WO2014153985A1 - 一种换流阀晶闸管触发监测单元 - Google Patents
一种换流阀晶闸管触发监测单元 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014153985A1 WO2014153985A1 PCT/CN2013/089114 CN2013089114W WO2014153985A1 WO 2014153985 A1 WO2014153985 A1 WO 2014153985A1 CN 2013089114 W CN2013089114 W CN 2013089114W WO 2014153985 A1 WO2014153985 A1 WO 2014153985A1
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- thyristor
- circuit
- voltage
- protection
- central processing
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0012—Control circuits using digital or numerical techniques
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/327—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection against abnormal temperatures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
- H03K2017/0806—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage against excessive temperature
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of direct current transmission, and particularly relates to a converter valve inter-crystal tube trigger monitoring unit. Background technique
- the traditional DC converter valve inter-crystal tube triggering and monitoring unit has passive monitoring, complex coding, no fast energy-taking function, and has no function of adjusting the over-voltage protection level according to the junction temperature, and the degree of intelligence is very low. Summary of the invention
- the object of the present invention is to provide a converter valve inter-crystal tube trigger monitoring unit.
- the invention adopts the advantages of double pulse coding to actively monitor the thyristor, and the pulse coding is simple.
- the thyristor trigger monitoring unit sends the thyristor status to the valve-based electronic device, and the valve-based electronic device determines that the thyristor is in a normal state and then triggers the thyristor, thereby improving the reliability of the converter valve triggering and monitoring method; Protective function.
- the thyristor junction temperature protection and on-line monitoring, diagnosis of thyristor-level component functions, real-time online monitoring and diagnosis of thyristors, damper capacitors, damping resistors and DC grading resistor states are transmitted to the remote control protection system.
- the remote operation manager can monitor the operating status of the converter valve in real time, accurately determine the position of the fault point, accurately predict the overload capacity of the converter valve, and greatly improve the intelligence of the DC transmission system.
- a converter valve inter-well tube trigger monitoring unit is improved in that: the trigger monitoring unit comprises: a central processing unit I and an auxiliary circuit I connected thereto, a central processing unit II, and an auxiliary circuit II connected thereto;
- the electro-optical conversion circuit of the auxiliary circuit I communicates with the central processing unit II;
- the control protection system sends a trigger command and a thyristor junction temperature information to the valve-based electronic device.
- the valve-based electronic device generates a trigger pulse according to the received trigger command and the thyristor junction temperature information, and sends the trigger pulse to the thyristor trigger monitoring unit, and the thyristor triggering and monitoring unit generates a trigger.
- the pulse is sent to the gate of the intergranular tube.
- the central processing unit 1 and the auxiliary circuit 1 connected thereto are used for: 1) energy extraction and energy storage, large capacity energy dissipation and energy storage (large capacity energy storage can ensure long time without external power supply) Normal operation, can meet the three-phase short-circuit fault of the converter valve AC system, the voltage drops to 0, the working power supply duration is at least 1 second); 2) Thyristor triggering; 3) Thyristor monitoring; 4) Signal photoelectric and electro-optical conversion 5) Thyristor positive overvoltage protection and dW dt protection; 6) Thyristor reverse recovery protection; 7) Current interrupt protection; 8) Monitoring of triggered monitoring power supply;
- the central processing unit II and the auxiliary circuit II connected thereto are used for: 1> online monitoring of the temperature of the radiator; 2> online monitoring and diagnosis of the damping circuit; 3> online monitoring and diagnosis of the DC voltage equalizing circuit; 4> online monitoring and Diagnostic information is sent to the remote control protection system via fiber optic cable;
- Both the central processing unit 1 and the central processing unit II employ a central processing unit; the central processing unit employs a low power digital chip.
- the auxiliary circuit 1 includes a TTM power supply monitoring circuit, a thyristor forward voltage monitoring circuit, a photoelectric conversion circuit, a power storage and energy mixing circuit, a power conversion circuit, a forward overvoltage protection/dv/dt protection circuit, and a reverse a recovery protection circuit, a trigger amplification circuit, and an electro-optical conversion circuit; the TTM power supply monitoring circuit, a thyristor forward voltage monitoring circuit, a photoelectric conversion circuit, a forward overvoltage circuit, a reverse recovery protection circuit, a trigger amplification circuit, and an electro-optical conversion circuit respectively Connected to the central processing unit I, the energy-storing energy storage hybrid circuit and the power conversion circuit are connected to the central processing unit 1 by a forward over-voltage protection/dW dt protection circuit.
- the TTM power monitoring circuit monitors its working power in real time, and resets the central processing unit I and the central processing unit II when the working power is 0-100V, and the TTM power monitoring circuit is constructed by using an analog circuit, including sequentially performing communication. Resistor circuit and voltage regulator circuit.
- the thyristor forward voltage monitoring circuit is used for detecting the voltage value at both ends of the thyristor stage, and when the voltage upper limit of the thyristor stage is exceeded, the protection of the intergranular tube is triggered, including the measurement circuit and the voltage regulation in sequence. Circuit.
- the optical receiver Reel of the photoelectric conversion circuit receives a triggering and monitoring signal transmitted by the remote control protection system through the optical cable, and the photoelectric conversion circuit converts the received optical signal into an electrical signal and inputs it to the central processing unit I.
- the central processing unit I decodes the electrical signal to trigger the inter-well tube, and sends the inter-crystal tube state, the trigger monitoring unit status, and the optical cable status to the remote control protection system through the electro-optical conversion circuit;
- the photoelectric conversion circuit includes an optical receiver Rec1, a resistor R1 and a resistor R2 connected to the optical receiver Reel, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a transistor D1, a capacitor C1, and a comparator U1;
- the receiver Reel is connected to the base of the transistor D1; the collector of the transistor D1 is connected to the resistor R4 to form a D1-R4 branch, and the transmitter of the transistor D1 is connected to the power source VCC; the D1-R4 branches are respectively
- the optical receiver Reel is connected in parallel with the capacitor C1; the comparator U1 is connected between the D1-R4 branches, and the other end is connected to the central processing unit I; the optical receiver Reel is grounded.
- the energy-storing energy storage hybrid circuit prevents the converter valve from being subjected to an operating surge voltage, a lightning impulse voltage, and a steep wave surge voltage, and provides energy for the TTM thyristor forward over-voltage protection action;
- the energy-storing energy storage hybrid circuit is constructed by an analog circuit, and includes an energy-carrying circuit and a trigger circuit for sequentially performing communication. More preferably, the power conversion circuit is implemented by a voltage stabilization circuit, and is composed of a voltage regulator tube of more than one voltage level.
- the forward overvoltage protection/dW dt protection circuit detects the thyristor voltage, protects the trigger thyristor when the thyristor voltage exceeds the protection level, and transmits the protection action signal to the remote control protection system through the electro-optical conversion circuit;
- the reverse recovery protection circuit detects the thyristor voltage, and protects the trigger thyristor when the thyristor voltage exceeds the protection level during the reverse recovery period of the thyristor;
- Forward overvoltage protection /dW dt protection circuit and reverse recovery protection circuit are composed of analog devices, and various detection circuits and trigger circuits are composed;
- the central processing unit I detects the thyristor voltage in real time, and if the thyristor turns off automatically within the thyristor conduction interval, the thyristor is automatically triggered to realize current interrupt protection.
- the electro-optical conversion circuit comprises a resistor R5, an LED lamp, a parallel branch I, a branch II and a branch III;
- the branch I comprises a series resistor R7, R6 and a diode D1;
- the resistor R5 Connected to the base of the diode D1;
- the branch II includes a resistor R8, a diode D2 and a resistor R9 connected in series;
- the base of the diode D2 is connected to a connection line between the resistor R7 and the resistor R6;
- the branch circuit III includes a power source Vcc; the branch circuit II and the branch circuit III are both connected to an LED lamp; and the LED lamp is grounded.
- the auxiliary circuit II includes a heat sink temperature measuring circuit, a thyristor voltage measuring circuit, a damping loop current measuring circuit, and a DC equalizing loop current measuring circuit; the heat sink temperature measuring circuit, the thyristor voltage measuring circuit, and the damping loop current The measuring circuit and the DC equalizing loop current measuring circuit are respectively connected to the central processing unit II;
- the central processing unit II determines the thyristor overload capacity according to the measurement result of the heat sink temperature measuring circuit, and transmits the result to the remote control and protection device through the optical cable, and the control protection system predicts the converter valve according to the information reported by the trigger monitoring unit TTM. Overload capability;
- the central processing unit II diagnoses the state of the damping circuit and the DC voltage equalizing component according to the thyristor voltage measurement, the damping loop current measurement, and the DC voltage equalizing loop current measurement result, and transmits the diagnosis result to the remote control protection system through the optical cable, if the damping circuit and the DC If the voltage-dividing component is abnormal, an alarm signal is generated, and the maintenance personnel determines whether to repair according to the severity of the fault condition; the trigger monitoring unit performs real-time online monitoring and diagnosis on the thyristor-level component, and transmits it to the remote control and protection system.
- the thyristor trigger monitoring unit establishes a thyristor junction temperature model, and determines an actual temperature of the thyristor according to a voltage, a current, a thermal resistance, and a water temperature parameter of the thyristor;
- the thyristor junction temperature model calculates the thyristor junction temperature in real time; the valve-based electronic device VBE sends the thyristor junction temperature value to the thyristor trigger monitoring unit through the optical pulse code; the thyristor trigger monitoring unit is based on the thyristor junction Temperature regulation overvoltage protection level.
- the main advantage of the invention adopting double pulse coding is that the thyristor is actively monitored, and the pulse coding is simple.
- the thyristor trigger monitoring unit sends the thyristor status to the valve-based electronic device, and the valve-based electronic device determines that the thyristor is in a normal state and then triggers the thyristor, thereby improving the reliability of the converter valve triggering and monitoring method, and having the junction temperature.
- Protective function is provided.
- the thyristor junction temperature protection and on-line monitoring, diagnosis of thyristor-level component functions, real-time online monitoring and diagnosis of thyristors, damper capacitors, damping resistors and DC grading resistor states are transmitted to remote control and protection.
- the system enables the remote operation manager to monitor the operating status of the converter valve in real time, accurately determine the position of the fault point, accurately predict the overload capacity of the converter valve, and greatly improve the intelligence of the DC transmission system.
- TTM fast energy dissipation and energy storage can meet the requirements of the operating surge voltage, lightning impulse voltage and steep wave surge voltage of the converter valve, which can provide energy for the TTM thyristor forward over-voltage protection action.
- the TTM does not need to be pre-charged to save energy. .
- FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an intelligent TTM provided by the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent TTM photoelectric conversion circuit provided by the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent TTM electro-optical conversion circuit provided by the present invention.
- the control protection system sends a trigger command and thyristor junction temperature information to the valve-based electronic device VBE.
- the valve-based electronic device VBE generates a trigger pulse according to the received trigger command and the thyristor junction temperature information, and sends it to the thyristor trigger monitoring unit (TTM), which is triggered by the thyristor.
- TTM thyristor trigger monitoring unit
- the monitoring unit generates a trigger pulse to the gate of the intergranular tube.
- the thyristor trigger monitoring unit establishes a reasonable thyristor junction temperature model, and calculates the actual temperature of the thyristor according to the parameters of voltage, current, thermal resistance and water temperature of the thyristor under different working conditions.
- the thyristor junction temperature model calculates the junction temperature of the thyristor in real time.
- the valve-based electronics VBE sends the value of the thyristor junction temperature to the thyristor trigger monitoring unit via optical pulse coding.
- the thyristor trigger monitoring unit adjusts the overvoltage protection level based on the thyristor junction temperature.
- the thyristor trigger monitoring unit is referred to as TTM, TTM completes thyristor triggering and monitoring, thyristor forward over-voltage protection and dW dt protection, thyristor reverse recovery protection, current interrupt protection, and thyristor-level status and protection action
- the overvoltage cable is sent to the VBE; the TTM is at a high potential and the energy required for its operation is taken from the damping loop.
- the TTM, the damper circuit, and the DC grading circuit together form a thyristor-level circuit, which is the most basic functional unit of the converter valve.
- the invention provides an intelligent converter valve thyristor trigger monitoring unit.
- the principle is shown in Fig. 1.
- the control core is the central processing unit I and the central processing unit II.
- the central processing unit I and its auxiliary circuit I perform the following functions: 1) Fast energy harvesting and energy storage, large capacity energy harvesting and energy storage hybrid circuits (large capacity energy storage can ensure long-term normal operation without external power supply, Can meet the three-phase short-circuit fault of the converter valve AC system, the voltage drops to 0, the working power supply duration is at least 1 second); 2) Thyristor trigger function; 3) Thyristor monitoring function; 4) Signal photoelectric and electro-optical conversion function 5) Thyristor positive overvoltage protection and dv/dt protection function; 6) Thyristor reverse recovery protection function; 7) Current interrupt protection function; 8) TTM power supply monitoring function;
- the auxiliary circuit I includes a TTM power supply monitoring circuit, a thyristor forward voltage monitoring circuit, a photoelectric conversion circuit, a power storage hybrid circuit, a power conversion circuit, a forward over voltage protection/dv/dt protection circuit, a reverse recovery protection circuit, and a trigger.
- An amplifying circuit and an electro-optical conversion circuit the TTM power supply monitoring circuit, a thyristor forward voltage monitoring circuit, a photoelectric conversion circuit, a forward overvoltage circuit, a reverse recovery protection circuit, a trigger amplification circuit, and an electro-optical conversion circuit, respectively, and a central processing unit I
- the connection, the energy storage hybrid circuit and the power conversion circuit are connected to the central processing unit 1 by a forward overvoltage protection/dW dt protection circuit.
- the TTM power monitoring circuit monitors its operating power supply in real time. When the working power supply is 0-100V, the central processing unit I and the central processing unit II are reset to prevent the system from running out of control. In order to reduce the TTM working power load and improve the reliability of its power supply, all TTM circuits are designed with micro power consumption and central processor sleep function.
- the TTM power monitoring circuit is built using analog circuits, including a RC circuit and a voltage regulator circuit that communicate in sequence.
- the thyristor forward voltage monitoring circuit is used to detect the voltage value at both ends of the thyristor stage.
- the thyristor is protected and triggered, including a measurement circuit and a voltage stabilization circuit that sequentially perform communication.
- the power conversion circuit is implemented by a voltage stabilization circuit and is composed of a voltage regulator tube of more than one voltage level.
- FIG. 2 The schematic diagram of the intelligent TTM photoelectric conversion circuit provided by the present invention is shown in FIG. 2, and the optical receiver Reel of the photoelectric conversion circuit receives the triggering and monitoring signal transmitted by the remote control protection system through the optical cable, and the photoelectric conversion circuit will receive the optical signal. After being converted into an electrical signal, it is input to the central processing unit I.
- the central processing unit I decodes the electrical signal to trigger the thyristor, and sends the status of the intergranular tube, the state of the trigger monitoring unit, and the state of the optical cable to the remote control protection system through the electro-optical conversion circuit;
- the photoelectric conversion circuit includes an optical receiver Rec1, a resistor R1 and a resistor R2 connected to the optical receiver Reel, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a transistor D1, a capacitor C1 and a comparator U1; the resistor R3 is respectively connected to the optical receiver Reel and the base of the transistor D1 are connected; the collector of the transistor D1 is connected with the resistor R4 to form a D1-R4 branch, the transmitter of the transistor D1 is connected to the power source VCC; and the D1-R4 branch is respectively received by the light Reel and capacitor C1 in parallel;
- the comparator U1 is connected between the D1-R4 branches, and the other end is connected to the central processing unit
- the TTM fast energy harvesting and energy storage meets the fast response of the converter valve to the operating surge voltage, lightning impulse voltage, and steep wave surge voltage, providing energy for the TTM thyristor forward overvoltage protection action.
- the TTM does not need to be precharged. This method makes the TTM energy and energy storage more reliable.
- the TTM large-capacity energy-receiving and energy storage meets the three-phase metal short-circuit fault of the converter valve AC system, and the voltage drops to zero.
- the working power supply can meet the short-term power-off operation requirements.
- the energy-storing hybrid circuit is constructed by an analog circuit, including a power-carrying circuit and a trigger circuit for communication in sequence.
- the forward overvoltage protection and the dv/dt protection circuit detect the thyristor voltage.
- the protection triggers the thyristor, and the protection action signal is sent to the remote control and protection system through the electro-optical conversion circuit of FIG.
- the reverse recovery protection circuit detects the thyristor voltage.
- the protection triggers the thyristor.
- the central processing unit 1 detects the thyristor voltage in real time. If the thyristor turns off automatically within the thyristor conduction interval, the thyristor is automatically triggered to realize the current interrupt protection function.
- Forward overvoltage protection /dv/dt protection circuit and reverse recovery protection circuit are composed of analog devices, and various detection circuits and trigger circuits are composed.
- the schematic diagram of the intelligent TTM electro-optic conversion circuit provided by the present invention is shown in FIG. 3.
- the electro-optical conversion circuit includes a resistor R5, an LED lamp, a parallel branch I, a branch II and a branch III; the branch I includes a series connection. Resistor R7, R6 and diode D1; the resistor R5 is connected to the base of the diode D1; the branch II includes a resistor R8, a diode D2 and a resistor R9 connected in series; the base of the diode D2 is connected to the resistor R7 and the resistor a connecting line between R6; the branch III includes a power source Vcc; the branch II and the branch III are both connected to an LED lamp; and the LED lamp is grounded.
- the central processing unit II and its auxiliary circuit II perform the following functions: 1) online monitoring of the radiator temperature; 2) on-line monitoring and diagnosis of the damping circuit; 3) on-line monitoring and diagnosis of the DC voltage equalization circuit; 4) online monitoring and diagnostic information It is sent to the remote control protection system via fiber optic cable.
- the auxiliary circuit II includes a heat sink temperature measuring circuit, a thyristor voltage measuring circuit, a damping loop current measuring circuit, and a DC voltage equalizing loop current measuring circuit; the heat sink temperature measuring circuit, the thyristor voltage measuring circuit, the damping loop current measuring circuit, and the DC current
- the voltage loop current measuring circuit is respectively connected to the central processing unit II;
- the central processing unit II determines the thyristor overload capacity according to the measurement result of the heat sink temperature measuring circuit, and transmits the result to the remote control and protection device through the optical cable, and the control protection system predicts the converter valve according to the information reported by the trigger monitoring unit TTM. Overload capability;
- Central processing unit II based on thyristor voltage measurement, damping loop current measurement, DC voltage equalization loop current measurement result Diagnose the state of the damping circuit and the DC voltage equalizing component, and transmit the diagnosis result to the remote control protection system through the optical cable. If the damping circuit and the DC voltage equalizing component are abnormal, an alarm signal is generated, and the maintenance personnel determines whether to repair according to the severity of the fault condition;
- the trigger monitoring unit performs real-time online monitoring and diagnosis on the thyristor-level components and transmits them to the remote control and protection system.
- the control protection system can effectively and accurately complete the control and protection function of the converter valve under the operating conditions of the DC transmission system through the cooperation of the pole control system, the valve-based electronic equipment VBE, the thyristor trigger monitoring unit TTM, the damping circuit and the water cooling system.
- the present invention provides a switching valve thyristor trigger monitoring unit, which prolongs the planned maintenance time interval of the direct current transmission system, simplifies and reduces the planned maintenance times; predicts unplanned maintenance in advance; reduces the overall cost of the converter valve system; and enhances the reliable operation of the DC transmission converter valve Accurately predict the overload capacity of DC transmission systems; Improve the intelligence of DC transmission converters.
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Abstract
一种换流阀晶闸管触发监测单元,包括:中央处理单元I以及与其连接的辅助电路I、中央处理单元II以及与其连接的辅助电路II;所述辅助电路I的电光转换电路与中央处理单元II进行通信;控制保护系统向阀基电子设备发送触发命令和晶闸管结温信息,阀基电子设备根据接收到触发命令和晶闸管结温信息产生触发脉冲,并送至晶闸管触发监测单元,晶闸管触发与监测单元产生触发脉冲送至晶闸管门极。该触发监测单元采用双脉冲编码主动监测晶闸管,提高了换流阀触发与监测方法的可靠性,并具备结温保护功能。
Description
管触跳测单元
技术领域
本发明涉及直流输电领域, 具体涉及一种换流阀晶间管触发监测单元。 背景技术
传统的直流换流阀晶间管触发与监测单元均存在被动监视、编码复杂、无快速取能功能, 同时均没有按照结温对过电压保护水平进行调节的功能, 智能化程度很低。 发明内容
针对现有技术的不足, 本发明的目的是提供一种换流阀晶间管触发监测单元, 本发明采 用双脉冲编码优点主动监测晶闸管, 脉冲编码简洁。 在触发晶闸管之前, 晶闸管触发监测单 元将晶闸管状态发送给阀基电子设备,阀基电子设备判断晶闸管为正常状态后再触发晶闸管, 提高了换流阀触发与监测方法的可靠性; 同时具备结温保护功能。 在原有触发监测单元的基 础上, 增加晶闸管结温保护和在线监测、 诊断晶闸管级元件功能, 实时在线监测和诊断晶闸 管、 阻尼电容、 阻尼电阻和直流均压电阻状态, 传送给远程控制保护系统, 使远程运行管理 人员可以实时监测换流阀运行状态, 准确判断故障点位置, 精确预测换流阀过负荷能力, 大 大提高了直流输电系统的智能化程度。
本发明的目的是采用下述技术方案实现的:
一种换流阀晶间管触发监测单元, 其改进之处在于, 所述触发监测单元包括: 中央处理 单元 I以及与其连接的辅助电路 I、 中央处理单元 II以及与其连接的辅助电路 II; 所述辅助电 路 I的电光转换电路与中央处理单元 II进行通信;
控制保护系统向阀基电子设备发送触发命令和晶闸管结温信息, 阀基电子设备根据接收 到触发命令和晶闸管结温信息产生触发脉冲, 并送至晶闸管触发监测单元, 晶闸管触发与监 测单元产生触发脉冲送至晶间管门极。
优选的, 所述中央处理单元 I以及与其连接的辅助电路 I用于: 1 ) 取能和储能、 大容量 取能和储能 (大容量储能可以保证在没有外部电源的情况下长时间正常工作, 能满足换流阀 交流系统三相对地金属短路故障, 电压降至 0, 工作电源持续时间至少为 1秒); 2) 晶闸管 触发; 3) 晶闸管监测; 4)信号的光电、 电光转换; 5) 晶闸管正向过电压保护和 dW dt保护; 6) 晶闸管反向恢复保护; 7) 电流断续保护; 8) 对触发监测电源的监测;
所述中央处理单元 II以及与其连接的辅助电路 II用于: 1>在线监测散热器温度; 2>在线 监测和诊断阻尼电路; 3>在线监测和诊断直流均压电路; 4>将在线监测和诊断的信息通过光 缆发送给远程控制保护系统;
所述中央处理单元 I和中央处理单元 II均采用中央处理器; 所述中央处理器采用低功耗 数字芯片。
优选的, 所述辅助电路 I包括 TTM电源监测电路、 晶闸管正向电压监测电路、 光电转换 电路、 取能储能混合电路、 电源转换电路、 正向过电压保护 /dv/ dt保护电路、 反向恢复保护 电路、 触发放大电路和电光转换电路; 所述 TTM电源监测电路、 晶闸管正向电压监测电路、 光电转换电路、 正向过电压电路、 反向恢复保护电路、 触发放大电路和电光转换电路分别和 中央处理单元 I连接, 所述取能储能混合电路和电源转换电路通过正向过电压保护 /dW dt保 护电路与中央处理单元 I连接。
较优选的, 所述 TTM电源监测电路实时监测其工作电源, 当工作电源 0-100V时复位中 央处理单元 I和中央处理单元 II, 所述 TTM电源监测电路采用模拟电路搭建, 包括依次进行 通信的阻容电路和稳压电路。
较优选的, 所述晶闸管正向电压监测电路是用于检测晶闸管级两端电压值, 超过晶闸管 级两端电压上限时, 对晶间管进行保护触发, 包括依次进行通信的测量电路和稳压电路。
较优选的,所述光电转换电路的光接收器 Reel接收远程控制保护系统通过光缆传输的触 发与监测信号,所述光电转换电路将接收的光信号转换为电信号后输入至中央处理单元 I, 中 央处理单元 I将电信号经过解码后触发晶间管, 并将晶间管状态、 触发监测单元状态、 光缆 状态通过电光转换电路发送给远程控制保护系统;
所述光电转换电路包括光接收器 Recl、与光接收器 Reel分别连接的电阻 R1和电阻 R2、 电阻 R3、电阻 R4、三极管 Dl、电容 C1和比较器 U1 ;所述电阻 R3两端分别与光接收器 Reel 和三极管 D1的基极连接; 所述三极管 D1的集电极与电阻 R4连接组成 D1-R4支路, 所述三 极管 D1的发射机与电源 VCC连接; 所述 D1-R4支路分别与光接收器 Reel和电容 C1并联; 所述比较器 U1—端连接在 D1-R4支路之间, 另一端与中央处理单元 I连接; 所述光接收器 Reel接地。
较优选的, 所述取能储能混合电路避免换流阀遭受操作冲击电压、 雷电冲击电压、 陡波 冲击电压时取能, 为 TTM晶闸管正向过电压保护动作提供能量;
所述取能储能混合电路由模拟电路搭建, 包括依次进行通信的取能电路和触发回路。 较优选的, 所述电源转换电路采用稳压电路实现, 由一个以上电压等级的稳压管组成。
较优选的, 所述正向过电压保护 /dW dt保护电路检测晶闸管电压, 当晶闸管电压超过保 护水平时, 保护触发晶闸管, 并将保护动作信号通过电光转换电路发送给远程控制保护系统; 所述反向恢复保护电路检测晶闸管电压, 在晶闸管反向恢复期内晶闸管电压超过保护水平, 则保护触发晶闸管;
正向过电压保护 /dW dt保护电路和反向恢复保护电路均由模拟器件搭建组成, 多种检测 电路、 触发电路组成;
所述中央处理单元 I实时检测晶闸管电压, 在晶闸管导通区间内, 若晶闸管自行关断, 则自动触发晶闸管, 实现电流断续保护。
较优选的, 所述电光转换电路包括电阻 R5、 LED灯、 并联的支路 I、 支路 II和支路 III; 所述支路 I包括串联的电阻 R7、 R6和二极管 D1 ; 所述电阻 R5与二极管 D1的基极连接; 所述支路 II包括串联的电阻 R8、二极管 D2和电阻 R9; 所述二极管 D2的基极连接在电 阻 R7与电阻 R6之间的连接线上;
所述支路 III包括电源 Vcc; 所述支路 II和支路 III均与 LED灯连接; 所述 LED灯接地。 优选的, 所述辅助电路 II包括散热器温度测量电路、 晶闸管电压测量电路、 阻尼回路电 流测量电路和直流均压回路电流测量电路; 所述散热器温度测量电路、 晶闸管电压测量电路、 阻尼回路电流测量电路和直流均压回路电流测量电路分别与中央处理单元 II连接;
所述中央处理单元 II根据散热器温度测量电路的测量结果判断晶闸管过负荷能力, 将结 果通过光缆传送至远程控制和保护设备, 控制保护系统根据触发监测单元 TTM回报的信息, 预测换流阀的过负荷能力;
所述中央处理单元 II根据晶闸管电压测量、 阻尼回路电流测量、 直流均压回路电流测量 结果诊断阻尼回路和直流均压元件状态, 将诊断结果通过光缆传送至远程控制保护系统, 若 阻尼回路和直流均压元件出现异常, 则产生报警信号, 检修人员根据故障情况的严重程度确 定是否检修; 所述触发监测单元对晶闸管级元件进行实时在线监测和诊断, 传送给远程的控 制和保护系统。
优选的, 所述晶闸管触发监测单元建立晶闸管结温模型, 根据晶闸管的电压、 电流、 热 阻、 水温参数确定晶闸管的实际温度;
当阀运行于额定电流值时,所述晶闸管结温模型实时计算晶闸管结温;阀基电子设备 VBE 将晶闸管结温的数值通过光脉冲编码发送给晶闸管触发监测单元; 晶闸管触发监测单元根据 晶闸管结温调节过电压保护水平。
与现有技术比, 本发明达到的有益效果是:
1、本发明采用双脉冲编码主要优点为主动监测晶闸管, 脉冲编码简洁。在触发晶闸管之 前, 晶闸管触发监测单元将晶闸管状态发送给阀基电子设备, 阀基电子设备判断晶闸管为正 常状态后再触发晶闸管, 提高了换流阀触发与监测方法的可靠性, 同时具备结温保护功能。 在原有触发监测单元的基础上, 增加晶闸管结温保护和在线监测、 诊断晶闸管级元件功能, 实时在线监测和诊断晶闸管、 阻尼电容、 阻尼电阻和直流均压电阻状态, 传送给远程的控制 和保护系统, 使远程运行管理人员可以实时监测换流阀运行状态, 准确判断故障点位置, 精 确预测换流阀过负荷能力, 大大提高了直流输电系统的智能化程度。
2、 TTM 快速取能和储能满足换流阀遭受操作冲击电压、 雷电冲击电压、 陡波冲击电压 时快速取能, 为 TTM晶闸管正向过电压保护动作提供能量, TTM无需预充电, 节省能源。
3、 TTM大容量取能和储能满足换流阀交流系统三相对地金属短路故障, 电压降至 0, 工 作电源可满足短时断电工作需求。 附图说明
图 1是本发明提供的智能化 TTM原理框图;
图 2是本发明提供的智能化 TTM光电转换电路原理图;
图 3是本发明提供的智能化 TTM电光转换电路原理图。 具体实肺式
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步的详细说明。
控制保护系统向阀基电子设备 VBE发送触发命令和晶闸管结温信息,阀基电子设备 VBE 根据接收到触发命令和晶闸管结温信息产生触发脉冲, 并送至晶闸管触发监测单元 (TTM), 晶闸管触发监测单元产生触发脉冲送至晶间管门极。
晶闸管触发监测单元建立合理的晶闸管结温模型, 根据不同工况下晶闸管的电压、 电流、 热阻、 水温等参数算出晶闸管的实际温度。
当阀运行于额定电流值时, 晶闸管结温模型实时计算晶闸管结温。 阀基电子设备 VBE将 晶闸管结温的数值通过光脉冲编码发送给晶闸管触发监测单元。 晶闸管触发监测单元根据晶 闸管结温调节过电压保护水平。
晶闸管触发监测单元简称 TTM, TTM完成晶闸管触发与监测、 晶闸管正向过电压保护 和 dW dt保护、 晶闸管反向恢复保护、 电流断续保护、 并将晶闸管级状态和保护动作情况通
过高压光缆发送至 VBE; TTM处于高电位, 其工作所需的能量从阻尼回路获取。 TTM、 阻 尼回路、 直流均压电路共同组成晶闸管级电路, 为换流阀最基本的功能单元。
本发明提出了一种智能化换流阀晶闸管触发监测单元, 原理如图 1所示, 控制核心为中 央处理单元 I和中央处理单元 II。 中央处理单元 I和其辅助电路 I完成下列功能: 1 ) 快速取 能和储能、 大容量取能和储能混合电路 (大容量储能可以保证在没有外部电源的情况下长时 间正常工作, 能满足换流阀交流系统三相对地金属短路故障, 电压降至 0, 工作电源持续时 间至少为 1秒); 2) 晶闸管触发功能; 3) 晶闸管监测功能; 4)信号的光电、 电光转换功能; 5) 晶闸管正向过电压保护和 dv/ dt保护功能; 6) 晶闸管反向恢复保护功能; 7) 电流断续保 护功能; 8) TTM电源监测功能;
辅助电路 I包括 TTM电源监测电路、 晶闸管正向电压监测电路、 光电转换电路、 取能储 能混合电路、 电源转换电路、 正向过电压保护 /dv/ dt保护电路、 反向恢复保护电路、 触发放 大电路和电光转换电路;所述 TTM电源监测电路、晶闸管正向电压监测电路、光电转换电路、 正向过电压电路、 反向恢复保护电路、 触发放大电路和电光转换电路分别和中央处理单元 I 连接, 所述取能储能混合电路和电源转换电路通过正向过电压保护 /dW dt保护电路与中央处 理单元 I连接。
TTM电源监测电路实时监测其工作电源, 当工作电源 0-100V时复位中央处理单元 I和 中央处理单元 II, 防止系统失控。 为了减轻 TTM工作电源负荷, 提高其电源的可靠性, TTM 所有电路采用微功耗设计,中央处理器休眠功能设计。 TTM电源监测电路采用模拟电路搭建, 包括依次进行通信的阻容电路和稳压电路。
晶闸管正向电压监测电路是用于检测晶闸管级两端电压值, 超过晶闸管级两端电压上限 时, 对晶闸管进行保护触发, 包括依次进行通信的测量电路和稳压电路。
电源转换电路采用稳压电路实现, 由一个以上电压等级的稳压管组成。
本发明提供的智能化 TTM光电转换电路原理图如图 2所示, 光电转换电路的光接收器 Reel接收远程控制保护系统通过光缆传输的触发与监测信号, 所述光电转换电路将接收的光 信号转换为电信号后输入至中央处理单元 I,中央处理单元 I将电信号经过解码后触发晶闸管, 并将晶间管状态、触发监测单元状态、光缆状态通过电光转换电路发送给远程控制保护系统; 光电转换电路包括光接收器 Recl、 与光接收器 Reel分别连接的电阻 R1和电阻 R2、 电 阻 R3、 电阻 R4、 三极管 Dl、 电容 C1和比较器 U1 ; 所述电阻 R3两端分别与光接收器 Reel 和三极管 D1的基极连接; 所述三极管 D1的集电极与电阻 R4连接组成 D1-R4支路, 所述三 极管 D1的发射机与电源 VCC连接; 所述 D1-R4支路分别与光接收器 Reel和电容 C1并联;
所述比较器 Ul—端连接在 D1-R4支路之间, 另一端与中央处理单元 I连接; 所述光接收器 Reel接地。
TTM快速取能和储能满足换流阀遭受操作冲击电压、 雷电冲击电压、 陡波冲击电压时快 速取能, 为 TTM晶闸管正向过电压保护动作提供能量, TTM无需预充电。该方法使 TTM取 能和储能更加可靠, 同时在换流阀型式试验时, 无需对换流阀预充电, 即可对换流阀施加陡 波、 雷电波、 操作波冲击电压试验, 降低了试验难度和简化了试验设备 (做这些试验项目传 统换流阀需预充电) 。 TTM大容量取能和储能满足换流阀交流系统三相对地金属短路故障, 电压降至 0, 工作电源可满足短时断电的工作需求。 取能储能混合电路由模拟电路搭建, 包 括依次进行通信的取能电路和触发回路。
正向过电压保护和 dv/dt保护电路检测晶闸管电压, 当晶闸管电压超过保护水平时,保护 触发晶闸管, 并将保护动作信号通过图 3的电光转换电路发送给远程的控制和保护系统。 反 向恢复保护电路检测晶闸管电压, 在晶闸管反向恢复期内晶闸管电压超过保护水平, 则保护 触发晶闸管。 中央处理单元 1实时检测晶闸管电压, 在晶闸管导通区间内, 若晶闸管自行关 断, 则自动触发晶闸管, 实现电流断续保护功能。 正向过电压保护 /dv/ dt保护电路和反向恢 复保护电路均由模拟器件搭建组成, 多种检测电路、 触发电路组成。
本发明提供的智能化 TTM电光转换电路原理图如图 3所示,电光转换电路包括电阻 R5、 LED灯、并联的支路 I、支路 II和支路 III; 所述支路 I包括串联的电阻 R7、 R6和二极管 D1 ; 所述电阻 R5与二极管 D1的基极连接; 所述支路 II包括串联的电阻 R8、 二极管 D2和电阻 R9; 所述二极管 D2的基极连接在电阻 R7与电阻 R6之间的连接线上; 所述支路 III包括电 源 Vcc; 所述支路 II和支路 III均与 LED灯连接; 所述 LED灯接地。
中央处理单元 II和其辅助电路 II完成下列功能: 1 )在线监测散热器温度; 2)在线监测 和诊断阻尼电路; 3) 在线监测和诊断直流均压电路; 4) 将在线监测和诊断的信息通过光缆 发送给远程控制保护系统。
辅助电路 II包括散热器温度测量电路、 晶闸管电压测量电路、 阻尼回路电流测量电路和 直流均压回路电流测量电路; 所述散热器温度测量电路、 晶闸管电压测量电路、 阻尼回路电 流测量电路和直流均压回路电流测量电路分别与中央处理单元 II连接;
所述中央处理单元 II根据散热器温度测量电路的测量结果判断晶闸管过负荷能力, 将结 果通过光缆传送至远程控制和保护设备, 控制保护系统根据触发监测单元 TTM回报的信息, 预测换流阀的过负荷能力;
中央处理单元 II根据晶闸管电压测量、 阻尼回路电流测量、 直流均压回路电流测量结果
诊断阻尼回路和直流均压元件状态, 将诊断结果通过光缆传送至远程控制保护系统, 若阻尼 回路和直流均压元件出现异常, 则产生报警信号, 检修人员根据故障情况的严重程度确定是 否检修; 所述触发监测单元对晶闸管级元件进行实时在线监测和诊断, 传送给远程的控制保 护系统。
控制保护系统通过极控系统、 阀基电子设备 VBE、 晶闸管触发监测单元 TTM、 阻尼回路 和水冷系统的协同配合可以高效准确的完成换流阀在直流输电系统运行工况下的控制保护功 能。
本发明提供的换流阀晶闸管触发监测单元, 延长直流输电系统计划检修时间间隔, 简化 和减少计划检修次数; 提前预测非计划检修; 降低换流阀系统综合造价; 增强直流输电换流 阀运行可靠性; 精确的预测直流输电系统过负荷能力; 提高直流输电换流阀智能化程度。
最后应当说明的是: 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制, 尽管参照 上述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明, 所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解: 依然可以对本 发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换, 而未脱离本发明精神和范围的任何修改或者等 同替换, 其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
Claims
1、 一种换流阀晶间管触发监测单元, 其特征在于, 所述触发监测单元包括: 中央处理单 元 I以及与其连接的辅助电路 I、 中央处理单元 II以及与其连接的辅助电路 II; 所述辅助电路 I的电光转换电路与中央处理单元 II进行通信;
控制保护系统向阀基电子设备发送触发命令和晶闸管结温信息, 阀基电子设备根据接收 到触发命令和晶闸管结温信息产生触发脉冲, 并送至晶闸管触发监测单元, 晶闸管触发与监 测单元产生触发脉冲送至晶间管门极。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的换流阀晶间管触发监测单元, 其特征在于, 所述中央处理单元 I 以及与其连接的辅助电路 I用于: 1 ) 取能和储能、 大容量取能和储能; 2) 晶闸管触发; 3 ) 晶闸管监测; 4) 信号的光电、 电光转换; 5 ) 晶闸管正向过电压保护和 dW dt保护; 6) 晶闸 管反向恢复保护; 7 ) 电流断续保护; 8 ) 对触发监测电源的监测;
所述中央处理单元 II以及与其连接的辅助电路 II用于: 1>在线监测散热器温度; 2>在线 监测和诊断阻尼电路; 3>在线监测和诊断直流均压电路; 4>将在线监测和诊断的信息通过光 缆发送给远程控制保护系统;
所述中央处理单元 I和中央处理单元 II均采用中央处理器; 所述中央处理器采用低功耗 数字芯片。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的换流阀晶间管触发监测单元, 其特征在于, 所述辅助电路 I包括 TTM电源监测电路、 晶闸管正向电压监测电路、 光电转换电路、 取能储能混合电路、 电源转 换电路、 正向过电压保护 / dW dt保护电路、 反向恢复保护电路、 触发放大电路和电光转换电 路; 所述 TTM电源监测电路、 晶闸管正向电压监测电路、 光电转换电路、 正向过电压电路、 反向恢复保护电路、 触发放大电路和电光转换电路分别和中央处理单元 I连接, 所述取能储 能混合电路和电源转换电路通过正向过电压保护 / dv I dt保护电路与中央处理单元 I连接。
4、 如权利要求 3所述的换流阀晶闸管触发监测单元, 其特征在于, 所述 TTM电源监测 电路实时监测其工作电源, 当工作电源 0-100V时复位中央处理单元 I和中央处理单元 II, 所 述 TTM电源监测电路采用模拟电路搭建, 包括依次进行通信的阻容电路和稳压电路。
5、 如权利要求 3所述的换流阀晶闸管触发监测单元, 其特征在于, 所述晶闸管正向电压 监测电路是用于检测晶闸管级两端电压值, 超过晶闸管级两端电压上限时, 对晶闸管进行保 护触发, 包括依次进行通信的测量电路和稳压电路。
6、 如权利要求 3所述的换流阀晶闸管触发监测单元, 其特征在于, 所述光电转换电路的 光接收器 Reel接收远程控制保护系统通过光缆传输的触发与监测信号,所述光电转换电路将
接收的光信号转换为电信号后输入至中央处理单元 I, 中央处理单元 I将电信号经过解码后触 发晶间管, 并将晶间管状态、 触发监测单元状态、 光缆状态通过电光转换电路发送给远程控 制保护系统;
所述光电转换电路包括光接收器 Recl、与光接收器 Reel分别连接的电阻 R1和电阻 R2、 电阻 R3、电阻 R4、三极管 Dl、电容 C1和比较器 U1 ;所述电阻 R3两端分别与光接收器 Reel 和三极管 D1的基极连接; 所述三极管 D1的集电极与电阻 R4连接组成 D1-R4支路, 所述三 极管 D1的发射机与电源 VCC连接; 所述 D1-R4支路分别与光接收器 Reel和电容 C1并联; 所述比较器 U1—端连接在 D1-R4支路之间, 另一端与中央处理单元 I连接; 所述光接收器 Reel接地。
7、 如权利要求 3所述的换流阀晶间管触发监测单元, 其特征在于, 所述取能储能混合电 路避免换流阀遭受操作冲击电压、雷电冲击电压、 陡波冲击电压时取能, 为 TTM晶闸管正向 过电压保护动作提供能量;
所述取能储能混合电路由模拟电路搭建, 包括依次进行通信的取能电路和触发回路。
8、 如权利要求 3所述的换流阀晶间管触发监测单元, 其特征在于, 所述电源转换电路采 用稳压电路实现, 由一个以上电压等级的稳压管组成。
9、 如权利要求 3所述的换流阀晶闸管触发监测单元, 其特征在于, 所述正向过电压保护 /dW dt保护电路检测晶闸管电压, 当晶闸管电压超过保护水平时, 保护触发晶闸管, 并将保 护动作信号通过电光转换电路发送给远程控制保护系统; 所述反向恢复保护电路检测晶闸管 电压, 在晶闸管反向恢复期内晶闸管电压超过保护水平, 则保护触发晶闸管;
所述中央处理单元 I实时检测晶闸管电压, 在晶闸管导通区间内, 若晶闸管自行关断, 则自动触发晶闸管, 实现电流断续保护。
10、 如权利要求 9所述的换流阀晶闸管触发监测单元, 其特征在于, 所述电光转换电路 包括电阻 R5、 LED灯、 并联的支路 I、 支路 II和支路 III; 所述支路 I包括串联的电阻 R7、 R6和二极管 D1 ; 所述电阻 R5与二极管 D1的基极连接;
所述支路 II包括串联的电阻 R8、二极管 D2和电阻 R9; 所述二极管 D2的基极连接在电 阻 R7与电阻 R6之间的连接线上;
所述支路 III包括电源 Vcc; 所述支路 II和支路 III均与 LED灯连接; 所述 LED灯接地。
11、 如权利要求 1所述的换流阀触晶闸管发监测单元, 其特征在于, 所述辅助电路 II包 括散热器温度测量电路、 晶闸管电压测量电路、 阻尼回路电流测量电路和直流均压回路电流 测量电路; 所述散热器温度测量电路、 晶闸管电压测量电路、 阻尼回路电流测量电路和直流
均压回路电流测量电路分别与中央处理单元 II连接;
所述中央处理单元 II根据散热器温度测量电路的测量结果判断晶闸管过负荷能力, 将结 果通过光缆传送至远程控制和保护设备, 控制保护系统根据触发监测单元 TTM回报的信息, 预测换流阀的过负荷能力;
所述中央处理单元 II根据晶闸管电压测量、 阻尼回路电流测量、 直流均压回路电流测量 结果诊断阻尼回路和直流均压元件状态, 将诊断结果通过光缆传送至远程控制保护系统, 若 阻尼回路和直流均压元件出现异常, 则产生报警信号, 检修人员根据故障情况的严重程度确 定是否检修; 所述触发监测单元对晶闸管级元件进行实时在线监测和诊断, 传送给远程的控 制和保护系统。
12、 如权利要求 1-11中人一项所述的换流阀晶闸管触发监测单元, 其特征在于, 所述晶 闸管触发监测单元建立晶闸管结温模型, 根据晶闸管的电压、 电流、 热阻、 水温参数确定晶 闸管的实际温度;
当换流阀运行于额定电流值时, 所述晶闸管结温模型实时计算晶闸管结温; 阀基电子设 备 VBE将晶闸管结温的数值通过光脉冲编码发送给晶闸管触发监测单元;晶闸管触发监测单 元根据晶闸管结温调节过电压保护水平。
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