WO2014008936A1 - Method for controlling a defective injector - Google Patents
Method for controlling a defective injector Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014008936A1 WO2014008936A1 PCT/EP2012/063650 EP2012063650W WO2014008936A1 WO 2014008936 A1 WO2014008936 A1 WO 2014008936A1 EP 2012063650 W EP2012063650 W EP 2012063650W WO 2014008936 A1 WO2014008936 A1 WO 2014008936A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- flow
- engine
- fuel
- control method
- fluid
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/3809—Common rail control systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
- F02D2041/224—Diagnosis of the fuel system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
- F02D2041/224—Diagnosis of the fuel system
- F02D2041/225—Leakage detection
Definitions
- the invention relates to a control method for a fluid ejection valve.
- Fluid ejection valves are commonly used in, for example combustion engines, wherein these valves are used for ejecting fuel, lubricant, water or other fluids which may be liquid or gaseous.
- the term ejection valve shall embrace all types of valves which are suitable to control ejection or spraying of a fluid out of the ejection valve.
- the ejected fluids may be gaseous or liquid and are in particular a fuel, a lubricant such as oil, aqueous emulsions or solutions, or water.
- injector In the particular case, where the ejector valve is used to eject fuel or other liquid or even gas into the cylinder of a combustion engine, the ejector is called injector.
- the ejection valves to which the control according to the present invention relates are valves which are connected to a line in which the fluid to be ejected is present in a pressurized state.
- Typical example for this are fuel injectors of an engine having a common rail system.
- the ejector valves can be ejector valves for spraying a lubricant onto sliding surfaces, or for spaying an additive, like a urea containing solution, or water into the cylinder and/or the piping (intake piping and/or exhaust piping) around the engine.
- flow fuses are built into the pipes or lines with which the respective ejection valves are connected to a source of pressurized fluid .
- the flow fuses are designed to be triggered when a fluid flow with a flow value exceeding a design flow value passes through the flow fuse, and to cut the fluid supply to the respective ejection valve or valves.
- the actual mass flow and/or the flow speed may form a criterion for triggering the flow fuse.
- an actual mass flow or flow speed can be the parameter defining the decisive flow value; other characteristics of a fluid flow e.g . pressure loss, temperature change or the like may be used as the parameter representing the flow value.
- the flow fuses are also known as flow limiting valves.
- flow fuses may, for example, be designed such that they have a fluid reservoir, so that they allow a peak ejection volume for a restricted time period, which is followed by a closing period of the ejection valve, so that the flow fuse is triggered if an average flow amount, or an absolute flow amount, which may be calculated for a period including peak ejection and closing period for reservoir refill, is exceeded.
- Such a flow fuse may react properly on a failure that an ejection valve stays fully open.
- flow fuses must be designed such that they always allow the maximum ejection flow/average flow amount that is to be ejected from the respective ejector valve at any allowable operating state of the machine in which the ejection valve is used. Therefore, the tolerance for triggering the fuse should be set on the save side with regard to allowing the ejection valve to eject the fluid .
- the control method for shutting down a fluid ejection valve having a leakage malfunction is used in an arrangement in which the valve is connected in series after a flow fuse adapted to fall into a shut-down-state when a fluid flow through said flow fuse exceeds a predetermined flow value.
- the method of the invention comprises a step of detecting the leakage malfunction of the valve and a step of controlling the valve for ejecting a fluid flow exceeding said predetermined flow value to thereby trigger the flow fuse to fall into the shut-down-state and to cut-off the valve from fluid supply.
- flow value is understood to express a value which relates to one or more parameters of a fluid flow.
- predetermined flow value a threshold value
- the predetermined flow value can be set as a value representing a flow speed, a volume flow rate, a mass flow rate, a total fluid volume within a predetermined period, a total fluid mass within a predetermined period, or a cumulated fluid amount measured by volume or mass, or it may relate to combinations of these parameters.
- the method of the invention uses a detection step of detecting a leakage malfunction which is separate from the detection of a triggering flow value by the flow fuse.
- the leakage malfunction of the injector can be detected on the basis of an abnormality of at least one operating state parameter of the engine.
- the operating state parameter is at least one of an exhaust gas temperature, a cylinder pressure, a fuel consumption, a crankshaft speed, and a crankshaft torque. Also, combinations of these parameters may be monitored and evaluated for detecting the leakage malfunction.
- an injected fuel amount is set such that it is higher than the fuel amount which would be injected into the cylinders, when the engine is running at maximum load. In this way, the design triggering value of the flow fuse is exceeded and the fuse is triggered .
- the injected fuel amount is at least 101%, preferably at least 120%, and most preferably in the range including 130% and 170% of the full load fuel injection amount.
- the injected fuel amount is set such that a related flow value (based on one or more parameters of the flow) is larger than the predetermined flow value.
- control method according to the invention may also be applied to various types of machines other than combustion engines or it may be applied to various types of fluid ejecting devices other than fuel injection, in combustion engines and other types of machines.
- the fluid ejection valve is an ejector for ejecting a lubricant toward contact surfaces in an internal combustion engine, in particular toward the piston/cylinder contact surfaces (cylinder lining), and the leakage malfunction is detected on the basis of an abnormality of at least one operating state parameter of the engine.
- the operating state parameter is at least one of a lubricant supply pressure, a lubricant consumption, an exhaust gas temperature and a cylinder pressure.
- the fluid ejection valve may be an ejector for ejecting water, or other aqueous solution like urea containing solutions into the cylinders, the inlet piping or the exhaust piping, wherein the leakage malfunction may be detected on the basis of an operating state parameter of the related system or of the engine (e.g. exhaust gas composition, temperature etc).
- the fluid ejection valve is a valve injecting water into a cylinder of the engine.
- Such water injectors have a risk of lime-scale formation, so that a switch-off may be required if the water injector stays open.
- the detection of a leakage malfunction of a fluid ejection valve includes a differentiation of the operation parameter having an abnormality according to the fluid ejection valve type.
- the operation parameters used for the differentiation include fuel consumption and lubricant pressure.
- the plurality of fluid ejection valves is simultaneously operated for ejecting a fluid flow exceeding the predetermined flow value of the flow fuse to thereby trigger the flow fuse to fall into the shut-down-state and to cut off the plurality of fluid ejection valves from fluid supply.
- the engine is a direct injection engine and the fuel supply system of the engine comprises a common rail in which fuel is stored in pressurized state, and the flow fuse is arranged in a fuel pipe between the common rail and the fuel injector or fuel injectors.
- That engine may comprise a plurality of cylinders and a flow fuse is provided in each fuel supply pipe for the injector or the injectors of each cylinder.
- the control method further comprises a step of displaying an optical alarm and/or an acoustic alarm in case of detection of a malfunction, and/or a step of triggering the flow fuse to fall into the shut-down-state, if malfunction is detected.
- the control method is executed without stopping the engine.
- control method may be applied to hydraulic systems in which hydraulic oil is used in piston/cylinder arrangements, for example in pressure amplifiers which are used to amplify fuel injection pressure for injection from a fuel injector.
- flow fuses may be used before the pressure amplifiers and a flow of hydraulic oil which triggers the flow fuse of the hydraulic circuit is caused by controlling the fuel injector to inject a fuel flow exceeding a predetermined flow value.
- an application of the invention in a ship engine allows continued operation of the engine, despite an injector or ejector having a problem.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic of a fuel injection system for a 6-cylinder engine with a common rail and flow fuses associated with each individual injector.
- Fig. 1 shows an arrangement of a fuel supply system of a two-stroke engine 10 having a common rail 1 in which fuel is stored under elevated pressure. Only the connection of the common rail 1 to injectors 31, 32 of one cylinder 5 of the engine 10 is shown in detail in Fig . 1, the further connections to the other cylinders are indicated by #2, #3, #4, #5, and #6, and shall have the same structure.
- the fuel is fed to the common rail 1 by means of fuel pump 7, which may be driven by the engine 10.
- the fuel is stored in tank T.
- a check valve 71 avoids back flow of fuel from the common rail 1 to the pump 7.
- a pressure control device including a pressure relief valve 8 is designed to co-operate with an engine control unit ECU 100 to maintain the fuel pressure in the common rail 1 on the desired level.
- ECU 100 controls the pump 7 and/or the pressure control valve 8 in order to supply enough fuel under high pressure, but to avoid surplus pressurizing of the fuel to save energy.
- mechanical pressure relief valve(s) may be used instead of an active pressure control valve 8 for pressure control.
- the control of the pump 7 and pressure control valve 8 are connected to the ECU 100 via wiring 103 for transmission of signals and/or electric drive power.
- Fuel injectors 31 and 32 are connected to the common rail 1 by way of pipes 21, 22, respectively.
- a flow fuse 41 which, after being triggered, interrupts fuel supply via pipe 21 to fuel injector 31.
- the fuel supply stays interrupted until the flow fuse is manually reset e.g. after the injector problem has been solved.
- a flow fuse 42 which, after being triggered, interrupts fuel supply via pipe 22 to fuel injector 32.
- the fuel supply stays interrupted until the flow fuse is manually reset e.g. after the injector problem has been solved.
- Fig. 1 further shows a cylinder 5 and a piston 6 of the engine 10 in a schematic drawing style.
- control lines 101, 102 connecting the injectors 31 and 32, respectively to the ECU 100 are shown.
- the injectors are controlled by the ECU 100 to open or close, so as to inject fuel into the cylinder 5 in a desired amount and at a desired timing .
- the ECU 100 and the injectors 31, 32 are tuned such that the ECU 100 can send an opening signal to the respective injector 31, 32 and the respective injector 31, 32 stays open as long as the opening signal is received .
- the injectors are self-closing so that, when the opening signal is off, the respective injector 31, 32 closes and interrupts the injection of fuel into the cylinder 5.
- the flow fuses 41, 42 are designed to be triggered, when a flow value of the flow of fuel through the flow fuse exceeds a predetermined flow value.
- the predetermined flow value may be a value associated to a parameter of the fluid flow.
- the flow value may be a pressure loss over the flow fuse, a dynamic pressure of the flow acting on a triggering surface of the flow fuse, or even a difference of static and/or dynamic pressures in the flow path through the flow fuse.
- other parameters of the fluid flow may be selected for setting the flow value and the related threshold value.
- the malfunctioning injector 31, 32 will permanently inject a small amount of fuel into the cylinder 5 when it is supposed to close, while driving the injector 31, 32 to inject fuel may work normal, i.e. the injector 31, 32 injects the desired fuel amount when it is controlled to be open.
- the predetermined flow value for triggering the flow fuse is based on an average fluid amount per unit of time, there may be the case that the flow through the malfunctioning injector is too small to trigger the flow fuse.
- the ECU 100 is connected to various sensors (not shown) which are capable of measuring/detecting operating parameters of the engine 10 and its peripheral devices (sub-systems).
- the surplus amount of fuel which is permanently injected into the cylinder 5 from the malfunctioning injector causes changes in the monitored operating parameter(s) and from the changes it can be concluded that there is a malfunction in one injector 31, 32.
- Parameters to monitor can include an exhaust gas temperature, a cylinder pressure, a fuel consumption, a crankshaft speed, and a crankshaft torque.
- Power consumption or discharge flow (switch-on/switch-off periods) of the fuel pump 8 may also be used as an indicator for a leakage malfunction in combination with other parameters.
- the ECU 100 sets an alarm signal which gives acoustic and/or visible alarm. Additionally the alarm may be sent out via telecommunication to a responsible person informing about the malfunction. Then, a decision is made to switch-off at least one of the injectors 31, 32. That decision may be found by a person or automatically by executing programs in the ECU . If the malfunctioning injector of the two injectors 31, 32 is switched-off, the cylinder may still be operated at low performance with a single injector which operates normally. Further, if both injectors 31, 32 are switched off, the individual cylinder 5 of the engine 10 is switched-off, but the engine 10 is kept running by operating the remaining cylinders (not shown).
- the ECU 100 When the injector 31, 32 to be switched off is identified, and the signal for switching-off the injector is generated (either manually by personnel, or automatically by engine control unit ECU) the ECU 100 outputs a opening control signal to the injector 31, 32 which signal is -preferably significantly- longer than the opening control signal which the ECU 100 outputs when the engine 10 is operating normally and at maximum load . Due to this long opening signal from the ECU 100, the injector 31, 32 releases so much fuel into the cylinder 5, that the flow value of that fuel flow exceeds the predetermined flow value of the flow fuse. Thus, the flow fuse 41, 42 is triggered and interrupts the fuel supply to the related injector 31, 32.
- the flow fuse may be designed such that it requires a manual reset after the problem of the injector has been solved .
- the flow fuse may be also designed such that it automatically resets when the pressure in the fuel pipes is relieved after engine stop and the required maintenance.
- Fig . 1 an engine layout has been described which provides each injector with its own flow fuse. It is possible that two or more injectors of one cylinder are connected to a common flow fuse. For triggering such a flow fuse, the flow value shall be set larger than the flow value of a total fuel flow of all the injectors of the one cylinder at maximum load operation of the engine.
- the switch-off procedure may be set such that only one injector in a stroke of the piston is controlled to inject the excess fuel amount. In this way, overload of the cylinder due to combustion of an extremely rich mixture in the cylinder is avoided .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201280074607.3A CN104471226A (en) | 2012-07-12 | 2012-07-12 | Method for controlling a defective injector |
EP12737764.6A EP2882953A1 (en) | 2012-07-12 | 2012-07-12 | Method for controlling a defective injector |
JP2015520826A JP2015522125A (en) | 2012-07-12 | 2012-07-12 | How to control a defect injector |
PCT/EP2012/063650 WO2014008936A1 (en) | 2012-07-12 | 2012-07-12 | Method for controlling a defective injector |
KR20157000585A KR20150036030A (en) | 2012-07-12 | 2012-07-12 | Method for controlling a defective injector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2012/063650 WO2014008936A1 (en) | 2012-07-12 | 2012-07-12 | Method for controlling a defective injector |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2014008936A1 true WO2014008936A1 (en) | 2014-01-16 |
Family
ID=46548425
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2012/063650 WO2014008936A1 (en) | 2012-07-12 | 2012-07-12 | Method for controlling a defective injector |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2882953A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2015522125A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20150036030A (en) |
CN (1) | CN104471226A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014008936A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19632339A1 (en) * | 1996-08-10 | 1998-02-12 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Method and device for monitoring a flow limiter of a fuel metering system of an internal combustion engine |
FR2762358A1 (en) * | 1997-04-16 | 1998-10-23 | Peugeot | Control of operation of diesel engine fitted to motor vehicle |
EP0886056A1 (en) * | 1997-06-20 | 1998-12-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and apparatus for monitoring a fuel supply system |
US20060102152A1 (en) * | 2004-11-12 | 2006-05-18 | Shinogle Ronald D | Electronic flow control valve |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0764777B1 (en) * | 1995-09-23 | 2003-03-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and apparatus for controlling an internal combustion engine |
DE19860468A1 (en) * | 1998-12-28 | 2000-07-06 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injection system |
-
2012
- 2012-07-12 EP EP12737764.6A patent/EP2882953A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-07-12 WO PCT/EP2012/063650 patent/WO2014008936A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-07-12 KR KR20157000585A patent/KR20150036030A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-07-12 CN CN201280074607.3A patent/CN104471226A/en active Pending
- 2012-07-12 JP JP2015520826A patent/JP2015522125A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19632339A1 (en) * | 1996-08-10 | 1998-02-12 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Method and device for monitoring a flow limiter of a fuel metering system of an internal combustion engine |
FR2762358A1 (en) * | 1997-04-16 | 1998-10-23 | Peugeot | Control of operation of diesel engine fitted to motor vehicle |
EP0886056A1 (en) * | 1997-06-20 | 1998-12-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and apparatus for monitoring a fuel supply system |
US20060102152A1 (en) * | 2004-11-12 | 2006-05-18 | Shinogle Ronald D | Electronic flow control valve |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2015522125A (en) | 2015-08-03 |
CN104471226A (en) | 2015-03-25 |
KR20150036030A (en) | 2015-04-07 |
EP2882953A1 (en) | 2015-06-17 |
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