WO2014005545A1 - 数字电视网络结构及用户终端 - Google Patents

数字电视网络结构及用户终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014005545A1
WO2014005545A1 PCT/CN2013/078859 CN2013078859W WO2014005545A1 WO 2014005545 A1 WO2014005545 A1 WO 2014005545A1 CN 2013078859 W CN2013078859 W CN 2013078859W WO 2014005545 A1 WO2014005545 A1 WO 2014005545A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
content
user terminal
information
network
digital television
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/078859
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张文军
何大治
徐胤
管云峰
王延峰
王尧
孙军
戴杨
梁伟强
黄戈
Original Assignee
上海数字电视国家工程研究中心有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN2012102339711A external-priority patent/CN103427924A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201210233932.1A external-priority patent/CN103428543B/zh
Priority claimed from CN2012102339745A external-priority patent/CN103428580A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201210233919.6A external-priority patent/CN103428542B/zh
Application filed by 上海数字电视国家工程研究中心有限公司 filed Critical 上海数字电视国家工程研究中心有限公司
Priority to EP13813980.3A priority Critical patent/EP2871840A4/en
Priority to US14/413,228 priority patent/US9800902B2/en
Publication of WO2014005545A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014005545A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02—Details
    • H04L12/16—Arrangements for providing special services to substations
    • H04L12/18—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
    • H04L12/1836—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast with heterogeneous network architecture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/21—Server components or server architectures
    • H04N21/222—Secondary servers, e.g. proxy server, cable television Head-end
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/231—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion
    • H04N21/23109—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion by placing content in organized collections, e.g. EPG data repository
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/236—Assembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. transport stream, by combining a video stream with other content or additional data, e.g. inserting a URL [Uniform Resource Locator] into a video stream, multiplexing software data into a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Insertion of stuffing bits into the multiplex stream, e.g. to obtain a constant bit-rate; Assembling of a packetised elementary stream
    • H04N21/23614—Multiplexing of additional data and video streams
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
    • H04N21/258—Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics, processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
    • H04N21/25866—Management of end-user data
    • H04N21/25891—Management of end-user data being end-user preferences
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/434—Disassembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. demultiplexing audio and video streams, extraction of additional data from a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Extraction or processing of SI; Disassembling of packetised elementary stream
    • H04N21/4348—Demultiplexing of additional data and video streams
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/45—Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies, resolving scheduling conflicts
    • H04N21/462—Content or additional data management, e.g. creating a master electronic program guide from data received from the Internet and a Head-end, controlling the complexity of a video stream by scaling the resolution or bit-rate based on the client capabilities
    • H04N21/4622—Retrieving content or additional data from different sources, e.g. from a broadcast channel and the Internet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/47—End-user applications
    • H04N21/482—End-user interface for program selection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
    • H04N21/6106—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network
    • H04N21/6112—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network involving terrestrial transmission, e.g. DVB-T
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
    • H04N21/6106—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network
    • H04N21/6118—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network involving cable transmission, e.g. using a cable modem
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
    • H04N21/6106—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network
    • H04N21/6125—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network involving transmission via Internet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/637—Control signals issued by the client directed to the server or network components
    • H04N21/6375—Control signals issued by the client directed to the server or network components for requesting retransmission, e.g. of data packets lost or corrupted during transmission from server
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
    • H04N21/64784—Data processing by the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/65—Transmission of management data between client and server
    • H04N21/658—Transmission by the client directed to the server
    • H04N21/6581—Reference data, e.g. a movie identifier for ordering a movie or a product identifier in a home shopping application
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/47—End-user applications
    • H04N21/472—End-user interface for requesting content, additional data or services; End-user interface for interacting with content, e.g. for content reservation or setting reminders, for requesting event notification, for manipulating displayed content
    • H04N21/47202—End-user interface for requesting content, additional data or services; End-user interface for interacting with content, e.g. for content reservation or setting reminders, for requesting event notification, for manipulating displayed content for requesting content on demand, e.g. video on demand

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system architecture in the field of broadcast communications and a receiving terminal for use in such a system, and more particularly to a digital television network structure and user terminal. Background technique
  • the traditional terrestrial digital television transmission system widely uses a single-frequency network structure, that is, TV towers at different locations transmit the same signal at the same frequency at the same time.
  • the disadvantage is that the number of towers and the transmission power are subject to certain constraints. For urban terrain, there are many shaded areas for indoor reception, and for rural terrain, the coverage will be limited.
  • the traditional digital TV transmission system is a one-way broadcast. This mode transmits a fixed number of video programs under a limited bandwidth, regardless of the user's specific business needs, such as video on demand, information customization, games and other two-way services. . Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a digital television network structure and a user terminal, which solve the problems of a single broadcast means, the inability to integrate and share with other networks, and the unreasonable distribution of broadcast and network resources.
  • a user terminal embodying the present invention is characterized in that the user terminal comprises a first receiving module and a second receiving module, wherein the first receiving module is used for connecting with a broadband communication network, and the second receiving module is used for The user terminal can receive the information index transmitted by the digital television broadcasting system through the second receiving module, and obtain the corresponding information content from the broadband communication network through the first receiving module according to the information index.
  • the user terminal receives the content transmitted by the digital television broadcasting system through the second receiving module and selectively stores and recommends according to the user behavior habit.
  • the user terminal can directly retrieve from the broadband communication network through the first receiving module. Get the information content.
  • the broadband communication network is provided with an edge server that is closest to the user terminal, and the user terminal is connected to the broadband communication network through the edge server.
  • the digital television broadcasting system coordinated with the broadband communication network is connected with a content clustering processing server, and the content clustering server selects and indexes the high-heat content from a plurality of data sources through the digital television broadcasting system.
  • the second receiving module sends the index of the high-heat content to the user terminal, and the user terminal obtains the corresponding high-heat content from the edge server according to the index of the high-heat content and through the first receiving module.
  • the user terminal and the digital television broadcasting system are connected by wireless digital broadcasting.
  • the user terminal selectively downloads some high-heat content from the edge server to the user terminal according to the user behavior habit, and makes recommendations to the user.
  • a digital television broadcasting system in cooperation with a broadband communication network for implementing the present invention is provided for providing information to a user terminal, wherein: the broadband communication network includes an edge server closest to the user terminal, the user terminal and the edge server. There is a two-way information channel between them, and a digital information channel is provided between the digital television broadcasting system and the edge server and the user terminal.
  • the digital television broadcasting system coordinated with the broadband communication network is connected to a content clustering server, and the content clustering server analyzes and predicts the relevance of the content, the content and the user according to the source of the multimedia content from the plurality of data sources. And the user's feedback information such as the click response of the content to perform cluster analysis of the content, and the multimedia content is divided into high-heat content and common content, the high-heat content is selected, and the high-heat content is classified and catalogued. .
  • the content clustering server transmits the high-heat content to the edge server through the information channel between the digital television broadcasting system and the edge server through the digital television broadcasting system.
  • the digital television broadcasting system directly transmits the highly heated content or its catalogue to the user terminal through the information channel between the digital television broadcasting system and the user terminal.
  • the digital television broadcasting system transmits the high-heat content or its catalogue to the user terminal through the information channel between the digital television broadcasting system and the user terminal, and the user terminal passes the user terminal and the edge server according to the cataloging of the high-heat content.
  • the information channel obtains the corresponding high-heat content from the edge server.
  • the content clustering server transmits all the content to the broadband communication network, and the user terminal is connected to the broadband communication network through the information channel of the user terminal and the edge server.
  • the information channel between the digital television broadcasting system and the edge server is a digital digital broadcasting, a satellite digital broadcasting, or a terrestrial digital broadcasting.
  • the information channel between the digital television broadcasting system and the user terminal is a wireless digital broadcast.
  • the information channel between the digital television broadcasting system and the edge server and the user terminal is two logical channels on the same physical channel.
  • the information channel between the digital television broadcasting system and the edge server and the user terminal is two different physical channels.
  • an information transmission network embodying the present invention for providing information to a user terminal, wherein: the information transmission network includes a broadband communication network and a digital television broadcasting system, and the broadband communication network includes an edge server closest to the user terminal. a two-way information channel is provided between the user terminal and the edge server, and a broadcast information channel is provided between the digital television broadcasting system and the edge server and the user terminal.
  • the information transmission network further includes a content clustering server, the content clustering server is connected with the broadband communication network and the digital television broadcasting system, and the content clustering server uses the source channels and contents of the multimedia content from the plurality of data sources.
  • the user's relevance analysis and prediction, and the user's feedback response to the content, etc., to perform cluster analysis of the content, and divide the multimedia content into high-heat content and common content, and select high-heat content, and Highly hot content is classified and cataloged.
  • the content clustering server transmits the high-heat content to the edge server through the information channel between the digital television broadcasting system and the edge server through the digital television broadcasting system.
  • the digital television broadcasting system directly transmits the highly heated content or its catalogue to the user terminal through the information channel between the digital television broadcasting system and the user terminal.
  • the digital television broadcasting system transmits the high-heat content or its catalogue to the user terminal through the information channel between the digital television broadcasting system and the user terminal, and the user terminal passes the user terminal and the edge server according to the cataloging of the high-heat content.
  • the information channel obtains the corresponding high-heat content from the edge server.
  • the content clustering server transmits all the content to the broadband communication network, and the user terminal is connected to the broadband communication network through the information channel of the user terminal and the edge server.
  • the information channel between the digital television broadcasting system and the edge server is a digital digital broadcasting, a satellite digital broadcasting, or a terrestrial digital broadcasting.
  • the information channel between the digital television broadcasting system and the user terminal is a wireless digital broadcast.
  • the information channel between the digital television broadcasting system and the edge server and the user terminal is two logical channels on the same physical channel.
  • the information channel between the digital television broadcasting system and the edge server and the user terminal is two different physical channels.
  • a digital television heterogeneous network structure for implementing the digital television content to a user terminal
  • the digital television heterogeneous network structure comprises a control transmission module, a broadcast television network and a second network.
  • the broadcast television network and the second network are both connected to the control transmission module, the broadcast television network is a one-way transmission network, and the digital television content is directly transmitted to the user terminal, and the second network is a two-way network, and the digital television content is transmitted to the user terminal.
  • the broadcast television network further includes a multiplexing and distribution module, and the multiplexing and distribution module is connected to the control transmission module for channel multiplexing and content distribution of the content output by the control transmission module; Multiple content may occupy the same channel resource in different time sequences or multiple content may occupy the same time resource according to different channel resources.
  • control information includes a VOD request, a broadcast content retransmission request, and a direct video content request.
  • the digital television content includes the broadcast content and the VOD content of the user terminal.
  • the second network includes 3G, LTE, WiFi network and Internet, 3G,
  • the LTE and WiFi networks are respectively connected to the user terminal and the Internet, and the user terminal uploads the control information and the video content to the Internet through the 3G, LTE, and WiFi networks.
  • the Internet transmits feedback information, broadcast retransmission content, and direct video content from the control transmission module to the user terminal through the 3G, LTE, and WiFi networks; the feedback information includes VOD request acceptance, waiting, timeout, broadcast content retransmission request acceptance, etc. Wait, timeout, direct content request acceptance, wait, timeout.
  • the user terminal further includes a storage device for storing digital television content transmitted to the user terminal by the broadcast television network or the second network.
  • the broadcast television network structure further includes a content classification and manufacturing module, connected to the control transmission module, classifying the acquired digital television content, and further indexing each multimedia content.
  • the broadcast television network structure further includes a content acquisition module, which is connected to the content classification and manufacturing module, and obtains digital television content through various channels.
  • the second network has a plurality of information transmission channels
  • the user terminal includes an information transmission channel evaluation unit, and the information transmission channel evaluation unit evaluates the status of the channel in real time according to the return channel of each information transmission channel to select the best.
  • Information transfer channel
  • a terrestrial digital television network structure embodying the present invention is characterized in that: the terrestrial digital television network structure comprises: a television tower base station and a user terminal; and a downlink transmission chain of a first frequency is used between the television tower base station and the user terminal. The uplink transmission link of the road and the second frequency.
  • the downlink transmission link includes broadcast information for all users in a broadcast form, and proprietary information for individual users in a broadcast or directional transmission manner; the uplink transmission link is assigned to an individual user according to a downlink transmission link.
  • the time frequency resource table information is accessed.
  • the signal of the uplink transmission link is transmitted by the user terminal in a directional transmission manner; the directional transmission mode includes beamforming of the directional antenna or the array antenna.
  • a wireless repeater is further included; the television tower base station transmits a broadcast signal to the wireless repeater, and the wireless repeater forwards the broadcast signal to the user terminal; the user terminal transmits the signal of the uplink transmission link to the wireless repeater, The wireless repeater forwards the signal of the uplink transmission link to the television tower base station.
  • the wireless repeater is a pair of back-to-back wireless access nodes, one for receiving and one for transmitting; the wireless repeater adopts analog same frequency forwarding, analog difference frequency forwarding, digital same frequency forwarding, digital Differential frequency forwarding, or use Bluetooth, Wifi forwarding.
  • a television tower base station embodying the present invention is configured to transmit and receive signals with a user terminal, wherein: the television tower base station includes a receiving device and a transmitting device, and the transmitting device transmits information to the user terminal at a first frequency, and the receiving device The information transmitted by the user terminal is received at the second frequency.
  • the information transmitted by the transmitting device includes a wide range of broadcasts to all users. Broadcast information, and proprietary information to individual users in a broadcast or directional transmission.
  • the receiving device receives the information transmitted by the user terminal based on the time frequency resource table information of the user terminal.
  • a user terminal embodying the present invention is configured to transmit and receive signals with a television tower base station, wherein: the user terminal includes a receiving device and a transmitting device, and the receiving device receives the information sent by the television tower base station at the first frequency, and The transmitting device transmits information to the television tower base station at a second frequency.
  • the user terminal transmits information to the TV tower base station by using a directional transmission mode
  • the directional transmission mode includes beamforming of the directional antenna or the array antenna.
  • the technical solution of the invention can provide a fusion structure of a broadcast network and other networks, and provides users with multiple ways of network access, thereby providing users with accurate, efficient and high-quality information services to the greatest extent, and adapting to local conditions.
  • the uplink of the broadcast can also be implemented by using the network structure of the present invention.
  • Various networks have different emphasis on coverage, transmission speed, mobility support, QoS support, network construction cost, and target market. Users offer a wider range of services, higher quality and lower prices.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of an information transmission network combining a digital television broadcasting system and a broadband communication network according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a broadcast-user channel and a broadcast-server channel of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a digital television heterogeneous network structure;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a network structure of a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the structure of a network in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • the present invention proposes a network structure that cooperates with the broadband communication network, and in particular, can be applied to a digital television broadcasting system.
  • the information transmission network of the present invention is used to provide information to the user terminal, and mainly includes two sub-networks, that is, a broadband communication network and a digital television broadcasting system.
  • the broadband communication network includes a plurality of servers in the network.
  • the server that is closest to the user terminal is defined as an edge server, and the two-way information channel is provided between the user terminal and the edge server, and the digital television broadcasting system and the edge respectively There is an information channel between the server and the user terminal.
  • the edge server is disposed at the back end of the digital television broadcasting system and the broadband communication network, and the digital television broadcasting system is connected with the user terminal to form a broadcast-user channel, that is, a BC (Broadcast to Client) channel, and the digital television broadcasting system is connected to the edge server to form Broadcasting a server channel, that is, a BS (Broadcast to Server) channel, the user terminal is connected to the edge server to form a server-user channel, that is, an SC (Server to Client) channel.
  • BC Broadcast to Client
  • SC Service to Client
  • the SC channel is a bidirectional channel for interworking between the user and the broadband communication network.
  • the BC channel and the BS channel can be two logical channels on the same physical channel.
  • the BC channel and the BS channel multiplex the same physical channel by means of time division operation or frequency division operation.
  • the BC channel and the BS channel can also be directly two different physical channels.
  • the BC channel and the BS channel are not limited to the unidirectional channel.
  • both the BC channel and the BS channel can include an uplink, and the BC channel can be distinguished by different frequency bands. Up and down of the BS channel.
  • the BS channel can be a cable digital broadcast, or a satellite digital broadcast, or a terrestrial digital broadcast
  • the BC channel can be a wireless digital broadcast
  • the SC channel can be It is a common wired network channel, or Wifi.
  • the information transmission network of the present invention further includes a content clustering server, which is connected to the broadband communication network and the digital television broadcasting system, and is disposed at the front end of the digital television broadcasting system and the broadband communication network.
  • the content clustering server first analyzes various multimedia data through feedback information such as the source channel of the multimedia content, the correlation analysis and prediction of the content and the user, and the click response of the user to the content.
  • the heat the content that most people care about, that is, the high-heat content is selected, thus distinguishing the high-heat content from the ordinary content.
  • the hot content is further processed. According to the characteristics of each multimedia data heat, keywords of multimedia data are extracted, each multimedia data is catalogued by keywords, and all catalogues are in the content clustering server. Do a unified content management.
  • the content clustering server For each multimedia data tag, the content clustering server needs to constantly update its popularity to update the keywords and corresponding catalogs, so the popularity and cataloging of the multimedia data is a dynamically changing parameter. For example, in a period of time, a certain multimedia content is concerned by many people, then the multimedia content will become high-heat content, and after a period of time, the attention of the multimedia content is reduced, at this time, the content clustering server It is necessary to modify the label of this multimedia content and change it from high-quality content to ordinary content. Finally, the digital TV broadcasting system is used to assist the broadband communication network to transmit high-heat content.
  • the content clustering server divides the multimedia data into two parts: one part is the high-heat content in all multimedia data and its catalog, and the other part is the content of all multimedia data.
  • the content clustering server sends the two parts of the content through two different networks.
  • the first is the digital television broadcasting system, where the corresponding data is a catalogue of highly heated content and/or content.
  • the transmission of the digital television broadcasting system is further divided into a BS channel and a BC channel.
  • the BS channel is used for directly transmitting the high-heat content to the edge server closest to the terminal
  • the BC channel is for directly transmitting the catalogue of the high-heat content and/or content to the user terminal, or the user terminal can Cataloging of hot content, obtaining complete information of the corresponding high-heat content from the edge server through the SC channel.
  • the second is the broadband communication network, and the corresponding data is the content of all multimedia data and its catalog.
  • the content clustering server sends all the content and its catalog to the broadband communication network.
  • the edge server has the function of receiving the BS channel and the function of accessing the broadband communication network, and the user terminal is connected to the broadband communication network through the SC channel, thereby obtaining Cataloging of all multimedia data and its complete content.
  • the BS channel can be a cable digital broadcast, a satellite digital broadcast, or a terrestrial digital broadcast.
  • the BS channel can be a cable digital broadcast, a satellite digital broadcast, or a terrestrial digital broadcast.
  • BC channel Only wireless digital broadcasting is adopted, and the channel has high ubiquitous capability and can be adapted to different terminals. Demand, has a certain power saving function.
  • Broadcasting is characterized by point-to-point information transmission, so the transmission of high-heat content through the digital television broadcasting system can greatly share the traffic of the broadband communication network.
  • the user terminal receives the high-heat content and the catalogue of the broadcast transmission through the BC channel, and the user terminal can selectively store some high-heat content for recommendation according to the user behavior habit, and the user terminal can also store the catalog information of the hot content.
  • the user can select information according to user terminal recommendation, cataloging information or other requirements.
  • the user does not care about the source of the information source, but the channels of the three access methods can ensure that the user obtains the required information more quickly and accurately. Users can decide whether to browse the recommended content according to their needs. Do you want to browse the entire contents of the catalog information? Do you want to query other information?
  • the information can be found in the user terminal itself; if the user is interested in the specific content on the cataloging information, the information can be obtained from the edge server nearest to the user through the SC channel; If you need to query other content information, you can connect to the Internet through the edge server for information query and browsing.
  • the combination of digital TV broadcasting system and broadband communication network is the trend of the new generation network architecture.
  • the point-to-point characteristics of the digital television broadcasting system can be brought out, and the content of the high-heat content can be separated by the content server.
  • the content that most people care about can be directly transmitted through the BC channel, which greatly reduces the traffic burden of the broadband communication network; the user behavior may be analyzed by analyzing the user behavior.
  • the content is stored and recommended by the terminal.
  • the content is sent to the edge access server through the BS channel, and the access distance between the user and the majority of the content can also be reduced.
  • Such a digital television broadcasting system provides users with a variety of access methods to provide users with accurate, efficient and high quality information services.
  • the digital TV broadcasting system combined with the broadband communication network has become the information highway in the new era, and a large amount of multimedia data can be quickly and accurately transmitted to the users through broadcasting.
  • the network structure mainly includes a content acquisition module, a content classification and manufacturing module, a control transmission module, a broadcast television network, a second network, a user terminal, and a storage device.
  • the digital television content of the present invention includes broadcast content and VOD content of the user terminal.
  • the broadcast television network is a broadcast network
  • the second network is a 3G, LTE, or WiFi network
  • the second network may also be analog intra-frequency forwarding, digital intra-frequency forwarding, Communication systems such as digital difference frequency forwarding, the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the content acquisition module is connected to the content classification and production module, and mainly obtains resource information through media such as camera, recording, computer synthesis, etc., and edits, formats, edits, renders and other post-processing to make resource information into multimedia content, and makes the production.
  • the completed media content is sent to the inner bucket sorting and production module.
  • the receiving end of the content classification and production module is connected to the content acquisition module, and the transmitting end is connected to the control transmission module, and mainly classifies the finally obtained multimedia content, which can be divided according to the characteristics of the video source effect: distinguishing between real-time and non-real-time services, distinguishing Clarity (Ultra HD, HD, SD), distinguishing dimensions (3D, 2D); can also be divided according to the category of video source content: distinguish sports, finance, politics, society, education, history, variety, series, film, etc. Wait. On the basis of the above, further finer division can be made, and finally an index label is created for each video source, and the classification is packaged according to the stream format.
  • the control transmission module simultaneously controls the broadcast television network and the second network to send content signals to the user terminal.
  • the present invention can simultaneously have multiple broadcast television networks and a second network, for example, multiple broadcast networks, multiple 3G, LTE networks, and the like exist at the same time.
  • the control transmission module controls at least one, more or all of the information transmissions therein.
  • the control transmission module transmits the control signal and the content signal through at least one, more or all of the second network and the user terminal, but for a broadcast television network, such as a broadcast network, the control transmission module transmits only the content signal.
  • the control information includes a VOD request, a broadcast content retransmission request, and a direct video content request.
  • a multiplexing and distribution module is also included in the broadcast television network (broadcasting network).
  • the control transmission module provides broadcast multimedia content to the multiplexing and distribution module of the broadcast system, and broadcasts the multimedia content, that is, the broadcasted service content, including the ordinary broadcast service of each channel and the video on demand (VOD) service content of the special channel, etc. Etc., multiplexing and distribution module
  • the module provides control of the broadcast content provided by the transmission module (including ordinary video services, ultra high definition, 3D, special On-demand services, etc.) perform channel multiplexing, pairing, etc., and then distribute them to fixed TVs, mobile phones, mobile terminals and other users through radio frequency signal broadcasting.
  • channel multiplexing means that multiple content can occupy the same channel resource in different time sequences or multiple content can occupy the same time resource according to different channel resources.
  • the second network of the present invention has multiple information transmission channels, and generally can select 3G, LTE or
  • WiFi network connected to the control transport module.
  • the second network can be divided into a front end and a back end, the front end is the Internet, and the back end includes a 3G, LTE or WiFi network.
  • the control transmission module accesses the front end, that is, the Internet end, and the user terminal accesses the back end, that is, accesses a network such as 3G, LTE, or WiFi.
  • the front-end Internet is connected to the back-end 3G, LTE or WiFi network to transmit multimedia services and control signals to each other.
  • the feedback information includes VOD request acceptance, waiting, timeout, broadcast content retransmission request acceptance, waiting, timeout, direct content request acceptance, waiting, timeout.
  • the user terminal can upload control information and video content to the Internet through 3G, LTE, and WiFi networks.
  • the Internet transmits feedback information, broadcast retransmission content, and direct video content from the control transmission module to the user terminal through a 3G, LTE, and WiFi network.
  • the control transmission module provides multimedia content to the Internet module while interacting with the Internet to control the signaling.
  • the control transmission module receives control signaling sent by the Internet, including a request for on-demand (VOD), to control the on-demand content output by the control transmission module to the multiplex distribution module.
  • VOD on-demand
  • the control transmission module After receiving the request from the Internet, the control transmission module will report the result to the Internet through control signaling, "accepted” or "waiting". If the agreed waiting time expires, it returns "no response". At this time, the user returns The request can be resent.
  • 3G, LTE or WiFi network The reason why the present invention selects a 3G, LTE or WiFi network is due to the dense presence of 3G and LTE/WiFi base stations in the city, and almost complete seamless coverage.
  • These modules receive control signals from users (fixed TVs, mobile terminals, etc.) on the one hand, including on-demand requests, direct content requests, and backhaul requests due to broadcast content loss, etc.; and (optionally) receive from The user's uploaded content is further uploaded to the internet.
  • these modules receive feedback control signaling from the Internet, including on-demand request result feedback (received or waiting for or not responding), direct content request feedback (received or waiting for or not responding), and packet loss back Request feedback (received or waiting or not responding); also receives content from the Internet for user requests.
  • the information received from the Internet module is transmitted by radio to the user terminal that sends the request.
  • the user terminal accesses the 3G, LTE or WiFi network, and is also equipped with a storage device or an external storage device for storing information received from the broadcast network or the Internet.
  • an information transmission channel evaluation unit is further disposed inside the user terminal, and the status of the channel is evaluated in real time according to the return channel of each information transmission channel of the second network to select an optimal information transmission channel.
  • the above-described terrestrial broadcast television network structure can have two main control methods:
  • the user terminal determines the broadcast information received from the broadcast network in real time, identifies the missing signal in the broadcast information, and sends a replacement signal to the control transmission module through the Internet through the 3G, LTE, or WiFi network, and controls the transmission module to pass the The Internet sends missing signals to user terminals over 3G, LTE or WiFi networks.
  • the other is to use a second network to control the broadcast television network or the second network itself.
  • the user terminal sends an on-demand control signal to the control transmission module through the Internet through the 3G, LTE or WiFi network, and controls the transmission module to send the on-demand content to the user terminal through the broadcast network or through the Internet through the 3G, LTE or WiFi network. .
  • the user receives and views the multimedia content through the broadcast network.
  • the multimedia content received through the broadcast network is lost due to the deterioration of the channel environment, the user can control and transmit through the Internet through a wireless network such as 3G, LTE or Wifi.
  • the module sends a return request for the lost content part (referred to as the packet loss return request), after the control and transmission module module receives the request, and then according to the general criteria (such as the first-come-first-served criteria for the user's request), or priority Processing criteria (such as paying users, advanced user priority criteria), providing the user terminal with retransmission of the lost content portion, if the user request needs to wait, the control signaling fed back to the user is waiting, if the user request can directly process, Returns the accepted control signaling. If the user waits for more than a certain set value, it returns non-response control signaling.
  • the service realizes the collaborative coverage of heterogeneous networks and broadcasts to compensate for the lack of shadow packet loss in the broadcast network.
  • the user can send a video on demand (VOD) request to the control and transmission module over the Internet via a wireless network such as 3G, LTE or Wifi, and the control and transmission module controls the on-demand transmission of the broadcast link after receiving the request.
  • VOD video on demand
  • Content and deliver on-demand content to the broadcast network in time
  • the user meets the on-demand requirements of the user terminal.
  • This function combines the heterogeneous network with the broadcast network to realize the bidirectional transmission function of the client.
  • the user terminal can also send a direct content request service to the control and transmission module through the Internet through a wireless network such as 3G, LTE or Wifi.
  • the service is intended for the user terminal to directly obtain content from the Internet resource, and the control and transmission module is After receiving the request, the content service is directly provided to the user terminal according to normal rules (such as on a first-come, first-served basis for the user's request), or priority processing principles (such as paying users, advanced user priority principles). Control signaling is similarly accepted, pending, and unresponsive.
  • the user terminal When the user terminal selects the 3G, LTE or Wifi access mode, according to the channel best criterion, the user terminal evaluates the channel status in real time according to the 3G, LTE or Wifi return channel to select the best interaction mode.
  • the user terminal When the user terminal is a mobile device and needs to perform network switching, it also switches according to the best channel criteria.
  • the terrestrial digital television network structure of the present invention is mainly applicable to areas where certain hardware environments are restricted, for example, in rural areas, there is not much obstruction, and the channel environment is relatively simple.
  • the network structure of the present invention is divided into two cases:
  • the network structure of the present invention mainly includes a television tower base station (e.g., a broadcast signal television tower base station) and a user terminal, and an uplink transmission link and a downlink transmission link between the television tower base station and the user terminal.
  • a television tower base station e.g., a broadcast signal television tower base station
  • a user terminal e.g., a user terminal
  • an uplink transmission link and a downlink transmission link between the television tower base station and the user terminal.
  • the downlink transmission link and the uplink transmission link adopt a combination of TDD and FDD, and implement a downlink transmission link by using a frequency band different from the uplink transmission link.
  • the downlink transmission link includes broadcast information for all users in a broadcast form, and proprietary information for individual users in a broadcast or directional transmission manner, and the high-rate signal is covered mainly by means of transmitting diversity of the television tower base station, suitable for On SHDTV, HDTV And the immersive application such as 3DTV and the Rich Media application, and the uplink transmission link accesses the time-frequency resource table information specified by the individual user according to the downlink transmission link.
  • the signal of the uplink transmission link is transmitted by the user terminal in a directional transmission manner, and the directional transmission method includes beamforming of the directional antenna or the array antenna, which can make the system power efficient, long transmission distance, and safe.
  • the modulation and demodulation of the uplink transmission link burst transmission considers the PSK modulation method with a relatively low peak to improve the power efficiency, and adopts the multi-rate Turbo convolutional code technique to adopt a long guide sequence that is easy to capture.
  • the MAC layer protocol of the uplink transmission link adopts the DOCSIS protocol that has been applied in the cable television, and adopts a resource allocation method combining "competition and reservation". For a short data service similar to the VOD request, a competitive method can be adopted.
  • Real-time video telephony and video interactive services can adopt a method of reserving resources.
  • the core signaling frames are defined in the frame structure: ranging frame and MAP frame.
  • the TDMA, OFDMA or SC-FDMA multiple multiple access modes can be supported by the division of time slots and subcarriers.
  • the present invention employs a network structure with a wireless repeater to expand the coverage of the downlink transmission link (multiple wireless repeaters can exist, and are not limited to the single mode shown in FIG. 5).
  • a wireless repeater consists of a pair of back-to-back wireless access nodes AP (Access Point), one for receiving and one for transmitting.
  • AP Access Point
  • the wireless repeater may use analog one-frequency forwarding, analog difference frequency forwarding, digital intra-frequency forwarding, digital difference frequency forwarding, or one or more of various wireless forwarding methods such as Bluetooth and Wifi forwarding.
  • the TV tower base station transmits a broadcast signal to the wireless repeater, the wireless repeater forwards the broadcast signal to the user terminal, the user terminal transmits the signal of the uplink transmission link to the wireless repeater, and the wireless repeater forwards the uplink transmission chain to the TV tower base station.
  • the signal of the road The signal of the road.
  • the back-up uplink with the wireless repeater of FIG. 5 may also be considered to implement the uplink transmission link between the user terminal and the television tower base station.
  • the uplink coverage range can be further improved by selecting a low constellation low code rate encoding, thereby enhancing the ability to directly return the uplink.
  • the television tower base station embodying the present invention includes a receiving device (not shown) and a transmitting device (not shown) that transmits information to the user terminal in a broadcast form at a first frequency.
  • the user terminal embodying the present invention also includes a receiving device (not shown) and a transmitting device (not shown) that receives information transmitted by the television tower base station in a broadcast form at a first frequency, and the transmitting The device transmits information to the television tower base station at a second frequency, and the user terminal transmits information to the television tower base station by using a directional transmission manner, where the directional transmission manner includes beamforming of a directional antenna or an array antenna.

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Abstract

本发明揭示了一种与宽带通信网协同的数字电视广播系统、该广播系统应用的信息传输网络，一种数字电视异构网络结构以及应用于上述各个网络系统中的用户终端。本发明的多种广播系统结构均采用异构网络的设计思路，将广播网和其他网络，例如通信网、互联网等融合，形成多种网络协同的异构网络结构，同时兼顾在恶劣条件下的使用情况，设计一种利用广播链路实现上行传输的广播电视系统。本发明的终端是能够应用于这些异构网络结构中的终端，能够接收多个网络传输的信号，并且采用一系列的控制手段来实现灵活的接收方式和接入方式。本发明的网络系统和用户终端能实现网络资源的优化分配，节省频谱资源，实现信息资源的优化传输和管理。

Description

数字电视网络结构及用户终端
技术领域
本发明涉及广播通信领域的系统结构及应用于这种系统下的接收终端，更 具体地说， 涉及一种数字电视网络结构及用户终端。 背景技术
传统的地面数字电视传输系统广泛采用的是单频网结构，即处在不同地点 的电视塔在同一时间， 以同一频率发射同一信号。
其缺点是发射塔数量以及发射功率是受到一定约束的， 这对城市地形来 说， 室内接收会存在很多阴影区， 而对于农村地形， 覆盖范围将受到一定的限 制。 另一方面， 传统的数字电视传输系统是单向广播， 这种模式在有限的带宽 下传输固定套数的视频节目， 并不考虑用户的特定业务需求， 如视频点播、 资 讯定制、 游戏等双向业务。 发明内容
本发明的目的旨在提供一种数字电视网络结构及用户终端，来解决现有广 播手段单一、 无法与其他网络实现融合与共享、 广播与网络资源没有合理分配 等问题。
依据上述目的， 实施本发明的一种用户终端， 其特征在于， 用户终端包括 第一接收模块与第二接收模块， 其中第一接收模块用于与宽带通信网连接， 而 第二接收模块用于与数字电视广播系统连接，用户终端可以通过第二接收模块 接收数字电视广播系统传送的信息索引， 并依据信息索引通过第一接收模块从 宽带通信网取得对应的信息内容。
依据上述主要特征，用户终端通过第二接收模块接收数字电视广播系统传 送的内容并根据用户行为习惯来选择性的存储和推荐。
依据上述主要特征，用户终端可以直接通过第一接收模块从宽带通信网取 得信息内容。
依据上述主要特征，宽带通信网设有一距离用户终端距离最近的边缘服务 器， 用户终端通过边缘服务器与宽带通信网连接。
依据上述主要特征，与宽带通信网协同的数字电视广播系统与一内容聚类 处理服务器连接， 内容聚类服务器从多个数据来源中将高热度的内容挑选出来 并形成索引，通过数字电视广播系统与第二接收模块将高热度内容的索引发送 至用户终端， 用户终端根据高热度内容的索引， 并通过第一接收模块从边缘服 务器上取得对应的高热度内容。
依据上述主要特征，用户终端与数字电视广播系统之间通过无线数字广播 连接。
依据上述主要特征，用户终端根据用户行为习惯来选择性的将一些高热度 内容从边缘服务器下载至用户终端中， 并向使用者进行推荐。
依据上述目的， 实施本发明的一种与宽带通信网协同的数字电视广播系 统， 用于向用户终端提供信息， 其特征在于： 宽带通信网包括距离用户终端最 近的边缘服务器， 用户终端与边缘服务器之间设有双向信息通道， 数字电视广 播系统与边缘服务器及用户终端之间均设有广播信息通道。
依据上述主要特征，与宽带通信网协同的数字电视广播系统与一内容聚类 服务器连接， 内容聚类服务器从多个数据来源中根据多媒体内容的来源渠道、 内容与用户的关联度分析与预测、 以及用户对内容的点击响应等反馈信息来进 行内容的聚类分析， 将多媒体内容区分为高热度的内容与普通的内容， 将高热 度的内容挑选出来， 并对高热度的内容进行分类和编目。
依据上述主要特征，内容聚类服务器通过数字电视广播系统将高热度的内 容通过数字电视广播系统与边缘服务器之间的信息通道发送至边缘服务器。
依据上述主要特征，数字电视广播系统将高热度的内容或其编目通过数字 电视广播系统与用户终端之间的信息通道直接发送至用户终端。
依据上述主要特征，数字电视广播系统将高热度内容或其编目通过数字电 视广播系统与用户终端之间的信息通道发送至用户终端，用户终端根据高热度 内容的编目，通过用户终端与边缘服务器的信息通道从边缘服务器取得对应的 高热度内容。 依据上述主要特征， 内容聚类服务器将所有的内容发送给宽带通信网， 用 户终端通过用户终端与边缘服务器的信息通道与宽带通信网连接。
依据上述主要特征，数字电视广播系统与边缘服务器之间的信息通道是有 线数字广播、 卫星数字广播、 或地面数字广播。
依据上述主要特征，数字电视广播系统与用户终端之间的信息通道为无线 数字广播。
依据上述主要特征，数字电视广播系统与边缘服务器及用户终端之间的信 息通道是同一物理信道上的两个逻辑通道。
依据上述主要特征，数字电视广播系统与边缘服务器及用户终端之间的信 息通道是两个不同的物理信道。
依据上述目的， 实施本发明的一种信息传输网络， 用于向用户终端提供信 息， 其特征在于： 信息传输网络包括宽带通信网与数字电视广播系统， 宽带通 信网包括距离用户终端最近的边缘服务器， 用户终端与边缘服务器之间设有双 向信息通道， 而数字电视广播系统与边缘服务器及用户终端之间均设有广播信 息通道
依据上述主要特征， 信息传输网络还包括一内容聚类服务器， 内容聚类服 务器与宽带通信网及数字电视广播系统连接， 内容聚类服务器从多个数据来源 中对多媒体内容的来源渠道、 内容与用户的关联度分析与预测、 以及用户对内 容的点击响应等反馈信息来进行内容的聚类分析，将多媒体内容分为高热度的 内容与普通的内容， 将高热度的内容挑选出来， 并对高热度的内容进行分类和 编目。
依据上述主要特征，内容聚类服务器通过数字电视广播系统将高热度的内 容通过数字电视广播系统与边缘服务器之间的信息通道发送至边缘服务器。
依据上述主要特征，数字电视广播系统将高热度的内容或其编目通过数字 电视广播系统与用户终端之间的信息通道直接发送至用户终端。
依据上述主要特征，数字电视广播系统将高热度内容或其编目通过数字电 视广播系统与用户终端之间的信息通道发送至用户终端，用户终端根据高热度 内容的编目，通过用户终端与边缘服务器的信息通道从边缘服务器取得对应的 高热度内容。 依据上述主要特征， 内容聚类服务器将所有的内容发送给宽带通信网， 用 户终端通过用户终端与边缘服务器的信息通道与宽带通信网连接。
依据上述主要特征，数字电视广播系统与边缘服务器之间的信息通道是有 线数字广播、 卫星数字广播、 或地面数字广播。
依据上述主要特征，数字电视广播系统与用户终端之间的信息通道为无线 数字广播。
依据上述主要特征，数字电视广播系统与边缘服务器及用户终端之间的信 息通道是同一物理信道上的两个逻辑通道。
依据上述主要特征，数字电视广播系统与边缘服务器及用户终端之间的信 息通道是两个不同的物理信道。
依据上述目的， 实施本发明的一种数字电视异构网络结构， 用于向用户终 端提供数字电视内容， 其特征在于： 数字电视异构网络结构包括一控制传输模 块、 广播电视网及第二网络， 其中广播电视网与第二网络均与控制传输模块连 接， 广播电视网为单向传输网络， 直接向用户终端发送数字电视内容， 而第二 网络为双向网络， 向用户终端传输数字电视内容， 并传输用户终端与控制传输 模块之间的控制信息，控制传输模块分配通过广播电视网与第二网络传输的数 字电视内容。
依据上述主要特征， 广播电视网还包括一复用和分发模块， 复用与分发模 块与控制传输模块连接，用于对控制传输模块输出的内容进行频道复用和内容 分发； 频道复用是指， 多个内容可按不同的时间顺序占用同一个频道资源或者 多个内容可按不同的频道资源占用同一块时间资源。
依据上述主要特征， 控制信息包括 VOD请求、 广播内容重传请求、 直接 视频内容请求。
依据上述主要特征，数字电视内容包括广播内容和用户终端的 VOD内容。 依据上述主要特征， 第二网络包括 3G、 LTE、 WiFi网络及互联网， 3G、
LTE、 WiFi网络分别与用户终端、互联网连接， 用户终端通过 3G、 LTE、 WiFi 网络将控制信息、 视频内容上传到互联网。 互联网通过 3G、 LTE、 WiFi网络 将来自控制传输模块的反馈信息、 广播重传内容、 直接视频内容传输至用户终 端； 反馈信息包括 VOD请求受理、 等待、 超时， 广播内容重传请求受理、 等 待、 超时， 直接内容请求受理、 等待、 超时。
依据上述主要特征， 用户终端还包括一存储设备， 存储广播电视网或第二 网络传输至用户终端的数字电视内容。
依据上述主要特征， 广播电视网结构还包括一内容分类和制做模块， 与控 制传输模块相连， 对获取的数字电视内容进行分类， 并进一步为每个多媒体内 容制做索引标签。
依据上述主要特征， 广播电视网结构还包括一内容获取模块， 与内容分类 和制做模块相连， 通过各种渠道获得数字电视内容。
依据上述主要特征， 第二网络具有多个信息传送通道， 而用户终端包括一 信息传送通道评估单元，信息传送通道评估单元根据各个信息传送通道的回传 信道实时评估信道的状况， 以选择最佳的信息传送通道。
依据上述目的， 实施本发明的一种地面数字电视网络结构， 其特征是， 地 面数字电视网络结构包括： 电视塔基站和用户终端； 电视塔基站和用户终端之 间采用第一频率的下行传输链路和第二频率的上行传输链路。
依据上述主要特征，下行传输链路中包含以广播形式给所有用户的广播信 息， 和以广播或定向发射方式给个别用户的专有信息； 上行传输链路根据下行 传输链路给个别用户所指定的时间频率资源表信息进行接入。
依据上述主要特征，上行传输链路的信号由用户终端采用定向发射方式进 行传输； 定向发射方式包括定向天线或阵列天线的波束成型。
依据上述主要特征， 还包括无线中继器； 电视塔基站向无线中继器发射广 播信号， 无线中继器向用户终端转发广播信号； 用户终端向无线中继器传输上 行传输链路的信号， 无线中继器向电视塔基站转发上行传输链路的信号。
依据上述主要特征， 无线中继器为一对背靠背的无线接入节点，一个用于 接收， 一个用于发送； 无线中继器采用模拟同频转发、 模拟差频转发、 数字同 频转发、 数字差频转发， 或利用蓝牙、 Wifi转发。
依据上述目的，实施本发明的一种电视塔基站，用于同用户终端收发信号， 其特征在于： 电视塔基站包括接收装置和发送装置， 发送装置以第一频率向用 户终端发送信息， 接收装置以第二频率接收用户终端的传输的信息。
依据上述主要特征，发送装置发送的信息包括以广播形式给所有用户的广 播信息， 和以广播或定向发射方式给个别用户的专有信息。
依据上述主要特征，接收装置根据用户终端的时间频率资源表信息来接收 用户终端传输的信息。
依据上述目的，实施本发明的一种用户终端，用于同电视塔基站收发信号， 其特征在于： 用户终端包括接收装置和发送装置， 接收装置以第一频率接收电 视塔基站发送的信息， 并且发送装置以第二频率向电视塔基站发送信息。
依据上述主要特征， 用户终端采用定向发射方式向电视塔基站发送信息， 定向发射方式包括定向天线或阵列天线的波束成型。
采用了本发明的技术方案， 能够提供广播网和其他网络的融合结构， 为用 户提供了多种途径的网络接入， 最大程度地为用户提供准确、 高效和高质量的 信息服务， 并因地制宜地利用城市中的 WiFi/GPRS/3G、 LTE和广播组成异构 网络， 以期协同覆盖来解决城市中的盲点、 阴影问题。 另外利用本发明的网络 结构也可以实现广播的上行链路， 各种网络在覆盖范围、 传输速度、 移动性支 持、 QoS支持、 建网成本以及目标市场等方面各有侧重， 具有互补性可以为用 户提供更多种类、 更高质量、 更低价格的服务。 附图说明
在本发明中， 相同的附图标记始终表示相同的特征， 其中：
图 1 是本发明数字电视广播系统和宽带通信网结合的信息传输网络的第 一个实施例示意图；
图 2是图 1的广播一用户通道和广播一服务器通道的结构示意图； 图 3是数字电视异构网络结构的第二个实施例示意图；
图 4是本发明第三个实施例的网络结构示意图；
图 5是本发明第四个实施例的网络结构示意图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例进一步说明本发明的技术方案。
基于上述背景技术的预测可以看出，视频数据业务需求的爆炸式增长对于 宽带通信网形成巨大的负担； 而大量数据业务的高度趋同性使得数字电视广播 系统帮助宽带通信网成为可能。 所以， 融合多媒体数据的数字电视广播系统和 宽带通信网有必然性和互补性， 因此本发明提出一种与宽带通信网协同的网络 结构， 尤其是可以应用于数字电视广播系统。
如图 1所示， 协同了宽带通信网与数字电视广播系统的网络结构， 本发明 的信息传输网络用于向用户终端提供信息， 主要包括 2个子网络， 即宽带通信 网与数字电视广播系统。 宽带通信网包括网络中的多个服务器， 尤其在本发明 中， 定义距离用户终端最近的服务器为边缘服务器， 用户终端与边缘服务器之 间设有双向信息通道， 而该数字电视广播系统分别与边缘服务器及用户终端之 间均设有信息通道。
边缘服务器设置在数字电视广播系统和宽带通信网的后端，数字电视广播 系统与用户终端相连， 形成广播一用户通道， 即 BC (Broadcast to Client) 通 道， 数字电视广播系统与边缘服务器相连， 形成广播一服务器通道， 即 BS (Broadcast to Server) 通道， 用户终端与边缘服务器相连， 形成服务器一用户 通道， 即 SC ( Server to Client) 通道。
在上述 3个通道中， SC通道为双向通道， 用于用户与宽带通信网之间的 互联互通。 BC通道和 BS通道可以是同一物理信道上的两个逻辑通道， 通过 时分工作的方式或频分工作的方式， BC通道和 BS通道复用同一物理信道。 另一方面， BC通道和 BS通道也可以直接是两个不同的物理信道。 而不论 BC 通道与 BS通道采用哪种方式， BC通道和 BS通道都不局限于单向通道， 换句 话说， BC通道和 BS通道都可以包括上行链路， 通过不同的频段来区分 BC通 道和 BS通道的上行和下行。
考虑到 BC通道、 BS通道及 SC通道的单向或双向的特性， BS通道可以 是有线数字广播， 或者是卫星数字广播， 或者是地面数字广播， 而 BC通道可 以是无线数字广播， SC通道则是常见的有线网络通道， 或者是 Wifi等。
多媒体数据首先要经过内容聚类处理，因此本发明的信息传输网络还包括 一个内容聚类服务器， 与宽带通信网及数字电视广播系统连接， 设置在数字电 视广播系统和宽带通信网的前端。
内容聚类服务器首先通过对多媒体内容的来源渠道、内容与用户的关联度 分析与预测、 以及用户对内容的点击响应等反馈信息， 分析各种多媒体数据的 热度， 将大多数人关心的内容一即高热度的内容挑选出来， 这样就把高热度的 内容和普通内容区分开来了。 其次， 对高热度的内容做进一步的处理， 根据每 个多媒体数据热度的特征， 提取多媒体数据的关键字， 以关键字对每个多媒体 数据制做编目， 并且所有的编目都在内容聚类服务器上做统一的内容管理。
对于每一个多媒体数据标签， 内容聚类服务器需要不断更新其热度， 从而 更新关键字和对应的编目， 因此多媒体数据的热度和编目是一个动态变化的参 数。 例如在一段时间内， 某个多媒体内容被很多人所关注， 则这个多媒体内容 就会成为高热度内容，而在一段时间之后，这个多媒体内容的关注度就下降了， 此时， 内容聚类服务器就要修改这个多媒体内容的标签， 将其从高热度的内容 变成普通的内容。 最后， 通过数字电视广播系统来协助宽带通信网进行高热度 内容的发送。
在数据发送的过程中， 内容聚类服务器将多媒体数据分成两部分： 一部分 是所有多媒体数据中的高热度内容及其编目， 另一部分是所有多媒体数据的内 容。 内容聚类服务器将这两部分内容通过两个不同的网络进行发送。
第一是数字电视广播系统， 对应的数据是高热度的内容和 /或内容的编目。 数字电视广播系统的发送又分为 BS通道和 BC通道来进行。 BS通道是用于将 高热度的内容直接发送到离终端最近的边缘服务器上， BC通道是用于将高热 度的内容和 /或内容的编目直接发送到用户终端上，或者用户终端可以根据该高 热度内容的编目， 通过 SC通道从边缘服务器取得对应的高热度内容的完整信 息。
第二个是宽带通信网， 对应的数据是所有多媒体数据的内容及其编目。 内 容聚类服务器将所有的内容及其编目发送给宽带通信网，边缘服务器既具有接 收 BS通道的功能， 也具有接入宽带通信网的功能， 用户终端通过 SC通道与 宽带通信网连接， 从而获取所有多媒体数据的编目及其完整的内容。
作为本发明的一种优选实施方式， 如图 2所示， 内容聚类、 BS通道和 BC 通道构成了本发明中最关键的三部分。 其中， BS 通道可以是有线数字广播， 可以是卫星数字广播， 也可以是地面数字广播， 要具有宽带高效数据传递的能 力， 大量的高热度多媒体数据通过 BS通道被直接发送到边缘服务器； BC通 道只采用无线数字广播方式， 该通道具有高泛在性的能力， 能适合不同的终端 需求， 具有一定的节电功能。
广播的特点是点对面的信息发送，所以将高热度的内容通过数字电视广播 系统的发送， 可以较大的分担宽带通信网的流量。 用户终端通过 BC通道接收 广播发送的高热度内容及其编目，用户终端可以根据用户行为习惯来选择性地 存储一些高热度内容进行推荐， 同时用户终端也可以将高热度内容的编目信息 进行存储。 用户可以根据用户终端推荐、 编目信息或其他需求进行信息选择， 用户并不关心信息来源的渠道， 但三种接入方式的渠道能保证用户更快更准确 的得到所需的信息。 用户可以根据自己的需要决定是否要进行推荐内容的浏 览？ 是否要进行编目信息的全部内容浏览？ 是否要进行其他信息的查询？ 如 果用户只是浏览终端推荐的内容， 则可以在用户终端本身找到信息； 如果用户 是对编目信息上的具体内容感兴趣， 则可以通过 SC通道， 从离自己最近的边 缘服务器获取信息； 如果用户是需要查询其他内容信息， 则可以通过边缘服务 器联接到互联网上进行信息查询和浏览。
数字电视广播系统和宽带通信网结合是新一代网络架构的趋势，通过这样 的一种结构可以将数字电视广播系统的点对面的特点发挥出来，通过内容的聚 服务器可以将高热度的内容分离出来， 再加上对内容的编目， 可以将大多数人 关心的内容通过 BC通道进行直接的内容发送， 较大的降低了宽带通信网的流 量负担； 通过对用户行为的分析可以将用户可能关心的内容进行终端存储并推 荐。 同时， 通过 BS通道将内容发送到边缘接入服务器， 也可以减少用户和多 数内容之间的访问距离。这样一种数字电视广播体系为用户提供了多种接入方 式， 最大程度的为用户提供准确、 高效和高质量的信息服务。 和宽带通信网结 合的数字电视广播系统成为了新时期的信息高速公路， 大量的多媒体数据可以 通过广播的方式快速准确的传送到用户那里。
随着数字电视的不断发展， 以及网络的多元化、 交互化的趋势， 基于多网 并存的融合和异构是未来数字电视无线信号通信发展的重要趋势。各种网络在 覆盖范围、 传输速度、 移动性支持、 QoS支持、 建网成本以及目标市场等方面 各有侧重， 具有互补性。 网络融合的目标是综合利用异构网络的互补特性， 为 用户提供更多种类、 更高质量、 更低价格的服务。
采用异构网络概念建立的具备回传链路和协同覆盖功能的地面广播电视 网结构如图 3所示， 主要包括内容获取模块、 内容分类和制做模块、 控制传输 模块、 广播电视网、 第二网络、 用户终端和存储设备。 本发明的数字电视内容 包括广播内容和用户终端的 VOD内容。 具体来说， 作为本发明可选的一种实 施方式， 广播电视网为广播网络， 第二网络为 3G、 LTE或 WiFi网络， 或者第 二网络也可以是模拟同频转发、 数字同频转发、 数字差频转发等通信系统， 本 发明不以此为限。 下面分别说明各模块的连接方式及其各自的作用。
内容获取模块与内容分类和制作模块相连， 主要通过摄像、 录音、 电脑合 成等媒介来得到资源信息， 并经过编辑、 排版、 剪辑、 渲染等后期处理来把资 源信息制作成为多媒体内容， 并把制作完成的做媒体内容发送至内桶分类和制 作模块。
内容分类和制作模块的接收端和内容获取模块相连，发送端和控制传输模 块相连， 主要对最终获得的多媒体内容进行分类， 可以按视频源效果的特性进 行划分： 区分实时、 非实时业务， 区分清晰度 （超高清、 高清、 标清） ， 区分 维度（三维、 二维） ； 也可以按视频源内容的类别进行划分： 区分体育、 财经、 政治、 社会、 教育、 历史、 综艺、 连续剧、 影视等等。 在上述的基础上可以进 一步做更为细致的划分， 最终为每个视频源制作索引标签， 按照流格式进行分 类打包。
控制传输模块同时控制广播电视网和第二网络向用户终端发送内容信号， 本发明可以同时存在多条广播电视网和第二网络， 例如同时存在多个广播网 络、 多个 3G、 LTE网络等， 控制传输模块控制其中的至少一个、 多个或全部 的信息传输。 控制传输模块通过至少一个、 多个或全部的第二网络和用户终端 传输控制信号和内容信号， 但对于广播电视网， 例如广播网， 控制传输模块只 发送内容信号。 在本发明中， 控制信息包括 VOD请求、 广播内容重传请求、 直接视频内容请求。
作为本发明的一种优选实施方式， 广播电视网（广播网） 中还包括复用和 分发模块。 控制传输模块给广播系统的复用和分发模块提供广播多媒体内容， 广播多媒体内容即广播的业务内容，包括各个频道的普通广播业务和特殊频道 的用户点播视频 （video on demand, VOD) 业务内容等等， 复用和分发模块该 模块对控制传输模块提供的广播内容（包括普通视频业务、 超高清、 3D、 特殊 点播业务等等）进行频道复用、 配对等工作， 之后经过射频信号广播分发给固 定电视、 手机、 移动终端等用户。 这里频道复用是指， 多个内容可按不同的时 间顺序占用同一个频道资源或者多个内容可按不同的频道资源占用同一块时 间资源。
本发明的第二网络具有多个信息传送通道， 一般可以选择 3G、 LTE 或
WiFi 网络， 与控制传输模块连接。 或者第二网络可以分为前端和后端， 前端 为互联网， 后端包括 3G、 LTE或 WiFi网络。 控制传输模块接入前端， 即互联 网端， 用户终端接入所述后端， 即接入 3G、 LTE或 WiFi等网络。 前端互联网 与后端 3G、 LTE或 WiFi网络相连， 互相传送多媒体业务和控制信号。
在本发明中， 反馈信息包括 VOD请求受理、 等待、 超时， 广播内容重传 请求受理、 等待、 超时， 直接内容请求受理、 等待、 超时。 用户终端可以通过 3G、 LTE、 WiFi网络将控制信息、 视频内容上传到互联网。 互联网通过 3G、 LTE、 WiFi网络将来自该控制传输模块的反馈信息、 广播重传内容、 直接视频 内容传输至用户终端。
控制传输模块给互联网模块提供多媒体内容， 同时和互联网交互控制信 令。 控制传输模块接收互联网送来的控制信令， 包括点播（VOD)请求， 用以 控制控制传输模块输出给复用分发模块的点播内容。控制传输模块在接收到互 联网的请求后，会通过控制信令反馈给互联网其处理结果， "已受理"或者"等 待中" ， 如果约定的等待时间超时， 则返回 "无响应" ， 这时候用户可以重新 发送请求。
本发明之所以选择 3G、 LTE或 WiFi网络， 是由于 3G、 LTE/WiFi基站在 城市中密集的存在， 几乎完成了无缝的覆盖。 这些模块一方面通过射频接收来 自用户 （固定电视、移动终端等）的控制信号， 包括点播请求、直接内容请求、 以及因广播内容丢包的回传请求等等；还（可选地）接收来自用户的上传内容， 并进一步上传至互联网。 另一方面， 这些模块又接收来自互联网的反馈控制信 令， 包括点播请求结果反馈 （已受理或等待中或无响应） 、 直接内容请求反馈 (已受理或等待中或无响应） 和丢包回传请求反馈 （已受理或等待中或无响 应） ； 还接收来自互联网提供给用户请求的内容。 并将这些从互联网模块收到 的信息通过射频传送给发送请求的用户终端。 用户终端接入到 3G、 LTE或 WiFi网络， 并且还配备一个存储设备， 或者 外接一个存储设备， 用以存储从广播网络或互联网中接收的信息。 另一方面， 用户终端内部还设置一个信息传送通道评估单元， 根据第二网络的各个信息传 送通道的回传信道实时评估信道的状况， 以选择最佳的信息传送通道。
作为本发明的另一方面，上述的这种地面广播电视网结构可以有 2种主要 的控制方式：
一种是用第二网络辅助广播电视网， 来实现协同覆盖功能。 具体来说， 用 户终端实时判断从广播网接收到的广播信息， 辨识广播信息中缺失的信号， 并 通过 3G、 LTE或 WiFi网络， 通过互联网向控制传输模块发送补发信号， 控制 传输模块再通过互联网， 通过 3G、 LTE或 WiFi网络向用户终端发送缺失的信 号。
另一种是用第二网络来控制广播电视网或第二网络本身。具体来说， 用户 终端通过 3G、 LTE或 WiFi网络， 通过互联网向控制传输模块发送点播控制信 号， 控制传输模块通过广播网， 或者仍然通过互联网， 通过 3G、 LTE或 WiFi 网络向用户终端发送点播内容。
下面通过实施例来说明本发明的 2种控制方式。
一方面， 用户通过广播网络接收并收看多媒体内容， 当由于信道环境恶化 导致通过广播网络接收的多媒体内容出现丢包现象时，可通过 3G、LTE或 Wifi 等无线网络，通过互联网互联网向控制和传输模块发出丢失内容部分的回传请 求 （简称丢包回传请求） ， 控制和传输模块模块在收到请求之后， 并随后按常 规准则 （比如对用户的请求按先到先处理准则） 、 或优先处理准则 （比如付费 用户、 高级用户优先准则） ， 向用户终端提供丢失内容部分的补传， 如果用户 请求需要等待， 则反馈给用户的控制信令为等待中， 如果用户请求直接可以处 理， 则返回已受理控制信令， 如果用户等待超过某设定值， 则返回无响应控制 信令。 该业务实现了异构网络与广播的协同覆盖， 以弥补广播网存在阴影丢包 的不足。
另一方面， 用户则可以通过 3G、 LTE或 Wifi等无线网络， 通过互联网向 控制和传输模块发送视频点播（VOD) 的请求， 控制和传输模块在接收到请求 之后， 控制广播链路传送的点播内容， 并将点播内容通过广播网及时传送给用 户， 满足用户终端的点播需求。 该功能将异构网络与广播网结合， 实现了用户 端双向传送的功能。
另外， 用户终端还可以通过 3G、 LTE或 Wifi等无线网络， 通过互联网向 控制和传输模块发出直接内容请求的服务， 该服务旨在用户终端可以直接从互 联网资源中获取内容， 控制和传输模块在接收到请求之后， 按正常规则 （比如 对用户的请求按先到先处理原则） 、 或优先处理原则 （比如付费用户、 高级用 户优先原则） ， 向用户终端直接提供内容服务。 控制信令也类似的为已受理、 等待中和无响应。
用户终端在选择 3G、 LTE或 Wifi接入方式的时候， 按照信道最佳准则， 用户终端根据 3G、 LTE或 Wifi的回传信道实时评估信道的状况， 以选择最佳 的交互方式。 当用户终端是移动设备， 需要进行网络切换时候， 也遵循信道最 佳准则进行切换。
本发明的地面数字电视网络结构主要适用于部分硬件环境收到限制的地 区， 例如在农村地带， 没有太多遮挡物， 信道环境相对比较简单。 在这种情况 下， 本发明的网络结构分为 2种情况：
当用户距离电视塔基站较近， 且具有可视距传输条件， 可以考虑在广播链 路的基础上增加直接回传上行链路。
当用户距离电视塔基站较远， 或者用户和电视塔基站之间没有视距传输 时， 可考虑在广播链路的基础上增加带中继的回传上行链路。
下面用 2个实施例来分别说明上述 2种情况下本发明的网络结构。
如图 4所示， 本发明的网络结构主要包括电视塔基站（例如广播信号电视 塔基站）和用户终端， 以及电视塔基站和用户终端之间的上行传输链路和下行 传输链路。 当用户距离电视塔基站较近， 且具有可视距传输条件时， 例如， 用 户在距离广播电视塔基站 10公里范围内， 可以考虑在广播链路的基础上增加 直接回传上行链路。
下行传输链路和上行传输链路采用 TDD和 FDD结合方式，使用与上行传 输链路不同的频段实现下行传输链路。下行传输链路中包含以广播形式给所有 用户的广播信息， 和以广播或定向发射方式给个别用户的专有信息， 主要通过 电视塔基站发射分集的方式来进行高码率信号的覆盖，适合于 SHDTV、 HDTV 和 3DTV等浸润式应用以及 Rich Media应用，而上行传输链路根据下行传输链 路给个别用户所指定的时间频率资源表信息进行接入。
上行传输链路的信号由用户终端采用定向发射方式进行传输，定向发射方 式包括定向天线或阵列天线的波束成型，可以使系统功率效率高、传输距离远、 安全。 上行传输链路突发传输的调制解调考虑峰均比较低的 PSK调制方法以 提高功率效率，采用多码率的 Turbo卷积码技术，采用易于捕获的长导引序列。 上行传输链路的 MAC层协议， 采用在有线电视里已被应用的 DOCSIS协议， 采用 "竞争和预留"相结合的资源分配方法， 对于类似 VOD请求的短数据业 务可以采用竞争的方法， 对于实时视频电话、 视频交互业务可以采用预留资源 的方法。 在帧结构中定义核心的信令帧： 测距帧和 MAP帧。 通过时隙和子载 波簇的划分可支持 TDMA、 OFDMA或 SC-FDMA多种多址方式。
如图 5所示， 当用户距离电视塔基站较远， 例如用户距离广播电视塔基站 10〜35公里范围时，其一般情况下因为遮挡而不存在视距路径 ( Light of Sight )， 在实施例 1的基础上，本发明采用带无线中继器网络结构的来扩大下行传输链 路的覆盖范围（无线中继器可存在多个，并不受限于图 5中所示的单个模式）。 通常无线中继器由一对背靠背的无线接入节点 AP (Access Point) 组成， 一个 用于接收， 一个用于发送。
具体来说， 无线中继器可以采用模拟同频转发、模拟差频转发、 数字同频 转发、 数字差频转发， 或利用蓝牙、 Wifi转发等各种无线转发方式中的一种或 几种。 电视塔基站向无线中继器发射广播信号， 无线中继器向用户终端转发广 播信号， 用户终端向无线中继器传输上行传输链路的信号， 无线中继器向电视 塔基站转发上行传输链路的信号。
同样， 在上行传输链路的传送途径中没有视距传输时， 也可以考虑采用图 5的带无线中继器的回传上行链路来实现用户终端和电视塔基站之间的上行传 输链路。 通过选择低星座图低码率的编码也可以进一步提高上行覆盖的范围， 从而增强直接回传上行链路的能力。
由上述的叙述可知， 实施本发明的电视塔基站内设有接收装置 （未图示） 和发送装置（未图示） ， 所述发送装置以第一频率向所述用户终端以广播形式 发送信息， 所述接收装置以第二频率接收所述用户终端的传输的信息， 并且所 述发送装置以广播形式发送的信息包括给所有用户的广播信息和给个别用户 的专有信息， 而所述接收装置根据所述用户终端的时间频率资源表信息来接收 所述用户终端传输的信息。
同时， 实施本发明的用户终端也包括接收装置（未图示）和发送装置（未 图示），所述接收装置以第一频率接收所述电视塔基站以广播形式发送的信息， 并且该发送装置以第二频率向所述电视塔基站发送信息， 并且所述用户终端采 用定向发射方式向所述电视塔基站发送信息，所述定向发射方式包括定向天线 或阵列天线的波束成型。
所属领域的技术人员应当认识到，以上的说明书仅是本发明众多实施例中 的一种或几种实施方式， 而并非用对本发明的限定。 任何对于以上所述实施例 的均等变化、变型以及等同替代等技术方案，只要符合本发明的实质精神范围， 都将落在本发明的权利要求书所保护的范围内。

Claims

1 . 一种用户终端， 其特征在于： 该用户终端包括第一接收模块与第二接 收模块， 其中第一接收模块用于与宽带通信网连接， 而第二接收模块用于与数 字电视广播系统连接， 该用户终端可以通过第二接收模块接收数字电视广播系 统传送的信息索引， 并依据该信息索引通过第一接收模块从宽带通信网取得对 应的信息内容。
2. 如权利要求 1 所述的用户终端， 其特征在于， 该用户终端通过第二接 收模块接收数字电视广播系统传送的内容并根据用户行为习惯来选择性的存 储和推荐。
3. 如权利要求 2所述的用户终端， 其特征在于： 该用户终端可以直接通 过第一接收模块从宽带通信网取得信息内容。
4. 如权利要求 1 所述的用户终端， 其特征在于： 该宽带通信网设有一距 离该用户终端距离最近的边缘服务器， 该用户终端通过边缘服务器与该宽带通 信网连接。
5. 如权利要求 2所述的用户终端， 其特征在于： 该与宽带通信网协同的 数字电视广播系统与一内容聚类处理服务器连接， 该内容聚类服务器从多个数 据来源中将高热度的内容挑选出来并形成索引，通过该数字电视广播系统与第 二接收模块将该高热度内容的索引发送至用户终端， 该用户终端根据该高热度 内容的索引， 并通过第一接收模块从边缘服务器上取得对应的该高热度内容。
6. 如权利要求 2所述的用户终端， 其特征在于： 该用户终端与数字电视 广播系统之间通过无线数字广播连接。
7. 如权利要求 5所述的用户终端， 其特征在于： 该用户终端根据用户行 为习惯来选择性的将一些高热度内容从边缘服务器下载至该用户终端中， 并向 使用者进行推荐。
8. 一种与宽带通信网协同的数字电视广播系统， 用于向用户终端提供信 息， 其特征在于： 该宽带通信网包括距离用户终端最近的边缘服务器， 该用户 终端与该边缘服务器之间设有双向信息通道， 该数字电视广播系统与该边缘服 务器及该用户终端之间均设有广播信息通道。
9. 如权利要求 8所述的与宽带通信网协同的数字电视广播系统， 其特征 在于： 该与宽带通信网协同的数字电视广播系统与一内容聚类服务器连接， 该 内容聚类服务器从多个数据来源中根据多媒体内容的来源渠道、 内容与用户的 关联度分析与预测、 以及用户对内容的点击响应等反馈信息来进行内容的聚类 分析， 将该多媒体内容区分为高热度的内容与普通的内容， 将高热度的内容挑 选出来， 并对该高热度的内容进行分类和编目。
10. 如权利要求 9所述的与宽带通信网协同的数字电视广播系统，其特征 在于： 该内容聚类服务器通过该数字电视广播系统将该高热度的内容通过该数 字电视广播系统与边缘服务器之间的信息通道发送至该边缘服务器。
1 1 . 如权利要求 9所述的与宽带通信网协同的数字电视广播系统，其特征 在于： 该数字电视广播系统将该高热度的内容或其编目通过该数字电视广播系 统与用户终端之间的信息通道直接发送至该用户终端。
12. 如权利要求 9所述的与宽带通信网协同的数字电视广播系统，其特征 在于： 该数字电视广播系统将该高热度内容或其编目通过该数字电视广播系统 与用户终端之间的信息通道发送至该用户终端， 该用户终端根据该高热度内容 的编目，通过该用户终端与边缘服务器的信息通道从该边缘服务器取得对应的 高热度内容。
13. 如权利要求 9所述的与宽带通信网协同的数字电视广播系统，其特征 在于： 该内容聚类服务器将所有的内容发送给该宽带通信网， 该用户终端通过 该用户终端与边缘服务器的信息通道与该宽带通信网连接。
14. 如权利要求 9所述的与宽带通信网协同的数字电视广播系统，其特征 在于： 该数字电视广播系统与边缘服务器之间的信息通道是有线数字广播、 卫 星数字广播、 或地面数字广播。
15. 如权利要求 9所述的与宽带通信网协同的数字电视广播系统，其特征 在于： 该数字电视广播系统与用户终端之间的信息通道为无线数字广播。
16. 如权利要求 8所述的与宽带通信网协同的数字电视广播系统，其特征 在于： 该数字电视广播系统与该边缘服务器及该用户终端之间的信息通道是同 一物理信道上的两个逻辑通道。
17. 如权利要求 8所述的与宽带通信网协同的数字电视广播系统，其特征 在于： 该数字电视广播系统与该边缘服务器及该用户终端之间的信息通道是两 个不同的物理信道。
18. 一种信息传输网络， 用于向用户终端提供信息， 其特征在于： 该信息 传输网络包括宽带通信网与数字电视广播系统， 该宽带通信网包括距离用户终 端最近的边缘服务器， 该用户终端与该边缘服务器之间设有双向信息通道， 而 该数字电视广播系统与该边缘服务器及该用户终端之间均设有广播信息通道。
19. 如权利要求 18所述的信息传输网络， 其特征在于： 该信息传输网络 还包括一内容聚类服务器， 该内容聚类服务器与该宽带通信网及该数字电视广 播系统连接， 该内容聚类服务器从多个数据来源中对多媒体内容的来源渠道、 内容与用户的关联度分析与预测、 以及用户对内容的点击响应等反馈信息来进 行内容的聚类分析， 将该多媒体内容分为高热度的内容与普通的内容， 将高热 度的内容挑选出来， 并对该高热度的内容进行分类和编目。
20. 如权利要求 19所述的信息传输网络， 其特征在于： 该内容聚类服务 器通过该数字电视广播系统将该高热度的内容通过该数字电视广播系统与边 缘服务器之间的信息通道发送至该边缘服务器。
21 . 如权利要求 19所述的信息传输网络， 其特征在于： 该数字电视广播 系统将该高热度的内容或其编目通过该数字电视广播系统与用户终端之间的 信息通道直接发送至该用户终端。
22. 如权利要求 19所述的信息传输网络， 其特征在于： 该数字电视广播 系统将该高热度内容或其编目通过该数字电视广播系统与用户终端之间的信 息通道发送至该用户终端， 该用户终端根据该高热度内容的编目， 通过该用户 终端与边缘服务器的信息通道从该边缘服务器取得对应的高热度内容。
23. 如权利要求 19所述的信息传输网络， 其特征在于： 该内容聚类服务 器将所有的内容发送给该宽带通信网， 该用户终端通过该用户终端与边缘服务 器的信息通道与该宽带通信网连接。
24. 如权利要求 19所述的信息传输网络， 其特征在于： 该数字电视广播 系统与边缘服务器之间的信息通道是有线数字广播、 卫星数字广播、 或地面数 字广播。
25. 如权利要求 19所述的信息传输网络， 其特征在于： 该数字电视广播 系统与用户终端之间的信息通道为无线数字广播。
26. 如权利要求 18所述的信息传输网络， 其特征在于： 该数字电视广播 系统与该边缘服务器及该用户终端之间的信息通道是同一物理信道上的两个 逻辑通道。
27. 如权利要求 18所述的信息传输网络， 其特征在于： 该数字电视广播 系统与该边缘服务器及该用户终端之间的信息通道是两个不同的物理信道。
28. 一种数字电视异构网络结构， 用于向用户终端提供数字电视内容， 其 特征在于： 该数字电视异构网络结构包括一控制传输模块、 广播电视网及第二 网络， 其中该广播电视网与该第二网络均与该控制传输模块连接， 该广播电视 网为单向传输网络， 直接向用户终端发送数字电视内容， 而该第二网络为双向 网络， 向该用户终端传输数字电视内容， 并传输该用户终端与该控制传输模块 之间的控制信息， 该控制传输模块分配通过该广播电视网与该第二网络传输的 数字电视内容。
29. 如权利要求 28所述的数字电视异构网络结构， 其特征在于： 该广播 电视网还包括一复用和分发模块， 该复用与分发模块与控制传输模块连接， 用 于对控制传输模块输出的内容进行频道复用和内容分发；
该频道复用是指，多个内容可按不同的时间顺序占用同一个频道资源或者 多个内容可按不同的频道资源占用同一块时间资源。
30. 如权利要求 28所述的数字电视异构网络结构， 其特征在于： 该控制 信息包括 VOD请求、 广播内容重传请求、 直接视频内容请求。
31. 如权利要求 28所述的数字电视异构网络结构， 其特征在于： 该数字 电视内容包括广播内容和用户终端的 VOD内容。
32. 如权利要求 28所述的数字电视异构网络结构， 其特征在于： 该第二 网络包括 3G、 LTE、 WiFi网络及互联网， 3G、 LTE、 WiFi网络分别与用户终 端、 互联网连接， 用户终端通过 3G、 LTE、 WiFi网络将控制信息、 视频内容 上传到互联网。 互联网通过 3G、 LTE、 WiFi网络将来自该控制传输模块的反 馈信息、 广播重传内容、 直接视频内容传输至该用户终端； 该反馈信息包括 VOD请求受理、 等待、 超时， 广播内容重传请求受理、 等待、 超时， 直接内容请求受理、 等待、 超时。
33. 如权利要求 28所述的数字电视异构网络结构， 其特征在于： 该用户 终端还包括一存储设备，存储该广播电视网或该第二网络传输至该用户终端的 数字电视内容。
34. 如权利要求 28所述的数字电视异构网络结构， 其特征在于： 该广播 电视网结构还包括一内容分类和制做模块， 与该控制传输模块相连， 对获取的 数字电视内容进行分类， 并进一步为每个多媒体内容制做索引标签。
35. 如权利要求 28所述的数字电视异构网络结构， 其特征在于： 该广播 电视网结构还包括一内容获取模块， 与该内容分类和制做模块相连， 通过各种 渠道获得数字电视内容。
36. 如权利要求 28所述的数字电视异构网络结构， 其特征在于： 该第二 网络具有多个信息传送通道， 而该用户终端包括一信息传送通道评估单元， 该 信息传送通道评估单元根据各个信息传送通道的回传信道实时评估信道的状 况， 以选择最佳的信息传送通道。
37. 一种地面数字电视网络结构， 其特征是， 该地面数字电视网络结构包 括：
电视塔基站和用户终端；
所述电视塔基站和所述用户终端之间采用第一频率的下行传输链路和第 二频率的上行传输链路。
38. 如权利要求 37所述的地面数字电视网络结构， 其特征是， 所述下行 传输链路中包含以广播形式给所有用户的广播信息，和以广播或定向发射方式 给个别用户的专有信息； 所述上行传输链路根据所述下行传输链路给个别用户 所指定的时间频率资源表信息进行接入。
39. 如权利要求 38所述的地面数字电视网络结构， 其特征是， 所述上行 传输链路的信号由所述用户终端采用定向发射方式进行传输；
所述定向发射方式包括定向天线或阵列天线的波束成型。
40. 如权利要求 37所述的地面数字电视网络结构， 其特征是， 还包括无 线中继器；
所述电视塔基站向所述无线中继器发射广播信号，所述无线中继器向所述 用户终端转发所述广播信号；
所述用户终端向所述无线中继器传输上行传输链路的信号，所述无线中继 器向所述电视塔基站转发所述上行传输链路的信号。
41 . 如权利要求 40所述的地面数字电视网络结构， 其特征是： 所述无线中继器为一对背靠背的无线接入节点，一个用于接收，一个用于 发送；
所述无线中继器采用模拟同频转发、模拟差频转发、 数字同频转发、 数字 差频转发， 或利用蓝牙、 Wifi转发。
42. 一种电视塔基站， 用于同用户终端收发信号， 其特征在于： 所述电视塔基站包括接收装置和发送装置，所述发送装置以第一频率向所 述用户终端发送信息，所述接收装置以第二频率接收所述用户终端的传输的信 息。
43. 如权利要求 42所述的电视塔基站， 其特征在于， 所述发送装置发送 的信息包括以广播形式给所有用户的广播信息，和以广播或定向发射方式给个 别用户的专有信息。
44. 如权利要求 42所述的电视塔基站， 其特征在于， 所述接收装置根据 所述用户终端的时间频率资源表信息来接收所述用户终端传输的信息。
45. 一种用户终端， 用于同电视塔基站收发信号， 其特征在于： 所述用户终端包括接收装置和发送装置，所述接收装置以第一频率接收所 述电视塔基站发送的信息， 并且该发送装置以第二频率向所述电视塔基站发送
I Ή自、
46. 如权利要求 45所述的用户终端， 其特征在于， 所述用户终端采用定 向发射方式向所述电视塔基站发送信息，所述定向发射方式包括定向天线或阵 列天线的波束成型。
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