WO2014157072A1 - 電気的刺激装置 - Google Patents
電気的刺激装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014157072A1 WO2014157072A1 PCT/JP2014/058054 JP2014058054W WO2014157072A1 WO 2014157072 A1 WO2014157072 A1 WO 2014157072A1 JP 2014058054 W JP2014058054 W JP 2014058054W WO 2014157072 A1 WO2014157072 A1 WO 2014157072A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/36014—External stimulators, e.g. with patch electrodes
- A61N1/36025—External stimulators, e.g. with patch electrodes for treating a mental or cerebral condition
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/02—Details
- A61N1/04—Electrodes
- A61N1/0404—Electrodes for external use
- A61N1/0472—Structure-related aspects
- A61N1/0484—Garment electrodes worn by the patient
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrical stimulation device that improves brain damage.
- Patent Document 1 focusing on the fact that the thumbball is not developed and that there is an abnormal sensation in the fingerpad in a mentally disabled person whose brain function is not developed, An electrode is mounted on the electrode, and an electrical signal for stimulating the brain is intermittently applied to the electrode to recover brain dysfunction.
- the present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, and its purpose is to provide electrical stimulation that can more effectively stimulate the brain and improve brain dysfunction more effectively. To provide an apparatus.
- An electrical stimulation device that applies an electrical signal to a living body via an electrode, With a head electrode attached to a specific position that can stimulate the brain without passing through the brain stem at the site from the neck to the top of the patient, The electrical signal applied to the head electrode is set so that a weak current that stimulates the brain flows through the living body, The weak current is applied by repeating a predetermined cycle, The predetermined cycle includes a first state in which the weak current is continuously applied for a certain period of time, and a second state in which the application of the weak current is suspended for the certain period of time after the first state, The application of the weak current in the first state is performed so as to be maintained at the predetermined current value for a time longer than the gradually increasing time after being gradually increased toward the predetermined current value, The application timing of the electrical signal to the plurality of head electrodes is set so as to gradually deviate from synchronization and synchronize again at
- the brain function is effectively improved because the brain is stimulated by the electrical signal, not through the peripheral nerve, but directly to the brain by bypassing the brain stem. .
- a preferred mode based on the above solution is as described in claim 2 and the following. That is, The specific position is at least one of a temple part, an upper forehead part of the eye, a cheek part, and a rear part of the neck (corresponding to claim 2). In this case, a preferred head electrode mounting position for directly stimulating the brain is provided.
- the specific positions are at least two or more of the temple part, the upper forehead part of the eye, the cheek part, and the rear part of the neck (corresponding to claim 3).
- the head electrode is attached to any two of the temples, the upper forehead of the eye, the cheeks, and the back of the neck.
- a headgear-type wearing device that covers the patient's head; when the mounting device is placed on the patient's head on the inner surface of the mounting device, the patient's temple part, the upper forehead part of the eye, and the cheek
- Each of the head electrodes is provided at a position corresponding to a plurality of locations of at least two locations of the site and the rear site of the neck, (Corresponding to claim 4).
- the head electrode can be easily attached to a plurality of specific positions.
- the weak current has a frequency of 10 to 80 pps (pulse per second) and a current value of 10 ⁇ A to 100 ⁇ A (corresponding to claim 5).
- a specific application mode of the weak current is provided. If the frequency is too high, it becomes difficult for the brain to identify each electric signal pulse, so it is preferable to set the frequency to 80 pps or less. Further, if the frequency is too small, the number of pulses to the brain per unit time becomes too small, so it is preferable to set the frequency to 10 pps or more. If the current value is too large, stimulation to the brain becomes too large. In addition, if the current value is too small, the brain does not feel stimulation, and the amount of stimulation to the brain also becomes small.
- the weak current has a frequency of 20 to 60 pps and a current value of 20 ⁇ A to 80 ⁇ A (corresponding to claim 6). In this case, a preferable application mode of the weak current is provided.
- An electrical stimulation device that applies an electrical signal to a living body via an electrode, With a head electrode attached to a specific position that can stimulate the brain without passing through the brain stem at the site from the neck to the top of the patient, The electrical signal applied to the head electrode is set so that a weak current that stimulates the brain flows through the living body, The weak current is applied by repeating a predetermined cycle, The predetermined cycle includes a first state in which the weak current is continuously applied for a certain period of time, and a second state in which the application of the weak current is suspended for the certain period of time after the first state; The application of the weak current in the first state is performed so as to be maintained at the predetermined current value for a time longer than the gradually increasing time after being gradually increased toward the predetermined current value, It further has an auxiliary electrode attached to the lower body side part of the patient's neck, The electrical signal applied to the auxiliary electrode is set so that a stimulation current larger
- stimulation to the brain is also given through the peripheral nerve, which is preferable for obtaining the effect corresponding to claim 1 more sufficiently.
- the auxiliary electrode is attached to the patient's back so as to stimulate the brain through the spinal cord (corresponding to claim 10).
- an electric signal is given to the sensitive spinal cord of the peripheral nerves, which is preferable in order to fully exhibit the effect corresponding to the first aspect.
- the auxiliary electrode has a plurality of sets that are attached to the back with an interval in the vertical direction and to which electrical stimulation is simultaneously applied (corresponding to claim 11). In this case, it is preferable to increase the number of stimulation sites to achieve the effect corresponding to claim 1 more fully.
- the weak current is 10 ⁇ A to 100 ⁇ A
- the stimulation current is 30 mA to 300 mA. This is done (corresponding to claim 12). In this case, a preferable current value range of the weak current and the stimulation current is provided.
- brain dysfunction can be improved more effectively.
- the simplified perspective view which shows an example of the electrical stimulation apparatus used for this invention.
- the simplified front view which shows the example which mounted
- the simplified front view which shows the example which mounted
- the simplified front view which shows the example which mounted
- the simplified rear view which shows the example which mounted
- the front view which shows an example of the headgear type mounting tool which has an electrode for heads.
- the front view which shows the state which covered the mounting tool shown in FIG. 7 on a patient's head.
- the characteristic view which shows the specific example of the electrical signal applied to the electrode for heads.
- reference numeral 1 denotes a main body of the electrical stimulation device.
- the main body 1 has a total of 8 channels, of which 4 channels are for the head electrode H and the remaining 4 channels are for the auxiliary electrode S.
- Each channel has two output units 2A to 2H, one pair on the plus side and the other on the minus side.
- the head electrode H is a sheet type in the embodiment
- the auxiliary electrode S is a suction cup type in the embodiment.
- Each of the electrodes H and S is shown for only one channel in FIG.
- the head electrode H is connected to the connector 4 via the cable 3, and the connector 4 is detachably connected to the output portion 2A ( ⁇ 2D). As a result, the electrical signal output from the output unit 2A ( ⁇ 2D) is applied to the head electrode H.
- the auxiliary electrode S is connected to the connector 6 via the cable 5, and the connector 6 is detachably connected to the output portion 2E ( ⁇ 2H). As a result, the electrical signal output from the output unit 2E ( ⁇ 2H) is applied to the auxiliary electrode S.
- the head electrode H is to be worn at the site from the patient's neck to the top of the head. That is, the head electrode H is attached to a specific position that can directly stimulate the brain by an electrical signal without passing through the peripheral nerve (that is, without being reduced by the brainstem barrier). It is supposed to be.
- FIG. 2 shows an example in which a pair of left and right head electrodes H are mounted on the temple portion of the patient. An example in which the head electrode H is mounted on the upper forehead portion of the patient's eye is shown in FIG. An example in which the head electrode H is mounted on the cheek portion of the patient is shown in FIG. An example in which the head electrode H is mounted on the back of the patient's neck is shown in FIG. Note that the head electrode H can be appropriately attached to a portion other than the above, such as a rear portion of the ear.
- the auxiliary electrode S is attached to the lower body side of the patient's neck, and can give stimulation to the brain by an electrical signal via the peripheral nerve (that is, under the stimulus reduction action by the brainstem barrier). It is to be attached to the part.
- FIG. 6 shows an example in which a total of four sets (pairs) of auxiliary electrodes S, which are a pair of left and right pairs, are mounted on the back along the spinal cord at intervals. Since the spinal cord is sensitive among peripheral nerves and has a large stimulation transmission capacity, the spinal cord is suitable as a stimulation applying portion by the auxiliary electrode S.
- the auxiliary electrode S can be attached to an appropriate part such as a fingertip, a thumb ball, or a fingertip.
- FIG. 7 shows an example of a mounting tool 10 suitable for mounting a plurality of sets of head electrodes H, particularly at the four sites shown in FIGS.
- the mounting tool 10 is a headgear type, and is formed to be largely extendable and contractable by, for example, an elastic sheet material.
- the wearing tool 10 has a bag-shaped main body 11 that can be worn from the patient's head to the neck, and the front side of the main body 11 (the patient's face side) The eyes, nose and mouth are exposed. That is, the main body 11 covers the patient's top of the head, the left and right side surfaces, and the back of the head (including the upper part of the neck).
- the main body 11 has a pair of left and right extending portions 12 extending from a position slightly below the eye toward the patient's nose.
- a head electrode H is mounted on the inner surface of the mounting tool 10 at a position as shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 (which may be fixed or detachable using, for example, a velcro fastener).
- FIG. 8 shows a state where the wearing tool 10 shown in FIG. 7 is put on the patient's head.
- the head electrode H held on the inner surface of the mounting portion 10 is simultaneously mounted at a position as shown in FIGS.
- an elastic string 13 that connects the pair of left and right extending parts 12 and an elastic string 14 that connects the front lower ends of the main body part 11 are provided, as shown in FIG. 8.
- Each head electrode H may be securely attached to the patient at a predetermined position in the mounted state.
- a thin elastic plate may be held in the extended portion 12 and the extended portion 12 may be securely attached to the cheek portion of the patient using the elastic force of the elastic plate. it can.
- FIGS. In the embodiment, using the mounting tool 10 as shown in FIG. 8, four sets of head electrodes H are shown in FIGS. It is mounted at the position shown in Further, four sets of auxiliary electrodes S are mounted on the patient's back as shown in FIG. In this wearing state, an electrical signal is applied so that a weak current flows through the head electrode H into the living body. In addition, an electrical signal is applied through the auxiliary electrode S so that a stimulation current flows in the living body.
- each electric signal is generated by the main body 1 of the electrical stimulation apparatus shown in FIG. 1 and output from the output units 2A to 2H.
- the brain is directly stimulated.
- stimulation is applied from four different parts, stimulation to the brain is effectively performed, the neural network of the brain is reorganized, and brain dysfunction is effectively improved.
- stimulation is also applied to the brain from the auxiliary electrode S via the peripheral nerves, which further promotes the reorganization of the neural network and improves the brain function. Improve obstacles more effectively.
- FIG. 9 shows an example in which an electrical signal is applied in the form of a simultaneous energization waveform.
- a predetermined cycle is repeated. This predetermined cycle is roughly divided into a first state in which stimulation is applied for a certain period of time (1 second in FIG. 9), and the application of an electric signal only for a certain period of time (one second in the embodiment) after the first state. And a second state in which a pause period is not performed. Then, the next cycle is started after the second state in the previous cycle has elapsed.
- the time for the second state may be longer than the predetermined time, and may be as long as twice as long as the predetermined time.
- the time of the second state can be changed according to the patient.
- the rest time in the second state (the same is true for the transition time to the next cycle) is important, and it is desirable to sufficiently ensure that the brain does not feel tired.
- the frequency is set to 80 pps or less, preferably 60 pps or less.
- the frequency is set to 10 pps or more, preferably 20 pps or more.
- the frequency is 50 pps.
- the waveform shown in FIG. 9 has a pulse number smaller than that at 50 pps in order to show the waveform in more detail (this is shown in the following diagram). 10 is the same).
- the magnitude (voltage) of the electric signal applied to the head electrode H is set so that a weak current of 1 mA (1000 ⁇ A) or less, more specifically 100 ⁇ A or less, which becomes a weak current flows in the living body. That is, a large current value exceeding 100 ⁇ A is set to 100 ⁇ A or less, preferably 80 ⁇ A or less, because the stimulation to the brain is too large. In addition, if the current value is too small, the brain will not perceive, so it is set to 10 ⁇ A or more, preferably 20 ⁇ A or more (in the embodiment 40 ⁇ A).
- the current value is gradually increased from 0 and eventually becomes a constant predetermined current value, which is held for a long time at this predetermined current value.
- the holding time at the predetermined current value is, for example, 0.8 seconds, and the current value is gradually increased, for example, 0.2 seconds.
- the holding time at the predetermined current value is gradually increased. It is sufficiently larger than the time to do it. The reason why the current value is gradually increased is to avoid sudden stimulation of the brain.
- FIG. 10 shows a modification of FIG. That is, also in the case of FIG. 10, it has the 1st state to which an electrical signal is applied, and the 2nd state used as rest time. Unlike the case of FIG. 9, for example, only a positive pulse is applied in the first state in the previous cycle, while only a negative pulse is applied in the first state in the next cycle. In this way, each time a cycle is transitioned, the applied electrical signal is changed between plus and minus.
- the frequency, current value, and the like are set in the same manner as in FIG.
- the electrical signal applied to the auxiliary electrode S can be applied as appropriate as long as the brain perceives stimulation. However, since the brain is stimulated through the peripheral nerve, a current value sufficiently larger than the weak current applied by the head electrode H is applied (for example, 30 mA to 300 mA).
- the stimulus application from the auxiliary electrode S corresponds to the stimulus application from the head electrode H (synchronization). That is, in the auxiliary electrode S, only the current value is significantly different from that of the head electrode H, but the application mode of the electric signal is basically the same as the electric signal applied to the head electrode H ( The frequency, the time in the first state, the time in the second state, etc. in FIGS. 9 and 10 are set to be the same).
- somatosensory sensation consists of skin sensation and deep sensation.
- Skin sensation consists of tactile sensation, pressure sensation, pain sensation, and temperature sensation (including warm sensation and cold sensation). (Including movement and position sense).
- somatosensory development and intellectual development are linked.
- the development of deep perception in the somatosensory sensation is rapid, and the sitting of the neck, turning over, walking on all fours, sitting, standing, and standing walking appear in sequence until almost one year old, and pronunciation of simple meaningful words is also seen. It becomes like this.
- extrapyramidal tracts develop and functions such as speech appear.
- Down's syndrome is also a brain disorder, and there are a number of cases in which the mobility of joints is increased in this brain disorder child, and it is often floppy infant-like.
- Floppy positions are characterized by a frog position, a wet towel-like phenomenon, a scarf phenomenon, and double folding (Japan Medical Association Journal Vol. 125, No. 8, page 12).
- Floppy infants are a phenomenon seen as a result of increased joint mobility, especially. In double folding, the mobility of the spinal joint is considered large. In such a case, it is considered that deep perception is not established, and it is considered that reorganization of the neural network related to deep perception has not occurred. Since deep perception is maintained by extrapyramidal tracts, brain functions belong to unconscious areas. This indicates that the unconscious region of the brain in the case of a child exhibiting such a phenomenon does not retain its function.
- Low frequency electrical stimulation with hands and feet was useful for improving symptoms in patients with hearing loss, head brain disorder, cerebral infarction, visual impairment etc., but brain disorders such as Down's syndrome
- brain disorders such as Down's syndrome
- energization from peripheral nerves promoted reorganization of the neural network.
- the effect of energization from the peripheral nerve is limited, and it does not fundamentally solve the intellectual disability of Down syndrome. From this result, I thought that there might be a problem in the method of electrical stimulation. Therefore, the current is changed to a weak current, and the stimulation site is also about the entire body other than the hands and feet, and in particular, focusing on the head above the neck that can directly stimulate the brain as the electrode mounting site did.
- Case YM1 female, 14 years old: When abnormal skin perception was examined, sensory dullness was observed on the posterior surfaces of both thighs (sacral first and second nerves). In addition, I thought that the facial features were characteristic of Down's syndrome, the facial expression muscles were poorly developed, and that it was accompanied by sensory disturbances. In addition, since neural networks are not reorganized in the direction of maturity unless electrical stimulation is applied to sensory nerves, it is considered that neural networks are likely to mature when information is passed to many nerves, and as much as possible simultaneously. Stimulation was performed. Specifically, according to the cutaneous nerve segment, 5 cm ⁇ 9 cm large gel electrodes were pasted on both sides from the sacral nerve 4th to the 4th cervical vertebra 4 along the spinal nerve segment.
- gel electrodes with a size of 5 cm ⁇ 9 cm were pasted on both sides with the zygomatic arch as the upper limit.
- a weak current of 30 ⁇ A was passed over 15 minutes from left to right with the spine and skull sandwiched between these gel electrodes. The current rises to a steady current in 0.5 s, energizes for 1 second, interrupts the current, and after 1.5 seconds, the anode and cathode are switched on the left and right, and the weak current rises to the steady current level in 0.5 s.
- the neural network was energized from the peripheral nerve for 15 minutes by energizing at a steady level for 1 second, then stopping the energization and stopping the energization for 1.5 seconds as one course.
- the low frequency current was applied with the same protocol 6 months before the weak current was applied, but the addition up to 10 could or could not be done alone. There was an awareness that the function was improved.
- deep perception advances in the direction of normalization by energization from the peripheral nerve to the central nerve.
- An increase in involuntary muscle tone means that the neural network related to deep perception has approached the immature type to the mature type, indicating that muscle tone can be unconsciously adjusted in the unconscious region.
- being able to unconsciously adjust muscle tone in the unconscious region means that the conscious and unconscious regions have separated, and the neural network has matured in the brain region related to this separation of consciousness and unconsciousness.
- Somatic sensory abnormalities including skin perception, exist in patients who complain of synesthesia as a morbid symptom, in patients with Down syndrome, mild intellectual disabilities, autism, schizophrenia, depression, and dementia Sometimes. It is considered that there is an abnormality in the neural network in the brain tissue corresponding to such a symptom, and it is considered that a treatment method in which a weak current with an interval is applied from the peripheral nerve to reorganize the neural network is effective. If the body surface is close to the sensory nerve, electrical stimulation can be performed on the entire body.
- consciousness disorder intellectual function disorder, memory impairment, perceptual disorder, thinking disorder, emotional / mood disorder are commonly seen. The following are listed as mental disorders for which the present invention is considered effective.
- Psychiatric disorders such as dementia, Korsakoff syndrome, sequelae of head trauma, etc., as symptomatic organic psychiatric disorders such as symptomatic symptoms.
- Mental and behavioral disorders due to the use of psychoactive substances include alcohol, opium, cannabis, sedatives or hypnotics, cocaine, stimulants / caffeine, hallucinogens, tobacco, volatile solvents, sugar, etc. And includes addiction, abuse, addiction, etc.), alcoholism, drug addiction, etc.
- Schizophrenia, schizophrenic disorder and paranoid disorders include schizophrenia, schizophrenic disorder, persistent paranoid disorder, acute transient psychotic disorder, sensitive paranoid disorder, schizophrenic emotional disorder Mood (emotional) disorders include mood disorders (also known as emotional disorders, mainly mood disorders), depression, bipolar disorder (also known as manic depression), and depression.
- Neurotic disorder stress-related disorder and physical expression disorder, phobic anxiety disorder (open space phobia [symptom], social [social social] phobia [symptom]), other anxiety disorders (panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder), Obsessive-compulsive disorder
- Severe stress disorder Severe stress response and application disorder (DSM-IV includes PTSD and acute stress disorder as anxiety disorder, but ICD-10 is classified as severe stress response) Stress disorder, PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder), adaptation disorder), dissociative (conversion) disorder (F44), dissociative disorder (dissociative disorder is almost applicable in DSM-IV-TR), other dissociative properties (Conversion) disorder, multiple personality disorder (dissociative identity disorder in DSM-IV-TR), somatic expression disorder (somatic disorder, psychological disorder, persistent somatoform pain disorder), other neuropathies Sexual disorder.
- DSM-IV Severe stress response and application disorder
- DSM-IV includes PTSD and acute stress disorder as anxiety disorder, but ICD-10 is classified as severe stress response
- Stress disorder PTSD (
- anorexia nervosa anorexia
- bulimia nervosa sleep disorders
- insomnia psychophysiological insomnia (general) Rhythm sleep disorder, difficulty falling asleep, intermediate arousal, early morning awakening, hypersomnia, sleep apnea syndrome, narcolepsy, primary hypersomnia, recurrent hypersomnia, idiopathic hypersomnia), sleep-related complications, REM sleep behavior disorder, Sleepwalking, night wonder.
- Personality and behavioral disorders include specific personality disorders, paranoid personality disorders, schizophrenic personality disorders, nonsocial personality disorders, emotional instability personality disorders (impulse and borderline), acting personality disorders, obsessive Personality disorder, anxiety [avoidance] personality disorder, dependency personality disorder, other specific personality disorder, personality disorder, unspecified, mixed and other personality disorders, persistent personality changes, brain damage and brain Non-disease, disorder of habit and impulse, gender identity disorder, sexual preference disorder (fetishism, exposure, snooping, pedophilia, sadism masochism), psychological and behavioral disorders related to sexual development and orientation
- the other Personal personality and behavioral disorder intentional calculation or disguise of symptoms or performance decline, physical or psychological (false disability), Munchausen syndrome, unspecified personality and behavioral disorder.
- ADHD Hyperactivity disorder
- Tourette's disorder is a behavioral and emotional disorder that usually occurs in childhood and adolescence.
- Other disorders include hallucinations, delusions, and cultural dependence syndromes (nervousness, social phobia).
- the timing of applying the stimulus between the plurality of head electrodes (the timing of the first state) is gradually shifted from the synchronized state and is synchronized again after a certain period. It can be repeated.
- the timing of applying the stimulus is gradually shifted from the synchronized state so as to synchronize again after a certain period, and such stimulation is repeated. It can also be done.
- the object of the present invention is not limited to what is explicitly stated, but also implicitly includes providing what is substantially preferred or expressed as an advantage.
- the present invention is suitable for improving the function of persons with brain disorders.
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Abstract
Description
電極を介して生体に電気信号を印加する電気的刺激装置であって、
患者の首部から頭頂部までの部位で、脳幹を通ることなく脳に刺激を与えることのできる特定位置に装着される頭部用電極を備え、
前記頭部用電極に印加される電気信号が、脳への刺激となる微弱電流が生体に流れるように設定され、
前記微弱電流の印加が、所定サイクルを繰り返すことにより行われ、
前記所定サイクルが、前記微弱電流が一定時間印加され続ける第1状態と、該第1状態の後に該一定時間以上該微弱電流の印加が休止される第2状態とによって構成され、
前記第1状態における前記微弱電流の印加が、所定電流値に向けて徐々に増大された後、該徐々なる増大時間よりも長い時間該所定電流値に保持されるように行われ、
前記複数の頭部用電極に対する電気信号の印加タイミングが、同期から次第にずれて、一定周期で再度同期するように設定されている、
ようにしてある。上記解決手法によれば、電気信号の脳への刺激を、末梢神経を通してでなく、脳幹をバイパスして脳へ直接的に行なうようにしたので、脳機能障害を効果的に改善することができる。
また、脳への適切な刺激付与と、十分な休止時間の確保によって脳が疲弊する事態を防止して、全体として十分な電気刺激量を脳へ与える上で好ましいものとなる。
さらに、脳に対して急激に刺激が与えられる事態を防止して、脳が疲弊しないようにしつつ、全体として十分な電気刺激量を脳へ与える上で好ましいものとなる。
以上に加えて、刺激付与の態様を複雑化して、治療効果をさらに促進する上で好ましいものとなる。特に、治療効果が進んだ段階での刺激付与として好ましいものとなる。
前記特定位置が、こめかみ部位と、眼の上額部位と、頬部位と、首の後部位との少なくとも1箇所とされている、ようにしてある(請求項2対応)。この場合、脳へ直接的に刺激を与えるために好ましい頭部用電極の装着位置が提供される。
ようにしてある(請求項4対応)。この場合、複数の特定位置に対する頭部用電極の装着を容易に行うことができる。
前の所定サイクルにおける前記第1状態と次の所定サイクルにおける前記第1状態とでは、プラス印加とマイナス印加とが変更される、
ようにしてある(請求項8対応)。この場合、請求項7に対応した効果と同様の効果を得ることができる。
電極を介して生体に電気信号を印加する電気的刺激装置であって、
患者の首部から頭頂部までの部位で、脳幹を通ることなく脳に刺激を与えることのでき
る特定位置に装着される頭部用電極を備え、
前記頭部用電極に印加される電気信号が、脳への刺激となる微弱電流が生体に流れるように設定され、
前記微弱電流の印加が、所定サイクルを繰り返すことにより行われ、
前記所定サイクルが、前記微弱電流が一定時間印加され続ける第1状態と、該第1状態の後に該一定時間以上該微弱電流の印加が休止される第2状態とによって構成され、
前記第1状態における前記微弱電流の印加が、所定電流値に向けて徐々に増大された後、該徐々なる増大時間よりも長い時間該所定電流値に保持されるように行われ、
患者の首よりも下半身側の部位に装着される補助電極をさらに有し、
前記補助電極に印加される電気信号が、前記微弱電流よりも大きな刺激用電流が生体に流れるように設定され、
前記頭部用電極と前記補助電極とに対する電気信号の印加タイミングが、同期から次第にずれて、一定周期で再同期になるように設定されている、
ようにしてある。この場合、末梢神経を通しても脳への刺激を与えて、請求項1に対応した効果をより一層十分に得る上で好ましいものとなる。特に、刺激付与の態様を複雑化して、治療効果をさらに促進する上で好ましいものとなる。特に、治療効果が進んだ段階での刺激付与として好ましいものとなる。
前記刺激用電流が、30mA~300mAとされている、
ようにしてある(請求項12対応)。この場合、微弱電流および刺激用電流の好ましい電流値範囲が提供される。
て、そのうち4チャネルが頭部電極H用とされ、残る4チャネルが補助電極S用とされている。各チャネルは、プラス側とマイナス側とで2個一対となる出力部2A~2Hを有する。頭部用電極Hは、実施形態ではシート式とされ、補助電極Sは実施形態では吸引カップ式とされている。各電極H、Sはそれぞれ、図1では1チャネル分のみが示されている。
に示すような位置に装着される。また、4組の補助電極Sが、図6に示すように患者の背中に装着される。この装着状態で、頭部用電極Hを通して生体内に微弱電流が流れるように、電気信号が印加される。また、補助電極Sを通して、生体内に刺激用電流が流れるように、電気信号が印加される。勿論、各電気信号は、図1に示す電気的刺激装置の本体1で発生されて、出力部2A~2Hから出力されるものである。
定的で、ダウン症の知的障害を根本的に解決するものではなかった。この結果から電気刺激の方法に問題があるのではないかと考えた。そこで、電流を微弱電流に変え、刺激部位も手、足以外にほぼ体全体を対象にし、特に、電極装着部位として、脳への直接的な刺激が可能な首部よりも上側の頭部に着目した。
全体の運動機能は改善された自覚があった。前述の例では末梢神経から中枢神経へ通電で深部知覚が正常化の方向に進むことがわかる。不随意筋の筋緊張が高まることは深部知覚に関係するニューラルネットワークが未熟型から成熟型に近づいたことを意味し、無意識の領域で無意識に筋緊張を調節できることを示している。さらに言えば、無意識の領域で無意識に筋緊張を調節できることは意識と無意識の領域が分離し、この意識・無意識の分離に関する脳の領域にニューラルネットワークの成熟が起きたことを意味する。さらに、ニューラルネットワークでの制御不足によると考えられる偏頭痛にインターバルを伴う微弱電流通電によるニューラルネットワークの再編成が有効と考えられ、実際、22歳、女性の偏頭痛を1週間で治癒させた経験がある。
睡眠時遊行症、夜驚症。
2A~2H:出力部
H:頭部用電極
S:補助電極
10:装着具
11:延設部
Claims (12)
- 電極を介して生体に電気信号を印加する電気的刺激装置であって、
患者の首部から頭頂部までの部位で、脳幹を通ることなく脳に刺激を与えることのできる特定位置に装着される頭部用電極を備え、
前記頭部用電極に印加される電気信号が、脳への刺激となる微弱電流が生体に流れるように設定され、
前記微弱電流の印加が、所定サイクルを繰り返すことにより行われ、
前記所定サイクルが、前記微弱電流が一定時間印加され続ける第1状態と、該第1状態
の後に該一定時間以上該微弱電流の印加が休止される第2状態とによって構成され、
前記第1状態における前記微弱電流の印加が、所定電流値に向けて徐々に増大された後、該徐々なる増大時間よりも長い時間該所定電流値に保持されるように行われ、
前記複数の頭部用電極に対する電気信号の印加タイミングが、同期から次第にずれて、一定周期で再度同期するように設定されている、
ことを特徴とする電気的刺激装置。 - 請求項1において、
前記特定位置が、こめかみ部位と、眼の上額部位と、頬部位と、首の後部位との少なくとも1箇所とされている、ことを特徴とする電気的刺激装置。 - 請求項2において、
前記特定位置が、こめかみ部位と、眼の上額部位と、頬部位と、首の後部位とのうち少なくとも2箇所以上の複数箇所とされている、ことを特徴とする電気的刺激装置。 - 請求項3において、
患者の頭部に被せるヘッドギア式の装着具を有し、
前記装着具の内面に、該装着具を患者の頭部に被せたときに、患者のこめかみ部位と、眼の上額部位と、頬部位と、首の後部位とのうち少なくとも2箇所以上の複数箇所に対応した位置にそれぞれ前記頭部用電極が装備されている、
ことを特徴とする電気的刺激装置。 - 請求項1ないし請求項4のいずれか1項において、
前記微弱電流が、周波数が10~80pps(pulse per second)で、電流値が10μA~100μAとされている、ことを特徴とする電気的刺激装置。 - 請求項5において、
前記微弱電流が、周波数が20~60ppsで、電流値が20μA~80μAとされている、ことを特徴とする電気的刺激装置。 - 請求項1ないし請求項6のいずれか1項において、
前記第1状態における前記微弱電流の印加が、プラス印加とマイナス印加とが交互に繰り返されるように行われる、ことを特徴とする電気的刺激装置。 - 請求項1ないし請求項7のいずれか1項において、
前記第1状態における前記微弱電流の印加が、常時プラス印加またはマイナス印加とされ、
前の所定サイクルにおける前記第1状態と次の所定サイクルにおける前記第1状態とでは、プラス印加とマイナス印加とが変更される、
ことを特徴とする電気的刺激装置。 - 電極を介して生体に電気信号を印加する電気的刺激装置であって、
患者の首部から頭頂部までの部位で、脳幹を通ることなく脳に刺激を与えることのできる特定位置に装着される頭部用電極を備え、
前記頭部用電極に印加される電気信号が、脳への刺激となる微弱電流が生体に流れるように設定され、
前記微弱電流の印加が、所定サイクルを繰り返すことにより行われ、
前記所定サイクルが、前記微弱電流が一定時間印加され続ける第1状態と、該第1状態の後に該一定時間以上該微弱電流の印加が休止される第2状態とによって構成され、
前記第1状態における前記微弱電流の印加が、所定電流値に向けて徐々に増大された後、該徐々なる増大時間よりも長い時間該所定電流値に保持されるように行われ、
患者の首よりも下半身側の部位に装着される補助電極をさらに有し、
前記補助電極に印加される電気信号が、前記微弱電流よりも大きな刺激用電流が生体に流れるように設定され、
前記頭部用電極と前記補助電極とに対する電気信号の印加タイミングが、同期から次第にずれて、一定周期で再同期になるように設定されている、
ことを特徴とする電気的刺激装置。 - 請求項9において、
前記補助電極が、患者の背中に装着されて、脊髄を通して脳に刺激を与えるようにされている、ことを特徴とする電気的刺激装置。 - 請求項10において、
前記補助電極が、上下方向に間隔をあけて背中に装着されると共に同時に電気刺激が印加される複数組有している、ことを特徴とする電気的刺激装置。 - 請求項9ないし請求項11のいずれか1項において、
前記微弱電流が、10μA~100μAとされ、
前記刺激用電流が、30mA~300mAとされている、ことを特徴とする電気的刺激装置。
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