WO2015013840A1 - 一种灵芝菌发酵产品的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种灵芝菌发酵产品的制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015013840A1
WO2015013840A1 PCT/CN2013/001247 CN2013001247W WO2015013840A1 WO 2015013840 A1 WO2015013840 A1 WO 2015013840A1 CN 2013001247 W CN2013001247 W CN 2013001247W WO 2015013840 A1 WO2015013840 A1 WO 2015013840A1
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Prior art keywords
ganoderma lucidum
ganoderma
liquid
raw materials
strains
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PCT/CN2013/001247
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English (en)
French (fr)
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邓以善
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Deng Yishan
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12GWINE; PREPARATION THEREOF; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES C12C OR C12H
    • C12G3/00Preparation of other alcoholic beverages
    • C12G3/02Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by fermentation
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23FCOFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
    • A23F3/00Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
    • A23F3/06Treating tea before extraction; Preparations produced thereby
    • A23F3/08Oxidation; Fermentation
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L2/00Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
    • A23L2/38Other non-alcoholic beverages
    • A23L2/382Other non-alcoholic beverages fermented
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L31/00Edible extracts or preparations of fungi; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L5/00Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/14Fungi; Culture media therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of bioengineering, and more particularly to a method for producing and improving an existing pharmaceutical, food, and feed using an effective component of a ganoderma lucidum strain and a ganoderma lucidum.
  • the development and utilization of Ganoderma lucidum can be divided into three areas: First, the product development of Ganoderma lucidum variety improvement and artificial planting level, benefit and economic benefit; Second, the development of active ingredients of Ganoderma lucidum, after fruiting bodies and mycelium , to the development of spore powder and the development of liquid Ganoderma lucidum strains, deep processing of mycelia, etc.; Third, the clinical application research and development of Ganoderma lucidum and its active ingredients, including the route of administration, dosage and therapeutic effect of the dosage form and its Compatibility of other drugs, synergy to improve the effect of research and product development.
  • Ganoderma lucidum as a means to transform other products through Ganoderma lucidum, so that other products also have the full or main efficacy of Ganoderma lucidum is still blank.
  • the present invention is intended to solve the above problems in the prior art.
  • the biological characteristics of Ganoderma lucidum and using bioengineering methods the medicinal, health and edible properties of other organic substances are improved, and the efficacy of Ganoderma lucidum is enhanced, thereby opening up a broader application prospect for Ganoderma lucidum products.
  • a method for nectarizing characterized in that a raw material for a biological source of medicine, food or feed, semi-finished Adding Ganoderma lucidum strain or Ganoderma lucidum fungus to the product or finished product, and then fermenting the fermented product by adjusting its temperature, humidity and water content of the raw material, semi-finished product or finished product to make the fermented product contain (0.1 -10) % Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide active ingredient of Ganoderma lucidum.
  • the ganoderma lucidum method is characterized in that the Ganoderma lucidum strain is a plant species which is expanded from the original species.
  • a method for producing a ganoderma lucidum vocabulary comprising a raw material pretreatment, a preliminary preparation, a refining, a finished product and a production step, characterized in that: a proper fermentation process of the ganoderma lucidum is carried out in the preliminary preparation step, that is, the feed material is uniformly mixed and the moisture is adjusted ( 30—70) %, adding Ganoderma lucidum strain to the total mass of the mixed raw materials (1-20%), normal temperature fermentation (1-10 days), and then regulating the product moisture to (8-50%).
  • a method for producing a ganoderma animal characterized in that a proper fermentation process of Ganoderma lucidum is carried out on a conventional feeding diet of an animal, and the moisture of the feeding diet is adjusted to (30-70)%, and the Ganoderma lucidum strain is added to the mixed raw material.
  • the total mass 1-20%
  • normal temperature fermentation (1-10 days
  • product moisture regulation to (8-50%)
  • a method for producing a ganoderma lucidized meat product comprising the steps of slaughtering, dividing, preserving and deep processing an animal, characterized in that after slaughtering and dividing, immersing it in a liquid Ganoderma lucidum strain for a moderate fermentation process of Ganoderma lucidum, ie Soaking (1 to 100) hours at (15-25) C, the finished product of the ganoderma lucidized meat product is controlled, and the moisture of the finished product is controlled at (15 - 75)%.
  • the method for producing a ganoderma lucidum meat product characterized in that the animal is an animal produced by a method for producing a ganoderma animal.
  • a method for producing a ganoderma food characterized in that, on the basis of a conventional food processing technology, a liquid Ganoderma lucidum strain is added during the processing to carry out a proper fermentation process of Ganoderma lucidum, that is, the raw material is poured into a liquid strain to soak (10-100) Minutes, drain, adjust moisture to (15-60)%, and culture at (10-21) °C for (1-100) hours.
  • a method for producing a traditional Chinese medicine of Ganoderma lucidum characterized in that, on the basis of a conventional process, an appropriate fermentation process of Ganoderma lucidum is added: the raw material of the Chinese medicinal material is adjusted to a water content of (30-70%), and the raw material of the Chinese medicinal material is put into a liquid Ganoderma lucidum strain. Soak (1 to 100) hours, filter dry, and incubate at (10-25 °C) for (1 to 240) hours to control the moisture of the product to (8-50%).
  • a method for cultivating a ganoderma lucidum characterized in that, on the basis of a conventional process, a liquid ganoderma lucidum strain is added to a raw material for preparing wine to replace the water for inoculating the ganoderma lucidum; or the ganoderma lucidum is added during the fermentation process according to the original process.
  • Ganoderma lucidum fermentation process by controlling the temperature, humidity and water content of raw materials, semi-finished products or finished products.
  • a method for directly brewing a liquid Ganoderma lucidum strain characterized in that, when cultivating a liquid strain, the sugar is further cultured until the liquid Ganoderma lucidum strain or the inactivated liquid Ganoderma lucidum strain has a sugar content of (8-25 %); or Is to add the Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide to the liquid strain until the liquid Ganoderma lucidum strain or the inactivated liquid Ganoderma lucidum strain has a sugar content of (8-25%), and then regulate the temperature, humidity and water content of the raw material, semi-finished product or finished product. Perform a moderate fermentation process.
  • a method for producing a ganoderma lucidum tea characterized in that, on the basis of the conventional tea making method, an appropriate fermentation process of the ganoderma lucidum is added, that is, the tea leaves or plant flowers regulate the moisture to (30-6)%, at a temperature of (17-25) Add Ganoderma lucidum strain culture (1 to 100 hours), drain, and regulate the moisture content of the finished product at (8-18)
  • a method for producing a ganoderma lucidum beverage characterized in that, on the basis of a conventional process, a proper fermentation process of Ganoderma lucidum is added, a raw material for preparing a beverage, or a raw material for Ganoderma lucidum, or a raw material of Ganoderma lucidum is added, and after sterilization, cooling is performed until At room temperature, the liquid Ganoderma lucidum strain or liquid Ganoderma lucidum is used instead of water to carry out fermentation production.
  • a pure ganoderma lucidum beverage production method characterized in that, on the basis of a conventional process, an appropriate fermentation process of Ganoderma lucidum is added, that is, Ganoderma lucidum strain or Ganoderma lucidum is regulated by the concentration and seasoning of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, and The process is carried out.
  • All of the above methods for producing the ganoderma lucidum or the ganoderma lucidum product are characterized in that the semi-finished product or the finished product is placed in the silicon window after the ganoderma lucidum finished product is produced, or after the semi-finished state of the ganoderma lucidum finished product is obtained only after the fermentation is continued.
  • the bag is vacuum sealed.
  • the liquid Ganoderma lucidum strain used in the production process of the ganoderma lucidum is a liquid Ganoderma lucidum strain produced by the patented method of Patent No. ZL00227012.
  • Ganoderma lucidum The ganoderma lucidum referred to in the present invention includes: Ganoderma lucidum strain, Ganoderma lucidum fungus, Ganoderma lucidum fruit body, Ganoderma lucidum mycelium, Ganoderma lucidum spore body, and the like thereof.
  • Organic matter includes: an animal source, a plant source, an aquatic source, and a microorganism-derived organic substance and an organic substance usable by the microorganism.
  • Ganoderma lucidum The production process of the present invention is called Ganoderma lucidum, or Ganoderma lucidum production, and its technology is called Ganoderma lucidum technology, and its product is called Ganoderma lucidum product. That is, Ganoderma lucidum strains (including solid and liquid strains) or Ganoderma lucidum are used to ferment other products, so that other products also have the active ingredients and functions of Ganoderma lucidum, thereby improving the medicinal properties of the products after Ganoderma lucidum.
  • the Ganoderma lucidum strain referred to in the present invention refers to the pure mycelium of the ganoderma spores and the ganoderma spores or mycelium which are artificially cultured together with the culture medium, which is called a strain, and the fungi are usually divided into the parent species and the original species.
  • Species and cultivars, respectively called first-class, second-class, and third-class species, the Ganoderma lucidum species referred to in the present invention refers to cultivars, It is expanded from the original species. According to the form, it is divided into: a liquid strain and a solid strain. In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, it means that both strains are suitable.
  • Ganoderma lucidum is a large-scale fungus, so Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma lucidum are all aliases of Ganoderma lucidum.
  • Ganoderma lucidum in the present invention is specifically active Ganoderma lucidum, and fresh Ganoderma lucidum, including: Ganoderma lucidum fruit body, Ganoderma lucidum mycelium Body and Ganoderma lucidum spores, excluding Ganoderma lucidum deep processing products.
  • Moderate fermentation a certain degree of the process of fermentation of the ganoderma lucidum according to the requirements of the medicinal, edible and vocal properties of the fermented product, so that the fermented product retains its basic characteristics, so that the fermented product contains 0. 1—10) % of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides and other active ingredients of Ganoderma lucidum, and medicinal, edible and word performance are improved or improved.
  • the invention includes the production technology and products of the following categories of products: feed, animal breeding, meat products, food and its products, Chinese medicinal materials and their proprietary Chinese medicines, Ganoderma lucidum wine and its Ganoderma lucidum wine series, fruits and vegetables and their products, Ganoderma lucidum tea and Its series of products, Ganoderma lucidum beverages and their products, convenience foods, special nutritious foods, health foods, new resource foods and other fields and categories.
  • feed production processes are: pre-treatment of raw materials (receiving, primary cleaning), comminution, batching, mixing, product forming (cooling, crushing and grading) and production (weighing, packaging) and other processes.
  • the production process of Ganoderma lucidum vocabulary is to increase the proper fermentation process of Ganoderma lucidum on the basis of the conventional feed production process: the feed ingredients are evenly mixed, the water is adjusted to (30-70)%, and the Ganoderma lucidum strain is added to the total mass of the mixed raw materials. (1 20 ) % (best 5%), normal temperature fermentation (1-10 days) (best 2 days), product moisture regulation to: (8-50%) (best 12%), packaged products.
  • the conventional processes for molding the product include: powder, pellets, flakes, pellets, etc., and the physical processing process can be carried out in the present invention.
  • the shape of the final product can also be manufactured according to the needs, raw materials Other treatment processes and other control methods are also consistent with the original process.
  • the organic fermentation of the Ganoderma lucidum fermentation process and the original process forms a complete process.
  • the product contains (0.2-10%) Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides and other active ingredients of Ganoderma lucidum, so that the medicinal feeding performance of the vocabulary is improved and improved.
  • Ganoderma lucidum feed the best is Ganoderma lucidum full-price compound feed, can also be: Ganoderma lucidum concentrated feed, premixed feed, functional vocabulary, concentrate supplement, energy feed ingredients and protein feed ingredients, etc.
  • the product has increased the active ingredients of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides such as Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, and the effect is better.
  • Single item materials as long as it is an organic type, can be used for Ganoderma lucidum production. For example, when the leaves are used as a single feed ingredient, they are a good Ganoderma lucidum additive and health and meat quality improvement materials. More and better Ganoderma lucidum feed.
  • Ganoderma lucidum can also continue to produce Ganoderma lucidum as a raw material to form a better and more suitable Ganoderma lucidum feed, including full-price materials, concentrated feed, premixed feed, functional feed, concentrate supplement, energy feed. Raw materials and protein materials, etc.
  • Source of raw materials The following organic feed ingredients are used: rice, rice bran, corn, soybean meal, grass powder, fish meal, calcium powder, bone meal, and other organic feeds.
  • Feed formula According to the quality of raw materials, rice 10%, rice bran 5%, corn 42%, soybean meal 28%, grass powder 8%, fish meal 5%, calcium powder 1%, bone meal 1%, total 100%.
  • This feed formulation can meet the nutritional needs of testing chicken growth, and other formulations can be used as long as it meets the growth needs of the chicken.
  • the chicken pellets are immediately steamed to (35-55) % (best 45%, other methods can be used to adjust the water) and cooled to room temperature.
  • Inoculation Fermentation Inoculation of the patent number provided by Zhubai Prawn Industrialization Research Institute Co., Ltd. For: ZL00227012.9 is patented as: "Ganoderma lucidum strain produced by the patented technology of a device for cultivating liquid bacteria of edible fungi, adding Ganoderma lucidum strain to the total mass of mixed raw materials (1-20%) (most Good 5%), and mix well. According to the patent number is ZL00228086. 8, the patent name is "the edible fungus culture medium fermentation and cultivation device” patented technology for fermentation, fermentation (2 - 3) days.
  • the patented technology of “Three-dimensional rotating drum multi-functional energy-saving drying device” is used for drying (other methods can also be used for drying) and made into pellet feed.
  • Ganoderma lucidum chicken feed This test is suitable for the production of other ganoderma animal feeds. After testing: the feed crude protein 22%, energy 14mj / kg, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide content: 8.85% ("People's Republic of China Pharmacopoeia" 2005 edition of a 130th page [Ganoderma lucidum] under the [content determination]), the latter Ganoderma The chicken production test further proved its feeding effect.
  • the main component and function of Ganoderma lucidum is Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide.
  • the Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide of Ganoderma lucidum fruit body is about 1%.
  • the Ganoderma lucidum feed content of the present invention is 9.12%. Therefore, the Ganoderma lucidum health care function of the feed is very strong, and the culture test from the back is also fully explained. at this point. Therefore, in the Ganoderma lucidum culture, only the full-price feed containing 0.2% or more of the Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide can have a very significant health effect of Ganoderma lucidum. Therefore, in the full-price vocabulary, only 5% of the whole lingering vocabulary is added, and there is also a remarkable effect of the Ganoderma lucidum feed.
  • the appropriate fermentation process of Ganoderma lucidum is added to the rearing diet: the full-price dietary moisture of the rearing animal is adjusted to (30-70)%, and the Ganoderma lucidum strain is added to the total mass of the mixed raw materials (1) -20) % (best 5%), after normal temperature fermentation (1-10 days) (best 2 days), product moisture regulation (8-50%) (best 12%), according to the animal nutrition requirements Regular feeding.
  • the moisture of the Ganoderma lucidum feed is regulated for preservation. If it is used now, it can be used directly without regulating the moisture.
  • a method that achieves the same effect is sufficient to use a Ganoderma lucidum feed.
  • Ganoderma lucidum strains to the total mass of the mixed material U ---50 ) % ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 5% 5% ) , if ⁇ : price ⁇ , can also add Add 1 to 00% of the total amount of 3 ⁇ 4 of the feed to the spirit.
  • Animals cultured with the Ganoderma lucidum feed of the present invention can obtain not only ganoderma animals (chicken, pig, cow, cow, sheep, horse, camel, rabbit, cat, dog, laying hen, duck, goose, pigeon, fish) , shrimps, crabs, frogs, crickets, etc.) and their meat products, as well as other products for different animal uses, such as animal milk and animal eggs, which are examples of the multiple use of Ganoderma lucidum products.
  • ganoderma animals chicken, pig, cow, cow, sheep, horse, camel, rabbit, cat, dog, laying hen, duck, goose, pigeon, fish
  • shrimps, crabs, frogs, crickets etc.
  • Ganoderma lucidum chicken also known as “Ganoderma lucidum chicken”
  • the Zhuhai Prawn Industrialization Research Institute Co., Ltd. provides high-bed chicken sheds and purchases robust three-yellow chicken seedlings.
  • the batch of pelleted feed is fed 4 times a day, and each meal can be properly adjusted after each meal.
  • the water supply is provided throughout the day, and 1% of the liquid bacteria are added to the drinking water.
  • the chickens can drink water freely.
  • Other management is carried out according to the normal requirements of the pollution-free food word, and is produced in the greenhouse for 70 days.
  • Other feeding management methods can also be used as long as they meet the requirements for the management of pollution-free food.
  • the chickens are rich in active ingredients of Ganoderma lucidum.
  • the chickens contain 0.103% of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (People's Republic of China Pharmacopoeia) 2005 edition, page 130 [Ganoderma lucidum] under the item [Content determination]).
  • Ganoderma lucidum in the body of Ganoderma lucidum has a polysaccharide content of about 1%.
  • 0.01% of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides have a good effect of Ganoderma lucidum.
  • the content of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide in Ganoderma lucidum chicken is as high as 0.1% or more, and has achieved very good Ganoderma lucidum effect.
  • Ganoderma lucidum chicken Average initial weight, weight, meat, meat, meat Three yellow chicken 51 grams 1466 grams 2.21 medium 7 yuan / kg Lingzhi three yellow chicken 48 grams 1612 grams 2.01 excellent 15 yuan / kg from the feeding effect point of view: Ganoderma lucidum chicken than the original unscented chicken, all indicators are excellent. Ganoderma lucidum chicken (Ganoderma lucidum chicken) not only greatly improved the production performance and economic benefits, but also the chicken meat is more tender and sweet, and the meat is more delicious, which is quickly favored by the market.
  • Example 3 Production Method of Ganoderma Lucidum Meat Products
  • the conventional meat product production processes are mainly: slaughtering, dividing, fresh-keeping and deep processing.
  • Ganoderma lucidum meat production process is based on the conventional process, after slaughtering and dividing, it is added to the liquid Ganoderma lucidum strain for moderate fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum, usually at (15-25) ⁇ (optimal 19 °C) ), soaked (1 to 100) hours (best 24 hours), Ganoderma lucidum products have been obtained.
  • the product can regulate the moisture of the product to (15-75)% (best 55%) for easy storage.
  • the best effect of the present invention is the ganoderma animal cultured with the Ganoderma lucidum word, and then the production of the Ganoderma lucidum animal meat product, that is, the triple ganoderma production, and finally the vacuum packaging.
  • the following is a specific description of the production of Ganoderma lucidum chicken. Using Ganoderma lucidum chicken as raw material, it was slaughtered and divided in the central laboratory of Zhuhai Prawn Industrialization Research Institute Co., Ltd., and the whole chicken and chicken leg, chicken breast and chicken wings were immersed in liquid Ganoderma lucidum. In the strain, it is soaked for 24 hours at the optimum temperature of 19 ° C, and then sealed with a silicon window bag to obtain a ganoderma chicken product.
  • the chopsticks after the production of Ganoderma lucidum The liquid strains after soaking the chicken, we also apply to the production of seasonings such as Ganoderma lucidum chicken sauce, as follows: 1 Raw material pretreatment: Clean up impurities, waste liquid and residual waste minced meat, etc., and mix and beat with 1% sugar or Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide.
  • seasoning sauce can be adjusted according to need: salty sauce, sweet sauce, sour sauce, spicy sauce, sand tea sauce, flavor sauce, etc.
  • Vegetables include: melons, green leaves, solanaceous, cabbage, tubers, true roots, onion and garlic, cabbage, pods, perennial vegetables, aquatic vegetables, edible fungi, root vegetables, stems Vegetables such as vegetables, leafy vegetables, cauliflowers, fruits and vegetables.
  • the specific method is: adjust the water content of cabbage and other vegetables to (30-60)% (optimal 40%), inoculate Ganoderma lucidum clock 3%-20% (best 6%), at (15-25) °C (most Good 20 ° C), culture (1 - 100) hours (best 36 hours), Ganoderma lucidum products.
  • the product can be adjusted to moisture (8 - 60 % % (optimal 15 - 45%) to obtain ginseng vegetables.
  • Vegetables are ginseng, improve food value, and vegetables are seasonal, not easy to preserve, difficult to balance Supply and easy to rot and waste, after the Ganoderma lucidum, make the vegetable basket more stable, richer and more desirable, and then take the production of Ganoderma lucidum instant noodles as an example.
  • the principle of instant noodles is to make the shape of the noodles fixed by cooking and frying the noodles from the shredded noodles. Generally, they are made into boiling water before being eaten in a square or round shape, and the seasonings are dissolved in boiling water, and the noodles are heated and brewed. Fast-moving consumer goods that can be consumed within a specified period of time (less than 4 minutes).
  • the conventional instant noodle process includes: a dough, a ripening, a composite calendering, a continuous calendering, a wire forming, a cooking, a certain amount of cutting, a frying, an air-cooled packaging.
  • Ganoderma lucidum instant noodles is based on the conventional process to increase the proper fermentation process of Ganoderma lucidum.
  • liquid Ganoderma lucidum strains are used instead of water to add appropriate amount of liquid Ganoderma lucidum strains and Ganoderma lucidum powder for proper fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum.
  • the best formula is: flour 100g, ganoderma lucidum powder 2g, water 15g, liquid ganoderma lucidum strain 20g.
  • Example 5 Ganoderma lucidum Chinese medicine production method
  • the Ganoderma lucidum Chinese patent medicine process which is to increase the proper fermentation process of Ganoderma lucidum on the basis of the conventional process: the water content of the Chinese medicinal materials is adjusted to (30-70)% (optimal 40%), and then the liquid Ganoderma lucidum strain is inoculated. Yes: Inject the Chinese herbal medicine into the liquid Ganoderma lucidum strain for 1 to 100 hours (optimal 24 hours), filter dry, and culture at (10-25) °C (1 to 240) hours [best (24 — 48 ) hours], the product moisture is regulated to (8-50%) (best 11%).
  • Another production process of Ganoderma lucidum Chinese patent medicine is to clean and organize the raw materials, and then disinfect the green (control water (40-60%), and then inoculate the liquid strain of Ganoderma lucidum (inoculation temperature below 40 ⁇ ) to Ganoderma lucidum (2-10% by mass (best 5%), cultured (1 to 40) days, dried to 12% moisture
  • the water granulation is replaced by the liquid Ganoderma lucidum strain, and the other processes are unchanged, and the Ganoderma lucidum Chinese medicine can be obtained.
  • the following is an example of the production process of Ganoderma lucidum licorice.
  • the appropriate fermentation process of Ganoderma lucidum is added: pre-ganoderma lucidum is prepared, or Ganoderma lucidum is added, and in the fermenting stage of the wine making process, the liquid Ganoderma lucidum strain is used instead of water to be fermented.
  • Ganoderma lucidum can also be added to the fermentation process for fermentation.
  • Ganoderma lucidum wine products can be obtained, which is referred to as Ganoderma lucidum wine production.
  • the Ganoderma lucidum distilled liquor and the series Ganoderma lucidum wine can be obtained.
  • the Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide content in the wine is determined to be 0.2% or more (up to 1%), which is more than 10 times to several tens of times higher than the Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (usually about 0.02%) which is usually used in Ganoderma lucidum soaking wine. .
  • Tests have shown that Ganoderma lucidum rice wine and other grain wines have better taste than other conventional methods.
  • the first group of conventional methods the second group of food and wine laws, the third group of liquid bacteria
  • Pretreatment Add 100 kg of water, add liquid Ganoderma lucidum strain and add glucose 10 Soak for 60 minutes 100 kg, soak 30 kg, Ganoderma lucidum continue to cook, cooked for minutes, cooked rice, cooked and fermented for 3 days
  • This test is also suitable for the production of wine, vinegar, and wine and vinegar. It is also typical of multiple ganoderma production.
  • the present embodiment also produces: Ganoderma lucidum product Ganoderma lucidum vinegar (referred to as Ganoderma lucidum vinegar).
  • Ganoderma lucidum vinegar referred to as Ganoderma lucidum vinegar.
  • the Ganoderma lucidum fermentation process can be carried out in three ways to achieve Ganoderma lucidum fruit wine: The first is the production of Ganoderma lucidum fruit, the second is the Ganoderma lucidum strain, and the third is the addition of Ganoderma lucidum.
  • the specific method is: When the grape juice prepared for brewing or the pre-Ganoderma lucidum juice is fermented according to the water in the wine making process, The inactivated liquid Ganoderma lucidum strain is added to the water for fermentation.
  • Ganoderma lucidum can also be added to the fermentation process during the fermentation process (1-20% (optimum 5%). The best is to use Ganoderma lucidum juice and Ganoderma lucidum strains.
  • Suitable raw materials for the present invention include: grape, pomelo, pear, peach, apple, lotus, plantain, eggplant, carambola, papaya, cantaloupe, citrus, tangerine, grapefruit, grapefruit, lemon, orange, kumquat, hawthorn , watermelon, pineapple.
  • Ganoderma lucidum strains can not only ferment other products, but also can be fermented by stronger microorganisms such as koji, in the brewing process, as long as Ganoderma lucidum wine can be produced by adjusting the sugar content of the liquid suspension species to a polysaccharide concentration that meets the fermentation requirements of the koji.
  • the specific method is as follows: The liquid Ganoderma lucidum strain or the inactivated liquid Ganoderma lucidum strain regulates the sugar content to (8-25%) (optimum 13%), and the best method for regulation: First, cultivating liquid bacteria When growing, the sugar is further cultured to reach the total sugar of the culture solution, and the second is to add the Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide to the liquid culture, until the total sugar of the culture liquid reaches the standard, instead of the grape juice brewing or the grain brewing, according to the original process, the pure brewing of the ganoderma lucidum can be obtained. Its products, Example 7, production method of Ganoderma lucidum tea
  • Ganoderma lucidum leaf tea process On the basis of the usual method of making tea, increase the proper fermentation process of Ganoderma lucidum: adjust the moisture of plant leaves such as tea leaves to (30-60)% (optimal 40%), at (17-25) Ganoderma lucidum culture (1 to 100) hours (optimal 36 hours) at °C (optimal 19 °C), regulate product moisture to (8-15)% (best 11%) Tea products (referred to as "Ganoderma lucidum leaf tea").
  • Ganoderma lucidum flower tea process On the basis of the conventional process, increase the proper fermentation process of Ganoderma lucidum: adjust the moisture of plant flowers such as tea tree flowers to (30-60)% (optimal 40%), at (17-35) °C (most Add Ganoderma lucidum strain culture (1 to 100) hours (optimal 36 hours) at a temperature of 21 ° CC), regulate the moisture of the product to (8-18) % (best 11%), and obtain Ganoderma lucidum flower tea products (referred to as "Ganoderma lucidum flower tea").
  • the above four methods can also be selected by using one or four methods, which can be carried out according to the original process.
  • the resulting Ganoderma lucidum beverage referred to as Ganoderma lucidum beverage, for example: Ganoderma lucidum sweet orange coconut milk, Ganoderma lucidum sweet orange, Ganoderma lucidum coconut milk, Ganoderma lucidum beverage, pure Ganoderma lucidum beverage, Ganoderma lucidum coffee and Ganoderma lucidum aloe drink.
  • Ganoderma lucidum sweet orange coconut milk The following is an example of Ganoderma lucidum sweet orange coconut milk. Test materials: Commercial oranges, coconuts. White sugar, citric acid, etc.
  • the liquid Ganoderma lucidum strain is cultivated and supplied by the Zhuhai Prawn Industrialization Research Institute Co., Ltd. using the Ganoderma lucidum strain provided by the Guangdong Institute of Microbiology.
  • Main equipment FMC citrus juicer, beater, sterilizer, canning machine.
  • the existing sweet orange coconut compound juice beverage process is:
  • One of the coconuts is selected to go to the coconut husk, a broken shell, a meat, a coconut water, a water mill, a filter, a coconut juice, and orange juice and coconut juice, respectively:
  • the process of Ganoderma lucidum sweet orange coconut compound juice beverage is:
  • Method 1 Ganoderma lucidum of raw materials: In the process of juice preparation, after sterilization, when cooled to room temperature (20 -35 ) , inoculating Ganoderma lucidum strains, fermentation (inoculation 5%) is inflated with a special edible fungus fermentation machine ( 1 to 5) days (best 3 days), get lingzhi juice.
  • Method 2 Add the liquid Ganoderma lucidum strain when the material is mixed, and ferment for 1 to 5 days (best 3 days).
  • Method 3 Add Ganoderma Lucidum while mixing the ingredients.
  • Method 4 In the process of blending, Ganoderma lucidum strains are used instead of softened sterile water for formulation.
  • Juice extraction use a vertical beater (mesh hole 0.4mm) to juice, and filter with 60-day nylon cloth; (4) Sterilization canned cooling: The filtrate is sterilized and inactivated by 95 °C. It is filled with high-density polyethylene cans and rapidly cooled to obtain orange juice.
  • Ganoderma lucidum fermentation Ganoderma lucidum fermentation process including production of raw materials and production process: Inoculation at (22 - 35 ° °C), preferably 25 °C.
  • inoculation The strain should be pure, and the inoculation and culture process should not be polluted.
  • the air that is infused is filtered sterile air.
  • the mixed ingredients are added to the high-pressure homogenizer for pressure homogenization (30-40 MPa) to make the structure uniform and delicate, and avoid delamination.
  • the homogenized composite fruit juice is sterilized by the plate, and then pumped to the heat preservation cylinder to be sealed at 60C. Then carry out post-sterilization, the condition is 100C/10min, 2 50mL shrinking neck empty can is cleaned by the washing machine, and the pipeline and the canning room should also be disinfected to ensure the sanitary requirements.
  • the key control points are: formulation, fermentation temperature, fermentation time.
  • Raw juice content 50%; soluble solids: (10% by spectrophotometer, total acid amount (measured by citric acid, determined by titration) 2x10 minus 8 power g/mL.; heavy metal (As.Pb, Cu, etc.) meets the national standard for beverages
  • the total number of bacteria is not more than 100 cf mL, and the number of human intestinal bacteria is not more than 300100 cfli/mL, and the pathogenic bacteria are not detected.
  • China is one of the countries with the longest history of fruit production in the world. There are many varieties and large varieties of high-yield varieties suitable for processing beverages, although there are not many fruit drinks in China.
  • the amount of food used for processing must be high in sugar and acid content, rich in aroma and high in juice yield.
  • Hongjiang Orange has more juice, and it is suitable for sweet and sour food and processing.
  • Ganoderma lucidum technology has opened up broad prospects. For example, this experiment improves the quality through the combination of Ganoderma lucidum and different juices. Ganoderma lucidum eliminates some of the green odor and heating odor of the juice, and has excellent effects in improving the flavor and improving the consumption. value.
  • a Zhizhi sweet orange coconut milk beverage referred to as Ganoderma lucidum sweet orange coconut milk, is prepared.
  • the sweet orange instead of the sweet orange coconut compound juice was tested according to the process of the ganoderma lucidum orange juice test, and the Ganoderma lucidum orange drink (referred to as "Ganoderma lucidum orange”) was also produced, and the same effect was obtained.
  • Ganoderma lucidum strain or Ganoderma lucidum is used as raw material to increase the proper fermentation process of Ganoderma lucidum on the basis of conventional techniques, and then Ganoderma lucidum pure Ganoderma lucidum beverage: Ganoderma lucidum strain or Ganoderma lucidum regulates the concentration and seasoning of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, according to the beverage routine The process is carried out.
  • the following processes should be used to achieve the best effect of the ganoderma lucidum method:
  • the silicon window bag fermentation method is used: the silicon rubber is proportionally embedded in the plastic bag.
  • a silicon window fermentation preservation bag with micro-oxygen fermentation is formed on the wall.
  • the plastic bag relies on a silicon window to automatically adjust the ratio of oxygen to carbon dioxide in the bag. Thereby achieving the purpose of micro-oxygen fermentation and safe storage while fermenting.
  • the specific method is as follows: After the ganoderma lucidum is formed, the ganoderma lucidum product is produced, or the ganoderma lucidum product is obtained only after the fermentation is continued, the finished product or the semi-finished product is placed in a silicon window bag for vacuum sealing and packaging.
  • Ganoderma lucidum products can achieve long-term preservation by using this method, and the longer the drug is, the better the effect of the drug.
  • the above-mentioned liquid Ganoderma lucidum strain used in the production process of Ganoderma lucidum is a liquid Ganoderma lucidum strain produced by a patented device named Patent No. ZL00227012.9 entitled "A device for cultivating edible fungus liquid bacteria”.
  • the optimum fermentation conditions for Ganoderma lucidum are: base water content (35-55) %, temperature ( 17-25 ) ° C, humidity (50-90) %, light: dark.
  • Ganoderma lucidum can improve and improve the medicinal efficacy and performance of other organic types of pharmaceuticals, foods, and feed products, so that other items have both the efficacy and performance of Ganoderma lucidum, and also improve the original performance.
  • Ganoderma lucidum has also opened up a broader world of medicines, foods and vocabulary, opened up the application field of Ganoderma lucidum, and developed new products and new resource products for 54 categories of medicines, foods, and feeds in 25 fields, making up and down five thousand
  • the "Millennium" of the year Ganoderma lucidum is widely used in various fields, at all levels, and in the prevention and treatment of various diseases, so that the application of Ganoderma lucidum can be transferred from the current primary application and the utilization of low-grade raw materials to comprehensive, advanced and comprehensive modernization.
  • a new stage of development. "I wish to give the millennium to modern people" is the wish and ultimate goal of the present invention.

Abstract

一种灵芝菌发酵产品的制备方法,对伺料、肉、中药、茶叶等原料添加灵芝菌种,再调控温度、湿度和含水量进行发酵;或使用灵芝菌发酵酿酒或制备饮料。

Description

一种灵芝菌发酵产品的制备方法
技术领域 本发明涉及一种生物工程的方法, 特别涉及利用灵芝菌种及灵芝的有效成 分改造和改良现有的药品、 食品和饲料的生产方法。
背景技术
目前, 灵芝的开发利用可分为三个领域: 第一, 灵芝品种改良提高和人工 种植水平、 效益和提高经济效益的产品开发; 第二, 灵芝有效成分开发, 经过 了子实体、 菌丝体、 到孢子粉热潮和液体灵芝菌种开发、 菌丝体深加工等几个 发展阶段; 第三, 灵芝及其有效成分的临床应用研究开发, 包括给药途径、 剂 量和提高疗效的剂型及其与其他药物的配伍, 配合作用提高效果的研究和产品 开发。
因此, 现有技术仅限于对灵芝本身的开发研究, 包括对灵芝及其有效成分 的直接利用、 提高其功效效果的产品开发二个方面。 将灵芝作为一种手段, 通 过灵芝来改造其他产品, 使其他产品也同样具有灵芝的全部或主要功效的技术 仍属空白。
发明内容
本发明意在解决现有技术中的上述问题。 利用灵芝的生物学特性, 采用生物 工程的方法, 使其他有机物的药用、 保健和食用性能得到提高, 并具有灵芝功 效, 从而为灵芝产品开辟更广阔的应用前景。 一种灵芝化方法, 其特征在于, 对生物源的药品、 食品或饲料的原料、 半成 品或成品添加灵芝菌种或灵芝菌形成发酵物, 再对所述发酵物通过调控其温度、 湿度和原料、 半成品或成品的含水量进行适度发酵工艺, 使该发酵物含有 (0.1 -10) %灵芝多糖的灵芝有效成分。
所述的一种灵芝化方法, 其特征在于, 所述灵芝菌种是由原种扩繁而成的栽 培种。
一种灵芝化词料的生产方法, 包括原料预处理、 初制、 精制、 成品和出品步 骤, 其特征在于: 在初制步骤中进行灵芝适度发酵工艺, 即将饲料原料混合均 匀, 水分调到 (30— 70) %, 添加灵芝菌种到占混合原料总质量的 (1一 20) %, 常温发酵 (1一 10) 天, 再将产品水分调控至 (8— 50) %。
一种灵芝化动物的生产方法, 其特征在于, 在动物的常规饲养日粮上进行灵 芝适度发酵工艺, 即将饲养日粮的水分调到 (30— 70) %, 添加灵芝菌种到占混 合原料总质量的 (1一 20) %, 常温发酵 (1一 10) 天, 产品水分调控至 (8— 50) %, 再按该动物营养需要标准进行常规词养。
一种灵芝化肉制品的生产方法, 包括将动物进行屠宰、 分割、 保鲜和深加工 工艺过程, 其特征在于, 在屠宰、 分割后, 将其浸泡在液体灵芝菌种中进行灵 芝适度发酵工艺, 即在 (15— 25) C温度下浸泡 (1一 100) 小时, 即得灵芝化 肉制品的成品, 再将该成品的水分控制在 (15— 75) %。
所述的一种灵芝化肉制品的生产方法, 其特征在于, 所述动物为通过灵芝化 动物生产方法生产的动物。
一种灵芝化食品的生产方法, 其特征在于, 在常规食品加工工艺基础上, 在 加工过程中添加液体灵芝菌种进行灵芝适度发酵工艺, 即将原料投进液体菌种 中浸泡 (10— 100) 分钟, 沥干, 调控水分至 (15— 60) %, 在 (10— 21) °C下 培养 (1-100) 小时。 一种灵芝化中药的生产方法, 其特征在于, 在常规工艺的基础上, 增加灵芝 适度发酵工艺: 将中药材原料调水分至 (30— 70 ) %, 将中药材原料投入液体灵 芝菌种中浸泡 (1一 100 ) 小时, 滤干, 在 (10— 25 ) °C温度下培养 (1一 240 ) 小时, 调控产品水分至 (8— 50 ) %。
一种灵芝化酿酒方法, 其特征在于, 在常规工艺的基础上, 在准备酿酒的原 料中添加液体灵芝菌种, 以代替水以进行灵芝接种; 或者在按原工艺进行发酵 的过程中加入灵芝, 通过控制温度、 湿度和原料、 半成品或成品的含水量进行 灵芝适度发酵工艺。
一种液体灵芝菌种直接酿酒方法, 其特征在于, 在培养液体菌种时, 加糖继 续培养, 直到液体灵芝菌种或灭活的液体灵芝菌种含糖量达到 (8— 25 ) %; 或 者是将液体菌种中添加灵芝多糖直到液体灵芝菌种或灭活的液体灵芝菌种的含 糖量至 (8— 25 ) %, 再通过调控调温度、 湿度和原料、 半成品或成品的含水量 进行适度发酵工艺。
一种灵芝化茶生产方法, 其特征在于, 在常规制茶方法的基础上, 增加灵芝 适度发酵工艺, 即将茶树叶或植物花调控水分至 (30— 60 ) %, 在 (17— 25 ) 温度下加入灵芝菌种培养(1一 100 )小时, 沥干, 调控成品水分含量在(8— 18)
%。
一种灵芝化饮料生产方法, 其特征在于, 在常规工艺的基础上, 增加灵芝适 度发酵工艺, 即将准备生产饮料的原料, 或者灵芝化原料, 或者加入了灵芝的 原料, 经过杀菌后, 冷却至常温, 以液体灵芝菌种或液体灵芝代替水加进去进 行发酵生产。
一种纯灵芝饮料生产方法, 其特征在于, 在常规工艺的基础上, 增加灵芝适 度发酵工艺, 即将灵芝菌种或灵芝经调控灵芝多糖的浓度和调味后, 按饮料常 规工艺进行生产。
以上所有的灵芝化方法或灵芝化产品生产方法, 其特征在于, 在生成灵芝化 成品后, 或在仅需继续发酵后就可得灵芝化成品的半成品状态时, 将半成品或 成品放进硅窗袋进行真空密封包装。
以上所有的灵芝化方法或灵芝化产品生产方法, 其特征在于, 所述的灵芝化 生产过程中所使用的液体灵芝菌种是使用专利号为 ZL00227012. 9的专利方法生 产的液体灵芝菌种。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
本发明的有关名词解释如下:
灵芝: 本发明所指的灵芝, 包括: 灵芝菌种、 灵芝菌、 灵芝子实体、 灵芝菌 丝体、 和灵芝孢子体等及其深加工产品。
有机物: 本发明所指的有机物包括: 动物源, 植物源、 水生生物源和微生物 源的有机物和可被微生物利用的有机物。
灵芝化:本发明的生产过程叫灵芝化, 或灵芝化生产, 其技术叫灵芝化技术, 其产品叫灵芝化产品。 即利用灵芝菌种 (包括: 固体和液体菌种) 或灵芝来发 酵其他产品, 使其他产品也具有灵芝的有效成分和功能, 从而使灵芝化后的产 品的药食性能得到改善。
灵芝菌种: 本发明所指的灵芝菌种, 是指灵芝孢子和灵芝孢子或菌丝体经过 人工培养的纯菌丝体连同培养基质一同叫做菌种, 通常把菌种分为母种、 原种 和栽培种.分别叫一级种、二级种、三级种, 本发明所说的灵芝菌种是指栽培种, 由原种扩繁而成。 按形态分为: 液体菌种和固体菌种, 在本发明中, 若没有特 别指明, 则是指两种菌种都适宜。
灵芝菌: 灵芝就是一种大型真菌, 所以灵芝菌与菌灵芝都是灵芝的别名, 本 发明中的灵芝菌是特指还具有活性的灵芝, 则鲜灵芝, 包括: 灵芝子实体、 灵 芝菌丝体和灵芝孢子体, 不包括灵芝深加工的产品。 适度发酵: 根据被发酵物的药用、 食用和词用性能的色香味型的要求进行的 一定程度的灵芝发酵的过程, 使该发酵物保持其基本特性的前提下, 使该发酵 物含有 (0. 1— 10 ) %的灵芝多糖等灵芝有效成分, 和药用、 食用和词用性能得 到提高或改进。
本发明包括如下类别的产品的生产技术及其产品:饲料,动物养殖、 肉制品、 粮食及其制品、 中药材及其中成药、 灵芝酿酒及其灵芝酒系列、 果蔬及其制品、 灵芝茶及其系列产品、 灵芝饮料及其制品、 方便食品、 特殊营养食品、 保健食 品、 新资源食品等多个领域和类别。
实施例 1、 灵芝化饲料的生产方法
常规的饲料生产工艺为: 原料的预处理 (接收、 初清)、 粉碎、 配料、 混 合、 产品的成型 (冷却、 破碎和分级) 和出品 (称重、 包装) 等工艺。
灵芝化词料生产工艺, 就是在常规饲料生产工艺的基础上, 增加灵芝适度 发酵工艺: 各饲料原料混合均匀, 水分调到(30— 70 ) %, 添加灵芝菌种到占混 合原料总质量的 (1 20 ) % (最佳 5%) , 常温发酵 (1一 10) 天 (最佳 2天), 产品水分调控至: (8— 50 ) % (最佳 12%), 包装出品。
产品成型的常规工艺包括: 粉料、 颗粒料、 片料、 丸料等, 物理加工过程, 在本发明中照搬过来就可以了。 最终产品的形态也可以根据需要而制造, 原料 的其他处理工艺和其他调控方法也跟原工艺吻合, 灵芝适度发酵工艺与原工艺 的有机结合形成完整的工艺流程。 通过实施灵芝化发酵, 使其产品含有 (0.2— 10 ) %灵芝多糖等灵芝有效成分, 使词料的药食饲用性能得到改善和提高。
灵芝化饲料, 最佳是灵芝化全价配合饲料, 也可以是: 灵芝化浓缩饲料、 预混和饲料、 功能性词料、 精料补充料、 能量饲料原料和蛋白饲料原料等比原 工艺的饲料产品, 增加了灵芝多糖等灵芝有效成分, 使用效果会更佳。 单项的 词料原料, 只要是有机物型的都可以进行灵芝化生产, 如构树叶作为单项的饲 料原料经过灵芝化后, 就是一个很好的灵芝添加料和保健及肉质改良料, 根据 需要可以组合更多更好的灵芝化饲料。 灵芝化词料还可以作为原料继续进行灵 芝化生产, 形成更好、 更适合的灵芝化饲料, 包括全价配合词料、 浓缩饲料、 预混和饲料、 功能性饲料、 精料补充料、 能量饲料原料和蛋白词料原料等。
下面以灵芝化鸡饲料为例具体说明。
①原料来源: 使用如下有机物饲料原料: 大米、 米糠、 玉米、 豆粕、 草粉、 鱼粉、 钙粉、 骨粉, 也可用其它有机物饲料。
②饲料配方: 以原料质量计, 大米 10%、 米糠 5%、 玉米 42%、 豆粕 28%、 草粉 8%、 鱼粉 5%、 钙粉 1%、 骨粉 1% , 合计为 100%。 本饲料配方能满足试 验鸡生长的营养需要, 也可以用其它配方, 只要它能满足鸡的生长需要。
③由珠海市益利来生物饲料有限公司按以上原料来源和饲料配方配成全 价配合饲料。
④原料预处理:鸡颗粒词料马上用蒸汽调节水分至(35— 55 ) % (最佳 45%, 也可用其他方法调节水分), 冷却至常温。
⑤接种发酵: 接种由珠海市对虾产业化研究院有限公司提供的按专利号 为: ZL00227012.9专利名称为: "一种培养食用菌液体菌种的装置 "的专利技术 生产的液体灵芝菌种, 添加灵芝菌种到占混合原料总质量的 (1一 20 ) % (最佳 5%), 并搅拌均匀。 按专利号为 ZL00228086。 8, 专利名称为 "食用菌培养基发 酵与栽培装置" 的专利技术进行发酵, 发酵 (2— 3 ) 天。
⑥按专利号为 ZL00260940.1专利名称为 "立体转筒多功能节能干燥装置" 的专利技术进行烘干 (也可以用其他方法烘干), 并制成颗粒饲料。
包装出品,可得灵芝化鸡饲料。本试验适合于其他灵芝化动物饲料的生产。 经化验: 该饲料粗蛋白 22%, 能量 14mj/kg, 灵芝多糖含量: 8.85% (《中 华人民共和国药典》 2005年版一部第 130页 [灵芝] 项下 [含量测定]), 后面 的灵芝化鸡生产试验, 进一步证明其饲用效果。 灵芝的主要成分和作用是灵芝 多糖, 灵芝子实体的灵芝多糖是 1%左右, 本发明生产灵芝饲料含量达 9.12%, 因此该饲料的灵芝保健功能非常强, 从后面养殖试验在也充分说明了这一点。 因此在灵芝化养殖当中, 只需使全价饲料含有 0.2%以上的灵芝多糖, 就可以有 极显著的灵芝保健效果。 所以在全价词料中, 只需添加 5%的全灵芝化的词料, 也有极显著的灵芝化饲料的效果。
实施例 2、 灵芝化动物的生产方法
在常规养殖工艺的基础上, 在饲养日粮上增加灵芝适度发酵工艺: 将饲养 动物的全价日粮水分调到(30— 70 ) %,添加灵芝菌种到占混合原料总质量的(1 -20) % (最佳 5%), 常温发酵(1一 10 )天(最佳 2天)后, 产品水分调控(8 一 50 ) % (最佳 12%), 按该动物营养需要标准进行常规饲养。 调控灵芝化饲料 的水分是为了保存, 如果是现做现用, 也可以不用调控水分就可以直接使用。
个可达到同样效果的方法足使用灵芝化饲料。一般添加灵芝菌种到占 混合^料总质量的 U ---50 ) % Ο ί\ΐ 5% ) , 如果 ^ :价 芝化词料, 还可以添 加到灵 1 ί种到 ¾合饲料总质¾的 1 00%。 用本发明的灵芝化饲料养殖的动 物, 不仅可获得灵芝化动物 (鸡、 猪、 牛、 奶牛、 羊、 马、 駱驼、 家兔、 猫、 狗、 蛋鸡、 鸭、 鹅、 鸽、 鱼、 虾、 蟹、 蛙、 鳖等) 及其肉制品, 还可以获得不 同动物用途的其他制品, 如动物乳和动物禽蛋, 这也是灵芝化产品多重利用的 例证。
下面以灵芝化鸡 (也称 "灵芝鸡") 为例具体说明。
由珠海市对虾产业化研究院有限公司提供高床式养鸡棚, 选购健壮三黄鸡 苗。 用该批颗粒饲料喂养每天投喂 4 次, 每次投喂量以上一餐能否吃完料作适 当调整。 水槽全天供水, 加入 1%的液体菌种于饮水中, 鸡只可任意饮水, 其它 管理按无公害食品词养正常要求进行, 经棚养 70天出品。 也可用其它饲养管理 办法, 只要符合无公害食品饲养管理的要求即可。
①试验效果: 健壮三黄鸡苗 2000只, 育成 2000只, 词养 70天, 毛重平 均 1612克。 饲养全程没有发生任何病、 虫、 害, 共耗饲料 6480.24千克, 平均 每增重一斤,耗料 2.01斤。 2000只鸡一天内全部售出,每斤 15元,共售出 1612 克 *2000*26元 /千克 =83824元, 比当时市场价 6元 /斤高出一倍多。
②按照本实验生产出来的鸡只, 其鸡体内含有丰富的灵芝有效成分, 经广 东省微生物科学研究所测定其鸡肉中含灵芝多糖 0.103% (《中华人民共和国药 典》 2005年版一部第 130页 [灵芝] 项下 [含量测定])。 灵芝子实体中的灵芝 多糖含量 1%左右。 在灵芝药汤中, 达到灵芝多糖 0.01%就有很好的灵芝功效。 灵芝鸡肉中的灵芝多糖的含量高达 0.1%以上, 已经达到非常好的灵芝效果了。
③灵芝鸡与相同条件养殖 (品种、 批次、 配方、 养殖管理同样)鸡的养殖 效果对比如下:
平均初重 出栏体重 肉料比 肉质 售价 三 黄 鸡 51克 1466克 2.21 中等 7元 /斤 灵芝三黄鸡 48克 1612克 2.01 优 15元 /斤 从饲养效果来看: 灵芝化鸡比原未灵芝化的鸡, 各方面指标都优。 灵芝化 鸡 (灵芝鸡) 不仅养殖生产性能和经济效益大幅度提高, 而且鸡肉更鲜嫩甜美, 肉质更美味佳肴, 迅速得到市场的青睐。
实施例 3、 灵芝化肉制品生产方法 常规的肉制品生产工艺主要是: 屠宰、 分割、 保鲜和深加工。 灵芝化肉制品生产的工艺是在常规工艺的基础上在屠宰、分割后增加把其 浸泡在液体灵芝菌种中进行灵芝适度发酵则可, 通常在 (15— 25 ) Ό (最佳 19 °C ), 浸泡 (1一 100 ) 小时 (最佳 24小时), 已得灵芝化产品。 发酵后, 产品为 了便于保存, 可调控产品的水分至 (15— 75 ) % (最佳 55%)。 本发明最佳的效 果是用灵芝化词料养殖的灵芝化的动物, 再进行灵芝化动物肉制品的生产, 即 进行三重的灵芝化生产, 最后采用真空包装。 下面以灵芝化鸡肉生产为例具体说明。 以灵芝化鸡为原料, 在珠海市对虾产业化研究院有限公司的中心实验室进 行屠宰及分割, 并分别把整鸡和鸡腿肉、 鸡胸和鸡翼等不同部位的肉品进行浸 泡在液体灵芝菌种中, 在最佳 19°C, 浸泡了 24小时, 然后用硅窗袋密封包装, 则得灵芝化鸡肉制品。 分别在产品包装后的 0, 7, 20, 60, 100, 200天, 打开 包装进行食用, 其肉质都完好无变, 肉身慢慢变深, 肉味更香浓, 灵芝的特色 味道更明显。 经测定, 其灵芝多糖含量高达 1%以上, 并且越存时间越长灵芝多 糖的含量越高。 灵芝化鸡肉生产后的下脚料: 浸泡过鸡肉后的液体菌种, 我们还应用于生 产灵芝鸡酱等调味料, 具体做法如下: ①原料预处理: 清理杂质, 废液与残留废碎肉等破碎混合打浆, 加入 1% 的糖或灵芝多糖混合均匀。
②加曲发酵: 加入 0.2%的酱曲混合均匀, 常温 (15— 25 ) °C发酵 30天。
③调味起酱: 根据需要可调配成: 咸味酱、 甜味酱、 酸味酱、 辣味酱、 沙 茶酱、 香味酱等。
④出品包装: 用巴氏消毒法进行消毒后, 用真空包装则可出品。
实施例 4、 灵芝化食品生产方法
在常规工艺的基础上,只在加工过程中加入灵芝菌种,进行灵芝适度发酵。 将原料调控水分至 (15— 60 ) % (最佳 40% ) , 再接种液体灵芝菌种, 即将生产 原料投进液体菌种中浸泡 (10— 100 ) 分钟, 沥干, 在 (10— 21 ) V (最佳 16 °C ), 培养 (1一 100 ) 小时 (最佳 24小时), 己成灵芝化产品的成品。 为了便于 保存, 调控成品水分至(8— 14 ) % (最佳 11%), 则可按原工艺继续进行制成各 种形态和形式的产品。 其深加工产品为灵芝面包、 灵芝速食面、 灵芝豆腐等。
下面以灵芝化疏菜生产为例说明。
蔬菜等包括: 瓜类、 绿叶类、 茄果类、 白菜类、 块茎类、 真根类、 葱蒜类、 甘蓝类、 豆荚类、 多年生菜类、 水生菜类、 食用菌类、 根菜类、 茎菜类、 叶菜 类、 花菜类、 果菜类等蔬菜。
具体方法是: 将白菜等蔬菜调水分至 (30— 60 ) % (最佳 40%), 接种灵 芝菌钟 3%— 20% (最佳 6%) ,在 (15—25 ) °C (最佳 20°C ), 培养 (1— 100) 小时 (最佳 36小时), 已得灵芝化产品。 为了更好保存, 可调控产品水分至 (8 -60 ) % (最佳 15— 45%), 可得灵芝化蔬菜。 蔬菜被灵芝化, 提高食用价值, 并且蔬菜季节性强, 不易保存, 难于平衡 供应和易烂掉而浪费, 进行灵芝化后, 使菜篮子更平稳, 更丰富和更如意, 下面再以灵芝化方便面生产为例说明。
方便面的原理是通过对切丝出来的面条通过蒸煮、油炸,让面条形状固定, 一般成方形或圆形食用前以开水冲泡, 并开水溶解调味料, 并将面条加热冲泡 开, 在规定时间 (不超过 4 分钟) 内便可食用的快速消费品。 常规速食面工艺 流程包括: 和面一熟化一复合压延一连续压延一切丝成型一蒸煮一定量切断一 油炸一风冷包装
灵芝化速食面是在在常规工艺基础上, 增加灵芝适度发酵工艺: 在和面工 艺中以液体灵芝菌种代替水加入适量的液体灵芝菌种和灵芝粉进行灵芝适度发 酵, 其他工艺不变。 其最佳配方是: 面粉 100g、 灵芝粉 2g、 水 15g、 液体灵芝 菌种 20g。
实施例 5、 灵芝化中药生产方法
包括灵芝化中药材工艺,即对中药材的灵芝化改良。在常规工艺的基础上, 增加灵芝适度发酵工艺, 其他工艺不变。
还包括灵芝化中成药工艺, 即在常规工艺的基础上, 增加灵芝适度发酵工 艺: 将中药材原料调水分至 (30— 70 ) % (最佳 40%), 再接种液体灵芝菌种, 方法是:将中药材原料投入液体灵芝菌种中浸泡(1一 100 )小时(最佳 24小时), 滤干, 在 (10— 25)°C下培养 (1一 240 ) 小时【最佳 (24— 48 ) 小时】, 经调控产 品水分至 (8— 50 ) % (最佳 11%)。
另一种灵芝化中成药生产工艺是, 将原料经清理与整理, 再杀青消毒 (控 制水分 (40— 60) %, 再接种灵芝液体菌种 (接种温度 40Ό以下) 至灵芝菌种 占原料总质量的 (2— 10 ) % (最佳 5%), 培养 (1一 40 ) 天, 干燥至水分 12% 以下, 用液体灵芝菌种代替水制粒, 其他工艺不变, 可得灵芝化中药。
下面以灵芝甘草生产工艺为例进一步说明。
在常规甘草基础上, 增加灵芝适度发酵工艺: 将甘草等中药材原料调水分 至 (30— 70 ) % (最佳 40%), 接种液体灵芝菌种方法是中药材原料投入液体灵 芝菌种中浸泡 (1一 100 ) 小时 (最佳 24 小时), 滤干, 在 (10— 25 ) °C (最佳 17°C ) 培养 (1一 240 ) 小时【最佳 (24— 48 ) 小时】, 按原常规工艺继续下去, 则可得灵芝化原药材产品成品。 经调控成品水分至(8— 50) % (最佳 11%), 则 产品更容易保存。
实施例 6、 灵芝化酿酒生产方法
在原常规酿酒工艺的基础上, 增加灵芝适度发酵工艺: 把准备酿酒的原料 预先灵芝化, 或加入灵芝, 在按制酒工艺中的加水发酵阶段, 以液体灵芝菌种 代替水加进去进行发酵, 也可在发酵过程中加入灵芝进行发酵, 按原常规工艺 进行即可得灵芝酿酒制品, 简称灵芝酿酒, 其经蒸熘深加工和勾兌品调, 可得 灵芝蒸馏酒和系列灵芝酒。
酒被灵芝化以后, 其酒中的灵芝多糖含量经测定达到 0.2%以上 (最高达 1%), 比通常用灵芝泡酒的灵芝多糖 (通常约 0.02%) 高出 10多倍至几十倍。 经试验表明, 灵芝化米酒等粮食酒其口感比常规其他方法都更好。
下面以灵芝米酒、 醋为例具体说明。
①生产原料: 大米, 商品巿场购买 200斤。 每斤 2.8元 /斤。
②生产过程: 灵芝化米酒与普通米酒生产对比, 在珠海市对虾产业化研究 院有限公司中心实验室和珠海市斗门白蕉君怡酒厂进行。 ③具体方法: 分三组进行: 第一组, 按常规酿酒方法进行, 简称常规法; 第二组按灵芝 化大米酿酒方法进行, 简称粮酒法; 第三组按液体灵芝菌种酿酒方法进行, 简 称液体菌种法 操作如下:
第一组常规法 第二组粮食酒法 第三组液体菌
种法
原料 大米 100斤 大米 100斤 液体菌种 100 斤
预处理 加水 100斤, 加液体灵芝菌种 加葡萄糖 10 浸泡 60分钟 100斤, 浸泡 30 斤, 灵芝继续 煮饭, 熟透 分钟, 煮饭, 熟 发酵 3天
约需 60分钟 透约需 60分钟 加酒曲 摊凉至常温 35 摊凉至常温 21 加酒曲 0.1%
°C , 加酒 曲 , 力 Π 酒 曲
0.1%, 约需 30 0.1%, 约需 30
分钟 分钟 发酵 放酒缸糖化 24 放酒缸糖化 24 发酵 10天
小时,加水 100 小时, 加灵芝菌
斤, 发酵 10天 种 100斤, 发酵
10天 蒸馏 获 45 度酒 96 获 45度酒 118斤 获 45 度酒 36 斤 斤
酒质量 中 优 特优 测定灵芝多糖 0.00 0.0885% 0.103%
下脚料 酒渣 160斤 酒渣 160斤 酒渣 50斤 预处理 加糖 1% 加糖 1% 加糖 1% 加醋曲 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 发酵 30天 30天 30天 醋产品 160斤 160斤 50斤 测定灵芝多糖 0.00 0.685% 1.011% 本试验还适合于粮食、 果酒以及可以酿酒的原料酿制酒和醋 的生产。 也是多重灵芝化生产的典型。
本实施例除制得灵芝化产品灵芝粮酒 (简称灵芝酒) 外, 还 制得: 灵芝化产品灵芝化醋 (简称灵芝醋)。 下面再以灵芝化果酒生产工艺迷为例说明。 在常规果酒生产的基础上, 利用灵芝菌种不仅可发酵其他有机物物品, 还 可以被酒曲等更强的微生物所发酵的特性, 可以通过三个途径进行灵芝适度发 酵工艺, 实现灵芝化水果酒: 一是灵芝化水果后制酒, 二是灵芝菌种, 三是加 入灵芝, 具体方法是: 将准备酿酒的葡萄汁等果汁或或预先灵芝化果汁, 按制 酒工艺中的加水发酵时, 以灭活的液体灵芝菌种代替水加进去进行发酵, 也可 在发酵过程中加入占原料总质量(1一 20 ) % (最佳 5%) 的灵芝。 最佳是使用灵 芝化果汁和灵芝菌种。 本发明适宜的原料水果包括: 葡萄、 柚、 梨、 桃、 苹果、 莲雾、 芭蕉、 茄苳、 杨桃、 木瓜、 香瓜、 柑橘、 沙糖桔、 柚子、 葡萄柚、 柠檬、 橘子、 金桔、 山楂、 西瓜、 菠萝. 香蕉、 芒果、 猕猴桃、 西柚、 火龙果、 榴莲、 芒果、 哈密瓜、 草莓、 橙子、 鲜枣、 枇杷、 橘、 柿子、 无花果、 甘蔗、 荔枝、 龙眼、 椰子、 樱桃、 番石榴等可用于生产果酒的水果。 此外, 还可以用液体灵芝菌种直接酿酒, 其工艺方法如下: 用灵芝菌种不仅可发酵其他有 ^ f品, 还可以被酒曲等更强的微生物 所发酵的特性, 在酿酒过程中, 只要将液休菌种调整其含糖量, 达到符合酒曲 的发酵要求的多糖浓度, 则可生产灵芝化酒。 具体方法是: 将液体灵芝菌种或 灭活的液体灵芝菌种调控其中的含糖量至(8— 25 ) % (最佳 13% ) , 所称调控的 最佳方法: 一是培养液体菌种时, 加糖继续培养, 达到培养液总糖达标, 二是 液体菌种添加灵芝多糖, 至达到培养液总糖达标, 代替葡萄果汁酿酒或粮食酿 酒, 按原工艺进行则可得灵芝纯酿酒及其制品, 实施例 7、 灵芝化茶生产方法
灵芝化叶茶工艺:在通常制茶的方法的基础上,增加灵芝适度发酵工艺: 将 茶树叶等植物叶调水分至 (30— 60) % (最佳 40%), 在 (17— 25) °C (最佳 19 °C) 温度下加入灵芝菌种培养 (1一 100) 小时 (最佳 36 小时), 调控产品水分 至 (8— 15) % (最佳 11%) 可得灵芝化叶茶制品 (简称 "灵芝叶茶")。
灵芝化花茶工艺: 在常规工艺的基础上, 增加灵芝适度发酵工艺: 将茶树 花等植物花调控水分至 (30— 60) % (最佳 40%), 在 (17— 35) °C (最佳 21°C C)温度下加入灵芝菌种培养 (1一 100) 小时 (最佳 36小时), 调控产品水分至 (8-18) % (最佳 11%), 可得灵芝化花茶制品 (简称 "灵芝花茶")。
实施例 8、 灵芝化饮料方法
在原常觇饮料 产工艺基础 h, 增加灵芝适度发酵工艺, 包括如 F四种方 式: ①将准 ^ h 饮料的原料或灵芝化原料, 以液体 芝 种或液体灵芝代替 水加进去进行 ^产; ②原料清 |!, 将其加热至 (70— 90) V, 消毒 20分钟, 冷 却至常温, 再接种灵芝液体菌种到原料总质量的(2— 20) %, 发酵(1一 10)天, 干燥到水分含量 3%左右, 再通过常规深加工制造出成品后, 即可包装出品; ③原料经过; ί^ί后. 冷却至常温 (20-35 ) 。C时, 添加液体灵芝菌种原料总质 ft的 5%, ¾专川食用菌发酵机充气 ( 1—5) 天 (最佳 3天); ④原料经过杀菌 后, 冷却至常温 (20— 35:) °C时, 在混合时, 加入灵芝, 用专用食用菌发酵机 ( 1一 5) 人 ( ίάί\ 3大)。
上述四种方法还可以选 1一 4种方法配合使用, 按原工艺进行即可。 所得 灵芝化饮料, 简称灵芝饮料, 例如: 灵芝甜橙椰汁、 灵芝甜橙、 灵芝椰汁、 灵 芝虫草饮料、 纯灵芝饮料、 灵芝咖啡和灵芝芦荟饮料。
下面以灵芝化甜橙椰汁为例进一步说明。 试验材料: 市售橙子, 椰子。 白砂糖, 柠檬酸等。
液体灵芝菌种, 由珠海市对虾产业化研究院有限公司用广东省微生物研究 所提供的灵芝菌种进行培养和提供。
主要设备: FMC柑橘榨汁机, 打浆机, 杀菌锅, 罐装机。
现有甜橙椰子复合果汁饮料工艺流程是:
橙子一挑选一济洗一切果取囊一搾汁一过滤一杀菌一冷却一果汁
椰子一挑选一去椰衣一破壳取肉一取椰水一加水磨桨一过滤一椰汁 分别取得橙汁和椰汁后进行:
混合一调配一加糖、 酸一匀质一杀菌一灌装一封盖一冷却一成品
灵芝化甜橙椰子复合果汁饮料工艺流程是:
方法 1 : 原料的灵芝化: 在果汁制取过程中, 经过杀菌后, 冷却至常温(20 -35 ) Γ时, 接种灵芝菌种, 进行发酵(接种 5%)用专用食用菌发酵机充气(1 一 5 ) 天 (最佳 3天), 得灵芝化果汁。
方法 2: 在 料混合时, 添加液体灵芝菌种, 发酵 1一 5天 (最佳 3天)。 方法 3 : 在原料混合时, 加入灵芝。
方法 4: 在调配过程中, 用灵芝菌种代替软化无菌水进行调配。
这四种方法,选用其中的一种或数种都可以,四种方法同时使用效果最佳。 操作要点:
1、 橙汁的制取
(1)选料洗料: 经检验合格将病害果、 烂果、 青果踢除清洗干净;
(2)切果取囊: 清洗后的果实, 用刀对半切开, 用勺挖囊;
(3)搾汁过滤:用立式打浆机 (筛孔 0.4mm)取汁, 用 60日尼龙布过滤; (4)杀菌罐装冷却:滤液经板交 95 °C杀菌钝化酶活性.用高密度聚乙烯罐灌 装, 迅速冷却, 得橙汁。
2、 椰子汁的制取
(1 )选料:选取成熟、 完好和新鲜椰子,剔除发育不良的露芽果实;
(2)去椰衣破壳取肉取椰水:采用专用机械剥除椰衣、 去壳洗净, 用收集椰 子水, 取椰肉, 用特制刀具削除附在椰肉上的褐色种皮, 净水洗去椰肉上的皮 /肖'和其他杂质得白椰;
(3)加水磨碎: 按 m (椰肉):: m (水)一 1 :2.5 加热水 (约 80°C )磨浆;
(4)过滤: 用 60目尼龙布过滤, 得椰汁。
3、 混合调配
在配料罐中按一定比例加人橙汁、 椰汁 (或灵芝化橙汁、 椰汁)、 和灵芝, 按成品要求加糖、 酸预先将自砂糖溶解, 加入后不断搅拌均匀。 用液体灵芝菌 种代替软化无菌水。
灵芝化发酵: 包括生产原料和生产过程的灵芝化发酵过程: 在冷却至 (22 -35 ) °C时接种, 最佳是 25 °C。 接种时注意: 菌种要纯, 接种和培养过程不能 有污染, 打进去的空气是过滤好的无菌空气。
4、 均质
将混匀的配料加入高压均质机中经 (30— 40 ) MPa压力均质, 使组织达 到均一、 细嫩, 避免产生分层沉淀。
可增加放置数小时, 增加适当的发酵, 以增加灵芝有效成分和品味。 注意 不要过了, 以免灵芝味太苦了。
5、 杀菌、 罐装、 冷却 将均质后的复合果汁经板交杀菌,随即用泵送到保温缸,于 60C装罐封口。 然后进行后杀菌, 条件为 100C/10min,2 50mL缩颈空罐经洗罐机清洗, 对管道, 罐装室也要进行消毒保证卫生要求、
6、 饮料最佳配方的确定
橙汁、 椰子汁、 灵芝菌种、 灵芝、 白砂糖用量和发酵时间、 温度都会影响 该饮料的色泽、 风味和滋味。
关键控制点是: 配方、 发酵温度、 发酵时间。
7、 产品质量指标
(1)感官指标
色泽外观: 浅黄色, 均匀浑浊无沉淀, 香气:具有橙、 椰和灵芝特有芳香, 香气协调柔和
滋味: 具有橙、 椰子和灵芝滋味。 甜酸适中, 甜中有甘味无异味
(2)理化指标
原汁含量: 50% ;可溶性固形物: (以折光光计 >10%,总酸量 (以柠檬酸计, 用 滴定法测定) 2x10负 8次方 g/mL.;重金属 (As.Pb、 Cu等)含量符合国家规定的饮 料标准
(3)微生物指标
细菌总数不大于 lOOcf mL,人肠菌数不大于 300100cfli/mL,致病菌没有检 出。
(4)其他卫生标准: 符合食品规定的全部标准。
我国是世界上生产水果历史最悠久的国家之一, 品种多, 产量大适合加工 饮料的优良品种很多、 尽管我国日前市场水果饮料不多。 原因之一是与原料质 量有关, 用于加工果汁必须是糖酸含量均高, 香气浓郁, 出汁率高的品种, 我 国目前只有少数品仲达到要求。 如红江橙其汁多, 甜酸适中鲜食和加工都适宜。 灵芝化技术开辟了广阔前景, 如本试验, 通过灵芝化和不同果汁混合来改善品 质, 灵芝化在消除某些果汁青臭味和加热臭, 在改善风味上有极佳效果, 又可 提高食用价值。 本实施例制得芝化甜橙椰汁饮料, 简称灵芝甜橙椰汁。
4、 灵芝化甜橙饮料
在上述试验中, 以甜橙代替甜橙椰子复合果汁按灵芝化甜橙椰汁试验的工 艺进行, 则可制造灵芝化甜橙饮料 (简称 "灵芝甜橙"), 也具有同样效果。
此外, 以灵芝菌种或灵芝为原料, 在常规工艺的基础上, 增加灵芝适度发 酵工艺, 则得灵芝化纯灵芝饮料: 灵芝菌种或灵芝经调控灵芝多糖的浓度和调 味后, 按饮料常规工艺进行。
在上述所有实施例中, 实现灵芝化法的最佳效果还应采用下述工艺: 第一, 在进行固体发酵的时候, 使用硅窗袋发酵法: 将硅橡按比例地镶嵌 在塑料包装袋壁, 就形成了具有微氧发酵作用的硅窗发酵保存袋。 该塑料袋能 依靠硅窗自动调节袋内氧与二氧化碳的比例。 从而达到微氧发酵和一边发酵一 边安全贮藏的目的。 具体方法是: 在完成灵芝化, 生成灵芝化产品后, 或仅需 继续发酵后就可得灵芝化产品时, 将该成品或半成品放进硅窗袋进行真空密封 包装。 灵芝化产品用本法包装可达到长期保鲜的效果, 并且越放时间越长药食 效果越好。
第二, 以上所说的灵芝化生产过程中所使用的液体灵芝菌种是使用专利号 为 ZL00227012.9, 名称为 "一种培养食用菌液体菌种的装置 "的专利设备生产 的液体灵芝菌种。 灵芝菌的最适宜发酵条件为: 基料含水量 (35-55 ) %, 温度 ( 17-25 ) °C, 湿度 (50-90) %, 光照: 黑暗。 而灵芝菌发酵食品的关键控制点 是: 发酵温度: (10— 25 ) °C ( 19°C最佳), 发酵的时间要控制至恰到好处是最 好, 并不是越长越好, 发酵过度, 会影响口味, 杂菌生长的机会也会发生。 最 佳包装是: 真空包装和硅窗袋包装。
总之, 灵芝化可以改良和提高其他有机物型的药品、 食品、 和饲料的物品 的药食功效和性能, 使其他物品都兼备灵芝的功效和性能, 还对原性能有更好 的提高。 灵芝化还开拓了药品、 食品和词料的更广阔天地, 开拓了灵芝的应用 领域, 开发出 25个领域 54个类别的药品、 食品、 和饲料的新产品和新资源产 品, 使上下五千年的 "千年体" 灵芝更加广泛应用于各个领域、 各个层次、 各 种疾病的防治, 使灵芝应用从现在的初级应用、 低级原料的利用, 转入到全面 的、 高级的、 综合性的现代化发展新阶段。 "愿将千年体, 献给现代人", 这 是本发明的愿望和最终目的。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种灵芝化方法, 其特征在于, 对生物源的药品、 食品或饲料的原料、 半成品或成品添加灵芝菌种或灵芝菌形成发酵物, 再对所述发酵物通过调控其 温度、 湿度和含水量进行适度发酵工艺, 使该发酵物含有 (0.1— 10 ) %灵芝多 糖的灵芝有效成分。
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种灵芝化方法, 其特征在于, 所述灵芝菌种是 由原种扩繁而成的栽培种。
3、 一种灵芝化饲料的生产方法, 包括原料预处理、 初制、 精制、 成品和出 品步骤, 其特征在于: 在初制步骤中进行灵芝适度发酵工艺, 即将饲料原料混 合均匀, 水分调到(30— 70 ) %, 添加灵芝菌种到占混合原料总质量的 (1一 20 ) %, 常温发酵 (1一 10 ) 天, 再将产品水分调控至 (8— 50 ) %。
4、 一种灵芝化动物的生产方法, 其特征在于, 在动物的常规饲养日粮上进 行灵芝适度发酵工艺, 即将词养日粮的水分调到(30— 70 ) %, 添加灵芝菌种到 占混合原料总质量的 (1一 20) %, 常温发酵 (1一 10) 天, 产品水分调控至 (8 -50 ) %, 再按该动物营养需要标准进行常规饲养。
5、 一种灵芝化肉制品的生产方法, 包括将动物进行屠宰、 分割、 保鲜和深 加工工艺过程, 其特征在于, 在屠宰、 分割后, 将其浸泡在液体灵芝菌种中进 行灵芝适度发酵工艺, 即在 (15— 25 ) °C温度下浸泡 (1一 100 ) 小时, 即得灵 芝化肉制品的成品, 再将该成品的水分控制在 (15— 75 ) %。
6、 根据权利要求 5 所述的灵芝化肉制品的生产方法, 其特征在于, 所述动 物为通过灵芝化动物生产方法生产的动物。
7、 一种灵芝化食品的生产方法, 其特征在于, 在常规食品加工工艺基础上, 在加工过程中添加液体灵芝菌种进行灵芝适度发酵工艺, 即将原料投进液体菌 种中浸泡 (10—100) 分钟, 沥干, 调控水分至 (15— 60 ) %, 在 (10— 21 ) 下培养 ( 1 - 100) 小时。
8、 一种灵芝化中药的生产方法, 其特征在于, 在常规工艺的基础上, 增加 灵芝适度发酵工艺: 将中药材原料调水分至(30— 70 ) %, 将中药材原料投入液 体灵芝菌种中浸泡(1一 100)小时, 滤干, 在(10— 25 ) °C温度下培养(1一 240) 小时, 调控产品水分至 (8— 50 ) %。
9、 一种灵芝化酿酒方法, 其特征在于, 在常规工艺的基础上, 在准备酿酒 的原料中添加液体灵芝菌种, 以代替水以进行灵芝接种; 或者在按原工艺进行 发酵的过程中加入灵芝, 通过控制温度、 湿度和原料、 半成品或成品的含水量 进行灵芝适度发酵工艺。
10、 一种液体灵芝菌种直接酿酒方法, 其特征在于, 在培养液体菌种时, 加 糖继续培养, 直到液体灵芝菌种或灭活的液体灵芝菌种含糖量达到(8— 25 ) %; 或者是将液体菌种中添加灵芝多糖直到液体灵芝菌种或灭活的液体灵芝菌种的 含糖量至 (8— 25 ) %, 再通过调控调温度、 湿度和原料、 半成品或成品的含水 量进行适度发酵工艺。
11、 一种灵芝化茶生产方法, 其特征在于, 在常规制茶方法的基础上, 增加 灵芝适度发酵工艺, 即将茶树叶或植物花调控水分至(30— 60) %, 在(17— 25 ) °C温度下加入灵芝菌种培养 (1一 100 ) 小时, 沥干, 调控成品水分含量在 (8— 18 ) %。
12、 一种灵芝化饮料生产方法, 其特征在于, 在常规工艺的基础上, 增加灵 芝适度发酵工艺, 即将准备生产饮料的原料, 或者灵芝化原料, 或者加入了灵 芝的原料, 经过杀菌后, 冷却至常温, 以液体灵芝菌种或液体灵芝代替水加进 去进行发酵生产。
13、 一种纯灵芝饮料生产方法, 其特征在于, 在常规工艺的基础上, 增加灵 芝适度发酵工艺, 即将灵芝菌种或灵芝经调控灵芝多糖的浓度和调味后, 按饮 料常规工艺进行生产。
14、 根据权利要求 1至 13中任何一项权利要求所述的灵芝化方法或灵芝化 产品生产方法, 其特征在于, 在生成灵芝化成品后, 或在仅需继续发酵后就可 得灵芝化成品的半成品状态时, 将半成品或成品放进硅窗袋进行真空密封包装。
15、 根据权利要求 1 至 13 中任何一项权利要求所述的灵芝化方法或灵芝化 产品生产方法, 其特征在于, 所述的灵芝化生产过程中所使用的液体灵芝菌种 是使用专利号为 ZL00227012.9的专利方法生产的液体灵芝菌种。
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