WO2014008807A1

WO2014008807A1 - Ecological building and working method thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2014008807A1
Application number: PCT/CN2013/077809
Authority: WO
Inventors: 莫剑峰
Original assignee: Mo Jianfeng
Priority date: 2012-07-11
Filing date: 2013-06-24
Publication date: 2014-01-16
Also published as: CN104652598A; CN104695545B; CN104652598B; CN102720267A; CN104652597A; CN104695547A; CN104695546B; CN104695546A; CN102720267B; CN104652597B; CN104695547B; CN104695545A

Abstract

An ecological building, comprising a chamber at the top or on the side of the building or on the ground; the chamber is separated into an upper planting chamber (4) and a lower storage chamber (6) by water seepage material (8); the water seepage material (8) is laid in the storage chamber (6) and can seep water into the soil in the planting chamber (4); the storage chamber (6) is connected to the end section of a rainwater and/or residual water collection device (14) and/or a domestic waste water drain pipe (16); the storage chamber (6) is provided with a positioning drain pipe (19) therein for draining water downward; the inlet thereof is lower than the height of the water seepage material so as to prevent the roots of plants from rotting, while retaining the water level of the energy storage chamber (6) so as to prevent the plants from drying out and dying. The ecological building is simple to construct, and has low maintenance cost and high tree survival rate.

Description

Ecological building and its working methods

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological building, in particular to an ecological planting tree in a building (such as a high-rise residential building, a commercial office building, an elevated or an overpass) and an arid area, and having the advantages of simple maintenance, low cost and high survival rate of trees. Building and its working methods.

In modern cities where urban greening area is gradually shrinking, how to plant trees on buildings (such as high-rise residential buildings or commercial office buildings) to save land resources, expand green areas, purify air quality, beautify urban landscapes, reduce carbon emissions, and reduce thermal effects. It is the trend of urban development to reduce urban noise and create a livable environment.

In existing buildings, flower pots, large tanks or directly on the floor structure layer are used for greening of the roof, but they are mainly shrubs. The planting area is small, maintenance is difficult, and the amount of irrigation is difficult to accurately grasp. Such problems lead to low survival rate of trees, high maintenance costs, failure to achieve ideal ecological buildings, and difficulty in effective and large-scale planting and promotion in large quantities.

How to provide an ecological building with simple maintenance, low maintenance cost and high tree survival rate is a technical problem in the field.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an ecological building and a working method thereof which are simple in structure, convenient in construction, low in maintenance cost, high in tree survival rate, and easy to be widely promoted and applied.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an ecological building comprising an ecological building cavity disposed on the top of the building, or on the side of the building, or on the ground, the cavity comprising: planting by partitioning the upper and lower sides by water seepage material Cavity (soil layer) and energy storage chamber (energy reserve);

The water seepage material may be a seepage porous brick or any water seepage material which is freely circulated by the water source, and has sufficient strength to support the pressure of the upper planting cavity; the energy storage cavity is provided with water for seeping the soil in the planting cavity a water permeable material; the energy storage chamber is connected to an end of a rainwater and/or residual water collecting device and/or a domestic wastewater drain pipe; the energy storage chamber is provided with a positioning drain pipe for draining downward, the positioning The inlet is lower than the water level in the energy storage chamber, that is, the height of the water seepage material, so as to avoid the soil being too wet due to the direct immersion of the planting cavity in the water, thereby avoiding the root rotting of the plant. On the other hand, the positioning drain is adapted to allow a certain level of water to be present in the accumulator chamber, thereby avoiding the death of the plant due to dehydration of the accumulator chamber.

As an optimized solution, the energy storage chamber comprises a trench, and the water source of the rainwater and/or the residual water collecting device and/or the water outlet of the domestic wastewater drain pipe are adapted to directly enter the trench and circulate into the energy storage chamber. The inlet of the positioning drain is disposed in the trench (water that passes beyond the inlet of the positioning drain is directly discharged through the inlet).

As an embodiment, the building is a multi-storey building or a single-story building, the cavity has a plurality of, and is distributed up and down, and the positioning drain pipe of the upper cavity is connected to the trench in the adjacent lower cavity. .

As an optimized embodiment, the outlet port in the upper chamber is connected to the lower domestic wastewater pipe and the gutter in the cavity.

As an optimized solution, the water permeable material may be a water permeable porous brick or any water permeable material that is freely circulated by the water source; the sulcus is disposed at one side or the middle of the planting cavity, and the sulcus is one or more, 窨The ditch and the planting cavity are separated by a perforated porous brick.

As a further optimization solution, the trench is connected to a fully automatic water replenishing circulation system to supplement the water source when the water level is insufficient in the dry season.

The cavity is composed of a balcony structure layer and a parapet wall integrated with the wall.

As an optimized solution, the balcony structural layer (including the planting cavity) is lower than the height of the floor of the same floor.

The working methods of the above ecological buildings include:

Step 1: discharging water in the rainwater and/or residual water collecting device and/or water in the domestic wastewater drain pipe into the energy storage chamber;

Step 2: The water in the energy storage chamber sequentially infiltrates and transports water to the soil in the planting cavity through the water seepage material and the soil intercepting net;

Step 3: The positioning drain pipe in the energy storage chamber discharges water higher than the inlet of the limit tube.

As an optimized solution, the building is a multi-story building; the cavity has multiple and is distributed up and down according to the layer; the water discharged in the step 3 will be sent to the lower cavity through the rainwater and/or the residual water collecting device drain pipe. The energy storage cavity in the body; the bottommost energy storage cavity passes through the water discharged from the positioning drain pipe to enter the underground water storage pool for recycling.

(1) The ecological building of the present invention uses water seepage material having water seepage function to automatically transport (infiltrate) the water in the energy storage chamber to the soil of the planting cavity through the water seepage material, and provide the required water of the soil at any time and ensure a certain degree of water. The humidity prevents the roots or dead of the plants, which greatly facilitates the management; therefore, the invention has the characteristics of simple structure, simple maintenance, low maintenance cost and high survival rate of trees.

(2) As long as water is present in the energy storage chamber of the ecological building of the present invention, water in the planting chamber can be continuously hydrated to maintain the soil in a suitable humidity until the water in the energy storage chamber is absorbed by the plant 100%. Or evaporate. According to the requirements of soil moisture of the selected tree species, the height of the water seepage material and the height of the storage tank can be adjusted accordingly to ensure a proper water level. When the amount of water in the accumulator chamber is higher than the height of the accumulator chamber and the maximum capacity set by the accumulator chamber, the excess portion will automatically flow from the accumulating chamber to the drain port to the next accumulator. In the cavity, this cycle, so as to avoid the roots of plants, and save water, recycling. Therefore, the ecological building of the invention has the characteristics of being maintenance-free for a long time, adjusting the water required for plant growth, and saving water source.

(3) The energy storage chamber positioning drain pipe is adapted to make the water level in the energy storage chamber not higher than the water seepage material, so as to avoid the soil being too wet due to the direct immersion in the planting cavity in the water, thereby avoiding the rotten root of the plant. At the same time, the accumulator chamber positioning drain is adapted to have a certain water level in the accumulator chamber, and the plant can be prevented from being killed due to water loss in the accumulator chamber.

1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of an ecological building in an embodiment;

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS 1 - connection bolt, 2 - safety guardrail, 3 - anti-sagging device, 4--planting chamber, 5 - soil trapping net, 6 - energy storage chamber, 7 - daughter wall, 8 - Water seepage material, 9 - waterproof layer, 10 - balcony structure layer, 11 - pool, 12 - brick, 13 - movable cover, 14 - rain and / or residual water collection device, 15 - wall, 16--Living wastewater drain pipe, 17-toilet floor structure layer, 18--toilet waterproof layer, 19--positioning drain pipe, 21--窨沟, 22—House floor.

Example 1

Referring to Fig. 1, the ecological building of the present embodiment is a multi-storey building or a high-rise building or the like, which comprises a cavity disposed on one side of the wall, the cavity has a plurality of holes, and is distributed up and down by layers, and the layers are connected.

The cavity comprises: a planting chamber 4 and an energy storage chamber 6 separated by a water permeable material.

The water permeable material 8, such as water-permeable porous brick or all water-permeable material that can be freely circulated by the water source, has sufficient strength to support the pressure of the upper planting cavity, and realizes water-soil separation through the water-permeable material.

The energy storage chamber 6 is provided with the water permeable material 8 for seeping water into the soil in the planting chamber; the energy storage chamber 6 and a rainwater and/or residual water collecting device and/or a domestic wastewater drain pipe Connected to the end; the accumulator chamber 6 is provided with a positioning drain 19 for draining downward, the height of the inlet of the positioning drain discharge tube 19 is adapted to make the water level in the accumulator chamber not higher than The height of the water-permeable material 8 is to avoid the soil being too wet due to the direct immersion in the planting cavity, thereby avoiding the root of the plant. At the same time, the energy storage chamber 6 is positioned to drain the water tube to ensure a certain water level in the energy storage chamber, so as to avoid the plant from dying due to water loss in the energy storage chamber.

As an alternative optimisation, the energy storage chamber comprises a sulcus 21, and the water of the rainwater and/or the residual water collecting device and/or the effluent of the domestic wastewater drain is adapted to directly enter the sulcus 21; The energy storage chamber positioning drain pipe is disposed in the trench.

The outlet port in the upper chamber is connected to the sulcus 21 in the lower chamber.

The water seepage material is a water seepage porous brick or any water seepage material which is freely circulated by the water source, and has a certain strength to support the pressure of the soil in the upper planting cavity; the trench 21 is disposed at one side or the middle of the planting cavity 4 There may be a plurality of, and the sulcus 21 and the planting chamber 4 are separated by a water-blocking porous brick.

As an optimized solution, the cavity of the ecological building is formed by integrating the wall with the main structure. The balcony structural layer (including the planting cavity) should be lower than the height of the floor of the same floor.

The planting chamber 4 is suitable for planting trees, and a connecting bolt is installed between the safety guardrail and the tree main pole to fix the trees, preventing the wind blowing the trees in the windy weather, causing the roots and the soil to be loose, affecting the survival of the trees and falling to bring the pedestrians Hazard, ensuring the survival rate and safety of trees planted at high altitudes.

At the same time, a safety guardrail is placed on the periphery of the balcony, that is, a safety guardrail is cast in the middle of the parapet wall (the height of which implements relevant national standards) to ensure the safety of the tree maintenance work in the later period.

In order to ensure the beauty of the external wall and solve the current sewage sag phenomenon on the outer wall of the building, an anti-sagging device is arranged at the top of the parapet wall to reverse the sewage into the planting cavity 4, thereby avoiding the direct flow of sewage to the wall of the external wall. The surface of the anti-sagging device has a triangular shape, and the slope of the anti-sagging device is disposed inward.

The soil selection in the planting chamber 4 is easy to grow the corresponding soil and soil mixture.

The earth-moving net 5 is laid on the water-permeable material, acts as a soil intercepting, and blocks the upper layer of soil from leaking into the lower water source through the water-permeable material, ensuring that the water source of the energy-storing chamber is unobstructed, and at the same time ensuring that the soil can smoothly pass through the earth-moving net. Water source.

As an optimized solution, the trench 21 is connected to a fully automatic water replenishing circulation system to supplement the water source when the water level is insufficient in the dry season. The trench 21 also has the functions of water storage, drainage, observation of water level, adjustment of the height of the drainage pipe, wiring, and piping. The fully automatic hydration circulation system includes an underground water storage pool for collecting rainwater and/or residual water and domestic wastewater.

The water-permeable material (or any water-permeable material that can be freely circulated by the water source) has strong permeability, and the water flow can be smoothly and rapidly flowed to the surroundings, and the water-permeable material with a hole shape is selected, and has sufficient strength to support The pressure of the planting chamber above uses the water-permeable material to separate the soil from the water source below, ensuring that the roots are not directly immersed in the water to prevent the roots of the plant roots; in addition, the plant roots are prevented from growing and the waterproof layer and the cavity structure layer are destroyed.

In order to prevent the water source from infiltrating into the balcony structural layer 10, and at the same time conserving the water source, and preventing the plant roots from damaging the balcony structural layer 10, it is necessary to waterproof the bottom surface of the cavity before and after the construction.

In addition, different shapes of the pool 11 can be designed on the surface of the planting chamber 4 according to personal preference, for raising fish and planting aquatic plants such as lotus flowers.

As an optimized solution, the sulcus 21 is provided with a movable cover 13 to observe the height of the water level; secondly, it is convenient to repair the line and tube arranged in the multi-purpose sulcus; again, in order to prevent the upper debris from falling into Multi-functional sump, easy to clean the garbage and debris brought in by the pipeline.

The water level in the energy storage chamber 6 generally does not exceed 8 cm, and the corresponding height can also be adjusted according to actual conditions.

The water in the domestic wastewater drain pipe 16 comes from: kitchen water, bathroom basin water, shower water, washing water, and the like, all domestic water except for the waste water, and the drain pipe is discharged into the energy storage chamber.

Example 2

The building may also be a single-story building, the water in the rainwater and/or residual water collection device and/or the water in the domestic wastewater drain 16 being discharged into the energy storage chamber 6; the positioning drain 19 will be higher than the inlet water Directly discharged into the underground water storage pool.

Example 3

The building may also be an elevated road or an overpass. When in use, rainwater on the elevated road or overpass is discharged into the energy storage chamber through the drain pipe; the positioning drain pipe will be higher than the water seepage material (or set water level) Discharge into the next energy storage chamber.

Example 4

The ecological building can also be placed on all the planes such as the roof or the ground, and all the water sources are discharged into the energy storage chamber, and the excess water source will be automatically discharged when the highest water level is set above the energy storage chamber.

Example 5

The method for using the ecological building described in Embodiment 1 above includes:

Step 1: discharge the water of the rainwater and / or residual water collection device 14 and / or the water in the domestic wastewater drain pipe 16 into the energy storage cavity 6;

Step 2: The water in the energy storage chamber 6 sequentially transports water (infiltration) to the soil in the planting chamber 4 through the water seepage material 8 and the soil blocking net 5;

Step 3: The positioning drain 19 in the accumulator chamber 6 discharges water higher than the water seepage material 8 (or the set water level).

If the building is a multi-storey building, the plurality of cavities are arranged one above the other, and the layers are connected, the water discharged in the step 3 is sent to the energy storage cavity 6 in the lower cavity; The water discharged from the energy chamber 6 through the positioning drain 19 enters the underground water storage pool.

It is apparent that the above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the invention. Other variations or modifications of the various forms may be made by those skilled in the art in light of the above description. There is no need and no way to exhaust all of the implementations. Obvious changes or variations that come within the spirit of the invention are still within the scope of the invention.

Claims

An ecological building characterized by comprising: an ecological building cavity disposed on the top of the building, or on the side of the building, or on the ground, the cavity comprising: a planting cavity (4) and an energy storage cavity separated by a water-permeable material (6);

a water permeable material (8) for depositing water into the soil in the planting chamber (4) is disposed in the energy storage chamber (6);

The energy storage chamber (6) is connected to an end of a rainwater and/or residual water collecting device (14) and/or a domestic wastewater drain pipe (16);

The energy storage chamber (6) is provided with a positioning drain for draining downward, and the inlet of the positioning drain (19) is lower than the water seepage material (8).
The ecological building according to claim 1, characterized in that the energy storage chamber (6) comprises a sulcus (21), water and/or domestic wastewater of the rainwater and/or residual water collecting device (14) The effluent of the drain pipe (16) is adapted to directly enter the sulcus (21);

An inlet of the positioning drain (19) is provided in the sulcus (21).
The ecological building according to claim 1, wherein the building is a multi-storey building or a single-story building, the cavity has a plurality of, and is distributed up and down, the positioning drain pipe (19) of the upper cavity and The sulcus (21) in the adjacent lower cavity is connected.
The ecological building according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the water permeable material (8) is a water permeable porous brick;

The gutter (21) is disposed at one side or in the middle of the planting cavity (4), and the gutter is one or more, and the gutter (21) is separated from the planting cavity (4) by a porous perforated porous brick. .
The ecological building according to claim 1, wherein the cavity is composed of a balcony structure layer integral with the wall and a parapet; the balcony structure layer is lower than the height of the floor of the same floor.
The ecological building according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the gutter (21) is connected to a fully automatic water replenishing and drainage circulation system.
The working method of the ecological building according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises:

Step 1: discharging the water in the rainwater and/or residual water collecting device (14) and/or the water in the domestic wastewater drain pipe (16) into the energy storage chamber (6);

Step 2: The water in the energy storage chamber sequentially infiltrates and transports water to the soil in the planting cavity through the water seepage material and the soil intercepting net;

Step 3: The positioning drain (19) in the accumulator chamber (6) discharges water above the inlet of the limit tube.
The working method of the ecological building according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the building is a multi-storey building; the cavity has a plurality of holes, and is distributed up and down according to layers;

The water discharged from the step 3 is sent to the energy storage chamber in the lower chamber; the water discharged from the bottom storage chamber through the positioning drain (19) enters the underground water storage pool.