WO2014169550A1

WO2014169550A1 - Electrocardiograph signal collecting device and collecting method

Info

Publication number: WO2014169550A1
Application number: PCT/CN2013/082024
Authority: WO
Inventors: 尹鹏; 李尔松; 邹海涛
Original assignee: 深圳市科曼医疗设备有限公司
Priority date: 2013-04-17
Filing date: 2013-08-22
Publication date: 2014-10-23
Also published as: CN103239222A

Abstract

An electrocardiograph signal collecting device (10) comprising: an electrocardiograph lead (102) used for leading in an electrocardiograph signal detected; a pre-integration module (108) used for processing such as matching, amplification, pacing detection, lead detachment, and analog/digital conversion of the electrocardiograph signal; and, a master control module (110) used for controlling the pre-integration module (108) and for digital filtration and characteristic point identification of the electrocardiograph signal on the basis of a processing signal of the pre-integration module (108). The pre-integration module (108) is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Also disclosed is a corresponding electrocardiograph signal collecting method.

Description

ECG signal acquisition device and acquisition method

[Technical Field]

The invention relates to an apparatus and an acquisition method for an electrocardiogram signal. In particular, the invention relates to an apparatus and an acquisition method for an electrocardiogram signal using an ASIC-specific integrated circuit.

【Background technique】

An electrocardiogram is one of the most important bioelectrical information in the human body. The ECG signal is a periodic electrophysiological signal that is transmitted to the body surface through human tissue to produce a potential difference in the body surface. Clinically, various instruments and devices can be used to measure and plot the potential difference generated by the body surface to form an electrocardiogram. The ECG signal measurement method of the body surface usually adopts an electrode attached to a specific position of the body surface to obtain a weak ECG signal, and sends the weak ECG signal to the ECG pretreatment circuit through the ECG lead wire for processing. It is digitally converted into digital signal by A/D and sent to the MCU. The MCU performs the identification and processing of the ECG feature points. Finally, the processed and identified ECG signals are transmitted to the host computer for display.

The traditional ECG acquisition system and device use discrete components to collect ECG signals, including pre-stage protection circuit, electric knife suppression circuit, front-end impedance matching circuit, lead-off recognition circuit, main amplification circuit, and pacing. Detection circuit, high-pass filter circuit, secondary amplifier circuit, low-pass filter circuit, right leg drive circuit, A/D conversion circuit and MCU circuit . Due to the use of discrete components, the inevitable use of a large number of components such as integrated circuits, resistors and capacitors, resulting in the device's large size, high power consumption, low complexity and low design, due to integrated circuits, The individual differences of resistance and capacitance components cause differences in the parameters and indicators of each lead of the ECG (typically common mode rejection ratio, input impedance, etc.), and the difference in resistance and capacitance is too large, which may easily cause the front-end filter circuit. The change of the filtering characteristics filters out the useful signal of the electrocardiogram and loses the diagnostic value of the ECG signal.

[Summary of the Invention]

In view of this, it is necessary to provide an ECG signal acquisition device with higher precision and signal to noise ratio.

In addition, it is necessary to provide a corresponding ECG signal acquisition method.

An ECG signal acquisition device includes:

An ECG lead for introducing the detected ECG signal;

a front integration module, configured to perform impedance matching, amplification, pacing detection, lead-off, and analog/digital conversion on the ECG signal;

a main control module, configured to control the pre-integrated module, and perform digital filtering and feature point recognition on the ECG signal according to the processing signal of the pre-integrated module;

The feature is that the pre-integrated module is an application specific integrated circuit ASIC.

The pre-integration module includes:

An impedance matching unit configured to impedance-match the intra-source impedance of the ECG signal with a subsequent circuit load impedance;

And an amplifying unit, configured to amplify the ECG signal matched by the impedance matching unit.

The pre-integration module includes a pacing detection unit configured to perform pacing detection processing on the electrocardiographic signal, and provide a pacing detection signal to the main control module according to the pacing detection process.

The pre-integration module includes a lead-off detection unit for performing lead-off detection on the electrocardiographic signal, and providing a lead-off detection signal to the main control module according to the lead-off detection processing.

The digital filtering includes low pass filtering processing, high pass filtering processing, and/or 50/60 Hz notch processing.

An ECG signal acquisition method includes:

Initializing the pre-integrated module and its registers;

Receiving an ECG signal;

Performing impedance matching, amplification, pacing detection, lead-off, and analog-to-digital conversion on the ECG signal by using the pre-integrated module;

Performing digital filtering and feature point recognition on the ECG signal according to the processing of the pre-integration module;

The step of performing impedance matching, amplification, pacing detection, lead-off, and analog-to-digital conversion on the ECG signal by the pre-integrated module includes:

And impedance matching the source internal impedance of the ECG signal with a subsequent circuit load impedance;

Amplifying the ECG signal matched by the impedance matching unit.

The step of performing amplification, pacing detection, lead-off, and analog/digital conversion on the electrocardiographic signal by the pre-integration module further includes: performing pacing detection processing on the electrocardiographic signal, and A pacing detection signal is generated according to the pacing detection process.

The step of performing amplification, pacing detection, lead-off, and analog-to-digital conversion on the ECG signal by the pre-integration module further includes: performing lead-off detection on the ECG signal, and A lead-off detection signal is generated according to the lead-off detection processing.

The ECG signal collecting device and the collecting method of the invention replace the traditional components by the integrated dedicated integrated circuit, thereby reducing the volume of the ECG signal collecting device, reducing the power consumption of the system, and also reducing the design cost of the system. . In addition, the ECG signal collecting device of the present invention adopts a digital filtering filtering interference method to increase the reliability and flexibility of the system design, and avoids the distortion of the ECG signal caused by the inconsistent filtering characteristics caused by the difference of the resistance and the capacitance.

[Description of the Drawings]

1 is a block diagram showing the structure of an electrocardiographic signal acquisition apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the electrospin suppression module 106 shown in FIG. 1;

3 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a pre-integration module 108 shown in FIG. 1;

4 is a flow chart of an ECG signal acquisition method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

【detailed description】

As shown in FIG. 1 , an ECG signal collecting device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an ECG lead 102 , a protection module 104 , an electrosurgical suppression module 106 , a pre-integration module 108 , a main control module 110 , and an interface module 112 . And a power module 114.

The ECG lead 102 is connected to an electrode connected to the body surface to be detected to introduce an electrocardiographic signal detected by the body surface to the ECG signal collecting device 10 for subsequent processing.

The protection module 104 is connected to the ECG lead 102 for removing the high voltage portion of the ECG signal introduced by the ECG lead 102 so as to prevent the high voltage signal from being introduced into the subsequent module to cause damage to the subsequent circuit. One possibility is that when defibrillation is performed on the object to be detected, the object to be detected will introduce a high voltage, and the protection module 104 is required to perform protection other than high voltage. In an alternative embodiment, the protection module 104 can be a combined circuit composed of gas discharge tubes.

The electrosurgical suppression module 106 is connected to the protection module 104 for filtering high frequency clutter caused by the influence of other surgical equipment such as an electric knife on the electrocardiographic signal in the collected electrocardiographic signals. 2 is a circuit diagram of an electrospin suppression module 106 in an embodiment. In this embodiment, the electrospin suppression module 106 includes a two-stage RC filter circuit in which the resistance values of R1 and R2, and the capacitance values of C1 and C2 are set to suit the waveform characteristics of the electrosurgical high frequency signal. In other optional embodiments, the electrospin suppression module 106 can also be other filtering methods adapted to the high frequency characteristics of the electrosurgical knife.

The pre-integration module 108 is connected to the electrosurgical suppression module 106 for removing the high-voltage, electrosurgical suppression module 106 from the protection module 104 to filter out the high-frequency electrocardiographic signal for amplification, pacing detection, lead-off, and / Processing such as number conversion, and the generated digital signal is supplied to the main control module 110. The pre-integration module 108 is an application specific integrated circuit ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), the pre-integration module 108 simultaneously accepts command control from the main control module 110 through a dedicated interface.

As shown in FIG. 3, the pre-integration module 08 of an embodiment includes an impedance matching unit 302, a right leg driving unit 304, a main amplifying unit 306, a pacing detecting unit 308, a lead-off detecting unit 310, and a secondary amplifying unit. 312 and analog to digital conversion unit 314.

The impedance matching unit 302 is connected to the electrosurgical suppression module 106 for performing impedance matching according to the intra-source impedance of the electrocardiographic signal and the subsequent circuit load impedance, so that the load impedance of the electrocardiographic signal is matched. The impedance-matching unit 302 matches the buffered ECG signal to the right leg driving unit 304 and the main amplifying unit 306. The right leg driving unit 304 sends back the received ECG signal to the object to be detected, generally the right leg, so that the power frequency interference caused by the object to be detected as the interference signal receiving source can be eliminated. The main amplifying unit 306 is configured to perform main amplification on the impedance-matched ECG signal. The main electrocardiographic signals that have undergone the main amplification by the main amplification unit 306 are sent to the pacing detection unit 308, the lead-off detection unit 310, and the secondary amplification unit 312, respectively, in three ways. The pacing detection unit 308 is configured to detect a pacing characteristic in the electrocardiographic signal, and the lead-off detection unit 310 is configured to detect whether the ECG lead 102 is detached from the object to be detected. The secondary amplification unit 312 is configured to perform secondary amplification on the main amplified electrocardiographic signal. The electrocardiographic signals processed by the pacing detection unit 308, the lead-off detection unit 310, and the secondary amplification unit 312 are all converted into digital signals by the analog/digital conversion unit 314 and then supplied to the main control module 110.

The main control module 110 communicates with the pre-integration module 108 via a dedicated interface for controlling the operation of the pre-integration module 108 and reading signals processed by the pre-integration module 108, including digitized pacing detection signals. The lead-off detection signal, the amplified ECG signal, and the like. In an alternative embodiment, the dedicated interface can be a serial peripheral interface (SPI, Serial) Peripheral Interface).

The main control module 110 is configured to perform pacing detection processing, lead-off detection processing, and feature point recognition of the ECG signal on the read pacing detection signal, the lead-off detection signal, and the electrocardiographic signal, respectively, and process the processed The completed data is sent to the host computer through the interface module 112 for display. For example, the main control module 110 determines whether a lead-off occurs due to the lead-off detection signal, and transmits a lead-off flag signal when it is determined that the lead-off occurs, and sends it out through the interface module 112 for display.

The main control module 110 is further configured to perform filtering processing on the ECG signal. Optionally, the filtering process of the ECG signal by the main control module 110 mainly includes a low pass filtering process, a high pass filtering process, and a 50/60 Hz notch process. In an optional implementation manner, the low pass filtering may use a 2nd order Butterworth filter for filtering with a cutoff frequency of 20HZ, 40HZ, and 150HZ; the high pass filter may be a 2nd order Chebyshev filter for 0.05. Filtering of HZ, 0.5HZ, and 1HZ; the 50/60HZ notch is used to better eliminate Gibbs oscillation after filtering, and by way of example, the notch processing can be performed using comb filtering.

For example, the main control module 110 may determine whether a pacing state occurs according to the pacing detection signal, and perform corresponding de-pacing signal processing on the electrocardiographic signal when it is determined that a pacing state occurs. For example, the main control module 110 further performs identification of the QRS wave, the ST segment, and the arrhythmia on the ECG signal by a differential threshold method, a wavelet transform method, a neural network identification method, a template matching method, or the like.

The power module 114 is configured to provide power to the pre-integrated module 108, the main control module 110, and the like.

The working principle of the ECG signal collecting device 10 is to first initialize the main control module 110 and each peripheral resource after power-on, and the main control module 110 initializes the pre-integration through the dedicated interface, such as the SPI bus. The internal registers of module 108. In an optional embodiment, the internal register includes a register for ECG lead, pacing detection, lead-off detection, and the like. After the initialization is completed, the main control module 110 waits for the pre-integration module 108 to return handshake data. Then, the main control module 110 starts timing to receive the data packet sent by the pre-integration module 108. For example, the data packet may include electrocardiographic data, pacing status data, lead-off status data, and the like. The main control module 110 determines whether there is lead dropout and pacing state data according to the data of the data packet. If it is determined that the lead is detached, the main control module 110 generates and sends a lead-off flag; if it is determined that there is a pacing state, the main control module 110 performs a pacing signal processing on the received ECG signal, and After the processing is completed, the filtering of the ECG signal and the identification of the feature points are performed, and finally the processed data is transmitted and provided to the host computer for display by the interface module 112.

According to the ECG signal collecting device of the above embodiment of the present invention, the integrated ASIC is used to replace the traditional component, the volume of the ECG signal collecting device is reduced, the power consumption of the system is reduced, and the system can also be reduced. Design cost. Experiments have shown that the module volume, power consumption and cost of the ECG signal acquisition device according to the above embodiment of the present invention can be reduced by 1/2, 2/5 and 1/3, respectively. With the electrocardiographic signal acquisition device of the above embodiment of the present invention, miniaturization and portability of ECG signal acquisition are made possible. At the same time, because the integrated ECG signal acquisition device reduces the use of integrated circuits, resistors and capacitors, the consistency of the ECG parameters of each lead is improved. In addition, the ECG signal collecting device of the present invention uses a digital filter to filter out interference, which increases the reliability and flexibility of the system design, and avoids the distortion of the ECG signal caused by the inconsistent filter characteristics caused by the difference in resistance and capacitance.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of an ECG signal acquisition method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The ECG signal acquisition method is described below with reference to the ECG signal acquisition device shown in FIG. 1 , and the ECG signal acquisition method is described. include:

Step 402: Initialize each peripheral of the main control module 110 and the main control module 110.

In step 404, the main control module 110 sends an initialization command to the pre-integration module 108 to initialize the pre-integration module 108. For example, the process of initializing the pre-integration module 108 includes initializing an internal impedance matching unit 302, a right leg driving unit 304, a main amplifying unit 306, a pacing detecting unit 308, a lead-off detecting unit 310, and a secondary amplification. Unit 312 and the like.

Step 406, waiting to receive the handshake data of the pre-integration module 108.

Step 408: Determine, according to the handshake data returned by the pre-integration module 108, whether the pre-integration module is normally started. If not activated normally, the main control module 110 reconfigures the initial data and sends initial data to the pre-integration module 108 to initialize the pre-integration module 108.

In step 410, the ECG lead 102 receives an ECG signal of the object to be detected.

Step 412, the protection module 104 performs protection processing on the electrocardiographic signal, and the electrosurgical suppression module 106 performs an electric knife suppression process on the electrocardiographic signal. The protection process is used to remove the high voltage portion of the introduced ECG signal so that the high voltage signal therein is not introduced into the subsequent module causing damage to subsequent circuits. One possibility is that when defibrillation is performed on the object to be detected, the object to be detected will introduce a high voltage, and the protection process is required to perform protection other than high voltage. The electrosurgical suppression process is used to filter high frequency clutter caused by the influence of other surgical equipment such as an electric knife on the electrocardiographic signal in the collected electrocardiographic signals.

In step 414, the pre-integration module 108 performs pre-processing on the ECG signal. Illustratively, the pre-processing includes impedance matching, amplification, pacing detection, lead-off detection, analog to digital conversion, and the like. The front integrated module is an application specific integrated circuit ASIC (Application) Specific Integrated Circuit).

In step 416, the main control module 110 determines whether the ECG lead 102 is detached according to the lead-off detection signal processed by the pre-integration module 108.

Step 418: If the main control module 110 determines in step 416 that the ECG lead 102 is detached, the ECG lead-off status flag is sent and provided to the host computer for display by the interface module 112.

Step 420: If the judgment result of the main control module 110 determines that the ECG lead 102 has not fallen off, determine whether there is a pacing state according to the pacing state signal processed by the pre-integration module 108.

Step 422: If the main control module 110 determines in the determination result of step 416 that there is a pacing state, the pacing flag is set, and the pacing signal processing is performed on the ECG signal.

In step 424, the main control module 110 filters the ECG signals and identifies the feature points, and generates feature data. Optionally, the filtering process mainly includes low-pass filtering processing, high-pass filtering processing, and 50/60 Hz notch processing. In an optional implementation manner, the low pass filtering may use a 2nd order Butterworth filter for filtering with a cutoff frequency of 20HZ, 40HZ, and 150HZ; the high pass filter may be a 2nd order Chebyshev filter for 0.05. Filtering of HZ, 0.5HZ, and 1HZ; the 50/60HZ notch is used to better eliminate Gibbs oscillation after filtering, and by way of example, the notch processing can be performed using comb filtering. For example, the feature point recognition identifies the QRS wave, the ST segment, and the arrhythmia by the differential threshold method, the wavelet transform method, the neural network recognition method, the template matching method, or the like.

Step 426, displaying the ECG signal and the feature point data sent by the main control module 110.

According to the ECG signal collecting method of the above embodiment of the present invention, the replacement of the conventional components by the integrated circuit reduces the volume of the ECG signal acquisition system, reduces the power consumption of the system, and reduces the design cost of the system. Experiments have shown that the module volume, power consumption and cost of the ECG signal acquisition device according to the above embodiment of the present invention can be reduced by 1/2, 2/5 and 1/3, respectively. According to the ECG signal acquisition method of the above embodiment of the present invention, miniaturization and portability of ECG signal acquisition are made possible. At the same time, because the integrated ECG signal acquisition method reduces the use of decentralized processing, the consistency of the ECG parameters of each lead is improved. In addition, the method for collecting ECG signals of the present invention adopts digital filtering to increase the reliability and flexibility of the system, and avoids the distortion of the ECG signal caused by the inconsistent filter characteristics due to the difference in resistance and capacitance.

The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that a number of variations and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

An ECG signal acquisition device includes:

An ECG lead for introducing the detected ECG signal;

a front integration module, configured to perform impedance matching, amplification, pacing detection, lead-off, and analog/digital conversion on the ECG signal;

a main control module, configured to control the pre-integrated module, and perform digital filtering and feature point recognition on the ECG signal according to the processing signal of the pre-integrated module;

The feature is that the pre-integrated module is an application specific integrated circuit ASIC.
The ECG signal collecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pre-integration module comprises:

An impedance matching unit configured to impedance-match the intra-source impedance of the ECG signal with a subsequent circuit load impedance;

And an amplifying unit, configured to amplify the ECG signal matched by the impedance matching unit.
The ECG signal collecting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said pre-integration module comprises a pacing detecting unit for performing pacing detection processing on said electrocardiographic signal, and detecting said pacing according to said pacing The process provides a pacing detection signal to the main control module.
The ECG signal collecting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the pre-integration module comprises a lead-off detecting unit for performing lead-off detection on the electrocardiographic signal, and according to the lead The drop detection process provides a lead drop detection signal to the master module.
The ECG signal collecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said digital filtering comprises low pass filtering processing, high pass filtering processing, and/or 50/60 Hz notch processing.
An ECG signal acquisition method includes:

Initializing the pre-integrated module and its registers;

Receiving an ECG signal;

Performing amplification, pacing detection, lead-off, and analog-to-digital conversion on the ECG signal by using the pre-integrated module;

Performing digital filtering and feature point recognition on the ECG signal according to the processing of the pre-integration module;

The feature is that the pre-integrated module is an application specific integrated circuit ASIC.
The ECG signal collecting method according to claim 6, wherein the pre-integration module performs amplification, pacing detection, lead-off, and analog/digital conversion on the electrocardiographic signal. The steps include:

And impedance matching the source internal impedance of the ECG signal with a subsequent circuit load impedance;

Amplifying the ECG signal matched by the impedance matching unit.
The ECG signal collecting apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said pre-integrated module performs impedance matching, amplification, pacing detection, lead-off, and analog-to-digital conversion on said electrocardiographic signal The step of processing further includes performing pacing detection processing on the electrocardiographic signal, and generating a pacing detection signal according to the pacing detection processing.
The ECG signal collecting apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said pre-integrated module performs impedance matching, amplification, pacing detection, lead-off, and analog-to-digital conversion on said electrocardiographic signal The step of processing further includes: performing a lead-off detection on the electrocardiographic signal, and generating a lead-off detection signal according to the lead-off detection processing.
The ECG signal collecting method according to claim 6, wherein the digital filtering comprises low-pass filtering processing, high-pass filtering processing, and/or 50/60 Hz notch processing.