WO2014082465A1 - 一种多连杆悬架结构 - Google Patents

一种多连杆悬架结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014082465A1
WO2014082465A1 PCT/CN2013/080547 CN2013080547W WO2014082465A1 WO 2014082465 A1 WO2014082465 A1 WO 2014082465A1 CN 2013080547 W CN2013080547 W CN 2013080547W WO 2014082465 A1 WO2014082465 A1 WO 2014082465A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
control arm
assembly
mounting bracket
limit rod
suspension structure
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PCT/CN2013/080547
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
明宇
Original Assignee
奇瑞汽车股份有限公司
芜湖普威技研有限公司
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Application filed by 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司, 芜湖普威技研有限公司 filed Critical 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司
Publication of WO2014082465A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014082465A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G7/00Pivoted suspension arms; Accessories thereof
    • B60G7/001Suspension arms, e.g. constructional features
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G3/00Resilient suspensions for a single wheel
    • B60G3/18Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram
    • B60G3/20Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram all arms being rigid
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G7/00Pivoted suspension arms; Accessories thereof
    • B60G7/005Ball joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/10Independent suspensions
    • B60G2200/18Multilink suspensions, e.g. elastokinematic arrangements
    • B60G2200/182Multilink suspensions, e.g. elastokinematic arrangements with one longitudinal arm or rod and lateral rods
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/416Ball or spherical joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/10Constructional features of arms
    • B60G2206/11Constructional features of arms the arm being a radius or track or torque or steering rod or stabiliser end link

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of automobile suspension, in particular to a multi-link suspension structure. Background technique
  • Multi-link suspension refers to a suspension structure consisting of three or more connecting rods.
  • a set of suspension mechanisms that connect the wheels to the vehicle body through various link configurations to provide control in multiple directions to make the wheels more Reliable driving track.
  • the multi-link suspension consists of three parts: the elastic element, the damper and the force-transmitting device. These three parts act as buffering, damping and force transmission.
  • the damper is designed to accelerate the vibration of the body. It is the most sophisticated and complex mechanical part of the suspension mechanism.
  • the car suspension is an important part to ensure ride comfort.
  • the car suspension is used as a force-transmitting mechanism for connecting the frame (or the load-bearing body) with the axle (or the wheel), and is also an important component for ensuring the safety of the vehicle.
  • the most widely used suspension systems in automobiles are McPherson suspension, double wishbone suspension, torsion beam suspension, trailing arm suspension, leaf spring suspension and multi-link suspension.
  • the front suspension system uses a MacPherson suspension and a double wishbone suspension.
  • the rear suspension system mostly uses a torsion beam suspension and a multi-link suspension.
  • the multi-link suspension has good control performance, high comfort and more and more being used by high-end cars.
  • the inventors have found that at least the following problems exist in the prior art: Since the multi-link suspension is integrated with the axle, the mass under the spring is large, so the impact energy generated by the bumpy road surface to the vehicle body is relatively large, and the ride comfort is poor. Therefore, if the tire is used as a reference for the body, it will jump up and down, affecting the comfort of the ride.
  • embodiments of the present invention provide a multi-link suspension structure.
  • the limit rod assembly structure By setting the limit rod assembly structure, the problem of easy cracking of the sheet metal body at the installation point of the damper is solved while ensuring good handling and comfort of the vehicle.
  • the technical solution is as follows:
  • a multi-link suspension structure the suspension structure comprises: a lower rear control arm, a limit rod assembly, an upper control arm mounting bracket, a lower rear trailing arm mounting bracket, a sub-frame, a lower front control arm mounting bracket , trailing arm mounting bracket, damper mounting plate, damper assembly, spring assembly, upper control arm, lower front control arm, steering knuckle, trailing arm, ball joint assembly, village sleeve assembly;
  • the limit rod assembly is coupled between the control arm and the lower front control arm through the ball joint assembly and the village sleeve assembly, and the limit rod assembly is used to reduce the wheel load to jump to the limit. The load that the limiter block is subjected to in the damper assembly.
  • the limit bar assembly includes: an upper limit position bar and a lower limit position bar, wherein the upper limit position bar and the lower limit position bar are coupled together by the ball joint assembly, and the other end is respectively mounted with the The village sleeve assembly is fixed to the pre-designed installation position of the upper control arm and the lower front control arm, respectively.
  • the lower front control arm mounting bracket, the lower rear trailing arm mounting bracket and the upper control arm mounting bracket of the suspension structure are respectively welded to the designed position on the sub-frame, and the lower rear One ends of the control arm, the lower front control arm, the upper control arm and the trailing arm are coupled with a preset mounting point on the steering knuckle; the other end of the lower rear control arm and the lower rear
  • the trailing arm mounting bracket is coupled; the other end of the lower front control arm is coupled to the lower front control arm mounting bracket, and the other end of the upper control arm is coupled to the upper control arm mounting bracket;
  • the other end of the arm is coupled to the trailing arm mounting bracket.
  • the trailing arm mounting bracket is pre-installed with a mounting point for coupling to a mounting position on the longitudinal beam of the vehicle body;
  • the lower rear control arm is provided with a spring mounting seat for mounting the spring assembly
  • One end of the spring assembly is fixed and the other end of the spring assembly is mounted and fixed to a spring mount provided on the longitudinal beam of the vehicle body.
  • the damper assembly includes a buffer limit block, and the lower end of the damper assembly is fixed to a preset position of the knuckle, and the upper end of the damper assembly passes the
  • the damper mounting plate is attached to the body or to the top of the body wheel cover.
  • a mounting point of the upper limit lever on the upper control arm to the upper control arm mounting bracket The distance at the hard point is different from the distance from the mounting point of the lower limit lever on the lower front control arm to the hard point of the lower front control arm mounting bracket, that is, the upper limit rod and the outer end of the lower limit rod
  • the connection is not parallel to the connection of the hard point of the upper control arm and the lower front control arm mounting bracket, and the total length of the upper limit rod and the lower limit rod is greater than the other two outer ends after installation The length of the connection.
  • an angle is formed between the upper limit rod and the lower limit rod, and the angle is 25-30 degrees.
  • the ball joint assembly includes at least a ball head and a dust jacket, the ball head is disposed in the dust jacket, and the upper limit lever and the lower limit lever are respectively fixed on the upper side, On the lower dust jacket, the upper and lower limit rods are rotated along the ball head.
  • the village sleeve assembly includes at least an outer sleeve, an inner sleeve, and a rubber block, and the rubber block is disposed between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve, and the outer sleeve is fixed on the upper sleeve On the control arm and the lower front control arm, the outer ends of the upper limit rod and the lower limit rod are disposed in the inner sleeve.
  • the novel multi-link suspension structure ensures the advantages of the existing multi-link suspension, and reduces the limit block in the damper when the wheel is loaded to the limit position by the set limit rod assembly structure.
  • the load is loaded, so that the multi-link suspension eliminates the large load shock at the installation of the damper, avoids the problem that the damper is installed at the point of the body, and reduces the vertical load on the wheel. Impact on the body to improve ride comfort.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multi-link suspension according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a limit rod assembly of a multi-link suspension according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a ball joint assembly of a multi-link suspension according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a village casing assembly of a multi-link suspension according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a right side view showing a structure of a village casing assembly of the multi-link suspension according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the symbols in the figure indicate the meanings as follows:
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-link suspension structure, which eliminates a large load impact at the installation of the damper and reduces the vertical load on the wheel when jumping.
  • the impact of the ride improves the comfort of the ride.
  • the novel suspension structure mainly comprises: a lower rear control arm 1, a limit rod assembly 2, an upper control arm mounting bracket 3, a lower rear trailing arm mounting bracket 4, a sub-frame 5, a lower front control arm mounting bracket 6, Trailing arm mounting bracket 7, damper mounting plate 8, damper assembly 9, spring assembly 10, upper control arm 11, lower front control arm 12, knuckle 13 3, trailing arm 14, ball joint assembly 15. Village assembly 16 and other parts.
  • the lower front control arm mounting bracket 6, the lower rear trailing arm mounting bracket 4 and the upper control arm mounting bracket 3 of the novel suspension structure are respectively welded to the designed position on the sub-frame 5, During the welding process of each bracket, the position of the hard point of the coupled component is ensured to be accurate for mounting the corresponding component; one end of the lower rear control arm 1, the lower front control arm 12, the upper control arm 11 and the trailing arm 14
  • the preset mounting points on the steering knuckle 13 are coupled in phase; the other end of the lower rear control arm 1 is coupled to the lower rear trailing arm mounting bracket 4; the other end of the lower front control arm 12 is
  • the front control arm mounting bracket 6 is coupled, the other end of the upper control arm 11 is coupled to the upper control arm mounting bracket 3; the other end of the trailing arm 14 is coupled to the trailing arm mounting bracket 7 ; said
  • the limit lever assembly 2 is coupled between the upper control arm 11 and the lower front control arm 12 via the ball joint assembly 15 and the village sleeve assembly 16.
  • a mounting point is pre-positioned on the trailing arm mounting bracket 7 for coupling to a mounting position on the longitudinal beam of the vehicle body; the lower rear control arm 1 is provided with a spring mounting seat for mounting the spring assembly 10 One end is fixed and the other end of the spring assembly 10 is mounted and fixed to a spring mount provided on the longitudinal member of the vehicle body.
  • a damper is installed in parallel with the elastic element in the suspension, and the damper assembly 9 includes a buffer limit block for preventing the vertical displacement of the wheel from being excessively large.
  • the wheel wheel cover collides; the lower end of the damper assembly 9 is fixed to a preset position of the knuckle 13 , and the upper end of the damper assembly 9 is fixed to the vehicle through the damper mounting plate 8 On the body; when the wheel jumps to the design limit position, the limit block is crushed and will bear all vertical loads except the spring load.
  • the mounting position of the damper mounting plate 8 is usually designed on the top of the body wheel cover, where the wheel cover sheet is weak and can easily cause fatigue cracking.
  • the lower limit rods 2.2 are coupled together by a ball joint assembly 15, and the other end is respectively mounted with a village sleeve assembly 16 and fixed to the upper control arm 11 and the lower front control arm 12 respectively.
  • the mounting position of the upper control arm 1 on the upper control arm 1 is at a distance from the hard point of the upper control arm mounting bracket 3 and the lower limit lever on the lower front control arm 12.
  • connection point of 2 to the lower front control arm mounting bracket 6 is not the same as the hard point, that is, the upper limit rod 2.1 and the lower limit rod 2.2 outer connecting line c are not parallel to the upper control
  • the arm 11 and the lower front control arm 12 are connected to the hard points of the bracket d and e, the upper limit rod 2.1 and the lower limit rod 2.2 total length a + b is greater than after installation The length of the line c of the two outer endpoints.
  • the ball head 15 is a conventional general structure, and may be purchased from a finished product, including at least a ball head 15.1, a dust jacket 15.2, etc.;
  • the upper and lower limit rods can be welded along the upper and lower dust sleeves 15. 2, respectively.
  • the outer casing 16.1 is welded to the upper sleeve 16.1
  • the outer sleeve 16.1 is welded to the upper sleeve
  • the inner end of the inner sleeve 16.2 is disposed in the outer sleeve of the upper sleeve.
  • the upper limit rod 2.1 and the lower limit rod 2.2 form a certain angle ⁇ , the angle ranges from 25 degrees to 30 degrees, and the wheel jumps.
  • the angle ⁇ gradually becomes smaller, and the center of the ball joint gradually moves to the connection point of the upper and lower limit rods 2.1, 2. 2 village center.
  • the limit bar assembly 2 begins to function, and the upper limit position of the wheel is determined according to different wheel jump limits. The total length of 2 or the size of the angle.
  • Mounting points on the upper control arm 11 and the lower front control arm 12 are respectively designed to cooperate with the upper limit lever 2.1 and the lower limit lever 2.
  • the lower control arm is provided on the upper control arm 11 and the lower limit lever 2. 2 in the lower front control arm.
  • the distance between the two ends of the rod 2. 2 and the center point of the ball joint will be in a straight line after the wheel has jumped to a certain height. If the wheel continues to jump, the upper limit rod 2.1 and the lower limit rod 2.2 do not rotate relative to each other at the ball joint, and the distance between the two short points does not change.
  • the limit rod will withstand a certain pulling force, preventing the distance between the upper control arm 11 and the lower front control arm 12 from changing, thereby limiting the continued jump of the wheel.
  • the lower end of the ball joint and the upper limit rod 2. The lower limit rod 2.
  • the lower limit rod 2. The lower limit rod 2.
  • the lower limit rod 2. After the two ends of the two points form a straight line, the distance between the two ends will continue to increase until the village sleeve is stuck; through the structure of the limit rod assembly 2, the upper and lower limits of the wheel jump can be effectively ensured.
  • the pulling force of the rods 2. 1 and 2. 2 is gradually increased without causing a feeling of frustration similar to that of the upper jump.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

一种多连杆悬架结构,包括:下后控制臂(1)、限位杆总成(2)、上控制臂安装支架(3)、下后拖曳臂安装支架(4)、副车架(5)、下前控制臂安装支架(6)、拖曳臂安装支架(7)、减振器安装板(8)、减振器总成(9)、弹簧总成(10)、上控制臂(11)、下前控制臂(12)、转向节(13)、拖曳臂(14)、球铰总成(15)、衬套总成(16);上控制臂(11)和下前控制臂(12)之间通过球铰总成(15)、衬套总成(16)联接限位杆总成(2),限位杆总成(2)用以减少车轮受载跳到极限位置时减振器总成(9)内限位块承受的载荷。多连杆悬架消除了减振器安装处的大载荷冲击,避免了减振器安装在车身点位钣金开裂的问题。

Description

一种多连杆悬架结构
本申请要求于 201 3 年 8 月 1 5 日 提交中 国专利局、 申请号为 201210504814.X , 发明名称为 "一种多连杆悬架结构" 的中国专利申请的优先 权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及汽车悬架领域, 特别涉及一种多连杆悬架结构。 背景技术
多连杆悬架是指由三根或三根以上连杆拉杆构成的悬挂结构, 通过各种连 杆配置把车轮与车身相连的一套悬挂机构, 以提供多个方向的控制力, 使车轮 具有更加可靠的行驶轨迹。
多连杆悬架包括弹性元件, 减振器和传力装置等三部分, 这三部分分别起 缓冲, 减振和力的传递作用。 其中减振器是为了加速衰减车身的振动, 它是悬 架机构中最精密和复杂的机械件。
由于舒适性是轿车最重要的使用性能之一, 而舒适性与车身的固有振动特 性有关, 而车身的固有振动特性又与悬架的特性相关。 所以, 汽车悬架是保证 乘坐舒适性的重要部件。 同时, 汽车悬架做为车架(或承载式车身)与车桥 (或 车轮)之间作联接的传力机件, 又是保证汽车行驶安全的重要部件。
目前, 汽车中采用较为广泛的悬架系统有麦弗逊悬架、 双横臂悬架、 扭转 梁悬架、 拖曳臂悬架、 钢板弹簧悬架和多连杆悬架等。 通常, 前悬架系统多采 用麦弗逊悬架和双橫臂悬架。 后悬架系统多采用扭转梁悬架和多连杆悬架。 多 连杆悬架搡控性能好, 舒适性高而越来越多的被高端汽车所采用。
在实现本发明的过程中, 发明人发现现有技术至少存在以下问题: 由于多连杆悬架与车轴形成一体, 弹簧下方质量大, 所以颠簸路面对车身 产生的冲击能量比较大, 平顺性差; 从而使轮胎以车身为参照物的话, 将会上 下跳动, 影响乘坐的舒适性„
由于后轮悬架系统性能与车身重量有关, 而且高端车通常整车轴距较大, 替换页 (细则第 26条) 质量较重, 现有技术将后悬架减振器安装在车身上, 艮容易导致减振器安装在 车身上的点位强度不足而被撕裂。 发明内容
为了解决现有技术的问题, 本发明实施例提供了一种多连杆悬架结构。 通 过设置限位杆总成结构, 在保证汽车良好的操控性和舒适性的同时, 解决了减 振器安装点位车身钣金容易开裂的问题。 所述技术方案如下:
一种多连杆悬架结构, 所述悬架结构包括: 下后控制臂、 限位杆总成, 上 控制臂安装支架、 下后拖曳臂安装支架、 副车架、 下前控制臂安装支架、 拖曳 臂安装支架、 减振器安装板、 减振器总成、 弹簧总成、 上控制臂、 下前控制臂、 转向节、 拖曳臂、 球铰总成、 村套总成; 所述上控制臂和所述下前控制臂之间 通过所述球铰总成、 所述村套总成联接所述限位杆总成,所述限位杆总成用以 减少车轮受载跳到极限位置时所述减振器总成内限位块承受的载荷。
具体地, 所述限位杆总成包括: 上限位杆、 下限位杆, 所述上限位杆和所 述下限位杆一端通过所述球铰总成联接在一起, 另一端分别安装有所述村套总 成, 并分别固定于所述上控制臂和所述下前控制臂预先设计好的安装位置上。
具体地, 所述悬架结构的下前控制臂安装支架、 所述下后拖曳臂安装支架 和所述上控制臂安装支架分别焊接在所述副车架上设计好的位置, 所述下后控 制臂、 所述下前控制臂、 所述上控制臂和所述拖曳臂的一端与所述转向节上预 设的安装点位相联接; 所述下后控制臂的另一端与所述下后拖曳臂安装支架相 联接; 所述下前控制臂的另一端与所述下前控制臂安装支架相联接, 所述上控 制臂的另一端与所述上控制臂安装支架相联接; 所述拖曳臂的另一端与所述拖 曳臂安装支架相联接。
具体地, 所述拖曳臂安装支架上预设有安装点位, 用以联接到车身纵梁上 的安装位置; 所述下后控制臂上设置有弹簧安装座, 用以安装所述弹簧总成的 一端并固定, 所述弹簧总成的另一端安装并固定到车身纵梁上设置的弹簧安装 座内。
具体地, 所述减振器总成内包含有緩沖限位块, 所述减振器总成下端固联 到所述转向节的预设位置上, 所述减振器总成上端通过所述减振器安装板固联 到车身上或车身轮罩顶部。
进一步地, 所述上控制臂上的上限位杆的安装点到所述上控制臂安装支架 硬点处的距离与所述下前控制臂上的下限位杆的安装点到所述下前控制臂安 装支架硬点的距离不等, 即所述上限位杆和所述下限位杆外端点的连线不平行 于所述上控制臂和所述下前控制臂安装支架处硬点的连线, 所述上限位杆和所 述下限位杆联接的总长度大于安装后另外两外端点的连线的长度。
进一步地, 所述上限位杆和所述下限位杆之间形成有夹角, 角度为 25-30 度。
进一步地, 所述球铰总成至少包括球头、 防尘套, 所述球头设置在所述防 尘套内, 所述上限位杆和所述下限位杆分别固联在所述上、 下防尘套上, 所述 上、 下限位杆沿所述球头转动角度。
进一步地, 所述村套总成至少包括外套管、 内套管、 橡胶块, 所述外套管 与所述内套管之间设置有所述橡胶块, 所述外套管固联在所述上控制臂和所述 下前控制臂上, 所述上限位杆和所述下限位杆的外端设置在所述内套管内。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案带来的有益效果是:
本发明实施例新型多连杆悬架结构在保证现有多连杆悬架优点的同时, 通 过设置的限位杆总成结构, 减少车轮受载跳到极限位置时减振器内限位块承受 的载荷, 使多连杆悬架消除了减振器安装处的大载荷沖击, 避免了减振器安装 在车身点位钣金开裂的问题; 同时减小了车轮上跳时垂向载荷对车身的沖击, 改善乘坐的舒适性。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案, 下面将对实施例描述中所 需要使用的附图作筒单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明 的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1是本发明实施例提供的一种多连杆悬架结构示意图;
图 2是本发明实施例提供的多连杆悬架的限位杆总成结构示意图; 图 3是本发明实施例提供的多连杆悬架的球铰总成结构示意图;
图 4是本发明实施例提供的多连杆悬架的村套总成结构示意图的剖视图; 图 5是本发明实施例提供的多连杆悬架的村套总成结构示意图的右视图。 图中各符号表示含义如下:
1下后控制臂; 2限位杆总成; 2. 1 上限位杆; 2. 2 下限位杆;
3上控制臂安装支架; 4下后拖曳臂安装支架; 5副车架; 6下前控制臂安 装支架; 7 拖曳臂安装支架; 8 减振器安装板; 9减振器总成; 10 弹簧总成; 11上控制臂; 12 下前控制臂; 1 3 转向节; 14拖曳臂;
15球铰总成; 15. 1球头; 15. 2防尘套;
16村套总成; 16. 1外套管; 16. 2内套管; 16. 3橡胶块;
a下限位杆长度;
b上限位杆长度;
c上限位杆和下限位杆外端点的连线长度;
d上控制臂和下前控制臂后部安装支架处硬点的连线;
e上控制臂和下前控制臂前部安装支架处硬点的连线;
β上限位杆和下限位杆之间的夹角。 具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚, 下面将结合附图对本发明 实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
参见图 1所示, 本发明实施例提供了一种多连杆悬架结构, 该新型悬架消 除了减振器安装处的大载荷沖击, 减小了车轮上跳时垂向载荷对车身的沖击, 改善了乘坐的舒适性。 所述新型悬架结构主要包括: 下后控制臂 1、 限位杆总 成 2 , 上控制臂安装支架 3、 下后拖曳臂安装支架 4、 副车架 5、 下前控制臂安 装支架 6、 拖曳臂安装支架 7、 减振器安装板 8、 减振器总成 9、 弹簧总成 1 0、 上控制臂 11、 下前控制臂 12、 转向节 1 3、 拖曳臂 14、 球铰总成 15、 村套总成 16等零部件。
具体地, 作为优选, 所述新型悬架结构的下前控制臂安装支架 6、 下后拖 曳臂安装支架 4和上控制臂安装支架 3分别焊接在副车架 5上设计好的位置, 所述各支架焊接过程中, 保证被联接部件的硬点位置准确, 以便用于安装相应 的零部件; 所述下后控制臂 1、 下前控制臂 12、 上控制臂 11和拖曳臂 14的一 端与所述转向节 1 3上预设的安装点位相联接; 所述下后控制臂 1的另一端与 所述下后拖曳臂安装支架 4相联接; 所述下前控制臂 12的另一端与所述下前 控制臂安装支架 6相联接, 所述上控制臂 11的另一端与所述上控制臂安装支 架 3相联接; 所述拖曳臂 14的另一端与所述拖曳臂安装支架 7相联接; 所述 上控制臂 11和下前控制臂 12之间通过球铰总成 15、 村套总成 16联接限位杆 总成 2。
在所述拖曳臂安装支架 7上预设有安装点位, 用于联接到车身纵梁上的安 装位置; 所述下后控制臂 1上设置有弹簧安装座, 用于安装弹簧总成 10的一 端并固定, 所述弹簧总成 10 的另一端安装并固定到车身纵梁上设置的弹簧安 装座内。
为衰减振动, 改善汽车行驶平顺性, 在悬架中与弹性元件并联安装有减振 器, 所述减振器总成 9内包含有緩沖限位块, 用于防止车轮垂向跳动位移过大 和车轮轮罩相碰撞; 所述减振器总成 9下端固联到所述转向节 1 3的预设位置 上, 所述减振器总成 9上端通过减振器安装板 8固联到车身上; 车轮上跳到设 计的极限位置时, 限位块被压死, 将承担除弹簧分担之外的所有垂向载荷。 为 了保证减振器总成 9的行程, 所述减振器安装板 8的安装位置通常设计在车身 轮罩顶部, 此处的轮罩钣金薄弱, 很容易导致疲劳开裂。
参见图 2所示, 具体地, 作为优选, 为了避免开裂, 减少车轮受载跳到极 限位置时限位块承受的载荷是最有效的办法。 本发明实施例创造性地设计了限 位杆总成 2 , 所述限位杆总成 2由上限位杆 2. 1和下限位杆 2. 2组成, 所述上 限位杆 2. 1和所述下限位杆 2. 2一端通过球铰总成 15联接在一起, 另一端分 别安装有村套总成 16 , 并分别固定于所述上控制臂 11 和所述下前控制臂 12 预先设计好的安装位置上, 而且所述上控制臂 1 1上的上限位杆 2. 1的安装点 到所述上控制臂安装支架 3硬点处的距离与下前控制臂 12上的下限位杆 2. 2 的安装点到下前控制臂安装支架 6硬点的距离不等, 即所述上限位杆 2. 1和所 述下限位杆 2. 2外端点的连线 c不平行于所述上控制臂 11和所述下前控制臂 12安装支架处硬点的连线 d和 e , 所述上限位杆 2. 1和所述下限位杆 2. 2联接 的总长度 a+b大于安装后另外两外端点的连线 c的长度。
同时参见图 3所示, 具体地, 所述球铰总成 15为现有通用结构, 可外购 成品,至少包括球头 15. 1、 防尘套 15. 2等; 所述球头 15. 1设置在防尘套 15. 2 内, 所述上限位杆 2. 1和所述下限位杆 2. 2分别焊接在上、 下防尘套 15. 2上, 使上、 下限位杆可沿球头 15. 1转动角度。
同时参见图 4、 图 5所示, 具体地, 所述村套总成 16为现有通用结构, 可 外购成品, 至少包括外套管 16. 1、 内套管 16. 2、 橡胶块 16. 3等;所述外套管 16. 1与内套管 16. 2之间设置有橡胶块 16. 3 , 所述外套管 16. 1焊接在所述上 控制臂 11和所述下前控制臂 12上, 所述上限位杆 2. 1和所述下限位杆 2. 2的 外端设置在所述内套管 16. 2内。
所述限位杆总成 2安装之后, 所述上限位杆 2. 1和所述下限位杆 2. 2之间 形成一定夹角 β , 角度范围在 25度到 30度之间, 在车轮跳动过程中, 夹角 β 逐渐变小, 球铰中心逐渐运转到所述上、 下限位杆 2. 1、 2. 2村套中心的连线 处。 当车轮继续上跳,所述限位杆总成 2开始起作用,对车轮上跳起约束作用, 可以根据不同的车轮上跳极限确定所述上限位杆 2. 1和所述下限位杆 2. 2的总 长度或夹角的大小。在所述上控制臂 11和所述下前控制臂 12上分别设计有与 所述上限位杆 2. 1和所述下限位杆 2. 2相配合的安装位置点。
所述限位杆总成 2的工作原理是:在车轮上跳的过程时,所述上限位杆 2. 1 在上控制臂 11上安装点和所述下限位杆 2. 2在下前控制臂 12上安装点的距离 会逐渐变大,所述上限位杆 2. 1和所述下限位杆 2. 2会在球铰处发生相对旋转, 所述上限位杆 2. 1和所述下限位杆 2. 2两端点的距离也会变大, 车轮跳到一定 高度以后, 所述上限位杆 2. 1和所述下限位杆 2. 2的两端点和球铰中心点会在 一条直线上, 这时如果车轮继续上跳, 所述上限位杆 2. 1和所述下限位杆 2. 2 在球铰处不在发生相对旋转, 两短点的距离也不会在发生变化, 所述两限位杆 将承受一定的拉力, 阻止上控制臂 11和下前控制臂 12之间的距离发生变化, 进而限制了车轮的继续上跳。
进一步地, 由于所述上限位杆 2. 1和所述下限位杆 2. 2的两端点采用村套 安装, 当球铰中心和所述上限位杆 2. 1和所述下限位杆 2. 2的两端点构成一条 直线后, 两端点的距离会继续增大, 直到村套被卡死; 通过这样的限位杆总成 2结构, 可有效的保证车轮上跳过程中, 上、 下限位杆 2. 1、 2. 2的拉力逐渐加 大而不产生类似于上跳击穿的顿挫感。
而且, 当上、 下限位杆 2. 1、 2. 2 的村套压死时, 车轮达到设计的最大上 跳极限, 为了改善舒适性, 保留减振器总成 9内限位块结构, 只是将限位块刚 度调低, 当车轮跳到极限位置时, 减振器总成 9内的限位块传递给减振器安装 板 8的载荷就降低了, 避免了减振器安装处车身的钣金开裂。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例, 并不用以限制本发明, 凡在本发明的 精神和原则之内, 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在本发明的 保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、一种多连杆悬架结构,其特征在于,所述悬架结构包括: 下后控制臂(1)、 限位杆总成(2) , 上控制臂安装支架(3)、 下后拖曳臂安装支架(4)、 副车架(5)、 下前控制臂安装支架(6)、 拖曳臂安装支架(7)、 减振器安装板 (8)、 减振器总成 (9)、弹簧总成(10)、上控制臂(11)、下前控制臂(12)、转向节 (1 3)、拖曳臂(14)、 球铰总成(15)、 村套总成(16) ; 所述上控制臂(1 1)和所述下前控制臂(12)之间 通过所述球铰总成(15)、 所述村套总成(16)联接所述限位杆总成(2) ,所述限位 杆总成(2)用以减少车轮受载跳到极限位置时所述减振器总成(9)内限位块承受 的载荷。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的多连杆悬架结构, 其特征在于, 所述限位杆总成 (2)包括: 上限位杆(2. 1)、 下限位杆(2. 2) , 所述上限位杆(2. 1)和所述下限位 杆(2. 2)—端通过所述球铰总成(15)联接在一起, 另一端分别安装有所述村套总 成(16) , 并分别固定于所述上控制臂(11)和所述下前控制臂(12)预先设计好的 安装位置上。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的多连杆悬架结构, 其特征在于, 所述悬架结构的 下前控制臂安装支架(6)、 所述下后拖曳臂安装支架(4)和所述上控制臂安装支 架(3)分别焊接在所述副车架(5)上设计好的位置, 所述下后控制臂(1)、 所述下 前控制臂(12)、 所述上控制臂(11)和所述拖曳臂(14)的一端与所述转向节(1 3) 上预设的安装点位相联接; 所述下后控制臂(1)的另一端与所述下后拖曳臂安装 支架(4)相联接; 所述下前控制臂(12)的另一端与所述下前控制臂安装支架(6) 相联接, 所述上控制臂(1 1)的另一端与所述上控制臂安装支架(3)相联接; 所述 拖曳臂(14)的另一端与所述拖曳臂安装支架(7)相联接。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的多连杆悬架结构, 其特征在于, 所述拖曳臂安装 支架(7)上预设有安装点位, 用以联接到车身纵梁上的安装位置; 所述下后控制 臂(1)上设置有弹簧安装座, 用以安装所述弹簧总成(10)的一端并固定, 所述弹 簧总成(10)的另一端安装并固定到车身纵梁上设置的弹簧安装座内。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的多连杆悬架结构, 其特征在于, 所述减振器总成 (9)内包含有緩沖限位块, 所述减振器总成(9)下端固联到所述转向节(1 3)的预 设位置上, 所述减振器总成(9)上端通过所述减振器安装板(8)固联到车身上或 车身轮罩顶部。
6、 根据权利要求 2或 3所述的多连杆悬架结构, 其特征在于, 所述上控制 臂(11)上的上限位杆(2. 1)的安装点到所述上控制臂安装支架(3)硬点处的距离 与所述下前控制臂(12)上的下限位杆(2. 2)的安装点到所述下前控制臂安装支 架(6)硬点的距离不等, 即所述上限位杆(2. 1)和所述下限位杆(2. 2)外端点的连 线(c)不平行于所述上控制臂(11)和所述下前控制臂(12)安装支架处硬点的连 线(d)和(e) , 所述上限位杆(2. 1)和所述下限位杆(2. 2)联接的总长度(a) + (b)大 于安装后另外两外端点的连线(c)的长度。
7、根据权利要求 2所述的多连杆悬架结构,其特征在于,所述上限位杆(2. 1) 和所述下限位杆(2. 2)之间形成有夹角(β ) , 角度为 25-30度。
8、根据权利要求 2所述的多连杆悬架结构,其特征在于,所述球铰总成(15) 至少包括球头(15. 1)、防尘套(15. 2) ,所述球头(15. 1)设置在所述防尘套(15. 2) 内, 所述上限位杆(2. 1)和所述下限位杆(2. 2)分别固联在所述上、 下防尘套 (15. 2)上, 所述上、 下限位杆沿所述球头(15. 1)转动角度。
9、根据权利要求 2所述的多连杆悬架结构,其特征在于,所述村套总成(16) 至少包括外套管(16. 1)、 内套管(16. 2)、 橡胶块(16. 3) , 所述外套管(16. 1)与 所述内套管(16. 2)之间设置有所述橡胶块(16. 3) , 所述外套管(16. 1)固联在所 述上控制臂(11)和所述下前控制臂(12)上, 所述上限位杆(2. 1)和所述下限位杆 (2. 2)的外端设置在所述内套管 (16. 2)内。
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