WO2014182184A1 - Method of constructing passive foundations that reduce heat loss of a building, as well as the costs and consumption of materials - Google Patents
Method of constructing passive foundations that reduce heat loss of a building, as well as the costs and consumption of materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014182184A1 WO2014182184A1 PCT/PL2014/000049 PL2014000049W WO2014182184A1 WO 2014182184 A1 WO2014182184 A1 WO 2014182184A1 PL 2014000049 W PL2014000049 W PL 2014000049W WO 2014182184 A1 WO2014182184 A1 WO 2014182184A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- walls
- foundations
- foundation
- building
- insulation
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000283984 Rodentia Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009439 industrial construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 aquastyr Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/7654—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising an insulating layer, disposed between two longitudinal supporting elements, e.g. to insulate ceilings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/16—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
- E04B1/165—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material with elongated load-supporting parts, cast in situ
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/7675—Insulating linings for the interior face of exterior walls
Definitions
- the method of the construction of passive foundation and, in particular, of connecting them with walls is characterised in that in order to improve the thermal insulation so as to limit the heat losses for a building or to simplify the structure or to reduce the building costs, the surface of the foundations or the contact surface of building materials/structural foundations (2) and building materials/structural walls (3) is purposefully reduced i.e. by being partly replaced with a column structure (made i.e. of reinforced concrete) (6) and partly with horizontal thermal insulation (7), whereas thermal insulation, which is an important objective of this operation, is placed under the walls of the building or between the foundation and the walls in places where the continuity of the foundations (walls) is limited/interrupted (between the columns). Horizontal insulation is therefore located under a considerable part of the walls, except for the surface of the poles.
- the transfer of heat between the building materials (e.g. brick, concrete, foundation blocks, etc.) of the foundations and walls (of the building) largely depends on the surface area through which heat can flow to the ground.
- the contact surface of the foundations and walls is generally approx. 20-50 cm wide; this relates only to the contact surface of building materials i.e. concrete or bricks, not the entire wall with the insulation).
- the present solution is to reduce the area of the contact surface and replace it partly with horizontal insulation and partly with load-bearing column structure i.e. continuous footing, or possibly with a different type of structure that would reduce the area of the cross-sections of the foundations or the walls to reduce heat transfer.
- a method of insulating foundations from the bottom is also known - application No. 390772 to the Patent Office of the Republic of Poland "Stay-in-place formwork, especially for foundation footings and walls, which simultaneously acts as thermal and damp-proof insulation that insulates the foundation particularly from the bottom, made of extruded polystyrene (XPS)".
- XPS extruded polystyrene
- a column structure is also known, although walls, including foundation walls, are usually made of concrete, bricks, blocks or other building materials with weak insulation parameters that enable the continuity of heat conduction from the building through the foundations of the ground, and therefore there is no critical horizontal thermal insulation between the foundations and walls. Additionally, these structures are designed for simplicity, not to reduce heat transfer.
- the technique of micropiling also does not interrupt the continuity.
- the differences involve the part of the foundation which is buried in the ground - not the plinth nor the method of insulation of the walls or foundations.
- the advantages can be divided into those resulting from the reduction of heat transferred through the walls and foundations to the ground, and the technical and economic advantages due to the simplification of the house-building process.
- the structure of a building is characterised by the continuity of its structural elements (especially foundations and walls of the building), since these structural elements (bricks, blocks, concrete) are very inefficient as thermal insulators. Walls are laid directly on the foundation (setting aside the issue of damp-proof insulation), which results in a large area of heat transfer between the walls and foundations, and in turn with the ground. In the present solution, this surface is very significantly reduced, as typical foundations traditionally extending along the entire circumference of the house and under other structural walls have been replaced with reinforced-concrete column structure (or walls with smaller sections or walls not extending along the entire length of the foundations but only as spots/sections).
- the columns may be of any shape, including oblong or turning shapes (at corners), depending on the shape/course of the foundations (it can include foundation walls with reduced surface/cross-section areas).
- the reduction of the surface area of the foundations (replacing walls with columns) is a very significant advantage, since the heat loss through the foundations is reduced by a factor of a few, a dozen or several dozens.
- a weigh of an example house of 150 tons can be transferred by columns with an area of 0.1 m 2 , i.e. by 4 columns with dimensions of 10/25 cm.
- the contact area of the foundations and the walls depends on the length of the foundations, which often exceeds 50 m (single-family detached house) and the width along which the walls are based on the foundations - i.e. 25 cm - which gives an area of 12.5 m 2 .
- This value is more than a hundred times greater than that obtained from the calculations for the columns and heat transfer is generally proportional to that surface. Due to structural reasons, for most buildings it is necessary/reasonable to place more columns/supports than the said 4, however the heat loss reduction factor can still be in the range of several dozen.
- the simplified construction of the foundations in particular the reduction of the costs and shortening the time constructing and insulating foundation walls is an additional advantage.
- the entire foundation wall should be made of solid materials (blocks or concrete) and should be thermally insulated (polystyrene, aquastyr, XPS), and, in the case of low-energy and passive houses, this insulation should be located on both sides of the foundation, and damp-proof insulation or other items such as dimplet membrane should be additionally taken into account.
- the need to use all these items can be eliminated or greatly reduced - to as little as is needed for the surface of the poles, with an area several dozen times lower.
- the economic, technical, organisational and time-related benefits are substantial.
- the proposed solution is primarily used in the construction of low-energy and passive single- family detached houses, as well as in the construction of other forms of single-family houses, and in traditional, multi-family, industrial, warehouse, residential, office, resort, skeleton construction and other sectors of the construction industry.
- the method of the construction of passive foundation or of connecting them with walls is characterised in that in order in order to improve the thermal insulation so as to limit the heat losses for a building or to simplify the structure or to reduce the building costs, the surface of the foundations or the contact surface of building materials/structural foundations (2) and building materials/structural walls (3) is purposefully reduced i.e. by being partly replaced with a column structure (made i.e. of reinforced concrete) (6) and partly with horizontal thermal insulation (7), whereas thermal insulation, which is an important objective of this operation, is placed under the walls of the building or between the foundation and the walls in places where the continuity of the foundations (walls) is limited/interrupted (between the columns). Horizontal insulation is therefore located under a considerable part of the walls, except for the surface of the poles.
- the horizontal insulation or the reduction of the surface area of the walls may be made at different heights, in particular under the building wall, but also between the continuous footing and the foundation wall, at the height of the foundation wall or the height of the building wall.
- the method in variant 1 it is possible to completely eliminate the foundation walls and consequently their insulation and cover, and to replace the walls with a column/skeleton structure laid i.e. on continuous footing, or to reduce the amount of foundation walls, i.e. by lowering their height.
- foundation walls are replaced with only thermal insulation or other type of partition (metal sheet or mesh, precast elements) in order to reduce the transfer of heat or the amount of rodents penetrating into the area under the floor.
- the skeletal structure can be replaced with walls whose cross-sections are smaller, or with walls not extending along the entire length foundation but placed only as spots/sections. It is a matter of nomenclature whether these structures are defined as columns or walls.
- the method in variant 1 can include additional reinforcements, in particular to improve the resistance to bending of the column structure.
- the method in variant 1 it is preferable for the method in variant 1 that it can be used in connection with buildings and foundations of any shape.
- the foundation can be of any kind i.e. as spots under the columns, without having to lay continuous footing.
- the solution can be used for a variety of structures in the construction industry, i.e. in skeletal, metal, wood structures, or other light structures, or in industrial construction.
- the structure of the foundations can be made of all sorts of materials including i.e. steel.
- the cross-sections of columns or foundation walls can be of various shapes at different heights (e.g., can be conical or stepped), for example with a larger cross-section at the bottom of the column (area of contact with the footing) to provide better stability, and with a smaller cross-section at the top to transfer less heat or lower the costs of manufacturing.
- Fig. 1 shows examples of the solutions used so far, where the wall of a building (3) is placed on a foundation (2), which is placed on a foundation footing (1). There may also be a thin layer of damp-proof insulation between these elements, but it was not added to the figure as it is irrelevant in this case.
- the continuity of the wall (3), foundation (2) and foundation footing (1), which is in contact with the ground causes the loss of large amounts of heat, which is transferred to the ground.
- FIG. 2 An example of the implementation of the foundations as presented in this application is shown in Fig. 2, which includes foundation footing (1), but above it there is a pillar structure (6), which transfers onto the foundation the load of the entire building, including the walls (3), which include horizontal insulation to prevent the heat from flowing into the ground. The heat is transferred through the column (6) out of the building and in the direction of the foundations and the ground. This surface, however, is many times less than the heat transfer surface of a typical foundation.
- the horizontal insulation (7) between the wall and the foundation (especially directly against the wall) is of key importance, whereas in the case of the column structure the existing foundation wall can be replaced with any filling (8) i.e.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL14729474T PL3004468T3 (en) | 2013-05-06 | 2014-05-06 | Method of constructing passive foundations that reduce heat loss of a building, as well as the costs and consumption of materials |
EP14729474.8A EP3004468B1 (en) | 2013-05-06 | 2014-05-06 | Method of constructing passive foundations that reduce heat loss of a building, as well as the costs and consumption of materials |
ES14729474.8T ES2651365T3 (en) | 2013-05-06 | 2014-05-06 | Method of construction of passive foundations that reduce the heat loss of a building, as well as the costs and consumption of materials |
EA201592112A EA201592112A1 (en) | 2013-05-06 | 2014-05-06 | METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION OF ENERGY EFFICIENT FOUNDATIONS THAT REDUCE THE HEAT LOSSES OF THE BUILDING, AND ALSO THE COST AND EXPENSE OF MATERIALS |
US14/889,050 US20160083959A1 (en) | 2013-05-06 | 2014-05-06 | Method of constructing passive that reduce heat loss of a building, as well as the costs and consumption of materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PLP.403772 | 2013-05-06 | ||
PL403772A PL403772A1 (en) | 2013-05-06 | 2013-05-06 | Method for constructing passive foundations, limiting heat loss from the building, use of materials and the cost of implementing |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2014182184A1 true WO2014182184A1 (en) | 2014-11-13 |
Family
ID=50928208
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/PL2014/000049 WO2014182184A1 (en) | 2013-05-06 | 2014-05-06 | Method of constructing passive foundations that reduce heat loss of a building, as well as the costs and consumption of materials |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20160083959A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3004468B1 (en) |
EA (1) | EA201592112A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2651365T3 (en) |
HU (1) | HUE035369T2 (en) |
PL (2) | PL403772A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014182184A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
PL421973A1 (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2019-01-02 | Stachoń Cezary | Method for erecting a building walls, method for erecting a building, a building wall and the building |
JP6889077B2 (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2021-06-18 | トヨタホーム株式会社 | Insulation foundation structure and its construction method |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4524553A (en) * | 1983-05-19 | 1985-06-25 | Hacker John H | Thermal insulated building slab |
US20050262786A1 (en) * | 2002-03-06 | 2005-12-01 | Messenger Harold G | Concrete foundation wall with a low density core and carbon fiber and steel reinforcement |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7530203B1 (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2009-05-12 | Swa Holding Company, Inc. | Pre-cast concrete wall with truss ledge |
US8429876B2 (en) * | 2009-08-27 | 2013-04-30 | Eugenio Santiago Aburto | Concrete rib construction method |
-
2013
- 2013-05-06 PL PL403772A patent/PL403772A1/en unknown
-
2014
- 2014-05-06 WO PCT/PL2014/000049 patent/WO2014182184A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-05-06 ES ES14729474.8T patent/ES2651365T3/en active Active
- 2014-05-06 HU HUE14729474A patent/HUE035369T2/en unknown
- 2014-05-06 EP EP14729474.8A patent/EP3004468B1/en active Active
- 2014-05-06 PL PL14729474T patent/PL3004468T3/en unknown
- 2014-05-06 EA EA201592112A patent/EA201592112A1/en unknown
- 2014-05-06 US US14/889,050 patent/US20160083959A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4524553A (en) * | 1983-05-19 | 1985-06-25 | Hacker John H | Thermal insulated building slab |
US20050262786A1 (en) * | 2002-03-06 | 2005-12-01 | Messenger Harold G | Concrete foundation wall with a low density core and carbon fiber and steel reinforcement |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PL3004468T3 (en) | 2018-02-28 |
HUE035369T2 (en) | 2018-05-02 |
ES2651365T3 (en) | 2018-01-25 |
EP3004468B1 (en) | 2017-09-13 |
EA201592112A1 (en) | 2016-03-31 |
EP3004468A1 (en) | 2016-04-13 |
PL403772A1 (en) | 2014-11-10 |
US20160083959A1 (en) | 2016-03-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7913469B2 (en) | Concrete load-bearing wall with compound heat-insulating layer | |
CN206693432U (en) | Fabricated shear wall and fabric structure | |
CN105178427B (en) | Method for integrally forming and building houses | |
CN104878836B (en) | A kind of prefabricated house and its construction method | |
KR100539333B1 (en) | Drain board structure for under ground basement | |
CN105971175A (en) | Hollow laminated floor slab | |
EP3004468B1 (en) | Method of constructing passive foundations that reduce heat loss of a building, as well as the costs and consumption of materials | |
CN109339479B (en) | Internal replacement structure and method for existing reinforced concrete building | |
CN110259237A (en) | Assembling frame posture horizontal warehouse, prefabricated panel mold and horizontal warehouse method of construction | |
CN206957042U (en) | Light composite heat insulation outer wall plate and particular manufacturing craft | |
CN109914667A (en) | A kind of overlapping prefabricated hollow floor and preparation method thereof | |
CN112962845A (en) | Novel assembled steel plate concrete hollow floor and horizontal production | |
CN217975039U (en) | Interlayer connecting system for prefabricated sandwich heat-insulation load-bearing wall boards | |
EP2241690B1 (en) | Insulated foundation element for mounting on precast base foundation | |
CN203462576U (en) | Steel structure concrete building house | |
JP5508566B2 (en) | Construction method of concrete container house | |
CN103015563B (en) | Outer-block inner-masonry building structure system | |
CN101818584A (en) | Heat preservation, lightning protection and earthquake proofing house | |
KR200380424Y1 (en) | Drain board structure for under ground basement | |
CN107605101A (en) | A kind of heat-preserving load-bearing one steel concrete combined special-shaped column and its construction method | |
CN204343487U (en) | A kind of cast-in-situ thermal-insulated bearing wall | |
KR101457070B1 (en) | Precast concrete slab of Inver-Teed Rib | |
CN204059943U (en) | A kind of formwork for placing structure of non-standard layers structure | |
CN103758255B (en) | A kind of decorative heat preservation composite wall and preparation method thereof | |
CN102162286A (en) | Concrete multi-columned gypsum composite external wall panel |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 14729474 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 14889050 Country of ref document: US |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 201592112 Country of ref document: EA |
|
REEP | Request for entry into the european phase |
Ref document number: 2014729474 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2014729474 Country of ref document: EP |