WO2014185298A1 - Locking nut - Google Patents
Locking nut Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014185298A1 WO2014185298A1 PCT/JP2014/062178 JP2014062178W WO2014185298A1 WO 2014185298 A1 WO2014185298 A1 WO 2014185298A1 JP 2014062178 W JP2014062178 W JP 2014062178W WO 2014185298 A1 WO2014185298 A1 WO 2014185298A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- nut
- slit
- tightening
- locking
- bolt
- Prior art date
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- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 101700004678 SLIT3 Proteins 0.000 description 14
- 102100027339 Slit homolog 3 protein Human genes 0.000 description 14
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
- F16B39/28—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by special members on, or shape of, the nut or bolt
- F16B39/284—Locking by means of elastic deformation
- F16B39/286—Locking by means of elastic deformation caused by saw cuts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B31/00—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts
- F16B31/02—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts for indicating the attainment of a particular tensile load or limiting tensile load
- F16B31/021—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts for indicating the attainment of a particular tensile load or limiting tensile load by means of a frangible part
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a locking nut.
- anti-loosening products used for bolts and nuts used in an environment exposed to outdoor wind and rain are manufactured based on data tested in a test room in an environment different from the field, and are used in the field. May cause problems with sex.
- problems such as ease of construction and skill level of on-site fastening work there is also a problem that the locking performance assumed at the design stage cannot be exhibited.
- the screw fastening body is integrated by an axial force which is a tensile stress generated in the bolt by tightening and a compressive stress generated in the fastened body.
- the axial force may decrease due to machine operation or changes in environmental conditions, and this is generally referred to as loosening of screws.
- the looseness of the screw is roughly classified into two types depending on the cause. One is “loosening not due to nut return rotation”, and the other is “slack due to nut return rotation”.
- “Loosening due to nut return rotation” is further divided into several types, “Loosening due to repeated external force around the axis”, “Loosening due to repeated external force in the direction perpendicular to the axis”, “Loosening due to repeated external force in the axial direction” ”.
- Torque management seems to have been established by testing etc. in the automobile industry, manufacturers, etc., but applying this torque management to outdoor tightening construction is difficult for the environment, natural conditions, individual differences, bolts ⁇ It can be said that the management ignores the nut characteristics. Although it is tightened using a torque wrench, it is hard to say that it is managed.
- the management method using this torque wrench is relatively simple as a tightening management method, but its evaluation is only compared with experimental values in the laboratory, so when applying to tightening on site Therefore, it is necessary to consider the difference between the tightening work conditions and the laboratory, otherwise it is not necessarily satisfactory. At present, it cannot be said that it is a management method that can be easily performed by any worker under any construction conditions.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 as a principle of locking prevention, by providing a slit in the nut, the screw portion of the nut is bent, and the screw portion of the nut comes into stronger contact with the screw portion of the bolt. In this way, the method of increasing the axial force of the bolt is adopted. For this reason, when an excessive shocking external force is applied to the fastening portion, there is a problem that the screw contact surfaces of the bolts and nuts yield and loosen.
- the present invention can be easily manufactured by providing a slit in an existing nut, and can be easily managed in a tightening operation, and moreover, the above-mentioned loosening due to the return rotation of the nut is ensured. It is an object of the present invention to provide a locking nut that exhibits an effect of preventing "
- the loosening prevention nut of the present invention basically pays attention to the above-mentioned advantages of the double nut structure, and can be said to be a system in which a double nut structure is realized with a single nut by providing a slit in the nut. That is, the uncertainty of the double nut structure is eliminated by connecting the upper nut and the lower nut in the conventional double nut structure. Therefore, the width of the slit provided between the nut upper part and the nut lower part is made as small as possible.
- the method of the present invention does not increase the contact force of the bolt with the screw thread, but is a method in which the nut itself changes by tightening, and is particularly meaningful for an anchor bolt or the like.
- a loosening prevention effect can be obtained without applying an excessive axial force to the threaded portion of the bolt.
- the nut according to the present invention is assumed to have stress dispersion, and the portion that exhibits the locking effect is in the middle portion (slit portion) of the nut, so that the extra length can be reduced.
- ⁇ Tightening work can be performed while looking at the marks provided above and below the slit, so that no skill is required for the work, and torque management using a torque wrench is not required. Thereby, the generation
- work can be prevented.
- the structure is simple, and it can be manufactured simply by providing a slit in a conventional commercially available nut.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a locking nut showing a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a locking nut showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
- the locking nut according to the first embodiment includes a nut lower portion 1 a on the side that comes into contact with the body to be fastened 4 when the fastened bodies 4 and 4 ′ are fastened with the bolt 2 and the nut 1,
- a nut upper portion 1b opposite to the side in contact with the fastening body 4 is provided, and one slit 3 is cut over the entire circumference of the nut 1 at the boundary between the nut lower portion 1a and the nut upper portion 1b.
- a flange 1c is provided below the slit 3 continuously to the outer peripheral surface of the nut 1 ', and the outer periphery of the flange 1c is hexagonal.
- the slit 3 does not reach the threaded portion cut at the inner periphery of the nut 1 in any of the embodiments. However, this condition is not necessarily satisfied. That is, a certain part of the tip end portion in the depth direction of the slit 3 may reach the threaded portion of the nut 1 to form an opening in a part of the inner periphery of the nut 1.
- the slit 3 preferably has a thickness ratio of the nut lower part 1a and the nut upper part 1b in the range of 1: 4 to 1: 2. That is, the slit 3 is desirably installed in the vicinity of the lower portion of the nut 1. This is because, as shown in FIG. 4, in the case of a normal nut having no slit 3, there is a screw surface where stress concentrates on the upper part of the screw by about 1 pitch from the bottom end face of the nut. This is because tightening the nut upper portion 1b is expected to distribute the stress concentration in that portion.
- the dimension of the slit 3 in the width direction is as small as possible. This also has a problem with the processing technology of the slit 3, but it is desirable to make the slit 3 with a smaller width by processing with a laser or the like.
- marks P and Q are attached to the edges of the lower part 1a and the upper part 1b of the nut 1 facing each other across the slit 3 by marking or printing on a line parallel to the axis of the nut 1. Yes. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, marks P 'and Q' are respectively attached to the edges of the flange portion 1c and the upper portion 1b 'of the nut 1'. These marks serve as a guide for tightening work. That is, by tightening the nut lower portion 1a and the nut upper portion 1b so that the marks P and Q provided above and below the slit are shifted by a specified amount, a predetermined locking prevention effect is always obtained. The occurrence of individual differences for each tightening operation can be prevented.
- the nut tightening method of this embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, first, the nut 1 is tightened until the bottom surface of the lower portion 1 a of the nut 1 contacts the washer 5 on the fastened body 4. Next, a spanner (not shown) is hung on the nut upper portion 1b and the nut upper portion 1b is further tightened until the lower surface of the nut upper portion 1b comes into close contact with the upper surface of the nut lower portion 1a, that is, until the width of the slit 3 becomes zero. Tighten.
- FIG. 5 shows a state in which when the fastened bodies 40 and 50 are fastened with the bolts 30 and the double nuts 10 and 20, the double nuts 10 and 20 are in close contact with each other and forces are pressed against each other in the direction of the arrows. It is shown. In such a state, the double nuts 10 and 20 are deformed so that the screw pitch in the vicinity of the mutual contact surface becomes small, and a difference occurs between the screw pitches of the other portions. As a result, it becomes impossible to rotate and a locking effect is produced.
- the lower surface of the nut upper portion 1b and the upper surface of the nut lower portion 1a are brought into close contact with each other by tightening in FIG.
- the force which pushes against is generated.
- the thread pitch changes as in the case of FIG. 5, and the nut 1 which is an integral body cannot be rotated. It functions as a locking nut.
- the stress distribution as shown in FIG. This is a dispersed form as compared with the stress distribution at the time of tightening in the conventional nut shown in FIG.
- the stress concentrated on the lowermost thread of the nut 1 shown in FIG. This is to disperse the first thread portion above the thread portion and the nut lower portion 1a. Thereby, it is considered that the damage at the thread portion is reduced.
- the screw thread is deformed by tightening, and the remaining portion 3a is plastically deformed or broken, so that reuse is not considered.
- the attached nut may be removed, but it is often used such that it continues to be used while attached. Therefore, the locking nut of the present embodiment is suitable for use at a site where it is used in a state where it is attached and rarely removed.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
Abstract
Provided is a locking nut that can be easily manufactured and easily handled when tightened, and that has a reliable locking effect. This invention is characterized in being provided with a lower nut part (1a) in contact with a fastened body (4) and an upper nut part (1b) on the side opposite that in contact with the fastened body (4) when the fastened body (4) is fastened using a bolt (2) and a nut (1). A single slit (3) is provided at the boundary between the lower nut part (1a) and the upper nut part (1b) around the entire circumference of the nut (1), the slit (3) being located such that the thickness dimension ratio between the lower nut part (1a) and the upper nut part (1b) is 1:4 to 1:2, and the depth-direction distal end that of the slit (3) not reaching the threaded section on the inner circumference around the entire circumference of the nut (1).
Description
本発明は、ゆるみ止めナットに関する。
The present invention relates to a locking nut.
ボルト・ナットのゆるみ止めに関しては多くの技術が開示されている。しかしながら、それぞれの技術には制約や欠点が存在しており、全ての使用条件に適合する決定版は存在しないといってもよい。様々な問題点がある中で、ボルトとナットのメーカーが異なり、ゆるみ止めに関する共通の設計思想に基づいてボルト、ナットの両方が制作されていない、という点は大きな問題である。また、実際に使用される条件に合わせたゆるみ止め対策が、対策品とされるボルト、ナットに施されているとは言えない。
Many technologies have been disclosed for locking bolts and nuts. However, each technology has limitations and disadvantages, and it can be said that there is no definitive edition that meets all the use conditions. Among the various problems, it is a big problem that the manufacturers of bolts and nuts are different, and that both bolts and nuts are not produced based on a common design concept for locking. Moreover, it cannot be said that the bolts and nuts, which are considered to be countermeasures, are provided with measures to prevent loosening according to the conditions actually used.
すなわち、屋外の風雨にさらされる環境で使用されるボルト、ナットに使用されるゆるみ止め対策品が、現場と異なる環境の試験室内で試験されたデータに基づいて製作されており、現場での耐久性に問題が生じることがある。また、現場での締結作業の施工容易性、熟練度といった問題により、設計段階で想定しているゆるみ止め性能が発揮できないという問題もある。
In other words, anti-loosening products used for bolts and nuts used in an environment exposed to outdoor wind and rain are manufactured based on data tested in a test room in an environment different from the field, and are used in the field. May cause problems with sex. In addition, due to problems such as ease of construction and skill level of on-site fastening work, there is also a problem that the locking performance assumed at the design stage cannot be exhibited.
(ナットのゆるみについて)
ネジ締結体は、締め付けによってボルトに生じる引張り応力である軸力と被締結体に生じる圧縮応力により一体化している。しかし、機械の稼働や環境条件の変化等により、軸力が低下することがあり、一般にはこれをネジのゆるみという。
このネジのゆるみは原因によって大きく2種類に分類される。1つは「ナットの戻り回転によらないゆるみ」であり、もう1つは「ナットの戻り回転によるゆるみ」である。 (About nut loosening)
The screw fastening body is integrated by an axial force which is a tensile stress generated in the bolt by tightening and a compressive stress generated in the fastened body. However, the axial force may decrease due to machine operation or changes in environmental conditions, and this is generally referred to as loosening of screws.
The looseness of the screw is roughly classified into two types depending on the cause. One is “loosening not due to nut return rotation”, and the other is “slack due to nut return rotation”.
ネジ締結体は、締め付けによってボルトに生じる引張り応力である軸力と被締結体に生じる圧縮応力により一体化している。しかし、機械の稼働や環境条件の変化等により、軸力が低下することがあり、一般にはこれをネジのゆるみという。
このネジのゆるみは原因によって大きく2種類に分類される。1つは「ナットの戻り回転によらないゆるみ」であり、もう1つは「ナットの戻り回転によるゆるみ」である。 (About nut loosening)
The screw fastening body is integrated by an axial force which is a tensile stress generated in the bolt by tightening and a compressive stress generated in the fastened body. However, the axial force may decrease due to machine operation or changes in environmental conditions, and this is generally referred to as loosening of screws.
The looseness of the screw is roughly classified into two types depending on the cause. One is “loosening not due to nut return rotation”, and the other is “slack due to nut return rotation”.
「ナットの戻り回転によらないゆるみ」は原因によりさらにいくつかの種類に分けられる。ネジ締結体であるボルト・ナットと、被締結体である板材等の材料の接触部に、締結後の時間経過や外力により微小な塑性変形が生じて「へたる」ことでゆるむ「初期ゆるみ」や、接触部の面圧が高すぎることで接触部表面が塑性変形する「陥没ゆるみ」、ボルト自体に塑性伸びが生じて軸力が低下する「過大外力によるゆるみ」、被締結体との膨張係数の違いにより、高温条件でボルトが伸びて軸力が低下する「熱的原因によるゆるみ」等がある。
”“ Looseness not caused by return rotation of nut ”is further classified into several types depending on the cause. "Initial loosening" where a small plastic deformation occurs due to the lapse of time or external force after fastening at the contact portion between the bolt and nut that is the screw fastening body and the plate material that is the fastening body, etc. In addition, the contact surface is plastically deformed due to the contact surface pressure being too high, and the bolt itself undergoes plastic elongation and the axial force decreases, causing loosening due to excessive external force. Due to the difference in the coefficient, there is a “loosening due to thermal cause” or the like in which the bolt is stretched under a high temperature condition to reduce the axial force.
「ナットの戻り回転によるゆるみ」も原因によりさらにいくつかの種類に分けられ、「軸回り方向の繰返し外力によるゆるみ」、「軸直角方向の繰返し外力によるゆるみ」、「軸方向の繰返し外力によるゆるみ」に分けられる。
"Loosening due to nut return rotation" is further divided into several types, "Loosening due to repeated external force around the axis", "Loosening due to repeated external force in the direction perpendicular to the axis", "Loosening due to repeated external force in the axial direction" ”.
「ナットの戻り回転によるゆるみ」については、いまだにその機構が完全に解明されているわけではない。そのため、対策も不適切であったり、不十分であったりすることが多く、しばしば事故につながっている。
”The mechanism of“ loosening due to the return rotation of the nut ”is not yet fully understood. For this reason, countermeasures are often inappropriate or insufficient, often leading to accidents.
(トルク管理について)
現場には数多くのボルト・ナットによる締結部があるため、ネジの締付け管理を行う必要がある。代表的なネジの締付け管理方法としてトルク法があり、一般的にこのトルク法締付け管理が最も簡便な方法として普及している。
しかしながら、締め付け程度を実際に測ることは非常に困難である。したがって、現在は、軸力管理の代用管理としてトルク管理が実行されているが、ややもすると過剰に締め付けられ、ボルト・ナットの許容を超えて締め付けられている場合も多々見受けられる。これはトルク管理の特性を理解していないからに他ならない。しかしながら、トルク管理の特性を理解することは非常に困難である。 (About torque management)
Since there are many bolts and nuts in the field, it is necessary to perform screw tightening management. There is a torque method as a typical screw tightening management method, and this torque method tightening management is generally spread as the simplest method.
However, it is very difficult to actually measure the degree of tightening. Therefore, torque management is currently performed as a substitute management of axial force management, but there are many cases where the bolts and nuts are tightened in excess of the allowable limits of bolts and nuts. This is none other than understanding the characteristics of torque management. However, it is very difficult to understand the characteristics of torque management.
現場には数多くのボルト・ナットによる締結部があるため、ネジの締付け管理を行う必要がある。代表的なネジの締付け管理方法としてトルク法があり、一般的にこのトルク法締付け管理が最も簡便な方法として普及している。
しかしながら、締め付け程度を実際に測ることは非常に困難である。したがって、現在は、軸力管理の代用管理としてトルク管理が実行されているが、ややもすると過剰に締め付けられ、ボルト・ナットの許容を超えて締め付けられている場合も多々見受けられる。これはトルク管理の特性を理解していないからに他ならない。しかしながら、トルク管理の特性を理解することは非常に困難である。 (About torque management)
Since there are many bolts and nuts in the field, it is necessary to perform screw tightening management. There is a torque method as a typical screw tightening management method, and this torque method tightening management is generally spread as the simplest method.
However, it is very difficult to actually measure the degree of tightening. Therefore, torque management is currently performed as a substitute management of axial force management, but there are many cases where the bolts and nuts are tightened in excess of the allowable limits of bolts and nuts. This is none other than understanding the characteristics of torque management. However, it is very difficult to understand the characteristics of torque management.
トルク管理は、自動車工業界、メーカー等においては、試験等により確立されているものと思われるが、屋外での締め付け施工にこのトルク管理を適用することは、環境、自然状況、個人差、ボルト・ナットの特性等を無視しての管理といえる。トルクレンチを使用して締め付けているとはいえ、管理しているとは言い難い。
Torque management seems to have been established by testing etc. in the automobile industry, manufacturers, etc., but applying this torque management to outdoor tightening construction is difficult for the environment, natural conditions, individual differences, bolts・ It can be said that the management ignores the nut characteristics. Although it is tightened using a torque wrench, it is hard to say that it is managed.
つまり、このトルクレンチを使用する管理方法は、締付け管理方法として比較的簡便ではあるが、その評価はあくまで研究室における実験値との比較で行われるため、現場での締め付け施工に適用する場合は、締付け施工条件の研究室との相違等を考慮する必要があり、そうしなければ必ずしも満足できるものとは言えないのである。現状では、どのような施工条件でも、どのような作業者でも容易に行える管理方法であるとは到底言えない。
In other words, the management method using this torque wrench is relatively simple as a tightening management method, but its evaluation is only compared with experimental values in the laboratory, so when applying to tightening on site Therefore, it is necessary to consider the difference between the tightening work conditions and the laboratory, otherwise it is not necessarily satisfactory. At present, it cannot be said that it is a management method that can be easily performed by any worker under any construction conditions.
(ゆるみ止めナットについて)
ゆるみ止めナットとしては従来から種々の方式が知られている。2つの部品からなり、ゆるみ止めを実現する方式もある。また、ナットとボルトのネジ部の隙間(バックラッシ)を特別の部品で埋めたり、流体を流し込んで埋めたりする方式もある。また、1つのナットのみでゆるみ止めを実現させる方式としてはフリクションリングを用いる方式や、特許文献1、特許文献2のようにナットにスリットを設ける方式がある。 (About the locking nut)
Various methods are conventionally known as a locking nut. There is also a method that consists of two parts and achieves locking. In addition, there is a method of filling a gap (backlash) between a screw portion of a nut and a bolt with a special part or pouring a fluid. Further, as a method of realizing the locking with only one nut, there are a method using a friction ring and a method of providing a slit in a nut as inPatent Document 1 and Patent Document 2.
ゆるみ止めナットとしては従来から種々の方式が知られている。2つの部品からなり、ゆるみ止めを実現する方式もある。また、ナットとボルトのネジ部の隙間(バックラッシ)を特別の部品で埋めたり、流体を流し込んで埋めたりする方式もある。また、1つのナットのみでゆるみ止めを実現させる方式としてはフリクションリングを用いる方式や、特許文献1、特許文献2のようにナットにスリットを設ける方式がある。 (About the locking nut)
Various methods are conventionally known as a locking nut. There is also a method that consists of two parts and achieves locking. In addition, there is a method of filling a gap (backlash) between a screw portion of a nut and a bolt with a special part or pouring a fluid. Further, as a method of realizing the locking with only one nut, there are a method using a friction ring and a method of providing a slit in a nut as in
しかしながら、特許文献1、特許文献2の方式はゆるみ止めの原理として、ナットにスリットを設けることにより、ナットのネジ部を撓ませて、ナットのネジ部がボルトのネジ部とより強固に接触するようにしてボルトの軸力を高めるという方式を採用している。このため、過大な衝撃的な外力が締結部に加わった場合にボルト、ナットのネジ接触面が降伏してゆるみが生じるという問題がある。
However, in the methods of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, as a principle of locking prevention, by providing a slit in the nut, the screw portion of the nut is bent, and the screw portion of the nut comes into stronger contact with the screw portion of the bolt. In this way, the method of increasing the axial force of the bolt is adopted. For this reason, when an excessive shocking external force is applied to the fastening portion, there is a problem that the screw contact surfaces of the bolts and nuts yield and loosen.
「ナットの戻り回転によるゆるみ」については、いまだにその機構が完全に解明されているわけではない。そのため、対策も不適切であったり、不十分であったりすることが多く、しばしば事故につながっている。
”The mechanism of“ loosening due to the return rotation of the nut ”is not yet fully understood. For this reason, countermeasures are often inappropriate or insufficient, often leading to accidents.
ボルト・ナットの締結体では、被締結体に近い、第一ネジ山部に大きな力がかかるため、ネジ山部での破損が生じる危険性がある。
¡In the bolt / nut fastening body, a large force is applied to the first threaded portion, which is close to the body to be fastened, and there is a risk of breakage in the threaded portion.
回転によるゆるみを引き起こす外力としては、「軸回り方向」、「軸直角方向」、「軸方向」の3種類があるが、実際のゆるみはこれらが複合的に作用することで生じており、試験によってこの複雑な挙動を再現することは困難である。このため、ゆるみの評価は比較試験の域を出ていないのが現状で、ゆるみ止め対策用装置の研究開発も多くあるが、現場の要求を十分に満足させるものは少ないといえる。
There are three types of external forces that cause loosening due to rotation: “direction around the axis”, “direction perpendicular to the axis”, and “axial direction”. Actual looseness is caused by the combined action of these, It is difficult to reproduce this complicated behavior. For this reason, the present situation is that looseness evaluation is not out of the range of comparative tests, and there are many research and developments of anti-loosening devices, but it can be said that there are few that sufficiently satisfy the requirements of the site.
本発明は上記の従来の問題点に鑑み、既存のナットにスリットを設けることで容易に製作することができ、締め付け作業において容易に施工管理ができ、しかも確実に上記「ナットの戻り回転によるゆるみ」を防止する効果を発揮するゆるみ止めナットを提供することを課題とする。
In view of the above-described conventional problems, the present invention can be easily manufactured by providing a slit in an existing nut, and can be easily managed in a tightening operation, and moreover, the above-mentioned loosening due to the return rotation of the nut is ensured. It is an object of the present invention to provide a locking nut that exhibits an effect of preventing "
ダブルナットによるゆるみ止めは従来から知られているが、施工上の問題から確実性に不安があり、ゆるみ止めナットの方式としてあまり利用されていない。しかしながら、ダブルナットについては施工を厳密に行うことにより、確実にゆるみ止め効果を得られることが実証されている。本発明のゆるみ止めナットは、基本的にダブルナット構造の上記利点に着目したもので、ナットにスリットを設けることにより、1個のナットでダブルナット構造を実現させた方式といえる。すなわち、従来のダブルナット構造における上部ナット及び下部ナットを連結することにより、ダブルナット構造の不確実性が払拭されている。そのためナット上部とナット下部との間に設けられるスリットの幅は極力小さくする構造とする。
¡Loosening prevention with a double nut has been known for some time, but there are concerns about its reliability due to construction problems, and it is not widely used as a locking nut system. However, it has been proved that the loosening prevention effect can be surely obtained by strictly performing the construction of the double nut. The loosening prevention nut of the present invention basically pays attention to the above-mentioned advantages of the double nut structure, and can be said to be a system in which a double nut structure is realized with a single nut by providing a slit in the nut. That is, the uncertainty of the double nut structure is eliminated by connecting the upper nut and the lower nut in the conventional double nut structure. Therefore, the width of the slit provided between the nut upper part and the nut lower part is made as small as possible.
ナットにスリットを入れて締め付けることにより、ナットの上部・下部の、ナット自体のネジ山ピッチに変化を与え、ゆるみ止め機能を発揮させる方式である。
ナット下部及びナット上部を後述する方法でお互いをさらに密着させる方向に締め付けることにより、ネジ山に平均的に応力が分散され、スリットによる強度低下をカバーして外力に対する強度が増すと考えられる。また、スリットの上下に設けられたマークにより、確実に締め付けられていることが確認できる。本発明の方式はボルトのネジ山への接触力を増大させるものではなく、締め付けによりナット自体が変化する方式であるため、アンカーボルト等には特に有意義である。 By tightening the nut with a slit, it is possible to change the thread pitch of the nut itself at the upper and lower parts of the nut and to exert a function to prevent loosening.
By tightening the lower part of the nut and the upper part of the nut in a direction in which they are further brought into close contact with each other, it is considered that the stress is dispersed on the average thread and the strength against external force is increased by covering the strength reduction due to the slit. Moreover, it can confirm that it has tightened reliably by the mark provided in the upper and lower sides of the slit. The method of the present invention does not increase the contact force of the bolt with the screw thread, but is a method in which the nut itself changes by tightening, and is particularly meaningful for an anchor bolt or the like.
ナット下部及びナット上部を後述する方法でお互いをさらに密着させる方向に締め付けることにより、ネジ山に平均的に応力が分散され、スリットによる強度低下をカバーして外力に対する強度が増すと考えられる。また、スリットの上下に設けられたマークにより、確実に締め付けられていることが確認できる。本発明の方式はボルトのネジ山への接触力を増大させるものではなく、締め付けによりナット自体が変化する方式であるため、アンカーボルト等には特に有意義である。 By tightening the nut with a slit, it is possible to change the thread pitch of the nut itself at the upper and lower parts of the nut and to exert a function to prevent loosening.
By tightening the lower part of the nut and the upper part of the nut in a direction in which they are further brought into close contact with each other, it is considered that the stress is dispersed on the average thread and the strength against external force is increased by covering the strength reduction due to the slit. Moreover, it can confirm that it has tightened reliably by the mark provided in the upper and lower sides of the slit. The method of the present invention does not increase the contact force of the bolt with the screw thread, but is a method in which the nut itself changes by tightening, and is particularly meaningful for an anchor bolt or the like.
ダブルナット方式の締め付け方法と同様の締め付け方式が用いられることで、
ボルトのネジ部に過大な軸力を掛けずにゆるみ止め効果が得られる。 By using the same tightening method as the double nut method,
A loosening prevention effect can be obtained without applying an excessive axial force to the threaded portion of the bolt.
ボルトのネジ部に過大な軸力を掛けずにゆるみ止め効果が得られる。 By using the same tightening method as the double nut method,
A loosening prevention effect can be obtained without applying an excessive axial force to the threaded portion of the bolt.
被締結体付近までは普通ナットと同様に手で回すことができるため、プリベリング型ナット等の既製のゆるみ止めナットよりも施工性がよい。
¡Because it can be turned by hand in the same way as an ordinary nut up to the vicinity of the body to be fastened, the workability is better than off-the-shelf locking nuts such as pre-leveling nuts.
ボルト・ナットに掛かる力が分散されるため、ネジ山部での破損が少なくなる。
また、従来のプリべリング型ゆるみ止めナット等では、締め付け施工においてボルトの不完全ネジ部を避け、また、プリべリング効果を保つために、ナット上部に3山(ボルト・ナットの3ピッチ相当)程度の余長を必要とするが、本発明のナットでは応力分散が想定されること、ゆるみ止め効果を発揮する部位がナット中部(スリット部)にあることから、余長を少なくできる。 Since the force applied to the bolts and nuts is dispersed, damage at the thread portion is reduced.
Also, with the conventional pre-leveling type locking nuts, etc., in order to avoid incomplete threaded parts of the bolts during tightening, and to maintain the pre-leveling effect, 3 threads (equivalent to 3 pitches of bolts and nuts) ), The nut according to the present invention is assumed to have stress dispersion, and the portion that exhibits the locking effect is in the middle portion (slit portion) of the nut, so that the extra length can be reduced.
また、従来のプリべリング型ゆるみ止めナット等では、締め付け施工においてボルトの不完全ネジ部を避け、また、プリべリング効果を保つために、ナット上部に3山(ボルト・ナットの3ピッチ相当)程度の余長を必要とするが、本発明のナットでは応力分散が想定されること、ゆるみ止め効果を発揮する部位がナット中部(スリット部)にあることから、余長を少なくできる。 Since the force applied to the bolts and nuts is dispersed, damage at the thread portion is reduced.
Also, with the conventional pre-leveling type locking nuts, etc., in order to avoid incomplete threaded parts of the bolts during tightening, and to maintain the pre-leveling effect, 3 threads (equivalent to 3 pitches of bolts and nuts) ), The nut according to the present invention is assumed to have stress dispersion, and the portion that exhibits the locking effect is in the middle portion (slit portion) of the nut, so that the extra length can be reduced.
スリットを挟んで上下に設けられたマークを見ながら締め付け作業を行うことができるため、作業に熟練を要さず、トルクレンチを使用したトルク管理も不要となる。これにより、作業者による個人差や、締め付け作業ごとの個体差の発生が防止できる。
¡Tightening work can be performed while looking at the marks provided above and below the slit, so that no skill is required for the work, and torque management using a torque wrench is not required. Thereby, the generation | occurrence | production of the individual difference by an operator and the individual difference for every fastening operation | work can be prevented.
構造が簡単であり、従来の市販ナットにスリットを設けるだけで製作できるため設備投資が少なくて済み、安価に製作できる。
構造 The structure is simple, and it can be manufactured simply by providing a slit in a conventional commercially available nut.
図1は本発明の第1の実施形態を示すゆるみ止めナットの断面図であり、図2は本発明の第2の実施形態を示すゆるみ止めナットの断面図である。
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a locking nut showing a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a locking nut showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
まず、各実施形態のナットの構成について説明する。
図1に示すように、第1の実施形態のゆるみ止めナットは、被締結体4,4’をボルト2及びナット1で締結する際、被締結体4に接する側のナット下部1aと、被締結体4に接する側と反対側のナット上部1bとを備え、ナット下部1aとナット上部1bの境界部にナット1の全周に亘って1条のスリット3が切られている。 First, the structure of the nut of each embodiment is demonstrated.
As shown in FIG. 1, the locking nut according to the first embodiment includes a nutlower portion 1 a on the side that comes into contact with the body to be fastened 4 when the fastened bodies 4 and 4 ′ are fastened with the bolt 2 and the nut 1, A nut upper portion 1b opposite to the side in contact with the fastening body 4 is provided, and one slit 3 is cut over the entire circumference of the nut 1 at the boundary between the nut lower portion 1a and the nut upper portion 1b.
図1に示すように、第1の実施形態のゆるみ止めナットは、被締結体4,4’をボルト2及びナット1で締結する際、被締結体4に接する側のナット下部1aと、被締結体4に接する側と反対側のナット上部1bとを備え、ナット下部1aとナット上部1bの境界部にナット1の全周に亘って1条のスリット3が切られている。 First, the structure of the nut of each embodiment is demonstrated.
As shown in FIG. 1, the locking nut according to the first embodiment includes a nut
第2の実施形態ではスリット3の下部には、ナット1’の外周面に連続して鍔部1cが設けられており、鍔部1cの外周は六角形となっている。
スリット3は図1、図2に示すように、いずれの実施形態においても、その深さ方向の先端部はナット1の内周に切られたネジ部に達していない。ただし、必ずしもこの条件が満たされていなくても差し支えない。すなわち、スリット3の深さ方向の先端部の内、ある部分はナット1のネジ部まで達してナット1の内周の一部に開口部を形成してもよい。 In the second embodiment, aflange 1c is provided below the slit 3 continuously to the outer peripheral surface of the nut 1 ', and the outer periphery of the flange 1c is hexagonal.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, theslit 3 does not reach the threaded portion cut at the inner periphery of the nut 1 in any of the embodiments. However, this condition is not necessarily satisfied. That is, a certain part of the tip end portion in the depth direction of the slit 3 may reach the threaded portion of the nut 1 to form an opening in a part of the inner periphery of the nut 1.
スリット3は図1、図2に示すように、いずれの実施形態においても、その深さ方向の先端部はナット1の内周に切られたネジ部に達していない。ただし、必ずしもこの条件が満たされていなくても差し支えない。すなわち、スリット3の深さ方向の先端部の内、ある部分はナット1のネジ部まで達してナット1の内周の一部に開口部を形成してもよい。 In the second embodiment, a
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the
逆に言えば、スリット3の深さ方向の先端部の内、ナット1のネジ部まで達していない部分があることが必要とされる。これは、ナット1がスリット3によって下部1aと上部1bとに分断されてしまわないために当然のことではあるが、後述するナット1の締め付け作業において、第1段階の締め付け時まではナット1の下部1aと上部1bとは一体物として締め付け前の状態を保っていなければならない。
In other words, it is necessary that there is a portion that does not reach the screw portion of the nut 1 in the depth direction end portion of the slit 3. This is natural because the nut 1 is not divided into the lower part 1a and the upper part 1b by the slit 3, but in the tightening operation of the nut 1, which will be described later, until the first stage of tightening, the nut 1 The lower part 1a and the upper part 1b must keep the state before fastening as an integrated object.
スリット3はナット下部1aとナット上部1bの厚さ寸法の比が1:4~1:2の範囲内であることが望ましい。つまり、スリット3はナット1の下部近傍に設置されることが望ましい。なぜなら、図4に示すように、スリット3の無い通常のナットの場合、ナットの最下部端面からネジ1ピッチ程度上部に応力が集中するネジ面があり、スリット3には後述するナット下部1aとナット上部1bの締め込みにより、その部分の応力集中を分散させる効果が期待されているからである。
The slit 3 preferably has a thickness ratio of the nut lower part 1a and the nut upper part 1b in the range of 1: 4 to 1: 2. That is, the slit 3 is desirably installed in the vicinity of the lower portion of the nut 1. This is because, as shown in FIG. 4, in the case of a normal nut having no slit 3, there is a screw surface where stress concentrates on the upper part of the screw by about 1 pitch from the bottom end face of the nut. This is because tightening the nut upper portion 1b is expected to distribute the stress concentration in that portion.
スリット3の幅方向の寸法はできるだけ小さいことが望ましい。これにはスリット3の加工技術の問題も関係するが、レーザーによる加工等によってより幅寸法の小さいスリット3とすることが望ましい。
It is desirable that the dimension of the slit 3 in the width direction is as small as possible. This also has a problem with the processing technology of the slit 3, but it is desirable to make the slit 3 with a smaller width by processing with a laser or the like.
図1に示すように、スリット3を挟んで対峙するナット1の下部1aと上部1bの縁には、ナット1の軸と平行な線上に刻印、あるいは印刷により各々マークP、Qが付されている。また、図2に示すように、ナット1’の鍔部1cと上部1b’の縁には各々マークP’、Q’が付されている。これらのマークは締め込み施工の目安としての役割を持つ。すなわち、スリットを挟んで上下に設けられたマークP及びQを規定量ずらすようにナット下部1a及びナット上部1bを締め込むことで、所定のゆるみ止め効果が常に得られ、作業者による個人差や、締め付け作業ごとの個体差の発生が防止できる。
As shown in FIG. 1, marks P and Q are attached to the edges of the lower part 1a and the upper part 1b of the nut 1 facing each other across the slit 3 by marking or printing on a line parallel to the axis of the nut 1. Yes. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, marks P 'and Q' are respectively attached to the edges of the flange portion 1c and the upper portion 1b 'of the nut 1'. These marks serve as a guide for tightening work. That is, by tightening the nut lower portion 1a and the nut upper portion 1b so that the marks P and Q provided above and below the slit are shifted by a specified amount, a predetermined locking prevention effect is always obtained. The occurrence of individual differences for each tightening operation can be prevented.
次に、本実施形態のナットの締め込み方法について説明する。図3に示すように、まず、ナット1の下部1aの底面が被締結体4上の座金5に接するまでナット1を締め込む。次に、スパナ(不図示)をナット上部1bに掛けてナット上部1bをさらに締め込んで、ナット上部1bの下面がナット下部1aの上面に密着するまで、すなわちスリット3の幅がゼロとなるまで締め込む。
Next, the nut tightening method of this embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, first, the nut 1 is tightened until the bottom surface of the lower portion 1 a of the nut 1 contacts the washer 5 on the fastened body 4. Next, a spanner (not shown) is hung on the nut upper portion 1b and the nut upper portion 1b is further tightened until the lower surface of the nut upper portion 1b comes into close contact with the upper surface of the nut lower portion 1a, that is, until the width of the slit 3 becomes zero. Tighten.
上記の締め込みによりゆるみ止め効果が生じるメカニズムは、ダブルナットによるゆるみ止めのメカニズムと同様である。図5はボルト30とダブルナット10、20で被締結体40、50を締結する際に、ダブルナット10、20が密着して、矢印の方向にお互いに押し付けあう力が発生している状態を示すものである。このような状態においてダブルナット10、20はお互いの接触面近傍のねじピッチが小さくなるように変形し、他の部分のねじピッチとの間に差異が生じるため、ダブルナット10、20が一体ものとして回転できなくなってゆるみ止め効果を生じる。
¡The mechanism for preventing the loosening effect by tightening is the same as the mechanism for preventing the loosening by the double nut. FIG. 5 shows a state in which when the fastened bodies 40 and 50 are fastened with the bolts 30 and the double nuts 10 and 20, the double nuts 10 and 20 are in close contact with each other and forces are pressed against each other in the direction of the arrows. It is shown. In such a state, the double nuts 10 and 20 are deformed so that the screw pitch in the vicinity of the mutual contact surface becomes small, and a difference occurs between the screw pitches of the other portions. As a result, it becomes impossible to rotate and a locking effect is produced.
上記ダブルナットの場合と同じように、本実施形態の場合も、図3において上記締め込みにより、ナット上部1bの下面とナット下部1aの上面とが密着し、ナット上部1bとナット下部1aがお互いに押し付けあう力を生じている。この際、ナット上部1bの下面とナット下部1aの上面の近傍では、上記図5の場合と同様にねじピッチに変化が生じ、一体物であるナット1は回転することが不能となり、ナット1はゆるみ止めナットとしての機能を発揮する。
As in the case of the double nut, in the case of the present embodiment, the lower surface of the nut upper portion 1b and the upper surface of the nut lower portion 1a are brought into close contact with each other by tightening in FIG. The force which pushes against is generated. At this time, in the vicinity of the lower surface of the nut upper portion 1b and the upper surface of the nut lower portion 1a, the thread pitch changes as in the case of FIG. 5, and the nut 1 which is an integral body cannot be rotated. It functions as a locking nut.
また、上述の締め込みにより、ナット1のネジ部には図3に示すような応力分布が生じると考えられる。これは図4に示す従来のナットにおける締め付け時の応力分布と比較して分散した形である。ナット上部1bの下面とナット下部1aの上面が密着して互いに押し付けあうことにより、従来、図4に示すナット1の最下部のネジ山に集中していた応力がナット上部1bの下部の第一ネジ山部とナット下部1aの上部の第一ネジ山部に分散するためである。これにより、ネジ山部での破損は少なくなるものと考えられる。
In addition, it is considered that the stress distribution as shown in FIG. This is a dispersed form as compared with the stress distribution at the time of tightening in the conventional nut shown in FIG. When the lower surface of the nut upper portion 1b and the upper surface of the nut lower portion 1a are in close contact with each other and pressed against each other, the stress concentrated on the lowermost thread of the nut 1 shown in FIG. This is to disperse the first thread portion above the thread portion and the nut lower portion 1a. Thereby, it is considered that the damage at the thread portion is reduced.
本実施形態のゆるみ止めナットでは、締め付けによりネジ山が変形するとともに、残肉部3aが塑性変形ないし破断することから、再利用は考えていない。
In the locking nut of the present embodiment, the screw thread is deformed by tightening, and the remaining portion 3a is plastically deformed or broken, so that reuse is not considered.
締結施工の現場においては、取り付けたナットを取り外しすることはあるものの、取り付けたまま使用し続けるという使用方法がとられることが多い。したがって、本実施形態のゆるみ止めナットは、取り付けた状態で使用され続け、外すことが稀な部位での使用に適している。
At the site of fastening construction, the attached nut may be removed, but it is often used such that it continues to be used while attached. Therefore, the locking nut of the present embodiment is suitable for use at a site where it is used in a state where it is attached and rarely removed.
1、1’ ナット
1a ナット下部
1c 鍔部
1b、1b’ ナット上部
2、30 ボルト
3 スリット
3a 残肉部
4、4’、40、50 被締結体
5 座金
10、20 ナット
P、Q、P’、Q’ マーク 1, 1 'nut 1a nut lower part 1c flange 1b, 1b' nut upper part 2, 30 bolt 3 slit 3a remaining part 4, 4 ', 40, 50 fastened body 5 washer 10, 20 nuts P, Q, P' , Q 'mark
1a ナット下部
1c 鍔部
1b、1b’ ナット上部
2、30 ボルト
3 スリット
3a 残肉部
4、4’、40、50 被締結体
5 座金
10、20 ナット
P、Q、P’、Q’ マーク 1, 1 '
Claims (6)
- ボルトにねじ込まれることで被締結体を固定するためのナットであって、
上記被締結体を上記ボルト及びナットで締結する際、上記被締結体に接する側のナット下部と、
上記被締結体に接する側と反対側のナット上部とを備え、
上記ナット下部と上記ナット上部の境界部に上記ナットの全周に亘って1条のスリットが切られている
ことを特徴とするすべり止めナット。 It is a nut for fixing a to-be-fastened body by screwing in a bolt,
When fastening the fastened body with the bolt and nut, the nut lower part on the side in contact with the fastened body;
A nut on the opposite side to the side in contact with the fastened body,
A non-slip nut, wherein one slit is cut over the entire circumference of the nut at the boundary between the nut lower part and the nut upper part. - 上記スリットは上記ナット下部と上記ナット上部の寸法比が、上記ナットの厚さ方向において1:4~1:2の範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のすべり止めナット。 The anti-skid nut according to claim 1, wherein the slit has a dimensional ratio of the nut lower part and the nut upper part in a range of 1: 4 to 1: 2 in the nut thickness direction.
- 上記スリットは深さ方向の先端が上記ナットの全周に亘って内周のネジ部に達しないことを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載のすべり止めナット。 The anti-skid nut according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the slit has a tip in the depth direction that does not reach the inner threaded portion over the entire circumference of the nut.
- 上記スリットは深さ方向の先端が上記ナットの内周のネジ部に達しない部分を有することを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載のすべり止めナット。 The anti-skid nut according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the slit has a portion in which a tip in a depth direction does not reach a thread portion on an inner periphery of the nut.
- 上記ナット下部の最下部の外周に連続して、外周部が多角形の鍔部を有することを特徴とする、請求項1~4に記載のすべり止めナット。 The anti-skid nut according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the outer peripheral part has a polygonal flange part continuously from the outer periphery of the lowermost part of the lower part of the nut.
- 上記ナット及び上記鍔部の外周形状は六角形であることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載のすべり止めナット。 The antiskid nut according to claim 5, wherein the outer peripheral shape of the nut and the flange is a hexagon.
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JP2013-105160 | 2013-05-17 | ||
JP2013105160A JP2014224594A (en) | 2013-05-17 | 2013-05-17 | Locking nut |
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WO2014185298A1 true WO2014185298A1 (en) | 2014-11-20 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2014/062178 WO2014185298A1 (en) | 2013-05-17 | 2014-05-02 | Locking nut |
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JP (1) | JP2014224594A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014185298A1 (en) |
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JP7296645B2 (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2023-06-23 | 嘉彦 芋田 | Manufacturing method of slit nut |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH11148509A (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 1999-06-02 | Illinois Tool Works Inc <Itw> | Lock nut |
JPH11325021A (en) * | 1998-05-13 | 1999-11-26 | Nichiwa:Kk | Nut and bolt/nut |
JP2011080584A (en) * | 2009-08-26 | 2011-04-21 | Matsumoto Tekkosho:Kk | Fastening implement |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US2286895A (en) * | 1941-04-16 | 1942-06-16 | Weatherhead Co | Lock nut |
JP2008051269A (en) * | 2006-08-25 | 2008-03-06 | Hard Lock Industry Co Ltd | Fastening nut |
-
2013
- 2013-05-17 JP JP2013105160A patent/JP2014224594A/en active Pending
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2014
- 2014-05-02 WO PCT/JP2014/062178 patent/WO2014185298A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH11148509A (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 1999-06-02 | Illinois Tool Works Inc <Itw> | Lock nut |
JPH11325021A (en) * | 1998-05-13 | 1999-11-26 | Nichiwa:Kk | Nut and bolt/nut |
JP2011080584A (en) * | 2009-08-26 | 2011-04-21 | Matsumoto Tekkosho:Kk | Fastening implement |
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