WO2014121440A1 - 一种挤出薄膜的生产装置 - Google Patents

一种挤出薄膜的生产装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014121440A1
WO2014121440A1 PCT/CN2013/071396 CN2013071396W WO2014121440A1 WO 2014121440 A1 WO2014121440 A1 WO 2014121440A1 CN 2013071396 W CN2013071396 W CN 2013071396W WO 2014121440 A1 WO2014121440 A1 WO 2014121440A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ring
bubble
vacuum
water
film
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PCT/CN2013/071396
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
宋建新
Original Assignee
江阴升辉包装材料有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 江阴升辉包装材料有限公司 filed Critical 江阴升辉包装材料有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2013/071396 priority Critical patent/WO2014121440A1/zh
Priority to CN201380000016.6A priority patent/CN104159721B/zh
Publication of WO2014121440A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014121440A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/90—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article
    • B29C48/908—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article characterised by calibrator surface, e.g. structure or holes for lubrication, cooling or venting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B29C48/10—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels flexible, e.g. blown foils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/90—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article
    • B29C48/901—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article of hollow bodies
    • B29C48/903—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article of hollow bodies externally
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/911—Cooling
    • B29C48/9115—Cooling of hollow articles
    • B29C48/912—Cooling of hollow articles of tubular films
    • B29C48/913—Cooling of hollow articles of tubular films externally
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2791/00—Shaping characteristics in general
    • B29C2791/004—Shaping under special conditions
    • B29C2791/007—Using fluid under pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0018—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with shaping by orienting, stretching or shrinking, e.g. film blowing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0019—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with shaping by flattening, folding or bending
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/14—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the particular extruding conditions, e.g. in a modified atmosphere or by using vibration
    • B29C48/147—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the particular extruding conditions, e.g. in a modified atmosphere or by using vibration after the die nozzle
    • B29C48/1474—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the particular extruding conditions, e.g. in a modified atmosphere or by using vibration after the die nozzle at a calibration zone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/911—Cooling
    • B29C48/9135—Cooling of flat articles, e.g. using specially adapted supporting means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for producing an extruded film, and more particularly to a production apparatus for processing a circular downward extruded water-cooled cast film, which can improve the quality of the film and
  • the thickness of the plastic film is generally between 12.5 and 300 microns, wherein a thick film larger than 200 microns, a middle film between 75 and 200 microns, and a film between 12.5 and 75 microns.
  • the production method of the conventional plastic film includes a casting process and a blown film process.
  • the existing cast film processing process mainly refers to an extrusion melt casting process.
  • the extrusion melt casting process is to form a cast film by casting and then quenching the plastic melt.
  • the process flow is: extruder extrusion - T-die casting - air knife - 1# cooling roll __ 2#Cooling Roller - Corona Treatment - Cutting the waste side - winding.
  • the traditional blown film processing process is a film sheet in which a plastic melt is extruded upward through an annular die, and a film is formed by a wind ring cooling to form a bubble, and a film pulling device is guided and pulled upward.
  • This processing process uses a hot air inside the bubble to form a pressure to support the bubble, so as to effectively stabilize the bubble.
  • the annular fixing frame in which a plurality of stabilizing rollers are internally mounted is generally used to further stabilize the bubble;
  • the mounting direction of each of the stabilizing rollers is horizontal, and the stabilizing roller of the bubble stabilizing device is Annular distribution, the two ends of each stabilizing roller are mounted on a small bracket, the small bracket is attached to the annular fixing bracket, and the entire annular fixing bracket can be installed with a plurality of upper and lower stabilizing rollers.
  • the stable axis of the bubble stabilization device is annularly distributed. In operation, each of the stabilizing rollers at the tangential position encloses the bubble in the center, thereby stabilizing the bubble.
  • the required inner diameter of the bubble stabilization device is also different. It is necessary to control the center position of the bubble without offset or wobble, to ensure smooth operation of the bubble, and also to control the upper portion of the bubble to fit well with the guide.
  • Such bubble stabilization The structure of the device is relatively complicated, such as Chinese patent CN 202293273 U, CN 201604292 U, CN 202011151 U, CN 2774758Y, CN 201881538 U and CN 201761065
  • the annular downward extrusion water-cooled cast film processing method is a combination of the above two methods of the casting process and the blown film process.
  • This processing technology has the advantages of high production efficiency, soft and transparent film formation.
  • the water ring (which replaces the wind ring in the blown film process) serves to cool and shape the bubble.
  • the water ring position must be close to the die, so the water ring does not function to stabilize the bubble.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is to design an apparatus for producing an extruded film for processing a circular downward extrusion of a water-cooled cast film, the production apparatus including a top-down arrangement for An extrusion die for forming a plastic bubble, a water inlet ring for cooling the bubble, a water return ring for recovering the cooling water, a guiding structure for pressing the bubble into a folding film, and a traction film for pulling the film Continuously formed traction mechanism characterized by The vacuum ring and the guiding mechanism are provided with at least one vacuum bubble stabilizer for forming a partial annular outer surface of the bubble to a vacuum of -0.35-30 kPa, wherein the preferred degree of vacuum can be set to -0.7 ⁇ -10 kPa.
  • the vacuum bubble stabilizer is a ring provided with a cavity, and the inner ring surface is evenly distributed. a mesh communicating with the cavity, wherein an air suction pipe communicating with the cavity is further disposed on the ring wall of the vacuum bubble stabilizer, and the exhaust pipe is connected to the vacuum pump at one end outside the ring wall; the vacuum film
  • the inner ring of the bubble stabilizer is concentrically arranged with the inner ring of the water inlet ring and the water return ring; the distance between the lower end of the vacuum bubble stabilizer and the upper end of the guiding structure is 50-600 mm, wherein the preferred distance is 150-400 mm;
  • the distance between the upper end of the vacuum bubble stabilizer and the lower end of the water return ring is 1000 ⁇ 1500mm, and the preferred distance is 450 ⁇ 1000mm.
  • the suction of the vacuum pump allows the bubble to form a uniform pulling force in the direction of the ring wall at the position of the vacuum bubble stabilizer without causing the bubble to
  • the inner ring of the vacuum bubbler is in contact to form a frictional resistance.
  • the vacuum bubble stabilizer can also absorb the residual moisture on the surface of the bubble while stabilizing the bubble, thereby achieving the technical effect of both.
  • a gap is formed between the inner ring wall of the vacuum bubble stabilizer and the bubble, and a flexible gas seal ring is disposed between the upper and lower edges of the inner ring wall of the vacuum bubble stabilizer and the bubble.
  • a further preferred technical solution is also available in the wall of the vacuum bubble stabilizer.
  • the bottom portion is provided with a water suction pipe connected to the cavity, and the water suction pipe is connected to the water pump at one end outside the ring wall.
  • the vacuum bubble is stable.
  • the device is an integral ring, or at least two segments are spliced together, and each segment of the cavity is connected to each other.
  • the inner ring of the vacuum bubble stabilizer is of a diameter-adjustable structure.
  • the vacuum bubble stabilizer has a rectangular cross section perpendicular to the ring shape.
  • the vacuum bubble stabilizer can be made of stainless steel, aluminum, plastic, rubber. Made with at least one of the composite materials.
  • the cooled film can be quickly recovered.
  • the water inlet ring and the water return ring are both In order to provide a whole cavity, and the water inlet ring is adjacent to the water return ring, an overflow port is arranged at the upper end of the inner ring of the water inlet ring, and the inner ring surface of the water return ring is evenly distributed
  • the mesh and/or the annular flexible blade communicated with the cavity, and the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are respectively disposed on the ring wall of the water inlet ring and the water return ring.
  • the traction mechanism comprises two driving rollers that are driven by each other, and the driving roller is located at the guiding
  • the lower end of the structure, the guiding structure is a V-shaped guide plate, or two rows of conveying rollers arranged in a V shape.
  • the advantages and advantageous effects of the present invention are that the production unit replaces the prior art cooling ring with a water inlet ring and a water return ring, which simplifies design processing, reduces cost, and is easy to operate.
  • the bubble is stabilized by the vacuum bubbler of the evacuated structure.
  • the use of the above-mentioned vacuum bubble stabilizer can make a good contact between the bubble and the guide member, the traction is stable, the operation is easy, the production efficiency is improved, the loss is reduced, and the film quality is improved.
  • the vacuum bubble stabilizer Since the vacuum bubble stabilizer is disposed between the water return ring and the guide plate, the mesh of the inner surface of the vacuum bubble stabilizer is connected with the hollow inner cavity, and the hollow inner cavity is connected to the vacuum pump through the exhaust pipe, and is pumped by the vacuum pump. Gas, the bubble can be pulled toward the inner surface of the vacuum bubble stabilizer, so that the bubble is stable in the ring and is not easy to drift or oscillate, and is provided between the bubble and the inner ring surface of the vacuum bubble stabilizer. With a small gap, the inner surface of the vacuum bubbler is not in direct contact with the bubble, so the vacuum bubble stabilizer does not constitute a frictional resistance to the operation of the bubble.
  • the vacuum bubble stabilizer has the advantages of simple structure and good stabilizing effect on the bubble.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a production apparatus for annular downward extrusion and water-cooled casting film processing according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the vacuum bubble stabilizer of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a left side view of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional structural view of the water inlet ring and the water return ring in Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is a left side view of Figure 4.
  • the present invention is an apparatus for producing an extruded film for processing a ring-shaped downward extrusion water-cooled cast film, the production apparatus including a top-down arrangement for squeezing An extrusion die 2 for discharging the plastic bubble 1 , a water inlet ring 3 for cooling the bubble 1 , a water return ring 4 for recovering the cooling water, and a guide knot for pressing the bubble 1 into a folded film
  • the structure 5 and the traction mechanism 6 for continuously drawing the blown film are provided with at least one vacuum bubble between the water return ring 4 and the guiding structure 5 so that the partial annular outer surface of the bubble 1 can form a vacuum of -0.35-30 kPa.
  • Stabilizer 7, wherein the preferred degree of vacuum can be set to -0.7 to -10 kPa.
  • the vacuum bubble stabilizer 7 is a ring provided with a cavity 7-1, and the inner ring thereof
  • the surface 7-2 is uniformly provided with a mesh 7-3 communicating with the cavity 7-1, and an air suction pipe 7-4 communicating with the cavity 7-1 is further disposed on the ring wall of the vacuum bubble stabilizer 7.
  • the end of the air suction pipe 7-4 located outside the ring wall is connected to the vacuum pump 8; the inner ring of the vacuum bubble stabilizer 7 is concentrically arranged with the inner ring of the water inlet ring 3 and the water return ring 4; the lower end of the vacuum bubble stabilizer 7
  • the distance from the upper end of the guiding structure 5 is 50-600 mm, wherein the preferred distance is 150-400 mm; the distance between the upper end of the vacuum bubble stabilizer and the lower end of the water return ring is 1000-1500 mm, and the preferred distance is 450-1000 mm.
  • the suction of the vacuum pump 8 allows the bubble 1 to form a uniform pulling force in the direction of the ring wall at the position of the vacuum bubble stabilizer 7. Further, the bubble 1 is not brought into contact with the inner ring of the vacuum bubble stabilizer 7 to constitute a frictional resistance.
  • the vacuum bubble stabilizer 7 can also absorb the residual moisture on the surface of the bubble while stabilizing the bubble, thereby achieving the technical effect of killing both.
  • the bubble 1 in order to enable the bubble to pass through the vacuum bubble stabilizer 7 smoothly and continuously, the bubble 1 can be stabilized while ensuring the vacuum between the vacuum bubble stabilizer 7 and the bubble 1, further
  • a gap 9 is provided between the inner ring wall of the vacuum bubbler 7 and the bubble 1, and is disposed between the upper and lower edges of the inner ring wall of the vacuum bubble stabilizer 7 and the bubble 1.
  • the moisture technology is discharged so as not to enter the vacuum pump, and a further preferred embodiment is also capable of stabilizing the vacuum bubble.
  • the bottom of the ring wall of the device 7 is further provided with a water suction pipe 7-5 communicating with the cavity 7-1, and the suction pipe 7-5 is connected to the water pump 10 at one end outside the ring wall.
  • a further preferred embodiment is also a vacuum.
  • the bubble stabilizer 7 may be an integral ring, or at least two segments, and each segment communicates with each other.
  • the inner ring of the vacuum bubble stabilizer 7 is of a diameter-adjustable structure.
  • the vacuum bubble stabilizer 7 in order to facilitate the simplification of the structure of the vacuum bubble stabilizer 7, it is easy to manufacture, and it is easy to adapt and maintain. Further preferred embodiment, the vacuum bubble stabilizer 7 has a rectangular cross section perpendicular to the ring shape.
  • the vacuum bubble stabilizer 7 can be made of stainless steel, aluminum or plastic. Made of at least one of rubber and composite materials.
  • the cold water in order to rapidly cool and shape the plastic film bubble extruded from the die while reducing the volume of the device, the cold water can be quickly recovered, and a further preferred embodiment is also, the water inlet ring 3 and the water return ring. 4 is a whole body with a cavity, and the water inlet ring 3 is adjacent to the water return ring 4, and an overflow port 3-1 is provided at the upper end of the inner ring of the water inlet ring 3, and the inner ring surface of the water return ring 4 A mesh and/or an annular flexible blade communicating with the cavity are uniformly disposed on the upper side, and an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe are respectively disposed on the ring wall of the inlet ring and the return ring.
  • the traction mechanism 6 comprises two driving rollers which are driven by each other, and the driving roller is located.
  • the guiding structure 5 is a V-shaped guide plate, or two rows of conveying rollers arranged in a V shape.
  • the invention is used for the production of extruded films, mainly for the processing of annular downward extrusion of water-cooled cast films.
  • the process is that after the melt plastic is extruded downward from the extrusion die, the bubble is formed by blowing into the interior of the bubble and water-cooling outside the bubble, but since the volume of the bubble is large, the internal pressure is small, The bubble in the continuous stretching process is not stable enough, and it is easy to swing and drift. This causes the surface of the film to wrinkle, thereby directly affecting the stability of the processing and the quality of the film.
  • the invention adopts a vacuum bubble stabilization structure with simple structure and remarkable bubble stabilization effect, thereby completely solving the technical problem of bubble instability in the prior art.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种挤出薄膜的生产装置，所述装置用于环形向下挤出水冷流延薄膜的加工，此装置包括由上至下依次设置用于形成塑料膜泡的挤出口模、用于将膜泡冷却成型的进水环、用于将冷却水回收的回水环、用于将膜泡压成折膜的导向结构和用于牵引吹膜连续成型的牵引机构。在回水环与导向结构之间设有使膜泡局部环形外表面可形成一定真空度的真空膜泡稳定器，真空膜泡稳定器内设有空腔，在真空膜泡稳定器的内环表面设有与空腔相连通的网孔，在真空膜泡稳定器的环壁上还设有与空腔连通的抽气管，抽气管位于环壁外的一端与真空泵连接。此装置由于设有真空膜泡稳定器，对膜泡的稳定效果好，使得此类加工的操作简单方便，薄膜质量提高，加工费料减少。

Description

一种挤出薄膜的生产装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种挤出薄膜的生产装置，具体涉及一种用于加工环 形向下挤出水冷流延薄膜的生产装置，该生产装置可提高薄膜质量并
背景技术
塑料薄膜的厚度一般在 12.5~300微米之间， 其中大于 200微米的 为厚膜， 75~200微米之间的为中膜， 12.5~75微米之间的为薄膜。 传 统塑料薄膜的生产方法包括有流延加工工艺和吹膜加工工艺。
现有流延膜加工工艺主要是指挤出熔融流延工艺。挤出熔融流延 工艺是通过塑料熔体流延后再骤冷得到平挤薄膜， 其工艺流程为： 挤 出机挤出—— T 型口模流延——气刀—— 1#冷却辊 __ 2#冷却辊 ——电暈处理——切废边——卷取。
传统的吹膜加工工艺是塑料熔体通过环形口模向上挤出，经风环 冷却定型形成膜泡， 经导向及向上牵引的薄膜牵引装置而成薄膜片 材。 这种加工工艺使用在膜泡内部的热空气形成压力而支撑膜泡， 以 便有效地稳定膜泡。 在现有的吹膜加工工艺中， 通常是釆用内部安装 有多根稳定辊的环形固定架来进一步稳定膜泡；每根稳定辊的转轴安 装方向为水平，膜泡稳定装置的稳定辊呈环形分布， 每根稳定辊的两 端安装在一个小支架上， 小支架附着安装在环形固定架上， 整个环形 固定架可以安装上下多圈稳定辊。 膜泡稳定装置的稳定轴呈环形分 布。 工作时， 各根位于切线位置的稳定辊将膜泡包围在中央， 籍此使 膜泡稳定。 显然， 对于不同直径的膜泡， 需要的膜泡稳定装置的内径 也不同。 需要控制膜泡的中心位置不发生偏移或摆动， 确保膜泡运行 平稳， 而且还需要控制使膜泡的上部与导向件配合良好。 这类膜泡稳 定装置结构都比较复杂，如中国专利 CN 202293273 U、 CN 201604292 U、 CN 202011151 U、 CN 2774758Y、 CN 201881538 U和 CN 201761065
U。 这些装置对稳定膜泡的效果也不够理想。 更重要的是， 不管是否 釆用膜泡稳定机构， 由于冷却速率的限制， 吹膜加工工艺生产效率受 限， 同时也限制了薄膜的光学性能及热成型性能。
而环形向下挤出水冷流延薄膜加工方法是上述流延加工工艺与 吹膜加工工艺的两种方法的结合。 此加工工艺具有生产效率高、 薄膜 柔软透明易成型的优点。 现有的此类加工技术中， 水环（取代了吹膜 工艺中的风环）起到了对膜泡进行冷却和定型的作用。 然而为了维持 一定的冷却速率， 水环位置必须接近口模， 因此水环不能起到稳定膜 泡的作用。 同时， 当膜泡在脱离水环后继续向下运行的过程中， 膜泡 内压由于上部气体温高下部气体温低而逐渐减小，造成膜泡向外扩张 的径向拉力偏低， 从而导致膜泡下端收卷牵引导向操作困难， 带来了 薄膜的产品质量不稳定、造成物料的损耗增加和严重时甚至会造成停 产等一系列问题。
到目前为止还没有一种可靠的膜泡稳定机构，使得环形向下挤出 水冷流延薄膜加工工艺更有效及易于推广。因此膜泡的稳定问题已成 为本领域技术人员有待解决的技术问题。 发明内容 艺中的膜泡稳定技术的缺陷， 提供一种结构简单、 操作方便、 并能达 到提高薄膜质量和减少物料损耗的生产装置。
为实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案是设计一种挤出薄膜的生产 装置， 所述装置用于环形向下挤出水冷流延薄膜的加工， 该生产装置 包括由上至下依次设置用于形成塑料膜泡的挤出口模、用于将膜泡冷 却成型的进水环、用于将冷却水回收的回水环、用于将膜泡压成折膜 的导向结构和用于牵引吹膜连续成型的牵引机构， 其特征在于， 在所 述回水环与导向机构之间至少设有一个使膜泡的局部环形外表面形 成 -0.35— 30kPa真空度的真空膜泡稳定器， 其中优选的真空度可设置 为 -0.7~-10kPa。
为了使真空膜泡稳定器与膜泡之间能够形成 -0.35— 30kPa的真空 度， 优选的技术方案是， 所述真空膜泡稳定器为设有空腔的环， 其内 环表面均布有与空腔相连通的网孔，在所述真空膜泡稳定器的环壁上 还设有与空腔连通的抽气管，所述抽气管位于环壁外的一端与真空泵 连接；所述真空膜泡稳定器的内环与进水环和回水环的内环为同心设 置； 所述真空膜泡稳定器下端距导向结构上端的距离为 50~600mm, 其中优选的距离是 150~400mm;所述真空膜泡稳定器上端距回水环下 端的距离为 1000~1500mm, 其中优选的距离是 450~1000mm。 由于在 真空膜泡稳定器的内壁上均布有网孔， 通过真空泵的抽气， 可使膜泡 在真空膜泡稳定器的位置构成向环壁方向的均匀拉力，而且又不使膜 泡与真空膜泡稳定器的内环接触， 以构成摩擦阻力。 该真空膜泡稳定 器在稳定膜泡的同时还可将膜泡表面残余的水分吸干，可达到一举两 得的技术效果。
为了使膜泡能够顺利连续的通过真空膜泡稳定器，又能使膜泡得 到稳定， 同时还能保证真空膜泡稳定器与膜泡之间的真空度， 进一步 优选的技术方案还有，在所述真空膜泡稳定器的内环壁与膜泡之间设 有间隙，在所述真空膜泡稳定器的内环壁的上下边缘与膜泡之间设有 柔性气封环。
为了便于将真空泵吸入到真空膜泡稳定器内腔中的水分及时排 泄出去， 使其不会进入到真空泵内， 进一步优选的技术方案还有， 可 以在所述真空膜泡稳定器的环壁的底部设有与空腔连通的抽水管，所 述抽水管位于环壁外的一端与抽水泵连接。
对于尺寸比较大的膜泡，为了便于真空膜泡稳定器的加工制造及 安装、 调试和维修， 进一步优选的技术方案还有， 所述真空膜泡稳定 器为一整体环， 或至少由两段拼接而成， 且每段空腔之间相互连通。 为了适应一些经常需要变换膜泡直径的塑料挤出装置的需要，进 一步优选的技术方案还有，所述真空膜泡稳定器的内环为直径可调的 结构。
为了便于简化真空膜泡稳定器结构， 使其便于加工制造， 便于适 应和维护保养， 进一步优选的技术方案还有， 所述真空膜泡稳定器与 环形垂直的截面为矩形。
为了保持生产装置及膜泡的清洁， 延长设备的使用寿命， 减轻膜 泡稳定装置的整体重量， 进一步优选的技术方案还有， 所述的真空膜 泡稳定器可由不锈钢、 铝材、 塑料、 橡胶和复合材料中的至少一种制 成。
为了将从口模挤出的塑料膜泡迅速冷却定型，同时减少设备的体 积， 使冷却后的薄膜能够得到快速的回收， 进一步优选的技术方案还 有， 所述进水环与回水环均为设有空腔的整体， 且进水环与回水环相 邻， 在所述进水环的内环上端设有溢流口， 在所述回水环的内环面上 均布有与空腔相连通的网孔和 /或环形柔性刮片， 在所述进水环与回 水环的环壁上分别设有进水管与出水管。
为了便于将成型后的膜泡卷绕回收， 同时使膜泡不间断地形成， 进一步优选的技术方案还有，所述牵引机构包括两根相互挤压传动的 驱动辊， 所述驱动辊位于导向结构的下端， 所述导向结构为呈 V形设 置的导向板， 或为呈 V形排列的两排传送辊。
本发明的优点和有益效果在于：该生产装置用进水环及回水环替 代了现有技术中的冷却环， 使其设计加工得到简化， 成本降低， 便于 操作。 由于釆用抽真空结构的真空膜泡稳定器， 使得膜泡稳定。 上述 真空膜泡稳定器的使用， 可使膜泡与导向件之间构成良好的接触， 牵 引稳定， 易于操作， 更有提高生产效率、 减少损耗及提高薄膜质量等
1¾点 由于真空膜泡稳定器设置在回水环与导向板之间，使得该真空膜 泡稳定器内环表面的网孔与空心内腔连通，空心内腔通过抽气管与真 空泵连接， 通过真空泵的抽气， 可将膜泡向真空膜泡稳定器的内表面 牵拉， 从而使膜泡稳定在环内不易产生漂移或摆动， 且由于在膜泡与 真空膜泡稳定器的内环表面之间设有较小的间隙，该真空膜泡稳定器 的内表面不与膜泡直接接触，因此真空膜泡稳定器不会对膜泡的运行 构成摩擦阻力。该真空膜泡稳定器具有结构简单、 对膜泡的稳定效果 好的优点。 附图说明
图 1是本发明用于环形向下挤出、 水冷流延薄膜加工的生产装置 的结构示意图；
图 2是图 1中真空膜泡稳定器的截面剖面结构示意图；
图 3是图 2的左视示意图；
图 4是图 1中为进水环和回水环的截面剖面结构示意图； 图 5是图 4的左视示意图。
图中： 1、 膜泡； 2、 挤出口模； 3、 进水环； 3-1、 溢流口； 4、 回水环； 5、 导向结构； 6、 牵引机构； 7、 真空膜泡稳定器； 7-1、 空 腔； 7-2、 内环表面; 7-3、 网孔； 7-4、 抽气管； 7-5、 抽水管； 7-6、 柔性气封环； 8、 真空泵； 9、 间隙； 10、 抽水泵。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例， 对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步描 述。 以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案， 而不能以 此来限制本发明的保护范围。
如图 1至图 5所示， 本发明是一种挤出薄膜的生产装置， 该装置用 于环形向下挤出水冷流延薄膜的加工，该生产装置包括由上至下依次 设置用于挤出塑料膜泡 1的挤出口模 2、 用于将膜泡 1冷却成型的进水 环 3、 用于将冷却水回收的回水环 4、 用于将膜泡 1压成折膜的导向结 构 5和用于牵引吹膜连续成型的牵引机构 6 , 在回水环 4与导向结构 5 之间至少设有一个使膜泡 1局部环形外表面可形成 -0.35— 30kPa真空 度的真空膜泡稳定器 7, 其中优选的真空度可设置为 -0.7~-10kPa。
在本发明中为了使真空膜泡稳定器 7与膜泡之间能够形成上述的 真空度， 优选的实施方案是， 真空膜泡稳定器 7为设有空腔 7-1的环， 其内环表面 7-2均布有与空腔 7-1相连通的网孔 7-3 ,在真空膜泡稳定器 7的环壁上还设有与空腔 7-1连通的抽气管 7-4, 抽气管 7-4位于环壁外 的一端与真空泵 8连接；真空膜泡稳定器 7的内环与进水环 3和回水环 4 的内环为同心设置；真空膜泡稳定器 7下端距导向结构 5上端的距离为 50~600mm, 其中优选的距离是 150~400mm; 所述真空膜泡稳定器上 端距回水环下端的距离为 1000~1500mm , 其中优选的距离是 450~1000mm。 由于在真空膜泡稳定器 7的内壁上均布有网孔 7-3 , 通 过真空泵 8的抽气， 可使膜泡 1在真空膜泡稳定器 7的位置构成向环壁 方向的均匀拉力， 而且又不使膜泡 1与真空膜泡稳定器 7的内环接触， 以构成摩擦阻力。 该真空膜泡稳定器 7在稳定膜泡的同时还可将膜泡 表面残余的水分吸干， 可达到一举两得的技术效果。
在本发明中为了使膜泡能够顺利连续的通过真空膜泡稳定器 7, 又能使膜泡 1得到稳定， 同时还能保证真空膜泡稳定器 7与膜泡 1之间 的真空度， 进一步优选的实施方案还有， 在真空膜泡稳定器 7的内环 壁与膜泡 1之间设有间隙 9, 在真空膜泡稳定器 7的内环壁的上下边缘 与膜泡 1之间设有柔性气封环 7-6。
在本发明中为了便于将真空泵 8吸入到真空膜泡稳定器 7内腔中 的水分技术被排泄出去， 使其不会进入到真空泵内， 进一步优选的实 施方案还有， 可以在真空膜泡稳定器 7的环壁的底部还设有与空腔 7-1 连通的抽水管 7-5 , 抽水管 7-5位于环壁外的一端与抽水泵 10连接。
在本发明中对于尺寸比较大的膜泡， 为了便于真空膜泡稳定器 7 的加工制造及安装、 调试和维修， 进一步优选的实施方案还有， 真空 膜泡稳定器 7可为一整体环， 或至少由两段拼接而成， 且每段之间相 互连通。
在本发明中为了适应一些经常需要变换膜泡直径的塑料挤出装 置的需要， 进一步优选的实施方案还有， 真空膜泡稳定器 7的内环为 直径可调的结构。
在本发明中为了便于简化真空膜泡稳定器 7结构， 使其便于加工 制造， 便于适应和维护保养， 进一步优选的实施方案还有， 真空膜泡 稳定器 7与环形垂直的截面为矩形。
在本发明中为了保持生产装置及膜泡的清洁，延长装置的使用寿 命， 减轻膜泡稳定装置的整体重量， 进一步优选的技术方案还有， 真 空膜泡稳定器 7可由不锈钢、 铝材、 塑料、 橡胶和复合材料中的至少 一种制成。
在本发明中为了将从口模挤出的塑料膜泡迅速冷却定型，同时减 少设备的体积， 使冷水却能够得到快速的回收， 进一步优选的实施方 案还有， 进水环 3与回水环 4均为设有空腔的整体， 且进水环 3与回水 环 4相邻， 在进水环 3的内环上端设有溢流口 3-1 , 在回水环 4的内环面 上均布有与空腔相连通的网孔和 /或环形柔性刮片， 在进水环与回水 环的环壁上分别设有进水管与出水管。
在本发明中为了便于将成型后的膜泡卷绕回收，同时使膜泡不间 断的形成， 进一步优选的实施方案还有， 牵引机构 6包括两根相互挤 压传动的驱动辊， 驱动辊位于导向结构 5的下端， 导向结构 5为呈 V形 设置的导向板， 或为呈 V形排列的两排传送辊。 工业实用性
本发明是用于生产挤出薄膜，主要用于环形向下挤出水冷流延薄 膜的加工。 此工艺为熔体塑料由挤出口模向下挤出后， 通过向膜泡的 内部吹气和膜泡外部的水冷定型形成膜泡， 但由于膜泡的体积较大， 内压较小，在连续拉伸的生产过程中膜泡不够稳定，易于摆动、漂移， 从而导致薄膜表面起皱， 由此直接影响加工的稳定性和薄膜的质量。 而本发明釆用了一种结构简单且膜泡稳定效果显著的真空膜泡稳定 结构， 从而彻底解决了现有技术中膜泡不稳定的技术问题。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式， 应当指出， 对于本技术领 域的普通技术人员来说， 在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下， 还可以 做出若干改进和润饰， 这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种挤出薄膜的生产装置， 所述装置用于环形向下挤出水冷 流延薄膜的加工，所述生产装置包括由上至下依次设置用于形成塑料 膜泡的挤出口模、用于将膜泡冷却成型的进水环、用于将冷却水回收 的回水环、用于将膜泡压成折膜的导向结构和用于牵引吹膜连续成型 的牵引机构， 其特征在于， 在所述回水环与导向结构之间至少设有一 个使膜泡的局部环形外表面形成 -0.35— 30kPa真空度的真空膜泡稳定 器。
2、 如权利要求 1所述挤出薄膜的生产装置， 其特征在于， 所述真 空膜泡稳定器为设有空腔的环，在所述真空膜泡稳定器的内环表面均 布有与空腔相连通的网孔，在所述真空膜泡稳定器的环壁上还设有与 空腔连通的抽气管， 所述抽气管位于环壁外的一端与真空泵连接； 所 述真空膜泡稳定器的内环与进水环和回水环的内环为同心设置。
3、 如权利要求 2所述挤出薄膜的生产装置， 其特征在于， 在所述 真空膜泡稳定器的内环壁与膜泡之间设有间隙，在所述真空膜泡稳定 器的内环壁的上下边缘与膜泡之间设有柔性气封环。
4、 如权利要求 2所述挤出薄膜的生产装置， 其特征在于， 在所述 真空膜泡稳定器的环壁的底部还设有与空腔连通的抽水管，所述抽水 管位于环壁外的一端与抽水泵连接。
5、 如权利要求 2所述挤出薄膜的生产装置， 其特征在于， 所述真 空膜泡稳定器为一整体环， 或至少由两段拼接而成， 且每段空腔之间 相互连通。
6、 如权利要求 2所述挤出薄膜的生产装置， 其特征在于， 所述真 空膜泡稳定器的内环为直径可调结构。
7、 如权利要求 2所述挤出薄膜的生产装置， 其特征在于， 所述真 空膜泡稳定器与环形垂直的截面为矩形。
8、 如权利要求 1至 7中任意一项所述挤出薄膜的生产装置， 其特 征在于， 所述的真空膜泡稳定器由不锈钢、 铝材、 塑料、 橡胶和复合 材料中的至少一种制成。
9、 如权利要求 8所述挤出薄膜的生产装置， 其特征在于， 所述进 水环与回水环均为设有空腔的整体， 且进水环与回水环相邻， 在所述 进水环的内环上端设有溢流口，在所述回水环的内环面上均布有与空 腔相连通的网孔和 /或环形柔性刮片， 在所述进水环与回水环的环壁 上分别设有进水管与出水管。
10、 如权利要求 8所述挤出薄膜的生产装置， 其特征在于， 所述 牵引机构包括两根相互挤压传动的驱动辊，所述驱动辊位于导向结构 的下端， 所述导向结构为呈 V形设置的导向板， 或为呈 V形排列的两 排传送辊。
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CN114770914A (zh) * 2022-03-24 2022-07-22 广州市普同实验分析仪器有限公司 膜泡定型装置
CN114770902A (zh) * 2022-04-29 2022-07-22 福建连众智惠实业有限公司 一种真空水环系统

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