WO2014000012A1 - Détection d'œdèmes des membres inférieurs - Google Patents
Détection d'œdèmes des membres inférieurs Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014000012A1 WO2014000012A1 PCT/AT2013/050131 AT2013050131W WO2014000012A1 WO 2014000012 A1 WO2014000012 A1 WO 2014000012A1 AT 2013050131 W AT2013050131 W AT 2013050131W WO 2014000012 A1 WO2014000012 A1 WO 2014000012A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- foot
- line
- body part
- point
- lower leg
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/107—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof
- A61B5/1072—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof measuring distances on the body, e.g. measuring length, height or thickness
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/107—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof
- A61B5/1073—Measuring volume, e.g. of limbs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/107—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof
- A61B5/1074—Foot measuring devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/107—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof
- A61B5/1075—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof for measuring dimensions by non-invasive methods, e.g. for determining thickness of tissue layer
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/107—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof
- A61B5/1079—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof using optical or photographic means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/48—Other medical applications
- A61B5/4869—Determining body composition
- A61B5/4875—Hydration status, fluid retention of the body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/48—Other medical applications
- A61B5/4869—Determining body composition
- A61B5/4875—Hydration status, fluid retention of the body
- A61B5/4878—Evaluating oedema
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01G—WEIGHING
- G01G19/00—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups
- G01G19/44—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for weighing persons
- G01G19/50—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for weighing persons having additional measuring devices, e.g. for height
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2505/00—Evaluating, monitoring or diagnosing in the context of a particular type of medical care
- A61B2505/07—Home care
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2576/00—Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis
- A61B2576/02—Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis specially adapted for a particular organ or body part
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/1032—Determining colour for diagnostic purposes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H30/00—ICT specially adapted for the handling or processing of medical images
- G16H30/40—ICT specially adapted for the handling or processing of medical images for processing medical images, e.g. editing
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 10.
- a measurement of the lower legs or feet of a person takes place, wherein the geometry of the respective body part is measured with the aid of cameras in order to detect early leg edema.
- the geometry of the respective body part is measured with the aid of cameras in order to detect early leg edema.
- Heart failure is a serious disease of the heart, in which the heart is hardly able to pump enough blood through the body as a result of pre-existing conditions.
- One of the consequences of heart failure may be fluid accumulation in the patient's legs (right heart failure) or in the lungs (left heart failure) (lung or leg edema).
- Such edema is a symptom which indicates serious physiological problems and generally requires increased therapy and control by the physician. Early detection of such edema may help the physician to initiate the necessary therapy in time to prevent serious cardiac derailment.
- Edema can be detected in different ways.
- a somewhat specific but relatively sensitive approach is the regular control of patient body weight.
- the fluid accumulated in the legs or lungs causes an imbalance in the fluid balance of the patient: less fluid is excreted. This leads to an increase in weight of the patient.
- Typical values would be weight gains of about 2 kg within 2 days.
- the problem is that such weight fluctuations can also be triggered by numerous other causes, e.g. changed eating and drinking behavior.
- Another method for detecting edema is based on the fact that different tissues have different electrical properties, in particular impedances.
- impedance measurement e.g. the proportion of fatty tissue, muscle tissue, air (in the lungs) or water in the body can be estimated.
- impedance detection can also be used to detect edema.
- Heart failure patients can also be cared for with the help of home monitoring systems.
- attempts are made to use the above-mentioned methods For the detection of edema not only once at the doctor, but regularly applied to the patient at home. The weight is measured once a day by the patients and these weight values are transmitted to a data center. Frequently, other parameters are also recorded, such as blood pressure, heart rate (pulse), well-being, medication, etc. If edema forms in the legs or lungs of the patient, this is often accompanied by an increase in weight and / or a change other parameters (blood pressure, heart rate, etc.).
- the fluid accumulation in the legs changes the shape of the legs - they swell. This swelling of the legs can be detected by various measuring methods.
- Optical 3D scanners or 3D image acquisition units are devices that record three-dimensional images of objects using stereoscopic images can. Such devices are used in medicine for numerous tasks and can also be used advantageously in the context of the present invention.
- Kinect Under the trade name Kinect a 3D camera (RGB-D camera) is sold, which was actually developed as a controller for a game console. Due to its spatial resolution of 640 x 480 pixels and a depth resolution of 11-bit, the field of view gives an accuracy of approx. 1mm.
- Body carts with integrated impedance measurement are used today to determine body fat percentage. Usually the impedance of the tissue between left and right foot is measured. With the currently available sensors and evaluation can indeed in many
- the detection is not yet sufficiently accurate, it is often only at a time when the formation of edema is very advanced and is usually not suitable for use in homemonitoring scenarios.
- the primary object of the invention is to determine the change in the
- Another specific object of the invention is to be able to detect leg edema early and with high accuracy or to detect heart failure.
- a device of The aforementioned type is characterized according to the invention with the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 10.
- geometric parameters are specified or determined on the foot or on the leg and the temporal change of these parameters is observed. In the case of changes in the characteristic, these can be recorded and evaluated in a corresponding manner.
- variables are used as parameters, which are primarily influenced by the accumulation of water in the respective body part.
- the selected output quantities or measuring points and measuring lines should be as strong as possible and the selected reference quantities or reference points, reference lines and reference planes should be influenced as little as possible by water accumulation or be fixed points.
- the repetition of the measurement to determine how the parameters have changed can be done regularly or irregularly at predetermined times. As a rule, relative changes in the accumulation of water are found. If a calibration is carried out with reference to a given or volume-determined water accumulation as initial measurement, a quantitative statement can also be made about accumulated quantities of water.
- a point lying in the instep area of the foot or a line or curve lying in the instep area of the foot is selected as the measuring point or measuring line and / or
- a line or curve extending from the ankle and / or the outermost ankle lift to the lower calf end on the inner side of the lower leg is selected as the measurement line and / or
- Measuring points or measuring lines which lie in the instep area, give a good statement, since the instep area increases or swells predestined with water accumulation in the legs. Also, the inside of the lower leg in the area from the ankle up to the lower end of the calf is subject to a characteristic change, as long as water accumulates in the leg.
- the upper calf portion is predestined by water accumulation in the leg affected.
- the circumference of the lower leg in the calf area can be measured on the given height range.
- Changes in the parameter, which serves as an output variable and is used as a reference value for further measurements ie changes in the scope compared to Initial size, ie compared to a detected the lower leg surrounding measuring line, give a statement about water retention in the leg.
- the reference point used is that of the foot point on the sole of the foot or of the supporting plane of a foot perpendicular to the sole of the foot or to the supporting plane through the measuring point lying on the surface of the instep, and / or
- a reference line is determined by drawing a connecting line lying on the inner side of the lower leg between the outermost ankle elevation and the lower end of the calf or between the endpoints of a fixed measuring line or curve lying on the inner side of the lower leg from the outermost ankle elevation to lower end point of the calf runs and / or
- a reference plane is determined by determining a plane containing the heel surface and the toe or ball surfaces of the foot, or by using the foot elevation plane as the reference plane, and / or
- a reference line is determined by a, possibly approximated by a circular line, peripheral line of the lower leg on a height range of about 60 to 70% of the lower leg, calculated from the sole of the foot or the foot level is determined.
- a reference point for a measurement point or a measurement line on the instep is either a point on the base of the foot or a point on the sole of the foot. Such points are advantageously determined by forming a vertical line through the respective measuring point or by projecting the measuring line onto the sole of the foot or onto the foot point.
- a reference line for the lying on the inside of the leg measurement line can advantageously be used a straight line which connects the end points of the measurement line.
- the distance between the two lines in particular the maximum distance and / or the area enclosed by the two lines, gives a statement about the accumulation of water.
- the height of the measuring point in the instep area above its foot point on the sole of the foot or above its base on the supporting level is determined and used and / or
- the maximum distance or area between the measuring line through the measuring points between the area of the outermost elevation of the inner ankle and the lower one End area of the calf on the inside of the lower leg and one of these two areas or the outermost measuring points connecting lines is determined and used and / or
- the circumferential line ascertained in the case of a subsequent measurement of time can be used as a measuring line and the difference to an already established circumferential line in the circumference or in the radius or in the enclosed area can be used as a parameter. It could also be the average distance of the circumference related to the foot axis used to determine the characteristic. It is advantageous, however, if the first defined circumferential line around the calf area is used as the reference line and the position or the distance of a peripheral line obtained in the following measurements is used as a measuring line to this reference line for evaluation.
- a point cloud is created for the three-dimensional image of the surface of the recorded body part obtained with the three-dimensional image recording method or the surface is simulated with a point cloud and the output variable and reference variable are formed based on the points of this point cloud.
- Such a formation of a point cloud with the 3D cameras used according to the invention is not a problem for the expert in the field of image analysis and is achieved by conventional means.
- the selection of the measuring points and measuring lines or of the reference points, reference lines and reference planes from this point cloud can be done either by manual input or selection or with appropriate programs, the point cloud from the desired points due to certain predetermined or existing characteristics for these points can determine.
- the ankle lift, the end points of the toes, the heel, the heel and ball surfaces or the contours of the sole or of the foot and the lower leg can be used. It is an advantage if
- the measurement point is selected from a subset of the point cloud, the subset comprising the points located in the instep region of the foot and the foot points located on the sole or footprint of the foot from the perpendicular through the measurement point to the sole of the foot or to the footprint; /or the measurement line or curve is formed with points of the cloud of points lying on the inside of the leg in the area between the elevation of the inner malleolus and the area of the lower end of the calf, and / or
- the measurement line formed by a circumferential line around the lower leg is formed with points of the point cloud which lie in a peripheral region of the lower leg, the peripheral region being in a range of 60 to 75% of the height of the lower leg measured from the contact surface of the foot or the sole of the foot , lies.
- the weight of the person to be measured is determined and evaluated together with at least one parameter. Furthermore, it is also possible that characteristics determined in the individual determination processes are compared with one another and / or with predetermined threshold values. Even so, the significance of the measurements made can be increased.
- a further improvement can be achieved in that the color information of the image of the body part, in particular the mutual ratio of red, blue and yellow light, determined and evaluated together with at least one parameter and / or determined by image recording in the infrared range temperature information of the body part and be evaluated together with at least one characteristic.
- the color information of the image of the body part in particular the mutual ratio of red, blue and yellow light, determined and evaluated together with at least one parameter and / or determined by image recording in the infrared range temperature information of the body part and be evaluated together with at least one characteristic.
- the skin is purple to reddish.
- red discoloration indicates inflammatory processes. If the color is brown, venous insufficiency may be the cause of any volume changes.
- the image recording in addition to visible also uses infrared light
- the image data on the temperature of the leg can be closed. This can also distinguish between edema of cardiac cause and, for example: inflammatory processes (which are associated with an increase in temperature in the affected areas).
- the sensor can also be improved by the device having at least one temperature sensor and / or at least one pressure sensor on the base on which the person is located during the measurement, and the values of the distance and / or position determination unit obtained by these sensors for evaluation and / or storage are supplied.
- the accuracy of the change detection can be improved.
- the support surface can be recognized, which in the case of edema enlarged due to the swelling.
- temperature measurement for example, the distinction of inflammatory processes can be improved.
- the method is used to determine the occurrence and / or the change and / or the assessment of the change in edema in the foot and / or lower leg and / or of cardiac insufficiency.
- a point cloud generator is connected to the image recording unit, which uses the image recorded by the body part to create a point cloud encompassing or representing the points of the surface of the body part and to produce output quantities and reference variables based on the points of the point cloud, and
- a distance and / or position determination unit for determining the position and / or the distance of an output variable, namely a measurement point and / or a measurement line or curve of a reference variable, namely a reference point and / or a reference line or curve and / or a reference plane possesses, wherein the determination of the distance and / or the position is carried out with mathematical or statistical algorithms and a change of the distance and / or the position as a parameter and measure of the water accumulation in the body part and / or is available for the volume of water of the body part for output and / or storage in a memory.
- Such a device is simple in construction and easy to operate or can be realized by the person skilled in the art with methods, programs and components known in the field of image processing.
- the device has a comparator for detecting and / or displaying changes in the parameters recorded in successive determination operations or in measurements taken in temporal succession.
- the efficiency of the device is increased when the device is connected to a balance or integrated into a balance or placed on a balance so that it is easy for a user to be able to determine and evaluate both the measures regarding the change in the accumulation of water and its weight , Thus, the person using the scale can be informed simultaneously about the change in the accumulation of water and its weight.
- the device according to the invention can be integrated into a balance or combined with it to form a structural unit, wherein the weight measured values as well as the characteristic quantities can be stored and / or displayed. It is expedient if the device according to the invention has a memory for the The initial values and / or the dimensions and / or the reference variables already obtained by the person to be measured have in order to avoid a remeasurement for subsequent measurements can.
- the device according to the invention has a storage unit for the recorded images.
- Any desired 3D cameras or optical sensors which are sensitive to at least one color spectrum may be used as image recording units. These cameras or sensors are arranged separately from one another in a corresponding spatial arrangement in order to be able to record three-dimensional images.
- Image in particular a grid, projected onto the leg to be measured in order to make better the finding and determination of the output quantities and reference variables.
- the cameras can be arranged in different locations and record the leg from different perspectives; Such images can also be done by means arranged in spatially different positions mirror with a camera. The captured images are then assembled into a 3D image.
- the device according to the invention with a balance in such a way that the image recording is triggered by the weight measurement and is then carried out when it has been recognized by the balance that the body is no longer moving.
- the output variables or reference variables can be determined on the body part of the person to be examined, for example by marking with markers which adhere to the body surface and remain recognizable.
- markings can also be applied to the device or the footprint area for the foot, wherein such markings can be easily recognized by the image processing units used.
- Fig. 1 shows schematically a lower leg or foot and a schematically illustrated device according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a possibility for determining output and reference variables or the geometric parameters.
- Fig. 3 shows another way to
- Fig. 1 shows a possible embodiment of the invention. Shown are a lower leg 1 and a foot of a person.
- the height A of the metatarsus or Ristes is with a device according to the invention, the image pickup unit 3 or Sensor unit comprises, measured and transmitted as a measure of a water accumulation to a memory unit 4, in which this parameter is stored.
- a number of measurements are taken at intervals and in a comparison unit 5 the measured values can be compared with each other. Based on the comparison, the change in water accumulation in the leg is deduced and, as shown in Fig. 8, it can be decided whether the person's leg has edema or not or whether heart failure is present.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 show possibilities for determining the geometric parameters.
- Reference quantities are searched for and e.g. marked reference points 22, 23, 24, 29, 30, 32, 35 fixed to the foot and / or lower leg, which are a reference size, e.g. form a riot level or reference plane 25.
- the distinctive points may be specifically color-coded or tattooed, or they may be defined as uniquely identifiable locations on the foot when the images are taken, for example the tip 24 of a toe, the innermost point 23 between two toes, a distinctive point of a toenail, the outermost point 29 of the inner ankle elevation 32, the inner lowest point 22 of the heel surface, etc.
- Another prominent point 27 can be searched at the metatarsus; the normal distance A of this point 27 to the reference plane 25 is used as a parameter.
- Reference quantities or output variables can also be derived from striking reference variables or output variables. For example, the intersection between the shortest connections between two distinctive points can be determined. The point 27 at the metatarsus could e.g. as the point of intersection between the connection of the foremost point 24 of the innermost (largest) toe with the outermost point of the lateral malleolus with the connection between the foremost point of the outermost toe and the innermost point 29 of the medial malleolus 32.
- three marked points 33, 34, 35 are drawn on a lower leg 31, seen from the rear, above the inner ankle 32. These points and any other points lying therebetween on the surface of the skin are determined or specified, and the curvature of the measurement line or curve defined by these points is determined and used as a parameter.
- a triangle can also be placed through the three points and the height of this triangle can be determined as a parameter, ie the normal distance of the point 34 from the straight line 38 passing through the points 33 and 35.
- the measurement of the circumference of the lower leg is shown in a predetermined height H above the plateau or reference plane 25 of the leg.
- a circumferential line 36 is determined or measured, and the change in the circumferential line with respect to the radius and / or diameter and / or relative position to the foot axis with measurements taken in temporal succession is used as a parameter.
- the outlines of the leg illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3 could already represent abstracted views of the recorded 3D images, namely point clouds or sections through point clouds extracted from the recorded three-dimensional images, in these images the corresponding points 2, 37 , 27, 22, 23, 24, 29, 32, 33, 34, 35 are marked and used for the respective successive measurements.
- a storage of these points can be done in the memory unit 4.
- the recording and the storage of the reference points or reference lines or reference planes are advantageous for successive measurements in order to always be able to create the same starting position for successive measurements and to be able to detect the position or the distance or a change of these parameters relative to this starting position.
- the reference points or reference lines or reference planes can lie on the leg, but also on the measuring device itself or in the surroundings thereof, in particular on the stand surface.
- the measurement and reference lines can have any predefined course and be formed by straight lines or curves.
Abstract
L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de déterminer un changement de rétention d'eau dans une partie du corps, à savoir dans le pied et/ou dans la jambe (1). Des représentations tridimensionnelles de la partie du corps sont élaborées au moyen d'au moins une unité de prise de vues (3) et sont évaluées. Selon l'invention, au moins une grandeur de départ située à la surface de la partie du corps, à savoir un point de mesure (27, 29) et/ou une ligne ou une courbe de mesure (33, 34, 35) est sélectionnée et est établie sur la base des représentations de la partie du corps. Au moins un paramètre dépendant du volume de la partie du corps et par conséquent de la rétention d'eau, à savoir la position et/ou l'écart (A) entre la grandeur de départ et au moins une grandeur de référence sélectionnée parmi les représentations enregistrées ou une grandeur de référence établie dans ces représentations, à savoir un point de référence (37), une ligne ou une courbe de référence (38) et/ou un plan de référence (25), est déterminé. La détermination du paramètre est répétée une fois un certain laps de temps écoulé, en particulier au cours de la même procédure, et une variation de ce paramètre se traduit par une modification de la rétention d'eau dans la partie du corps.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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ATA727/2012 | 2012-06-28 | ||
ATA727/2012A AT513091B1 (de) | 2012-06-28 | 2012-06-28 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Veränderung einer Wasseransammlung in einem Körperteil |
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WO2014000012A1 true WO2014000012A1 (fr) | 2014-01-03 |
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PCT/AT2013/050131 WO2014000012A1 (fr) | 2012-06-28 | 2013-06-28 | Détection d'œdèmes des membres inférieurs |
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AT (1) | AT513091B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2014000012A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN108778097A (zh) * | 2016-02-25 | 2018-11-09 | 三星电子株式会社 | 用于评估心力衰竭的装置和方法 |
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GB2542114B (en) | 2015-09-03 | 2018-06-27 | Heartfelt Tech Limited | Method and apparatus for determining volumetric data of a predetermined anatomical feature |
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Cited By (1)
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CN108778097A (zh) * | 2016-02-25 | 2018-11-09 | 三星电子株式会社 | 用于评估心力衰竭的装置和方法 |
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