WO2015013995A1

WO2015013995A1 - Endoscopic ultrasonic imaging device and method for nasopharynx cancer

Info

Publication number: WO2015013995A1
Application number: PCT/CN2013/081350
Authority: WO
Inventors: 郑海荣; 邱维宝; 黎国锋; 梁长虹
Original assignee: 深圳先进技术研究院
Priority date: 2013-07-31
Filing date: 2013-08-13
Publication date: 2015-02-05
Also published as: CN103385736A; CN103385736B

Abstract

An endoscopic ultrasonic imaging device and method for nasopharynx cancer. The device comprises: a camera (110), used for acquiring an optical tissue image on the inner surface of a nasopharynx; a video signal processing unit (120), used for converting an optical tissue image signal into a video digital signal; a control and imaging unit (130), used for storing and displaying the digital signal and sending a control instruction; an ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit (140), used for generating a specific pulse signal according to an ultrasonic control instruction for ultrasonic excitation, processing an ultrasonic echo signal and then performing ultrasonic image display; and an ultrasonic transducer (150), used for generating an ultrasonic wave for scanning the interior of the nasopharynx according to the pulse signal, receiving the ultrasonic echo signal and converting the ultrasonic echo signal into an electric echo signal; the ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit (140) is also used for processing the electric echo signal; the control and imaging unit (130) is also used for performing ultrasonic imaging according to the processed electric echo signal. The detection accuracy is improved.

Description

Endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasonic imaging device and method

[Technical Field]

The invention relates to a medical device, in particular to an endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasonic imaging device and method.

【Background technique】

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a malignant tumor that originates in the nasopharynx. There are about 600,000 new cases of nasopharyngeal cancer every year in the world, ranking fifth in the incidence of malignant tumors. The early symptoms of nasopharyngeal carcinoma are not obvious. The symptoms in the middle and late stage include blood stasis, blood stasis, tinnitus, deafness, cervical lymphadenopathy, headache, facial numbness, double vision, drooping eyelids, blindness, difficulty swallowing, hoarseness, and skewed tongue. Wait. Most of the symptoms do not cause pain in patients, and are easily confused with the symptoms of other causes; usually, nasopharyngeal carcinoma occurs in the mucosa of the nasopharyngeal wall, which is relatively concealed, and conventional indirect nasopharyngoscopy is difficult to accurately distinguish cancerous tissue. Therefore, the onset of nasopharyngeal cancer is easily overlooked or misdiagnosed. Because the nasopharynx is similar to important tissues and organs such as the brain, intracranial blood vessels, lymph nodes, and nerves, carcinoma in situ originating from the nasopharyngeal mucosa can easily invade important tissues and organs such as the brain, and even transfer to distant places through lymphatic vessels and blood vessels. Liver, lungs and bones. This is an important cause of high mortality in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Early detection and early treatment are the key principles for the prevention and treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

According to the pathological characteristics of tumor cells, nasopharyngeal carcinoma can be divided into carcinoma in situ, microinvasive carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, vesicular nucleus cell carcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma. According to the shape of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, it can be divided into nodular type, cauliflower type, infiltrating type, ulcer type and submucosal type. In order to uniformly evaluate the scope of tumor invasion, the TNM standard is often used (that is, according to the comprehensive evaluation of the degree of tumor invasion of other tissues and organs, the degree of tumor invasion of adjacent lymph nodes, the extent of tumor metastasis to other parts), the tumor is divided into I, II, III. , IVa, IVb five. The later the TNM stage, the higher the degree of tumor invasion and metastasis, and the lower the patient's treatment survival rate. Because nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells are very sensitive to high-energy radiation, radiation therapy is the main treatment for nasopharyngeal cancer. Before the implementation of radiotherapy, CT, MRI and other imaging methods should be used to accurately locate the tumor range to determine the location and dose of radiation.

However, CT imaging technology has a high density resolution and is suitable for imaging bone or calcified tissue, but it is a soft rib for human soft tissue imaging. Cancerous or fibrotic nasopharyngeal mucosa tissue can be roughly identified in CT imaging, but subtle (eg, less than 1 mm in diameter) tissue variation is difficult to reliably identify. MRI technology, each performance is superior to CT imaging technology, but its diagnosis is expensive, it is contraindicated for patients with metal or magnetic materials implanted in the body, and is not sensitive to subtle (such as diameter less than 1 mm) tissue variability.

[Summary of the Invention]

Based on this, it is necessary to provide an endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasound imaging device capable of improving detection accuracy in view of the current inaccurate detection of devices for nasopharyngeal detection.

In addition, it is also necessary to provide an endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasound imaging method that can improve the detection accuracy.

An endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasound imaging apparatus, comprising:

a camera for collecting tissue optical images of the inner surface of the nasopharynx;

a video signal processing unit, coupled to the camera, for processing the collected tissue optical image into a digital signal;

a control and imaging unit coupled to the video signal processing unit for storing and displaying the digital signal and issuing a control command;

An ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit is coupled to the control and imaging unit for receiving a control command sent by the control and imaging unit, and generating a specific pulse signal according to the control command;

An ultrasonic transducer connected to the ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit for generating an ultrasonic wave in the nasopharynx according to the pulse signal excitation, and receiving an ultrasonic echo signal reflected by the nasopharynx, and the ultrasound The echo signal is converted into an echo electrical signal, and the echo electrical signal is sent to the ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit;

The ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit is further configured to process the echo electrical signal and transmit the processed echo electrical signal to the control and imaging unit;

The control and imaging unit is further configured to perform ultrasonic imaging according to the processed echo electrical signal, and obtain a video image according to the digital signal, and guide and position the ultrasonic transducer according to the video image.

In one embodiment, the ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit includes an excitation and data processor, a pulse driver, a pulse transmitter, a high voltage switch, a low noise amplifier, a filter, an analog to digital converter, which are sequentially connected, and the excitation Connected to the control and imaging unit with a data processor, the high voltage switch being coupled to the ultrasonic transducer;

The excitation and data processor is configured to receive a control command sent by the control and imaging unit, and control the pulse driver and the pulse generator to generate a specific pulse signal according to the control instruction, and send the pulse signal to Transmitting a high voltage switch to the ultrasonic transducer to excite the ultrasonic transducer to generate ultrasonic waves;

The echo electrical signal converted by the ultrasonic transducer is transferred by the high voltage switch, processed by the low noise amplifier, the filter, the analog/digital converter, the excitation and the data processor, and then transmitted to The control and imaging unit.

In one embodiment, the ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit processes the echo electrical signal, including a digital filtering algorithm, a time gain compensation algorithm, an envelope detection algorithm, a digital scan transform algorithm, and a Doppler spectrum analysis algorithm. And processing at least one of the image enhancement algorithms.

In one embodiment, the control and imaging unit comprises a human interaction subunit, a video signal storage and display subunit, a control subunit, an excitation sequence generation subunit, a buffer subunit, and a multiparametric ultrasound imaging subunit. The excitation sequence generating subunit and the buffer subunit are respectively connected to the ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit through a data interface;

The video signal storage and display subunit is configured to receive a digital signal transmitted by the video signal processing unit;

The human interaction subunit is configured to receive an input imaging control parameter, and transmit the imaging control parameter to the control subunit and the excitation sequence generation subunit to generate a pulse sequence;

The excitation sequence generating subunit is configured to send the pulse sequence to the ultrasound excitation and receiving unit through a data interface;

The buffer subunit is configured to receive and store the echo electrical signal, and transmit the echo electrical signal to the multiparametric ultrasound imaging subunit;

The multi-parametric ultrasound imaging sub-unit is configured to perform multi-parameter fusion imaging according to the echo electrical signal, and display the multi-parameter fusion imaging in the human-machine interaction sub-unit.

In one embodiment, the ultrasonic transducer includes a plurality of ultrasonic transducers, each ultrasonic transducer comprising a semi-separated piezoelectric material and two electrode plates.

In one of the embodiments, the specific pulse signal has a frequency of 10 MHz to 60 MHz.

An endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasound imaging method, comprising:

An initialization step of providing a camera, a video signal processing unit, a control and imaging unit, an ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit, and an ultrasonic transducer;

a video capturing step of collecting a tissue optical image of the inner surface of the nasopharynx through the camera, converting the digital signal to a digital signal, and transmitting the digital signal to the control and imaging unit for saving and displaying, according to the The digital signal guides and positions the ultrasonic transducer;

Generating a pulse signal step, by which the control unit and the imaging unit issue a control command to control the ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit to generate a specific pulse signal;

a scanning step of generating ultrasonic waves in the nasopharynx by the ultrasonic transducer according to the pulse signal excitation, and receiving the ultrasonic echo signals of the intranasal pharynx by the ultrasonic transducer, and the ultrasound The echo signal is converted into an echo electrical signal, and the echo electrical signal is sent to the ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit;

a correction step of processing the echo electrical signal;

And an imaging step of performing ultrasound imaging according to the processed echo electrical signal.

The step of generating a pulse signal includes:

Receiving, by the excitation and data processor, a control instruction sent by the control and imaging unit, and controlling the pulse driver and the pulse generator to generate a specific pulse signal according to the control instruction, and transmitting the pulse signal through the Transmitting a high voltage switch to the ultrasonic transducer to excite the ultrasonic transducer to generate ultrasonic waves;

The correcting steps include:

Transmitting the echo electrical signal converted by the ultrasonic transducer through the high voltage switch, and transmitting the signal through the low noise amplifier, the filter, the analog/digital converter, the excitation and the data processor, and then transmitted The control and imaging unit is given.

In one of the embodiments, the correcting step comprises:

Processing the echo signal includes processing by using at least one of a digital filtering algorithm, a time gain compensation algorithm, an envelope detection algorithm, a digital scan transform algorithm, a Doppler spectrum analysis algorithm, and an image enhancement algorithm.

The above-mentioned endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasound imaging device and method, the tissue optical image is collected by the camera, the video image is provided for guiding and positioning of the ultrasonic transducer, and the soft tissue of the nasopharyngeal wall is imaged by the ultrasonic transducer to realize the inner wall of the nasopharynx Soft tissue full depth accurate imaging improves the accuracy of the test. The traditional nasopharyngeal endoscope uses optical imaging to observe the color, luster and shape of the surface of the nasopharyngeal wall.

In addition, the production cost is not high, the equipment maintenance cost is low, so the examination cost for the patient is low, and ultrasound is used as an imaging medium, and there is no ionizing radiation caused by high energy rays.

[Description of the Drawings]

1 is a schematic structural view of an endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasonic imaging apparatus in an embodiment;

2 is a schematic diagram of an endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasound imaging device applied to imaging a predilection site of nasopharyngeal carcinoma;

Figure 3 is a schematic view of the ultrasound transducer imaging the soft tissue of the nasopharyngeal cavity inner wall;

4 is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of an ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit in one embodiment;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of the control and imaging unit in one embodiment;

6 is a flow chart of an ultrasonic imaging method for endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma in one embodiment.

【detailed description】

The technical solutions of the endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasound imaging apparatus and method will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings to make it clearer.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasound imaging apparatus in one embodiment. The endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasonic imaging apparatus includes a camera 110, a video signal processing unit 120, a control and imaging unit 130, an ultrasonic excitation and reception unit 140, and an ultrasonic transducer 150, which are sequentially connected.

Among them, the camera 110 is used to collect a tissue optical image of the inner surface of the nasopharynx.

In this embodiment, the camera 110 adopts a high-definition camera. The camera 110 can be inserted into the nasopharynx through the nostrils to achieve high-definition optical imaging of the inner surface of the nasopharynx to collect tissue optical images of the inner surface of the nasopharynx.

The video signal processing unit 120 is configured to process the acquired tissue optical image into a digital signal, and transmit the processed digital signal to the control and imaging unit 130.

The control and imaging unit 130 is configured to optimize, save, and display the digital signal, and obtain a video image based on the digital signal, and direct and position the ultrasonic transducer 150 based on the video image. Control and imaging unit 130 also issues control commands and transmits control commands to ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit 140.

The ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit 140 is configured to receive a control command sent by the control and imaging unit 130, and generate a specific pulse signal according to the control command. The frequency of the pulse signal is 10 MHz (megahertz) to 60 MHz.

An ultrasonic transducer (ultrasonic probe) 150 is configured to generate an ultrasonic wave in the nasopharynx according to the pulse signal excitation, and receive the ultrasonic echo signal reflected by the nasopharynx, and convert the ultrasonic echo signal into an echo electrical signal And transmitting the echo electrical signal to the ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit 140. In this embodiment, the ultrasonic transducer 150 includes a plurality of ultrasonic transducers.

The ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit 140 is further configured to process the echo electrical signal and transmit the processed echo electrical signal to the control and imaging unit 130.

In this embodiment, the ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit 140 processes the echo electrical signal, including a digital filtering algorithm, a time gain compensation algorithm, an envelope detection algorithm, a digital scan transform algorithm, a Doppler spectrum analysis algorithm, and an image enhancement algorithm. At least one of them is processed. The digital filtering algorithm performs band-pass filtering on the input RF signal by filtering appropriate filter parameters to filter out high-frequency noise and low-frequency interference signals; and the time gain compensation algorithm adjusts the gain of the echo signals at different times according to preset rules. The echo signals of different tissue depths are obtained with different gain compensation to ensure the consistency of signal strengths at different depths; the envelope detection algorithm uses Hilbert transform to obtain the amplitude of the RF signal, and removes the high frequency carrier component; The scan transformation algorithm converts the data collected and saved according to the polar coordinates into a data storage mode according to rectangular coordinates through spatial recombination and interpolation, so as to facilitate subsequent display; Doppler spectrum analysis algorithm, through Hilbert transform The RF echo data is converted into two orthogonal data, and then the data of a specific depth is selected by a low-pass filter and a window filter timing, and the spectral data is output through the complex fast Fourier transform to display the blood flow rate information.

The control and imaging unit 130 is also operative to perform ultrasound imaging based on the processed echo electrical signals.

The above-mentioned endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasound imaging device is applied to image the predilection site of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, as shown in Fig. 2, the ultrasonic transducer 150 extends into the nasopharyngeal cavity, 22 is the nasal cavity, and 24 is the nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Part. Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the ultrasound transducer imaging the soft tissue of the nasopharyngeal cavity. The inner wall of the nasopharyngeal cavity is usually divided into a mucosal layer, a fibrous layer, a muscle layer and a fascia layer.

The above-mentioned endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasonic imaging device collects tissue optical images through a camera, provides a video image for guiding and positioning of the ultrasonic transducer, and uses an ultrasonic transducer to image the soft tissue of the nasopharyngeal inner wall to realize the soft tissue of the nasopharyngeal inner wall. Deep precision imaging improves the accuracy of the test. The traditional nasopharyngeal endoscope uses optical imaging to observe the color, luster and shape of the surface of the nasopharyngeal wall.

As shown in FIG. 4, it is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit 140 in one embodiment. The ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit 140 includes an excitation and data processor 141, a pulse driver 142, a pulse generator 143, a high voltage switch 144, a low noise amplifier 145, a filter 146, and an analog/digital converter 147 which are sequentially connected. The excitation and data processor 141 is coupled to the control and imaging unit 130 via a data interface 160, and the high voltage switch 144 is coupled to the ultrasonic transducer 150.

The excitation and data processor 141 is configured to receive a control command sent by the control and imaging unit 130, and control the pulse driver 142 and the pulse generator 143 to generate a specific pulse signal according to the control command, and transmit the pulse signal to the high voltage switch 144 to The ultrasonic transducer 150 excites the ultrasonic transducer 150 to generate ultrasonic waves. The pulse driver 142 performs signal prevention processing for the pulse generator 143 of the next stage. The pulse generator 143 is similar to a power amplifier or a high power electronic switch.

The ultrasonic transducer 150 receives the ultrasonic echo signal reflected by the nasopharynx and converts the ultrasonic echo signal into an echo electrical signal, and after the electrical signal of the echo is transferred through the high voltage switch 144, passes through the low noise amplifier 145. The filter 146, the analog to digital converter 147, the excitation and data processor 141 are processed and transmitted to the control and imaging unit 130.

The low noise amplifier 145 amplifies the echo electrical signal, the filter 146 filters the echo electrical signal, and the analog/digital converter 147 converts the analog echo electrical signal into a digital echo electrical signal. The excitation and data processor 141 performs time gain compensation algorithm processing, envelope detection algorithm processing, digital scan conversion algorithm processing, Doppler spectrum analysis algorithm processing, image addition algorithm processing, and the like on the digital echo electric signals. The processed echo electrical signal is transmitted to the control and imaging unit 130 through the data interface. In addition, the excitation and data processor 141 also performs beam combining processing on the digital echo electrical signals.

As shown in FIG. 5, the control and imaging unit 130 includes a video signal storage and display subunit 131, a human interaction subunit 132, a control subunit 133, an excitation sequence generation subunit 134, a buffer subunit 135, and a plurality of parameters sequentially connected in sequence. Ultrasound imaging subunit 136. The excitation sequence generating sub-unit 134 and the buffer sub-unit 135 are respectively connected to the ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit 140 through the data interface 160. The video signal storage and display subunit 131 is connected to the video signal processing unit 120.

The video signal storage and display sub-unit 131 is for receiving a digital signal transmitted by the video signal processing unit 120.

The human machine interaction sub-unit 132 is configured to receive the input imaging control parameters and transmit the imaging control parameters to the control sub-unit 133 and the excitation sequence generation sub-unit 134 to generate a pulse sequence. The imaging control parameter refers to a parameter that stimulates the generation of a pulse sequence, such as a pulse period. The human-computer interaction sub-unit 132 includes interactive devices such as a keyboard, a mouse, a touch screen, and a display.

The excitation sequence generation sub-unit 134 is configured to transmit the pulse sequence to the ultrasound excitation and reception unit 140 via the data interface.

The buffer sub-unit 135 is configured to receive and store the echo electrical signal and transmit the echo electrical signal to the multi-parametric ultrasound imaging sub-unit 136.

The multi-parametric ultrasound imaging sub-unit 136 is configured to perform multi-parameter fusion imaging according to the echo electrical signal, and display the multi-parameter fusion imaging in the human-machine interaction sub-unit 132. The multi-parameters include B-MODE imaging parameters, spectral parameters, blood flow Doppler shift parameters, and the like. The multi-parametric fusion imaging is dominated by B-ultrasound imaging. The human-computer interaction sub-unit 132 can display a real-time color image acquired by the camera 110 and an ultrasound B-ultrasound image for ultrasound imaging based on the echo electrical signal.

The above-mentioned endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasonic imaging device has low manufacturing cost and low equipment maintenance cost, so the examination cost for the patient is low, and ultrasound is used as an imaging medium, and there is no ionizing radiation caused by high energy rays.

In addition, the above-mentioned endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasound imaging device can be applied to early detection of nasopharyngeal cancer detection, because if the tumor tissue grows in the mucosa and has not caused a significant shape change of the inner wall of the nasopharynx, no nasopharyngeal mirror is used. It is difficult to image nasopharyngeal carcinoma by CT or MRI, and the endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasound imaging device can be used to image the location and size of the tumor lesion.

As shown in FIG. 6, it is a flow chart of an endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasound imaging method in one embodiment. The endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasound imaging method includes:

Step S610, an initialization step of providing a camera, a video signal processing unit, a control and imaging unit, an ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit, and an ultrasonic transducer connected in sequence.

Specifically, the ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit includes an excitation and data processor, a pulse driver, a pulse transmitter, a high voltage switch, a low noise amplifier, a filter, an analog/digital converter, which are sequentially connected, and the excitation and data processor The control is coupled to an imaging unit that is coupled to the ultrasonic transducer.

Step S620, a video acquisition step, collecting, by the camera, a tissue optical image of the inner surface of the nasopharynx, converting the digital signal into a digital signal by the video signal processing unit, and transmitting the digital signal to the control and imaging unit for saving and displaying, according to the number The signal guides and positions the ultrasonic transducer.

Step S630, a step of generating a pulse signal, by which the control unit and the imaging unit issue a control command to control the ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit to generate a specific pulse signal.

In this embodiment, the step of generating a pulse signal includes: receiving, by the excitation and data processor, a control instruction sent by the control and imaging unit, and controlling the pulse driver and the pulse generator to generate a specific pulse signal according to the control instruction, and The pulse signal is transmitted to the ultrasonic transducer via the high voltage switch to excite the ultrasonic transducer to generate ultrasonic waves.

The frequency of the pulse signal is 10 MHz (megahertz) to 60 MHz.

Step S640, a scanning step, the ultrasonic transducer generates excitation of ultrasonic waves in the nasopharynx according to the pulse signal, and receives the ultrasonic echo signal of the intranasal pharynx by the ultrasonic transducer, and the ultrasonic echo is The signal is converted into an echo electrical signal and the echo electrical signal is sent to the ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit.

Step S650, a correction step of processing the echo electrical signal.

In this embodiment, the correcting step includes: converting the echo electrical signal converted by the ultrasonic transducer through the high voltage switch, and passing through the low noise amplifier, the filter, the analog/digital converter, the excitation and the data processing. After processing, it is transmitted to the control and imaging unit.

In addition, the correcting step includes: processing the echo signal by using at least one of a digital filtering algorithm, a time gain compensation algorithm, an envelope detection algorithm, a digital scan transform algorithm, a Doppler spectrum analysis algorithm, and an image enhancement algorithm. deal with.

Step S660, an imaging step of performing ultrasound imaging according to the processed echo electrical signal.

The above-mentioned endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasound imaging method collects tissue optical images through a camera, provides a video image for guiding and positioning of the ultrasonic transducer, and uses an ultrasonic transducer to image the soft tissue of the nasopharyngeal inner wall to realize the soft tissue of the nasopharyngeal inner wall. Deep precision imaging improves the accuracy of the test. The traditional nasopharyngeal endoscope uses optical imaging to observe the color, luster and shape of the surface of the nasopharyngeal wall.

The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that a number of variations and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

An endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasonic imaging device, comprising:

a camera for collecting tissue optical images of the inner surface of the nasopharynx;

a video signal processing unit, coupled to the camera, for processing the collected tissue optical image into a digital signal;

a control and imaging unit coupled to the video signal processing unit for storing and displaying the digital signal and issuing a control command;

An ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit is connected to the control and imaging unit for receiving a control command sent by the control and imaging unit, and generating a specific pulse signal according to the control command, and performing ultrasonic echo signal processing;

An ultrasonic transducer connected to the ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit for generating an ultrasonic wave in the nasopharynx according to the pulse signal excitation, and receiving an ultrasonic echo signal reflected by the tissue in the nasopharynx, and The ultrasonic echo signal is converted into an echo electrical signal, and the echo electrical signal is sent to the ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit;

The ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit is further configured to process the echo electrical signal and transmit the processed echo electrical signal to the control and imaging unit;

The control and imaging unit is further configured to perform ultrasonic imaging according to the processed echo electrical signal, and obtain a video image according to the digital signal, and guide and position the ultrasonic transducer according to the video image.
The endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasound imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit comprises an excitation and data processor, a pulse driver, a pulse transmitter, a high voltage switch, and a low noise sequentially connected in sequence. An amplifier, a filter, an analog to digital converter, the excitation and data processor being coupled to the control and imaging unit, the high voltage switch being coupled to the ultrasonic transducer;

The excitation and data processor is configured to receive a control command sent by the control and imaging unit, and control the pulse driver and the pulse generator to generate a specific pulse signal according to the control instruction, and send the pulse signal to Transmitting a high voltage switch to the ultrasonic transducer to excite the ultrasonic transducer to generate ultrasonic waves;

The echo electrical signal converted by the ultrasonic transducer is transferred by the high voltage switch, processed by the low noise amplifier, the filter, the analog/digital converter, the excitation and the data processor, and then transmitted to The control and imaging unit.
The endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasound imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit processes the echo electrical signal, including using a digital filtering algorithm, a time gain compensation algorithm, and an envelope. At least one of a detection algorithm, a digital scan transform algorithm, a Doppler spectrum analysis algorithm, and an image enhancement algorithm performs processing.
The endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasound imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control and imaging unit comprises a human-computer interaction sub-unit, a video signal storage and display sub-unit, a control sub-unit, and an excitation sequence generator. a unit, a buffer subunit, and a multi-parameter ultrasound imaging subunit, wherein the excitation sequence generating subunit and the buffer subunit are respectively connected to the ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit through a data interface;

The video signal storage and display subunit is configured to receive a digital signal transmitted by the video signal processing unit;

The human interaction subunit is configured to receive an input imaging control parameter, and transmit the imaging control parameter to the control subunit and the excitation sequence generation subunit to generate a pulse sequence;

The excitation sequence generating subunit is configured to send the pulse sequence to the ultrasound excitation and receiving unit through a data interface;

The buffer subunit is configured to receive and store the echo electrical signal, and transmit the echo electrical signal to the multiparametric ultrasound imaging subunit;

The multi-parametric ultrasound imaging sub-unit is configured to perform multi-parameter fusion imaging according to the echo electrical signal, and display the multi-parameter fusion imaging in the human-machine interaction sub-unit.
The endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasound imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic transducer comprises a plurality of ultrasonic transducers.
The endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasonic imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the specific pulse signal has a frequency of 10 MHz to 60 MHz.
An endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasound imaging method, comprising:

An initialization step of providing a camera, a video signal processing unit, a control and imaging unit, an ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit, and an ultrasonic transducer;

a video capturing step of collecting a tissue optical image of the inner surface of the nasopharynx through the camera, converting the digital signal to a digital signal, and transmitting the digital signal to the control and imaging unit for saving and displaying, according to the The digital signal guides and positions the ultrasonic transducer;

Generating a pulse signal step, by which the control unit and the imaging unit issue a control command to control the ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit to generate a specific pulse signal;

a scanning step of generating ultrasonic waves in the nasopharynx by the ultrasonic transducer according to the pulse signal excitation, and receiving the ultrasonic echo signals of the intranasal pharynx by the ultrasonic transducer, and the ultrasound The echo signal is converted into an echo electrical signal, and the echo electrical signal is sent to the ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit;

a correction step of processing the echo electrical signal;

And an imaging step of performing ultrasound imaging according to the processed echo electrical signal.
The endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasound imaging method according to claim 7, wherein the ultrasonic excitation and receiving unit comprises an excitation and data processor, a pulse driver, a pulse transmitter, a high voltage switch, and a low noise sequentially connected in sequence. An amplifier, a filter, an analog to digital converter, the excitation and data processor being coupled to the control and imaging unit, the high voltage switch being coupled to the ultrasonic transducer;

The step of generating a pulse signal includes:

Receiving, by the excitation and data processor, a control instruction sent by the control and imaging unit, and controlling the pulse driver and the pulse generator to generate a specific pulse signal according to the control instruction, and transmitting the pulse signal through the Transmitting a high voltage switch to the ultrasonic transducer to excite the ultrasonic transducer to generate ultrasonic waves;

The correcting steps include:

Transmitting the echo electrical signal converted by the ultrasonic transducer through the high voltage switch, and transmitting the signal through the low noise amplifier, the filter, the analog/digital converter, the excitation and the data processor, and then transmitted The control and imaging unit is given.
The method according to claim 7, wherein the correcting step comprises:

Processing the echo signal includes processing by using at least one of a digital filtering algorithm, a time gain compensation algorithm, an envelope detection algorithm, a digital scan transform algorithm, a Doppler spectrum analysis algorithm, and an image enhancement algorithm.
The endoscopic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ultrasound imaging method according to claim 7, wherein the specific pulse signal has a frequency of 10 MHz to 60 MHz.