。
图 12是 本发明最佳实施例所述摆动式安全型注射器针管护套摆抬起状态示意图。
图 13是 本发明最佳实施例所述摆动式安全型注射器结构示意立体图。
标号说明：
1针管护套 1.1扇形凸卡 1.2矩形长孔 1.3捏耳 1.4矩形槽 1.5对称凸卡 1.6对称长槽 1.7槽缝 2遮蔽件 2.1 扇形凹槽 2.1.1斜面 2.1.2扇形坑 2.2槽缝 2.3 拨片 3 针管 4摆动连接件 4.1 U 形壁 4.2 凸耳 4.2.1 对称凸筋 4.2.2 圆柱面 4.2.3 铰链孔 4.2.4止动凹坑 4.2.5夹缝 5针座 5.1点胶腔 5.2植针孔 5.3圆锥孔 5.4 止动凸点 5.5 绞支轴 5.6 平面 5.7双螺牙 6注射筒。
下面结合附图对本发明进行更详尽的描述。
具体实施方式
最佳实施例：
参照图 2、图 12、图 13，摆动式安全型注射器，包括针管护套 1、遮蔽件 2、针管 3、摆动连接件 4、针座 5、注射筒 6和限制摆动的上、下卡扣装置。摆动连接件 4前段与针管护套 1连接，后段则与针座 4铰接，一种在操作力作用下可以脱扣的上卡扣装置设置在摆动连接件 4和针座 5之间， 壳针管护套 1 一侧开有一种开口在后端的槽缝 1.7 ，随摆动连接件 4 一起相对针管 3 、针座 5 摆动的针管护套 1 藉着此槽缝 1.7 摆入包裹在针管外围并直至上卡扣装置卡接。下卡扣装置也设置在摆动连接件和针座之间，摆起的针管护套至极限位置时，下卡扣装置卡接。
参照图 3 、图 4 ，其中针管护套 1 由一圆锥长壳体构成， , 锥体大头端开口，小头端封闭端面，在端面内侧壁上设有一扇形凸卡 1.1 ，壳体一侧开有开口在大头端的槽缝 1.7 ，另一侧开有开口在小头端矩形长孔 1.2 ，在矩形长孔朝向大头端的壳壁外设有一捏耳 1.3 ，在捏耳后侧后又开有一矩形槽 1.4 ，在矩形槽两内侧向壳体内腔设置有对称凸卡 1.5 ，在壳体内壁上开有沿轴向对称长槽 1.6 ，长槽中心面与槽缝和矩形长孔的中心面构成垂直。
参照图 5 、图 6 ，其中的遮蔽件 2 是一种旋转遮蔽件，亦由一圆锥长壳体构成，其壳体外围尺寸略小于针管护套内腔锥面尺寸，锥体大头端开口，小头端封闭端面，在端面外侧壁上设有一扇形凹槽 2.1 ，扇形凹槽 2.1 宽度正好能够让针管护套 1 上的扇形凸卡 1.1 绕壳体轴线在其内滑动，扇形凹槽 2.1 底面中间设有一段逐渐上升的斜面 2.1.1 ，凹槽余下一扇形坑 2.1.2 ，大小正好能容纳下针管护套 1 上的扇形凸卡 1.1 。壳体一侧开有开口在大头端槽缝 2.2 ，在壳体外侧设置有一拨片 2.3. ，拨片 2.3 与槽缝 2.2 中心面构成一大钝角 A 。
参照图 7 、图 8 ，摆动连接件 4 ，其由前端是一 U 形壁 4.1 ，和在 U 形壁一端面和两外侧设有对称具有一定厚度和长度的凸耳 4.2 构成。凸耳间构成一夹缝 4.2.5 ， U 形壁 4.1 与两凸耳 4.2 外周面包络呈一种圆柱面 4.2.2 ，圆柱面大小正好与针管护套 1 大头段内腔紧密配合。凸耳外侧正中间设有对称凸筋 4.2.1 ，此对称凸筋 4.2.1 与针管护套 1 后段的对称长槽 1.6 对应插置连接。凸耳内侧面上设有两止动凹坑 4.2.4 ，此两止动凹坑 4.2.4 分别与针座 5 上对应设置的止动凸点 5.4 构成上、下卡扣装置。摆动 连接件 4 还设有贯穿凸耳的铰链孔 4.2.3 ，针座 5 两侧面上对称设置的短绞支轴 5.5 与该铰链孔 4.2.3 对应铰接。
参照图 9 、图 10 ，针座 5 前段是一扁平体，后段是阶梯圆柱体，其中间由点胶腔 5.1 、植针孔 5.2 和圆锥孔 5.3 组成，其外围在扁平体平面 5.6 上设有对称短绞支轴 5.5 和止动凸点 5.4 ，在圆柱体后端设有双螺牙 5.7 ，以便和注射筒上内螺牙旋转紧定。
参照图 11 ，该摆动式安全型注射器 装配构成如下：在针管护套 1 内套入遮蔽件 2 ，令遮蔽件 2 上拨片 2.3 处于针管护套的矩形长孔 1.2 内，同时令两构件上槽缝 1.7,2.2 重叠朝向一致，共同构成针管护套组件。注射针管 3 远离针尖一端植入针座 5 植针孔 5.2 中，针管内腔与针座圆锥内腔 5.3 连通，并且针管针尖斜面朝向针座扁平体平面，在针座点胶腔 5.1 注入针管固定胶固定针管 3 。先是摆动连接件 4 靠自身弹性，沿如图 11 所示方向，压入针座 5 上扁平体，令针座 5 上短铰支轴 5.5 扣入摆动连接件 4 上铰链孔 4.2.3 中，并将摆动连接件 4 摆动离开针管 3 一定角度，再将针管护套组件顺着摆动连接件凸筋 4.2.1 ，套压入摆动连接件 4 前端，直至摆动连接件 4 上内侧端面挤过针管护套 1 上两对称凸卡 1.5 ，形成了紧配合和扣接连接双重连接，如此护套不会脱出摆动连接件 4 ，组成了完整的摆动式针管护套。然后往针管 3 摆动针管护套 1 ，针管 3 从针管护套槽缝 1.7,2.2 进入针管护套内腔，当针管护套 1 摆动至针管护套轴向 1 与针管 3 重合时，针座 5 上止动凸点 5.4 自动卡入摆动连接件上止动凹坑 4.2.4 ，这时针管护套 1 在没有外力作用下，针管护套 1 不会自动摆动，如此注射针管组件装配完成。接着将注射针管组件上内圆锥腔套上注射筒 6 上外圆锥凸台，并旋转注射针管组件，在内外螺牙作用下止内外圆锥面紧密配合，安全型注射器组合完毕。
参照图 12 ，在使用时，一只手把持注射筒，另一只手捏住护套上捏耳，沿针管护套 1 上箭头方向拉开摆动至极限位置，针座 5 上止动凸点自动卡入转动连接件上另一止动凹坑 4.2.4 ，这时针管护套在没有外力作用下，不会摆动，裸露出针管。接着就可以下一步操作，例如肌肉药物注射场合，可抽取药物操作，紧接就可在病患身上适当部位作穿刺操作，待注射操作完成，从病患身上退出针管 3 ，即刻往针管护套 1 上箭头相反方向摆动针管护套至极限位置，摆动连接件上止动凹坑 4.2.4 与针座 5 上止动凸点 5.4 扣合，使得针管护套 1 在没有外力作用下，不会摆动，再拨动遮蔽件上拨片 2.3 ，同时针管护套 1 上扇形凸卡 1.1 在遮蔽件 2 上扇形凹槽 2.1 中滑动，至极限位置，这时遮蔽件 2 封住针管护套上槽缝 1.7 ，同时针管护套上扇形凸卡 1.1 扣入遮蔽件上止动扇形坑 2.1.2 ，遮蔽件 2 无法再次转动，也无法再反向转动，这样针管尖端部分及管身得到包裹，如图 13 所示。如此针尖不会伤到人，针管上血液也不会外滴而污染环境，由于针管护套 1 与遮蔽件 2 之间绕轴线相互止动，遮蔽件 2 无法转动，也就无法重新打开针管护套上槽缝 1.7 ，针管 3 就不会裸露出来，使得注射针管不可能再次使用，达到一次性使用目的，而且在丢弃注射器之前，可一只手再次捏住护套捏耳，摆动护套，可令针管弯曲变形，达到毁坏针管目的，使得一次性使用目的得到进一步保证。尤其是在抽取动静脉血液样本场合，带有内螺牙锁紧的注射器在退出针管过程中，不会发生针座与注射筒分离，避免了医疗事故发生。
本实施例未述部分与现有技术相同。

Claims (9)

  1. 摆动式安全型注射器，包括针管护套、针管、针座以及注射筒，其特征在于，还包括摆动连接件和限制摆动的上卡扣装置，摆动连接件前段与针管护套连接，后段则与针座铰接，一种在操作力作用下可以脱扣的上卡扣装置设置在摆动连接件和针座之间， 针管护套一侧开有一种开口在后端的槽缝，随摆动连接件一起相对针管、针座摆动的针管护套藉着此槽缝摆入包裹在针管外围并直至上卡扣装置卡接。
  2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的摆动式安全型注射器，其特征在于，还包括有一种在操作力作用下可以脱扣的下卡扣装置，此下卡扣装置也设置在摆动连接件和针座之间，摆起的针管护套至极限位置时，下卡扣装置卡接。
  3. 根据权利要求 1 所述的摆动式安全型注射器，其特征在于，还包含有一种遮蔽件和一种遮蔽锁死装置，该遮蔽件贴靠在针管护套的内壁面并以可相对针管护套滑移或遮蔽或开放槽缝的方式与针管护套滑动连接，遮蔽锁死装置包括锁母和锁扣，分别位于遮蔽件和针管护套上，遮蔽件处于遮蔽槽缝的极限状态时，该锁母和锁扣对应扣接并以在操作力作用下仍难以滑移打开的方式锁死遮蔽件。
  4. 根据权利要求 2 所述的摆动式安全型注射器，其特征在于，遮蔽件是一种旋转遮蔽件，呈弧形贴靠在针管护套的内圆周壁面，在其前端面外侧壁上设有一扇形凹槽，凹槽宽度正好能够让针管护套前端内侧壁上的对应扇形凸卡绕壳体轴线在其内滑动连接，凹槽底面中间设有一段逐渐上升的斜面，凹槽余下一扇形坑，大小正好能容纳下针管护套上的扇形凸卡，此扇形凸卡是遮蔽件绕针管护套弧形滑转的绞支点，也是锁死装置的锁扣，扇形坑是锁死装置的锁母。
  5. 根据权利要求 4 所述的摆动式安全型注射器，其特征在于，针管护套是一种圆锥长壳体，遮蔽件也是一种圆锥长壳体，但尺寸略小套置在针管护套内。
  6. 根据权利要求 3 或 4 或 5 所述的摆动式安全型注射器，其特征在于，遮蔽件上还设有一种拨片，此拨片突露在针管护套外。
  7. 根据权利要求 1 所述的摆动式安全型注射器，其特征在于，摆动连接件的前端是一U形壁，此 U 形壁后端面向后对称延伸两凸耳，两凸耳间构成一夹缝， U 形壁与两凸耳外周面包络呈一种圆柱面，圆柱面大小正好与针管护套后端内腔紧密配合，凸耳外侧正中间设有对称凸筋，此对称凸筋与针管护套后段的对称长槽对应插置连接，凸耳内侧面上设有止动凹坑，此止动凹坑与针座上对应设置的止动凸点构成卡扣装置，摆动连接件还设有贯穿凸耳的铰链孔，针座两侧面上对称设置的短绞支轴与该铰链孔对应铰接。
  8. 根据权利要求 1 所述的摆动式安全型注射器，其特征在于， 针管护套的外周壁上突露有一种捏耳。
  9. 根据权利要求 1 所述的摆动式安全型注射器，其特征在于，针座前段是一扁平体，后段是阶梯圆柱体，其中间由植针孔和圆锥孔组成，其外围在扁平体平面上设有对称短绞支轴和止动凸点，在圆柱体后端设有双螺牙以与注射筒上内螺牙旋转紧定。
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CN108310535A (zh) * 2018-01-04 2018-07-24 福建省百仕韦医用高分子股份有限公司 槽缝交错凸卡式防止针管裸露的留置针
CN110101943A (zh) * 2019-05-31 2019-08-09 安徽宏宇五洲医疗器械股份有限公司 一种防针刺胰岛素注射器

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