WO2014183384A1 - 一种电子换相电机 - Google Patents
一种电子换相电机 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014183384A1 WO2014183384A1 PCT/CN2013/085757 CN2013085757W WO2014183384A1 WO 2014183384 A1 WO2014183384 A1 WO 2014183384A1 CN 2013085757 W CN2013085757 W CN 2013085757W WO 2014183384 A1 WO2014183384 A1 WO 2014183384A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sensor
- control box
- motor
- microprocessor
- circuit board
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
- H02K11/35—Devices for recording or transmitting machine parameters, e.g. memory chips or radio transmitters for diagnosis
Definitions
- the utility model relates to an electronic commutating motor and a method for setting the operating parameter thereof.
- Electronic commutated motors are widely used because of their strong control performance, such as DC brushless motors, switched reluctance motors, etc.
- different operating modes such as constant speed, constant torque, etc.
- changing the operating parameters of the motor requires connecting a controller or a DIP switch or jumper unit outside the motor.
- the operating parameters of the motor forward or reverse
- these methods require slotting on the motor control box to install the corresponding components. It is difficult to use these methods in some harsh environments, such as when The motor runs in a very humid environment, connected to a controller, a DIP switch or a jumper unit.
- the purpose of the utility model is to provide an electronic commutation motor, which can easily and easily change the parameters of the motor operation and effectively protect the motor, and has the advantages of simple structure, moisture proof and waterproof, and high reliability.
- An electronic commutating motor includes a motor body and a motor controller, wherein the motor body mainly comprises a stator assembly and a rotor assembly, and the motor controller comprises a control box and a control circuit board installed in the control box, wherein the control circuit board is arranged micro
- the processor, the memory, and the IGBT driving module are characterized by: A sensor is disposed in the control box or on the outer wall of the control box, and the sensor outputs a signal to the microprocessor.
- the microprocessor and the memory are connected to each other, and the microprocessor controls the coil winding inside the stator assembly to be energized or de-energized through the IGBT driving module.
- the motor body described above further includes a housing, the rotor assembly is an inner rotor assembly, and the stator assembly and inner rotor assembly are mounted within the housing.
- the sensor described above is a magnetic sensor or a light sensor, or a pressure sensitive sensor. If the sensor is triggered by an external device, the sensor outputs a signal to the microprocessor to change the operating parameters of the motor, and the microprocessor stores the changed operating parameter in the sensor. Inside the memory, operating parameters are provided for the next motor restart run.
- the magnetic sensor described above is a Hall sensor
- the control box is mounted at the bottom of the casing
- the control circuit board is mounted at the bottom of the control box
- the Hall sensor is mounted below the control circuit board
- the external device is a magnetic piece.
- the magnetic sensor described above is a Hall sensor
- the control box is installed at the bottom of the casing
- the control circuit board is installed at the bottom of the control box
- the Hall sensor is installed above the control circuit board and close to the side wall of the control box.
- the external device is a piece of magnetic disk.
- the photosensor described above is mounted on the through hole of the outer wall of the control box, and is sealed with a seal at the inner wall of the infrared receiver and the through hole.
- the pressure sensitive sensor described above is mounted on the through hole of the outer wall of the control box, and is sealed with a seal at the inner wall of the pressure sensitive sensor and the through hole.
- the motor operating parameters described above are steering, or input voltage, or rated torque, or rotational speed.
- the control circuit board described above is further provided with a power supply circuit and a detection circuit unit.
- the power supply circuit supplies power to each part of the circuit, and the detection circuit unit detects the inner rotor position signal or the phase current signal and sends it to the micro place. Processor.
- the motor body described above further comprises a base, the rotor assembly is an outer rotor assembly, the stator assembly is mounted outside the base, the outer rotor assembly is sleeved outside the stator assembly, the sensor is a magnetic sensor or a light sensor, or is pressure sensitive Sensor, sensor If triggered by an external device, the sensor output signal to the microprocessor to change the motor operating parameters, the microprocessor stores the changed operating parameters in the memory to provide operating parameters for the next motor restart operation.
- the magnetic sensor described above is a Hall sensor
- the control box is mounted at the bottom of the base
- the control circuit board is mounted at the bottom of the control box
- the Hall sensor is mounted below the control circuit board
- the external device is a magnetic piece.
- the magnetic sensor described above is a Hall sensor
- the control box is installed at the bottom of the base
- the control circuit board is installed at the bottom of the control box
- the Hall sensor is installed above the control circuit board and close to the side wall of the control box.
- the external device is a piece of magnetic disk.
- the photosensor described above is mounted on the through hole of the outer wall of the control box, and is sealed with a seal at the inner wall of the infrared receiver and the through hole.
- the pressure sensitive sensor described above is mounted on the through hole of the outer wall of the control box, and is sealed with a seal on the inner wall of the pressure sensitive sensor and the through hole.
- the electronic commutated motor of the present invention has the following effects: 1) a sensor is disposed in the control box or on the outer wall of the control box, and the sensor outputs a signal to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor and the memory are connected to each other.
- the microprocessor controls the coil winding inside the stator assembly to be energized or de-energized through the IGBT driving module. If the sensor is triggered by an external device, the sensor outputs a signal to the microprocessor to change the operating parameters of the motor, and the microprocessor stores the changed operating parameters. In the memory, the operating parameters are provided for the next motor restart operation.
- the sensor described above is a magnetic sensor or a light sensor or a pressure sensitive sensor, which can easily and easily change the parameters of the motor operation and effectively protect the motor, and has a simple structure.
- the advantage of the utility model is that the traditional jumper or code wheel: switch is removed, which is helpful for improving the reliability of the motor, and also reduces the on-site operation, eliminating the need for a PC or a handheld programmer. , improve the installation convenience of the after-sales motor.
- the magnetic sensor is a Hall sensor, the control box is installed at the bottom of the casing or the base, the control circuit board is installed at the bottom of the control box, and the Hall sensor is installed under the control circuit board or installed on the control circuit board.
- the external device Above and close to the side wall of the control box, the external device is a magnetic piece. When the motor starts, the magnetic piece is close to the Hall sensor, which can easily and easily change the parameters of the motor operation and effectively protect the motor.
- Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional structural view of the first embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional structural view showing another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a circuit block diagram of a controller of the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a flow chart of setting operation parameters according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 6 is a cross-sectional structural view of the second embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 7 is a cross-sectional structural view of a third embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 8 is a cross-sectional structural view showing the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
- an electronically commutated motor of the present invention includes a motor body 1 and a motor controller 2, wherein the motor body includes a casing 11, a stator assembly 13 mounted inside the casing, and The rotor assembly 12, the motor controller 2 includes a control box 21 and a control circuit board 22 mounted in the control box, wherein the control circuit board 22 is provided with a microprocessor, a memory, and an IGBT driving module.
- the control box 21 is further provided with a sensor, and the sensor outputs a signal to the microprocessor.
- the microprocessor and the memory are connected to each other for communication.
- the microprocessor controls the coil winding inside the stator assembly 13 to be energized or de-energized by the IGBT driving module.
- the sensor is a magnetic sensor
- the magnetic sensor is a Hall sensor 23
- the control box 21 is mounted on the bottom of the casing 11
- the control circuit board 22 is mounted on the bottom of the control box 21, and the Hall sensor 23 is mounted.
- the external device 3 is a magnetic piece. In this way, the Hall sensor 23 is away from the motor stator winding or the permanent magnet inner rotor, preventing the interference of the motor magnetic field on the sensor, and the stability is better.
- the motor operating parameters are forward and reverse signals, or a constant speed operation mode signal and a constant torque operation mode signal, or an input voltage signal, or a rated torque signal, or a speed signal.
- the control circuit board is further provided with a power supply circuit and a detection circuit unit.
- the power supply circuit supplies power to each part of the circuit, and the detection circuit unit detects the inner rotor position signal or the phase current signal and sends it to the microprocessor.
- the position of the Hall sensor 23 can be modified so that it can be mounted above the control board 22 and close to the side wall of the control box 21, and the external device 3 is a magnetic piece.
- the principle of the utility model is: a sensor is arranged in the control box 21, the sensor outputs a signal to the microprocessor, the microprocessor and the memory are connected to each other, and the microprocessor controls the coil winding inside the stator assembly to be energized by the IGBT driving module or Power off, if the sensor is triggered by an external device, the sensor outputs a signal to the microprocessor to change the motor operating parameters, and the microprocessor stores the changed operating parameters in the memory to provide operating parameters for the next motor restart operation.
- the sensor is a magnetic sensor, which can easily and easily change the parameters of the motor operation and effectively protect the motor, and has a simple structure, moisture proof and waterproof, and high reliability.
- the forward and reverse signals of the motor can be set by the sensor, or the constant speed operation mode and the constant torque operation mode can be switched.
- Fig. 5 it is a method for setting the operating parameters of the electronic commutating motor.
- hal l represents the Hall sensor
- hal l-cnt represents the level signal output by the Hall sensor.
- the operating parameter settings include the following. step:
- the microprocessor detects the output level signal of the Hall sensor during a period of time during which the motor is energized;
- the microprocessor stores the changed new operating parameters in the memory to provide the basis for the next motor restart.
- the time value ranges from 10 seconds to 60 seconds, the time T2 is greater than 100 milliseconds, and N is greater than or equal to 3.
- the motor operating parameters are forward and reverse signals, or constant speed operation mode signals and constant torque operation modes. signal. This can effectively prevent misoperation, reduce other signal interference, and have high reliability. It was found in the experiment that as long as the magnetic disk 3 leaves the control box 10 cm, the operation parameter setting cannot be completed, that is, the steering function or the switching between the constant speed operation mode signal and the constant torque operation mode cannot be replaced.
- the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is as shown in FIG. 6.
- the sensor is a light sensor 24, the light sensor 24 is mounted under the control circuit board 22, and the light sensor 24 is mounted on the through hole of the outer wall of the control box, and The light sensor 24 and the inner wall of the through hole are sealed with a seal 26, the photo sensor 24 may be a photoresistor or an infrared receiver, and the external device 4 is a light emitter. Internal rotor electromagnetic interference, better stability.
- the light emitter illuminates the light sensor 24 to change the light intensity multiple times within a certain period of time.
- the light sensor 24 outputs a signal to the microprocessor, the microprocessor changes the motor operating parameters, and the microprocessor stores the changed operating parameters in the Inside the memory, operating parameters are provided for the next motor restart run.
- Embodiment 3 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 3
- the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is shown in FIG. 7.
- the sensor is a pressure sensitive sensor 25, and the pressure sensitive sensor 25 is mounted under the control circuit board 22, and the pressure sensitive sensor 25 is mounted on the outer wall of the control box.
- the pressure sensitive sensor 25 and the inner wall of the through hole are sealed by a seal seal 26, the pressure sensitive sensor 25 may be a varistor, and the external device 5 is pressed by a human finger, which is not affected by electromagnetic interference of the inner rotor and is stable. Better sex.
- the pressure sensitive sensor 25 records the number of finger presses as a trigger condition for a certain period of time, the pressure sensitive sensor 25 outputs a signal to the microprocessor, the microprocessor changes the motor operating parameters, and the microprocessor stores the changed operating parameters in the memory. Provide operating parameters for the next motor restart run.
- Embodiment 4 Embodiment 4:
- the present embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that it is shown in FIG. 8. It is an outer rotor electronic phase-change motor including a motor body 1 and a motor controller 2, wherein the motor body includes a base 14, a stator assembly 13, and an outer rotor assembly 15.
- the stator assembly 13 is mounted on the outside of the base 14, and the outer rotor assembly 15 is sleeved on the outside of the stator assembly 13.
- the motor controller 2 includes a control box 21 and a control circuit board 22 mounted in the control box, wherein the control circuit board 22 is provided with micro processing.
- the device, the memory, and the IGBT driving module are further provided with a sensor in the control box 21, the sensor outputs a signal to the microprocessor, the microprocessor and the memory are connected to each other, and the microprocessor controls the coil winding in the stator assembly 13 through the IGBT driving module.
- the sensor When the power is turned on or off, if the sensor is triggered by the external device 3, the sensor outputs a signal to the microprocessor.
- the motor operating parameters are changed and the microprocessor stores the changed operating parameters in the memory to provide operating parameters for the next motor restart.
- the sensor is a magnetic sensor, the magnetic sensor is a Hall sensor 23, the control box 21 is mounted at the bottom of the base 14, the control circuit board 22 is mounted at the bottom of the control box 21, and the Hall sensor 23 is mounted.
- the external device 3 is a magnetic piece.
- the Hall sensor 23 is away from the motor stator winding 13 or the permanent magnet outer rotor 15, which prevents the magnetic field of the motor from interfering with the sensor and has better stability.
- the motor operating parameters are forward rotation and reverse rotation signals, or constant speed operation mode signals and constant torque operation mode signals, or input voltage signals, or rated torque signals, or speed signals.
- the control circuit board is further provided with a power supply circuit and a detection circuit unit. The power supply circuit supplies power to each part of the circuit, and the detection circuit unit detects the inner rotor position signal or the phase current signal and sends it to the microprocessor.
- Hall sensor 23 can also be mounted above the control circuit board 22 and adjacent to the side wall of the control box 21.
- a modification can be made in the embodiment: changing the sensor to a light sensor, the light sensor is mounted under the control circuit board 22, and the light sensor is mounted on the through hole of the outer wall of the control box, and The light sensor and the inner wall of the through hole are sealed and sealed by a sealing member, the light sensor may be a photoresistor or an infrared receiver, and the external device is a light emitter, which is not affected by electromagnetic interference of the inner rotor and has better stability.
- the light emitter illuminates the light sensor to change the light intensity multiple times within a certain period of time, the light sensor outputs a signal to the microprocessor, the microprocessor changes the motor operating parameters, and the microprocessor stores the changed operating parameters in the memory. , provides operating parameters for the next motor restart run.
- the sensitive sensor can be a varistor, and the external device is a human finger press. This method is not affected by electromagnetic interference of the inner rotor and has better stability.
- the pressure sensitive sensor records the number of finger presses as a trigger condition within a certain period of time, the pressure sensitive sensor outputs a signal to the microprocessor, the microprocessor changes the motor operating parameters, and the microprocessor stores the changed operating parameters in the memory, as follows.
- the secondary motor restart operation provides operating parameters.
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Abstract
一种电子换相电机，包括电机实体（1）和电机控制器（2），其中电机实体（1）包括定子组件（13）和转子组件（12，15），电机控制器（2）包括控制盒（21）和安装在控制盒（21）里面的控制线路板（22），控制线路板（22）上设置微处理器、存储器和IGBT驱动模块，在控制盒（21）里面设置有传感器（23），传感器（23）输出信号到微处理器，微处理器与存储器相互连接通信，微处理器通过IGBT驱动模块控制定子组件（13）里面的线圈绕组通电或者断电，传感器（23）如果受到外部器件（3）的触发，传感器（23）输出信号到微处理器更改电机运行参数，微处理器将更改后的运行参数存储在存储器里面，为下次电机重新启动运行提供运行参数。电子换相电机能简单方便更改电机运行的参数且有效保护电机，且结构简单，防潮防水，可靠性高。
Description
一种电子换相电机
技术领域 ：
本实用新型涉及一种电子换相电机及其运行参数设定方法。
背景技术 ：
电子换相电机因为具有很强控制性能而广泛应用， 例如直流无刷电机、 开关磁阻电机等， 在实际使用中我们希望使用一台电机应用于不同的场合（如 不同转向、 不同转速的负载）， 在不同的应用场合使用不同的运行模式 （如恒 转速、 恒力矩等）， 通常情况下， 改变电机的运行参数需要在电机外边连接一 个控制器或拨码开关或跳线单元 （ jumper ) 等， 通过这些方式可以改变电机 的运行参数 （正转或者反转）， 但是这些方式需要在电机控制盒上开槽来安装 相应的部件， 在一些恶劣的环境中使用这些方法比较困难， 例如当电机运行在 非常潮湿的环境中， 连接一个控制器、 拨码开关或者跳线单元， 潮气会损坏这 些器件， 甚至潮气会顺着连接导线渗入到电机内部， 造成电机的控制器损坏， 因此需要一种很好的方案方便更改电机运行的参数， 而又有效保护电机，。 另 外 ， 电子换相电机在同现场操作需要 PC或者手持编程器， 售后电机的安装较 为麻烦。
发明内容 ：
本实用新型的目的是提供一种电子换相电机，它能简单方便更改电机运行 的参数且有效保护电机， 且结构简单， 防潮防水， 可靠性高。
本实用新型的电子换相电机是通过下述技术方案予以实现的：
一种电子换相电机， 包括电机实体和电机控制器， 其中电机实体主要包括 定子组件和转子组件， 电机控制器包括控制盒和安装在控制盒里面的控制线路 板， 其中控制线路板上设置微处理器、 存储器、 IGBT驱动模块， 其特征在于:
在控制盒里面或者在控制盒外壁设置有传感器， 传感器输出信号到微处理器， 微处理器与存储器相互连接通信， 微处理器通过 IGBT驱动模块控制定子组件 里面的线圈绕组通电或者断电。
上述所述的电机实体还包括外壳， 转子组件是内转子组件， 定子组件和内 转子组件安装在外壳里面。
上述所述的传感器是磁敏传感器或者光传感器， 或者是压敏传感器， 传感 器如果受到外部器件的触发， 传感器输出信号到微处理器更改电机运行参数， 微处理器将更改后的运行参数存储在存储器里面，为下次电机重新启动运行提 供运行参数。
上述所述的磁敏传感器是霍尔传感器， 所述的控制盒安装在外壳底部， 控 制线路板安装在控制盒的底部， 霍尔传感器安装在控制线路板的下方， 外部器 件是一块磁片。
上述所述的磁敏传感器是霍尔传感器， 所述的控制盒安装在外壳底部， 控 制线路板安装在控制盒的底部，霍尔传感器安装在控制线路板的上方并靠近控 制盒的侧壁， 外部器件是一块磁片。
上述所述的光传感器安装在控制盒外壁的通孔上，并且在红外接收器与通 孔的内壁用密封件密封。
上述所述的压敏传感器安装在控制盒外壁的通孔上，并且在压敏传感器与 通孔的内壁用密封件密封。
上述所述的电机运行参数是转向， 或者是输入电压， 或者是额定力矩， 或 者是转速。
上述所述的控制线路板上还设置电源电路和检测电路单元， 电源电路为各 部分电路供电，检测电路单元检测内转子位置信号或者相电流信号并送到微处
理器。
上述所述的电机实体还包括底座， 转子组件是外转子组件， 定子组件安装 在底座外面， 外转子组件套在定子组件外面， 所述的传感器是磁敏传感器或者 是光传感器， 或者是压敏传感器， 传感器如果受到外部器件的触发， 传感器输 出信号到微处理器更改电机运行参数，微处理器将更改后的运行参数存储在存 储器里面， 为下次电机重新启动运行提供运行参数。
上述所述的磁敏传感器是霍尔传感器， 所述的控制盒安装在底座底部， 控 制线路板安装在控制盒的底部， 霍尔传感器安装在控制线路板的下方， 外部器 件是一块磁片。
上述所述的磁敏传感器是霍尔传感器， 所述的控制盒安装在底座底部， 控 制线路板安装在控制盒的底部，霍尔传感器安装在控制线路板的上方并靠近控 制盒的侧壁， 外部器件是一块磁片。
上述所述的光传感器安装在控制盒外壁的通孔上，并且在红外接收器与通 孔的内壁用密封件密封。
上述所述的压敏传感器安装在控制盒外壁的通孔上， 并且在压敏传感器 与通孔的内壁用密封件密封
本实用新型的电子换相电机与现有技术相比， 具有如下效果： 1 ) 在控制盒 里面或者在控制盒外壁设置有传感器， 传感器输出信号到微处理器， 微处理器与 存储器相互连接通信，微处理器通过 IGBT驱动模块控制定子组件里面的线圈绕组 通电或者断电， 传感器如果受到外部器件的触发， 传感器输出信号到微处理器更 改电机运行参数， 微处理器将更改后的运行参数存储在存储器里面， 为下次电机 重新启动运行提供运行参数， 上述所述的传感器是磁敏传感器或者是光传感器、 压敏传感器， 能简单方便更改电机运行的参数且有效保护电机， 且结构简单， 防
潮防水， 可靠性高； 本实用新型的优势是去掉了传统的跳线或者码盘:开关， 对提 高电机的可靠性有帮助， 同时还筒化了现场操作， 不再需要 PC或者手持编程器， 提高了售后电机的安装简便性。 2 ) 磁敏传感器是霍尔传感器， 所述的控制盒安装 在外壳或底座的底部， 控制线路板安装在控制盒的底部， 霍尔传感器安装在控制 线路板的下方或者安装在控制线路板的上方并靠近控制盒的侧壁， 外部器件是一 块磁片， 电机启动初期利用磁片靠近霍尔传感器， 可以简单方便更改电机运行的 参数且有效保护电机。
附图说明：
图 1 是本实用新型的实施例一的立体图。
图 2 是本实用新型实施例一的一种剖视结构图。
图 3 是本实用新型实施例一的另一种剖视结构图。
图 4 是本实用新型实施例一的控制器的电路方框图。
图 5 是本实用新型实施例一的运行参数设定流程图。
图 6 是本实用新型实施例二的剖视结构图。
图 7 是本实用新型实施例三的剖视结构图。
图 8是本实用新型实施例四的剖视结构图。
具体实施方式：
下面通过具体实施例并结合附图对本实用新型作进一步详细的描述。
实施例一：
如图 1、 图 2和图 4所示， 本实用新型的一种电子换相电机， 包括电机 实体 1和电机控制器 2， 其中电机实体包括外壳 11、 安装在外壳里面的定子组 件 13和内转子组件 12， 电机控制器 2包括控制盒 21和安装在控制盒里面的 控制线路板 22，其中控制线路板 22上设置微处理器、存储器、 IGBT驱动模块，
在控制盒 21里面还设置有传感器， 传感器输出信号到微处理器， 微处理器与 存储器相互连接通信，微处理器通过 IGBT驱动模块控制定子组件 13里面的线 圈绕组通电或者断电， 传感器如果受到外部器件 3的触发， 传感器输出信号到 微处理器更改电机运行参数， 微处理器将更改后的运行参数存储在存储器里 面， 为下次电机重新启动运行提供运行参数。 所述的传感器是磁敏传感器， 所 述的磁敏传感器是霍尔传感器 23， 所述的控制盒 21安装在外壳 11底部， 控 制线路板 22安装在控制盒 21的底部， 霍尔传感器 23安装在控制线路板的下 方， 外部器件 3是一块磁片， 这种方式， 霍尔传感器 23远离电机定子绕组或 永磁内转子， 防止电机磁场对传感器的干扰， 稳定性更好。 所述的电机运行参 数是正转和反转信号， 或者是恒转速运行模式信号和恒力矩运行模式信号、 或 者是输入电压信号， 或者是额定力矩信号， 或者是转速信号。 控制线路板上还 设置电源电路和检测电路单元， 电源电路为各部分电路供电， 检测电路单元检 测内转子位置信号或者相电流信号并送到微处理器。
如图 3所示， 霍尔传感器 23的位置可以做出修改， 即可以安装在控制线路 板 22的上方并靠近控制盒 21的侧壁， 外部器件 3是一块磁片。
本实用新型的原理是： 在控制盒 21里面还设置有传感器， 传感器输出信号 到微处理器， 微处理器与存储器相互连接通信， 微处理器通过 IGBT驱动模块 控制定子组件里面的线圈绕组通电或者断电， 传感器如果受到外部器件的触 发， 传感器输出信号到微处理器更改电机运行参数， 微处理器将更改后的运行 参数存储在存储器里面， 为下次电机重新启动运行提供运行参数， 上述所述的 传感器是磁敏传感器， 它能简单方便更改电机运行的参数且有效保护电机， 且 结构简单，防潮防水，可靠性高。通过传感器可以设置电机的正转和反转信号， 或者是恒转速运行模式和恒力矩运行模式的切换。
如图 5所示， 是一种电子换相电机的运行参数设定方法， 图 5中 hal l代 表霍尔传感器， hal l— cnt代表霍尔传感器输出的电平信号 ， 运行参数设定包 括如下步骤：
A ) 电机通电， 微处理器从存储器读取电机运行参数并驱动电机运转；
B)在电机通电的一段时间 Π内，微处理器检测霍尔传感器的输出电平信号；
C)如果检测霍尔传感器的有电平信号输出，高低电平信号的持续时间大于时 间 T2 ，且在时间 Π内，高低电平信号的转换跳变次数大于 N次，微处理器确认 更改运行参数；如果检测霍尔传感器的电平信号输出 hal l— cnt=0， 继续驱动电 机运行， 不更改运行参数； 又或者检测霍尔传感器的电平信号输出 hal l— cnt 有电压输出， 但信号不稳定， 不符合设定条件， 继续驱动电机运行， 不更改 运行参数。
D)微处理器将更改后的新运行参数存储到存储器里面，为下次电机重新启动 提供运行依据。
时间 Π取值范围在 10秒到 60秒的范围， 时间 T2大于 100毫秒， N大于 等于 3， 所述的电机运行参数是正转和反转信号， 或者是恒转速运行模式信号 和恒力矩运行模式信号。 这样可以有效防止误操作， 减少其他信号干扰， 可靠 性高。 实验中发现： 只要磁片 3离开控制盒 10cm， 就不能完成运行参数设定， 即不能更换转向功能或者恒转速运行模式信号与恒力矩运行模式之间的切换。 实施例二：
本实施例与实施例一不同点如图 6所示， 所述的传感器是光传感器 24， 光传感器 24安装在控制线路板 22的下方， 光传感器 24安装在控制盒外壁的 通孔上， 并且在光传感器 24与通孔的内壁用密封件密封 26密封， 光传感器 24可以是光敏电阻或者红外接收器， 外部器件 4是光发射器， 这种方式不受
内转子电磁干扰， 稳定性更好。 光发射器对光传感器 24照射， 使光强度一定 时间内的多次改变， 光传感器 24将信号输出到微处理器， 微处理器更改电机 运行参数， 微处理器将更改后的运行参数存储在存储器里面， 为下次电机重新 启动运行提供运行参数。
实施例三 ：
本实施例与实施例一不同点如图 7所示， 所述的传感器是压敏传感器 25， 压敏传感器 25安装在控制线路板 22的下方， 压敏传感器 25安装在控制盒外 壁的通孔上， 并且在压敏传感器 25与通孔的内壁用密封件密封 26密封， 压敏 传感器 25可以是压敏电阻， 外部器件 5是人的手指按压， 这种方式不受内转 子电磁干扰， 稳定性更好。 压敏传感器 25在一定时间内记录手指按压次数作 为触发条件， 压敏传感器 25将信号输出到微处理器， 微处理器更改电机运行 参数， 微处理器将更改后的运行参数存储在存储器里面， 为下次电机重新启动 运行提供运行参数。 实施例四：
本实施例与实施例一不同点如图 8所示， 它是一个外转子电子换相电机， 包括电机实体 1和电机控制器 2， 其中电机实体包括底座 14、 定子组件 13和 外转子组件 15， 定子组件 13安装在底座 14外面， 外转子组件 15套在定子组 件 13外面， 电机控制器 2包括控制盒 21和安装在控制盒里面的控制线路板 22， 其中控制线路板 22上设置微处理器、 存储器、 IGBT驱动模块， 在控制盒 21里面还设置有传感器， 传感器输出信号到微处理器， 微处理器与存储器相 互连接通信，微处理器通过 IGBT驱动模块控制定子组件 13里面的线圈绕组通 电或者断电， 传感器如果受到外部器件 3的触发， 传感器输出信号到微处理器
更改电机运行参数， 微处理器将更改后的运行参数存储在存储器里面， 为下次 电机重新启动运行提供运行参数。所述的传感器是磁敏传感器， 所述的磁敏传 感器是霍尔传感器 23， 所述的控制盒 21安装在底座 14底部， 控制线路板 22 安装在控制盒 21的底部， 霍尔传感器 23安装在控制线路板的下方， 外部器件 3是一块磁片， 这种方式， 霍尔传感器 23远离电机定子绕组 13或永磁外转子 15 , 防止电机磁场对传感器的干扰， 稳定性更好。所述的电机运行参数是正转 和反转信号， 或者是恒转速运行模式信号和恒力矩运行模式信号、或者是输入 电压信号， 或者是额定力矩信号， 或者是转速信号。 控制线路板上还设置电源 电路和检测电路单元， 电源电路为各部分电路供电， 检测电路单元检测内转子 位置信号或者相电流信号并送到微处理器。
当然， 霍尔传感器 23还可以安装在控制线路板 22的上方并靠近控制盒 21的侧壁。
结合实施例二也可以联想到， 在本实施例中可以做出修改： 将传感器更改 为光传感器， 光传感器安装在控制线路板 22的下方， 光传感器安装在控制盒 外壁的通孔上， 并且在光传感器与通孔的内壁用密封件密封密封， 光传感器可 以是光敏电阻或者红外接收器， 外部器件是光发射器， 这种方式不受内转子电 磁干扰， 稳定性更好。 光发射器对光传感器照射， 使光强度一定时间内的多次 改变， 光传感器将信号输出到微处理器， 微处理器更改电机运行参数， 微处理 器将更改后的运行参数存储在存储器里面，为下次电机重新启动运行提供运行 参数。
结合实施例三也可以联想到， 在本实施例中可以做出修改： 将传感器更改 为压敏传感器， 压敏传感器安装在控制线路板 22的下方， 压敏传感器安装在 控制盒外壁的通孔上， 并且在压敏传感器与通孔的内壁用密封件密封密封， 压
敏传感器可以是压敏电阻， 外部器件是人的手指按压， 这种方式不受内转子电 磁干扰， 稳定性更好。压敏传感器在一定时间内记录手指按压次数作为触发条 件， 压敏传感器将信号输出到微处理器， 微处理器更改电机运行参数， 微处理 器将更改后的运行参数存储在存储器里面，为下次电机重新启动运行提供运行 参数。
Claims
1、 一种电子换相电机， 包括电机实体和电机控制器， 其中电机实体主要 包括定子组件和转子组件， 电机控制器包括控制盒和安装在控制盒里面的控制 线路板， 其中控制线路板上设置微处理器、 存储器、 IGBT驱动模块， 其特征 在于： 在控制盒里面或者在控制盒外壁设置有传感器， 传感器输出信号到微处 理器， 微处理器与存储器相互连接通信， 微处理器通过 IGBT驱动模块控制定 子组件里面的线圈绕组通电或者断电。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种电子换相电机， 其特征在于： 所述的电机 实体还包括外壳， 转子组件是内转子组件， 定子组件和内转子组件安装在外壳 里面。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的一种电子换相电机， 其特征在于： 所述的传感 器是磁敏传感器或者是光传感器， 或者是压敏传感器， 传感器如果受到外部器 件的触发， 传感器输出信号到微处理器更改电机运行参数， 微处理器将更改后 的运行参数存储在存储器里面， 为下次电机重新启动运行提供运行参数。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的一种电子换相电机， 其特征在于： 所述的磁敏 传感器是霍尔传感器， 所述的控制盒安装在外壳底部， 控制线路板安装在控制 盒的底部， 霍尔传感器安装在控制线路板的下方， 外部器件是一块磁片。
5、 根据权利要求 3所述的一种电子换相电机， 其特征在于： 所述的磁敏 传感器是霍尔传感器， 所述的控制盒安装在外壳底部， 控制线路板安装在控制 盒的底部， 霍尔传感器安装在控制线路板的上方并靠近控制盒的侧壁， 外部器 件是一块磁片。
6、 根据权利要求 3所述的一种电子换相电机， 其特征在于： 所述的光传 感器安装在控制盒外壁的通孔上，并且在红外接收器与通孔的内壁用密封件密
封。
7、 根据权利要求 1或 2或 3或 4或 5或 6所述的一种电子换相电机， 其 特征在于： 控制线路板上还设置电源电路和检测电路单元， 电源电路为各部分 电路供电， 检测电路单元检测内转子位置信号或者相电流信号并送到微处理 器。
8、 根据权利要求 2所述的一种电子换相电机， 其特征在于： 压敏传感器 安装在控制盒外壁的通孔上， 并且在压敏传感器与通孔的内壁用密封件密封。
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种电子换相电机， 其特征在于： 所述的电机 实体还包括底座， 转子组件是外转子组件， 定子组件安装在底座外面， 外转子 组件套在定子组件外面， 所述的传感器是磁敏传感器或者是光传感器， 或者是 压敏传感器， 传感器如果受到外部器件的触发， 传感器输出信号到微处理器更 改电机运行参数， 微处理器将更改后的运行参数存储在存储器里面， 为下次电 机重新启动运行提供运行参数。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的一种电子换相电机， 其特征在于： 所述的磁敏 传感器是霍尔传感器， 所述的控制盒安装在底座底部， 控制线路板安装在控制 盒的底部， 霍尔传感器安装在控制线路板的下方， 外部器件是一块磁片。
11、 根据权利要求 9所述的一种电子换相电机， 其特征在于： 所述的磁敏 传感器是霍尔传感器， 所述的控制盒安装在底座底部， 控制线路板安装在控制 盒的底部， 霍尔传感器安装在控制线路板的上方并靠近控制盒的侧壁， 外部器 件是一块磁片。
12、 根据权利要求 9所述的一种电子换相电机， 其特征在于： 所述的光传 感器安装在控制盒外壁的通孔上，并且在红外接收器与通孔的内壁用密封件密 封。
13、 根据权利要求 9所述的一种电子换相电机， 其特征在于： 压敏传感器 安装在控制盒外壁的通孔上， 并且在压敏传感器与通孔的内壁用密封件密封。
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| CN2879529Y (zh) * | 2005-11-30 | 2007-03-14 | 协记精密工业股份有限公司 | 通用型低耗能吊扇控制器 |
| CN2938549Y (zh) * | 2006-08-28 | 2007-08-22 | 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 | 一种直流无刷电机系统 |
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| CN1409888A (zh) * | 1999-10-08 | 2003-04-09 | 美蓓亚株式会社 | 外转子无刷直流电动机 |
| CN2879529Y (zh) * | 2005-11-30 | 2007-03-14 | 协记精密工业股份有限公司 | 通用型低耗能吊扇控制器 |
| CN2938549Y (zh) * | 2006-08-28 | 2007-08-22 | 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 | 一种直流无刷电机系统 |
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