WO2015010467A1

WO2015010467A1 - Apparatus exchanging heat with high-temperature high-pressure gas

Info

Publication number: WO2015010467A1
Application number: PCT/CN2014/072394
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张衍国; 王友才; 熊东勇; 李清海; 蒙爱红
Original assignee: 清华大学; 北京一亚高科能源科技有限公司
Priority date: 2013-07-22
Filing date: 2014-02-21
Publication date: 2015-01-29

Abstract

Disclosed is an apparatus exchanging heat with high-temperature high-pressure gas. The apparatus comprises an inverted-U-shaped furnace body (2). A high-temperature superheater (10), a lower-temperature superheater (8), an evaporator (7), a water high-temperature heater (5) and a water preheater (3) are sequentially arranged inside the inverted-U-shaped furnace body (2) from an inlet segment of a heat medium along the flow direction of the heat medium. The water preheater (3) is arranged at an outlet segment of the heat medium. The inverted-U-shaped furnace body (2) is a pressure-bearing high-temperature-resisting heat-insulating shell body. A desuperheater (9), a boiler barrel (6) and a deoxidizer (4) are arranged outside the inverted-U-shaped furnace body (2). The desuperheater (9) is respectively connected with the lower-temperature superheater (8) and the high-temperature superheater (10), and the boiler barrel (6) is respectively connected with the water high-temperature heater (5) and the evaporator (7) through pipelines. An inlet of the deoxidizer (4) is connected with the water preheater (3), and an outlet of the deoxidizer (4) is connected with the water high-temperature heater (5). Deoxygenization is carried out after water is preheated. The apparatus exchanging heat with high-temperature high-pressure gas has better pressure resistance and tightness, compact structure, and large heat exchanging area of a heat exchanging pipe in unit volume, and is easy to be overhauled and applicable to energy fields such as solar photo-thermal power generation, chemical engineering and metallurgy.

Description

Description A device for heat exchange with high temperature and high pressure gas

The invention relates to a device for heat exchange with high temperature and high pressure gas. The device can be used in the fields of solar thermal power generation, metallurgy and chemical industry. Background technique

With the world's energy shortage, non-renewable energy sources such as oil, coal, and natural gas are facing silence. People are paying more and more attention to energy conservation and utilization. However, many industries such as metallurgy, chemical industry and petrochemical industry have waste heat generation, which undoubtedly creates huge energy waste. How to recycle these waste heat and use it effectively is a hot research topic. Waste heat is an energy that is not used in energy-using equipment under certain economic and technological conditions. It is an excess or waste energy. The residual heat includes seven parts of high temperature exhaust gas waste heat, cooling medium waste heat, waste steam waste heat, high temperature product and slag waste heat, chemical reaction waste heat, combustible waste gas waste and waste heat and high pressure fluid residual pressure. According to the survey, the total waste heat resources of various industries account for about 17%-67% of the total fuel consumption, and the waste heat resources that can be recycled are about 60% of the total waste heat resources. Energy saving and consumption reduction is a long-term strategic task of metallurgical and chemical enterprises. Full recovery and utilization of these waste heat is one of the hallmarks of the company's modernization. These high-temperature exhaust gas waste heat, high heat, huge output, and serious waste, how to use these energy sources has been a hot spot of attention. Existing conventional exhaust gas waste heat utilization devices such as heat exchangers, but for some high temperature and high pressure waste heat gases The gas-side casing of most of the existing heat exchangers cannot withstand the pressure, so it is necessary to step down and reuse these high-pressure gases, which increases the number of processes, and at the same time, due to the pressure-reducing gas volume expansion, it is bound to cause efficiency. Low, and high cost. In addition, in the solar energy utilization industry, especially solar thermal power generation, there is also the problem of how to efficiently obtain heat from solar energy to generate superheated steam. Due to the influence of day and night, weather and other factors, solar energy supply has the characteristics of intermittent and unstable. Solar radiation itself has a lot of uncontrollability. It is directly used for adding hot water. Due to the large volume change of water from liquid to steam, and the stability of heat source is poor, the water temperature fluctuates, and evaporation and condensation occur. The complexity of the physical properties of water and steam results in complex piping for solar collectors, complex control systems, and poor stability and operability. This problem is improved by an intermediate medium (gas). The solar energy to take heat, and even the heating of the gas after taking heat is a relatively mature process. If it can provide a highly efficient heat exchange device, the superheated steam can be obtained from the high temperature and high pressure gas heated by solar energy, which will undoubtedly provide a new energy for solar thermal utilization. Way. Summary of the invention

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to solve the defects of the prior art and to provide a special heat exchange device resistant to high temperature and high pressure, which can efficiently obtain superheated steam from high temperature and high pressure gas.

The first technical solution adopted by the present invention is: The utility model relates to a device for exchanging heat with a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, characterized in that: the device comprises an inverted U-shaped furnace body, and a high-temperature superheater is arranged in the flow direction of the heat medium inside the inverted U-shaped furnace body from the inlet section of the heat medium. a low temperature superheater, an evaporator, a water high temperature heater and a water preheater; a water preheater disposed at an outlet section of the heat medium; a desuperheater, a drum and a deaerator disposed outside the inverted u-shaped furnace body; The desuperheater is connected to the low temperature superheater and the high temperature superheater through the connecting pipeline through the connecting pipeline; the drum is connected to the water high temperature heater and the evaporator through the connecting pipeline through the connecting pipeline; The deaerator is connected to the connected water preheater and the water high temperature heater through the connecting pipeline through the connecting body; the inverted U-shaped furnace body is a pressure-resistant high temperature insulated housing.

In the above technical solution, the connecting pipe adopts an expandable hole structure at a portion passing through the inverted U-shaped furnace body. The expandable hole structure is a bellows type bidirectional metal expansion joint, the connecting pipe is inserted into the bellows of the expandable hole structure, the two ends of the bellows are fixed with the connecting pipe, the outer wall of one end of the bellows and the inverted u-shaped furnace body The housing is welded.

In the above technical solution, the evaporator is a vertical spiral finned tube bundle structure, and a baffle baffle is set along the tube bundle; the water preheater, the water high temperature heat exchanger, the low temperature superheater and the high temperature superheater are both Snake-shaped spiral finned tube group structure.

The first technical solution of the invention has the following advantages and outstanding effects: The furnace body adopts a shell resistant to high temperature and high pressure, and the heat exchange surface is built in the furnace body, further improving the pressure resistance and airtightness of the furnace body, preventing high temperature and high pressure Leakage and loss of heat medium; The inverted U-shaped furnace body device has a compact structure, which not only reduces the height of the device, saves investment, but also improves the stability and reliability of the device. The heat exchange area per unit volume of the heat exchange tube of the device is large, and the maintenance is simple and easy. It can be used in energy fields such as solar thermal power generation, chemical industry and metallurgy.

The second technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

The utility model relates to a device for exchanging heat with high temperature and high pressure gas, characterized in that: the device comprises an inverted U-shaped furnace body, the inverted U-shaped furnace body is composed of an inverted U-shaped furnace body front section, an inverted U-shaped furnace body rear section and an arc-shaped transition structure The three parts are arranged; the inside of the front section of the inverted U-shaped furnace body is arranged with a high temperature superheater, a low temperature superheater and an evaporator in the order of the flow direction of the heat medium, and the inner part of the inverted u-shaped furnace body is arranged along the flow direction of the heat medium in this order. a water high temperature heater and a water preheater, wherein the inverted u-shaped furnace body is provided with a desuperheater, a drum and a deaerator; the desuperheater is respectively connected to the low temperature superheater and the high temperature superheater; The drums are respectively connected with a water high temperature heater and an evaporator through a pipeline; the deaerator inlet is connected to a water preheater, and the deaerator outlet is connected to a water high temperature heater; the front section of the inverted U-shaped furnace body adopts a natural Circulating membrane water wall or forced circulation sleeve type spiral coil water-cooling structure; the rear part of the inverted u-shaped furnace body is a pressure-resistant high temperature resistant heat insulating shell; the curved transition structure passes through the expansion joint structure of the front end thereof Inverted u-shaped furnace body front section connection

In the above technical solution, the sleeve type spiral coil water-cooling structure is composed of a sleeve and at least one set of spiral coils; the spiral coil is disposed on the inner wall of the sleeve. When the spiral coils are two or more sets, they are arranged in a concentric manner, and the outermost set of spiral coils of the concentric circles are arranged close to the inner wall of the sleeve.

In the above technical solution, the water preheater, the water high temperature heater, the low temperature superheater and the high temperature superheater are all a serpentine fin tube group structure.

According to the second technical solution, in addition to the advantages of the first solution, the following advantages are obtained: Since the high temperature section of the furnace body adopts the water cooling structure and the low temperature section adopts the heat insulation temperature resistance structure, the material required for the furnace body in the high temperature section can be effectively reduced. grade, Reduced the cost. DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for exchanging heat with a high temperature and high pressure gas according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a spiral fin heat exchange tube of a device for exchanging heat with a high temperature and high pressure gas according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of an expandable hole of a device for exchanging heat with a high-temperature and high-pressure gas according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing a device for exchanging heat with a high-temperature and high-pressure gas in a front portion of an inverted U-shaped furnace body according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing a device for exchanging heat with a high-temperature and high-pressure gas in a water-cooling structure of a sleeve type spiral coil in a front portion of an inverted U-shaped furnace body according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 5.

Fig. 7 is a side elevational view showing the water-cooling structure of the sleeve type spiral coil in the front section of the inverted U-shaped furnace body according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing the arc-shaped transition structure of a device for exchanging heat with a high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the front section of the inverted U-shaped furnace body according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-heat medium outlet; 2-inverted U-shaped furnace body; 3A-water preheater inlet header; 3-water preheater; 3B-water preheater outlet header; 4-deaerator; 5A-water high temperature heater inlet header; 5-water high temperature heater; 5B-water high temperature heater outlet header; 6-drum; 7A-evaporator inlet header; 7-evaporator; 7B-evaporator Flow baffle; 7C-evaporator outlet header; 8A-low temperature superheater inlet header; 8-low temperature superheater; 8B-low temperature superheater outlet header; 9-desuperheater; 10A- high temperature superheater inlet header 10 - high temperature superheater; 11 - expandable hole structure; 12 - heat medium inlet; 13 - spiral fin heat exchange tube; 14 - spiral fin; 101 - inverted U-shaped furnace body; 102 - water preheater; 103-deaerator; 104-water high temperature heater; 105-drum; 106-evaporator; 107-low temperature superheater; 108-desuperheater; 109-high temperature superheater; 110-expansion joint structure; Water-cooled wall outlet header; 112-inverted U-shaped furnace front section; 113-membrane water-cooled wall inlet header; 114-sleeve type spiral coil water-cooled structure; 115-inverted U-shaped furnace body rear section; 116-arc Transitional structure; 1 17-sleeve; 118-spiral coil. detailed description

The structure, principle and working process of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

A first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, is a device for exchanging heat with a high temperature and high pressure gas, comprising an inverted u-shaped furnace body 2, a water preheater 3, a deaerator 4, a water high temperature heater 5, and a pot. The cartridge 6, the evaporator 7, the low temperature superheater 8, the desuperheater 9, and the high temperature superheater 10.

The heat medium according to the present invention is a high temperature and high pressure gas having a temperature of 50 CTC or more and a pressure of 0.1 MPa or more, such as air, carbon dioxide or the like, and enters the inverted U-shaped furnace body 2 through the heat medium inlet 12 of the apparatus according to the present invention. Along the heat medium In the flow direction of the high temperature and high pressure gas, a high temperature superheater 10, a low temperature superheater 8, an evaporator 7, a water high temperature heater 5, and a water preheater 3 are sequentially disposed in the inverted U-shaped furnace body 2. The heat medium is sequentially exchanged with the working medium in the high temperature superheater 10, the low temperature superheater 8, the evaporator 7, the water high temperature heater 5, and the water preheater 3, and then flows out from the heat medium outlet 1. The working water enters the water preheater 3 from the water preheater inlet header 3A, and exchanges heat with the high temperature and high pressure gas heat medium flowing through the water preheater, and the working water after the heat exchange is heated It flows out from the water preheater outlet header 3B, and enters the deaerator 4 connected to the water preheater to remove oxygen. The deaerator is provided outside the inverted U-shaped furnace body 2. The working water after passing the oxygen removal enters the water high temperature heater 5 connected to the outlet of the deaerator, and the heat exchange with the heat medium further increases the temperature to become saturated water. The saturated water enters the drum 6 and the drum is placed outside the inverted U-shaped furnace body 2. The saturated water flows into the evaporator 7 from the downcomer of the drum 6, and exchanges heat with the heat medium. The working water evaporates to generate steam, and the steam is returned from the riser to the drum 6, and the gas and water are separated in the drum. The separated saturated steam enters the low temperature superheater 8 from the main gas pipe of the drum 6, continues to exchange heat with the heat medium to form superheated steam, and then enters the desuperheater 9 for temperature adjustment. The desuperheater 9 is disposed outside the inverted U-shaped furnace body 2, and is temperature-reduced according to the feedback value of the steam temperature during operation. The temperature-regulated superheated steam enters the high temperature superheater 10, exchanges heat with the heat medium initially entering the furnace body, and is heated to superheated steam of the target product.

The water preheater 3, the water high temperature heat exchanger 5, the low temperature superheater 8 and the high temperature superheater 10 heat exchange tubes all adopt a spiral finned tube group structure as shown in Fig. 2, and the spiral fin heat exchange tubes 13 And spiral fins 14 composition. The evaporator 7 is a vertical tube bundle structure, and a baffle baffle 7B is arranged along the tube bundle, and the heat medium flows through the baffle to change the flow direction to form a turbulent flow, thereby enhancing the heat exchange effect. The evaporation and circulation of water inside the evaporator 7 is a natural circulation.

The inverted U-shaped furnace body 2 of the present invention is a high temperature and high pressure resistant insulated housing capable of withstanding the temperature and pressure of a high temperature and high pressure gas heat medium. Heat exchange components such as water preheater 3, water high temperature heater 5, evaporator 7, low temperature superheater 8 and high temperature superheater 10 and their headers are all arranged in the furnace body to ensure the system's airtightness and avoid high temperature and high pressure. Gas leakage. The connecting pipe of the deaerator 4 and the water preheater 3 and the water high temperature heater 5 respectively adopts an expandable hole structure 11 when passing through the casing of the inverted U-shaped furnace body 2. Similarly, the connecting pipe of the drum and the water high temperature heater 5 and the evaporator 7 also adopts the expandable hole structure 11 when passing through the casing of the inverted U-shaped furnace body 2. The connecting pipe of the desuperheater 9 to the low temperature superheater 8 and the high temperature superheater 10 also employs an expandable hole structure 11 when passing through the casing of the inverted U-shaped furnace body 2. As shown in FIG. 3, the expandable hole structure 11 is a bellows type bidirectional metal expansion joint, and the connecting pipe is inserted into the bellows of the expandable hole structure 11, and both ends of the bellows are welded to the connecting pipe, and the bellows is used. The elastic deformation of the elastic member compensates for the stress or tensile deformation of the connecting pipe due to thermal expansion and contraction, etc.; the outer wall of one end of the bellows is welded to the housing of the inverted U-shaped furnace body 2 to ensure the sealing at the joint.

When the device is used in the field of solar energy, it starts and stops every day. Because of the extremely low temperature in winter and night, in order to avoid the freezing of the working fluid in the heat exchange tube group, the working medium needs to be emptied, so the water preheater 3 and the water are hot. The heat exchanger 5, the evaporator 7, the low temperature superheater 8, the desuperheater 9, and the high temperature superheater 10 are provided with a sewage outlet below the tube group, which can be used for draining the working water in the heat pipe.

According to the technical solution of the first embodiment, the furnace body adopts a shell resistant to high temperature and high pressure, and the heat exchange surface is built in the furnace body, thereby further improving the pressure resistance and airtightness of the furnace body, preventing leakage and loss of the high temperature and high pressure heat medium. The inverted U-shaped furnace unit has a compact structure, which reduces the height of the unit, saves investment, and improves the stability and reliability of the unit. The device The heat exchange area per unit volume of the heat exchange tube is large, and the maintenance is simple and easy. Can be used in solar energy, solar power, chemical and metallurgical energy fields.

A second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, is a device for exchanging heat with a high temperature and high pressure gas, comprising an inverted U-shaped furnace body 101, a water preheater 102, a deaerator 103, and a water high temperature heater 104. The drum 105, the evaporator 106, the low temperature superheater 107, the desuperheater 108 and the high temperature superheater 109. Along the flow direction of the heat medium, the inverted U-shaped furnace body 101 is divided into an inverted U-shaped furnace front section 112, an arc-shaped transition structure 116, and an inverted U-shaped furnace body rear section 115. The high-temperature superheater 109, the low-temperature superheater 107, and the evaporator 106 are arranged in the front of the front section 112 of the inverted U-shaped furnace body along the flow direction of the heat medium, and the water high-temperature heater 104 is sequentially disposed inside the rear section 115 of the inverted U-shaped furnace body along the flow direction of the heat medium. And water preheater 102.

The arc-shaped transition structure 116 and the inverted U-shaped furnace rear section 115 are both made of a heat-resistant alloy steel structure, and the inverted U-shaped furnace body front section 112 adopts a membrane type water wall or a sleeve type spiral coil water-cooling structure, and carbon can be used. Steel and other materials have different thermal stresses due to different materials and different temperature ranges of the heat medium. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 8, the front section 112 of the inverted U-shaped furnace body passes through the expansion joint structure 110 and the curved transition structure. The front end of the 116 is connected to eliminate stress deformation and the like. The expansion joint structure 110 is a flexible structure as an elastically compensable element that can be freely stretched.

The heat medium shown in the present invention is a high-temperature high-pressure gas having a temperature of 50 CTC or more and a pressure of 0.1 MPa or more, such as air, carbon dioxide or the like, and enters the inverted U-shaped furnace body 101 through the heat medium inlet of the apparatus according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4, in one technical solution, the inverted U-shaped furnace body front section 112 adopts a natural circulation membrane water wall. In this technical solution, the heat medium is sequentially exchanged with the working medium in the high temperature superheater 109, the low temperature superheater 107, the evaporator 106, the water high temperature heater 104, and the water preheater 102, and then flows out from the heat medium outlet. During this process, when the heat medium flows through the front section 112 of the inverted U-shaped furnace body of the membrane water wall structure, it also exchanges heat with the working medium in the water wall. The working water enters the water preheater 102 from the water inlet, exchanges heat with the high temperature and high pressure gas heat medium flowing there, and the working water after the heat exchange is heated enters the deaerator 103 connected to the water preheater to remove oxygen. The deaerator 103 is provided outside the inverted U-shaped furnace body 101. The working water after passing the oxygen removal enters the water high temperature heater 104 connected to the outlet of the deaerator 103, and heat exchange with the heat medium further increases the temperature to become saturated water. The saturated water enters the drum 105, and the drum is disposed outside the inverted U-shaped furnace body 101. A part of the saturated water flows into the evaporator 106 from the downcomer of the drum 105, exchanges heat with the heat medium, and the working water evaporates to generate steam, and the steam is returned from the riser to the drum 105 to perform steam-water separation in the drum. The membrane type water wall inlet header 113 is connected to the downcomer of the drum 105, and the other part of the saturated water enters the membrane water wall 112 from the membrane water wall annular inlet header 113, and flows through the front section of the inverted U-shaped furnace body 101. After the heat medium is evaporated, the membrane water-cooling wall annular outlet header 111 enters the drum 105 for gas-water separation. The separated saturated steam enters the low temperature superheater 107 from the main gas pipe of the drum 105 to continue to exchange heat with the heat medium to form superheated steam, and then enters the desuperheater 108 for temperature adjustment. The desuperheater 108 is disposed outside the inverted U-shaped furnace body 101, and is temperature-reduced according to the feedback value of the steam temperature during operation. The temperature-regulated superheated steam enters the high temperature superheater 109, exchanges heat with the heat medium initially entering the furnace body, and is heated to superheated steam of the target product. The final product is taken up by a high temperature superheater. Since the rear section of the furnace is the inlet section of the high-temperature heat medium, the temperature of the heat medium is higher than the temperature of the heat medium in the front section of the furnace body. Therefore, the temperature resistance of the material in the rear section of the furnace body is generally higher, and the structural design of the membrane water-cooled wall is higher. , it can make the back of the furnace body do not need to use high temperature resistant materials, thus reducing the cost of the furnace body. The circulation process of the working water in the membrane water wall is a natural circulation. As shown in FIG. 5, in another technical solution, the front section of the inverted U-shaped furnace body adopts a forced circulation sleeve type spiral coil water-cooling structure 114. As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the sleeved spiral coil water-cooling structure 114 is comprised of a sleeve 117 and at least one set of helical coils 118 that are disposed in close proximity to the inner wall of the sleeve. When the temperature of the heat medium is high, in order to reduce the volume of the device, the spiral coils 118 are two or more sets to increase the heat exchange capacity of the working water. More than two sets of spiral coils 118 are arranged concentrically within the sleeve 117, with the outermost set of spiral coils concentrically placed against the inner wall of the sleeve. In this technical solution, the heat medium enters the inverted U-shaped furnace body 101, followed by the high temperature superheater 109, the low temperature superheater 107, the evaporator 106, the water high temperature heater 104, the sleeve type spiral coil water cooling structure 114 and the water preheating. The working fluid in the heat exchanger 102 exchanges heat and then flows out from the heat medium outlet. The working water enters the water preheater 102, and exchanges heat with the high temperature and high pressure gas heat medium flowing therethrough, and the working water after the heat exchange is heated enters the deaerator 103 connected to the water preheater 102 to remove oxygen. The deaerator 103 is provided outside the inverted U-shaped furnace body 101. The working water after passing the oxygen removal is further introduced into the sleeve type spiral coil water-cooling structure 114 from the water inlet structure of the sleeve type spiral coil water-cooling structure connected to the outlet of the deaerator 103, and exchanges heat with the heat medium, and the water is heated. The water high temperature heater 104 connected to the outlet of the sleeve type spiral coil water-cooling structure is further introduced to further exchange heat with the heat medium to increase the temperature to become saturated water. The saturated water enters the drum 105, and the drum is disposed outside the inverted U-shaped furnace body 101. The saturated water flows into the evaporator 106 from the downcomer of the drum 105, exchanges heat with the heat medium, and the working water evaporates to generate steam, which is returned from the riser to the drum 105 to perform steam-water separation in the drum. The separated saturated steam enters the low temperature superheater 107 from the main gas pipe of the drum 105 to continue to exchange heat with the heat medium to form superheated steam, and then enters the desuperheater 108 for temperature adjustment. The desuperheater 108 is disposed outside the inverted U-shaped furnace body 101, and is temperature-reduced according to the feedback value of the steam temperature during operation. The temperature-regulated superheated steam enters the high temperature superheater 109, exchanges heat with the heat medium initially entering the furnace body, and is heated to superheated steam of the target product. The final product is taken up by a high temperature superheater. The circulation process of the working water in the water-cooled structure of the sleeve type spiral coil is forced circulation.

In the above two technical solutions and embodiments, the water preheater 102, the water high temperature heater 104, the low temperature superheater 107 and the high temperature superheater 109 are all serpentine fin tube group structures, and the bottom of the tube group structure is set. The sewage outlet is designed to have the lowest water discharge point, and when the heat exchange device stops working, it can be used to evacuate the water preheater 102, the water high temperature heater 104, the low temperature superheater 107 and the high temperature superheater 109 in the heat pipe. Working water.

According to the technical solution of the second embodiment, in addition to the advantages of the technical solution of the first embodiment, the following advantages are obtained: Since the high temperature section of the furnace body adopts the water cooling structure and the low temperature section adopts the heat insulation temperature resistance structure, the furnace body can be effectively reduced. The material grade required for the high temperature section reduces the cost.

Claims

claims

1. A device for exchanging heat with high-temperature and high-pressure gas, characterized in that: the device includes an inverted U-shaped furnace body (2), and inside the inverted U-shaped furnace body (2) along the flow direction of the heat medium from the inlet of the heat medium There are high-temperature superheater (10), low-temperature superheater (8), evaporator (7), water high-temperature heater (5) and water preheater (3) in sequence from section 1 to 3; the water preheater (3) is set in The outlet section of the heat medium; a desuperheater (9), a drum (6) and a deaerator (4) are provided outside the inverted U-shaped furnace body (2); the desuperheater (9) is connected through a connecting pipe Passing through the furnace body, they are respectively connected to the low-temperature superheater (8) and the high-temperature superheater (10); the described drum (6) passes through the furnace body through connecting pipes and is respectively connected to the water high-temperature heater (5) and the evaporator (7). ) connection; the deaerator (4) passes through the furnace body through a connecting pipe and is connected to the water preheater (3) and the water high-temperature heater (5) respectively; the inverted U-shaped furnace body (2) It is a pressure-bearing and high-temperature-resistant insulated shell.

2. A device for exchanging heat with high-temperature and high-pressure gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: the connecting pipe adopts an expandable hole structure (11) at the location where it passes through the inverted U-shaped furnace body (2).

3. A device for exchanging heat with high-temperature and high-pressure gas according to claim 2, characterized in that: the expandable hole structure is a bellows-type two-way metal expansion joint, and the connecting pipe is inserted into the bellows of the expandable hole structure. The two ends of the corrugated pipe are fixedly connected to the connecting pipe, and the outer wall of one end of the corrugated pipe is welded to the shell of the inverted U-shaped furnace body.

4. A device for exchanging heat with high-temperature and high-pressure gas according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the evaporator (7) is a vertical spiral fin tube bundle structure, and baffles are set up along the tube bundle. Baffle (7B); The water preheater, water high-temperature heat exchanger, low-temperature superheater and high-temperature superheater are all serpentine spiral fin tube group structures.

5. A device for exchanging heat with high-temperature and high-pressure gas, characterized in that: the device includes an inverted U-shaped furnace body (101), and the inverted U-shaped furnace body (101) consists of an inverted U-shaped furnace body front section (112), an inverted U-shaped furnace body (112), and an inverted U-shaped furnace body (101). The rear section of the U-shaped furnace body (115) and the arc-shaped transition structure (116) are composed of three parts; the front section of the inverted U-shaped furnace body (112) is arranged with high-temperature superheaters (109) and low-temperature superheaters in sequence along the flow direction of the heat medium. (107), evaporator (106), and a water high-temperature heater (104) and a water preheater (102) are arranged in the rear section of the inverted U-shaped furnace body along the heat medium flow direction; the inverted U-shaped furnace body (101) is provided with a desuperheater (108), a drum (105) and a deaerator (103) externally; the desuperheater (108) is connected to the low-temperature superheater (107) and the high-temperature superheater through pipelines respectively. (109) are connected; the drum (105) is connected to the water high-temperature heater (104) and the evaporator (106) respectively through pipelines; the inlet of the deaerator (103) is connected to the water preheater (102 ), the outlet of the deaerator is connected to the high-temperature water heater (104); the front section of the inverted U-shaped furnace body (112) adopts a natural circulation membrane water-cooling wall or a forced circulation sleeve-type spiral coil water-cooling structure (114); the inverted U The rear section (115) of the furnace body is a pressure-bearing and high-temperature-resistant insulated shell; the front section (112) of the inverted U-shaped furnace body is connected to the front end of the arc-shaped transition structure (116) through the expansion joint structure (110).

6. A device for exchanging heat with high-temperature and high-pressure gas according to claim 5, characterized in that: the sleeve-type spiral coil water-cooling structure (114) consists of a sleeve (117) and at least one set of spiral disks The spiral coiled tube (118) is arranged close to the inner wall of the sleeve.

7. A device for exchanging heat with high-temperature and high-pressure gas according to claim 6, characterized in that: when there are more than two groups of spiral coils (118), the spiral coils (118) are arranged in a concentric circle, and the concentric circles are The outermost set of spiral coils is arranged close to the inner wall of the sleeve.

8. A device for exchanging heat with high-temperature and high-pressure gas according to claim 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that: the water preheater (102), the water high-temperature heater (104), and the low-temperature superheater (107) and high-temperature superheater (109) are both serpentine finned tube structures.