WO2014034007A1

WO2014034007A1 - Power control device and power supply system using same

Info

Publication number: WO2014034007A1
Application number: PCT/JP2013/004267
Authority: WO
Inventors: 遥仲宗根; 馬場　朗; 清隆竹原; 新平日比谷
Original assignee: パナソニック株式会社
Priority date: 2012-08-30
Filing date: 2013-07-10
Publication date: 2014-03-06
Also published as: JP5947675B2; JP2014050198A

Abstract

A power control device comprises: a unit price storage unit for storing unit price information on the time variation of the unit price of commercial power; and a device registration unit for registering, as a plurality of registered devices, two or more devices selected among a plurality of devices and used in a high-unit-price time zone in which the unit price of commercial power is relatively high. The power control device also comprises: a power consumption storage unit for storing the power consumption information of each of the devices; and a power supply control unit for controlling charging and discharging of a rechargeable battery to control stored power that is supplied to the devices. The power supply control unit charges the rechargeable battery until the amount of stored power reaches a storage target value or more before the high-unit-price time zone, the storage target value being based on the power consumption information of each of the registered devices, and discharges the rechargeable battery in the high-unit-price time zone, thereby supplying the stored power to the registered devices.

Description

Power control device and power supply system using the same

The present invention relates to a power control device and a power supply system using the power control device.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a power supply system in which a consumer of electric power charges a storage battery using commercial power, generated power of a solar battery, or the like, and supplies stored power of the storage battery to a device (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2012-130161). No. publication (hereinafter referred to as Document 1)).

In recent years, a demand response service has been proposed by an electric power company, and as an electricity bill service for power peak cut, for example, a peak fluctuation fee (CPP: Critical Peak Pricing), a charge by use time zone (TOU: Time of) Use) has been proposed.

When the future power demand is predicted to be close to the power supply, the CPP sets the power unit price (the unit price of purchased electricity) at a time when the future power demand reaches a peak, much higher than normal. . For example, when it is predicted that the power demand on the next day will be close to the power supply, the customer is notified of the application of CPP on the previous day. Alternatively, the customer may be notified of the application of the CPP on the morning of the day when the CPP is applied.

Also, the TOU sets the power unit price in the time zone with a large amount of power demand to be higher than the power unit price in the time zone with a small amount of power demand, depending on the power usage time zone.

For consumers, consuming commercial power using equipment during a time when the power unit price is high is a factor that increases the electricity bill paid to the power company, so use the equipment during a time when the power unit price is high. Tends to refrain from economic reasons. In other words, by introducing CPP and TOU, a consumer saves power while avoiding the use of equipment in a time zone where the unit price of power is high, and contributes to reduction of power peaks.

However, refraining from using devices such as air conditioners, televisions, personal computers (hereinafter referred to as personal computers), etc. for consumers is not possible when using these devices. That is, by setting a time zone in which the power unit price is high, the customer lowers the standard of living, which is a cause of dissatisfaction.

Also, if the device is used in the same way as during normal times when the unit price of electricity is high, it will not contribute to power saving and the electricity bill paid to the power company will be high.

The present invention has been made in view of the above reasons, and its purpose is to maintain a standard of living by suppressing the use of equipment for economic reasons even when a time zone with a high power unit price is set. Another object of the present invention is to provide a power control apparatus that can contribute to power saving and a power supply system using the same.

The power control device of the present invention is a power control device used in a power supply system that supplies power to a plurality of devices using at least commercial power supplied from a commercial power system and stored power of a storage battery. A unit price storage unit that stores unit price information related to a time variation of the unit price of the commercial power supplied from the commercial power system, and the unit price of the commercial power supplied from the commercial power system among the plurality of devices is relative A device registration unit that registers two or more devices used in a high unit price period as a plurality of registered devices, a power consumption storage unit that stores power consumption information of each of the plurality of devices, and charging and discharging of the storage battery And a power supply control unit that controls the stored power supplied to the plurality of devices, and the power supply control unit stores the power storage power of the storage battery before the high unit price period. By charging the storage battery until the amount is equal to or higher than a storage target value based on the power consumption information of each of a plurality of registered devices among the plurality of devices, and discharging the storage battery during the high unit price time zone The stored power is supplied to the plurality of registered devices.

In this power control apparatus, in addition to the commercial power and the stored power, power is supplied to the plurality of devices using generated power of a distributed power source, and the power supply control unit In addition, it is preferable to charge the storage battery using at least one of the commercial power and the generated power.

In this power control apparatus, it is preferable that the power consumption information is information created based on a power consumption history of each of the plurality of devices.

In this power control apparatus, the power control device includes a priority order setting unit that sets a priority order for the plurality of registered devices, and a device control unit that controls operations of the plurality of devices, and the device control unit includes the high unit price time zone. As the remaining amount of stored power decreases, the operation of the registered device with the lower priority among the plurality of registered devices is stopped, and the registered device with the higher priority is operated preferentially. preferable.

Preferably, the power control apparatus includes a notification unit that notifies the user of a length of time that each of the plurality of registered devices can be used based on the remaining amount of the stored power.

In this power control apparatus, it is preferable that the power storage target value is an amount of power necessary for operating the plurality of registered devices in the high unit price time zone.

The power supply system of the present invention is a power supply system that supplies power to a plurality of devices using at least the commercial power supplied from the commercial power grid and the stored power of the storage battery, from the commercial power grid A unit price storage unit that stores unit price information related to time fluctuations in the unit price of the supplied commercial power, and among the plurality of devices, the unit price of the commercial power supplied from the commercial power system is relatively high. A device registration unit that registers two or more devices used for a belt as a plurality of registered devices, a power consumption storage unit that stores power consumption information of each of the plurality of devices, and charge / discharge of the storage battery, A power supply control unit configured to control the stored power supplied to a plurality of devices, wherein the power supply control unit is configured such that the stored power amount of the storage battery is increased before the high unit price period. Charging the storage battery until it reaches the power storage target value based on the power consumption information of each device, and supplying the stored power to the plurality of registered devices by discharging the storage battery during the high unit price period. It is characterized by.

As described above, according to the present invention, even when a time zone with a high power unit price is set, it is possible to suppress use of equipment for economic reasons, maintain a standard of living, and further contribute to power saving. There is.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are described in more detail. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be better understood with regard to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the power control apparatus of embodiment, and a power supply system. FIG. 2A is a graph showing the power unit price and power selling unit price in the normal state of the embodiment, and FIG. 2B is a graph showing the power unit price and power selling unit price when the CPP is applied in the embodiment. It is a top view which shows the display screen of a notification part.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment)
The power supply system of the present embodiment is used in each consumer who is supplied with commercial power from an electric power company. As shown in FIG. 1, a distribution board 11, a power control device 12, a plurality of devices 13, The meter-reading meter 14, the solar power generation device 15, and the storage battery 16 are provided as main components.

The distribution board 11 is connected to an AC 100 / 200V main line Wa1 drawn into a consumer such as each dwelling unit, detached house, factory, office, etc. System) Connected to PS. A branching unit 111 and a load power measuring unit 112 are housed in the distribution board 11. The branch part 111 is composed of a plurality of branch breakers, and the main electrical path Wa1 branches into a plurality of branch electrical paths Wa2 laid in the house via the branch part 111. Each branch electric circuit Wa <b> 2 is connected to a device 13 such as a lighting device, an air conditioner, or a personal computer (PC), and supplies operating power to these devices 13. The load power measurement unit 112 measures each power consumption of the device 13 with each branch electric circuit Wa2 as a measurement point. The commercial power from the commercial power source PS is distributed from the substations provided in various places to the pole transformer Tr provided in the utility pole D near the customer, and after being stepped down by the pole transformer Tr, the main line Electric power is distributed to each consumer via the electric circuit Wa1. Moreover, as a form of a consumer, other than each dwelling unit of a housing complex, a detached house, a factory, and an office may be sufficient.

Next, the power control device 12 includes a power supply control unit 121, a unit price storage unit 122, a device registration unit 123, a power consumption storage unit 124, a priority order setting unit 125, a device control unit 126, and a notification unit. 127 and an operation / display unit 128. The power supply control unit 121 includes an inverter unit 121a and a charge / discharge unit 121b.

This system includes a solar power generation device 15 and a storage battery 16 composed of a lithium ion battery or the like, and the solar power generation device 15 and the storage battery 16 are connected to the power supply control unit 121. The solar power generation device 15 is a distributed power source.

The inverter part 121a converts each direct current output of the solar power generation device 15 and the storage battery 16 into alternating current, and outputs it. The AC output of the inverter unit 121a is supplied to the distribution board 11 via the AC electric circuit Wa3 laid in the house, and is supplied to the device 13 via the branch electric circuit Wa2. Further, of the AC output of the inverter unit 121a, surplus power that is not consumed by the device 13 flows backward to the commercial power supply PS side via the main line Wa1, and is sold. Note that the inverter unit 121a has a function of coordinating the AC output with the commercial power supplied via the main line Wa1.

The charging / discharging unit 121b is configured to control the charging of the storage battery 16 using the commercial power supplied from the distribution board 11 via the AC power path Wa3, the generated power of the solar power generation device 15, and discharge from the storage battery 16 to the inverter unit 121a. Take control.

The power supply control unit 121 manages the power supply in the consumer by controlling each operation of the inverter unit 121a and the charge / discharge unit 121b. For example, based on the power generation amount of the solar power generation device 15, the storage amount of the storage battery 16, the time, etc., the AC output operation of the inverter unit 121a and the charge / discharge operation by the charge / discharge unit 121b are controlled. The power and the stored power of the storage battery 16 are supplied to the device 13.

Further, the power control device 12 has a wireless communication function, and performs wireless communication, which will be described later, between the distribution board 11 and the meter-reading meter 14.

Next, the meter-reading meter 14 is provided on the main line Wa1, and measures the amount of commercial power used by consumers, and transmits a measurement result (meter-reading data) using wireless communication, power line carrier communication, or the like. It comprises. The meter reading data transmitted from the meter meter 14 is received by, for example, the master unit 20 installed on the utility pole D in the vicinity of the house, and the master unit 20 uses an optical fiber or the like, and the management server CS of the power company connected to the Internet NT1. Send meter reading data to. The meter reading data transmitted from the meter meter 14 is also received by the power control device 12 in the consumer.

Moreover, the main | base station 20 transmits the various signals transmitted from the management server CS of an electric power company to the meter-reading meter 14, and the meter-reading meter 14 transmits the received signal to the power control apparatus 12 in a consumer wirelessly. Also have.

Here, depending on the increase in power demand and the power generation status of the power company, when the next day's power demand is expected to be close to the power supply amount in the power company's distribution range, the time for the next day's power demand to peak The power unit price of the band (electricity unit price for power purchase) is set to be significantly higher than normal. That is, CPP (Critical Peak Pricing) that temporarily increases significantly during the time period when the power demand reaches a peak is applied as the power unit price for the next day. The unit price of electric power is the unit price of electric power that consumers purchase from an electric power company. Conversely, the unit price of electricity sold by a consumer to an electric power company is called the unit price of electricity sold.

FIG. 2A shows a normal power unit price Y11 and a power selling unit price Y12, and the normal power unit price Y11 and the power selling unit price Y12 are constant regardless of the time zone. In FIG. 2A, the electric power unit price during normal times is 20 yen / kWh, and the electric power selling unit price is 30 yen / kWh.

On the other hand, FIG. 2B shows the power unit price Y21 and the power selling unit price Y22 when the CPP is applied, and the power unit price Y21 and the power selling unit price Y22 when the CPP is applied are a time period T1 (high unit price time) when the power demand reaches a peak. The band T1) is set higher than the other time periods. That is, the high unit price time zone T1 is a time zone in which the unit price of power supplied from the commercial power source (commercial power system) PS is relatively higher than other time zones. In FIG. 2B, the electric power unit price other than the high unit price time zone T1 is 20 yen / kWh and the power selling unit price is 30 yen / kWh, whereas the power unit price in the high unit time period T1 (for example, 13:00 to 17:00). Is 60 yen / kWh and the unit price is 70 yen / kWh.

Then, when the CPP is applied to the electricity unit price of the next day, the electricity company notifies the consumers in the distribution range of the unit price information regarding the time fluctuation of the electricity unit price of the next day in advance (for example, the previous day).

In this embodiment, the unit price information for the next day is transmitted in advance from the management server CS of the power company to each customer within the distribution range, and the meter meter 14 of each customer receives the unit price information. This unit price information includes information such as a high unit price time zone T1 shown in FIG. 2B, a power unit price in the high unit price time zone T1, and a power unit price other than the high unit price time zone T1. The meter-reading meter 14 transfers the unit price information to the power control apparatus 12 by a radio signal, and the power control apparatus 12 stores the unit price information in the unit price storage unit 122. That is, the unit price storage unit 122 stores unit price information related to the time fluctuation of the unit price of the commercial power supplied from the commercial power source PS.

The operation / display unit 128 of the power control apparatus 12 includes an operation unit such as a touch panel and a display unit, and displays unit price information in the unit price storage unit 122 by a user operation. The user who has seen the unit price information displayed on the operation / display unit 128 applies the CPP to the unit price of the next day, the range of the high unit price period T1 of the next day, the unit price of power in the high unit price period T1, etc. Can know. The operation / display unit 128 may automatically display the unit price information when the power control device 12 receives the unit price information.

Then, the device registration unit 123 registers the device 13 that the user wants to use in the high-price time zone T1 of the next day by a user operation of the operation / display unit 128. Information regarding the device 13 in the consumer is held in advance by the device registration unit 123, and the device registration unit 123 displays information on the device 13 (lighting device, air conditioning device, personal computer, etc.) on the operation / display unit 128. Then, the device registration unit 123 selects and registers the device 13 to be used in the high-price time zone T1 of the next day from the plurality of devices 13 displayed on the operation / display unit 128 by the user operation of the operation / display unit 128. To do. Hereinafter, the device 13 registered by the device registration unit 123 is referred to as a registered device 13. The registered device 13 is a device registered in the device registration unit 123 for use in the high unit price time zone.

Also, the load power measuring unit 112 has a function of transmitting the measurement result of each power consumption of the device 13 to the power control device 12 in the consumer. And the power consumption memory | storage part 124 of the power control apparatus 12 has memorize | stored the historical data (henceforth power consumption information) of each power consumption of the apparatus 13. FIG. That is, the power consumption information is information indicating a history of power consumption of each of the plurality of devices 13. The power consumption storage unit 124 may store a power consumption amount that is an integral value of instantaneous power for each specified period as a power consumption history. In this case, the average value of the power consumption in the specified period can be obtained by dividing the power consumption amount by the specified period. The average value of the power consumption can be regarded as substantially the same as the actual power consumption if the specified period is short.

Then, the power supply control unit 121 uses, as power consumption information of the power consumption storage unit 124, the amount of power necessary for operating the plurality of registered devices 13 during the high unit price time period T1 (hereinafter referred to as a power storage target value). Calculate based on That is, since the power supply control unit 121 calculates the power storage target value based on the actual power consumption history of the plurality of registered devices 13 in the high unit price time period T1, the power storage target value is the actual power of the plurality of registered devices 13. It is set to an appropriate value according to the usage status.

In other words, the power supply control unit 121 is based on the actual power consumption history of the plurality of registered devices 13 in the same time period (hereinafter referred to as the same time period) as the high unit price time period T1 in the past predetermined period. The power storage target value is calculated. The predetermined period is set to include at least one same time zone.

For example, the power supply control unit 121 calculates the amount of power consumption in the same time zone within a predetermined period for each of the plurality of registered devices 13. When a plurality of the same time periods are included in the predetermined period, the power supply control unit 121 calculates an average value of the power consumption amounts in the plurality of the same time periods. Then, the power supply control unit 121 calculates the total power consumption amount (or the average value of the power consumption amount) of each registered device 13 as the power storage target value. Note that the power supply control unit 121 may calculate the power consumption target value by adding a predetermined amount to the sum of the power consumption amounts (or average values of the power consumption amounts) of the registered devices 13.

The power supply control unit 121 has a clock function, and the charge / discharge unit 121b is configured so that the stored power amount of the storage battery 16 becomes equal to or higher than the storage target value before the current time reaches the high unit price time zone T1. The storage battery 16 is charged. For charging the storage battery 16, at least one of the commercial power of the commercial power source PS and the generated power of the solar power generation device 15 is used. The amount of stored power refers to the amount of power stored in the storage battery 16.

For example, the charging / discharging unit 121b sets the charging timing of the storage battery 16 by using a mathematical optimization method with reference to the unit price information of the unit price storage unit 122, thereby efficiently charging the storage battery 16 while suppressing the electricity bill. can do. Furthermore, the charging / discharging unit 121b is similarly set using the mathematical optimization method when setting which of the commercial power of the commercial power source PS and the generated power of the solar power generation device 15 is used for charging. Thus, the storage battery 16 can be efficiently charged while suppressing the electricity bill.

Further, before the high unit price time period T1, the charging / discharging unit 121b efficiently charges the storage battery 16 while suppressing the electric charge by determining the charging / discharging schedule based on the unit price of commercial power at each time. can do.

The power supply control unit 121 performs the following operation in the high unit price time zone T1.

First, the charging / discharging unit 121b discharges the storage battery 16 and outputs stored power to the inverter unit 121a, and the inverter unit 121a converts the stored power of the storage battery 16 into alternating current. The AC output of the inverter unit 121a is supplied to the distribution board 11 through the AC circuit Wa3 and is supplied to the registration device 13 through the branch circuit Wa2. Therefore, in the high unit price time zone T1, the registered device 13 operates using only the stored power of the storage battery 16 as a power source, and does not consume commercial power. Alternatively, in the high unit price time zone T1, the registered device 13 can operate using the stored power of the storage battery 16 as a main power source, and can suppress the amount of commercial power used.

Further, in the high unit price time zone T1, the charging / discharging unit 121b controls the discharge amount of the storage battery 16 so that the discharge amount of the storage battery 16 substantially matches the power required for the operation of the registered device 13. That is, the charging / discharging unit 121b limits the discharge amount of the storage battery 16 in the high unit price time period T1 to a value necessary for the operation of the registered device 13, thereby suppressing wasteful consumption of the stored power amount of the storage battery 16. Yes.

Thus, before the high unit price time period T1 when the power unit price temporarily increases, the charging / discharging unit 121b precharges the storage battery 16 with power necessary for the operation of the registered device 13 used in the high unit price time period T1. Keep it. And the power supply control part 121 does not use the commercial power with a high power unit price by operating the registration apparatus 13 using the stored power of the storage battery 16 in the high unit price time zone T1 where the power unit price is high (or , And can reduce the use of commercial power, which is expensive.) Therefore, even when the high unit price time zone T1 where the power unit price is high is set, the consumer can maintain the standard of living by suppressing the use of the device 13 for economic reasons, and can contribute to power saving.

However, depending on the usage status of the device 13 and the remaining time until the high unit price time period T1, the stored power amount of the storage battery 16 immediately before the high unit price time period T1 may not reach the storage target value. Therefore, the priority order setting unit 125 sets a priority order for the registered device 13 by a user operation of the operation / display unit 128. The priority order setting unit 125 causes the operation / display unit 128 to display information on the registered device 13. The priority order setting unit 125 sets a priority order for the registered device 13 by a user operation of the operation / display unit 128. This priority setting process can be performed at any timing before the high unit price time period T1 or within the high unit price time period T1.

The device control unit 126 is communicably connected to the device 13 via the communication line L1 and executes preset schedule control, energy saving control, scene control, and the like on the device 13 during normal times. . When the device control unit 126 determines that the stored power amount of the storage battery 16 is reduced in the high unit price time period T1, and all the registered devices 13 cannot be operated only by the stored power amount, the registered device 13 having a low priority order. The operation is stopped in order, and only the registered device 13 having a higher priority is operated. That is, the device control unit 126 preferentially operates the registered device 13 having a higher priority as the remaining amount of stored power decreases in the high unit price time zone T1. Therefore, even when the remaining capacity of the storage battery 16 becomes smaller than expected in the high unit price time zone T1, the registered device 13 having a high priority can be operated, and the dissatisfaction of the user can be suppressed. Note that the device control unit 126 may communicate with the device 13 using a radio signal.

In addition, the notification unit 127 calculates the length of time that each of the registered devices 13 can be used based on the remaining amount of stored power by operating the operation / display unit 128, and the calculation result is displayed on the operation / display unit. 128. This display processing is possible at any timing before the high unit price time zone T1 and within the high unit price time zone T1. FIG. 3 shows a display screen by the notification unit 127, and the operable time of the registered device 13 is displayed corresponding to each registered device 13 (air conditioner, television, personal computer). In addition, it is described in the remarks column that the operating time of the air conditioner is that the set temperature is 26 ° C. The user can change or delete the registered device 13 with reference to the length of time that each of the registered devices 13 can be used.

Further, if a heat storage device such as a hot water storage tank is used as the device 13, the following operation can be performed. First, the device control unit 126 operates the heat storage device before the high unit price time period T1 to store heat up to the heat storage target value. And in the high unit price time zone T1, the heat storage operation | movement of a thermal storage apparatus can be suppressed by the high unit price time zone T1 where an electric power unit price becomes high temporarily by using this heat stored. Therefore, the consumer can suppress the use of the heat storage device for economic reasons, maintain the standard of living, and further contribute to power saving.

Further, even when a charge for each usage time zone (TOU: Time of Use) is applied to the power unit price of the next day, the registered device 13 operates using the stored power of the storage battery 16 in the high unit price time zone where the power unit price is high. By doing so, the same effect as described above can be obtained.

While the invention has been described in terms of preferred embodiments, various modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention, ie, the claims.

Claims

At least a power control device used in a power supply system that supplies power to a plurality of devices using commercial power supplied from a commercial power system and stored power of a storage battery,
A unit price storage unit that stores unit price information related to time fluctuations in the unit price of power supplied from the commercial power system;
Among the plurality of devices, a device registration unit that registers two or more devices used as a plurality of registered devices in a high unit price time zone in which the unit price of power supplied from the commercial power system is relatively high;
A power consumption storage unit that stores power consumption information of each of the plurality of devices;
A power supply control unit that controls charging and discharging of the storage battery and controls the stored power supplied to the plurality of devices;
The power supply control unit charges the storage battery until the stored power amount of the storage battery is equal to or higher than a storage target value based on the power consumption information of each of the plurality of registered devices before the high unit price time period. The power control apparatus supplies the stored power to the plurality of registered devices by discharging the storage battery during the high unit price period.
In addition to the commercial power and the stored power, power is supplied to the plurality of devices using generated power of a distributed power source,
The power control device according to claim 1, wherein the power supply control unit charges the storage battery using at least one of the commercial power and the generated power before the high unit price period. .
3. The power control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power consumption information is information created based on a history of power consumption of each of the plurality of devices.
A priority setting unit for setting a priority for the plurality of registered devices;
A device control unit for controlling operations of the plurality of devices,
In the high unit price period, the device control unit stops the operation of the registered device having a lower priority among the plurality of registered devices as the remaining amount of the stored power amount decreases, The power control apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a high registered device is preferentially operated.
5. The power control apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a notification unit that notifies a user of a length of time during which each of the plurality of registered devices can be used based on a remaining amount of the stored power amount. .
The power control apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the power storage target value is an amount of electric power necessary for operating the plurality of registered devices in the high unit price time zone.
At least a power supply system that supplies power to a plurality of devices using commercial power supplied from a commercial power system and stored power of a storage battery,
A unit price storage unit that stores unit price information related to time fluctuations in the unit price of power supplied from the commercial power system;
Among the plurality of devices, a device registration unit that registers two or more devices used as a plurality of registered devices in a high unit price time zone in which the unit price of power supplied from the commercial power system is relatively high;
A power consumption storage unit that stores power consumption information of each of the plurality of devices;
A power supply control unit that controls charging and discharging of the storage battery and controls the stored power supplied to the plurality of devices;
The power supply control unit charges the storage battery until the stored power amount of the storage battery is equal to or higher than a storage target value based on the power consumption information of each of the plurality of registered devices before the high unit price time period. And supplying the stored power to the plurality of registered devices by discharging the storage battery during the high unit price period.