WO2014029082A1 - 一种光导板表面结构及其应用和制造方法 - Google Patents
一种光导板表面结构及其应用和制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014029082A1 WO2014029082A1 PCT/CN2012/080430 CN2012080430W WO2014029082A1 WO 2014029082 A1 WO2014029082 A1 WO 2014029082A1 CN 2012080430 W CN2012080430 W CN 2012080430W WO 2014029082 A1 WO2014029082 A1 WO 2014029082A1
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- Prior art keywords
- light guide
- guide plate
- light
- convex
- concave structure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
- G02B6/0036—2-D arrangement of prisms, protrusions, indentations or roughened surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B43—WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
- B43L—ARTICLES FOR WRITING OR DRAWING UPON; WRITING OR DRAWING AIDS; ACCESSORIES FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
- B43L1/00—Repeatedly-usable boards or tablets for writing or drawing
- B43L1/04—Blackboards
- B43L1/10—Writing surfaces thereof
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
- G02B6/0038—Linear indentations or grooves, e.g. arc-shaped grooves or meandering grooves, extending over the full length or width of the light guide
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of light guides, and more particularly to a surface structure of a light guide plate, and a light guide plate and application product using the same, and a method of manufacturing such a surface structure.
- a light guide is an optical element that utilizes total reflection from the inner surface of the medium to cause light to travel within the medium with very low reflection loss.
- light guides have two structures: planar light guides and fiber light guides.
- a typical planar light guide is a flat light guide, referred to as a light guide.
- the simplest light guide is a flat glass in vacuum or air.
- the light guide plate For light transmitted in the light guide plate, when it satisfies the total reflection condition, the light is transmitted in the light guide plate in a total reflection manner with little reflection loss.
- the condition of total reflection is that the incident angle is larger than the total reflection angle, which is the angle between the transmission direction of the light and the normal direction of the inner surface of the light guide plate, and the total reflection angle depends on the ratio of the refractive index of the material of the light guide plate to the surrounding medium.
- Light that satisfies the total reflection condition is continuously reflected back to the inside of the light guide plate by both surfaces, and its propagation path is zigzag and does not eject from the surface of the light guide plate.
- the surface of the light guide plate is viewed from the outside as a non-light emitting surface.
- the illuminating blackboard transmits the light emitted by the light source to the entire light guide plate by utilizing the total reflection light guiding capability of the flat light guiding plate.
- the light is totally reflected by the smooth surface, confined in the light guide plate, and will not be emitted from the surface of the blackboard.
- a coating material for example, a titanium oxide fine powder having a relatively high refractive index is dispersed in a resin solution to form a coating
- the interface between the surface of the light guiding plate and the air is replaced by a coating coating, and the total reflection occurs.
- the observer can see that the light is emitted from the writing layer, as if the writing is shining, with a certain brightness.
- the ordinary illuminating blackboard based on the classic light guide plate has a smooth and smooth mirror surface, and provides total reflection condition for the light transmitted inside, and also generates specular light for the external light. Specular reflection makes the surrounding scenery, including windows, fluorescent tubes, etc., form a clear and bright reflection mirror on the surface of the board, and some mirrors have glare and reflection.
- the clear and bright reflective image is mixed with the writing on the surface of the blackboard, which seriously interferes with the observer's visual recognition of the contents of the blackboard. We call this clear reflection mirror the interference of visual recognition as specular reflection.
- the method of lowering the surface reflection coefficient is generally achieved by vacuum-depositing an anti-reflection film on the surface.
- This method is expensive, the anti-reflection film is fragile and vulnerable, and it is easy to fail due to slight surface contamination, and is not suitable for application in the field of light-emitting blackboard light guide plates.
- Rough diffused surfaces are widely used in surfaces such as liquid crystal display anti-glare films, and the diffuse reflection effect of rough surfaces is utilized to eliminate specular reflection and anti-glare effects.
- the surface of the light guide plate is made into a rough diffusing surface, and the light transmitted in the light guide plate is diffusely reflected and diffusely refracted on the rough surface, and a large amount of the light guide plate is emitted from the rough portion, so that the rough portion appears to emit light. This phenomenon is widely used in illuminated signs and backlights.
- Chinese patent application 200310109407.X Disclosed is a transparent material photoelectric display device, wherein a rough surface pattern is formed on the surface of a transparent flat light guide plate by sand blasting, chemical etching, etc., in the rough pattern region, light is diffused and transmitted through the light guide plate, so that the pattern looks like light, and the other The smooth surface is not exposed to light, creating a sharp contrast.
- the diffusing surface is also used as the light emitting surface of the light guide plate, and the manufacturing process includes molding, printing, engraving and the like, and numerous patents are available.
- the application of the rough surface to the surface of the light guide plate destroys the total reflection condition of the light guide plate, so that the light exits the light guide plate in a rough portion, so that the rough portion appears to be bright and shiny, and therefore, the rough surface cannot be applied to the field of the light guide plate of the light-emitting blackboard.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a surface structure of a light guide plate.
- the light guide plate adopting the surface structure can realize total reflection light guide and provide a diffuse reflection-like effect to overcome the mirror surface of the classic flat light guide plate surface. Reflective; the present invention also provides a light guide plate employing such a surface structure and a product using such a light guide plate; the present invention also provides a method of manufacturing such a surface structure.
- the solution to the above technical problem is to construct a surface structure of a light guide plate.
- the surface of the light guide plate is provided with a convex-concave structure, and the outer surface of the convex-concave structure is an optically smooth surface.
- the arithmetic mean deviation (Ra) of the roughness profile of the optically smooth surface is not more than 1/8 of the shortest wavelength of the working light in the light guide.
- the optically smooth surface has an arithmetic mean deviation of roughness profiles of no more than 50 nanometers.
- the optically smooth surface has an arithmetic mean deviation of roughness profiles of no more than 10 nanometers.
- the surface structure of the light guiding plate of the present invention is any one of a point-like convex-concave structure, a strip-shaped convex-concave structure or a wave-face convex-concave structure or a combination of several of them.
- the surface wires thereof are regular curves such as arc wavy lines, elliptical wavy lines, sinusoidal wavy lines, parabolic wavy lines, or random irregular wavy lines. Any one or a combination of several of them.
- the surface structure of the light guiding plate of the present invention has a width of from 3 micrometers to 10 millimeters.
- the surface structure of the light guiding plate of the present invention has a width of 30 micrometers to 1 mm.
- the surface structure of the light guiding plate of the present invention has a width of from 100 micrometers to 300 micrometers.
- the present invention also provides a light guiding plate comprising two oppositely disposed outer surfaces, a partial region of at least one outer surface employing the surface structure of the light guiding plate of the present invention.
- the convex-concave structure is oriented parallel to the pointing direction of the working light in the light guiding plate.
- the light guiding plate of the present invention is formed by laminating and laminating layered materials.
- the surface material in the layered material has a thickness between 30 microns and 3 mm.
- the surface layer material in the layered material has a higher hardness or wear resistance than the inner layer material.
- the surface layer material in the layered material has a lower reflectivity than the inner layer material.
- the invention also provides a luminescent blackboard comprising a light guiding plate and a working light source, the working light source being disposed at an end surface of the light guiding plate, wherein the illuminating blackboard adopts the light guiding plate given by the invention.
- the direction of the convex and concave structure of the surface of the light guiding plate is set to be vertically vertical.
- the invention also provides a surface forming method comprising:
- a convex-concave structure is formed on the surface of the substrate; then the surface having the convex-concave structure is polished;
- a convex-concave structure is formed on the surface of the substrate; then the surface having the convex-concave structure is polished;
- the transparent coating has higher hardness or abrasion resistance after film formation than the material to be coated.
- the transparent coating has a lower reflectance after film formation than the material to be coated.
- a light-emitting blackboard embodying the surface structure of the light guide plate of the present invention and a light guide plate using such a structure and a method of manufacturing such a surface structure obtain the following advantageous effects: by manufacturing a convex-concave structure on the surface of the light guide plate and polishing the convex-concave structure, The optically smooth convex and concave surface is produced, so that the external light produces an effect similar to optical diffuse reflection on the surface of the light guiding plate, thereby effectively reducing the specular reflection phenomenon; and the light guiding plate adopting the surface has the condition of total reflection light guiding.
- the transmitted working light in the light guiding plate does not diffuse out of the light guiding plate as in the rough surface, thereby obtaining a light guiding plate excellent in antireflection performance and a manufactured product thereof.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the reflection of external light rays by the surface structure of the light guiding plate of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the reflection and refraction of internal light rays by the surface structure of the light guiding plate of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a point-like convex and concave structure of a surface structure of a light guiding plate of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a strip-shaped convex and concave structure of a surface structure of a light guiding plate of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a wavy convex and concave structure of a surface structure of a light guiding plate of the present invention
- Figure 6 is a schematic view showing a wavy wire of a wavy convex and concave structure according to the present invention.
- Figure 7 is a perspective view of a wave surface divergent reflection light guide
- Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a wave surface divergent reflection light guide
- Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light guide plate using a diverging reflective surface on a portion of the surface
- Figure 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a two-layer composite light guide plate
- Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of a divergent reflection illuminating blackboard.
- the surface structure of the light guiding plate of the invention is obtained by providing a convex-concave structure on the smooth flat surface of the flat light guiding plate and making the outer surface of the convex-concave structure optically smooth, which has two characteristics: one is that the surface is a curved surface, and the other is that the surface is Optically smooth surface. We call this surface a divergent reflective surface.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the divergence reflection of the local surface profile of the divergent reflective surface of the present invention and its externally directed surface light.
- Divergent reflective surface 101 The curvature is due to the undulations of the convex and concave structure. For surfaces that are optically smooth, the light unidirectionally reflects at every point on the surface. For parallel incident light 102a, reflected light 102b The direction changes as the convex and concave surfaces are curved, and is distributed in a divergent manner.
- the spatial distribution of the reflected light can be derived from the geometry of the curved surface, based on geometric optics.
- the reflected light is spatially divergent, there is a great similarity between the divergent reflection and the diffuse reflection in the macroscopic visual effect: the external scene cannot show a clear image on both surfaces, and both can reduce or eliminate the surface mirror. Reflective. Such a surface overcomes the specular reflection of the smooth, flat outer surface of a classic light guide.
- Figure 2 shows the reflection, refraction, and total reflection on the inner surface of light propagating inside a light guide plate with a diverging surface.
- the working light 202a is transmitted in the transparent medium 201, and part of the working light 202a is encountered when the divergent reflecting surface 101 is encountered. Fully-emission conditions are met, total reflection occurs on the inner surface, and total reflected light 202b is folded back into the transparent medium. Continue to transfer.
- the optically smooth curved surface provides the necessary conditions for total reflection to light such that the light guide plate employing such a surface has the ability to totally reflect light.
- Figure 2 discloses the principle of achieving total reflection light guiding by the surface structure of the present invention. It is disclosed that the present invention can provide a diffuse reflection-like effect and overcome the principle of specular reflection of a classical flat light guide plate. Combining the two, the technical solution of the present invention solves the technical problem to be solved by the present invention.
- Optical smoothness is a concept that is opposite to roughness.
- the optically smooth surface undergoes unidirectional reflection or refraction; the rough surface emits diffuse or diffuse refraction.
- the surface roughness index was less than a certain standard, and the large surface was a rough surface.
- this smooth and rough boundary lacks a recognized, precise standard.
- the recognized boundary is within the wavelength of light, the specific statement from 1x wavelength, 1/2 wavelength to 1/8 wavelength. Among them, the term '1/8 wavelength' is widely recognized, which comes from the Rayleigh limit in classic optics.
- the light group can be regarded as a near-perfect light group. Because for the case of normal incidence, the optical path difference of the reflected light is twice the surface unevenness, there is a 1/8 wavelength statement: the arithmetic mean deviation of the surface roughness profile Ra At no more than 1/8 of the wavelength of the shortest working light, it can be considered to be a near perfect optically smooth surface. This is consistent with the standards that have been developed in the long-term practice of traditional optical component processing.
- the surface profile is further decomposed into: the waviness profile of the long-wave component and the roughness profile of the short-wave component (roughness) Profile ), its boundary wavelength becomes Lc
- the past roughness index is further decomposed into: the waviness index describing the uneven wave composition, and the roughness index describing the short wave component unevenness, and the corresponding new standards are formed, including the international standard ISO. 4287-1997 and Chinese national standard GB/T 3505-2000 and its latest version.
- the standard of optical smoothness should be recognized from the past: the surface roughness is less than a certain index, and the adjustment is as follows: the unevenness of the surface roughness profile is less than a certain index, and the physical meaning is more clear and accurate.
- arithmetic mean deviation of surface roughness profile Ra is not greater than 1/8 of the wavelength of the shortest working light.
- the shortest wavelength is about 390 nm, and the 1/8 wavelength is about 50 nm.
- the surface roughness profile Ra can be relaxed to 70 nm; the working light is 700 nm red light, and the surface roughness profile Ra can be further relaxed to 100 nm. .
- the rougher the surface the greater the chance that the working light in the light guide plate will exit the light guide plate due to the microscopic roughness of the surface; the smoother the surface, the smaller the chance that the working light in the light guide plate will be out of the light guide plate due to the microscopic roughness of the surface, and the light guide plate looks more. Transparent.
- the surface roughness profile Ra is selected to be less than 10 nanometers.
- Such a light guide plate looks very transparent even when the internal light intensity is high.
- a first embodiment of the convex-concave structure is a schematic view showing the appearance of a point-like convexo-concave 301 having an optically smooth surface.
- a dot-like protrusion is formed on the surface of the transparent medium.
- the convex and concave structure is point-like, like a separate hill.
- the outer surface of the point-like convex and concave is optically smooth, and the average deviation of the roughness profile is not more than 1/8 of the shortest wavelength of the working light.
- the dot-like convex and concave can first print a transparent glue dot on the surface by inkjet printing, and then cure the glue dot by ultraviolet light to obtain a dot-like convexity and concave. It can also be molded by other methods such as injection molding, and can be directly molded directly using a 3D printer.
- the second embodiment of the convex-concave structure shown in Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the appearance of a strip-shaped convex-concave structure having a smooth surface.
- the convex and concave structure is strip-shaped, like a continuous mountain.
- the outer surface of the strips is optically smooth.
- the working light is white light, the average deviation of the roughness profile is required to be no more than 50 nm.
- the strip-shaped convex-concave structure 401 in Fig. 4 is a slightly curved strip shape, and other cases are straight strips, curved strips, and complex strips.
- the curved strip has a shape such as a C shape, a Y shape or an O shape, and will not be described herein. Straight or slightly curved strips are commonly used.
- the long axis of the strip-shaped convex-concave structure is oriented in the longitudinal direction
- the transverse direction is the transverse direction
- the longitudinal dimension is called the length
- the lateral dimension is called the width
- the ratio of the length to the width is called the aspect ratio.
- the length-to-diameter ratio of the strip-shaped convex-concave is between several and tens of times, and the aspect ratio of the long-shaped convex-concave is in the range of several tens to hundreds, and the point-like convex and concave can be regarded as a length-to-diameter ratio close to 1
- the strip-shaped convex and concave, the long-point convex and concave is between the point-like convex and concave and the strip-shaped convex and concave.
- the convex-concave structure can be regarded as a strip-shaped convex and concave with different aspect ratios from point to strip to strip. A large number of uniform, regular-shaped strip-shaped projections and depressions form a strip-shaped convex-concave surface.
- the third embodiment of the convex-concave structure shown in Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the appearance of a smooth-shaped undulating convex-concave structure, the outer surface of which is an optically smooth wave surface.
- the circular arc wavy line 502 which is connected by the same circular arc between the convex and concave phases serves as the wire of the circular arc wave surface 501, and the straight line serves as the wave surface bus bar 503.
- the outer surface of the undulating surface is optically smooth.
- the wavy lines include, but are not limited to, a regular curve such as an arc wavy line, an elliptical wavy line, a sinusoidal wavy line, a parabolic wavy line, and the like, and any combination of randomly varying irregular wavy lines.
- the elliptical wavy line 6a is formed by sequentially connecting elliptical arcs of protrusions and depressions.
- the sinusoidal wavy line 6b is a continuous sinusoid.
- the irregular wavy line 6c is an irregular wavy line drawn randomly.
- the busbars of the wavy surface can be straight or curved. Commonly used are straight bus bars.
- the straight-line busbar wavy convexity and concave can be regarded as a strip-shaped convex-concave with an aspect ratio of infinity. The larger the aspect ratio, the smaller the surface bending loss. The surface bending loss of the straight busbar wave surface can be minimized.
- Different types of convex and concave structures have different characteristics from point-like convexities and concaves, to strip-shaped convexities and concaves, to wave-surface convexities and concaves.
- the point-like convex-concave structure has the best effect, followed by the strip-shaped convex-concave structure and the long-shaped convex-concave structure, and finally the wavy convex-concave structure, that is, the smaller the aspect ratio, the better.
- the bending loss of the surface of the linear busbar surface is the smallest, followed by the long convex-concave structure and the strip-shaped convex-concave structure.
- the surface bending loss of the point-like convex-concave structure is the largest, that is, the larger the aspect ratio, the better.
- the linear bus wavy surface can meet the requirements of the actual use to reduce the surface mirror reflection, and the surface bending loss is small, which is a preferred surface convex and concave structure.
- the width of the convex-concave structure refers to the average diameter of the point-like convex-concave structure, the average width of the strip-shaped uneven structure, or the average wavelength of the wavy convex-concave structure.
- the width of the relief structure affects the external visual effect and manufacturing difficulty of the diverging reflective surface.
- the finer the width of the relief structure the finer the surface looks. If the width of the convex-concave structure is too small, the manufacturing difficulty will increase, and the wear resistance and service life may be lowered.
- the balance of manufacturing difficulty and visual effect is balanced, and the width of the preferred convex-concave structure is between several micrometers and several millimeters.
- the surface of the convex-concave structure adopts a circular arc surface, the arc length of the arc is 3 micrometers, and the arc height is 0.5 micrometer.
- the material is made of PC resin, and the high-precision precision molding is required to form a long stable period. After molding, the convex and concave structure of the surface is indistinguishable to the naked eye, and the surface has no specular reflection that can be imaged, and has a specular reflection effect similar to the diffuse reflection of the rough surface.
- the sinusoidal wave surface is a sine wave with a wavelength of 10 mm and a wave height of 0.6 mm.
- the surface of the wave surface is optically smooth.
- the wave surface has a large size and is used for viewing a light-emitting advertising light guide plate with a distance of more than 5 meters. It is difficult for the naked eye to distinguish the surface unevenness of the wave surface at a far viewing distance, and has a certain ability to eliminate specular reflection.
- the width of the relief structure is between tens of microns and hundreds of microns. For example from 30 microns to 800 microns.
- the width of the relief structure is between 100 microns and 300 microns.
- a width of 200 microns close-range vision is almost indistinguishable and relatively easy to produce.
- One or both of the two outer surfaces of the light guide plate, part or all of the surface adopts a surface structure of the light guide plate according to the present invention, and the surface is provided with a convex-concave structure, and the curved outer surface of the convex-concave structure is optically smooth, which is called divergence. Reflecting light guide.
- a convex-concave structure is provided in a region where it is necessary to eliminate specular reflection interference.
- the other parts of the surface, as well as the rearward surface, can be selectively used.
- Light guide plate embodiment 1
- An outwardly-facing surface of the flat light guide plate is provided with a long strip-shaped convex and concave structure, the longitudinal length of the strip-shaped convex and concave is about 80 mm, the lateral width is 100 micrometers, the height is 10 micrometers, and the cross-sectional contour of the convex-concave structure is a bell curve, convex and concave
- the surface roughness profile Ra of the structure is less than 10 nanometers, and the lateral spacing between the convex and concave structures is 100 micrometers, and the longitudinal direction is connected end to end, and the rearward surface of the light guide plate is a plane. Due to the divergent reflective surface, specular reflection on the surface of the light guide plate is significantly suppressed.
- Light guide plate embodiment 2 is a light guide plate
- the light guide plate has a light source at the end surface thereof, and the outer surface of the light guide plate is a circular arc wave surface.
- the circular arc wave surface wire 701 is composed of a circular arc line convex and concave with a chord length of 125 micrometers and an arc height of 15 micrometers.
- the convex-concave surface roughness profile Ra is controlled to be below 20 nm.
- the light emitted by the light source 703 After the light emitted by the light source 703 enters the light guide plate, it is transmitted inside the light guide plate, and its intensity varies with the angle.
- the spatial distribution of the intensity is as shown by the curve 704, and the center line direction is generally referred to as the working light pointing direction 705.
- the pointing direction is often also the great direction of light intensity.
- the strip-to-cavity aspect ratio As mentioned above, an important factor affecting the surface loss is the strip-to-cavity aspect ratio.
- the working light direction is parallel to the busbar direction, the light transmitted in the light guide plate is mainly transmitted in the form of total reflection, and the surface bending loss is minimized, which is negligible for the application of the illuminated blackboard.
- Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a divergent reflective light guide.
- One surface is a divergent reflective surface and the other surface is a flat surface.
- Both surfaces of the light guide plate may be divergent reflective surfaces, an embodiment of which is not shown.
- Figure 9 is a schematic illustration of an embodiment in which a divergent reflective surface light guide is used on a portion of the surface.
- the portion 903 of the front surface of the light guide plate covered by the frame 901 is a flat surface
- the exposed portion 904 is a divergent reflection surface
- the back surface 905 of the light guide plate is a flat surface.
- Such a light guide plate has the ability to eliminate specular reflection from the surface.
- the use of a flat surface at the portion 903 that is covered by the bezel 901 can reduce bending loss or manufacturing cost.
- the light guide plate structure has the simplest single-layer structure light guide plate, and also has a two-layer structure or a multi-layer structure light guide plate.
- a single-layer light guide plate use a divergent reflective surface
- a multi-layer light guide plate can also employ a divergent reflective surface.
- the light guiding plate is formed by laminating two or more layered materials, and the surface layer material adopts a divergent reflecting surface.
- the light guide is made up of two layers of material: the top layer material 1001 and the inner layer material 1002.
- Surface material The outer surface of the 1001 includes a convex-concave structure to form a divergent reflective surface, which can produce a diffuse reflection effect on the external light, thereby reducing the specular reflection interference.
- the preferred skin material of the light guiding plate layer material is thinner than the inner layer material.
- the skin material has a thickness between 30 microns and 3 mm.
- the layered structure between the micrometers is a thin film, and the thickness is from 800 micrometers to 3 millimeters.
- a film or sheet with a diverging reflective surface as a divergent reflective film or a divergent reflective sheet.
- the divergent reflective film or sheet is combined with a single or multi-layer light guide to form a divergent reflective light guide.
- the light-emitting blackboard light guide plate generally has a large format, the width is more than 1 meter, and the length is 2 meters.
- the convex and concave structure on the surface of the light guide plate is required to achieve optical smoothness and high manufacturing precision. It is produced by integral casting, injection molding, etc. It has large format, high precision and relatively large process difficulty.
- the outer surface of the film or the sheet is processed into a divergent reflecting surface, and the manufacturing process can be continuously high-speed production by means of heating roll forming, the process difficulty can be greatly reduced, the production speed is improved, and the cost is lower.
- a divergent reflective PET film is rolled by a roll forming method on a 30 micron thick PET film by a parabolic wavy convex and concave structure.
- the wavy surface wire is composed of a symmetrical 15 micrometer wide and 1.5 micron high parabolic convex and concave. A wavy line with a wavelength of 30 microns.
- a divergent reflective sheet is rolled and rolled on a 3 mm thick PMMA sheet by a heated roll calendering method.
- the corrugated wire is connected by an arc-convex connection of a chord length of 400 ⁇ m and an arc height of 25 ⁇ m.
- the light guide plate embodiment 6 or 7 can be combined with a single layer or a plurality of inner layer layer materials to form a layered divergent reflective light guide plate.
- the preferred inner layer material is made of a material with good transparency and light guiding ability, including optical grade PMMA (Polymethyl). Methacrylate, plexiglass, or PC (Poly Carbonate, polycarbonate) or ultra-white glass.
- PMMA Polymethyl
- Methacrylate, plexiglass, or PC Poly Carbonate, polycarbonate
- Light guide plate embodiment 8
- the utility model relates to a composite layered light guiding plate, which adopts flat white glass as the inner layer light transmissive material, and the surface material adopts the strengthened and hardened PET plastic film, and the outer surface of the film is made into a divergent reflecting surface.
- the layered light guide plate which is bonded and laminated by the glass and the hardened PET diverging reflection film has good impact resistance; even when the material is broken, there is no large amount of glass debris, and the safety is higher than that of the glass.
- the lamination of layered materials of different materials can also improve the wear resistance of the light guide plate and the like.
- the surface layer material has higher performance indexes such as hardness and wear resistance than the inner layer material, which helps to improve the service life of the light guide plate.
- abrasion resistant materials including but not limited to abrasion resistant materials, self-cleaning materials, self-healing materials, hard materials, self-lubricating materials, and the like. Can be selected according to application requirements.
- the surface layer material of the light guiding layer layer material has a lower reflectance than the inner layer material, and can further reduce surface reflection.
- a divergent reflective film the surface layer material is a 0.3 mm thick PMMA film, and the inner layer material is a 5 mm thick PC plate.
- the surface layer PMMA film has a surface reflectance slightly lower than that of the inner layer material PC light guide plate.
- the surface reflectance can be further reduced to about 6% to 7%, which is much lower than the reflectance of 8% to 9% of the surface of the inner layer material PC.
- Material selection can be based on material property data.
- the preferred order of several commonly used materials is: PMMA, PP, PVC, PC, PET.
- the composite means include, but are not limited to, the above exemplified ones, and there are many composite methods available in the prior art.
- One surface of the film material is disposed as a divergent reflection surface to become a divergent reflection film.
- the other surface of the divergent reflective film may be coated with an adhesive layer for bonding with other layers.
- a bonded divergent reflective light guide plate which is formed into a PET having a thickness of 300 ⁇ m by hot press molding
- the divergent reflective film has an outer surface which is a circular wave wave surface divergent reflection surface, and the wavy wire is composed of a circular arc-convex connection of a chord length of 150 micrometers and an arc height of 15 micrometers, and the wave surface wavelength is 300.
- the micrometer, convex and concave surface roughness profile Ra is not more than 50 nm.
- the other surface of the PET divergent reflective film is coated with an optical adhesive to form a tacky diffuse reflective film.
- the divergent reflective film with 5 mm The thick flat glass is bonded to form a foil diffusing reflective light guide.
- a layered divergent reflective light guide plate is formed by casting a super white glass into a 1 mm thick divergent reflective glass sheet and then bonding it to a 5 mm thick PMMA plexiglass to form a surface as a divergent reflective surface.
- Light guide plate Such a light guide plate surface is harder and more durable than a plastic material surface, and has higher impact resistance than a light guide plate made entirely of glass.
- Light guide plate embodiment 12 is
- a two-sided divergent reflective surface layered light guide plate comprising a 5 mm thick PMMA light guide plate, one surface of which is a cast-formed divergent reflective surface and a flat surface; the flat surface is affixed with a 0.2 mm thick PET diffused reflective film , a composite light guide plate with divergent reflective surfaces on both sides.
- the divergent reflective illuminating blackboard includes at least a light source and a light guide plate.
- the light guide plate employs the divergent reflection light guide plate of the present invention.
- a preferred embodiment of the illuminated blackboard of the present invention is a divergent reflective light guide plate 1101 and a light source. 1102 composition. Other optional components are not shown.
- the light emitted by the light source 1102 enters the light guide plate and is totally reflected and transmitted in the light guide plate.
- the light guide plate is diffused on the surface of the light guide plate to make the handwriting appear to emit light.
- the surface of the illuminated blackboard has a divergent reflection effect similar to diffuse reflection, which can effectively overcome the specular glare reflection of the flat light guide plate, and eliminate the visual interference of the clear mirror image of the specular reflection.
- the writing on the blackboard is clear and bright with high contrast.
- the divergent reflective illuminating blackboard eliminates the specular glare reflective interference and the visual obstacles caused by local hard-to-identify, and has an essential progress.
- the orientation of the convex and concave structure on the surface of the illuminated blackboard is set to be vertically upward and downward.
- the classroom lighting fluorescent lamp is installed perpendicular to the board surface, and the direction of the convex and concave structure of the illuminating blackboard surface is set to be vertically up and down, and the anti-reflective effect of the vertically wavy surface divergent reflecting surface can be utilized to the utmost extent.
- the invention also provides a method for manufacturing the surface structure of the light guiding plate, which comprises two steps of forming and re-polishing first.
- a surface having a convex-concave structure is produced by a known molding method such as a mechanical forming method, an inkjet printing method, an etching forming method, a calender molding method, etc., and the obtained surface tends to have a large roughness and is not optically smooth. The requirements are then polished to the surface.
- polishing methods include mechanical polishing, thermal polishing, ultrasonic polishing, etc., but these polishing processes have low polishing efficiency for large-format light guide plates, and may cause severe damage to fine convex and concave structures.
- the polishing method provided by the present invention is as follows: first, a surface of the surface to be polished is coated with a clear coating, such as a varnish; then the coating is dried and cured to obtain a transparent coating film whose surface is optically smooth.
- the smooth surface of the clear coating film replaces the rough surface of the surface to be polished to achieve a polishing effect, which is called film polishing.
- the silicone resin to the surface to be polished and dry at 40 ° C to 60 ° C for 15 to 30 minutes, preferably at Dry at 40 degrees for 20 minutes; then cure at 80 °C to 90 °C for 2 to 3 hours, preferably at 80 °C for 3 hours to obtain a film thickness of 3 to 10 Micron transparent coating film.
- the coating film adheres to the surface of the wave surface instead of the rough surface, and the surface of the coating film is optically smooth, and the roughness profile Ra is less than 10 nm.
- the coating is dried by infrared heating, and the surface of the coating is cured to form a film by using an ultraviolet curing lamp, and the surface of the obtained coating film is optically smooth, and the roughness profile Ra is less than 50 nm.
- the coated film can be used to make a divergent reflective light guide, which is then made into a divergent reflective light-emitting blackboard.
- the film polishing method can also be used to polish the divergent reflective film and the divergent reflective sheet.
- a coating material having a higher film hardness or wear resistance than the material to be coated after film formation is preferable to select a coating material having a higher film hardness or wear resistance than the material to be coated after film formation.
- the light guide plate is made of PMMA material, and its surface hardness is less than pencil hardness 2H. You can scratch the surface with a paper towel.
- the surface of the light guide plate is polished by silicone hardening resin, and the surface hardness and wear resistance are greatly improved. The surface hardness can reach a maximum of 7H to 9H. The service life of the product is obviously extended.
- the coating-polished coating is selected from a coating having a lower surface reflectance than the coated material after film formation. This helps to reduce the overall level of reflection on the surface.
- the light guiding plate is a layered composite light guiding plate, the inner layer is made of 5 mm thick ultra-white glass, and the outer layer is made of PC.
- the resin is produced by calendering to a thickness of 200
- the micron divergent reflective film has a wavy convex and concave structure on its surface, and is laminated and laminated by a vacuum suction composite method.
- the surface of the convex-concave structure of the divergent reflective film is polished by a UV-curable silicone resin, and the surface reflectance is from 8% to 9% of PC materials, down to 7%, a drop of more than 10%.
- the surface forming method of the above embodiment can also be used outside the light guide plate.
- a smear-finished hair can be used to improve the surface finish such that the surface roughness profile Ra reaches a high finish level of less than 10 microns.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
- Drawing Aids And Blackboards (AREA)
- Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (20)
- 一种光导板表面结构,其特征在于:所述光导板表面设置有凸凹结构,所述凸凹结构的外表面为光学光滑表面。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光导板表面结构,其特征在于:所述光学光滑表面的粗糙度轮廓算术平均偏差不大于光导板内工作光线最短波长的1/8。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光导板表面结构,其特征在于:所述光学光滑表面的粗糙度轮廓算术平均偏差不大于50纳米。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光导板表面结构,其特征在于:所述光学光滑表面的粗糙度轮廓算术平均偏差不大于10纳米。
- 根据权利要求1任意一项所述的光导板表面结构,其特征在于:所述凸凹结构为点状凸凹结构、条状凸凹结构或波浪面凸凹结构中的任意一种或其中几种的组合。
- 根据权利要求5任意一项所述的光导板表面结构,其特征在于:所述波浪面凸凹结构的表面导线为圆弧波浪线、椭圆波浪线、正弦波浪线、抛物线波浪线等规则曲线、或随机的不规则波浪线中的任意一种或其中几种的组合。
- 根据权利要求1至6任意一项所述的光导板表面结构,其特征在于:所述凸凹结构的宽度为3微米至10毫米。
- 根据权利要求1至6任意一项所述的光导板表面结构,其特征在于:所述凸凹结构的宽度为30微米至1毫米。
- 根据权利要求1至6任意一项所述的光导板表面结构,其特征在于:所述凸凹结构的宽度为100微米至300微米。
- 一种光导板,包括两个相对设置的外表面,其特征在于:至少一个外表面的部分区域采用如权利要求1至9任意一项所述的表面。
- 根据权利要求10所述的光导板,其特征在于:所述凸凹结构的走向与光导板内工作光线的指向方向平行。
- 根据权利要求10所述的光导板,其特征在于:光导板由层状材料层叠复合而成。
- 根据权利要求12所述的光导板,其特征是:所述层状材料中的表层材料厚度在30微米到3毫米之间。
- 根据权利要求12所述的光导板,其特征是:所述层状材料中的表层材料的硬度或耐磨性高于内层材料。
- 根据权利要求12所述的光导板,其特征是:所述层状材料中的表层材料的反射率低于内层材料。
- 一种发光黑板,包括光导板和工作光源,工作光源设置在光导板的端面,其特征在于:发光黑板光导板采用权利要求10到15任意一项所述的光导板。
- 根据权利要求16所述的发光黑板,其特征在于:发光黑板光导板表面凸凹结构的走向设置成垂直上下方向。
- 一种表面成型方法,包括:首先在基材表面制作凸凹结构,然后对具有凸凹结构的表面进行抛光处理,其特征在于:所述抛光处理包括先在被抛光材料的表面涂装透明涂层;然后使涂层固化成膜,所述膜的表面为光学光滑表面。
- 根据权利要求18所述的表面成型方法,其特征在于:所述透明涂料为成膜后硬度或耐磨性高于被抛光材料。
- 根据权利要求18所述的表面成型方法,其特征在于:所述透明涂料为成膜后反射率低于被抛光材料。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP12883153.4A EP2889658A4 (en) | 2012-08-21 | 2012-08-21 | SURFACE STRUCTURE FOR A LIGHT CONDUCTOR PLATE, AND APPLICATION THEREOF AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THEREOF |
PCT/CN2012/080430 WO2014029082A1 (zh) | 2012-08-21 | 2012-08-21 | 一种光导板表面结构及其应用和制造方法 |
US14/423,249 US20150338564A1 (en) | 2012-08-21 | 2012-08-21 | Surface texture of light guide plate, use and manufacturing method thereof |
JP2015526851A JP2015532724A (ja) | 2012-08-21 | 2012-08-21 | 導光板表面構造、その応用及び製造方法 |
CN201280075243.0A CN104641269B (zh) | 2012-08-21 | 2012-08-21 | 一种光导板表面结构及其应用和制造方法 |
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PCT/CN2012/080430 WO2014029082A1 (zh) | 2012-08-21 | 2012-08-21 | 一种光导板表面结构及其应用和制造方法 |
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WO2016164334A1 (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2016-10-13 | Corning Incorporated | Texture gradient for uniform light output from a transparent backlight |
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CN104641269B (zh) | 2020-03-06 |
EP2889658A1 (en) | 2015-07-01 |
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US20150338564A1 (en) | 2015-11-26 |
CN104641269A (zh) | 2015-05-20 |
JP2015532724A (ja) | 2015-11-12 |
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