WO2015008175A1 - Projectile, in particular ammunition, for a defense launcher - Google Patents

Projectile, in particular ammunition, for a defense launcher Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015008175A1
WO2015008175A1 PCT/IB2014/062206 IB2014062206W WO2015008175A1 WO 2015008175 A1 WO2015008175 A1 WO 2015008175A1 IB 2014062206 W IB2014062206 W IB 2014062206W WO 2015008175 A1 WO2015008175 A1 WO 2015008175A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
projectile
central portion
launcher
end portions
sleeve
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2014/062206
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Gaël GUILLERM
Original Assignee
Guillerm Gaël
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Guillerm Gaël filed Critical Guillerm Gaël
Priority to EP14739553.7A priority Critical patent/EP3022519B1/en
Priority to ES14739553.7T priority patent/ES2660090T3/en
Priority to PL14739553T priority patent/PL3022519T3/en
Publication of WO2015008175A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015008175A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
    • F42B12/74—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the core or solid body
    • F42B12/745—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the core or solid body the core being made of plastics; Compounds or blends of plastics and other materials, e.g. fillers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/02—Stabilising arrangements
    • F42B10/14—Stabilising arrangements using fins spread or deployed after launch, e.g. after leaving the barrel
    • F42B10/16—Wrap-around fins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
    • F42B14/065—Sabots carrying several projectiles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B7/00—Shotgun ammunition
    • F42B7/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile
    • F42B7/10—Ball or slug shotgun cartridges

Definitions

  • PROJECTILE PARTICULARLY AMMUNITION, FOR DEFENSE LAUNCHER
  • the present invention relates to a projectile, in particular ammunition, for a defensive launcher, that is to say a projectile intended to disable an adversary without major risk of fatal injury.
  • offensive launcher within the meaning of the present invention is meant a less lethal weapon, also called sub-lethal or reduced lethal or incapacitating weapon, that is to say a weapon designed for the target to be not killed or hurt heavily.
  • This type of weapon is mainly used for policing riot dispersal and self-defense.
  • less-lethal weapons are weapons systems that are explicitly designed and primarily used to incapacitate people or equipment, while minimizing fatalities or injuries. still permanent injuries to these same people as well as undesirable damage to its integrity and its environment.
  • the present invention aims both at reducing the risk of irreversible injuries likely to be caused by a less-lethal projectile and at proposing a less-lethal projectile which is of reduced dimensions compared to the less-lethal projectiles according to the state of the art. art, in order to increase the number of less lethal projectiles available in a launcher or weapon and in particular in a magazine.
  • the projectiles or ammunition described as "less-lethal" are used by the police to put an end to the disturbances on the public road, in particular during agitated demonstrations or riots.
  • a first type of projectile is currently known in the state of the art: these projectiles, fired in the direction of the crowd but towards the sky, release suffocating or irritating gases in order to provoke the dispersal of the demonstrators.
  • This first type of projectiles has the disadvantage of releasing their substance in a very large space, because of the nature of the shot and thus to inconvenience a large number of people on the scene, sometimes including people not involved in disturbances, or even the police when they take back possession of the ground previously occupied by the demonstrators at the time of the firing and whose air is largely charged with gas.
  • a second type of projectile is known that is intended for law enforcement or the control of individuals: these so-called neutralization projectiles may be of various shapes, such as spherical or stick-shaped, and are generally made of rubber. or equivalent materials. These projectiles are intended to be fired in tight fire on protesters in order to neutralize them by the shock effect produced by the projectile due to the transformation of its kinetic energy during the contact on the target.
  • the propellant charge of a munition that initially incorporates such a projectile is theoretically adapted so that the impact of the projectile on the demonstrator creates only bruises without danger to the life of the latter.
  • the dimensions of the projectile are also an important parameter so that it can not penetrate without irreversible damage part of a human being, such as an eye.
  • shaped projectiles and / or high deformability with a diameter at impact greater than that of an eyeball that is to say typically greater than or equal to 40 mm.
  • these projectiles are made by molding a thermoplastic foam and have a substantially cylindrical shape whose length is of the order of 50 to 70 mm and whose diameter is of the order of 40 mm, with an end portion front shaped hemispherical cap.
  • the general object of the invention is to meet part of this need.
  • a projectile, in particular ammunition, for a defensive launcher comprising a body of elongated shape along a longitudinal central axis (X), the external surface of which is made of a material (x) deformable (s) adapted to absorb the energy of an impact on a target, the body having a central portion and two end portions each extending outwardly from said central portion; and each connected to the central portion, each of the end portions having one or more cross-sections greater than that of the central portion.
  • Cross section means the section of the body considered orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the projectile.
  • the projectile is preferably a single piece and the two end portions are identical.
  • the tilting of the projectile according to the invention may be accelerated by an outgrowth on each end portion and which extends outwards along the longitudinal axis.
  • the protrusion may be formed by a flat on a cylindrical section or by a lip projecting outwards.
  • a projectile, in particular ammunition, for a defensive launcher comprising a body of elongated shape along a longitudinal central axis (X), the external surface of which is made of material (x ) deformable (s) adapted to absorb the energy of an impact on a target, the body having a central portion and two end portions each extending outwardly from said central portion and connected each at the central portion, each of the end portions having a cross section equal to that of the central portion, each end portion having an outgrowth extending outward along the longitudinal axis.
  • X longitudinal central axis
  • a projectile is defined in which the widened end portions and / or the protuberances create a large lever arm for the pressure aerodynamic exerted on the exit of weapon or launcher and thus rock the projectile, or in other words makes it rotate around its center of inertia. It should be noted here that this tilting or rotation must not be confused with the rotation at high speed about its longitudinal axis that can be subjected to a projectile according to the state of the art, in particular thanks to a striped tube in helix.
  • the projectile according to the invention tilts around its center of inertia and then stabilizes with its length orthogonal to its trajectory, that is to say, parallel to the target, and therefore impact it according to this length, that is to say, according to its largest dimension.
  • a projectile is obtained whose impact surface is important because defined by its length, which reduces the risk of penetration and injury to a person, compared to a ball or ball according to the state of the art that will always present a primary impact surface (contact with the target) equal to its diameter, not to mention the limited deformation of its structure (secondary impact surface).
  • a primary impact surface contact with the target
  • secondary impact surface the limited deformation of its structure
  • Flash-ball it is made of foam, which can cause an impact on a living target a phenomenon cavitation, that is to say, a strong penetration and occupation of the space left by the retreat of the eyeball by the foam ball, and a rebound phenomenon with unwanted collateral damage.
  • the projectile is initially set up in a weapon or defensive launcher so that its caliber is defined by its widest cross-section, it is possible to size said caliber according to standard gauges of less than 44 mm. .
  • the cross sections of the central and end portions are preferably circular sections.
  • the projectile is preferably symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry orthogonal to the longitudinal axis.
  • the rigidity of the body of the projectile according to the invention is dimensioned in order to avoid any deformation in flight which would be detrimental to the accuracy of the shot.
  • the mechanical characteristics and materials of the projectile according to the invention may vary according to the desired effects and the weapons or launchers used.
  • the projectile comprises a ballast arranged in the central portion of the body. This makes it possible to stabilize the projectile during its trajectory before the impact.
  • the projectile comprises, on at least one of its end portions, a blind hole extending towards the central portion and adapted to accommodate a holding stud of a wedging device forming a wad of an ammunition .
  • the body consists of a core made of rigid material and an envelope of deformable material (s) adapted to absorb the energy of an impact on a target, the most as long as possible, the envelope overmoulding the core.
  • the length of the core and the density of the core and the envelope are to be defined according to the impact force sought on the target and the amount of energy to be absorbed.
  • the core may be metal, for example lead or a mixture of rigid plastics, preferably charged and densified.
  • the envelope may be an aluminum foam or a cellular plastic material covered or not with a film. Whatever the chosen material, the envelope must be able to crash on impact without resuming its original shape. The desired impact force depends on the resistance to deformation of the shocks envelope, which is usually called "programmed resistance”.
  • the projectile comprises at least one stabilizing stabilizer adapted to deploy from a passive position in which it extends along the body and an active position in which it extends in a transverse direction to the longitudinal axis (X).
  • the empennage can be made of a flexible material which is folded into a housing defined by the outer shape of the body and which does not interfere with the placement of the projectile in the barrel of a launcher, and therefore the ballistics inside.
  • Another subject of the invention is, according to another of its aspects, a sleeve for the projectile which has just been described, designed to form a caliber greater than the largest section of the projectile, the sleeve consisting of two adapted half-shells to assemble them and whose inner forms define a nesting housing projectile.
  • the projectile according to the invention can be used in a firearm and thus be housed in an ammunition comprising a case / cartridge / sleeve with a wad, an explosive charge and a primer.
  • the invention thus also relates, according to yet another of its aspects, an ammunition comprising a projectile which has just been described, a socket inside which the projectile is housed.
  • the munition comprises a wedging device forming a wad, consisting of a disk and a holding pin projecting from the disk, the holding pin being housed in a blind hole made on an end portion of the projectile.
  • a munition according to the invention may comprise a sleeve described above in which a projectile according to the invention is housed, the sleeve being itself housed in the sleeve.
  • the projectile according to the invention may also be used in any other launcher with a means of propulsion other than an explosive charge.
  • the projectile according to the invention can be propelled directly by a spring-loaded mechanical compression launcher or by a "paint-ball" air-compressed launcher.
  • the invention also relates, in another of its aspects, an adapter sleeve for several projectiles such as that just described, in the form of a shower, for forming a higher caliber.
  • an adapter sleeve makes it possible to form a jet of projectiles according to the invention at the output of the weapon barrel / launcher.
  • Such an adapter sleeve is advantageously made of a foam hollowed out with a number of cells equal to that of the projectiles according to the invention, the inner shape of a cell defining an interlocking housing of a given projectile.
  • a sleeve with a number of seven cells distributed uniformly over a cylindrical diameter of foam can be used.
  • Such a sleeve can also be housed in a socket.
  • the projectile according to the invention can be used in a caliber firearm
  • the invention thus also relates, according to yet another of its aspects, an ammunition comprising a projectile which has just been described, a socket inside which the projectile is housed.
  • a munition according to the invention may comprise a sleeve with cells described above in which the projectiles according to the invention are housed, the cells themselves being housed in the socket.
  • the projectile according to the invention may also be used in any other launcher with a means of propulsion other than an explosive charge.
  • the projectile according to the invention can be propelled directly by a spring-loaded mechanical compression launcher or by a "paint-ball" air-compressed launcher.
  • the projectile and the ammunition according to the invention are advantageously used in a preferred application as a less-lethal weapon.
  • the projectile according to the invention remotely fired can thus be used in closed and / or external premises for the neutralization of one or more persons.
  • the projectile may contain, for example, a chemical powder OC type (oleoresin capsicum) or its derivatives, Capsaicin, CN (2-chloroacetophenone) or CS (O-chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile) or CR (dibenzoxazepine).
  • the projectile, fired remotely allows a neutralization of the person (s) without risk of fire related to conventional smoke devices in a closed room.
  • the shell of the ammunition may consist of a compacted irritating powder disintegrating upon impact.
  • the projectile according to the invention can be projected in order to pierce a window or a door for example.
  • the projectile according to the invention can be used on a living target or a non-living target, fixed or mobile.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a first example of a projectile according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of a projectile according to FIG. 1;
  • Figure 2A is a longitudinal sectional view of Figure 2;
  • - Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the tilt trajectory undergone by a projectile according to the invention before its impact on a person to control;
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a portion of a munition incorporating a second example of a projectile according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a third example of a projectile according to the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the second example of a projectile according to the invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the second example of projectile according to the invention fitted into a half-shell of a sleeve to adapt the projectile to a higher caliber of a weapon / launcher;
  • FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of the second example of projectile according to the invention and of the adapter sleeve with a higher caliber of a weapon / launcher;
  • FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of the adapter sleeve to a higher-caliber weapon / launcher and an ammunition round in which the sleeve can be accommodated;
  • FIGS. 10 to 20 are schematic sectional and side views of different variants of a projectile according to the invention consisting of a core and a casing overmolding the core and defining the outer surface of the projectile;
  • FIGS. 21 to 23 are schematic views of alternative embodiments of a projectile according to the invention incorporating one or more stabilization stabilizers in flight.
  • FIG. 24 is a perspective view of an adapter sleeve for adapting a plurality of projectiles, in the form of a sheaf, to an upper caliber of a weapon / launcher and a munition sleeve in which the sleeve is housed.
  • the projectile 1 according to the invention comprises a body 10 of elongate shape along a longitudinal axis X.
  • the body 10 comprises a central portion 11 of circular section to which two identical end portions 12, 13 are connected, of circular general section greater than that of the central portion and which extend outwardly.
  • Each of the end portions 12, 13 has an outgrowth 12a, 13a in the form of a flat portion formed on a cylindrical portion.
  • the projectile shape is symmetrical inverted with respect to a plane of symmetry passing through the center of inertia C.
  • the projectile 1 according to the invention undergoes a tilting around the center of inertia C so that it follows, at the exit of the weapon or the launcher, a trajectory orthogonal to its longitudinal axis X.
  • the projectile 1 according to the invention will come to impact a person that one seeks to control over its length, that is to say on its largest dimension.
  • the caliber of the projectile 1 according to the invention is defined, as for the projectiles according to the state of the art, by the width of the end portions 12, 13, it is possible to accommodate a large number within the same charger without increasing the size of weapon / launcher.
  • the length L of a projectile according to the invention may be between 40 and 100 mm and the diameter 0 defined by the widened section of the end portions 12, 13 may be between 10 and 50 mm.
  • the projectile 1 incorporates a ballast 14 within its central portion which does not modify the center of inertia C which remains in the plane of symmetry.
  • the projectile 1 according to the invention can be integrated into a munition so that it can be used with a firearm.
  • FIG. 4 shows part of a munition according to the invention.
  • the projectile 1 is housed in the sleeve 2 and wedged against an explosive charge not shown at the bottom of the socket by means of a wedging device 3 usually called wad. More specifically, as illustrated, the wad 3 comprises a holding pin 30 which fits into a central blind hole 15a formed on an end portion 12 of the projectile 1. As usual, once fired, at the barrel outlet of a firearm, the projectile 1 disengages from the socket 2 and the wad 3.
  • the protrusion 12a, 13a is produced on each end portion in the form of a flat part, it is also possible to provide a protrusion in the form of a lip protruding outwardly from the body 10 ( Figures 5 and 6).
  • the projectile 1 according to the invention may have a general diabolo shape with a reduced central portion 11 and end portions 12, 13 in the form of a truncated cone (FIG. 5).
  • a sleeve 4 of gauge adaptation consists of two half-shells 40, 41 which can be assembled together by snapping by means of tabs 42, 43 ( Figures 7 and 8).
  • the sleeve 4 can itself be housed in a bushing 2 of ammunition (FIG. 9). As usual, once fired, at the exit of the barrel of a firearm, the projectile 1 disengages the sleeve 2, the wad 3 and the sleeve 4 whose two half-shells 40, 41 separate and release the projectile 1.
  • the projectile 1 may consist of a rigid core 16, typically metal or plastic, coated with a molded envelope 17 of material adapted to absorb the energy at impact on a target.
  • the core may be metal, lead example or rigid plastics loaded and densified and the envelope may be an aluminum foam or cellular plastic covered or not with a film.
  • the envelope must crash on impact without returning to its original form. The desired impact force depends on the shock resistance of the envelope, it is called programmed resistance.
  • Various core shapes 16 may be provided, such as a circular section (Figure 10), rhombus (Figure 11), square (Figure 12), rectangle (Figure 13), circular section with wings 16a, 16b (Figure 14), in a hemicylindrical form (Figure 15).
  • the outer surface of the body 10 of the projectile 1 can have different shapes, such as a symmetrical shape with respect to a plane of symmetry ( Figure 16) or inverted symmetry ( Figure 17).
  • the body 10 comprises a central portion 11 of circular section to which are connected two end portions 12, 13 identical, of circular general section equal to that of the central portion and which extend outward, each of the end portions 12, 13 then having an outgrowth 12a, 13a extending outward along the longitudinal axis ( Figures 18, 19).
  • the general shape of the projectile 1 may be a diabolo (FIG. 20) with the central portion 11 of circular section and two end portions 12, 13 in the form of a truncated cone widening outwards.
  • diabolo is advantageous because it saves weight by removing material from the cylinder, to increase aerodynamic projectile and form a circular arc during impact contact. This makes it possible to avoid striking an eye of a person who is bulging.
  • the projectile 1 may comprise a stabilizing tail 18 (FIGS. 21 and 22) or two stabilizing tailings 18, 19 (FIG. 23) each adapted to deploy from a passive position in which it extends along the body and an active position in which it extends in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis (X).
  • a stabilizing tail 18 FIGS. 21 and 22
  • two stabilizing tailings 18, 19 FIG. 23
  • FIG. 24 shows a view of an adapter sleeve 5 for firing a plurality of projectiles 1 in the form of a sheaf by a weapon / launcher, the sleeve 5 in which the projectiles 1 are interlocked. housed in a socket 2 of ammunition.
  • the sleeve 5 shown is constituted by a polyurethane foam hollowed with cavities 50 in each of which is housed by interlocking a projectile 1. More exactly, in the example illustrated in FIG. 24, the foam 5 comprises a number of seven identical cells 50. distributed evenly over the cylindrical diameter and housing seven projectiles 1 identical to that shown in FIG.

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel projectile, in particular, for a defense launcher. The aim of the invention is to reduce the risk of permanent injuries that can be caused by a less-lethal projectile and to offer a less-lethal projectile that is smaller than less-lethal projectiles of the prior art.

Description

PROJECTILE, EN PARTICULIER MUNITION, POUR LANCEUR DE DEFENSE PROJECTILE, PARTICULARLY AMMUNITION, FOR DEFENSE LAUNCHER
Domaine technique Technical area
La présente invention concerne un projectile, en particulier munition, pour lanceur de défense, c'est-à-dire un projectile destiné à mettre hors de combat un adversaire sans risque majeur de blessure mortelle.  The present invention relates to a projectile, in particular ammunition, for a defensive launcher, that is to say a projectile intended to disable an adversary without major risk of fatal injury.
Par « lanceur de défense » au sens de la présente invention, on entend une arme moins-létale, également appelée sub-létale ou à létalité réduite ou encore incapacitante, c'est-à-dire une arme conçue pour que la cible ne soit pas tuée ou blessée lourdement.  By "defensive launcher" within the meaning of the present invention is meant a less lethal weapon, also called sub-lethal or reduced lethal or incapacitating weapon, that is to say a weapon designed for the target to be not killed or hurt heavily.
Ce type d'arme est principalement utilisé pour le maintien de l'ordre dans la dispersion d'émeutes et l'autodéfense. Selon la définition officielle donnée par le département de la défense des États-Unis d'Amérique, des armes moins-létales sont des systèmes d'armes explicitement conçus et principalement utilisés pour neutraliser des personnes ou du matériel, tout en minimisant les accidents mortels ou encore les blessures permanentes à ces mêmes personnes ainsi que et les dommages indésirables à son intégrité et à son environnement.  This type of weapon is mainly used for policing riot dispersal and self-defense. According to the official definition given by the United States Department of Defense, less-lethal weapons are weapons systems that are explicitly designed and primarily used to incapacitate people or equipment, while minimizing fatalities or injuries. still permanent injuries to these same people as well as undesirable damage to its integrity and its environment.
La présente invention vise à la fois à diminuer les risques de blessures irréversibles susceptibles d'être causés par un projectile moins-létal et à proposer un projectile moins-létal qui soit de dimensions réduites comparativement aux projectiles moins-létaux selon l'état de l'art et ce, afin d'augmenter le nombre des projectiles moins létaux à disposition dans un lanceur ou arme et en particulier dans un chargeur.  The present invention aims both at reducing the risk of irreversible injuries likely to be caused by a less-lethal projectile and at proposing a less-lethal projectile which is of reduced dimensions compared to the less-lethal projectiles according to the state of the art. art, in order to increase the number of less lethal projectiles available in a launcher or weapon and in particular in a magazine.
État de la technique  State of the art
Les projectiles ou munitions qualifiées de « moins-létaux » sont utilisés par les forces de l'ordre pour faire cesser les troubles sur la voie publique, notamment lors de manifestations agitées ou d'émeutes.  The projectiles or ammunition described as "less-lethal" are used by the police to put an end to the disturbances on the public road, in particular during agitated demonstrations or riots.
On connaît actuellement dans l'état de la technique un premier type de projectiles: ces projectiles, tirés en direction de la foule mais vers le ciel, libèrent des gaz suffocants ou irritants afin de provoquer la dispersion des manifestants.  A first type of projectile is currently known in the state of the art: these projectiles, fired in the direction of the crowd but towards the sky, release suffocating or irritating gases in order to provoke the dispersal of the demonstrators.
Ce premier type de projectiles a pour inconvénient de libérer leur substance dans un espace très large, du fait de la nature du tir et donc d'incommoder un grand nombre de personnes se trouvant sur les lieux parmi lesquelles figurent parfois des personnes non impliquées dans les troubles, ou bien même les forces de l'ordre lorsqu'elles reprennent possession du terrain occupé précédemment par les manifestants au moment du tir et dont l'air est largement chargé des gaz. This first type of projectiles has the disadvantage of releasing their substance in a very large space, because of the nature of the shot and thus to inconvenience a large number of people on the scene, sometimes including people not involved in disturbances, or even the police when they take back possession of the ground previously occupied by the demonstrators at the time of the firing and whose air is largely charged with gas.
On connaît un deuxième type de projectile destiné aux opérations de maintien de l'ordre ou à la maîtrise d'individus : ces projectiles dits de neutralisation peuvent être de formes diverses, telles que sphériques ou sous forme de bâton, et sont en général en caoutchouc ou matériaux équivalents. Ces projectiles sont destinés à être tirés en tir tendu sur des manifestants afin de les neutraliser par l'effet de choc produit par le projectile du fait de la transformation de son énergie cinétique lors du contact sur la cible.  A second type of projectile is known that is intended for law enforcement or the control of individuals: these so-called neutralization projectiles may be of various shapes, such as spherical or stick-shaped, and are generally made of rubber. or equivalent materials. These projectiles are intended to be fired in tight fire on protesters in order to neutralize them by the shock effect produced by the projectile due to the transformation of its kinetic energy during the contact on the target.
La charge propulsive d'une munition qui intègre initialement un tel projectile est adaptée en théorie pour que l'impact du projectile sur le manifestant ne crée que des meurtrissures sans danger pour la vie de celui-ci.  The propellant charge of a munition that initially incorporates such a projectile is theoretically adapted so that the impact of the projectile on the demonstrator creates only bruises without danger to the life of the latter.
De fait, la létalité ou la capacité invalidante de ces munitions supposées moins-létales connues a malheureusement été démontrée et s'est traduite par des décès ou par la perte d'un œil de personnes ou dans une moindre mesure par des séquelles importantes.  In fact, the lethality or incapacitating capacity of these supposedly less-lethal munitions has unfortunately been demonstrated and has resulted in death or the loss of a human eye or, to a lesser extent, significant sequelae.
En réalité, si l'énergie cinétique d'un projectile réellement dissipée dans une cible lors d'un choc est un paramètre indiscutable, les dimensions du projectile sont également un paramètre important afin qu'il ne puisse pénétrer sans dégât irréversible une partie d'un être humain, telle qu'un œil.  In fact, if the kinetic energy of a projectile actually dissipated in a target during a shock is an indisputable parameter, the dimensions of the projectile are also an important parameter so that it can not penetrate without irreversible damage part of a human being, such as an eye.
C'est pourquoi, il a déjà été proposé, des projectiles de forme et/ou à grande déformabilité avec un diamètre à l'impact supérieur à celui d'un globe oculaire, c'est-à- dire typiquement supérieur ou égal à 40 mm. Typiquement, ces projectiles sont réalisés par moulage d'une mousse thermoplastique et ont une forme essentiellement cylindrique dont la longueur est de l'ordre de 50 à 70mm et dont le diamètre est de l'ordre de 40 mm, avec une portion d'extrémité avant en forme de calotte hémisphérique.  Therefore, it has already been proposed, shaped projectiles and / or high deformability with a diameter at impact greater than that of an eyeball, that is to say typically greater than or equal to 40 mm. Typically, these projectiles are made by molding a thermoplastic foam and have a substantially cylindrical shape whose length is of the order of 50 to 70 mm and whose diameter is of the order of 40 mm, with an end portion front shaped hemispherical cap.
Autrement dit, ces projectiles présentent des dimensions initiales importantes, supérieures aux calibres usuels des armes létales, ce qui implique la réalisation d'une arme ou d'un lanceur également de dimensions importantes et qui ne peut tirer qu'un seul ou au mieux deux projectiles avant de devoir être rechargé. On peut citer ici le lanceur de balle de défense de diamètre égal à 44 mm commercialisé sous la dénomination « Flash-ball ».  In other words, these projectiles have significant initial dimensions, greater than the usual calibres of lethal weapons, which implies the realization of a weapon or a launcher also of significant dimensions and which can draw only one or at best two projectiles before needing to be recharged. One can quote here the launcher of defense ball diameter equal to 44 mm marketed under the name "Flash-ball".
Il existe donc un besoin pour améliorer les projectiles moins-létaux, en particuliers les munitions moins-létales, pour lanceurs de défense, notamment en vue de réduire leurs dimensions et de diminuer les risques de blessures irréversibles qu'ils sont susceptibles de causer. There is therefore a need to improve the less-lethal projectiles, in particular the less-lethal ammunition, for defense launchers, particularly with a view to reduce their size and reduce the risk of irreversible injuries that they are likely to cause.
Le but général de l'invention est de répondre en partie à ce besoin.  The general object of the invention is to meet part of this need.
Exposé de l'invention  Presentation of the invention
Pour ce faire, l'invention a pour objet, selon une première alternative, un projectile, en particulier munition, pour lanceur de défense, comprenant un corps de forme allongée selon un axe central longitudinal (X), dont la surface externe est en matériau(x) déformable(s) adapté(s) pour absorber l'énergie d'un impact sur une cible, le corps comportant une portion centrale et deux portions d'extrémité s'étendant chacune vers l'extérieur à partir de ladite portion centrale et reliées chacune à la portion centrale, chacune des portions d'extrémité ayant une ou plusieurs sections transversales supérieure(s) à celle de la portion centrale.  To do this, the object of the invention is, according to a first alternative, a projectile, in particular ammunition, for a defensive launcher, comprising a body of elongated shape along a longitudinal central axis (X), the external surface of which is made of a material (x) deformable (s) adapted to absorb the energy of an impact on a target, the body having a central portion and two end portions each extending outwardly from said central portion; and each connected to the central portion, each of the end portions having one or more cross-sections greater than that of the central portion.
Par « section transversale », on entend la section du corps considérée orthogonalement à l'axe longitudinal du projectile.  "Cross section" means the section of the body considered orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the projectile.
Le projectile est de préférence une pièce monobloc et les deux portions d'extrémité sont identiques.  The projectile is preferably a single piece and the two end portions are identical.
Le basculement du projectile selon l'invention peut être accéléré par une excroissance sur chaque portion d'extrémité et qui s'étend vers l'extérieur selon l'axe longitudinal.  The tilting of the projectile according to the invention may be accelerated by an outgrowth on each end portion and which extends outwards along the longitudinal axis.
L'excroissance peut être constituée par un méplat sur une section cylindrique ou par une lèvre faisant saillie vers l'extérieur.  The protrusion may be formed by a flat on a cylindrical section or by a lip projecting outwards.
L'invention a pour également pour objet, selon une première alternative, un projectile, en particulier munition, pour lanceur de défense, comprenant un corps de forme allongée selon un axe central longitudinal (X), dont la surface externe est en matériau(x) déformable(s) adapté(s) pour absorber l'énergie d'un impact sur une cible, le corps comportant une portion centrale et deux portions d'extrémité s'étendant chacune vers l'extérieur à partir de ladite portion centrale et reliées chacune à la portion centrale, chacune des portions d'extrémité ayant une section transversale égale à celle de la portion centrale, chaque portion d'extrémité présentant une excroissance qui s'étend vers l'extérieur selon l'axe longitudinal.  The subject of the invention is also, according to a first alternative, a projectile, in particular ammunition, for a defensive launcher, comprising a body of elongated shape along a longitudinal central axis (X), the external surface of which is made of material (x ) deformable (s) adapted to absorb the energy of an impact on a target, the body having a central portion and two end portions each extending outwardly from said central portion and connected each at the central portion, each of the end portions having a cross section equal to that of the central portion, each end portion having an outgrowth extending outward along the longitudinal axis.
Selon l'invention, on définit un projectile dont les portions d'extrémité élargies et/ou les excroissances créent un grand bras de levier pour la pression aérodynamique qui s'exerce dessus en sortie d'arme ou de lanceur et fait ainsi basculer le projectile, ou autrement dit lui fait faire une rotation autour de son centre d'inertie. On précise ici que ce basculement ou rotation ne doit pas être confondu avec la rotation à vitesse élevée autour de son axe longitudinal que l'on peut faire subir à un projectile selon l'état de l'art, notamment grâce à un tube en rayé en hélice. According to the invention, a projectile is defined in which the widened end portions and / or the protuberances create a large lever arm for the pressure aerodynamic exerted on the exit of weapon or launcher and thus rock the projectile, or in other words makes it rotate around its center of inertia. It should be noted here that this tilting or rotation must not be confused with the rotation at high speed about its longitudinal axis that can be subjected to a projectile according to the state of the art, in particular thanks to a striped tube in helix.
Par conséquent, lors de sa balistique extérieure, c'est-à-dire à la sortie du canon d'une arme ou d'un lanceur, le projectile selon l'invention bascule autour de son centre d'inertie puis se stabilise avec sa longueur orthogonale à sa trajectoire, c'est-à-dire parallèlement à la cible, et vient donc impacter celle-ci selon cette longueur, c'est-à-dire selon sa plus grande dimension.  Therefore, during its outer ballistics, that is to say at the exit of the barrel of a weapon or a launcher, the projectile according to the invention tilts around its center of inertia and then stabilizes with its length orthogonal to its trajectory, that is to say, parallel to the target, and therefore impact it according to this length, that is to say, according to its largest dimension.
Ainsi, grâce à l'invention, on obtient ainsi un projectile dont la surface d'impact est importante car définie par sa longueur, ce qui permet de réduire les risques de pénétration et de blessures sur une personne, comparativement à une balle ou bille selon l'état de l'art qui présentera toujours une surface d'impact primaire (contact avec la cible) égale à son diamètre, sans parler de la déformation limitée de sa structure (surface d'impact secondaire). Dans l'exemple d'une balle tirée par le lanceur selon l'état ed l'art dénommé « Flash-ball », celle-ci est réalisée en mousse, ce qui peut provoquer lors d'un impact sur une cible vivante un phénomène dit de cavitation, c'est-à-dire une forte pénétration et occupation de l'espace laissé par le recul du globe oculaire par la balle en mousse, et un phénomène de rebond avec des dommages collatéraux non souhaités.  Thus, thanks to the invention, a projectile is obtained whose impact surface is important because defined by its length, which reduces the risk of penetration and injury to a person, compared to a ball or ball according to the state of the art that will always present a primary impact surface (contact with the target) equal to its diameter, not to mention the limited deformation of its structure (secondary impact surface). In the example of a bullet fired by the launcher according to the state of art known as "Flash-ball", it is made of foam, which can cause an impact on a living target a phenomenon cavitation, that is to say, a strong penetration and occupation of the space left by the retreat of the eyeball by the foam ball, and a rebound phenomenon with unwanted collateral damage.
Et, du fait, que le projectile est initialement mis en place dans une arme ou lanceur de défense de sorte à ce que son calibre soit défini par sa section transversale la plus large, on peut dimensionner ledit calibre selon des calibres standards inférieurs à 44 mm. Autrement dit, on peut loger dans une arme ou lanceur de défense plus d'un projectile selon l'invention, en particulier on peut charger un chargeur avec un nombre conséquent de projectiles.  And, because the projectile is initially set up in a weapon or defensive launcher so that its caliber is defined by its widest cross-section, it is possible to size said caliber according to standard gauges of less than 44 mm. . In other words, it is possible to house in a weapon or defensive launcher more than one projectile according to the invention, in particular one can load a magazine with a large number of projectiles.
Les sections transversales des portions centrale et d'extrémité sont de préférence des sections circulaires. Le projectile est de préférence symétrique par rapport à un plan de symétrie orthogonal à l'axe longitudinal.  The cross sections of the central and end portions are preferably circular sections. The projectile is preferably symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry orthogonal to the longitudinal axis.
Bien que le(s) matériau(x) constitutifs) de la surface externe du corps est Although the constituent material (s) of the outer surface of the body is
(sont) choisi(s) et dimensionné pour absorber l'énergie de l'impact sur la cible le plus longtemps possible, on dimensionne la rigidité du corps du projectile selon l'invention afin d'éviter toute déformation en vol qui nuirait à la précision du tir. (are) chosen and sized to absorb the energy of impact on the target the most for a long time possible, the rigidity of the body of the projectile according to the invention is dimensioned in order to avoid any deformation in flight which would be detrimental to the accuracy of the shot.
Les caractéristiques mécaniques et des matériaux du projectile selon l'invention peuvent varier suivant les effets souhaités et les armes ou lanceurs utilisés.  The mechanical characteristics and materials of the projectile according to the invention may vary according to the desired effects and the weapons or launchers used.
Avantageusement, le projectile comprend un lest agencé dans la portion centrale du corps. Cela permet de stabiliser le projectile durant sa trajectoire avant l'impact.  Advantageously, the projectile comprises a ballast arranged in the central portion of the body. This makes it possible to stabilize the projectile during its trajectory before the impact.
Selon une variante avantageuse, le projectile comprend, sur au moins une de ses portions d'extrémité, un trou borgne s' étendant vers la portion centrale et adapté pour loger un pion de maintien d'un dispositif de calage formant bourre d'une munition.  According to an advantageous variant, the projectile comprises, on at least one of its end portions, a blind hole extending towards the central portion and adapted to accommodate a holding stud of a wedging device forming a wad of an ammunition .
Selon une autre variante avantageuse, le corps est constitué d'un noyau en matériau rigide et d'une enveloppe en matériau(x) déformable(s) adapté(s) pour absorber l'énergie d'un impact sur une cible, le plus longtemps possible, l'enveloppe surmoulant le noyau. La longueur du noyau et la densité du noyau et de l'enveloppe sont à définir en fonction de la force d'impact recherchée sur la cible et de la quantité d'énergie à absorber.  According to another advantageous variant, the body consists of a core made of rigid material and an envelope of deformable material (s) adapted to absorb the energy of an impact on a target, the most as long as possible, the envelope overmoulding the core. The length of the core and the density of the core and the envelope are to be defined according to the impact force sought on the target and the amount of energy to be absorbed.
Le noyau peut être en métal, exemple en plomb ou en une ou mélange de matières plastiques rigides, de préférence chargées et densifiées.  The core may be metal, for example lead or a mixture of rigid plastics, preferably charged and densified.
L'enveloppe peut être une mousse d'aluminium ou une matière plastique alvéolaire recouverte ou non d'une pellicule. Quel que soit le matériau choisi, l'enveloppe doit pouvoir s'écraser à l'impact sans reprendre sa forme initiale. La force d'impact souhaitée dépend de la résistance à la déformation de l'enveloppe aux chocs, ce que l'on dénomme usuellement « résistance programmée ».  The envelope may be an aluminum foam or a cellular plastic material covered or not with a film. Whatever the chosen material, the envelope must be able to crash on impact without resuming its original shape. The desired impact force depends on the resistance to deformation of the shocks envelope, which is usually called "programmed resistance".
Selon une autre variante avantageuse, le projectile comprend au moins un empennage de stabilisation adapté pour se déployer depuis une position passive dans laquelle il s'étend le long du corps et une position active dans laquelle il s'étend selon une direction transversale à l'axe longitudinal (X). L'empennage peut être réalisé en un matériau flexible qui vient se rabattre dans un logement défini par la forme extérieure du corps et qui ne gêne pas la mise en place du projectile dans le canon d'un lanceur, et donc la balistique intérieure.  According to another advantageous variant, the projectile comprises at least one stabilizing stabilizer adapted to deploy from a passive position in which it extends along the body and an active position in which it extends in a transverse direction to the longitudinal axis (X). The empennage can be made of a flexible material which is folded into a housing defined by the outer shape of the body and which does not interfere with the placement of the projectile in the barrel of a launcher, and therefore the ballistics inside.
L'invention a également pour objet selon un autre de ses aspects un manchon pour le projectile qui vient d'être décrit, destiné à former un calibre supérieur à la plus grande section du projectile, le manchon étant constitué de deux demi-coquilles adaptées pour s'assembler entre elles et dont les formes intérieures définissent un logement d'emboîtement du projectile. Another subject of the invention is, according to another of its aspects, a sleeve for the projectile which has just been described, designed to form a caliber greater than the largest section of the projectile, the sleeve consisting of two adapted half-shells to assemble them and whose inner forms define a nesting housing projectile.
Le projectile selon l'invention peut être utilisé dans une arme à feu et ainsi être logé dans une munition comprenant un étui/cartouche/douille avec une bourre, une charge explosive et une amorce.  The projectile according to the invention can be used in a firearm and thus be housed in an ammunition comprising a case / cartridge / sleeve with a wad, an explosive charge and a primer.
L'invention a ainsi également pour objet, selon encore un autre de ses aspects, une munition comprenant un projectile qui vient d'être décrit, une douille à l'intérieur de laquelle le projectile est logé.  The invention thus also relates, according to yet another of its aspects, an ammunition comprising a projectile which has just been described, a socket inside which the projectile is housed.
Selon une variante avantageuse, la munition comprend un dispositif de calage formant bourre, constitué d'un disque et d'un pion de maintien faisant saillie du disque, le pion de maintien étant logé dans un trou borgne réalisé sur une portion d'extrémité du projectile.  According to an advantageous variant, the munition comprises a wedging device forming a wad, consisting of a disk and a holding pin projecting from the disk, the holding pin being housed in a blind hole made on an end portion of the projectile.
Ainsi, une munition selon l'invention peut comprendre un manchon décrit précédemment dans lequel un projectile selon l'invention est logé, le manchon étant lui- même logé dans la douille.  Thus, a munition according to the invention may comprise a sleeve described above in which a projectile according to the invention is housed, the sleeve being itself housed in the sleeve.
Le projectile selon l'invention peut également être utilisé dans tout autre lanceur avec un autre moyen de propulsion qu'une charge explosive. En particulier, le projectile selon l'invention peut être propulsé directement par un lanceur à compression mécanique par ressort ou par un lanceur à air-comprimé de type « paint-ball ».  The projectile according to the invention may also be used in any other launcher with a means of propulsion other than an explosive charge. In particular, the projectile according to the invention can be propelled directly by a spring-loaded mechanical compression launcher or by a "paint-ball" air-compressed launcher.
L'invention a également pour objet, selon un autre de ses aspects, un manchon d'adaptation pour plusieurs projectiles comme celui qui vient d'être décrit, sous la forme d'une gerbe, destiné à former un calibre supérieur. Un tel manchon d'adaptation permet de former une gerbe de projectiles selon l'invention en sortie de canon d'armes/lanceur. Un tel manchon d'adaptation est avantageusement constitué d'une mousse creusée d'un nombre d'alvéoles égal à celui des projectiles selon l'invention, la forme intérieure d'une alvéole définissant un logement d'emboîtement d'un projectile donné. A titre d'exemple avantageux, on peut un manchon avec un nombre de sept alvéoles réparties de manière uniforme sur un diamètre cylindrique de mousse. Un tel manchon peut également être logé dans une douille.  The invention also relates, in another of its aspects, an adapter sleeve for several projectiles such as that just described, in the form of a shower, for forming a higher caliber. Such an adapter sleeve makes it possible to form a jet of projectiles according to the invention at the output of the weapon barrel / launcher. Such an adapter sleeve is advantageously made of a foam hollowed out with a number of cells equal to that of the projectiles according to the invention, the inner shape of a cell defining an interlocking housing of a given projectile. As an advantageous example, a sleeve with a number of seven cells distributed uniformly over a cylindrical diameter of foam can be used. Such a sleeve can also be housed in a socket.
Le projectile selon l'invention peut être utilisé dans une arme à feu de calibre The projectile according to the invention can be used in a caliber firearm
37mm et supérieur et ainsi être logé dans une munition comprenant un manchon avec des alvéoles logé dans une douille avec une bourre, une charge explosive et une amorce. L'invention a ainsi également pour objet, selon encore un autre de ses aspects, une munition comprenant un projectile qui vient d'être décrit, une douille à l'intérieur de laquelle le projectile est logé. 37mm and above and thus be housed in a munition comprising a sleeve with cells housed in a socket with a wad, an explosive charge and a primer. The invention thus also relates, according to yet another of its aspects, an ammunition comprising a projectile which has just been described, a socket inside which the projectile is housed.
Ainsi, une munition selon l'invention peut comprendre un manchon avec des alvéoles décrites précédemment dans lequel les projectiles selon l'invention sont logés, les alvéoles étant elles-mêmes logées dans la douille.  Thus, a munition according to the invention may comprise a sleeve with cells described above in which the projectiles according to the invention are housed, the cells themselves being housed in the socket.
Le projectile selon l'invention peut également être utilisé dans tout autre lanceur avec un autre moyen de propulsion qu'une charge explosive. En particulier, le projectile selon l'invention peut être propulsé directement par un lanceur à compression mécanique par ressort ou par un lanceur à air-comprimé de type « paint-ball ».  The projectile according to the invention may also be used in any other launcher with a means of propulsion other than an explosive charge. In particular, the projectile according to the invention can be propelled directly by a spring-loaded mechanical compression launcher or by a "paint-ball" air-compressed launcher.
Le projectile et la munition selon l'invention sont avantageusement utilisés dans une application préférée comme arme moins-létale. Le projectile selon l'invention, tiré à distance peut être ainsi utilisé en local fermé et/ou extérieur pour une neutralisation d'une ou plusieurs personnes. Le projectile peut contenir par exemple, un produit de neutralisation chimique en poudre de type OC (oléorésine capsicum) ou ses dérivés, Capsaicine, CN(2-chloroacétophénone) ou CS(0- chlorobenzylidènemalononitrile) ou CR (dibenzoxazépine). Le projectile, tiré à distance permet donc une neutralisation de la (des) personne(s) sans risques de feu liés aux artifices fumigènes classiques dans un local fermé. L'enveloppe de la munition peut être constituée d'une poudre irritante compactée se désagrégeant lors de l'impact.  The projectile and the ammunition according to the invention are advantageously used in a preferred application as a less-lethal weapon. The projectile according to the invention, remotely fired can thus be used in closed and / or external premises for the neutralization of one or more persons. The projectile may contain, for example, a chemical powder OC type (oleoresin capsicum) or its derivatives, Capsaicin, CN (2-chloroacetophenone) or CS (O-chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile) or CR (dibenzoxazepine). The projectile, fired remotely allows a neutralization of the person (s) without risk of fire related to conventional smoke devices in a closed room. The shell of the ammunition may consist of a compacted irritating powder disintegrating upon impact.
Dans une autre application que le contrôle des personnes, le projectile selon l'invention peut être projeté afin de percer une fenêtre ou une porte par exemple.  In another application that the control of people, the projectile according to the invention can be projected in order to pierce a window or a door for example.
Autrement dit, le projectile selon l'invention peut être utilisée sur une cible vivante ou encore une cible non vivante, fixe ou mobile.  In other words, the projectile according to the invention can be used on a living target or a non-living target, fixed or mobile.
Description détaillée  detailed description
D'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention ressortiront mieux à la lecture de la description détaillée de l'invention faite à titre illustratif et non limitatif en référence aux figures suivantes parmi lesquelles:  Other advantages and features of the invention will emerge more clearly from a reading of the detailed description of the invention, given by way of illustration and without limitation with reference to the following figures among which:
■ la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un premier exemple de projectile selon l'invention; ■ Figure 1 is a perspective view of a first example of a projectile according to the invention;
- la figure 2 est une vue de côté d'un projectile selon la figure 1 ; FIG. 2 is a side view of a projectile according to FIG. 1;
- la figure 2A est une vue de coupe longitudinale de la figure 2 ; - la figure 3 est une vue schématique représentant la trajectoire avec basculement subie par un projectile selon l'invention avant son impact sur une personne à contrôler ; Figure 2A is a longitudinal sectional view of Figure 2; - Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the tilt trajectory undergone by a projectile according to the invention before its impact on a person to control;
- la figure 4 est une vue en perspective éclatée d'une partie d'une munition intégrant un deuxième exemple de projectile selon l'invention ;  FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a portion of a munition incorporating a second example of a projectile according to the invention;
- la figure 5 est une vue en perspective d'un troisième exemple de projectile selon l'invention;  FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a third example of a projectile according to the invention;
- la figure 6 est une vue en perspective du deuxième exemple de projectile selon l'invention;  FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the second example of a projectile according to the invention;
- la figure 7 est une vue en perspective du deuxième exemple de projectile selon l'invention emboîté dans une demi-coquille d'un manchon pour adapter le projectile à un calibre supérieur d'une arme/lanceur;  FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the second example of projectile according to the invention fitted into a half-shell of a sleeve to adapt the projectile to a higher caliber of a weapon / launcher;
- la figure 8 est une vue en perspective éclatée du deuxième exemple de projectile selon l'invention et du manchon d'adaptation à un calibre supérieur d'une arme/lanceur;  FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of the second example of projectile according to the invention and of the adapter sleeve with a higher caliber of a weapon / launcher;
■ la figure 9 est une vue en perspective éclatée du manchon d'adaptation à un calibre supérieur d'une arme/lanceur et d'une douille de munition dans laquelle le manchon peut être logé; ■ Figure 9 is an exploded perspective view of the adapter sleeve to a higher-caliber weapon / launcher and an ammunition round in which the sleeve can be accommodated;
- les figures 10 à 20 sont des vues schématiques en coupe et de côté de différentes variantes d'un projectile selon l'invention constitué d'un noyau et d'une enveloppe surmoulant le noyau et définissant la surface externe du projectile ;  - Figures 10 to 20 are schematic sectional and side views of different variants of a projectile according to the invention consisting of a core and a casing overmolding the core and defining the outer surface of the projectile;
- les figures 21 à 23 sont des vues schématiques de variantes de réalisation d'un projectile selon l'invention intégrant un ou plusieurs empennages de stabilisation en vol.  - Figures 21 to 23 are schematic views of alternative embodiments of a projectile according to the invention incorporating one or more stabilization stabilizers in flight.
- la figure 24 une vue en perspective d'un manchon d'adaptation pour adapter une pluralité de projectiles, sous la forme d'une gerbe, à un calibre supérieur d'une arme/lanceur et d'une douille de munition dans laquelle le manchon est logé.  FIG. 24 is a perspective view of an adapter sleeve for adapting a plurality of projectiles, in the form of a sheaf, to an upper caliber of a weapon / launcher and a munition sleeve in which the sleeve is housed.
Le projectile 1 selon l'invention comprend un corps 10 de forme allongée selon un axe longitudinal X.  The projectile 1 according to the invention comprises a body 10 of elongate shape along a longitudinal axis X.
Selon une alternative de l'invention, le corps 10 comporte une portion centrale 11 de section circulaire à laquelle sont reliées deux portions d'extrémité 12, 13 identiques, de section générale circulaire supérieure à celle de la portion centrale et qui s'étendent vers l'extérieur. According to an alternative of the invention, the body 10 comprises a central portion 11 of circular section to which two identical end portions 12, 13 are connected, of circular general section greater than that of the central portion and which extend outwardly.
Chacune des portions d'extrémités 12, 13 présente une excroissance 12a, 13a sous la forme d'un méplat réalisé sur une portion cylindrique.  Each of the end portions 12, 13 has an outgrowth 12a, 13a in the form of a flat portion formed on a cylindrical portion.
Selon l'exemple illustré aux figures 1 à 3, la forme du projectile est symétrique inversée par rapport à un plan de symétrie passant par le centre d'inertie C.  According to the example illustrated in Figures 1 to 3, the projectile shape is symmetrical inverted with respect to a plane of symmetry passing through the center of inertia C.
Avec une telle forme, le projectile 1 selon l'invention subit un basculement autour du centre d'inertie C de sorte qu'il suit, en sortie de l'arme ou du lanceur, une trajectoire orthogonale à son axe longitudinal X. Ainsi, le projectile 1 selon l'invention va venir impacter une personne que l'on cherche à contrôler sur sa longueur, c'est-à-dire sur sa plus grande dimension.  With such a shape, the projectile 1 according to the invention undergoes a tilting around the center of inertia C so that it follows, at the exit of the weapon or the launcher, a trajectory orthogonal to its longitudinal axis X. Thus, the projectile 1 according to the invention will come to impact a person that one seeks to control over its length, that is to say on its largest dimension.
On réduit ainsi les risques de blessures non souhaitées sur la personne. En outre, du fait que le calibre du projectile 1 selon l'invention est défini, comme pour les projectiles selon l'état de l'art, par la largeur des portions d'extrémités 12, 13, il est possible d'en loger un nombre important au sein d'un même chargeur sans pour autant augmenter les dimensions de arme/lanceur.  This reduces the risk of unwanted injury to the person. In addition, because the caliber of the projectile 1 according to the invention is defined, as for the projectiles according to the state of the art, by the width of the end portions 12, 13, it is possible to accommodate a large number within the same charger without increasing the size of weapon / launcher.
La longueur L d'un projectile selon l'invention peut être comprise entre 40 et 100 mm et le diamètre 0 défini par la section élargie des portions d'extrémité 12, 13 peut être comprise entre 10 et 50mm.  The length L of a projectile according to the invention may be between 40 and 100 mm and the diameter 0 defined by the widened section of the end portions 12, 13 may be between 10 and 50 mm.
Le projectile 1 selon l'invention intègre un lest 14 au sein de sa portion centrale qui ne modifie pas le centre d'inertie C qui reste dans le plan de symétrie.  The projectile 1 according to the invention incorporates a ballast 14 within its central portion which does not modify the center of inertia C which remains in the plane of symmetry.
Le projectile 1 selon l'invention peut être intégré à une munition afin de pouvoir l'utiliser avec une arme à feu. On a représenté en figure 4 une partie d'une munition selon l'invention. Le projectile 1 est logé dans la douille 2 et calé contre une charge explosive non représentée au fond de la douille au moyen d'un dispositif de calage 3 usuellement appelé bourre. Plus précisément, comme illustré, la bourre 3 comporte un pion de maintien 30 qui vient s'emboîter dans un trou borgne central 15a réalisé sur une portion d'extrémité 12 du projectile 1. Comme usuellement, une fois tiré, à la sortie du canon d'une arme à feu, le projectile 1 se désolidarise de la douille 2 et de la bourre 3.  The projectile 1 according to the invention can be integrated into a munition so that it can be used with a firearm. FIG. 4 shows part of a munition according to the invention. The projectile 1 is housed in the sleeve 2 and wedged against an explosive charge not shown at the bottom of the socket by means of a wedging device 3 usually called wad. More specifically, as illustrated, the wad 3 comprises a holding pin 30 which fits into a central blind hole 15a formed on an end portion 12 of the projectile 1. As usual, once fired, at the barrel outlet of a firearm, the projectile 1 disengages from the socket 2 and the wad 3.
Si dans l'exemple illustré aux figures 1 à 3, l'excroissance 12a, 13a est réalisée sur chaque portion d'extrémité sous la forme d'un méplat, on peut aussi prévoir une excroissance sous la forme d'une lèvre faisant saillie vers l'extérieur du corps 10 (figures 5 et 6). If in the example illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3, the protrusion 12a, 13a is produced on each end portion in the form of a flat part, it is also possible to provide a protrusion in the form of a lip protruding outwardly from the body 10 (Figures 5 and 6).
Le projectile 1 selon l'invention peut avoir une forme générale de diabolo avec une portion centrale 11 réduite et des portions d'extrémité 12, 13 en forme de tronc de cône (figure 5).  The projectile 1 according to the invention may have a general diabolo shape with a reduced central portion 11 and end portions 12, 13 in the form of a truncated cone (FIG. 5).
Pour adapter un projectile 1 selon l'invention à un calibre supérieur d'arme ou de lanceur sans sur-dimensionner le projectile, on peut utiliser avantageusement un manchon 4 d'adaptation de calibre. Un tel manchon 4 est constitué de deux demi-coquilles 40, 41 qui peuvent être assemblées entre elles par encliquetage au moyen de languettes 42, 43 (figures 7 et 8).  To adapt a projectile 1 according to the invention to a larger caliber of weapon or launcher without over-dimensioning the projectile, it is advantageous to use a sleeve 4 of gauge adaptation. Such a sleeve 4 consists of two half-shells 40, 41 which can be assembled together by snapping by means of tabs 42, 43 (Figures 7 and 8).
Le manchon 4 peut lui-même être logé dans une douille 2 de munition (figure 9). Comme usuellement, une fois tiré, à la sortie du canon d'une arme à feu, le projectile 1 se désolidarise de la douille 2, de la bourre 3 et du manchon 4 dont les deux demi-coquilles 40, 41 se séparent et libèrent le projectile 1.  The sleeve 4 can itself be housed in a bushing 2 of ammunition (FIG. 9). As usual, once fired, at the exit of the barrel of a firearm, the projectile 1 disengages the sleeve 2, the wad 3 and the sleeve 4 whose two half-shells 40, 41 separate and release the projectile 1.
Le projectile 1 selon l'invention peut être constitué d'un noyau rigide 16, typiquement en métal ou plastique, revêtu d'une enveloppe surmoulée 17 en matériau adapté pour absorber l'énergie à l'impact sur une cible. Le noyau peut être en métal, exemple plomb ou en matières plastiques rigides chargées et densifiées et l'enveloppe peut être une mousse d'aluminium ou en plastique alvéolaire recouverte ou non d'une pellicule. L'enveloppe doit s'écraser à l'impact sans reprendre sa forme initiale. La force d'impact souhaitée dépend de la résistance de l'enveloppe aux chocs, on parle de résistance programmée.  The projectile 1 according to the invention may consist of a rigid core 16, typically metal or plastic, coated with a molded envelope 17 of material adapted to absorb the energy at impact on a target. The core may be metal, lead example or rigid plastics loaded and densified and the envelope may be an aluminum foam or cellular plastic covered or not with a film. The envelope must crash on impact without returning to its original form. The desired impact force depends on the shock resistance of the envelope, it is called programmed resistance.
Différentes formes de noyau 16 peuvent être prévues, telles qu'une forme à section circulaire (figure 10), en losange (figure 11), en carré (figure 12), en rectangle (figure 13), à section circulaire avec ailes 16a, 16b (figure 14), en forme hémicylindrique (figure 15).  Various core shapes 16 may be provided, such as a circular section (Figure 10), rhombus (Figure 11), square (Figure 12), rectangle (Figure 13), circular section with wings 16a, 16b (Figure 14), in a hemicylindrical form (Figure 15).
La surface externe du corps 10 du projectile 1 peut avoir différentes formes, telles qu'une forme symétrique par rapport à un plan de symétrie (figure 16) ou symétrique inversée (figure 17).  The outer surface of the body 10 of the projectile 1 can have different shapes, such as a symmetrical shape with respect to a plane of symmetry (Figure 16) or inverted symmetry (Figure 17).
Selon une autre alternative de l'invention, le corps 10 comporte une portion centrale 11 de section circulaire à laquelle sont reliées deux portions d'extrémité 12, 13 identiques, de section générale circulaire égale à celle de la portion centrale et qui s'étendent vers l'extérieur, chacune des portions d'extrémités 12, 13 présentant alors une excroissance 12a, 13a s'étendant vers l'extérieur selon l'axe longitudinal (figures 18, 19). According to another alternative of the invention, the body 10 comprises a central portion 11 of circular section to which are connected two end portions 12, 13 identical, of circular general section equal to that of the central portion and which extend outward, each of the end portions 12, 13 then having an outgrowth 12a, 13a extending outward along the longitudinal axis (Figures 18, 19).
La forme générale du projectile 1 peut être un diabolo (figure 20) avec la portion centrale 11 de section circulaire et deux portions d'extrémité 12, 13 en forme de tronc de cône s' élargissant vers l'extérieur. Une forme de diabolo est avantageuse car elle de gagner du poids en enlevant de la matière par rapport au cylindre, afin d'augmenter Γ aérodynamisme du projectile et former un arc de cercle lors du contact par impact. Cela permet notamment d'éviter de percuter un œil d'une personne qui est bombé.  The general shape of the projectile 1 may be a diabolo (FIG. 20) with the central portion 11 of circular section and two end portions 12, 13 in the form of a truncated cone widening outwards. One form of diabolo is advantageous because it saves weight by removing material from the cylinder, to increase aerodynamic projectile and form a circular arc during impact contact. This makes it possible to avoid striking an eye of a person who is bulging.
Le projectile 1 selon l'invention peut comprendre un empennage de stabilisation 18 (figures 21 et 22) ou deux empennages 18, 19 de stabilisation (figure 23) adaptés chacun pour se déployer depuis une position passive dans laquelle il s'étend le long du corps et une position active dans laquelle il s'étend selon une direction transversale à l'axe longitudinal (X). Ainsi, dans la variante représentée à deux empennages 18, 19, ceux-ci sont rabattus dans leur position passive le long du corps 10 du projectile 1 avant leur lancement de Γ arme/lanceur (figure 21), puis ils se déploient automatiquement dans leur position active à la sortie de l'arme/lanceur pour stabiliser le projectile 1 selon sa trajectoire symbolisée par des flèches, qui est orthogonale à son axe longitudinal.  The projectile 1 according to the invention may comprise a stabilizing tail 18 (FIGS. 21 and 22) or two stabilizing tailings 18, 19 (FIG. 23) each adapted to deploy from a passive position in which it extends along the body and an active position in which it extends in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis (X). Thus, in the variant shown in two empennages 18, 19, they are folded in their passive position along the body 10 of the projectile 1 before launching their weapon / launcher (Figure 21), then they unfold automatically in their active position at the exit of the weapon / launcher to stabilize the projectile 1 according to its trajectory symbolized by arrows, which is orthogonal to its longitudinal axis.
On a représenté en figure 24, une vue d'un manchon d'adaptation 5 pour tirer une pluralité de projectiles 1 sous la forme d'une gerbe par une arme/lanceur, le manchon 5 dans lequel sont logés par emboîtement les projectiles 1 étant logé dans une douille 2 de munition. Le manchon 5 représenté est constitué par une mousse en polyuréthane creusée avec des alvéoles 50 dans chacune desquelles est logé par emboîtement un projectile 1. Plus exactement, dans l'exemple illustré en figure 24, la mousse 5 comprend un nombre de sept alvéoles 50 identiques réparties uniformément sur le diamètre cylindrique et logeant sept projectiles 1 identiques comme celui représenté en figure 6.  FIG. 24 shows a view of an adapter sleeve 5 for firing a plurality of projectiles 1 in the form of a sheaf by a weapon / launcher, the sleeve 5 in which the projectiles 1 are interlocked. housed in a socket 2 of ammunition. The sleeve 5 shown is constituted by a polyurethane foam hollowed with cavities 50 in each of which is housed by interlocking a projectile 1. More exactly, in the example illustrated in FIG. 24, the foam 5 comprises a number of seven identical cells 50. distributed evenly over the cylindrical diameter and housing seven projectiles 1 identical to that shown in FIG.
D'autres variantes et améliorations peuvent être envisagées sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention.  Other variants and improvements may be envisaged without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Projectile (1), en particulier munition, pour lanceur de défense, comprenant un corps (10) de forme allongée selon un axe central longitudinal (X), dont la surface externe est en matériau(x) déformable(s) adapté(s) pour absorber l'énergie d'un impact sur une cible, le corps comportant une portion centrale (11) et deux portions d'extrémité (12, 13) s'étendant chacune vers l'extérieur à partir de ladite portion centrale et reliées chacune à la portion centrale, chacune des portions d'extrémité ayant une ou plusieurs sections transversales supérieure(s) à celle de la portion centrale.  1. Projectile (1), in particular ammunition, for a defensive launcher, comprising a body (10) of elongate shape along a longitudinal central axis (X), whose external surface is of deformable material (s) adapted ( s) for absorbing the energy of an impact on a target, the body having a central portion (11) and two end portions (12, 13) each extending outwardly from said central portion and each connected to the central portion, each of the end portions having one or more cross sections greater than that of the central portion.
2. Projectile (1) selon la revendication 1, chaque portion d'extrémité présentant une excroissance (12a, 13a) s'étendant vers l'extérieur selon l'axe longitudinal.  2. Projectile (1) according to claim 1, each end portion having an outgrowth (12a, 13a) extending outward along the longitudinal axis.
3. Projectile (1), en particulier munition, pour lanceur de défense, comprenant un corps (10) de forme allongée selon un axe central longitudinal (X), dont la surface externe est en matériau(x) déformable(s) adapté(s) pour absorber l'énergie d'un impact sur une cible, le corps comportant une portion centrale (11) et deux portions d'extrémité (12, 13) s'étendant chacune vers l'extérieur à partir de ladite portion centrale et reliées chacune à la portion centrale, chacune des portions d'extrémité ayant une section transversale égale à celle de la portion centrale, chaque portion d'extrémité présentant une excroissance (12a, 13a) s'étendant vers l'extérieur selon l'axe longitudinal.  3. Projectile (1), in particular ammunition, for a defensive launcher, comprising a body (10) of elongated shape along a longitudinal central axis (X), whose external surface is of deformable material (s) adapted ( s) for absorbing the energy of an impact on a target, the body having a central portion (11) and two end portions (12, 13) each extending outwardly from said central portion and each connected to the central portion, each of the end portions having a cross-section equal to that of the central portion, each end portion having an outgrowth (12a, 13a) extending outward along the longitudinal axis .
4. Projectile (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, les sections transversales des portions centrales et d'extrémités étant des sections circulaires.  4. Projectile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, the cross sections of the central portions and ends being circular sections.
5. Projectile (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant un lest (14) agencé dans la portion centrale du corps.  5. Projectile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a ballast (14) arranged in the central portion of the body.
6. Projectile (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant, sur au moins une de ses portions d'extrémité, un trou borgne (15a) s'étendant vers la portion centrale et adapté pour loger un pion de maintien (30) d'un dispositif de calage (3) formant bourre d'une munition.  6. Projectile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising, on at least one of its end portions, a blind hole (15a) extending towards the central portion and adapted to accommodate a holding pin (30). ) a wedging device (3) forming a wad of a munition.
7. Projectile (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, le corps est constitué d'un noyau (16) en matériau rigide et d'une enveloppe (17) en matériau(x) déformable(s) adapté(s) pour absorber l'énergie d'un impact sur une cible, l'enveloppe surmoulant le noyau (16).  7. Projectile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, the body consists of a core (16) of rigid material and a casing (17) of deformable material (s) adapted (s) for absorbing the energy of an impact on a target, the envelope overmolding the core (16).
8. Projectile (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant au moins un empennage (18, 19) de stabilisation adapté pour se déployer depuis une position passive dans laquelle il s'étend le long du corps et une position active dans laquelle il s'étend selon une direction transversale à l'axe longitudinal (X). 8. Projectile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one tail stabilizing (18, 19) adapted to deploy from a position passive in which it extends along the body and an active position in which it extends in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis (X).
9. Manchon (4) pour un projectile (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, destiné à former un calibre supérieur à la plus grande section (12, 13) du projectile, constitué de deux demi-coquilles (40, 41) adaptées pour s'assembler entre elles et dont les formes intérieures définissent un logement d'emboîtement du projectile.  9. Sleeve (4) for a projectile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, intended to form a caliber greater than the largest section (12, 13) of the projectile, consisting of two half-shells (40, 41). adapted to assemble each other and whose inner shapes define a nesting housing projectile.
10. Manchon (5) pour une pluralité de projectiles (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, destiné à former un calibre supérieur, constitué d'une mousse creusée avec des alvéoles (50), chacune des alvéoles présentant des formes intérieures définissant un logement d'emboîtement d'un projectile.  10. Sleeve (5) for a plurality of projectiles (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, for forming a higher caliber, consisting of a hollowed foam with cavities (50), each of the cells having shapes interior defining a nesting housing of a projectile.
11. Munition comprenant un projectile (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, et une douille (2) à l'intérieur de laquelle le projectile est logé.  11. Ammunition comprising a projectile (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and a sleeve (2) within which the projectile is housed.
12. Munition selon la revendication 11, comprenant un dispositif de calage (3) formant bourre, constitué d'un disque et d'un pion de maintien (30) faisant saillie du disque, le pion de maintien (30) étant logé dans un trou borgne (15a) réalisé sur une portion d'extrémité du projectile.  12. Ammunition according to claim 11, comprising a wedging device (3) forming a wad, consisting of a disk and a holding pin (30) projecting from the disk, the holding pin (30) being housed in a blind hole (15a) formed on an end portion of the projectile.
PCT/IB2014/062206 2013-07-18 2014-06-13 Projectile, in particular ammunition, for a defense launcher WO2015008175A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

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EP14739553.7A EP3022519B1 (en) 2013-07-18 2014-06-13 Projectile, in particular ammunition, for a defense launcher
ES14739553.7T ES2660090T3 (en) 2013-07-18 2014-06-13 Projectile, in particular ammunition, for defense launcher
PL14739553T PL3022519T3 (en) 2013-07-18 2014-06-13 Projectile, in particular ammunition, for a defense launcher

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FR1301715A FR3008786A1 (en) 2013-07-18 2013-07-18 PROJECTILE A ROTATION AFTER PROJECTION
FR1301715 2013-07-18
FR1452183 2014-03-17
FR1452183A FR3008787B1 (en) 2013-07-18 2014-03-17 PROJECTILE, PARTICULARLY AMMUNITION, FOR DEFENSE LAUNCHER

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2103539A1 (en) * 1970-08-27 1972-04-14 Kawaguchiya Hayashi Juho
US3952662A (en) * 1974-05-29 1976-04-27 Greenlees William D Non-lethal projectile for riot control
WO1991013313A1 (en) * 1990-02-27 1991-09-05 Olin Corporation Sabot bullet
US5652407A (en) * 1996-02-13 1997-07-29 Academy Of Applied Science Non-lethal ammunition and method
US20050155511A1 (en) * 2003-12-29 2005-07-21 Neil Keegstra Extended range less lethal projectile
US20060201374A1 (en) * 2005-01-26 2006-09-14 De Aguiar Carlos F Q Non-lethal ammunition projectile
WO2006111719A1 (en) * 2005-04-16 2006-10-26 The Secretary Of State For Defence Non lethal projectile

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2103539A1 (en) * 1970-08-27 1972-04-14 Kawaguchiya Hayashi Juho
US3952662A (en) * 1974-05-29 1976-04-27 Greenlees William D Non-lethal projectile for riot control
WO1991013313A1 (en) * 1990-02-27 1991-09-05 Olin Corporation Sabot bullet
US5652407A (en) * 1996-02-13 1997-07-29 Academy Of Applied Science Non-lethal ammunition and method
US20050155511A1 (en) * 2003-12-29 2005-07-21 Neil Keegstra Extended range less lethal projectile
US20060201374A1 (en) * 2005-01-26 2006-09-14 De Aguiar Carlos F Q Non-lethal ammunition projectile
WO2006111719A1 (en) * 2005-04-16 2006-10-26 The Secretary Of State For Defence Non lethal projectile

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ES2660090T3 (en) 2018-03-20
PL3022519T3 (en) 2018-05-30
FR3008787A1 (en) 2015-01-23
EP3022519A1 (en) 2016-05-25
FR3008786A1 (en) 2015-01-23
EP3022519B1 (en) 2017-12-06
FR3008787B1 (en) 2018-04-20

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