WO2014071800A1 - Procédé et appareil pour le séchage de matière première de type biomasse à l'aide d'effluent gazeux de chaudière à biomasse - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour le séchage de matière première de type biomasse à l'aide d'effluent gazeux de chaudière à biomasse Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014071800A1
WO2014071800A1 PCT/CN2013/085685 CN2013085685W WO2014071800A1 WO 2014071800 A1 WO2014071800 A1 WO 2014071800A1 CN 2013085685 W CN2013085685 W CN 2013085685W WO 2014071800 A1 WO2014071800 A1 WO 2014071800A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flue gas
biomass
drying
raw materials
drying chamber
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PCT/CN2013/085685
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈义龙
张岩丰
李宏
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阳光凯迪新能源集团有限公司
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Publication of WO2014071800A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014071800A1/fr

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B23/00Heating arrangements
    • F26B23/02Heating arrangements using combustion heating
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/02Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces
    • F26B17/04Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces the belts being all horizontal or slightly inclined
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/14Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects using gases or vapours other than air or steam, e.g. inert gases
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2200/02Biomass, e.g. waste vegetative matter, straw

Definitions

  • the invention relates to boiler waste heat utilization and energy saving and emission reduction technology, and specifically relates to a method and a device for drying biomass raw materials by using biomass boiler flue gas. Background technique
  • Biomass is an organic substance produced by plants through photosynthesis. It is widely distributed, widely available, cleaned with fossil energy, and has zero carbon dioxide emissions. It is an important renewable energy source.
  • Biomass feedstock generally contains a large amount of water. If it is not subjected to drying treatment before entering the boiler as a fuel, the calorific value per unit mass of biomass feedstock is low, resulting in a decrease in the overall efficiency of the biomass boiler and an increase in the biomass boiler feed pipe. The size of the road and the furnace leads to an increase in the cost of the boiler. Therefore, biomass feedstocks typically require pre-drying prior to entering the biomass boiler.
  • the traditional method of drying biomass feedstock requires the introduction of an external high-temperature drying medium, which is cumbersome in process, complicated in equipment, high in energy consumption, and high in investment cost.
  • the Chinese Patent Application Publication No. CN101693248A proposes a method for drying biomass raw materials using high-temperature flue gas, which is dried by high-temperature flue gas and then heated. Pressurized to form a fluidized slurry.
  • this method requires the introduction of an external high-temperature drying medium, which has a great energy consumption and is currently unable to meet the increasingly high energy-saving and emission-reduction requirements of the national economy.
  • the Chinese utility model patent specification with the announcement number CN202032602U discloses an integrated system for pre-drying power generation of flue gas, which uses the preheating of flue gas to dry the lignite raw material of the boiler, but the drum device used for drying still needs to consume a large amount of electric energy, thereby Increased system operation difficulty and operating costs.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the existing structure of the existing biomass raw material drying technology, A drawback of high energy consumption, providing a method and apparatus for drying biomass feedstock using biomass boiler flue gas.
  • the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, economical process and good drying effect, and can effectively reduce the size of the biomass boiler system and greatly improve the thermal efficiency of the biomass boiler system.
  • the method for drying biomass raw materials using biomass boiler flue gas designed by the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • the flue gas is first concentratedly transported to the hot air chamber disposed under the working surface of the crawler conveyor, and then escapes from the top of the hot air chamber, crossing the gap of the working surface of the crawler conveyor, and The dynamically transported biomass feedstock undergoes contact heat exchange.
  • the flue gas entering the drying chamber can be buffered and evenly distributed to the dynamically transported biomass feedstock for drying.
  • the temperature of the flue gas at the inlet of the drying chamber is controlled at 110 ⁇ 150 °C, preferably controlled at 120 ⁇ 130 °C; the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the drying chamber is controlled at 45 ⁇ 55 °C, preferably controlled At 48 ⁇ 50 °C.
  • the temperature of the flue gas entering the drying chamber is lower than the lowest precipitation temperature of the effective volatile component in the biomass material, which ensures that the biomass material has no effective component loss during the drying process; and the flue gas temperature output from the drying chamber is only high. At tens of degrees Celsius at room temperature, it ensures that the biomass raw materials make full use of the residual heat of the flue gas.
  • the transfer rate of the biomass material on the crawler conveyor is 0.2 to 0.8 m/s, and the residence time is 300 to 480 s; the average flow rate of the flue gas in the drying chamber is 8 to 15 m/s.
  • a device specially designed for realizing the above method for drying biomass raw materials by using biomass boiler flue gas comprising a dust remover and a drying chamber, wherein the drying chamber is provided with a crawler conveyor, the top of the drying chamber a biomass feed port and a flue gas outlet pipe are respectively disposed, wherein the bottom of the drying chamber is respectively provided with a biomass discharge port and a flue gas inlet pipe; the biomass feed port is located above the input end of the crawler conveyor, The biomass outlet is located below the output of the crawler conveyor, and the flue gas outlet pipe is connected to the input end of the precipitator through a booster fan, and the flue gas inlet pipe is connected to the output end of the precipitator through an induced draft fan.
  • a plurality of independent hot air chambers are arranged in parallel below the working surface of the crawler conveyor, and an air inlet branch is disposed at the bottom of the hot air chamber, and the air inlet branch is connected to the flue gas inlet tube,
  • the top of the hot air chamber is uniformly provided with a smoke diffusion hole. In this way, the flue gas entering the drying chamber can be buffered evenly across the working surface of the crawler conveyor to evenly dry the dynamically transported biomass feedstock.
  • a regulating valve is disposed on the intake branch pipe. In this way, the flue gas flow rate of each intake manifold can be conveniently adjusted to ensure uniform distribution of flue gas into each hot air chamber.
  • a hot air uniform device is disposed in the hot air chamber. In this way, the flow direction of the flue gas inside each hot air chamber can be adjusted to match the flue gas flow field to an optimum state.
  • the invention has the advantages that: the designed drying method directly uses the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the biomass boiler as a heat source, and dehydrates and dries the biomass raw material, thereby reducing the total mass of the biomass raw material.
  • More than 15% can remove about half of the water in the biomass material, so that the calorific value per unit mass of biomass material is greatly increased.
  • the thermal efficiency of the biomass boiler system can be greatly improved, with considerable economic benefits; and the size of the feed line of the biomass boiler system can be reduced accordingly.
  • the flow of flue gas generated by the combustion of the dried biomass feedstock is relatively low, and the size of the entire biomass boiler system can be reduced, thereby effectively reducing the cost of the boiler.
  • the humidity and flow rate of the flue gas generated during the combustion process are also significantly reduced. Therefore, when the flue gas discharged from the boiler is dedusted by the dust collector, the humidity and flow rate of the flue gas treated by the precipitator It also decreases correspondingly, which is conducive to improving dust removal efficiency.
  • the device designed by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, small investment, convenient adjustment of dry air volume and uniform distribution, and can well meet the requirements of drying of biomass raw materials. Although it has increased the energy consumption of adding some pipes and fans to overcome the system resistance, it has a low boiler cost and high thermal efficiency. Compared with the increased energy consumption ratio, the energy saving and emission reduction benefits of the whole system are obvious.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an apparatus for drying biomass feedstock using biomass boiler flue gas.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic enlarged view of the portion of the drying chamber of Figure 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic enlarged view of the A-A section of Fig. 2;
  • the apparatus for drying biomass feedstock using biomass boiler flue gas including a precipitator 3 and a drying chamber 8 disposed between the biomass boiler 1 and the chimney 5, is shown.
  • the input of the precipitator 3 is connected to the flue gas outlet of the biomass boiler 1, and the output of the precipitator 3 is connected to the chimney 5.
  • a crawler conveyor 7 is disposed in the drying chamber 8.
  • the top of the drying chamber 8 is respectively provided with a biomass feeding port 2 and a flue gas outlet pipe 17, and the bottom of the drying chamber 8 is respectively provided with a biomass discharging port 4 and a flue gas inlet pipe 11 respectively.
  • the biomass feed port 2 is located above the input of the track conveyor 7 and is connected to the silo 9.
  • the biomass discharge port 4 is located below the output of the track conveyor 7 and the dry biomass feedstock from the biomass discharge port 4 can be transported to the fuel inlet of the biomass boiler 1 via a transfer device.
  • the flue gas outlet pipe 17 is connected to the input end of the precipitator 3 via a booster fan 10, and the flue gas inlet pipe 11 is connected to the output end of the precipitator 3 via an induced draft fan 6.
  • a plurality of independent hot air chambers 15 are arranged in parallel below the working surface of the crawler conveyor 7.
  • the bottom portions of the hot air chambers 15 are provided with intake manifolds 12, and each of the intake manifolds 12 is simultaneously connected to the flue gas inlet pipe 11 and each An adjustment valve 13 is provided on the intake manifold 12.
  • a hot air distribution device 14 is also disposed in each of the hot air chambers 15 above the outlet of the intake manifold 12.
  • the hot air distribution device 14 is a horizontally fixed baffle, and a gap is left between the periphery and the hot air chamber 15 for dispersing the flue gas entering the hot air chamber 15.
  • the top of each hot air chamber 15 is uniformly provided with a flue gas diffusion hole 16, and the flue gas can uniformly pass through the flue gas diffusion hole 16 The working surface with the conveyor 7.
  • the above device uses the biomass boiler flue gas to dry the biomass raw material:
  • the biomass raw material to be burned stored in the silo 9 enters the working surface of the crawler conveyor 7 in the drying chamber 8 through the biomass feed port 2, and performs uninterrupted dynamic transmission, and finally outputs from the biomass discharge port 4. .
  • the transport speed of the biomass material on the crawler conveyor 7 is preferably 0.2 to 0.8 m/s, the optimum range is 0.4 to 0.6 m/s, the residence time is preferably 300 to 480 s, and the optimum range is 400 to 450 s;
  • the average flow rate in the drying chamber 8 is preferably 8 to 15 m/s, and the optimum range is 10 to 12 m/s.
  • the high-temperature flue gas emitted by the biomass boiler 1 enters the precipitator 3, and most of the dust impurities are removed to obtain a relatively clean flue gas.
  • a part of the relatively clean flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the bacon 5, and the other portion is pressurized by the draft fan 6, and enters the hot air chamber 15 in the drying chamber 8 through the flue gas inlet pipe 11 and the intake branch pipe 12.
  • the flue gas in each hot air chamber 15 is uniformly flowed by the hot air distributing device 14, and then escapes through the flue gas diffusion hole 16 at the top of the hot air chamber 15, so that the flue gas passes through the working surface of the crawler conveyor 7 from bottom to top.
  • the voids exchange heat with the dynamically transported biomass feedstock to remove some of the moisture from the biomass feedstock.
  • the temperature of the flue gas at the inlet of the drying chamber 8 is controlled to be 110 to 150 ° C, and the temperature at the outlet of the drying chamber 8 is 45 to 55 ° C.
  • the residual heat and temperature difference of the flue gas can be fully utilized to obtain a good drying effect.
  • the temperature of the flue gas at the inlet of the drying chamber 8 is 120 to 130 ° C, and the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the drying chamber 8 is 48 to 50 °C.
  • the flue gas used for heat exchange is led out of the drying chamber 8 through the flue gas outlet pipe 17, and is re-delivered to the dust collector 3 to continue the dust removal process; meanwhile, the dehydrated and dried biomass material is exported through the biomass discharge port 4.
  • the drying chamber 8 is used directly as a fuel or storage reserve for the biomass boiler 1.
  • the test shows that: when the flue gas inlet temperature of the drying chamber 8 is about 130 °C, the flue gas outlet temperature is about 50 °C, and the average flue gas flow rate is about 12 m/s, the biomass raw material passing through the drying chamber 8 can be Remove about 15% of the total mass of water. Since the flue gas temperature is lower than the lowest precipitation temperature of the volatiles in the biomass feedstock, there is no problem with the volatilization analysis.

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé et un appareil pour le séchage d'une matière première de type biomasse à l'aide d'un effluent gazeux de chaudière à biomasse. Le procédé dirige une matière première de type biomasse sur un transporteur à bande (7) à l'intérieur d'une chambre de séchage (8), effectue une transmission dynamique et introduit de l'effluent gazeux de chaudière à biomasse qui a subi un traitement de dépoussiérage pour qu'il vienne en contact avec la matière première de type biomasse et échange de la chaleur avec celle-ci, afin d'enlever une partie de l'eau présente à l'intérieur de la matière première de type biomasse ; et met en œuvre un traitement de dépoussiérage à nouveau sur l'effluent gazeux qui a subi l'échange de chaleur et utilise directement la matière première de type biomasse séchée comme combustible pour une chaudière à biomasse (1) ou la met de côté pour une utilisation future. L'appareil est principalement constitué d'un système de circulation d'effluent gazeux et du transporteur à bande (7), le système de circulation d'effluent gazeux étant constitué d'un dépoussiéreur (3), de la chambre de séchage (8), d'un ventilateur de surpression (10), d'un ventilateur à tirage induit (6) et similaire et le transporteur à bande (7) étant disposé à l'intérieur de la chambre de séchage (8) et utilisé pour le transport d'une matière première de type biomasse. Le procédé permet de réduire la taille d'un système chaudière à biomasse et d'augmenter considérablement le rendement thermique du système chaudière à biomasse.
PCT/CN2013/085685 2012-11-07 2013-10-22 Procédé et appareil pour le séchage de matière première de type biomasse à l'aide d'effluent gazeux de chaudière à biomasse WO2014071800A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201210442674.8 2012-11-07
CN201210442674.8A CN102954678B (zh) 2012-11-07 2012-11-07 利用生物质锅炉烟气干燥生物质原料的方法及其装置

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WO2014071800A1 true WO2014071800A1 (fr) 2014-05-15

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CN106225437A (zh) * 2016-08-15 2016-12-14 黄碧义 燃烧炉烘干系统
EP3351885A1 (fr) * 2017-01-23 2018-07-25 Rupert Kaindl Procédé de fonctionnement d'un séchoir pour bois humide et installation de séchage
CN109489397A (zh) * 2018-11-01 2019-03-19 大余县萤通工贸有限公司 一种用于萤石生产的通道式循环烘干机

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CN102954678B (zh) * 2012-11-07 2015-08-19 阳光凯迪新能源集团有限公司 利用生物质锅炉烟气干燥生物质原料的方法及其装置
CN103446960B (zh) * 2013-08-06 2015-12-23 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 一种链条式流化干燥机
CN105841342A (zh) * 2015-01-12 2016-08-10 银川艾尼工业科技开发有限公司 一种太阳能与生物质联合的供暖锅炉
CN104567335A (zh) * 2015-01-27 2015-04-29 中国能源建设集团江苏省电力设计院有限公司 一种利用电厂高温烟气干燥煤泥的系统及工艺方法
CN105066660A (zh) * 2015-08-13 2015-11-18 广西鹿寨县金达珑茧丝有限责任公司 缫丝厂锅炉尾气处理装置
CN105674716A (zh) * 2016-04-08 2016-06-15 李成 环保高效节能化纤烘燥机
CN106123491B (zh) * 2016-06-16 2018-08-24 漳州市益民生物科技股份有限公司 一种基于生物质燃料的湿材干燥方法
CN106705028A (zh) * 2017-03-02 2017-05-24 长沙市驱动源电气技术有限公司 一种生物质粉料自成型燃烧机
CN107576178A (zh) * 2017-08-31 2018-01-12 北京环清环境科技有限公司 一种物料干燥系统及运行方法
JP6933089B2 (ja) * 2017-10-27 2021-09-08 井関農機株式会社 作物用乾燥機
CN109210910A (zh) * 2018-07-27 2019-01-15 浙江浙能富兴燃料有限公司 一种利用燃煤电厂二次风干燥生物质的方法
CN113251748A (zh) * 2021-05-18 2021-08-13 山东大学 用于生物质电厂燃料的太阳能集热储热干燥系统

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EP3351885A1 (fr) * 2017-01-23 2018-07-25 Rupert Kaindl Procédé de fonctionnement d'un séchoir pour bois humide et installation de séchage
CN109489397A (zh) * 2018-11-01 2019-03-19 大余县萤通工贸有限公司 一种用于萤石生产的通道式循环烘干机

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