WO2014063265A1 - 高精度水稻钵育秧盘播种装置 - Google Patents

高精度水稻钵育秧盘播种装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014063265A1
WO2014063265A1 PCT/CN2012/001418 CN2012001418W WO2014063265A1 WO 2014063265 A1 WO2014063265 A1 WO 2014063265A1 CN 2012001418 W CN2012001418 W CN 2012001418W WO 2014063265 A1 WO2014063265 A1 WO 2014063265A1
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Prior art keywords
fixed
seed box
plate
box assembly
hinged
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2012/001418
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
汪春
张伟
李连豪
张欣悦
刘天祥
衣淑娟
郭占斌
Original Assignee
黑龙江八一农垦大学
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Application filed by 黑龙江八一农垦大学 filed Critical 黑龙江八一农垦大学
Priority to PCT/CN2012/001418 priority Critical patent/WO2014063265A1/zh
Publication of WO2014063265A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014063265A1/zh

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/02Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
    • A01G25/023Dispensing fittings for drip irrigation, e.g. drippers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00Sowing
    • A01C7/04Single-grain seeders with or without suction devices

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to high-precision seeding equipment for rice seedling trays. Background technique
  • the purpose of the invention is to solve the above problems in the prior art, combined with the actual needs of agricultural production, to develop a new type of high-precision rice seedling tray seeding device, which can greatly improve the quality and efficiency of seedling sowing operation. the goal of.
  • the high-precision rice seedling tray seeding device comprises a device frame, a fixed orifice plate and a fixed rack on the device frame, and the pusher and the seed box assembly can be longitudinally moved.
  • the ground is fitted on the frame of the device;
  • the brush wheel is fixed on the middle portion of the rotating shaft of the seed box assembly, and the moving support member and the rolling set moving support member are arranged on the rotating shaft portion on both sides of the brush wheel, wherein the brush The wheel is matched with the plane contact on the orifice plate, the gear and the fixed rack mesh with each other, and the moving support member is in contact with the upper end faces of the orifice plate;
  • the entire assembly of the rotary plate assembly is installed under the orifice plate, and cooperates with
  • the rotating shaft of the rotating plate assembly is sleeved and mounted on the rotating shaft;
  • the motor and the driving spindle are fixed on the lower side of the device frame, and the rocker is hinged on the device frame, and the two ends of the rocker are
  • the invention creates a revolving cone-shaped hole to limit the amount of seeds, and a gravity-moving brush is used for filling, and the seedling assembly is completely eliminated by using a rotating plate assembly with a guiding groove, a cleaning column and a seed guiding plate.
  • Many technical problems such as injury, cavity, and excessive filling in the sowing operation, the porosity and the injury rate are reduced to less than one thousandth, and each seeding is only required for 3 to 5 seconds.
  • the seeding operation has the characteristics of good quality, high work efficiency, continuous and reliable operation, and few operation failures.
  • 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a high-precision rice seedling tray seeding device
  • FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of A-A in FIG. 1, that is, a schematic diagram of a brush wheel, a fixed rack, a gear, a moving support member, and a perforated plate assembly structure;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a perforated plate
  • FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a structure of a rotating plate assembly
  • the high-precision rice seedling tray seeding device comprises a device frame 13, on which a fixed orifice plate 4 and a fixed rack 8 are fixed, and the pusher 1 and the seed box assembly 9 are longitudinally movably fitted to the device.
  • the brush wheel 10 On the frame body 13; the brush wheel 10 is fixed on the middle portion of the rotating shaft 14 of the seed box assembly 9, and the fixed gear 12 and the rolling set moving support member 11 are corresponding to the rotating shaft 14 on both sides of the brush wheel 10,
  • the brush wheel 10 is in contact with the upper surface of the orifice plate 4, the gear 12 and the fixed rack 8 are engaged with each other, and the moving support member 11 is in contact with the upper end faces of the orifice plate 4; the entire assembly of the rotary plate assembly 5 is installed.
  • the connecting shaft 6 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 7 at both ends of the rotating plate assembly 5; the motor 21 and the driving spindle 18 are fixed on the lower side of the device frame 13,
  • the rocker 15 is hinged on the device frame 13, and the two ends of the rocker 15 are respectively hingedly connected with the connecting plate 6 and the push rod 16;
  • the driving wheel A20 is fixed on the shaft of the motor 21, and the crank 17, the cam 19 and the driving wheel B22 are fixed.
  • the drive belt 23 is sleeved on the drive wheel A20 and the drive wheel B22, two of the push rod link 2 They are respectively hinged on the outer end portions of the pusher 1 and the crank 17, and the outer surface of the cam 19 is in contact with the end of the push rod 16; the two ends of the combination box connecting rod 3 are respectively hinged to the pusher 1 and the seed box assembly 9 on.
  • the rotary plate assembly 5 is composed of a rotary shaft 7, a rotary handle 25, a rotary shaft shaft, a cleaning column 27, a guide groove and a guide baffle 29, and the rotary handles are respectively fixed on the opposite side portions of the rotary handle 25.
  • the shaft 7 and the rotating shaft 26 are on the lower side of the rotating shaft
  • the upper and lower sides are respectively fixed with the guide baffle 4 and the guide groove Di
  • the guide baffle 29 is located at both sides of the guide groove, and a clean column 27 is disposed in each of the guide grooves.
  • the hole M provided in the orifice plate 4 is tapered as a whole, and the tapered hole 24 is disposed on the orifice plate 24 in a downwardly large inverted pyramid shape.
  • the seedling tray is placed on the inner side of the device frame 13 on the inner side of the pusher 1, and the rice seeds are added to the seed box assembly 9.
  • the rotational power of the motor 21 is transmitted through the drive wheel A20, the belt 23,
  • the driving wheel B22 and the driving main shaft 18 drive the crank 17 and the cam 19 to rotate, and the rotating motion of the crank 17 pulls the linear reciprocating motion of the pusher 1 on the device frame 13 via the push rod link 2, and continuously feeds the ⁇ ⁇ Below the orifice plate 4, at the same time
  • the seed box combination link 3 synchronously pulls the seed box assembly 9 by moving the support member 11 into contact with the orifice plate 4 to linearly reciprocate the seed box assembly 9 on the orifice plate 4, Under the control of the fixed rack 8, the gear 12 meshing with the fixed rack 8 rotates, and the rotating shaft 14 is driven to rotate, and the brush wheel 10 is rotated to fill the seed in the seed box assembly 9 with the brush wheel 10
  • the orifice plate 4 is disposed in the inverted hole
  • a high-precision seeding operation of the tray is completed, and the continuous operation can be repeated.
  • the seed column 27 can completely remove the seeds in the hole 24 to ensure the number of seeds to be sown.
  • the brush wheel 10 reciprocates once, and the seed can be filled with two kinds of seeds, and the brushing operation can not only help the quality of the seed, but also avoid damage to the seed, and the filling is precise and uniform.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Sowing (AREA)

Abstract

一种高精度水稻钵育秧盘播种装置,在装置架体(13)上固装型孔板(4)和固定齿条(8),推盘器(1)和种箱组合体(9)可移动地配装在装置架体(13)上,在种箱组合体(9)的转轴(14)上固装毛刷轮(10)和齿轮(12)、滚动套装移动支撑件(11),套接安装连板(6)的转板总成(5)整体配置安装在型孔板(4)下方;电动机(21)、传动主轴(18)固配在装置架体(13)下侧,摇杆(15)铰装在装置架体(13)上,摇杆(15)两端分别与连板(6)、推杆(16)铰接,曲柄(17)、凸轮(19)、驱动轮B(22)固装在传动主轴(18)上,传动带(23)套装在电动机(21)的驱动轮A(20)与驱动轮B(22)上,推盘连杆(2)两端铰接在推盘器(1)和曲柄(17)上,凸轮(19)与推杆(16)接触配合,种箱组合连杆(3)两端与推盘器(1)和种箱组合体(9)铰连;本装置播种作业质量好,精度高,作业效率高,作业可靠,故障少。

Description

髙精度水稻钵育秧盘播种装置
技术领域
[0001]本发明创造属于农业机械, 主要涉及水稻育秧秧盘高精度的播种设备。 背景技术
[0002]随着我国水稻栽植的钵体秧苗在农业生产上的广泛推广应用, 各种机械类水稻育秧秧 盘播种装置, 以及气吸式水稻秧盘播种设备、 真空水稻秧盘播种装置等相继研发, 并在水稻 秧盘播种作业中应用, 与人工播种相比, 为提高作业质量和作业效率、 减轻劳动强度、 促进 水稻生产起到了积极作用。 但是, 上述机械类水稻育秧秧盘播种装置存在作业效率较低、 易 损伤种粒、 伤种率及空穴率较高的缺陷, 气吸和真空水稻育秧播种设备播种精度不易保证, 重播率高, 播种精度不高, 造成种子浪费, 提高了作业成本。 近年来, 为提高农业水平, 农 业生产上对水稻钵育秧盘播种精度的要求愈来愈高, 因此, 为提高农业作业质量和效益, 研 发高精度的水稻钵育秧盘播种装置的需求十分迫切。 发明内容
[0003]本发明创造的目的就是针对上述已有技术存在的问题, 结合农业生产实际需求, 研发 一种新型结构的高精度水稻钵育秧盘播种装置, 达到大幅度提高育秧播种作业质量和作业效 率的目的。
[0004]本发明创造的基本设计是, 高精度水稻钵育秧盘播种装置包括装置架体, 在装置架体 上固装型孔板和固定齿条, 推盘器和种箱组合体可纵向移动地配装在装置架体上; 在种箱组 合体的转轴中间部位上固装毛刷轮, 在位于毛刷轮两侧的转轴部位上对应固装齿轮和滚动套 装移动支撑件, 其中毛刷轮与型孔板上平面接触配合, 齿轮与固定齿条相互啮合, 移动支撑 件与型孔板两侧上端面接触配合; 转板总成整体配置安装在型孔板下方, 与其相配合, 在转 板总成两端部的转柄轴上套接安装连板; 电动机、 传动主轴固配在装置架体下侧部上, 摇杆 铰装在装置架体上,摇杆两端分别与连板和推杆铰连接; 驱动轮 A固装在电动机轴上, 曲柄、 凸轮、 驱动轮 B固装在传动主轴上, 传动带套接在驱动轮 A和驱动轮 B上, 推盘连杆的两端 分别铰连在推盘器和曲柄外端部上, 凸轮外表面与推杆端部接触配合; 种箱组合连杆两端分 别铰连在推盘器和种箱组合体上。 [0005]本发明创造釆用倒锥形型孔限定种量、 重力移动式毛刷充种, 落种釆用带有导向槽、 清种柱和导种隔板的转板总成, 彻底消除了播种作业中的伤种、 空穴、 充种过多等诸多技术 性问题, 其空穴率和伤种率均降至千分之一以下, 每个秧盘播种只需 3- 5秒, 具有播种作业 质量好、 作业效率高、 作业连续可靠、 作业故障少的特点。 附图说明
[0006]图 1是高精度水稻钵育秧盘播种装置总体结构示意图;
[0007]图 2是图 1中 A— A局部剖视图, 即毛刷轮、 固定齿条、 齿轮、 移动支撑件、 型孔板装 配结构示意图;
[0008]图 3是型孔板结构示意图;
[0009]图 4是转板总成结构三维示意图;
[0010]图中件号说明:
[0011] 1、 推盘器、 2、 推盘连杆、 3、 种箱组合连杆、 4、 型孔板、 5、 转板总成、 6、 连板、 7、 转柄轴、 8、 固定齿条、 9、 种箱组合体、 10、 毛刷轮、 11、 移动支撑件、 12、 齿轮、 13、 装 置架体、 14、 转轴、 15、 摇杆、 16、 推杆、 17、 曲柄、 18、 传动主轴、 19、 凸轮、 20、 驱动 轮 、 21、 电动机、 22、 驱动轮 B、 23、 传动带、 24、 型孔、 25、 转柄、 26、 转板轴、 27、 清 种柱、 28、 导向槽、 29、 导种隔板。 具体实施方式
[0012]下面结合附图对本发明创造最佳实施方案进行详细描述。 高精度水稻钵育秧盘播种装 置包括装置架体 13, 在装置架体 13上固装型孔板 4和固定齿条 8, 推盘器 1和种箱组合体 9 可纵向移动地配装在装置架体 13上; 在种箱组合体 9的转轴 14中间部位上固装毛刷轮 10, 在位于毛刷轮 10两侧的转轴 14部位上对应固装齿轮 12和滚动套装移动支撑件 11, 其中毛 刷轮 10与型孔板 4上平面接触配合, 齿轮 12与固定齿条 8相互啮合, 移动支撑件 11与型孔 板 4两侧上端面接触配合; 转板总成 5整体配置安装在型孔板 4下方, 与其相配合; 在转板 总成 5两端部的转柄轴 7上套接安装连板 6; 电动机 21、 传动主轴 18固配在装置架体 13下 侧部上, 摇杆 15铰装在装置架体 13上, 摇杆 15两端分别与连板 6和推杆 16铰连接; 驱动 轮 A20固装在电动机 21轴上, 曲柄 17、 凸轮 19、 驱动轮 B22固装在传动主轴 18上, 传动带 23套接在驱动轮 A20和驱动轮 B22上, 推盘连杆 2的两端分别铰连在推盘器 1和曲柄 17外 端部上, 凸轮 19外表面与推杆 16端部接触配合; 种箱组合连杆 3两端分别铰连在推盘器 1 和种箱组合体 9上。 转板总成 5由转柄轴 7、 转柄 25、 转板轴洲、 清种柱 27、 导向槽洲和导 种隔板 29构成, 在转柄 25两端侧部上分别固配转柄轴 7和转板轴 26, 在转板轴洲的下侧部 上和上侧部上分别固装导种隔板四和幵设导向槽狄, 且导种隔板 29位于导向槽狄两侧部位 处, 在每个导向槽狄内设置清种柱 27。 在型孔板 4上设置的型孔 M整体呈锥形, 且该锥形的 型孔 24在型孔板 24上以上小下大的倒锥形配置。
[0013]作业时,将钵育秧盘放置在装置架体 13位于推盘器 1里侧部位上, 稻种加入在种箱组 合体 9内; 电动机 21的旋转动力经驱动轮 A20、 传动带 23、 驱动轮 B22、 传动主轴 18带动 曲柄 17和凸轮 19转动, 曲柄 17的旋转运动经推盘连杆 2拉动推盘器 1在装置架体 13上的 直线往复运动, 不断将钵育秧盘送入型孔板 4下方, 同时, 种箱组合连杆 3同步拉动种箱组 合体 9通过移动支撑件 11与型孔板 4接触配合关系使种箱组合体 9在型孔板 4上直线往复运 动, 在固定齿条 8的控制下, 与固定齿条 8啮合的齿轮 12转动, 并驱动转轴 14转动, 带动 毛刷轮 10转动, 将种箱组合体 9内的种粒利用毛刷轮 10充填至型孔板 4的倒锥状配置的型 孔 24内; 同时, 凸轮 19推动推杆 16并驱动摇杆 15摆动, 使连板 6作直线往复移动, 经转 柄轴 7使转板总成 5转动, 使转板轴 26上侧的导向槽狄位于型孔 24下侧, 种粒被封堵在型 孔 24内侧, 将其封闭, 清种柱 27位于型孔 24内部; 当推盘器 1和种箱组合体 9与上述方向 反向移动时, 转板总成 5反向转动, 使导向槽观脱离与型孔 24的封堵配合, 型孔 24内的种 子下落,在导种隔板洲导向下无散落的准确投入到型孔板 4下部的钵育秧盘的每一个穴坑内, 完成一个秧盘的高精度播种作业, 如此反复连续作业即可。 清种柱 27可将型孔 24内的种子 全部清出, 保证播种粒数。 毛刷轮 10往复移动一次, 可对种子进行两种充种, 刷种作业, 既 有利于充种质量, 又避免了对种子的作业损伤, 充种精确、 均匀。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种高精度水稻钵育秧盘播种装置, 包括装置架体 (13 ), 其特征在于装置架体(13) 上 固装型孔板 (4) 和固定齿条 (8 ), 推盘器(1 )和种箱组合体 (9) 可纵向移动地配装在装置 架体 (1.3 ) 上; 在种箱组合体 (9) 的转轴 (14) 中间部位上固装毛刷轮 (10), 在位于毛刷 轮(10) 两侧的转轴 (14) 部位上对应固装齿轮 (12) 和滚动套装移动支撑件(11 ), 其中毛 刷轮 (10) 与型孔板 (4) 上平面接触配合, 齿轮 (12) 与固定齿条 (8 ) 相互啮合, 移动支 撑件 (11 ) 与型孔板 (4) 两侧上端面接触配合; 转板总成 (5 ) 整体配置安装在型孔板 (4) 下方,与其相配合; 在转板总成(5 )两端部的转柄轴(7)上套接安装连板(6); 电动机(21 )、 传动主轴 (18) 固配在装置架体 (13 ) 下侧部上, 摇杆 (15 ) 铰装在装置架体 (13 ) 上, 摇 杆 (15) 两端分别与连板 (6) 和推杆 (16) 铰连接; 驱动轮 A (20) 固装在电动机(21 )轴 上, 曲柄 (17)、 凸轮 (19)、 驱动轮 B (22) 固装在传动主轴 (18) 上, 传动带 (23 ) 套接 在驱动轮 A (20) 和驱动轮 B (22) 上, 推盘连杆 (2) 的两端分别铰连在推盘器 (1 ) 和曲 柄 (17) 外端部上, 凸轮 (19) 外表面与推杆 (16) 端部接触配合; 种箱组合连杆 (3) 两端 分别铰连在推盘器 (1 ) 和种箱组合体 (9) 上; 转板总成 (5 ) 由转柄轴 (7)、 转柄 (25 )、 转板轴 (26)、 清种柱 (27)、 导向槽 (28) 和导种隔板 (29) 构成, 在转柄 (25 ) 两端侧部 上分别固配转柄轴 (7) 和转板轴 (26), 在转板轴 (26) 的下侧部上和上侧部上分别固装导 种隔板 (29) 和开设导向槽(28), 且导种隔板 (29) 位于导向槽 (28)两侧部位处, 在每个 导向槽 (28) 内设置清种柱 (27)。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的高精度水稻钵育秧盘播种装置, 其特征在于型孔板 (4) 上设置的 型孔(24)整体成锥形, 且该锥形的型孔(24)在型孔板(24) 上以上小下大的倒锥形配置。
PCT/CN2012/001418 2012-10-23 2012-10-23 高精度水稻钵育秧盘播种装置 WO2014063265A1 (zh)

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CN104782285A (zh) * 2015-04-30 2015-07-22 郑凯阳 一种育苗播种装置
CN105247993A (zh) * 2015-10-19 2016-01-20 湖南省耒耕轻型耕田机制造有限公司 一种可清除杂草的播种机

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104782285A (zh) * 2015-04-30 2015-07-22 郑凯阳 一种育苗播种装置
CN105247993A (zh) * 2015-10-19 2016-01-20 湖南省耒耕轻型耕田机制造有限公司 一种可清除杂草的播种机

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