WO2014029070A1 - Apparatus for measuring sound velocity of gas-liquid two-phase flow - Google Patents
Apparatus for measuring sound velocity of gas-liquid two-phase flow Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014029070A1 WO2014029070A1 PCT/CN2012/080390 CN2012080390W WO2014029070A1 WO 2014029070 A1 WO2014029070 A1 WO 2014029070A1 CN 2012080390 W CN2012080390 W CN 2012080390W WO 2014029070 A1 WO2014029070 A1 WO 2014029070A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- liquid
- phase flow
- measuring
- sound
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H5/00—Measuring propagation velocity of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. of pressure waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/14—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring differences of pressure in the fluid
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of fluid measurement, and is a device for measuring the velocity of sound of a gas-liquid two-phase flow, that is, measuring the propagation velocity of a pressure wave in a gas-liquid two-phase flow.
- the flow of gas-liquid two-phase flow is the most common complex phenomenon in engineering.
- the speed of sound in a fluid is the speed at which the pressure wave travels in the fluid, that is, the rate at which small disturbances occurring in one area of the fluid propagate to other areas.
- the speed of sound of a single phase fluid decreases as the compressibility of the fluid increases. For example, the speed of sound in water can reach 1500m/s, and the speed of sound in air is about 340m/s.
- the compressibility of the gas-liquid mixture is much smaller than the compressibility of the single-phase component, so the speed of sound in the gas-liquid two-phase flow is extremely large. decline.
- the main flow parameters affecting the sound velocity of a gas-liquid two-phase flow are: fluid flow velocity, gas content, dispersion, and temperature.
- a device capable of simultaneously measuring the influence of the above factors on the sound velocity of the gas-liquid two-phase flow is required. Summary of the invention
- It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for measuring the speed of sound of a gas-liquid two-phase flow comprising a liquid supply system, a gas supply system, a gas-liquid mixer, a heat transfer conduit, a duct heating system, and a disturbing wave.
- Generator a measuring tube with thermal insulation, three pressure sensors, one electrode pair, a closed-loop control system for gas content, and a gas-liquid separation system. among them,
- the two-phase flow of liquid is provided by a liquid supply system, and the gas is supplied by a gas supply system;
- the liquid and gas enter the gas-liquid mixer to form a homogeneous gas-liquid two-phase flow;
- the two-phase flow enters the heat transfer pipe, which is heated by the pipe heating system, and a disturbance wave generator is connected before or after the heat transfer pipe;
- Three pressure sensors and electrode pairs are mounted on the wall of the measuring pipe;
- the gas content closed-loop control system adjusts the gas flow rate through the electronically controlled throttle valve;
- a gas-liquid separation system is connected downstream of the measuring pipe.
- a measuring device consisting of the above-mentioned components can measure the speed of sound of the gas-liquid two-phase flow, as well as the flow velocity, gas content, dispersion, and temperature-to-sound velocity of the two-phase flow.
- the device for measuring the sound velocity of the gas-liquid two-phase flow proposed by the invention is simple, practical, convenient to use, and powerful in function.
- the effects of the four parameters of flow velocity, gas content, dispersion, and temperature on the sound velocity of the gas-liquid two-phase flow can be measured separately, and the influence of any one of the parameters can be considered independently. Impact, cross-over experiment. DRAWINGS
- Figure 1 is a layout view of a device for measuring the speed of sound of a gas-liquid two-phase flow. In the picture,
- Figure 2 is a schematic view of the installation of the pressure sensor and electrode pair on the measuring pipe. In the picture,
- Figure 3 is a layout view of a device for measuring the speed of sound in an air-water two-phase flow. In the picture,
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a gas-liquid mixer. In the picture,
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the disturbance generator. In the picture,
- Figure 1 is a layout view of a device for measuring the speed of sound of a gas-liquid two-phase flow.
- the liquid of the two-phase flow is supplied from the liquid supply system (1), and the gas is supplied from the gas supply system (3).
- the liquid stream (2) and the gas stream (4) enter the gas-liquid mixer (5) according to the ratio of the liquid flow rate value and the gas flow rate value to be sufficiently mixed to form a homogeneous gas-liquid two-phase flow.
- the two-phase flow enters the heat transfer conduit (16). Depending on the set temperature, it is heated by the pipe heating system (6) until the predetermined temperature is reached.
- a disturbance wave generator (15) is connected to generate a frequency-adjustable standard sine wave, which is transmitted as a disturbance wave to the subsequent measurement pipe (12). At this stage, it is adiabatic, and the two-phase flow temperature is considered to be constant.
- Both the heat transfer pipe and the measuring pipe are elongated pipes having a circular cross section.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of the pressure sensor and electrode pair on the measuring pipe.
- Three pressure sensors and electrode pairs are mounted on the wall of the measuring pipe (12). In the direction of flow, the three pressure sensors are numbered 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Are equidistant from each other.
- No. 2 is the center pressure sensor (13), and No. 1 and No. 3 are called the upstream pressure sensor (10) and the downstream pressure sensor (9).
- Nos. 1 and 3 are installed opposite the 2nd.
- a pressure sensor (8) is mounted directly opposite the pressure sensor, and the measuring end penetrates into the measuring pipe (12) but does not exceed the central axis of the measuring pipe (12). Sensors 1, 2, 3 are used to measure the pressure at three points, and electrode pairs (8) are used to measure the local air content.
- the electrode pairs need to be calibrated to obtain a relationship between the output voltage and the gas content. Because the heating process of the heat transfer conduit (16) causes the gas content in the measuring pipe to change, deviating from the set gas content. This can be reflected by the measured value of the electrode pair (8) and whether it is consistent with the set value. If there is a deviation, a gas content closed-loop control system (7) further adjusts the gas flow until the deviation of the gas content measured at the electrode pair (8) from the set value is within the error range.
- the measuring pipe (12) is connected downstream with a gas-liquid separation system (11), and the separated liquid is returned to the liquid supply system (1).
- a structure and principle of a device for measuring the sound velocity of a gas-liquid two-phase flow proposed by the present invention is further illustrated in another embodiment. Specifically, it is a device for the propagation velocity of a pressure wave in an air-water two-phase flow.
- FIG 3 is a layout view of an apparatus for measuring the speed of sound in an air-water two-phase flow.
- the water in the two phase stream is provided by a liquid supply system.
- the system includes a fixed height water tank (17), ground The upper collecting basin (20), liquid pump (21), flow meter (18), electronically controlled throttle valve (19) and other components.
- the velocity of the fluid is controlled by a liquid pump (21) in the liquid supply system.
- Air is supplied by the gas supply system.
- the system includes a compressed air pump (27), a gas flow meter (29), an electronically controlled throttle valve (28), a temperature sensor (30), a pressure monitoring sensor (31), and the like.
- the electrode pair in Figure 1 uses a platinum electrode pair (26) here, and the remaining components are the same as in Figure 1.
- the water stream (22) and the air stream (32) are mixed into the gas-liquid mixer (5) to form a homogeneous air-water two-phase flow.
- Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a gas-liquid mixer.
- a cylindrical cavity (33) of the gas-liquid mixer in which a three-layer metal mesh (37) made of stainless steel is mounted in the axial direction, the cylindrical top surface is a liquid inlet (34), and the opposite side is a two-phase flow outlet (38)
- the gas enters from the small holes (35, 36) around the cylinder, and the liquid and gas are mixed through the pores of the metal mesh to form a homogeneous air-water two-phase flow.
- the air content is adjusted by the electronically controlled throttle valve in the air supply system according to the ratio of the flow rate of the water and the flow rate of the air.
- the air content can range from 0 (pure water) to 100% (pure air).
- the values of the temperature sensor (30) and the pressure monitoring sensor (31) are used to correct the density value of the air.
- the gas-liquid mixer (5) is connected to the heat transfer pipe (16).
- the heat transfer pipe (16) is made of a stainless steel material with a high heat transfer coefficient. After the air-water two-phase flow enters the heat transfer pipe (16), it is heated by the pipe heating system (6) according to the set temperature until the predetermined temperature is reached.
- the pipe heating system (6) uses a high-power electromagnetic heater. After the heat transfer pipe (16), a disturbance wave generator (15) is connected to generate a standard sine wave with adjustable frequency.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the disturbance generator.
- the sine wave is obtained by a reciprocating piston mechanism (40) that is dragged by a servo motor (39). If the dispersion of the speed of sound of the two-phase flow is not considered, i.e., the degree of response of the speed of sound to the disturbance frequency, the disturbance generator (16) is not activated.
- the sine wave acts as a disturbing wave and is passed to the subsequent measuring tube with adiabatic function.
- the measuring pipe (12) stage is insulated and the air-water two-phase flow temperature is considered to be constant.
- the material uses a plexiglass with a low heat transfer coefficient.
- the cross section of the heat transfer conduit (16) and the measurement conduit (12) are both circular elongated tubes of equal diameter.
- the ratio of the length of the heating pipe (16) to the measuring pipe (12) and the diameter of the measuring pipe (12) is greater than 10 in order to make the wavelength of the sound velocity in the air-water two-phase flow much larger than the diameter, thus ensuring the pressure wave Only the axial propagation of the measuring pipe along the path ensures that the flow is a prerequisite for one-dimensional flow.
- the measuring pipe (12) is equipped with a central pressure sensor (13), an upstream pressure sensor (10), and a downstream pressure sensor (9).
- the installation position is the same as in Figure 1.
- This embodiment employs a platinum electrode pair (26).
- the pipe speed heating system (6) may not be started and the sound velocity measurement test may be performed at room temperature.
- a gas-liquid separation system (11) is connected downstream of the measuring pipe (12).
- the system uses centrifugal force to decompose The air and water, separated backwater (25) are recycled back to the collection tank (20).
- All data is collected, analyzed and processed by a data acquisition and analysis system (23).
- the FFT is performed on the values of the pressure sensors obtained at three different positions.
- the correlation analysis and spectral analysis method can be used to calculate the air-water two-phase flow at a certain flow speed, a certain air content, a certain disturbance frequency, and a certain The local speed of sound at temperature.
- the processing is controlled by the control computer (24). List of reference signs
Abstract
An apparatus for measuring the sound velocity of a gas-liquid two-phase flow comprises a liquid supply system (1), a gas supply system (3), a gas-liquid mixer (5), a heat transfer pipeline (16), a pipe heating system (6), a disturbance wave generator (15), a measuring pipeline (12) having a heat insulating function, three pressure sensors (9, 10, 13), an electrode pair (8), a gas content closed-loop control system (7), and a gas-liquid separation system (11). The measuring apparatus formed by connecting the foregoing parts can measure the sound velocity of a gas-liquid two-phase flow, and an effect of the flowing speed of the two-phase flow, gas content, dispersivity, and temperature on the sound velocity.
Description
测量气-液两相流的声速的装置 Device for measuring the speed of sound of a gas-liquid two-phase flow
技术领域 Technical field
本发明涉及流体测量领域， 是一种测量气 -液两相流的声速， 也就是测量气- 液两相流中压力波的传播速度的装置。 背景技术 The invention relates to the field of fluid measurement, and is a device for measuring the velocity of sound of a gas-liquid two-phase flow, that is, measuring the propagation velocity of a pressure wave in a gas-liquid two-phase flow. Background technique
气 -液两相流的流动是工程上最常见的复杂现象。 流体中的声速是指流体中 压力波的传播速度，即流体某一区域内发生的微小扰动传播到其他区域的传播速 度。单相流体的声速是随着流体的可压缩性的提高而降低。例如水中的声速可达 1500m/s , 而空气的声速约为 340m/s。 在气-液两相流中， 由于两相介质相互掺 混， 导致气-液混合物的可压缩性远小于其中单相成分的可压缩性， 因此气 -液两 相流中的声速的极大下降。工程上， 例如在核反应堆的安全设计、 喷雾燃烧过程 的组织、 油气输运管道的安置等领域中， 都需要考虑气-液两相流的声速问题， 因为气液两相流的压力波的传播特性对上述工程问题有十分重要的作用。 The flow of gas-liquid two-phase flow is the most common complex phenomenon in engineering. The speed of sound in a fluid is the speed at which the pressure wave travels in the fluid, that is, the rate at which small disturbances occurring in one area of the fluid propagate to other areas. The speed of sound of a single phase fluid decreases as the compressibility of the fluid increases. For example, the speed of sound in water can reach 1500m/s, and the speed of sound in air is about 340m/s. In the gas-liquid two-phase flow, since the two-phase medium is blended with each other, the compressibility of the gas-liquid mixture is much smaller than the compressibility of the single-phase component, so the speed of sound in the gas-liquid two-phase flow is extremely large. decline. In engineering, for example, in the safety design of nuclear reactors, the organization of spray combustion processes, and the placement of oil and gas transport pipelines, the sound velocity of gas-liquid two-phase flow needs to be considered, because the pressure wave propagation of gas-liquid two-phase flow Characteristics have a very important role in the above engineering problems.
影响气-液两相流的声速的主要流动参数有： 流体的流动速度、 气体含量、 色散性、温度。为准确获得气-液两相流在上述流动参数下的压力波的传播特性， 需要一种能够同时测量上述因素对气 -液两相流的声速的影响的装置。 发明内容 The main flow parameters affecting the sound velocity of a gas-liquid two-phase flow are: fluid flow velocity, gas content, dispersion, and temperature. In order to accurately obtain the propagation characteristics of the pressure wave of the gas-liquid two-phase flow under the above flow parameters, a device capable of simultaneously measuring the influence of the above factors on the sound velocity of the gas-liquid two-phase flow is required. Summary of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种测量气液两相流的声速的装置，它包括一个液体供 给系统、 一个气体供给系统、 一个气液混合器、一个传热管道、一个管道加热系 统、 一个扰动波发生器、 一个具有绝热功能的测量管道， 三个压力传感器、 一个 电极对， 一个气体含量的闭环控制系统、 一个气液分离系统。 其中， It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for measuring the speed of sound of a gas-liquid two-phase flow comprising a liquid supply system, a gas supply system, a gas-liquid mixer, a heat transfer conduit, a duct heating system, and a disturbing wave. Generator, a measuring tube with thermal insulation, three pressure sensors, one electrode pair, a closed-loop control system for gas content, and a gas-liquid separation system. among them,
两相流的液体由液体供给系统提供， 气体由气体供给系统提供； The two-phase flow of liquid is provided by a liquid supply system, and the gas is supplied by a gas supply system;
液体、 气体进入气液混合器形成均质气液两相流； The liquid and gas enter the gas-liquid mixer to form a homogeneous gas-liquid two-phase flow;
两相流进入传热管道， 由管道加热系统对其进行加热， 在传热管道之前或之 后， 连接有扰动波发生器； The two-phase flow enters the heat transfer pipe, which is heated by the pipe heating system, and a disturbance wave generator is connected before or after the heat transfer pipe;
三个压力传感器和电极对安装在测量管道的壁面上； Three pressure sensors and electrode pairs are mounted on the wall of the measuring pipe;
气体含量闭环控制系统通过电控节气阀调整气体流量；
测量管道下游连接一个气液分离系统。 The gas content closed-loop control system adjusts the gas flow rate through the electronically controlled throttle valve; A gas-liquid separation system is connected downstream of the measuring pipe.
由上述部件连接组成的测量装置可以测量气 -液两相流的声速，以及两相流的 流动速度、 气体含量、 色散性、 温度对声速的影响。 A measuring device consisting of the above-mentioned components can measure the speed of sound of the gas-liquid two-phase flow, as well as the flow velocity, gas content, dispersion, and temperature-to-sound velocity of the two-phase flow.
本发明提出的测量气液两相流的声速的装置结构简单、 实用， 使用方便， 功 能强大。 在这个装置上， 流动速度、 气体含量、 色散性、 温度四个参数对气液两 相流的声速的影响可以分别进行测量，独立地考虑其中任意一个参数的影响， 也 可综合考虑各个参数的影响， 进行交叉实验。 附图说明 The device for measuring the sound velocity of the gas-liquid two-phase flow proposed by the invention is simple, practical, convenient to use, and powerful in function. In this device, the effects of the four parameters of flow velocity, gas content, dispersion, and temperature on the sound velocity of the gas-liquid two-phase flow can be measured separately, and the influence of any one of the parameters can be considered independently. Impact, cross-over experiment. DRAWINGS
图 1是测量气-液两相流的声速的装置的布局图。 图中， Figure 1 is a layout view of a device for measuring the speed of sound of a gas-liquid two-phase flow. In the picture,
1液体供给系统、 2液体流、 3气体供给系统、 4气体流、 5气液混合器、 6管道加热系统、 7气体含量的闭环控制系统、 8电极对、 9下游压力传 感器、 1 liquid supply system, 2 liquid flow, 3 gas supply system, 4 gas flow, 5 gas-liquid mixer, 6 pipe heating system, 7 gas content closed-loop control system, 8 electrode pairs, 9 downstream pressure sensors,
10上游压力传感器、 11气液分离系统、 12测量管道、 13中心压力传感 器、 14液体回流、 15扰动波发生器、 16传热管道。 10 upstream pressure sensor, 11 gas-liquid separation system, 12 measuring tubes, 13 center pressure sensor, 14 liquid reflux, 15 disturbing wave generator, 16 heat transfer tubes.
图 2是压力传感器和电极对在测量管道上的安装示意图。 图中， Figure 2 is a schematic view of the installation of the pressure sensor and electrode pair on the measuring pipe. In the picture,
12测量管道、 10上游压力传感器、 9下游压力传感器、 12 measuring pipes, 10 upstream pressure sensors, 9 downstream pressure sensors,
8电极对、 13中心压力传感器。 8 electrode pairs, 13 center pressure sensor.
图 3是测量空气-水两相流中的声速的装置的布局图。 图中， Figure 3 is a layout view of a device for measuring the speed of sound in an air-water two-phase flow. In the picture,
17水箱、 6管道加热系统、 5气液混合器、 18流量计、 19电控节流阀、 20集水池、 21液体泵、 22水流、 16传热管道、 15扰动波发生器、 12 测量管道、 23数据采集分析系统、 24控制计算机、 25回水、 13中心压 力传感器、 11气液分离系统、 10上游压力传感器、 9下游压力传感器、 26铂金电极对、 7气体含量的闭环控制系统、 27压缩气泵、 28电控节 气阀、 29气体流量计、 30温度传感器、 31压力监控传感器、 32空气流。 图 4是气液混合器的结构示意图。 图中， 17 water tank, 6 pipe heating system, 5 gas liquid mixer, 18 flow meter, 19 electronically controlled throttle valve, 20 set pool, 21 liquid pump, 22 water flow, 16 heat transfer pipe, 15 disturbing wave generator, 12 measuring pipe , 23 data acquisition and analysis system, 24 control computer, 25 back water, 13 center pressure sensor, 11 gas-liquid separation system, 10 upstream pressure sensor, 9 downstream pressure sensor, 26 platinum electrode pair, 7 gas content closed-loop control system, 27 Compressed air pump, 28 electronically controlled throttle, 29 gas flow meter, 30 temperature sensor, 31 pressure monitoring sensor, 32 air flow. Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a gas-liquid mixer. In the picture,
33圆柱形腔体、 34液体入口、 35, 36空气进入的周边的小孔、 37三层 金属网、 38两相流出口。 33 cylindrical cavity, 34 liquid inlet, 35, 36 air inlet peripheral aperture, 37 triple metal mesh, 38 two phase flow outlet.
图 5是扰动发生器的工作原理图。 图中， Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the disturbance generator. In the picture,
39伺服电机拖动、 40往复式活塞机构、 12具有绝热功能的测量管道。 具体实施方式
以一个具体实施方案进一步说明本发明提出的一种测量气-液两相流的声速 的装置的结构和原理。 39 servo motor drag, 40 reciprocating piston mechanism, 12 measuring tube with thermal insulation function. detailed description A structure and principle of a device for measuring the speed of sound of a gas-liquid two-phase flow proposed by the present invention is further illustrated in a specific embodiment.
图 1是测量气-液两相流的声速的装置的布局图。 如图 1中所示， 两相流的 液体由液体供给系统 （1 ) 提供， 气体由气体供给系统 （3) 提供。 液体流 （2)、 气体流（4)按照液体流量值、 气体流量值的配比进入气液混合器（5)进行充分 混合形成均质气 -液两相流。 两相流进入传热管道（16)。 根据设定的温度， 由管 道加热系统 （6) 对其进行加热， 直到达到预定温度。 在传热管道 （16) 之前或 之后， 连接有扰动波发生器 （15)， 产生频率可调的标准正弦波， 作为扰动波， 传入后面的测量管道 （12)。 此阶段， 是具有绝热功能的， 两相流温度被认为是 恒定的。 传热管道和测量管道都是横截面为圆形的细长管道。 Figure 1 is a layout view of a device for measuring the speed of sound of a gas-liquid two-phase flow. As shown in Fig. 1, the liquid of the two-phase flow is supplied from the liquid supply system (1), and the gas is supplied from the gas supply system (3). The liquid stream (2) and the gas stream (4) enter the gas-liquid mixer (5) according to the ratio of the liquid flow rate value and the gas flow rate value to be sufficiently mixed to form a homogeneous gas-liquid two-phase flow. The two-phase flow enters the heat transfer conduit (16). Depending on the set temperature, it is heated by the pipe heating system (6) until the predetermined temperature is reached. Before or after the heat transfer pipe (16), a disturbance wave generator (15) is connected to generate a frequency-adjustable standard sine wave, which is transmitted as a disturbance wave to the subsequent measurement pipe (12). At this stage, it is adiabatic, and the two-phase flow temperature is considered to be constant. Both the heat transfer pipe and the measuring pipe are elongated pipes having a circular cross section.
图 2是压力传感器和电极对在测量管道上的安装示意图。三个压力传感器和 电极对安装在测量管道（12) 的壁面上。 从来流方向， 三个压力传感器分别标号 1, 2, 3。 彼此等距离。 2号为中心压力传感器 （13)， 1号和 3号分别被称为上游 压力传感器 （10) 和下游压力传感器 （9)。 1号和 3号被安装在 2号对面。 2号 压力传感器正对面安装一个电极对（8)， 测量端深入到测量管道（12) 中， 但不 超过测量管道（12) 的中心轴线。 传感器 1, 2, 3号用来测量三个点的压力， 电极 对 （8) 用来测量当地空气含量。 在测量前电极对需要标定， 获得输出电压和气 体含量的关系曲线。 因为传热管道（16)的加热过程会使测量管道内的气体含量 发生变化， 偏离设定好的气体含量。 这一点可以通过电极对 （8) 的测量值和是 否与设定值一致反映出来。 如果有偏差， 一个气体含量的闭环控制系统 （7) 进 一步调整气体流量， 直到电极对 （8 ) 处测量的气体含量值与设定值的偏差在误 差范围内。 Figure 2 is a schematic view of the installation of the pressure sensor and electrode pair on the measuring pipe. Three pressure sensors and electrode pairs are mounted on the wall of the measuring pipe (12). In the direction of flow, the three pressure sensors are numbered 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Are equidistant from each other. No. 2 is the center pressure sensor (13), and No. 1 and No. 3 are called the upstream pressure sensor (10) and the downstream pressure sensor (9). Nos. 1 and 3 are installed opposite the 2nd. A pressure sensor (8) is mounted directly opposite the pressure sensor, and the measuring end penetrates into the measuring pipe (12) but does not exceed the central axis of the measuring pipe (12). Sensors 1, 2, 3 are used to measure the pressure at three points, and electrode pairs (8) are used to measure the local air content. Before the measurement, the electrode pairs need to be calibrated to obtain a relationship between the output voltage and the gas content. Because the heating process of the heat transfer conduit (16) causes the gas content in the measuring pipe to change, deviating from the set gas content. This can be reflected by the measured value of the electrode pair (8) and whether it is consistent with the set value. If there is a deviation, a gas content closed-loop control system (7) further adjusts the gas flow until the deviation of the gas content measured at the electrode pair (8) from the set value is within the error range.
测量管道 （12) 下游连接一个气液分离系统 （11 )， 被分离液体回流 （14) 回到液体供给系统 （1 )。 The measuring pipe (12) is connected downstream with a gas-liquid separation system (11), and the separated liquid is returned to the liquid supply system (1).
所有数据通过一个数据采集分析系统采集、分析处理。对三个不同位置的压 力传感器的值进行 FFT变换，通过相关分析和谱分析的方法可以推算出两相流当 地的声速。 以另一个具体实施方案进一步说明本发明提出的一种测量气-液两相流的声 速的装置的结构和原理。 具体是一个空气-水两相流中的压力波的传播速度的装 置。 All data is collected, analyzed and processed by a data acquisition and analysis system. The values of the pressure sensors at three different positions are FFT-transformed, and the sound velocity of the two-phase flow can be derived by correlation analysis and spectral analysis. A structure and principle of a device for measuring the sound velocity of a gas-liquid two-phase flow proposed by the present invention is further illustrated in another embodiment. Specifically, it is a device for the propagation velocity of a pressure wave in an air-water two-phase flow.
图 3是测量空气-水两相流中的声速的装置的布局图。 如图 3中所示， 两相 流中的水由液体供给系统提供。 该系统中包括一个固定高度的水箱 （17 )、 地面
上的集水池 （20)、 液体泵 （21 )、 流量计 （18)、 电控节流阀 （19) 等部件。 流 体的速度由液体供给系统中的液体泵（21 )控制。 空气由气体供给系统提供。 该 系统包括压缩气泵（27)、气体流量计（29)、电控节气阀（28)、温度传感器（30)、 压力监控传感器 （31 ) 等部件。 图 1中的电极对此处使用铂金电极对 （26)， 其 余部件与图 1中的相同。 水流 （22) 和空气流 （32) 进入气液混合器 （5) 进行 充分混合， 形成均质空气 -水两相流。 Figure 3 is a layout view of an apparatus for measuring the speed of sound in an air-water two-phase flow. As shown in Figure 3, the water in the two phase stream is provided by a liquid supply system. The system includes a fixed height water tank (17), ground The upper collecting basin (20), liquid pump (21), flow meter (18), electronically controlled throttle valve (19) and other components. The velocity of the fluid is controlled by a liquid pump (21) in the liquid supply system. Air is supplied by the gas supply system. The system includes a compressed air pump (27), a gas flow meter (29), an electronically controlled throttle valve (28), a temperature sensor (30), a pressure monitoring sensor (31), and the like. The electrode pair in Figure 1 uses a platinum electrode pair (26) here, and the remaining components are the same as in Figure 1. The water stream (22) and the air stream (32) are mixed into the gas-liquid mixer (5) to form a homogeneous air-water two-phase flow.
图 4是气液混合器的结构示意图。 气液混合器的圆柱形腔体 （33)， 里面沿 轴线方向安装不锈钢制成的三层金属网 （37)， 圆柱形顶面是液体入口 （34)， 对 面是两相流出口 （38)， 气体从圆柱体周边的小孔（35, 36)进入， 液体和气体通 过金属网的孔隙后均勾混合， 形成均质空气 -水两相流。 其中空气的含量按照水 的流量值、 空气的流量值的配比， 通过供气系统中的电控节气阀调节。 空气的含 量可以从 0 (纯水）到 100% (纯空气）。温度传感器（30)和压力监控传感器（31 ) 的值用来修正空气的密度值。 Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a gas-liquid mixer. a cylindrical cavity (33) of the gas-liquid mixer, in which a three-layer metal mesh (37) made of stainless steel is mounted in the axial direction, the cylindrical top surface is a liquid inlet (34), and the opposite side is a two-phase flow outlet (38) The gas enters from the small holes (35, 36) around the cylinder, and the liquid and gas are mixed through the pores of the metal mesh to form a homogeneous air-water two-phase flow. The air content is adjusted by the electronically controlled throttle valve in the air supply system according to the ratio of the flow rate of the water and the flow rate of the air. The air content can range from 0 (pure water) to 100% (pure air). The values of the temperature sensor (30) and the pressure monitoring sensor (31) are used to correct the density value of the air.
气液混合器（5)连接传热管道（16)。 传热管道（16) 由传热系数较高的不 锈钢材料制成。 空气-水两相流进入传热管道 （16) 后， 根据设定的温度， 由管 道加热系统 （6)对其进行加热， 直到达到预定温度。 管道加热系统 （6)采用大 功率电磁加热器。 在传热管道 （16) 之后， 连接有扰动波发生器 （15)， 产生频 率可调的标准正弦波。 The gas-liquid mixer (5) is connected to the heat transfer pipe (16). The heat transfer pipe (16) is made of a stainless steel material with a high heat transfer coefficient. After the air-water two-phase flow enters the heat transfer pipe (16), it is heated by the pipe heating system (6) according to the set temperature until the predetermined temperature is reached. The pipe heating system (6) uses a high-power electromagnetic heater. After the heat transfer pipe (16), a disturbance wave generator (15) is connected to generate a standard sine wave with adjustable frequency.
图 5是扰动发生器的工作原理图。 正弦波由通过一个由伺服电机（39)拖动 的往复式活塞机构（40)获得。 如果不考虑两相流的声速的色散性， 即声速对扰 动频率的反应程度， 则不启动扰动发生器 （16)。 正弦波作为扰动波， 传入后面 的具有绝热功能的测量管道。 Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the disturbance generator. The sine wave is obtained by a reciprocating piston mechanism (40) that is dragged by a servo motor (39). If the dispersion of the speed of sound of the two-phase flow is not considered, i.e., the degree of response of the speed of sound to the disturbance frequency, the disturbance generator (16) is not activated. The sine wave acts as a disturbing wave and is passed to the subsequent measuring tube with adiabatic function.
测量管道 （12) 阶段， 是具有绝热功能的， 空气 -水两相流温度被认为是恒 定的。 材料采用传热系数较低的有机玻璃。 传热管道（16)和测量管道（12) 的 横截面都是圆形的细长管， 且直径相等。 加热管道（16)与测量管道（12)长度 之和与测量管道 （12)直径之比大于 10， 目的是使空气-水两相流中的声速的波 长远大于的直径，这样可以保证压力波仅沿着的测量管道的轴向传播，保证流动 是一维流动的前提假设。 The measuring pipe (12) stage is insulated and the air-water two-phase flow temperature is considered to be constant. The material uses a plexiglass with a low heat transfer coefficient. The cross section of the heat transfer conduit (16) and the measurement conduit (12) are both circular elongated tubes of equal diameter. The ratio of the length of the heating pipe (16) to the measuring pipe (12) and the diameter of the measuring pipe (12) is greater than 10 in order to make the wavelength of the sound velocity in the air-water two-phase flow much larger than the diameter, thus ensuring the pressure wave Only the axial propagation of the measuring pipe along the path ensures that the flow is a prerequisite for one-dimensional flow.
测量管道 （12) 壁面上安装中心压力传感器 （13)、 上游压力传感器 （10)、 下游压力传感器（9)， 安装位置与图 1中相同。 该实施例采用铂金电极对（26)。 The measuring pipe (12) is equipped with a central pressure sensor (13), an upstream pressure sensor (10), and a downstream pressure sensor (9). The installation position is the same as in Figure 1. This embodiment employs a platinum electrode pair (26).
如果不考虑温度对声速的影响， 可以不启动管道加热系统（6)， 在室温条件 下进行声速测量试验。 If the effect of temperature on the speed of sound is not taken into consideration, the pipe speed heating system (6) may not be started and the sound velocity measurement test may be performed at room temperature.
测量管道 （12) 下游相连一个气液分离系统 （11 )。 该系统利用离心力分解
空气和水， 被分离出的回水 （25 ) 回到集水池 （20 ) 中循环使用。 A gas-liquid separation system (11) is connected downstream of the measuring pipe (12). The system uses centrifugal force to decompose The air and water, separated backwater (25) are recycled back to the collection tank (20).
所有数据通过一个数据采集分析系统（23 )采集、 分析处理。 对所获得三个 不同位置的压力传感器的值进行 FFT变换，通过相关分析和谱分析的方法可以推 算出空气-水两相流在一定的流动速度、 一定的空气含量、 一定扰动频率、 一定 的温度下的当地的声速。 处理过程由控制计算机 （24) 控制。 附图标记列表 All data is collected, analyzed and processed by a data acquisition and analysis system (23). The FFT is performed on the values of the pressure sensors obtained at three different positions. The correlation analysis and spectral analysis method can be used to calculate the air-water two-phase flow at a certain flow speed, a certain air content, a certain disturbance frequency, and a certain The local speed of sound at temperature. The processing is controlled by the control computer (24). List of reference signs
1液体供给系统 1 liquid supply system
2液体流 2 liquid flow
3气体供给系统 3 gas supply system
4气体流 4 gas flow
5气液混合器 5 gas liquid mixer
6管道加热系统 6 pipe heating system
7气体含量的闭环控制系统 7 gas content closed loop control system
8电极对 8 electrode pair
9下游压力传感器 9 downstream pressure sensor
10上游压力传感器 10 upstream pressure sensor
11气液分离系统 11 gas-liquid separation system
12测量管道 12 measuring pipeline
13中心压力传感器 13 center pressure sensor
14液体回流 14 liquid reflux
15扰动波发生器 15 disturbance wave generator
16传热管道 16 heat transfer pipe
17水箱 17 water tank
18流量计 18 flow meter
19电控节流阀 19 electronically controlled throttle valve
20集水池 20 pools
21液体泵 21 liquid pump
22水流 22 water flow
23数据采集分析系统
控制计算机 23 data acquisition and analysis system Control computer
回水 Backwater
铂金电极对 Platinum electrode pair
压缩气泵 Compressed air pump
电控节气阀 Electronically controlled throttle
气体流量计 Barometer
温度传感器 Temperature Sensor
压力监控传感器 空气流。 Pressure monitoring sensor Air flow.
圆柱形腔体 Cylindrical cavity
液体入口Liquid inlet
, 36空气进入的周边的小孔 三层金属网 , 36 small holes around the air entering the three-layer metal mesh
两相流出口 Two-phase flow outlet
伺服电机拖动 Servo motor drag
往复式活塞机构
Reciprocating piston mechanism
Claims
1. 一种测量气 -液两相流的声速的装置， 其中， A device for measuring the speed of sound of a gas-liquid two-phase flow, wherein
两相流的液体由液体供给系统 （1 ) 提供， 气体由气体供给系统 （3) 提供； 液体、 气体进入气液混合器 （5) 形成均质气液两相流； The two-phase flow liquid is supplied by the liquid supply system (1), and the gas is supplied by the gas supply system (3); the liquid and the gas enter the gas-liquid mixer (5) to form a homogeneous gas-liquid two-phase flow;
两相流进入传热管道 （16 )， 由管道加热系统 （2) 对其进行加热， 在传热管 道之前或之后， 连接有扰动波发生器 （15); The two-phase flow enters the heat transfer pipe (16), which is heated by the pipe heating system (2), and a disturbance wave generator (15) is connected before or after the heat transfer pipe;
三个压力传感器（9, 10, 13)和电极对 （8)安装在测量管道（12) 的壁面上； 测量管道 （12) 下游连接一个气液分离系统 （11 )。 Three pressure sensors (9, 10, 13) and electrode pairs (8) are mounted on the wall of the measuring pipe (12); a measuring pipe (12) is connected downstream with a gas-liquid separation system (11).
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种测量气 -液两相流的声速的装置，其特征在于，所 述的一个气液混合器（5)的腔体是圆柱形， 里面沿轴线方向安装至少三层不 锈钢制成的金属网 （37); 在圆柱形顶面是液体入口 （34)， 对面是两相流出 口 （38)， 气体从圆柱体周边的小孔 （35, 36) 进入。 2. A device for measuring the speed of sound of a gas-liquid two-phase flow according to claim 1, wherein the chamber of the gas-liquid mixer (5) is cylindrical and mounted inside the axis. A metal mesh (37) made of at least three layers of stainless steel; a liquid inlet (34) on the cylindrical top surface and a two-phase flow outlet (38) on the opposite side, the gas entering from the small holes (35, 36) around the cylinder.
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种测量气 -液两相流的声速的装置， 其特征在于， 所 述的扰动波发生器是 （15) —个能产生频率可调的标准正弦波的、 由伺服电 机拖动的往复式活塞机构。 3. A device for measuring the speed of sound of a gas-liquid two-phase flow according to claim 1, wherein said disturbance wave generator is (15) a standard sine wave capable of generating an adjustable frequency. , a reciprocating piston mechanism that is dragged by a servo motor.
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种测量气 -液两相流的声速的装置，其特征在于，所 述的传热管道 （16) 由不锈钢材料制成， 是横截面积为圆型的细长管。 4. A device for measuring the speed of sound of a gas-liquid two-phase flow according to claim 1, wherein said heat transfer conduit (16) is made of a stainless steel material and has a circular cross-sectional area. Slender tube.
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种测量气 -液两相流的声速的装置，其特征在于，所 述的测量管道 （12) 由有机玻璃材料制成， 是横截面积为圆型的、 具有绝热 功能的细长管。 5. A device for measuring the speed of sound of a gas-liquid two-phase flow according to claim 1, wherein said measuring pipe (12) is made of a plexiglass material and has a circular cross-sectional area. Slim tube with thermal insulation function.
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的一种测量气 -液两相流的声速的装置，其特征在于，所 述的三个压力传感器（9, 10, 13)沿测量管道（12) 的轴线方向按照流体流动 的方向顺序被安装在测量管道 （12 ) 的壁面上， 彼此等距离， 中间的传感器 6. Apparatus for measuring the speed of sound of a gas-liquid two-phase flow according to claim 5, characterized in that said three pressure sensors (9, 10, 13) are along the axis of the measuring pipe (12) Installed on the wall of the measuring pipe (12) in the order of the direction of fluid flow, equidistant from each other, the middle sensor
( 13) 位于另外两个对面。 (13) Located on the other two opposites.
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的一种测量气 -液两相流的声速的装置，其特征在于，所 述电极对 （8)深入到测量管道（12) 中， 但不超过测量管道（12) 的中心轴 线。
7. A device for measuring the speed of sound of a gas-liquid two-phase flow according to claim 6, characterized in that the electrode pair (8) penetrates into the measuring pipe (12) but does not exceed the measuring pipe (12) The central axis of ).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2012/080390 WO2014029070A1 (en) | 2012-08-21 | 2012-08-21 | Apparatus for measuring sound velocity of gas-liquid two-phase flow |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2012/080390 WO2014029070A1 (en) | 2012-08-21 | 2012-08-21 | Apparatus for measuring sound velocity of gas-liquid two-phase flow |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2014029070A1 true WO2014029070A1 (en) | 2014-02-27 |
Family
ID=50149338
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2012/080390 WO2014029070A1 (en) | 2012-08-21 | 2012-08-21 | Apparatus for measuring sound velocity of gas-liquid two-phase flow |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2014029070A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105181996A (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2015-12-23 | 天津大学 | Two-phase flow velocity acoustoelectric bimodal measuring method |
| CN108562376A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-09-21 | 中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院 | A kind of biphase gas and liquid flow gas phase temperature measuring device based on centrifugal separation method |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5115670A (en) * | 1990-03-09 | 1992-05-26 | Chevron Research & Technology Company | Measurement of fluid properties of two-phase fluids using an ultrasonic meter |
| WO2004063741A2 (en) * | 2003-01-13 | 2004-07-29 | Cidra Corporation | Apparatus for measuring parameters of a flowing multiphase fluid mixture |
| CN1737579A (en) * | 2005-04-01 | 2006-02-22 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Multi-sensor real-time flow rate measuring instrument for two-phase flow and measuring method thereof |
| CN101000359A (en) * | 2006-01-09 | 2007-07-18 | 周丽琴 | Mean flow rate measuring instrument of gas-solid two-phase flow pipeline |
| CN101231300A (en) * | 2008-02-04 | 2008-07-30 | 浙江大学 | Apparatus and method for measuring microtubule gas-liquid diphasic flow rate |
| CN101477074A (en) * | 2008-11-06 | 2009-07-08 | 东北大学 | Two-phase flow parameter monitoring method and system |
| WO2009130620A1 (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2009-10-29 | Schlumberger Canada Limited | Apparatus and method for characterizing two phase fluid flow |
| CN102095749A (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2011-06-15 | 浙江大学 | Device and method for measuring parameters of gas-liquid two-phase flow in micro-pipes based on thermal measurement method |
| CN202255615U (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2012-05-30 | 天津空中代码工程应用软件开发有限公司 | Device for measuring sound speed of gas and liquid two-phase flow |
-
2012
- 2012-08-21 WO PCT/CN2012/080390 patent/WO2014029070A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5115670A (en) * | 1990-03-09 | 1992-05-26 | Chevron Research & Technology Company | Measurement of fluid properties of two-phase fluids using an ultrasonic meter |
| WO2004063741A2 (en) * | 2003-01-13 | 2004-07-29 | Cidra Corporation | Apparatus for measuring parameters of a flowing multiphase fluid mixture |
| CN1737579A (en) * | 2005-04-01 | 2006-02-22 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Multi-sensor real-time flow rate measuring instrument for two-phase flow and measuring method thereof |
| CN101000359A (en) * | 2006-01-09 | 2007-07-18 | 周丽琴 | Mean flow rate measuring instrument of gas-solid two-phase flow pipeline |
| CN101231300A (en) * | 2008-02-04 | 2008-07-30 | 浙江大学 | Apparatus and method for measuring microtubule gas-liquid diphasic flow rate |
| WO2009130620A1 (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2009-10-29 | Schlumberger Canada Limited | Apparatus and method for characterizing two phase fluid flow |
| CN101477074A (en) * | 2008-11-06 | 2009-07-08 | 东北大学 | Two-phase flow parameter monitoring method and system |
| CN102095749A (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2011-06-15 | 浙江大学 | Device and method for measuring parameters of gas-liquid two-phase flow in micro-pipes based on thermal measurement method |
| CN202255615U (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2012-05-30 | 天津空中代码工程应用软件开发有限公司 | Device for measuring sound speed of gas and liquid two-phase flow |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| LIU, DAYOU: "Two phase sound speed under the equilibrium condition of two phase speed.", ACTAMECHANICA SINICA., vol. 22, no. 6., 1 December 1990 (1990-12-01), pages 660 - 669 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105181996A (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2015-12-23 | 天津大学 | Two-phase flow velocity acoustoelectric bimodal measuring method |
| CN108562376A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-09-21 | 中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院 | A kind of biphase gas and liquid flow gas phase temperature measuring device based on centrifugal separation method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Krall et al. | Turbulent heat transfer in the separated, reattached, and redevelopment regions of a circular tube | |
| AU2009204007B2 (en) | Wet gas metering using a differential pressure and a sonar based flow meter | |
| WO2013102312A1 (en) | Steam flow metering device and metering method therefor | |
| JP6777712B2 (en) | Turning vane | |
| CN108931270B (en) | Two-phase flow parameter detection method based on porous throttling and acoustic emission technology | |
| CN109506729B (en) | Online detection method and device for gas-liquid two-phase flow parameters | |
| Zheng et al. | Error analysis of gas and liquid flow rates metering method based on differential pressure in wet gas | |
| WO2014029070A1 (en) | Apparatus for measuring sound velocity of gas-liquid two-phase flow | |
| Zhang et al. | Experimental study on the transverse mixing of 5× 5 helical cruciform fuel assembly by wire mesh sensor | |
| US9784606B2 (en) | Two-phase flow detector using heat transfer in cross flow | |
| CN103175658A (en) | Method and system for testing nuclear power station pipeline leakage rate | |
| CN202255615U (en) | Device for measuring sound speed of gas and liquid two-phase flow | |
| Bureau et al. | The pumping speed of a circular aperture in a diaphragm across a circular tube | |
| Wang et al. | Signal analysis of supersonic vapor condensation in nozzle sensor using distributed transient pressure probes | |
| CN113606504B (en) | Acoustic detection method for leakage rate of liquid supply pipeline | |
| Zhang et al. | Flow measurement based on the combination of swirler and differential pressure under slug flow | |
| US5404745A (en) | Method and apparatus for determining steam quality from steam velocity measurement | |
| Reshmin et al. | Turbulent flow in a circular separationless diffuser at Reynolds numbers smaller than 2000 | |
| Xiong et al. | Experimental and numerical simulation investigations on particle sampling for high-pressure natural gas | |
| Wrasse et al. | Two-phase flow rate measurement using a capacitive sensor and a Venturi meter | |
| Abed et al. | Experimental Analysis of Two-Phase Flow Through Cylinderical Obstruction in Vertical Pipe | |
| CN104280083A (en) | Hollow square-shaped ultrasonic flowmeter without straight pipe mounting requirement | |
| WO2014029069A1 (en) | Calibration apparatus of gas-liquid two-phase flow speed and gas content sensor | |
| Suesser | Performance of classical Venturi tubes for application in cryogenic facilities | |
| Bouvard et al. | Characterization of bubble cloud quality and evolution using optical probes |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 12883386 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 12883386 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |