WO2014167897A1 - 信号処理装置及び信号処理方法 - Google Patents
信号処理装置及び信号処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014167897A1 WO2014167897A1 PCT/JP2014/053853 JP2014053853W WO2014167897A1 WO 2014167897 A1 WO2014167897 A1 WO 2014167897A1 JP 2014053853 W JP2014053853 W JP 2014053853W WO 2014167897 A1 WO2014167897 A1 WO 2014167897A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
- H04J14/06—Polarisation multiplex systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/60—Receivers
- H04B10/61—Coherent receivers
- H04B10/616—Details of the electronic signal processing in coherent optical receivers
- H04B10/6161—Compensation of chromatic dispersion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/60—Receivers
- H04B10/61—Coherent receivers
- H04B10/616—Details of the electronic signal processing in coherent optical receivers
- H04B10/6162—Compensation of polarization related effects, e.g., PMD, PDL
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/60—Receivers
- H04B10/61—Coherent receivers
- H04B10/616—Details of the electronic signal processing in coherent optical receivers
- H04B10/6163—Compensation of non-linear effects in the fiber optic link, e.g. self-phase modulation [SPM], cross-phase modulation [XPM], four wave mixing [FWM]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a signal processing device and a signal processing method.
- the amount of data to be communicated is increasing with the spread of the Internet. In order to cope with this, it is necessary to increase the capacity of the transmission path.
- One technique for realizing a large capacity is a multilevel modulation method (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation: QAM).
- QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
- the optical signal that has been subjected to QAM modulation by the transmitter is demodulated by a digital coherent optical receiver.
- Non-Patent Document 1 describes a nonlinear compensation method called Back Propagation.
- This compensation method is a method for compensating for waveform distortion while tracing the propagation waveform from the reception side to the transmission side by performing dispersion compensation in small steps and performing nonlinear compensation immediately after each dispersion compensation.
- the dispersion compensation function is realized by a linear distortion compensation circuit
- the nonlinear compensation function is realized by a nonlinear distortion compensation circuit.
- the linear distortion compensation circuit includes an FFT / IFFT circuit in order to perform dispersion compensation in the frequency domain. Since the FFT / IFFT circuit has a large circuit scale, only a few FFT / IFFT circuits can be mounted on one signal processing device in consideration of the LSI mounting area and power consumption.
- Non-Patent Document 1 also describes a compensation method called Filtered Back Propagation.
- Filtered Back Propagation uses the time average amount of the phase rotation amount calculated from the signal intensity for nonlinear compensation, thereby reducing the number of stages of the nonlinear compensation stage.
- Low1Pass Filter is used for the time average of the phase rotation amount.
- Non-Patent Document 2 describes the coefficient setting method for the Low Pass Filter described above.
- the received optical signal is demodulated without performing nonlinear compensation.
- the coefficient of Low Pass Filter is determined by monitoring the difference between the demodulated symbol position and the ideal symbol position of the signal.
- Non-Patent Document 2 assumes that the received signal can be demodulated without nonlinear compensation. For this reason, in order to demodulate, it cannot be applied to a low-quality received signal for which nonlinear compensation is essential.
- An object of the present invention is to enable setting of a nonlinear compensation coefficient without demodulation when receiving and demodulating polarization multiplexed and multilevel modulated signal light.
- electrical signal generating means for generating an electrical signal based on signal light that has been polarization multiplexed and multi-level modulated and transmitted via a transmission line;
- Linear compensation means for performing a process of compensating for the electrical signal using a first filter coefficient for dispersion generated in the signal light in the transmission path;
- a second coefficient setting means for determining a second filter coefficient for determining a width on a time axis to be considered when compensating for a nonlinear effect generated in the signal light in the transmission path, using the magnitude of the dispersion;
- Non-linear compensation means for compensating the non-linear effect with respect to the electrical signal using the second filter coefficient;
- a signal processing apparatus is provided.
- an electrical signal is generated based on signal light that is polarization multiplexed and multi-level modulated and transmitted through a transmission line,
- the electrical signal is subjected to a process of compensating for the dispersion generated in the signal light in the transmission path using a first filter coefficient,
- a second filter coefficient that determines a width on a time axis to be considered when compensating for a nonlinear effect generated in the signal light in the transmission path is determined using the magnitude of the dispersion,
- the coefficient of nonlinear compensation can be set without performing demodulation.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an optical communication system according to the first embodiment.
- the optical communication system according to the present embodiment includes an optical transmission device 10 and an optical reception device 20.
- the optical transmitter 10 and the optical receiver 20 are connected to each other via a transmission path 30.
- the transmission line 30 is configured using an optical fiber or the like.
- This optical communication system is a system that performs communication using, for example, a QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) method.
- QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
- the optical transmission device 10 (signal processing device) generates a polarization multiplexed and multilevel modulated optical signal by modulating light using a plurality of signals to be transmitted.
- the generated optical signal is transmitted to the optical receiver 20 via the transmission path 30.
- the optical receiver 20 demodulates the received optical signal. When the optical signal propagates through the transmission line 30, it undergoes a linear effect (dispersion effect) and a nonlinear effect.
- the optical receiver 20 also performs processing for compensating for these effects.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of the optical receiver 20.
- the optical receiver 20 includes an electrical signal generation unit 200, a linear compensation unit 301, a nonlinear compensation unit 300, and a second coefficient setting unit 400.
- the electric signal generation unit 200 generates an electric signal based on the optical signal received via the transmission path 30.
- the linear compensation unit 301 performs processing for compensating for the dispersion generated in the signal light in the transmission line 30 using the first filter coefficient with respect to the electric signal.
- the second coefficient setting unit 400 determines a second filter coefficient for compensating for a non-linear effect generated in the signal light in the transmission line 30 using the magnitude of dispersion generated in the transmission line 30.
- the nonlinear compensator 300 performs processing for compensating the nonlinear effect on the electrical signal using the second filter coefficient determined by the second coefficient setting unit 400.
- the optical signal is a pulse signal.
- a non-linear effect that the optical signal receives during transmission through the transmission line 30 is caused by the influence of a pulse on the time axis itself and a pulse positioned adjacent thereto. Therefore, the non-linear effect that the pulse receives is determined by the broadening of the pulse width. On the other hand, the spread of the width of the pulse is determined by the dispersion of the optical signal. Therefore, if the second filter coefficient is determined using the magnitude of dispersion generated in the transmission path 30, the nonlinear effect can be compensated with high accuracy. Therefore, the coefficient for nonlinear compensation can be set without performing demodulation.
- the magnitude of dispersion generated in the transmission line 30 is determined almost uniquely when the configuration of the optical communication system and the transmission line 30 is determined. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the second filter coefficient can be determined by installing the optical transmission device 10 and the optical reception device 20 and measuring the magnitude of dispersion generated in the transmission path 30.
- the optical communication system according to the present embodiment has the same configuration as that of the optical communication system according to the first embodiment, except for the configuration of the optical receiver 20.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a functional configuration of the optical receiver 20.
- the optical receiver 20 includes a local light source (LO) 210, an optical 90 ° hybrid 220 (interference unit), a photoelectric (O / E) conversion unit 230, an AD (analog / digital) conversion unit (ADC) 240, and a signal processing unit. 100.
- the signal processing unit 100 is composed of one semiconductor device.
- the light 90 ° hybrid 220 receives signal light and local light from the local light source 210.
- the optical 90 ° hybrid 220 generates a first optical signal (I x ) by causing an optical signal and local light to interfere with each other with a phase difference of 0, and causes the optical signal and local light to interfere with each other with a phase difference of ⁇ / 2.
- Two optical signals (Q x ) are generated.
- the optical 90 ° hybrid 220 generates a third optical signal (I y ) by causing the optical signal and local light to interfere with each other with a phase difference of 0, and causes the optical signal and local light to interfere with each other with a phase difference of ⁇ / 2.
- a fourth optical signal (Q y ) is generated.
- the first optical signal and the second optical signal form a set of signals
- the third optical signal and the fourth optical signal also form a set of signals.
- the photoelectric conversion unit 230 photoelectrically converts the four optical signals (output light) generated by the light 90 ° hybrid 220 to generate four analog signals.
- the AD converter 240 converts each of the four analog signals generated by the photoelectric converter 230 into digital signals (quantization).
- the signal processing unit 100 processes the four digital signals generated by the AD conversion unit 240 to generate a demodulated signal obtained by demodulating the optical signal.
- the signal processing unit 100 includes a polarization signal generation unit 110, a distortion compensation unit 102, a polarization separation unit 104, and a demodulation unit 106.
- the polarization signal generation unit 110 includes addition units 112 and 114.
- the adder 112 adds the digital signal generated from the first optical signal (I x ) and the digital signal generated from the second optical signal (Q x ), thereby performing the first polarization signal (E x ).
- the adder 114 adds the digital signal generated from the third optical signal (I y ) and the digital signal generated from the fourth optical signal (Q y ), thereby performing the second polarization signal (E y ).
- Ex and Ey follow the following formulas (1) and (2).
- the distortion compensation unit 102 performs a process for compensating for a linear effect and a nonlinear effect received when the optical signal propagates through the transmission path 30. Details of the distortion compensation unit 102 will be described later.
- the polarization separation unit 104 performs a filter operation for each polarization.
- the demodulator 106 demodulates the transmitted signal by compensating for the frequency difference and phase difference between the optical signal and the local light.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a functional configuration of the distortion compensation unit 102.
- the distortion compensation unit 102 has at least one processing stage including a linear compensation unit 301 and a nonlinear compensation unit 300.
- the final stage of the distortion compensation unit 102 is preferably the linear compensation unit 301 (second dispersion compensation unit).
- the number of processing stages is 10 or more, for example, the final stage of the distortion compensation unit 102 may not be the linear compensation unit 301.
- the sum of the dispersion compensation amounts by the linear compensation unit 301 included in the distortion compensation unit 102 is It is equal to the amount of dispersion received by the signal light in the transmission line 30.
- the linear compensation unit 301 compensates for the linear effect that the optical signal receives on the transmission line 30.
- the linear compensation unit 301 includes, for example, an FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) unit, a filter unit, and an IFFT (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform) unit.
- the FFT unit performs an FFT operation on the input signal.
- the filter unit performs a filter operation on the signal using the first filter coefficient for compensating for the dispersion effect that the optical signal receives in the transmission path.
- the IFFT unit performs an IFFT operation on the filtered signal.
- the non-linear compensation unit 300 compensates for the non-linear effect that the optical signal has received on the transmission line 30 by using the second filter coefficient.
- the distortion compensation unit 102 includes a first coefficient setting unit 420 and a second coefficient setting unit 400.
- the first coefficient setting unit 420 sets the first filter coefficient in the linear compensation unit 301.
- the first filter coefficient may be calculated using the dispersion that the signal light receives on the transmission path 30 by the first coefficient setting unit 420, or may be directly input to the first coefficient setting unit 420 from the outside.
- the second coefficient setting unit 400 includes a tap number calculation unit 402 and a second coefficient calculation unit 404.
- the tap number calculation unit 402 determines the number of taps using the dispersion that the signal light receives on the transmission path 30.
- the second coefficient calculation unit 404 delimits a predetermined function at equal intervals as many times as the number of taps, and sets the function value at each of the plurality of delimiters as a second filter coefficient. Then, the second coefficient calculation unit 404 sets the calculated second filter coefficient in the nonlinear compensation unit 300. Details of the second coefficient setting process by the second coefficient setting unit 400 will be described later.
- the dispersion received by the signal light on the transmission path 30 is input from the dispersion setting unit 500.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of the nonlinear compensator 300.
- the nonlinear compensation unit 300 performs a compensation process according to Filtered / Back / Propagation.
- the nonlinear compensation unit 300 may perform processing according to processing according to another method.
- the nonlinear compensation unit 300 includes intensity calculation units 302 and 304, an addition unit 305, a filter unit 306, a phase modulation unit 308, delay units 310 and 314, and multiplication units 312 and 316.
- Strength calculating unit 302 calculates the intensity of the polarized signal E x, and calculates the phase rotation amount based on the intensity.
- the intensity calculation unit 304 calculates the intensity of the polarization signal E y and calculates the amount of phase rotation based on the intensity.
- the addition unit 305 adds the phase rotation amount calculated by the intensity calculation unit 302 and the phase rotation amount calculated by the intensity calculation unit 304.
- the filter unit 306 multiplies the phase rotation amount output from the adding unit 305 by a coefficient for time averaging (the above-described second filter coefficient: h (n)).
- the phase modulation unit 308 uses the phase rotation amount after being processed by the filter unit 306 to calculate a coefficient for compensating for the phase rotation. Then, this coefficient is multiplied by the polarization unit E x after being delayed by the delay unit 310 by the multiplication unit 312, and the polarization signal E y after being delayed by the delay unit 314 by the multiplication unit 316. Is multiplied. Note that the delay units 310 and 314 are provided to synchronize the polarization signals E x and E y with the coefficient calculation timing.
- nonlinear compensator 300 shown in FIG. 5 performs processing according to the following equations (3) and (4).
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining details of processing by the tap number calculation unit 402 and the second coefficient calculation unit 404.
- the non-linear effect that the optical signal receives during transmission through the transmission line 30 is that a certain pulse on the time axis is affected by itself and a pulse positioned next to it. Is caused by Therefore, the non-linear effect that the pulse receives is determined by the broadening of the pulse width. Therefore, the greater the variance, the wider the pulse width, and the larger the time width to be taken into account when calculating the phase rotation amount due to the nonlinear effect.
- the second coefficient calculation unit 404 delimits a predetermined function at the same number of times as the number of taps at equal intervals, and sets the function value at each of the plurality of delimiters as the second filter coefficient.
- the tap number calculation unit 402 calculates the number of taps by multiplying the magnitude of dispersion by a proportional coefficient. In this way, the number of taps increases as the variance increases, and as a result, the time width set by the second coefficient calculation unit 404 increases.
- this proportionality coefficient is set by, for example, an administrator of the optical communication system based on the function and dispersion used by the second coefficient calculation unit 404.
- the function used by the second coefficient calculation unit 404 is determined to take the maximum value at the tap located at the center and take the minimum value at the taps located at both ends.
- the tap located at the center and the tap located at both ends are connected by a straight line, but may be connected by a curve.
- the second filter coefficient corresponding to each tap is determined as a function value in each of a plurality of divisions by dividing a line (that is, a function) connecting the maximum value and the minimum value by a half of the number of taps. For this reason, when the number of taps calculated by the tap number calculation unit 402 increases, the difference between the two second filter coefficients corresponding to the taps adjacent to each other decreases.
- the second filter coefficient used for nonlinear compensation can be set without performing demodulation.
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Abstract
Description
前記電気信号に対して、前記伝送路において前記信号光に生じた分散を、第1フィルタ係数を用いて補償する処理を行う線形補償手段と、
前記伝送路において前記信号光に生じた非線形効果を補償するときに考慮すべき時間軸上の幅を定める第2フィルタ係数を、前記分散の大きさを用いて定める第2係数設定手段と、
前記電気信号に対して、前記非線形効果を、前記第2フィルタ係数を用いて補償する非線形補償手段と、
を備える信号処理装置が提供される。
前記電気信号に対して、前記伝送路において前記信号光に生じた分散を、第1フィルタ係数を用いて補償する処理を行い、
前記伝送路において前記信号光に生じた非線形効果を補償するときに考慮すべき時間軸上の幅を定める第2フィルタ係数を、前記分散の大きさを用いて定め、
前記電気信号に対して、前記非線形効果を、前記第2フィルタ係数を用いて補償する信号処理方法が提供される。
図1は、第1の実施形態に係る光通信システムの構成を示す図である。本実施形態に係る光通信システムは、光送信装置10及び光受信装置20を備えている。光送信装置10及び光受信装置20は、伝送路30を介して互いに接続されている。伝送路30は、光ファイバなどを用いて構成されている。この光通信システムは、例えばQAM(Quadrature Amplitude Modulation)方式で通信を行うシステムである。
本実施形態に係る光通信システムは、光受信装置20の構成を除いて、第1の実施形態に係る光通信システムと同様の構成である。
Claims (11)
- 偏波多重かつ多値変調されていて伝送路を介して送信された信号光に基づいて電気信号を生成する電気信号生成手段と、
前記電気信号に対して、前記伝送路において前記信号光に生じた分散を、第1フィルタ係数を用いて補償する処理を行う線形補償手段と、
前記伝送路において前記信号光に生じた非線形効果を補償するときに考慮すべき時間軸上の幅を定める第2フィルタ係数を、前記分散の大きさを用いて定める第2係数設定手段と、
前記電気信号に対して、前記非線形効果を、前記第2フィルタ係数を用いて補償する非線形補償手段と、
を備える信号処理装置。 - 請求項1に記載の信号処理装置において、
前記第2係数設定手段は、
前記分散の大きさを用いてタップ数を定め、
予め定められた関数を等間隔で前記タップ数と同じ回数区切り、複数の前記区切りのそれぞれにおける前記関数の値を前記第2フィルタ係数とする信号処理装置。 - 請求項2に記載の信号処理装置において、
前記関数は、中央に位置する前記タップにおいて最大値をとり、両端に位置する前記タップで最小値を取るように定められている信号処理装置。 - 請求項2又は3に記載の信号処理装置において、
前記第2係数設定手段は、前記分散の大きさに比例係数を乗じることにより、前記タップ数を算出する信号処理装置。 - 請求項4に記載の信号処理装置において、
前記比例係数は前記関数及び前記分散に基づいて設定される信号処理装置。 - 請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の信号処理装置において、
前記電気信号生成手段は、
前記信号光と局所光とを干渉させることにより4つの出力光を生成する干渉手段と、
前記4つの信号光を光電変換して4つのアナログ信号を生成する光電変換手段と、
前記4つのアナログ信号を4つのデジタル信号に変換するアナログ・デジタル変換手段と、
前記4つのデジタル信号から、前記信号光の2つの偏波成分に対応する2つの偏波信号を、前記電気信号として生成する偏波信号生成手段と、
を有する信号処理装置。 - 偏波多重かつ多値変調されていて伝送路を介して送信された信号光に基づいて電気信号を生成し、
前記電気信号に対して、前記伝送路において前記信号光に生じた分散を、第1フィルタ係数を用いて補償する処理を行い、
前記伝送路において前記信号光に生じた非線形効果を補償するときに考慮すべき時間軸上の幅を定める第2フィルタ係数を、前記分散の大きさを用いて定め、
前記電気信号に対して、前記非線形効果を、前記第2フィルタ係数を用いて補償する信号処理方法。 - 請求項7に記載の信号処理方法において、
前記第2フィルタ係数を定めるとき、
前記分散の大きさを用いてタップ数を定め、
予め定められた関数を等間隔で前記タップ数と同じ回数区切り、複数の前記区切りのそれぞれにおける前記関数の値を前記第2フィルタ係数とする信号処理方法。 - 請求項8に記載の信号処理方法において、
前記関数は、中央に位置する前記タップにおいて最大値をとり、両端に位置する前記タップで最小値を取るように定められている信号処理方法。 - 請求項8又は9に記載の信号処理方法において、
前記タップ数は、前記分散の大きさに比例係数を乗じることにより算出される信号処理方法。 - 請求項10に記載の信号処理方法において、
前記比例係数は前記関数及び前記分散に基づいて設定される信号処理方法。
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US20160036554A1 (en) | 2016-02-04 |
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JP6206487B2 (ja) | 2017-10-04 |
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