WO2014109438A1 - Souche cellulaire de microalgue cholorella à production élevée d'amidon et de lipides isolée de l'océan arctique et utilisation correspondante - Google Patents

Souche cellulaire de microalgue cholorella à production élevée d'amidon et de lipides isolée de l'océan arctique et utilisation correspondante Download PDF

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WO2014109438A1
WO2014109438A1 PCT/KR2013/004441 KR2013004441W WO2014109438A1 WO 2014109438 A1 WO2014109438 A1 WO 2014109438A1 KR 2013004441 W KR2013004441 W KR 2013004441W WO 2014109438 A1 WO2014109438 A1 WO 2014109438A1
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cell line
lipid
chlorella
lipids
weight
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Korean (ko)
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정원중
안준우
유장렬
최한구
박연일
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한국생명공학연구원
한국해양과학기술원
충남대학교산학협력단
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    • C12P7/02Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
    • C12P7/04Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
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    • C12P7/64Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
    • C12P7/6436Fatty acid esters
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    • C12P7/00Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
    • C12P7/64Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
    • C12P7/6436Fatty acid esters
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    • C12R2001/00Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
    • C12R2001/89Algae ; Processes using algae
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P30/00Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
    • Y02P30/20Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock

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  • the present invention relates to a microalgal chlorella cell line that accumulates high concentrations of functional starch and lipids and its use, and more particularly, to a microalgal chlorella cell line that can be used for producing biodiesel and functional lipids.
  • Chlorella ArM29B cell line according to the present invention has been identified as a cell line that accumulates starch and lipids at high concentrations during culture, and can be cultured under various temperature conditions, and can be specifically stained with neutral oil droplets in cells. It is an industrially useful microalgae that confirms the accumulation of high concentrations of lipids by analysis.
  • biodiesel production per unit area of microalgae (when oil content is 30%) is about 58,700 L / ha, which is 130 times higher than 446 L / ha of soybean.
  • Microalgae are considered to be the only resource that can produce biodiesel to replace diesel produced from fossil fuels in the long term due to various advantages such as cultivation using idle cropland, ease of strain improvement, and food problems.
  • the biological conversion and treatment of carbon dioxide is an environmentally friendly method by using photosynthesis, which is the basic principle of natural material circulation, and the process is performed at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, and the produced biomass is used as a useful material. There is an advantage.
  • bioenergy production materials biomaterials
  • biodiesel research using microalgae has been used to select lipid species and produce lipids.
  • cell non-destructive extraction method and the cell high-density culture method large-scale lipid-producing microalgae Chlorella and Chlamydomonas cell lines are cultured to produce renewable energy such as biofuels, bio compounds such as food additives or medical materials, and beta.
  • antioxidants such as carotenoids.
  • microalgae Cholella, Dunalliela, Haematococcus, Spirilluna, etc.
  • microalgae especially Botryococcus, Schiochytrium, etc.
  • research and development are mainly focused on finding an optimal culture condition for increasing lipid content.
  • microalgae that accumulate lipids at high concentrations typically accumulate lipid bodies within cells.
  • microalgae that accumulate lipids at high concentrations are limited in some, and it is common to accumulate lipids at optimum temperatures and specific culture conditions.
  • Korean Patent Publication No. 2011-0125576 discloses a lipid-producing microalgae Chlamydomonas cell line isolated from the Arctic Ocean and its use
  • Japanese Patent No. 3004510 discloses a process for producing ethanol from microalgae.
  • no starch and lipid high-producing microalgae chlorella cell lines isolated from the Arctic ocean as in the present invention and their use are not known.
  • the present invention is derived from the above requirements, the present invention is to provide a material for the production of biodiesel and functional lipids by accumulating starch and lipids at a high concentration while being able to grow at various temperature conditions.
  • the present inventors screened chlorella cell lines in polar microalgae by GC analysis and nile red staining in order to select microalgae that have high lipid content and can be developed for higher fatty acid production and bioenergy.
  • the present invention was completed by selecting a well growing chlorella ArM29B cell line accumulating high levels of starch and lipids in.
  • Chlorella ArM29B Chlorella sp. ArM29B cell line, which is a high production microalgae derived from the Arctic ocean.
  • the present invention provides a microbial preparation for lipid preparation, comprising the cell line or its culture as an active ingredient.
  • the present invention also provides a method for producing a lipid, which comprises culturing the cell line and separating the lipid from the culture solution.
  • the present invention is prepared by the above method, and includes oleic acid (C18: 1) and linoleic acid (C18: 2) as main fatty acids, oleic acid (C18: 1) and linoleic acid (C18: 2). ) To 50-60% by weight of total lipids, and to 10% or less by weight of polyunsaturated fatty acids.
  • the present invention also provides a method of producing biodiesel comprising culturing the cell line, separating lipids from the culture medium, and transesterifying the lipids to produce fatty acid esters and glycerol.
  • the present invention also provides a method for producing glycerol comprising culturing the cell line, separating lipids from the culture medium, and transesterifying the lipids to produce fatty acid esters and glycerol.
  • Chlorella ArM29B cell line according to the present invention has been identified as a cell line that accumulates starch and lipids at high concentrations during culture, and can be cultured under various temperature conditions, and can be specifically stained with neutral oil droplets in cells. By confirming the accumulation of high concentrations of lipids in the assay, it can be used as a source of biodiesel and functional lipid production.
  • Chlorella ArM29B cell line accumulates high concentrations of lipids during the culture, which is suitable for microalgae for biodiesel, and grows well above the freezing temperature, so there is no need to adjust the temperature conditions during the cultivation. Cultivation and production are economically possible.
  • Figure 1 shows the results identified by Chlorella ArM29B cell line ( Chlorella sp. ArM29B). ArM29B and Chlorella sp. Chlorella Thoreau Kearney Ana (Chlorella sorokiniana, HM101339), Chlorella Pierre noisy guru (Chlorella pyrenoidosa, AB240145), brother Zeno Chlorella prototype Te Koi Death (Auxenochlorella protothecoides, EU038285), Chlorella Beria Billy's (Chlorella variabilis, AB260903), and shows a sequence comparison of the rbc L gene of chlorella vulgaris (chlorella vulgaris, AB260909).
  • Figure 2 shows the results of analysis of the growth rate of chlorella ArM29B cell line of the present invention at various temperatures.
  • Figure 3 shows that the growth of the chlorella ArM29B cell line in the conditions of the highest temperature when the temperature reaches 36 °C water temperature.
  • FIG. 4 shows the results of observing starch granules and lipid droplets upon electron microscopy of cells cultured under nitrogen deficiency conditions of the Chlorella ArM29B cell line.
  • (a) is a result of confocal microscopy of ArM29B cells, with bars indicating 5 ⁇ m.
  • (B) shows the results of TEM analysis of ArM29B cells, with bars indicating 1 ⁇ m; S is starch granules, L is geological remains.
  • C is the result of observing the geological site of ArM29B by Nile red staining. Yellow and red represent geological remains and chloroplasts, respectively.
  • Each fatty acid and total fatty acid is expressed in mg / cell dry weight.
  • Figure 6 shows the change in the starch and fatty acid content in the cell according to the culture period in Chlorella ArM29B cell line.
  • the present invention provides a Chlorella sp. Cell line which is a starch and lipid-producing microalgae derived from the Arctic ocean.
  • the cell line is preferably a Chlorella sp. ArM29B cell line (KCTC 12331BP).
  • the chlorella ArM29B cell line collected samples from sea ice in the Arctic Ocean, was selected by single colonies formed by plating on agar medium, was identified through 18S rDNA and rbcL gene sequencing, starch and lipid high production chlorella ArM29B cell line It was confirmed.
  • the starch and lipid high production chlorella ArM29B cell line was deposited on 3 December 2012 by the Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KCTC) (Accession No .: KCTC 12331BP).
  • the cell line may accumulate starch and lipids at high concentrations, preferably, the starch and lipid production of the cell line are 25 to 35% and 35 to 45%, respectively, per cell weight of the cell line. More preferably, the cell line starch and lipid production may be 30% and 39% per cell line dry weight, respectively, but is not limited thereto.
  • the cell line may accumulate high concentrations of starch and lipids at various culture temperatures, and preferably, the culture temperature may be 4 ° C. to 36 ° C., but is not limited thereto. Do not.
  • the cell line may produce a lipid including oleic acid (C18: 1) and linoleic acid (C18: 2) as the main fatty acid, preferably the oleic acid ( C18: 1) and the content of linoleic acid (C18: 2) may be 50 to 60% based on the total lipid weight, and most preferably 53 to 55%, but is not limited thereto.
  • the cell line may contain a polyhydric unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content of 10% or less based on the total lipid weight, and most preferably 6-7% based on the total lipid weight, but is not limited thereto. Do not.
  • PUFA polyhydric unsaturated fatty acid
  • the cell line may grow well in both fresh water and sea water, but is not limited thereto.
  • the present invention provides a microbial preparation for lipid preparation, comprising the cell line or its culture as an active ingredient.
  • the microbial agent may include the Chlorella ArM29B cell line as an active ingredient, and may be effectively used for mass production of biooil.
  • the mass produced biooil may be used to produce biodiesel through a transesterification process.
  • the lipid contains 50 to 60% of oleic acid (C18: 1) and linoleic acid (C18: 2) based on the total lipid weight, and polyunsaturated fatty acid as a whole lipid It may contain up to 10% by weight, preferably containing 53 to 55% of oleic acid (C18: 1) and linoleic acid (C18: 2) by weight of total lipids, polyunsaturated fatty acids total lipids It may be contained in 6 to 7% by weight, but is not limited thereto.
  • the present invention also provides a method for producing a lipid, which comprises culturing the cell line and separating the lipid from the culture solution.
  • the cell line may accumulate lipids at high concentrations at various culture temperatures, and the culture temperature may preferably be 4 ° C to 36 ° C.
  • the method for separating lipids from cell line culture may use any method known in the art.
  • the present invention also provides a lipid produced by the method for producing the lipid.
  • the lipid according to an embodiment of the present invention includes oleic acid (C18: 1) and linoleic acid (C18: 2) as the main fatty acid, and includes oleic acid (C18: 1) and linoleic acid (C18: 2). 50 to 60% by weight of total lipids, polyunsaturated fatty acids can be contained up to 10% by weight of total lipids, preferably oleic acid (C18: 1) and linoleic acid (C18: 2) 53 to 55% by weight of total lipids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids may be contained 6 to 7% by weight of total lipids, but is not limited thereto.
  • the invention also comprises the steps of culturing the cell line of the invention.
  • biodiesel comprising transesterifying the lipid to produce fatty acid esters and glycerol.
  • the culturing of the cell line may preferably be carried out at a temperature of 4 °C to 36 °C.
  • the cell line culture medium a medium commonly used in the art may be used.
  • the fatty acid ester may preferably be, but is not limited to, methyl ester or ethyl ester.
  • the biodiesel may be produced in the form of methyl ester or ethyl ester by the transesterification process of fatty acids included in the biomass, and glycerol may be produced as a by-product of the transesterification process.
  • the transesterification process refers to a method of transforming a large, branched molecular structure of fat contained in biomass into small, straight chain molecules required by a regular diesel engine.
  • Triton X-100 or Tween 60 may be added as the emulsifier in the transesterification process, but is not limited thereto.
  • the emulsifier promotes interfacial stability of the biooil and mixes well to increase the reaction yield, thereby reducing the cost of recovering the biodiesel.
  • sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide may be used as the reaction catalyst in the transesterification process, but is not limited thereto.
  • the biodiesel may have the following advantages as a biofuel; (1) Biofuels can be easily obtained from common biomass resources. (2) Biofuels represent the circulation of carbon dioxide in combustion. (3) Biofuels have the potential to be environmentally friendly. (4) The use of biofuels benefits the environment, the economy and consumers. (5) Biofuels can be broken down into harmless substances by microorganisms and contribute to sustainability.
  • the invention also comprises the steps of culturing the cell line of the invention.
  • Transesterifying the lipid to produce a fatty acid ester and glycerol provides a method for producing glycerol.
  • the cell line culture temperature and the medium and lipid separation method are as described above.
  • the glycerol is a lubricant, ointment or suppository, pharmaceuticals, enema, food or cosmetics drying agent or scouring agent, antifreeze, coolant, paint, pigment, printing ink, transparent soap, laboratory analytical reagents, solvents, cellophane , Adhesives, alkyd resins or dynamite may be used in the manufacture of, but is not limited thereto.
  • the samples collected on sea ice of the fertility base were incubated in agar medium and serially diluted to separate microalgae.
  • the isolated green microalgal colonies were then selected by culturing on Tris-acetate-phosphate (TAP) medium (Harris 1989 The chlamydomonas sourcebook: a comprehensive guide to biology and laboratory use.Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 780).
  • TEP Tris-acetate-phosphate
  • Sterile lines were analyzed under the microscope and named ArM29B.
  • genomic DNA was isolated and the rbcL gene was amplified by PCR amplification according to the method of Hoham et al. (Hoham et al. 2002 J. Phycol. 38, 1051-1064) and nucleotide sequence was determined.
  • ArM29B and Chlorella vulgaris UTEX 395 ( Chlorella vulgaris UTEX 395) were used.
  • ArM29B cells were able to grow in TAP medium with 300 mM NaCl added, but better when no NaCl was added.
  • To analyze the growth rate about 2 ⁇ 10 5 cells were inoculated in 50 ml TAP liquid medium and cultured under continuous light conditions of 40 ⁇ mol ⁇ 2 s ⁇ 1 with suspension culture at 200 rpm at 4, 15, and 25 ° C. temperature conditions. The extent of proliferation of cells was measured every 24 hours for 9 days by absorbance (OD 750 ).
  • TAP nitrogen deficient TAP (NH 4 Cl removed from TAP salt) medium and incubated at 25 ° C., and cells were harvested and used for analysis on day 12 and day 15.
  • Lyophilized 20 mg of cells were isolated from whole lipids according to the method of Sasser (1990 Identification of bacteria by gas chromatography of cellular fatty acids.Microbial ID Inc., Newark, Del). After that, fatty acids were extracted using Hexane / methyl tert-butyl ether (1: 1). Fatty acid analysis was performed using GC (YL 6100 GC, Young Lin, Korea). The detector used a flame ionization detector (FID), and the components (each FAME) of each fatty acid were identified and determined using a Supelco® 37 Component FAME Mix (Sigma, USA).
  • FID flame ionization detector
  • nile red (1 ⁇ g / ml, 9-diethylamino-5H-benzo [a] phenoxazine-5-one; Sigma-Aldrich, USA
  • Stained intracellular lipids were observed with a confocal microscope (Zeiss LSM 5 PASCAL confocal microscope system with PASCAL version 4.0 software (Jena, Germany)).
  • the rbcL sequence of ArM29B showed very high identity with chlorella species; Chlorella Pierre D'Dosa (Chlorella pyrenoidosa, 96%), Chlorella vulgaris (Chlorella vulgaris, 94%) ( Figure 1). However, it showed a homology of 90% or less with other microalgae including Chlamydomonas and Senedesmus . ArM29B was thus classified as Chlorella sp. Comparing the growth rate at various temperatures showed faster growth than the control Chlorella vulgaris at all temperatures investigated (Fig. 2). In particular, although the natural habitat of ArM29B was polar, it grew rapidly even at 25 ° C. (FIG. 2), and in outdoor culture, even at 36 ° C. (FIG. 3).
  • ArM29B cells are spherical with a diameter of 4-8 ⁇ m and do not have flagella.
  • Cells cultured under nitrogen deprivation conditions were filled with starch granules and lipid droplets upon electron microscopy (FIG. 4).
  • Fatty acid analysis by GC analysis showed that the total fatty acid content was 39% of dry weight and the major fatty acids were C16: 0, C18: 1 and C18: 2 (FIG. 5).
  • the C18: 1 and C18: 2 fatty acids were very high (54%) and the polyhydric unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) containing three or more double bonds was very low (7%). This low content of PUFAs and high content of C18: 1 and C18: 2 fatty acids indicate very good use for biodiesel production.
  • PUFA polyhydric unsaturated fatty acid

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne une nouvelle microalgue Chlorella sp. destinée à accumuler de l'amidon et des lipides fonctionnels à des concentrations élevées. Il a été confirmé que la souche cellulaire de Chlorella sp. ArM29B selon la présente invention est une souche cellulaire qui accumule l'amidon et les lipides à des concentrations élevées pendant la culture. Elle peut être cultivée dans différentes conditions de température. Il a été confirmé qu'elle accumule les lipides à une concentration élevée par l'analyse au rouge nil, dans laquelle une goutte d'huile neutre peut être colorée spécifiquement dans une cellule, ce qui permet l'utilisation de la souche cellulaire comme matière pour du biodiesel et une production de lipides fonctionnels. De plus, la souche cellulaire de Chlorella sp. ArM29B est appropriée comme microalgue pour une utilisation comme biodiesel puisque les lipides sont accumulés à une concentration élevée pendant la culture. Elle ne nécessite pas de conditions de température particulières pendant la culture, puisque la souche cellulaire croît bien à au moins la température de congélation. Elle peut être produite pendant toute l'année puisque la souche cellulaire croît bien à toutes les saisons parmi le printemps, l'été, l'automne et l'hiver.
PCT/KR2013/004441 2013-01-09 2013-05-21 Souche cellulaire de microalgue cholorella à production élevée d'amidon et de lipides isolée de l'océan arctique et utilisation correspondante WO2014109438A1 (fr)

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KR101918272B1 (ko) * 2017-06-28 2018-11-13 재단법인 탄소순환형 차세대 바이오매스 생산전환 기술연구단 C16 및 c18의 지방산을 포함한 지질 생산성 및 세포 생장률이 우수한 클로렐라 불가리스 abc-008 균주 및 이의 용도
KR101918271B1 (ko) * 2017-06-28 2018-11-19 재단법인 탄소순환형 차세대 바이오매스 생산전환 기술연구단 C16 및 c18의 지방산을 포함한 지질 생산성 및 세포 생장률이 우수한 클로렐라 불가리스 abc-002 균주 및 이의 용도
KR101855733B1 (ko) * 2017-10-17 2018-05-09 재단법인 탄소순환형 차세대 바이오매스 생산전환 기술연구단 고농도의 이산화탄소 및 고염 조건에서 지질 생산성 및 세포 생장률이 우수한 클로렐라 속 abc-001 균주 및 이의 용도
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