WO2014048772A1 - Installation photovoltaïque et procédé correspondant de réglage de l'installation photovoltaïque en cas de fluctuation du rayonnement incident - Google Patents

Installation photovoltaïque et procédé correspondant de réglage de l'installation photovoltaïque en cas de fluctuation du rayonnement incident Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014048772A1
WO2014048772A1 PCT/EP2013/069015 EP2013069015W WO2014048772A1 WO 2014048772 A1 WO2014048772 A1 WO 2014048772A1 EP 2013069015 W EP2013069015 W EP 2013069015W WO 2014048772 A1 WO2014048772 A1 WO 2014048772A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
photovoltaic system
power
irradiation
controller
lmnmax
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2013/069015
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Udo Heckel
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2014048772A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014048772A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
    • G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • H02J2300/26—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin involving maximum power point tracking control for photovoltaic sources
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control method for a photovoltaic system with a controller that regulates the feed-in capacity of the photovoltaic system depending on a power setpoint.
  • the invention relates to a photovoltaic system with one or more inverters and with a controller that controls the feed power of the photovoltaic system depending on a power setpoint.
  • the photovoltaic system is regulated to the current setpoint values for active and reactive power at the feed-in point which are currently specified by the network operator.
  • these setpoints are set in such a way that the optimal feed-in yield for the grid operator is achieved in compliance with the depreciation regulations.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to propose a method of the type mentioned above, which prevents over-regulation of the controller with fluctuating irradiation.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a photovoltaic system of the type mentioned above, which avoids overdriving the controller with fluctuating radiation.
  • the first object is achieved by a method according to claim 1, characterized in that when attenuating the solar radiation in the regulated operation, the manipulated variable, ie the or the inverter power setpoints of the controller is limited to the maximum power dependent on the irradiation.
  • An advantageous development of the invention is when according to claim 2, which depends on the irradiation maximum power is determined by evaluating the MPP status of the inverter of Phot.ovo11aikan1.age.
  • the instantaneous maximum power is determined on the basis of the radiation detected by a sensor.
  • the photovoltaic system relating to the second object is achieved according to claim 4, characterized in that the controller is preceded by a limiting device, the attenuation of the irradiation in the regulated operation, the manipulated variable, i. limits the inverter power setpoints of the controller to the maximum power dependent on the irradiance.
  • An advantageous development of the invention is when according to claim 5 with the limiting device an evaluation - unit is connected, which is used to evaluate the MPP status of the inverter of the photovoltaic system, in order to determine from this, depending on the irradiation maximum power.
  • an evaluation - unit is connected, which is used to evaluate the MPP status of the inverter of the photovoltaic system, in order to determine from this, depending on the irradiation maximum power.
  • a sensor which serves to detect the irradiation, in order to determine from this, the maximum power.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a photovoltaic system with control method integrated according to the invention
  • FIG 1 shows characteristics of a photovoltaic system with different irradiation intensity
  • 3 shows a control unit of the photovoltaic system according to FIG 1, 2
  • the electrical energy generated by a solar park or a photovoltaic system 1 is fed according to FIG. 1 usually via a plurality of inverters 2 into an alternating current network 3. This is usually done by the network operator, i. the amount of the power to be supplied to the network 3 as a power setpoint SP related to the nominal power is given as a percentage to the responsible energy supply company.
  • This power setpoint SP is supplied to a controller 4 designed as a PI controller for controlling the actual values of the feed-in power PV, which then forwards the inverter power setpoint values SPi as a manipulated variable to the inverters 2 for the corresponding modulation.
  • the actual values of the feed-in power PV usually include the active power, the reactive power, the frequency and the power factor.
  • the controller 4 is part of a control unit 5, which is shown in more detail in FIG 3 and will be described in detail.
  • the inverters 2 are connected via a communication line 6 with the control unit 5, via which the status MPP of the inverter 2 is transmitted as explained in more detail elsewhere.
  • Performance curves a2 and b2 for the different solar irradiations have a power maximum PMPPa or PMPPb, where MPP (maximum power point) denotes the point of maximum power.
  • the problem to be solved according to the invention can arise from so-called regulated operation, i. operation at reduced power and maximum solar radiation.
  • regulated operation i. operation at reduced power and maximum solar radiation.
  • the solar radiation becomes weaker, e.g. the I-U characteristic bl and the power characteristic b2 with a lower maximum power PMPPb effective.
  • the irradiation conditions e.g. by measuring with a sensor 7 according to FIG. 3 and / or by evaluating the status MPP ⁇ maximum power point) with an evaluation unit 8 according to the control unit shown in FIG.
  • the sensor 7 provides a measure of the currently maximum achievable power, which is designated here by LMNmax.
  • LMN is the setpoint of the power for the inverter called.
  • the status MPP ⁇ Maximum Power Point is evaluated in the following manner.
  • Each of the inverters 2 transmits its active state MPP ⁇ maximum power point) to the evaluation unit 8. If the status MPP in the case of one of the inverters 2 reaches the value 1, this indicates that one of the inverters 2 supplies the maximum power.
  • the status MPP is reduced accordingly, if the weather conditions would allow more power.
  • limiting the manipulated variable LMN power setpoint inverter prevents the controller 4 from overriding.
  • the operation of the control method according to the invention is described below with reference to the curves shown in FIG 4a, 4b of the feed PV (dotted line) and the controller behavior, i. the change in the inverter power setpoint SPi (dashed line) with fluctuating solar irradiation E (solid line) explained.
  • the status MPP (Maximum Power Point) changes accordingly. If the weather conditions change, shading will reduce the feed-in power PV. Regulator 4 will try to compensate for the new control difference and increase the percentage inverter power set point SPi up to a maximum of 100% of the nominal power. The weather conditions change again and there is again maximum irradiation E. Since the irradiation E can change in a shorter time than the regulator reaction, there may be an overshoot of the feed PV according to FIG 4a, since the power setpoint LMN or SPi for the Inverter may still be at 100%. Due to the functionality of the irradiation-optimized control, this problem can be prevented according to FIG. 4b.
  • the controller 4 would indeed regulate the inverter 2, the manipulated variable, i. however, the inverter power setpoint SPi of FIG. 12 is now limited by the current weather conditions and / or MPP status with the aid of the limiter 9. This means that in the case of shading, controller 4 will no longer control up to a maximum of 100% of the power, but will only allow the maximum manipulated variable LMNMAX determined from the weather data. If, for example, the status of the MPP in the closed-loop state supplies the value "1", then the maximum manipulated variable of the controller 4 would be limited to the current controller setpoint plus a tolerance band. At this time, increasing the setpoints would not bring about a significant change in the feed PV. This prevents the overriding of the controller 4 and the associated overshoot behavior.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une installation photovoltaïque (1) ainsi qu'un procédé correspondant pour la régler. L'installation photovoltaïque (1) comporte un ou plusieurs onduleurs (2) et un régulateur (4) qui règle la puissance d'alimentation (PV) de l'installation photovoltaïque (1) en fonction d'une consigne de puissance (SP). En cas d'affaiblissement du rayonnement incident en mode régulé, la grandeur de réglage, c'est-à-dire la ou les consignes de puissance des onduleurs (SPi, LMN) du régulateur (4), est limitée à la puissance maximale dépendante du rayonnement incident (E).
PCT/EP2013/069015 2012-09-26 2013-09-13 Installation photovoltaïque et procédé correspondant de réglage de l'installation photovoltaïque en cas de fluctuation du rayonnement incident WO2014048772A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012217455A DE102012217455A1 (de) 2012-09-26 2012-09-26 Verfahren zur Regelung einer Photovoltaikanlage bei schwankender Einstrahlung
DE102012217455.9 2012-09-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014048772A1 true WO2014048772A1 (fr) 2014-04-03

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2013/069015 WO2014048772A1 (fr) 2012-09-26 2013-09-13 Installation photovoltaïque et procédé correspondant de réglage de l'installation photovoltaïque en cas de fluctuation du rayonnement incident

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102012217455A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014048772A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10355491B2 (en) 2014-01-22 2019-07-16 Sma Solar Technology Ag Inverter, in particular as part of a power generation network, and method

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1223431A2 (fr) * 2001-01-13 2002-07-17 Otronic GmbH & Co. KG Appareil pour trouver des défauts d'une installation photovoltaique
EP2295892A1 (fr) * 2009-09-10 2011-03-16 SMA Solar Technology AG Procédé et appareil pour determiner la puissance délivrable pour des conditions d'irradiation actuelle
EP2461455A2 (fr) * 2010-12-03 2012-06-06 voltwerk electronics GmbH Installation photovoltaïque

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1223431A2 (fr) * 2001-01-13 2002-07-17 Otronic GmbH & Co. KG Appareil pour trouver des défauts d'une installation photovoltaique
EP2295892A1 (fr) * 2009-09-10 2011-03-16 SMA Solar Technology AG Procédé et appareil pour determiner la puissance délivrable pour des conditions d'irradiation actuelle
EP2461455A2 (fr) * 2010-12-03 2012-06-06 voltwerk electronics GmbH Installation photovoltaïque

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10355491B2 (en) 2014-01-22 2019-07-16 Sma Solar Technology Ag Inverter, in particular as part of a power generation network, and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102012217455A1 (de) 2013-09-12

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