WO2015013990A1 - Method and apparatus for drying and dry distillation or pyrolysis, in which the majority of the heat of vaporization can be recycled - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for drying and dry distillation or pyrolysis, in which the majority of the heat of vaporization can be recycled Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015013990A1 WO2015013990A1 PCT/CN2013/081037 CN2013081037W WO2015013990A1 WO 2015013990 A1 WO2015013990 A1 WO 2015013990A1 CN 2013081037 W CN2013081037 W CN 2013081037W WO 2015013990 A1 WO2015013990 A1 WO 2015013990A1
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- heating
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- pyrolysis
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000010980 drying distillation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 175
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000011068 load Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000903 blocking Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002456 HOTAIR Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940108066 Coal Tar Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large scale production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONAGEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
- C10B47/28—Other processes
- C10B47/32—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means
- C10B47/46—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means with trucks, containers, or trays
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
- F26B15/10—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions
- F26B15/12—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined
- F26B15/16—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined the objects or batches of materials being carried by wheeled trucks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
- F26B23/001—Heating arrangements using waste heat
- F26B23/002—Heating arrangements using waste heat recovered from dryer exhaust gases
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The present invention discloses a method and apparatus for drying and dry distillation or pyrolysis, in which the majority of the heat of vaporization can be recycled; a loading vehicle enters a heating channel having a heating apparatus using indirect heat conduction or radiation heat transfer, said channel also being provided with a low temperature preheating stage and a high temperature heating stage. By means of setting the length of the low temperature heating stage and the high temperature heating stage, controlling the travel speed of the loading vehicle, and adjusting the indirect heat conduction or radiation heat transfer heating apparatus, optimal results are achieved in cooling and condensation of steam and exhaust, and drying and dry distillation or pyrolysis. A material which has undergone drying or low temperature dry distillation can be continuously or intermittently fed into an independent heating channel, then heated, dry distilled, and pyrolyzed. The gaseous products of the independent heating channel are collected, separated, and processed; the steam produced by the heating apparatus using indirect heat conduction or radiation heat transfer is recycled back to any one of the preceding heating channels. The method and apparatus allow for saving energy and reducing consumption substantially, are environmentally friendly and easy to control, and the equipment is simple and inexpensive to manufacture and can be readily produced on a large scale.
Description
本发明涉及煤炭等高水分物料烘干领域，尤其是涉及褐煤和低变质长焰煤的烘干、干馏或热解领域。 The invention relates to the field of drying high-moisture materials such as coal, in particular to the fields of drying, dry distillation or pyrolysis of lignite and low-grade long-flame coal.
现有大部份烘干技术都是把水分转化成水蒸气排空，水蒸汽携带大量的汽化热没有回收利用。且现有的干馏和热解的工艺复杂，设备投资大，生产成本高，环境污染和节能降耗的控制程度差。
Most of the existing drying technologies convert water into steam and empty, and water vapor carries a large amount of heat of vaporization without recycling. Moreover, the existing processes of dry distillation and pyrolysis are complicated, the equipment investment is large, the production cost is high, and the degree of control of environmental pollution and energy saving is poor.
针对现有技术存在的问题，本发明提供一种汽化热可大部回收利用的烘干、干馏或热解方法及装置。经该方法及装置烘干的物料蒸发的水份可以大部分以冷凝水形式排出，汽化热可大部回收利用，大幅节能降耗，且环保易于控制，设备简单造价低，易于大批量生产。In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a drying, retorting or pyrolysis method and apparatus for recycling and utilizing most of the vaporization heat. The water evaporated by the material dried by the method and the device can be mostly discharged in the form of condensed water, and the vaporization heat can be mostly recycled, greatly saving energy and reducing consumption, environmental protection is easy to control, the equipment is simple and low in cost, and is easy to mass-produce.
为实现上述目的，本发明技术方案为：To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:
一种汽化热可大部回收利用的烘干、干馏或热解方法，其特征在于：该方法具体实施步骤如下：①装料：将物料装入装料车上的多个金属料管内；②进料:装料完成的装料车从以设定好的速度或间歇性地从加热通道进口端进入，加热通道采用间接导热或辐射传热的加热装置，并设置有低温预热段和高温加热段，装料车由低温预热段经高温加热段向出口端移动；③烘干、干馏或热解：通过设定低温预热段的长度和控制装料车的行进速度即可控制预热时间，以达到蒸汽和尾气冷却、冷凝的最佳效果；通过设定高温加热段的长度和控制装料车的行进速度即可调整加热时间，还可通过调整加热通道中的间接导热或辐射传热的加热装置以调整加热温度，从而达到所需要的烘干、干馏或热解效果；④经烘干或低温干馏完毕的物料，经装料车从加热通道出口端送出。A method for drying, retorting or pyrolysis in which most of the vaporization heat can be recycled, characterized in that: the specific implementation steps of the method are as follows: 1 charging: loading the materials into a plurality of metal material tubes on the loading vehicle; Feeding: The loading of the loading vehicle enters from the inlet end of the heating channel at a set speed or intermittently. The heating channel adopts a heating device of indirect heat conduction or radiation heat transfer, and is provided with a low temperature preheating section and a high temperature. In the heating section, the loading car moves from the low temperature preheating section to the outlet end through the high temperature heating section; 3 drying, retorting or pyrolysis: the preheating can be controlled by setting the length of the low temperature preheating section and controlling the traveling speed of the loading vehicle Hot time to achieve the best effect of steam and exhaust cooling and condensation; the heating time can be adjusted by setting the length of the high temperature heating section and controlling the travel speed of the loading vehicle, and by adjusting the indirect heat conduction or radiation in the heating channel The heating device for heat transfer adjusts the heating temperature to achieve the desired drying, retorting or pyrolysis effect; 4 the material after drying or low temperature retorting is sent out from the outlet end of the heating channel by the charging vehicle .
进一步，经烘干或低温干馏完毕的物料，经装料车从上述加热通道出口端送出后，可连续性或间歇性送进后续的一独立加热通道，在该独立加热通道内再加热进行干馏、热解，干馏、热解的气态产物收集分离处理，固态的产物留在装料车内；独立加热通道内的间接导热或辐射传热的加热装置产生的蒸汽回收到前面的任一个加热通道中；经该独立加热通道干馏、热解完毕的物料，经冷却卸料或卸料后冷却后，即为成品。Further, after drying or low-temperature dry distillation, the material is sent out from the outlet end of the heating channel by the charging vehicle, and can be continuously or intermittently fed into a subsequent independent heating channel, and reheated in the independent heating channel for retorting. , pyrolysis, dry distillation, pyrolysis of gaseous products are collected and separated, solid products are left in the loading vehicle; steam generated by the indirect heat conduction or radiation heat transfer heating device in the independent heating channel is recovered to any of the preceding heating channels Medium; the material that has been retorted and pyrolyzed by the independent heating channel is cooled after unloading or unloading and then cooling.
一种汽化热可大部回收利用的烘干、干馏或热解装置，该装置包括一个或多个分段串联的加热通道，于加热通道内设置有间接导热或辐射传热的加热装置。A drying, retorting or pyrolysis device in which the heat of vaporization can be mostly recycled. The device comprises one or more heating channels connected in series, and a heating device for indirect heat conduction or radiation heat transfer is arranged in the heating channel.
进一步，所述加热通道呈圆柱状。Further, the heating channel has a cylindrical shape.
进一步，至少加热通道的其中一端部设置有气流封堵装置。Further, at least one end of the heating passage is provided with an airflow blocking device.
进一步，所述加热通道包括有一独立加热通道，所述独立加热通道设置有一个以上的气态产物排放口，所述气态产物排放口通过外部的处理设备收集独立加热通道中干馏或热解产生的气态产物。Further, the heating channel includes an independent heating channel, the independent heating channel is provided with more than one gaseous product discharge port, and the gaseous product discharge port collects the gaseous state generated by dry distillation or pyrolysis in the independent heating channel through an external processing device. product.
进一步，所述独立加热通道设置有一个以上的蒸汽排放口，所述蒸汽排放口通过一蒸汽管道以将独立加热通道中加热装置产生的蒸汽回收到前面的任一个加热通道中。Further, the independent heating passage is provided with more than one steam discharge port, and the steam discharge port passes through a steam pipe to recover steam generated by the heating device in the independent heating passage to any of the preceding heating passages.
本发明烘干、干馏或热解方法及装置的优点是：The advantages of the drying, retorting or pyrolysis method and apparatus of the present invention are:
1、烘干的物料产生的蒸汽和用作热源的蒸汽都以冷凝水的形式排出，汽化热大部回收，大幅节省烘干/干馏/热解所需的热能。1. The steam generated by the dried material and the steam used as the heat source are discharged in the form of condensed water, and most of the vaporization heat is recovered, which greatly saves the heat energy required for drying/dry distillation/pyrolysis.
2、加热过程物料可以装在金属料管内进行，不仅可以隔绝空气，还可以做到热源产生的气体不与加工的物料直接接触，易于控制加工效果和产品的品质。保证控生产安全和物料安全。2. The heating process material can be installed in the metal material tube, which can not only isolate the air, but also can make the gas generated by the heat source not directly contact with the processed material, and it is easy to control the processing effect and the quality of the product. Ensure production safety and material safety.
4、本发明热源装置采用间接导热或辐射传热的加热装置，环保易于控制。4. The heat source device of the invention adopts a heating device of indirect heat conduction or radiation heat transfer, and the environment is easy to control.
5、设备投入少，工业化运用程序简单，易于大型化生产。 5, equipment investment is small, industrial application procedures are simple, easy to large-scale production.
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，构成本发明的一部分，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：The drawings described herein are intended to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are intended to be a part of the invention. In the drawing:
图1是本发明烘干、干馏或热解装置的剖面结构示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the drying, retorting or pyrolysis apparatus of the present invention;
图2是本发明常态加热通道的结构示意图；2 is a schematic structural view of a normal heating passage of the present invention;
图3是本发明独立加热通道的结构示意图；Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of an independent heating passage of the present invention;
图4是本发明烘干、干馏或热解装置的结构示意图。 Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the drying, retorting or pyrolysis apparatus of the present invention.
为了使本发明所要解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚、明白，以下结合附图和实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in order to make the present invention. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
如图4所示的一种汽化热可大部回收利用的烘干、干馏或热解方法，该方法除可用于烘干、干馏或热解褐煤和低变质长焰煤外，还可用于用于其他高水分物料的干燥。现以烘干或低温干馏褐煤或低变质长焰煤为例，具体说明采用上述装置进行烘干或低温干馏的方法，步骤如下：A drying, retorting or pyrolysis method for recycling most of the vaporization heat as shown in FIG. 4, which can be used for drying, dry distillation or pyrolysis of lignite and low metamorphosed long flame coal, and can also be used for Drying of other high moisture materials. Taking drying or low-temperature dry distillation lignite or low-grade long-flame coal as an example, the method of drying or low-temperature dry distillation using the above device is specifically described. The steps are as follows:
①装料：将物料装入装料车1上的多个金属料管2内，金属料管2之间留有一定的间隔。1 Loading: The materials are loaded into a plurality of metal material tubes 2 on the loading cart 1, and a certain interval is left between the metal material tubes 2.
②进料:装料完成的装料车1以设定好的速度或间歇性地从常态加热通道3的进口端进入，常态加热通道3设置有低温预热段和高温加热段，常态加热通道3采用的间接导热或辐射传热的加热装置设置在高温加热段，装料车1由低温预热段34经高温加热段35向出口端移动；2 Feeding: The loading and unloading loading vehicle 1 enters from the inlet end of the normal heating passage 3 at a set speed or intermittently. The normal heating passage 3 is provided with a low temperature preheating section and a high temperature heating section, and the normal heating passage is provided. 3 The indirect heat conduction or radiation heat transfer heating device is arranged in the high temperature heating section, and the charging cart 1 is moved from the low temperature preheating section 34 to the outlet end through the high temperature heating section 35;
③烘干、干馏或热解：物料在装料车1内进入常态加热通道1后，在低温预热段34接触高温加热段35产生的水蒸汽或其它已携带一定热能的尾气，物料被预热甚至部分烘干。高温加热段35产生的水蒸汽或其它尾气在低温预热段34释放出大量的热能，自身大幅降温，蒸汽冷凝成水后排出。通过设定低温预热段34的长度和控制装料车1的行进速度即可控制预热时间，以达到蒸汽和尾气冷却、冷凝的最佳效果。装料车1前进到高温加热段35，并接受间接导热或辐射传热的加热装置的加热及通道壁、及通道内其它被同时加热的设施产生的辐射和导热。通过设定高温加热段35的长度和控制装料车1的行进速度即可调整加热时间，还可调整常态加热通道1中的加热装置以调整加热温度，从而达到所需要的烘干、干馏或热解效果。常态加热通道1的出口端设有气流封堵装置，
以使烘干、干馏或热解产生的蒸汽或尾气大部向低温预热段34移动，经与低温预热段34的较低温的物料充分热交换后产生的冷凝水或低温尾汽分别从冷凝水排放口33和尾气尾水排放孔32排出。3 Drying, dry distillation or pyrolysis: After the material enters the normal heating channel 1 in the charging cart 1, the water in the low temperature preheating section 34 contacts the exhaust gas generated by the high temperature heating section 35 or other exhaust gas that has carried a certain thermal energy, and the material is pre-treated. The heat is even partially dried. The water vapor or other exhaust gas generated by the high temperature heating section 35 releases a large amount of heat energy in the low temperature preheating section 34, and the temperature itself is greatly lowered, and the steam is condensed into water and discharged. The preheating time can be controlled by setting the length of the low temperature preheating section 34 and controlling the traveling speed of the loading cart 1 to achieve the best effect of steam and exhaust gas cooling and condensation. The loading cart 1 advances to the high temperature heating section 35 and receives the heating and channel walls of the indirect or radiative heat transfer and the radiation and heat conduction generated by the other simultaneously heated facilities in the channel. The heating time can be adjusted by setting the length of the high temperature heating section 35 and controlling the traveling speed of the loading cart 1, and the heating means in the normal heating channel 1 can also be adjusted to adjust the heating temperature to achieve the desired drying, retorting or Pyrolysis effect. The outlet end of the normal heating channel 1 is provided with an airflow blocking device.
The steam or tail gas generated by drying, retorting or pyrolysis is mostly moved to the low temperature preheating section 34, and the condensed water or low temperature tail gas generated by the sufficient heat exchange with the lower temperature material of the low temperature preheating section 34 is respectively The condensed water discharge port 33 and the exhaust tail water discharge hole 32 are discharged.
④经烘干或低温干馏完毕的物料，经装料车1从常态加热通道3出口端送出后，可连续性或间歇性送进后续的一独立加热通道4，在该独立加热通道4内再加热进行干馏、热解，干馏、热解的气态产物收集分离处理，固态的产物（褐煤半焦9）留在装料车1内；独立加热通道4内的加热装置产生的蒸汽经蒸汽管道7回收到前面的任一个常态加热通道3中。4 After drying or low-temperature dry distillation, the material is sent from the outlet end of the normal heating channel 3 through the charging cart 1 and can be continuously or intermittently fed into a subsequent independent heating channel 4, and then in the independent heating channel 4 The gas product is subjected to dry distillation, pyrolysis, dry distillation and pyrolysis, and the solid product (brown coal semi-coke 9) is left in the charging cart 1; the steam generated by the heating device in the independent heating channel 4 passes through the steam pipe 7 Recovered into any of the preceding normal heating channels 3.
⑤经独立加热通道4干馏、热解完毕的物料，经冷却卸料或卸料后冷却后，即为成品。5 The material that has been retorted and pyrolyzed by the independent heating channel 4 is cooled after unloading or unloading and then cooling.
上述汽化热可大部回收利用的烘干、干馏或热解方法所涉及的烘干、干馏或热解装置如图1所示，该装置包括一个或多个分段串联的圆柱状加热通道，即横截面是圆形。于该圆柱状加热通道内设置有间接导热或辐射传热的加热装置。The drying, retorting or pyrolysis apparatus involved in the above-mentioned drying, retorting or pyrolysis method in which the heat of vaporization can be largely recovered is as shown in FIG. 1 , and the apparatus comprises one or more cylindrical heating channels connected in series. That is, the cross section is circular. A heating device for indirect heat conduction or radiation heat transfer is disposed in the cylindrical heating passage.
如图4所示的加热通道内设置有装料车1、金属料管2。所述金属料管2为圆柱状或方柱状，且可为一个，或多个间隔装设在每台装料车1上，以随装料车1
一体移动，金属料管2之间留有一定的间隔缝隙，以利于通风。所述装料车1速度可控，且设置为多个，装料车1自加热通道的进口端向出口端部移动装设在圆柱状加热通道内。所述装料车1可以设定好的速度通过牵引机或顶车等驱动设备滑行在加热通道内设有的轨道上。A charging cart 1 and a metal tube 2 are disposed in the heating passage shown in FIG. The metal material tube 2 has a cylindrical shape or a square column shape, and may be one or a plurality of intervals installed on each loading cart 1 to accompany the loading vehicle 1
In one piece, there is a certain gap between the metal tube 2 to facilitate ventilation. The loading cart 1 is controllable in speed and is provided in plurality. The loading cart 1 is moved from the inlet end to the outlet end of the heating passage and installed in the cylindrical heating passage. The loading cart 1 can be slid on a track provided in the heating passage by a driving device such as a tractor or a top vehicle at a set speed.
为满足干馏/热解产物达到某种程度的要求时，例如褐煤烘干后的干馏/热解，对煤焦油和煤气的回收有一定的纯度要求。本发明加热通道包括有一个或多个常态加热通道3，还包括有一独立加热通道4，所述独立加热通道4串联在最后一个常态加热通道之后。所述常态加热通道3与该独立加热通道4内分别设置有间接导热或辐射传热的加热装置。In order to meet the requirements of a certain degree of dry distillation/pyrolysis products, such as dry distillation/pyrolysis after drying of lignite, there is a certain purity requirement for recovery of coal tar and gas. The heating channel of the present invention includes one or more normal heating channels 3 and an independent heating channel 4 that is connected in series after the last normal heating channel. The normal heating channel 3 and the independent heating channel 4 are respectively provided with heating devices for indirect heat conduction or radiation heat transfer.
如图2所示的常态加热通道3的顶部或侧部设有一个或多个连接外置尾气尾水处理装置51的尾气尾水排放口32，底部设有一个以上连接外置冷凝水处理装置52的冷凝水排放口33。所述常态加热通道3内从进料端到出料端是一个由低温到高温的保温空间。也就是，常态加热通道3的进料端部为低温预热段34，常态加热通道3的出料端部为高温加热段35。至少于所述常态加热通道3的其中一端部设置有气流封堵装置，最佳的，气流封堵装置设置在常态加热通道3的出料端。所述气流封堵装置为气幕封闭或其它封堵常态加热通道3内气流大量排出的装置，以防止或减少加热通道里产生的水蒸气或其它气体从常态加热通道3的出料端排出。The top or side of the normal heating channel 3 shown in FIG. 2 is provided with one or more exhaust tail water discharge ports 32 connected to the external tail gas tail water treatment device 51, and one or more external condensate treatment devices are connected at the bottom. Condensate discharge port 33 of 52. The normal heating passage 3 is a heat insulating space from a feeding end to a discharging end from a low temperature to a high temperature. That is, the feed end of the normal heating passage 3 is the low temperature preheating section 34, and the discharge end of the normal heating passage 3 is the high temperature heating section 35. At least one end of the normal heating passage 3 is provided with an airflow blocking device. Preferably, the airflow blocking device is disposed at the discharge end of the normal heating passage 3. The airflow blocking device is a device for closing the airflow in the air curtain or other blocking normal heating channel 3 to prevent or reduce the water vapor or other gas generated in the heating channel from being discharged from the discharge end of the normal heating channel 3.
如图3所示的独立加热通道4的顶部或侧部设置有一个或多个气态产物排放口42，以通过外部的处理设备（气态产物的收集分离装置6）收集干馏或热解产生的气态产物，以提供其他设备使用。该独立加热通道4内设置的间接导热或辐射传热的加热装置可以对通道内的物料加热到干馏/热解所需的温度。所述独立加热通道4设置有一个以上的蒸汽排放口，蒸汽排放口通过一蒸汽管道7以将独立加热通道4中的间接导热或辐射传热的加热装置产生的蒸汽回收至前面的任一个常态加热通道3中。所述独立加热通道4的进口端和出口端均设置有气流封堵装置43、44，气流封堵装置43、44为气幕封闭或其它封堵独立加热通道3内气流大量排出的装置，以防止或减少加热通道里产生的水蒸气或其它气体从独立加热通道4的进口端和出口端排出。The top or side of the independent heating channel 4 as shown in Figure 3 is provided with one or more gaseous product vents 42 for collecting the gaseous state produced by dry distillation or pyrolysis by an external processing device (collection and separation device 6 of the gaseous product). The product is used to provide other equipment. The indirect or radiant heat transfer heating means provided in the independent heating channel 4 can heat the material in the channel to the temperature required for dry distillation/pyrolysis. The independent heating channel 4 is provided with more than one steam discharge port, and the steam discharge port passes through a steam pipe 7 to recover the steam generated by the indirect heat conduction or radiation heat transfer heating device in the independent heating channel 4 to any of the preceding normal states. Heating in channel 3. The inlet end and the outlet end of the independent heating channel 4 are respectively provided with airflow blocking devices 43, 44, and the airflow blocking devices 43 and 44 are devices for closing the air curtain or sealing a large amount of airflow in the independent heating channel 3 to The water vapor or other gas generated in the heating passage is prevented or reduced from being discharged from the inlet end and the outlet end of the independent heating passage 4.
本发明热源装置采用间接导热或辐射传热的加热装置，所述间接导热或辐射传热的加热装置包括一设在常态加热通道3和独立加热通道外4部的低压过热蒸汽发生器8，及分别设置常态加热通道3和独立加热通道4内部的过热蒸汽导热管31、41。最佳的，常态加热通道3内的过热蒸汽导热管31是设置在常态加热通道3的高温加热段35的位置。独立加热通道4内的过热蒸汽导热管41均布在整个独立加热通道4内。所述间接导热或辐射传热的加热装置还可以是电磁辐射加热装置、电阻丝加热装置，或是由设在常态加热通道3和独立加热通道外4部的热风发生器，及分别设置常态加热通道3和独立加热通道4内部的热风导热管组成的加热装置。The heat source device of the present invention adopts a heating device for indirect heat conduction or radiation heat transfer, and the heating device for indirect heat conduction or radiation heat transfer comprises a low pressure superheated steam generator 8 disposed in the normal heating channel 3 and the outer portion of the independent heating channel, and The superheated steam heat pipes 31, 41 inside the normal heating passage 3 and the independent heating passage 4 are respectively disposed. Preferably, the superheated steam heat pipe 31 in the normal heating passage 3 is disposed at the high temperature heating section 35 of the normal heating passage 3. The superheated steam heat pipe 41 in the independent heating passage 4 is uniformly distributed throughout the independent heating passage 4. The heating device for indirect heat conduction or radiation heat transfer may further be an electromagnetic radiation heating device, a resistance wire heating device, or a hot air generator disposed in the normal heating channel 3 and the outer part of the independent heating channel, and respectively set the normal heating. A heating device consisting of a hot air duct inside the channel 3 and the independent heating channel 4.
上述说明示出并描述了本发明的优选实施例，如前所述，应当理解本发明并非局限于本文所披露的形式，不应看作是对其他实施例的排除，而可用于各种其他组合、修改和环境，并能够在本文所述发明构想范围内，通过上述教导或相关领域的技术或知识进行改动。而本领域人员所进行的改动和变化不脱离本发明的精神和范围，则都应在本发明所附权利要求的保护范围内。
The above description shows and describes a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As described above, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be construed as being Combinations, modifications, and environments are possible, and can be modified by the teachings of the above teachings or related art within the scope of the inventive concept described herein. All changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (11)
- 一种汽化热可大部回收利用的烘干、干馏或热解方法，其特征在于：该方法具体实施步骤如下： A method for drying, retorting or pyrolysis in which most of the vaporization heat can be recycled, characterized in that the specific implementation steps of the method are as follows:①装料：将物料装入装料车上的多个金属料管内；1 Loading: loading materials into multiple metal pipes on the loading car;②进料:装料完成的装料车从以设定好的速度或间歇性地从加热通道进口端进入，加热通道采用间接导热或辐射传热的加热装置，并设置有低温预热段和高温加热段，装料车由低温预热段经高温加热段向出口端移动；2 Feeding: The loading of the loading vehicle enters from the inlet end of the heating channel at a set speed or intermittently. The heating channel adopts a heating device of indirect heat conduction or radiation heat transfer, and is provided with a low temperature preheating section and In the high temperature heating section, the loading vehicle moves from the low temperature preheating section to the outlet end through the high temperature heating section;③烘干、干馏或热解：通过设定低温预热段的长度和控制装料车的行进速度即可控制预热时间，以达到蒸汽和尾气冷却、冷凝的最佳效果；通过设定高温加热段的长度和控制装料车的行进速度即可调整加热时间，还可通过调整加热通道中的间接导热或辐射传热的加热装置以调整加热温度，从而达到所需要的烘干、干馏或热解效果； 3 drying, retorting or pyrolysis: the preheating time can be controlled by setting the length of the low temperature preheating section and controlling the traveling speed of the loading vehicle to achieve the best effect of cooling and condensation of steam and exhaust gas; The heating time can be adjusted by controlling the length of the heating section and controlling the traveling speed of the loading cart. The heating temperature can also be adjusted by adjusting the indirect heat conduction or radiation heat transfer heating means in the heating channel to achieve the required drying, retorting or Pyrolysis effect④经烘干或低温干馏完毕的物料，经装料车从加热通道出口端送出。4 The material after drying or low-temperature dry distillation is sent out from the outlet end of the heating channel through the charging vehicle.
- 如权利要求1所述的一种汽化热可大部回收利用的烘干、干馏或热解方法，其特征在于：经烘干或低温干馏完毕的物料，经装料车从加热通道出口端送出后，可连续性或间歇性送进后续的一独立加热通道，在该独立加热通道内再加热进行干馏、热解，干馏、热解的气态产物收集分离处理，固态的产物留在装料车内；独立加热通道内的间接导热或辐射传热的加热装置产生的蒸汽回收到前面的任一个加热通道中；经该独立加热通道干馏、热解完毕的物料，经冷却卸料或卸料后冷却后，即为成品。The method for drying, retorting or pyrolysis of most of the vaporization heat recovery according to claim 1, wherein the material after drying or low-temperature retorting is sent out from the outlet end of the heating channel by the charging vehicle. Thereafter, the subsequent independent heating channel can be continuously or intermittently fed, and reheated in the independent heating channel to perform dry distillation, pyrolysis, dry distillation, pyrolysis of gaseous products collection and separation, and the solid product remains in the charging vehicle. The steam generated by the indirect heat conduction or radiation heat transfer heating device in the independent heating channel is recovered into any of the preceding heating channels; the material that has been retorted and pyrolyzed through the independent heating channel is cooled or unloaded or discharged After cooling, it is the finished product.
- 一种汽化热可大部回收利用的烘干、干馏或热解装置，其特征在于：该装置包括一个或多个分段串联的加热通道，于加热通道内设置有间接导热或辐射传热的加热装置。A drying, retorting or pyrolysis device capable of recycling most of the heat of vaporization, characterized in that the device comprises one or more heating channels connected in series, and indirect heat conduction or radiation heat transfer is arranged in the heating channel. heating equipment.
- 如权利要求3所述的一种汽化热可大部回收利用的烘干、干馏或热解装置，其特征在于：所述加热通道呈圆柱状。A drying, retorting or pyrolysis apparatus for recycling most of the vaporization heat according to claim 3, wherein the heating passage has a cylindrical shape.
- 如权利要求3或4所述的一种汽化热可大部回收利用的烘干、干馏或热解装置，其特征在于：至少加热通道的其中一端部设置有气流封堵装置。A drying, retorting or pyrolysis apparatus for recycling most of vaporization heat according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that at least one end portion of the heating passage is provided with an air flow blocking means.
- 如权利要求3或4所述的一种汽化热可大部回收利用的烘干、干馏或热解装置，其特征在于：所述加热通道包括有一独立加热通道，所述独立加热通道设置有一个以上的气态产物排放口，所述气态产物排放口通过外部的处理设备收集独立加热通道中干馏或热解产生的气态产物。A drying, retorting or pyrolysis apparatus for recycling most of vaporization heat according to claim 3 or 4, wherein said heating passage comprises an independent heating passage, and said independent heating passage is provided with a In the above gaseous product discharge port, the gaseous product discharge port collects gaseous products produced by dry distillation or pyrolysis in an independent heating channel through an external processing device.
- 如权利要求5所述的一种汽化热可大部回收利用的烘干、干馏或热解装置，其特征在于：所述加热通道包括有一独立加热通道，所述独立加热通道设置有一个以上的气态产物排放口，所述气态产物排放口通过外部的处理设备收集独立加热通道中干馏或热解产生的气态产物。A drying, retorting or pyrolysis apparatus for recycling most of vaporization heat according to claim 5, wherein said heating passage comprises an independent heating passage, and said independent heating passage is provided with more than one A gaseous product vent that collects gaseous products produced by retorting or pyrolysis in an independent heating channel through an external processing device.
- 如权利要求3或4所述的一种汽化热可大部回收利用的烘干、干馏或热解装置，其特征在于：所述加热通道包括有一独立加热通道，该独立加热通道设置有一个以上的蒸汽排放口，所述蒸汽排放口通过一蒸汽管道以将独立加热通道中加热装置产生的蒸汽回收到前面的任一个加热通道中。A drying, retorting or pyrolysis apparatus for recycling most of vaporization heat according to claim 3 or 4, wherein said heating passage comprises an independent heating passage, and said independent heating passage is provided with more than one The steam discharge port passes through a steam pipe to recover steam generated by the heating device in the independent heating channel to any of the preceding heating channels.
- 如权利要求5所述的一种汽化热可大部回收利用的烘干、干馏或热解装置，其特征在于：所述加热通道包括有一独立加热通道，该独立加热通道设置有一个以上的蒸汽排放口，所述蒸汽排放口通过一蒸汽管道以将独立加热通道中加热装置产生的蒸汽回收到前面的任一个加热通道中。A drying, retorting or pyrolysis apparatus for recycling most of vaporization heat according to claim 5, wherein said heating passage comprises an independent heating passage, said independent heating passage being provided with more than one steam a venting port that passes through a steam line to recover steam generated by a heating device in the independent heating channel to any of the preceding heating channels.
- 如权利要求6所述的一种汽化热可大部回收利用的烘干、干馏或热解装置，其特征在于：所述独立加热通道还设置有一个以上的蒸汽排放口，所述蒸汽排放口通过一蒸汽管道以将独立加热通道中加热装置产生的蒸汽回收到前面的任一个加热通道中。A drying, retorting or pyrolysis apparatus for recycling most of vaporization heat according to claim 6, wherein said independent heating passage is further provided with more than one steam discharge port, said steam discharge port Steam generated by the heating means in the separate heating passages is recovered through a steam line to any of the preceding heating passages.
- 如权利要求7所述的一种汽化热可大部回收利用的烘干、干馏或热解装置，其特征在于：所述独立加热通道还设置有一个以上的蒸汽排放口，所述蒸汽排放口通过一蒸汽管道以将独立加热通道中加热装置产生的蒸汽回收到前面的任一个加热通道中。A drying, retorting or pyrolysis apparatus for recycling most of the vaporization heat according to claim 7, wherein said independent heating passage is further provided with more than one steam discharge port, said steam discharge port Steam generated by the heating means in the separate heating passages is recovered through a steam line to any of the preceding heating passages.
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