WO2013160418A1 - Novel compounds - Google Patents

Novel compounds Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013160418A1
WO2013160418A1 PCT/EP2013/058666 EP2013058666W WO2013160418A1 WO 2013160418 A1 WO2013160418 A1 WO 2013160418A1 EP 2013058666 W EP2013058666 W EP 2013058666W WO 2013160418 A1 WO2013160418 A1 WO 2013160418A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dimethylphenyl
methylpropyl
sulfonamide
benzene
hydroxy
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2013/058666
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Véronique Birault
Amanda Jennifer Campbell
Stephen Harrison
Joelle Le
Lena Shukla
Original Assignee
Glaxo Group Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB1207403.5A external-priority patent/GB201207403D0/en
Priority claimed from GB201304596A external-priority patent/GB201304596D0/en
Priority to US14/394,105 priority Critical patent/US9428452B2/en
Priority to SG11201406274VA priority patent/SG11201406274VA/en
Priority to MX2014012989A priority patent/MX2014012989A/en
Priority to MA37440A priority patent/MA37440B1/en
Priority to CA2871534A priority patent/CA2871534A1/en
Priority to AU2013254657A priority patent/AU2013254657B2/en
Priority to EA201491973A priority patent/EA026102B1/en
Priority to CN201380030130.3A priority patent/CN104379559B/en
Application filed by Glaxo Group Limited filed Critical Glaxo Group Limited
Priority to JP2015507543A priority patent/JP6182594B2/en
Priority to BR112014026881A priority patent/BR112014026881A2/en
Priority to EP13718590.6A priority patent/EP2841416A1/en
Priority to KR1020147029612A priority patent/KR20150013463A/en
Publication of WO2013160418A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013160418A1/en
Priority to IL235020A priority patent/IL235020A0/en
Priority to CR20140493A priority patent/CR20140493A/en
Priority to PH12014502414A priority patent/PH12014502414A1/en
Priority to HK15102256.8A priority patent/HK1201819A1/en
Priority to US15/196,156 priority patent/US20160304478A1/en

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    • C07D295/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms
    • C07D295/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by doubly bound oxygen or sulphur atoms
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    • C07D295/116—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by doubly bound oxygen or sulphur atoms with the ring nitrogen atoms and the doubly bound oxygen or sulfur atoms separated by carbocyclic rings or by carbon chains interrupted by carbocyclic rings with the doubly bound oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached to a carbocyclic ring
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    • C07D491/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to novel retinoid-related orphan receptor gamma (RORy) modulators, processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing these modulators, and their use in the treatment of inflammatory, metabolic and autoimmune diseases mediated by RORy.
  • RORy retinoid-related orphan receptor gamma
  • Retinoid-related orphan receptors are transcription factors that form a subgroup of the nuclear receptor superfamily (Adv. Dev. Biol. 2006, 16, 313-355). This subgroup consists of three members: ROR alpha (RORa), ROR beta (RORP) and ROR gamma (RORy). RORa and ROR have approximately 55 % homology in the ligand binding domains to RORy. RORs contain four principal domains shared by the majority of nuclear receptors: an N-terminal A/B domain, a DNA-binding domain, a hinge domain and a ligand binding domain.
  • RORa, ROR and RORy genes have been mapped to human chromosomes 15q22.2, 9q21.13 and lq21.3, respectively. Each ROR gene generates several isoforms, which differ only in their N-terminal A/B domain. To date, five splice variants have been recorded for RORy and two isoforms of this member of the ROR family have been identified: RORyl and RORy2 (also known as RORyt). RORy is a term used to describe RORyl and/or RORyt.
  • RORyl is expressed in a variety of tissues including thymus, muscle, kidney and liver, RORyt is exclusively expressed in the cells of the immune system and has a critical role in thymopoiesis, development of several secondary lymphoid tissues and Thl7 lineage
  • Thl7 cells are a recently discovered subset of T helper cells which preferentially produce cytokines IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21 and IL-22. RORyt also induces transcription of the gene encoding IL-17A and IL-17F in naive CD4 + T helper cells, iNKT and NKT (Mucosal Immunol. 2009, 2(5), 383-392; J. Immunol. 2008, 180, 5167-5171), ⁇ cells (Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2010, 182, 464-476), CD8 + T cells (J.
  • CD4 " CD8TCRa + T cells J. Immunol. 2008, 181, 8761-8766. Additional immune cells such as eosinophils, neutrophils and macrophages can also be a source of IL-17A in allergic inflammation related to asthma ⁇ J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2001, 108, 430-438; J. Immunol. 2008, 181, 6117-6124; Immunity 2004, 21, 467-476).
  • Thl7 cells and their products have been shown to be associated with the pathology of a number of human inflammatory and autoimmune disorders.
  • IL-17A and IL-17F are implicated in numerous immune and inflammatory responses primarily as pro-inflammatory regulators inducing the expression of cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, mucin genes and growth factors.
  • cytokines cytokines
  • chemokines chemokines
  • adhesion molecules cytokines
  • mucin genes mucin genes and growth factors.
  • an increase in IL-17A level is closely associated with a range of chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis ⁇ Curr. Opin. Investig. Drugs 2009, 10, 452-462), multiple sclerosis (A/lergol. Int. 2008, 57(2), 115-120), inflammatory bowel diseases ⁇ J. Inflamm. Res.
  • Thl7 cells/ IL-17 play a key role in the pathogenesis of asthma.
  • both RORvt and IL-17A expression levels have been shown to be increased in sputum ⁇ Chin. Med. J. 2005, 118, 953-956; Resp. Res. 2006, 7(135), 1-9), lung ⁇ J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2003, 111(6), 1293-1298), bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids and peripheral blood ⁇ Immunol. Invest. 2009, 38, 652-664; Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. 2005, 137(suppl. 1), 51-54) and levels directly correlate with disease severity ⁇ Int. Arch.
  • Thl7 cells are one of the important drivers of the inflammatory process in tissue-specific autoimmunity ⁇ J. Exp. Med. 2008, 205, 1517-1522; Cell. Mol. Immunol. 2010, 7, 182-189).
  • Thl7 cells are activated during the disease process and are responsible for recruiting other inflammatory cells types, especially neutrophils, to mediate pathology in the target tissues ⁇ Annu. Rev. Immunol. 2009, 27, 485-517).
  • RORvt plays a critical role in the pathogenic responses of Thl7 cells (Ce//2006, 126, 1121-1133). RORvt deficient mice show very few Thl7 cells. Further support for the role of RORyt in the pathogensis of autoimmune or inflammatory diseases can be found in the following references: Immunity 2007, 26, 643-654; Nat. Rev.
  • RORY plays in the pathogenesis of diseases
  • compounds that modulate RORy activity and hence have utility in the treatment of inflammatory, metabolic and autoimmune diseases mediated by RORy, such as the respiratory diseases asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchitis, allergic diseases including allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis, cystic fibrosis and lung allograph rejection.
  • COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • bronchitis allergic diseases including allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis, cystic fibrosis and lung allograph rejection.
  • novel retinoid-related orphan receptor gamma (RORy) modulators processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions comprising these modulators, and their use in the treatment of inflammatory, metabolic and autoimmune diseases mediated by RORy. More specifically, the present invention is directed to compounds of formula (I), and to pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof:
  • Ri, R 2 , and R 5 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, Ci- 3 alkyl, Ci- 3 alkoxy, CF 3 , and halo;
  • R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, CH 3 , OCH 3 , CF 3 and halo;
  • R 6 is C 3 - 5 alkyl or -CH 2 C 3-4 cycloalkyl
  • R 7 is selected from the group consisting of:
  • each Rs is independently selected from the group consisting of halo, Ci -6 alkyl, Ci -6 alkoxy, C 3- ecycloalkyl, CN, OH, C(0)OH, C(0)OCi -3 alkyl and CH 2 OH;
  • R 9 is the group -(CHRi 0 )s-(X)t-(CHR 10 )u-Rii;
  • each R 10 is independently selected from H, CH 3 , OH and CH 2 OH;
  • X is CH 2 , NH or 0;
  • Rii is a heterocycloalkyl or C3 -6 cycloalkyl group which may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of CH 3 , OMe, OH, CH 2 OH and halo;
  • r 0, 1 or 2;
  • s 0, 1 or 2;
  • t is 0 or 1;
  • u 0, 1 or 2;
  • Ri 0 groups represent CH 3 , OH or CH 2 OH.
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a) a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and b) one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
  • the present invention provides a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in therapy.
  • Compounds of formula (I), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, are modulators of RORy and can be useful in the treatment of inflammatory, metabolic and autoimmune diseases mediated by RORy, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchitis, allergic diseases including allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis, cystic fibrosis, lung allograph rejection, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, Osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, Hashimoto's disease, pancreatisis, autoimmune diabetes, autoimmune ocular disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, inflammatory bowel disease (IBS), inflammatory bowel syndrome (IBD), Sjorgen's syndrome, optic neuritis, type I diabetes, neuromyelitis optica, Myasthenia Gravis, uveitis
  • the present invention provides a compound of formula (I), or a
  • the present invention provides a compound of formula (I), or a
  • the present invention is directed to a method of treatment of an
  • RORy inflammatory, metabolic or autoimmune disease mediated by RORy, which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof, a safe and therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the present invention is directed to a method of treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma, which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof, a safe and therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the present invention is directed to a method of treating psoriasis, which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof, a safe and therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the present invention is directed to the use of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the treatment of an inflammatory, metabolic or autoimmune disease mediated by RORy.
  • the present invention is directed to a compound of formula (I), or a
  • Ri, R 2 , and R 5 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, Ci- 3 alkyl, Ci- 3 alkoxy, CF 3 , and halo;
  • R3 and R 4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, CH 3 , OCH 3 , CF 3 and halo;
  • R 6 is C 3 - 5 alkyl or -CH 2 C 3 - 4 cycloalkyl
  • R is selected from the group consisting of:
  • each Rs is independently selected from the group consisting of halo, Ci -6 alkyl, Ci -6 alkoxy, C 3- ecycloalkyl, CN, OH, C(0)OH, C(0)OCi -3 alkyl and CH 2 OH;
  • R 9 is the group -(CHR 10 )s-(X)t-(CHR 10 )u-Rii;
  • each Rio is independently selected from H, CH 3 , OH and CH 2 OH;
  • X is CH 2 , NH or 0;
  • R11 is a heterocycloalkyl or C 3-6 cycloalkyl group which may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of CH , OMe, OH,
  • r 0, 1 or 2;
  • s 0, 1 or 2;
  • t is 0 or 1;
  • u 0, 1 or 2;
  • the present invention is directed to a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
  • Ri, R 2 , and R 5 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, Ci- 3 alkyl, Ci- 3 alkoxy, CF 3 , and halo;
  • R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, CH , OCH , CF and halo;
  • R 6 is C 3-5 alkyl or -CH 2 C 3-4 cycloalkyl
  • R is selected from the group consisting of:
  • each Rs is independently selected from the group consisting of halo, Ci -6 alkyl, Ci -6 alkoxy, C 3- ecycloalkyl, CN, OH, C(0)OH, C(0)OC 1-3 alkyl and CH 2 OH;
  • R 9 is the group -(GHRio) s -(X) t -(CHR 10 )u-Rii;
  • each R 10 is independently selected from H, CH , OH and CH 2 OH;
  • X is CH 2 , NH or 0;
  • Rii is a heterocycloalkyl or C 3-6 cycloalkyl group which may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of CH 3 , OMe, OH, CH 2 OH and halo;
  • r 0, 1 or 2;
  • s 0, 1 or 2;
  • t is 0 or 1;
  • u is 0, 1 or 2; with the proviso that no more than two Rio groups represent CH 3 , OH or CH 2 OH, and with the further proviso that Ri, R 2 , R3, R ⁇ and R 5 are not all H.
  • the present invention provides subsets of the compounds of formula (I), of formula (la - Ig), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
  • the present invention provides subsets of the compounds of formula (I), of formula (la - Ic), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
  • the present invention provides a subset of compounds of formula (I), of formula (la), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
  • the present invention provides a subset of compounds of formula (I), of formula (la) above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R 5 is Ci-3alkyl.
  • Ri is selected from the group consisting of H, Ci-3alkyl, Ci-3alkoxy, CF 3 , and halo; R 2 , R3 and R 4 are H;
  • R 5 is C 1-3 alkyl
  • R 6 is C 3 -5alkyl or -CH 2 C 3 - cycloalkyl
  • R is selected from the group consisting of:
  • each Rs is independently selected from the group consisting of halo, Ci -6 alkyl, Ci -6 alkoxy, C 3- ecycloalkyl, CN, OH, C(0)OH, C(0)OC 1-3 alkyl and CH 2 OH;
  • R 9 is the group -(CHR 10 )s-(X)t-(CHR 10 )u-Rii;
  • each Rio is independently selected from H, CH 3 , OH and CH 2 OH;
  • X is CH 2 , NH or 0;
  • R11 is a heterocycloalkyl or C 3-6 cycloalkyl group which may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of CH 3 , OMe, OH, CH 2 OH and halo;
  • r 0, 1 or 2;
  • s 0, 1 or 2;
  • t is 0 or 1;
  • u 0, 1 or 2;
  • the present invention provides a subset of compounds of formula (I), of formula (la) above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Ri is H. In a further aspect, the present invention provides a subset of compounds of formula (I), of formula (la) above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Ri and R 5 are each independently CH 3 or halo. In a further aspect, the present invention provides a subset of compounds of formula (I), of formula (la) above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Ri and R 5 are CH 3 .
  • R 6 is selected from the group consisting of propyl, isobutyl, and -CH 2 cyclopropyl.
  • R 6 is isobutyl.
  • R 7 is:
  • R 7 is:
  • r is 1. In a further aspect of the present invention, r is 2.
  • each R 8 is independently selected from the group consisting of CH 3 , OCH 3 , CH 2 OH, cyclopropyl, fluoro and chloro.
  • R 8 is CH 2 OH.
  • r is 0.
  • s is 0.
  • s is 1.
  • u is 2.
  • u is 1.
  • u is 0.
  • t is 1 and X is 0. In a further aspect of the present invention, t is 0.
  • each ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 is H.
  • s is 0, t is 1, X is O, u is 1 in which R 10 is H. In a further aspect of the present invention, s is 1 in which Ri 0 is OH, t is 0 and u is 1 in which Rio is H.
  • Rn is a heterocycloalkyl group selected from oxirane, oxetane, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydro-2 pyran, pyrrolidine, piperidine, morpholine, morpholin-3-one, and thiomorpholine 1,1-dioxide.
  • Rn is a heterocycloalkyl selected from tetrahydro- 2H-pyran and morpholine. In a further aspect of the present invention, Rn is cyclohexane.
  • Rn is unsubstituted.
  • the present invention provides a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which is selected from the group consisting of:
  • the present invention provides a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which is (S)-N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-3- (hydroxymethyl)-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide.
  • the present invention provides a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which is N-(4-ethylphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N-isobutyl-4-((tetrahydro- 2H-pyran-4-yl)methoxy)benzenesulfonamide.
  • alkyl refers to a saturated hydrocarbon chain having the specified number of carbon atoms.
  • Ci -6 alkyl refers to an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 member atoms. Unless otherwise stated, alkyl groups are unsubstituted. Alkyl groups may be straight chain or branched.
  • alkyl includes, but is not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl ( ⁇ -propyl and isopropyl), butyl ( ⁇ -butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl and terf-butyl), pentyl, and hexyl.
  • alkoxy refers to an -O-alkyl group wherein “alkyl” is defined above.
  • heterocycloalkyl refers to a saturated or unsaturated 3 to 7 membered monocyclic or bicyclic ring, which must contain 1, 2 or 3 non-carbon atoms, which are selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. Heterocycloalkyl groups may contain one or more C(O), S(O) or S0 2 groups. Bicyclic heterocycloalkyl groups include spiro compounds, wherein rings are connected through just one atom. However, heterocycloalkyl groups are not aromatic. Heterocycloalkyl groups containing more than one heteroatom may contain different heteroatoms.
  • Heterocycloalkyl includes, but is not limited to, pyrrolidine, piperidine, oxetane, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydro-2H-pyran, morpholine, morpholine-3-one, piperidin-2-one, pyrimidine-2,4(lH,3H)-dione, thiomorpholine, thiomorpholine 1,1-dioxide.
  • cycloalkyi refers to a saturated hydrocarbon ring having the specified number of carbon atoms. Cycloalkyi groups are monocyclic ring systems. For example, C3- 6 cycloalkyl refers to a cycloalkyi group having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms. Cycloalkyi includes cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl.
  • halo refers to the halogen radicals fluoro, chloro, bromo and iodo.
  • RORy refers to all isoforms of this member of the ROR family, including RORyl and RORvt.
  • RORy modulator refers to a chemical compound of formula (I) that inhibits, either directly or indirectly, the activity of RORy.
  • RORy modulators include antagonists and inverse agonists of RORy.
  • the compounds of formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof may contain one or more asymmetric center (also referred to as a chiral center) and may, therefore, exist as individual enantiomers, diastereomers, or other stereoisomeric forms, or as mixtures thereof. Chiral centers, such as chiral carbon atoms, may also be present in a substituent such as an alkyl group.
  • stereochemistry of a chiral center present in a compound of formula (I), or in any chemical structure illustrated herein, is not specified the structure is intended to encompass all individual stereoisomers and all mixtures thereof.
  • compounds of formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof containing one or more chiral center may be used as racemic mixtures, enantiomerically enriched mixtures, or as enantiomerically pure individual stereoisomers.
  • Individual stereoisomers of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which contain one or more asymmetric center may be resolved by methods known to those skilled in the art. For example, such resolution may be carried out (1) by formation of diastereoisomeric salts, complexes or other derivatives; (2) by selective reaction with a stereoisomer-specific reagent, for example by enzymatic oxidation or reduction; or (3) by gas- liquid or liquid chromatography in a chiral environment, for example, on a chiral support such as silica with a bound chiral ligand or in the presence of a chiral solvent.
  • stereoisomer is converted into another chemical entity by one of the separation procedures described above, a further step is required to liberate the desired form.
  • specific stereoisomers may be synthesized by asymmetric synthesis using optically active reagents, substrates, catalysts or solvents, or by converting one enantiomer to the other by asymmetric transformation.
  • compounds of formula (I) may contain an acidic functional group.
  • compounds of formula (I) may contain a basic functional group.
  • pharmaceutically-acceptable salts of the compounds of formula (I) may be prepared. Indeed, in certain embodiments of the invention, pharmaceutically- acceptable salts of the compounds of formula (I) may be preferred over the respective free base or free acid because such salts may impart greater stability or solubility to the molecule thereby facilitating formulation into a dosage form.
  • compounds according to formula (I) may contain a basic functional group and are therefore capable of forming pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts by treatment with a suitable acid.
  • suitable acids include pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic acids and pharmaceutically acceptable organic acids.
  • Representative pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts include hydrochloride, hydrobromide, nitrate, methylnitrate, sulfate, bisulfate, sulfamate, phosphate, acetate, hydroxyacetate, phenylacetate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, valerate, maleate, hydroxymaleate, acrylate, fumarate, malate, tartrate, citrate, salicylate, p-aminosalicyclate, glycollate, lactate, heptanoate, phthalate, oxalate, succinate, benzoate, o-acetoxybenzoate, chlorobenzoate, methylbenzoate, dinitrobenzoate, hydroxybenzoate, methoxybenzoate, nap
  • compounds according to formula (I) may contain an acidic functional group.
  • suitable pharmaceutically-acceptable salts include salts of such acidic functional groups.
  • Representative salts include pharmaceutically acceptable metal salts such as sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum, and zinc salts; carbonates and bicarbonates of a pharmaceutically acceptable metal cation such as sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum, and zinc; pharmaceutically acceptable organic primary, secondary, and tertiary amines including aliphatic amines, aromatic amines, aliphatic diamines, and hydroxy alkylamines such as methylamine, ethylamine, 2-hydroxyethylamine, diethylamine, TEA, ethylenediamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, and cyclohexylamine.
  • the term "pharmaceutically-acceptable salts” refers to salts that retain the desired biological activity of the subject compound and exhibit minimal undesired toxicological effects. These pharmaceutically-acceptable salts may be prepared in situ during the final isolation and purification of the compound, or by separately reacting the purified compound in its free acid or free base form with a suitable base or acid, respectively.
  • the invention also includes all suitable isotopic variations of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • An isotopic variation of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is defined as one in which at least one atom is replaced by an atom having the same atomic number but an atomic mass different from the atomic mass usually found in nature.
  • isotopes examples include isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine and chlorine such as 2 H, 3 H, 13 C, 14 C, 15 N, 17 0, 18 0, 18 F and 36 CI, respectively.
  • isotopic variations of a compound of formula (I) or a salt or solvate thereof, for example, those in which a radioactive isotope such as 3 H or 14 C is incorporated, are useful in drug and/or substrate tissue distribution studies. Tritiated, i.e., 3 H, and carbon-14, i.e., 14 C, isotopes are particularly preferred for their ease of preparation and detectability.
  • Isotopic variations of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically salt thereof can generally be prepared by conventional procedures such as by the illustrative methods or by the preparations described in the Examples hereafter using appropriate isotopic variations of suitable reagents.
  • a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof may be in amorphous or crystalline form. Moreover, a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, may exist in one or more crystalline forms. Consequently, the present invention includes within its scope all forms of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the person skilled in the art will appreciate that many organic compounds can form complexes with solvents in which they are reacted or from which they are precipitated or crystallised. These complexes are known as "solvates”. Where the solvent is water the complex is known as a "hydrate”.
  • the present invention encompasses all solvates of the compounds of formula (I).
  • prodrugs are also included within the context of this invention.
  • prodrug means a compound which is converted within the body, e.g. by hydrolysis in the blood, into its active form that has medical effects.
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs are described in T. Higuchi and V. Stella, Prodrugs as Novel Delivery Systems, Vol. 14 of the A.C.S. Symposium Series, Edward B. Roche, ed., Bioreversible Carriers in Drug Design, American Pharmaceutical Association and Pergamon Press, 1987, and in D. Fleisher, S. Ramon and H. Barbra "Improved oral drug delivery: solubility limitations overcome by the use of prodrugs", Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews (1996) 19(2) 115-130, each of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • Prodrugs are any covalently bonded carriers that release a compound of formula (I) in vivo when such prodrug is administered to a patient.
  • Prodrugs are generally prepared by modifying functional groups in a way such that the modification is cleaved, either by routine manipulation or in vivo, yielding the parent compound.
  • Prodrugs include, for example, compounds of this invention wherein hydroxy, amine or sulfhydryl groups are bonded to any group that, when administered to a patient, cleaves to form the hydroxy, amine or sulfhydryl groups.
  • prodrugs include (but are not limited to) acetate, formate and benzoate derivatives of alcohol, sulfhydryl and amine functional groups of the compounds of formula (I).
  • esters may be employed, such as methyl esters, ethyl esters, and the like. Esters may be active in their own right and /or be hydrolysable under in vivo conditions in the human body. Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable in vivo hydrolysable ester groups include those which break down readily in the human body to leave the parent acid or its salt.
  • Compounds of formula (A)a and (A)b may be prepared from sulfonyl chlorides of formula (C)a and (C)b respectively, by reaction with an aniline of formula (B), according to Scheme la and lb.
  • Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together a sulfonyl chloride of formula (C)a or (C)b with the appropriate aniline (B), in a basic solvent such as pyridine, for a suitable time, such as 16 hours, at a suitable temperature, such as ambient.
  • Compounds of formula (A)c and (A)d may be prepared from intermediate compounds of formula (D)a and (D)b respectively, by coupling with an appropriately substituted alcohol according to Scheme 2a and 2b.
  • Typical coupling conditions would include the 'Mitsunobu reaction' and comprise mixing the alcohol together with an intermediate compound of formula (D)a or (D)b and triphenylphosphine, in a suitable solvent, such as tetrahydrofuran.
  • a suitable coupling reagent such as diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, and the reaction stirred for a suitable time, such as 16 hours, at a suitable temperature, such as ambient.
  • Y suitable leaving group eg. Br, I, CI, F, OTs, OMs
  • Y suitable leaving group eg. Br, I, CI, F, OTs, OMs
  • Compounds of formula (A)e and (A)f may be prepared from intermediate compounds of formula (D)c and (D)d respectively, by reaction with an appropriately substituted alkyl or heterocycloalkyi alcohol or amine according to Scheme 3a and 3b.
  • Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing the alcohol or amine together with an intermediate compound of formula (D)c or (D)d, with a strong base such as sodium hydride, in a suitable solvent such as 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, under nitrogen at a suitable temperature, such as ambient for a suitable time, such as 3 hours.
  • Y suitable leaving group eg. Br, I, CI, F, OTs, OMs
  • Compounds of formula (A)g and (A)h may be prepared from intermediate compounds of formula (D)e and (D)f respectively, by reaction with an appropriate alkylating agent according to Scheme 4a and 4b.
  • Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing an intermediate compound of formula (D)e or (D)f, with a strong base such as sodium hydride in a suitable solvent, such as dimethyl sulfoxide, for a suitable time, such as 5 minutes, under nitrogen. The mixture is then treated with the alkylating agent and stirred at a suitable temperature such as ambient for a suitable time, such as 18 hours.
  • R 12 -halo, -(CHR 10 ) s -halo, -vinyl, -OMe/-OBn, -C0 2 Me/-C0 2 Et, -CN, -NHAc
  • Key intermediate compounds of formula (D), where R12 is a suitable functional group for later transformation into Rg; may be prepared from sulfonyl chlorides of formula (E)a and (E)b, by reaction with an aniline of formula (B) according to Scheme 5a and 5b.
  • Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together a sulfonyl chloride of formula (E)a or (E)b with the appropriate aniline (B) in a basic solvent such as pyridine, for a suitable time, such as 16 hours, at a suitable temperature such as ambient.
  • R12 may include functionality (which can be protected/masked) that is inert to reaction under the above conditions and may then be converted to Rg in subsequent step(s).
  • Suitable examples for R12 can include -halo, -(CHR 10 ) s -halo, -vinyl, -OMe/-OBn, -C0 2 Me/-C0 2 Et, -CN, -NHAc (the latter four which may then be deprotected or transformed to -OH, -CH 2 OH, -CH 2 NH 2 and -NH 2 respectively using methods known to those skilled in the art of organic synthesis).
  • Y suitable leaving group eg. Br, I, CI, OTs
  • R 12 -halo, -(CHR 10 ) s -halo, -vinyl, -OMe/-OBn, -C0 2 Me/-C0 2 Et, -CN, -NHAc
  • Y suitable leaving group eg. Br, I, CI, OTs
  • R 12 -halo, -(CHR 10 ) s -halo, -vinyl, -OMe/-OBn, -C0 2 Me/-C0 2 Et, -CN, -NHAc
  • the mixture is then treated with the appropriate alkylating agent and heated in a sealed vessel to a suitable temperature, for example 150 °C, by microwaves, for a suitable time, such as 25 minutes.
  • Compounds of formula (A)i and (A)j may be prepared from intermediate compounds of formula (F)a and (F)b, by reaction with a suitable alkylating agent according to Scheme 8a and 8b.
  • Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together a compound of formula (F)a or (F)b, with a strong base, such as Barton's base, in a suitable solvent such as acetonitrile, for a suitable time, such as 1 hour, at a suitable temperature such as ambient.
  • the mixture is then treated with the appropriate alkylating agent and heated in a sealed vessel to a suitable temperature, for example 150 °C, by microwaves, for a suitable time, such as 25 minutes.
  • pentamethylcyclopentadienyliridium(III) chloride in a suitable solvent, such as water.
  • a suitable solvent such as water.
  • the mixture is then heated in a sealed vessel to a suitable temperature, for example 170 °C, by microwaves, for a suitable time, such as 1 hour.
  • Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together an aryl chloride (G), with with the appropriate primary alkyl amine, a suitable catalyst such as ⁇ l,3-bis[2,6-bis(l-methylethyl)phenyl]-2- imidazolidinyl ⁇ (chloro)(2-methyl-2-propen-l-yl)palladium and a suitable base such as lithium hexamethyldisilizide, in a suitable solvent, such as tetrahydrofuran.
  • the mixture is then heated in a sealed vessel to a suitable temperature, for example 70 °C, by microwaves, for a suitable time, such as 45 minutes.
  • Re' C 2- alkyl or cycloalkyl
  • the mixture is then treated with a suitable reducing agent, such as sodium triacetoxyborohydride and stirred for a suitable time, such as 18 hours, at a suitable temperature, such as ambient.
  • Intermediate (H) may be prepared from a primary aniline (B) by reaction with a suitable anhydride.
  • Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together a primary aniline of formula (B) with the appropriate anhydride in a suitable solvent, such as dichloromethane, with a suitable base such as triethylamine, under nitrogen, for a suitable time, such as 20 hours, at a suitable temperature, such as ambient.
  • Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together an intermediate primary amide (H), with a suitable reducing agent, such as a solution of borane-tetrahydrofuran complex in tetrahydrofuran, in a suitable solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, under nitrogen.
  • a suitable reducing agent such as a solution of borane-tetrahydrofuran complex in tetrahydrofuran
  • a suitable solvent such as tetrahydrofuran
  • the mixture is then heated in a sealed vessel to a suitable temperature, for example 190 °C, by microwaves, for a suitable time, such as 2 hours.
  • Compounds of formula (A)k/(A)I and (A)m/(A)n may be prepared from epoxide-containing intermediate compounds of formula (K)a and (K)b respectively, by reaction with an appropriate amine, according to Scheme 14a and 14b.
  • Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together epoxide-containing intermediate compound (K)a or (K)b with an excess of an appropriate amine, in a suitable solvent, such as ethanol, at a suitable temperature, such as 50 °C, for a suitable time, such as overnight.
  • the ratio of regioisomeric products (A)k to (A)l or (A)m to (A)n may vary with selection of amine, and where a mixture of products results, separation may be achieved using a suitable purification system, such as preparative HPLC.
  • Y suitable cross-coupling group, eg. halogen, OTf
  • R H, alkyl or substituted alkyl
  • Vinyl containing intermediate compounds of formula (L)a and (L)b may be prepared from intermediate compounds of formula (D)g and (D)h respectively, by reaction with a vinyl organometal reagent, according to Scheme 15.
  • Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together intermediate compound (D)g or (D)h with a suitable vinyl organometal reagent, such as potassium trifluoro(vinyl)borate, an appropriate base such as cesium carbonate and a suitable catalyst such as palladium(II)chloride with a suitable ligand, such as triphenylphosphine.
  • a suitable solvent, such as tetrahydrofuran/water mixture is then added and the reaction heated in a sealed vessel to a suitable temperature, for example 140 °C, by microwaves, for a suitable time, such as 1 hour.
  • Epoxide-containing intermediate compounds of formula (K)a and (K)b may be prepared from intermediate compounds of formula (L)a and (L)b respectively, by oxidation of the vinyl group, according to Scheme 16.
  • Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together intermediate vinyl compound (L)a or (L)b with a suitable oxidising agent, such as m-chloroperbenzoic acid in an appropriate solvent such as dichloromethane, for a suitable time, such as 16 hours, at a suitable temperature, such as 0 °C to ambient.
  • Y suitable leaving group eg. halo, OTs, OMs
  • Y suitable leaving group eg. halo, OTs, OMs
  • Compounds of formula (A)p and (A)q may be prepared from intermediate compounds of formula (D)c and (D)d respectively, by reaction with an appropriate heterocycloalkyi compound containing a free NH group within the heterocycloalkyi ring system, according to Scheme 17a and 17b.
  • Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing the amine together with an intermediate compound of formula (D)c or (D)d, with a strong base such as sodium hydride, in a suitable solvent such as 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, under nitrogen at a suitable temperature, such as ambient for a suitable time, such as 3 hours.
  • Compounds of formula (A)r and (A)s may be prepared from intermediate compounds of formula (D)i and (D)j respectively, by reaction with an appropriate heterocycloalkyl compound containing a free NH within the heterocycloalkyl ring system, according to Scheme 18a and 18b.
  • Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together an intermediate compound of formula (D)i or (D)j, with the appropriate heterocycloalkyl compound, a suitable base such as potassium iodide and a suitable catalyst such as pentamethylcyclopentadienyliridium(III) chloride in a suitable solvent such as water.
  • the mixture is then heated in a sealed vessel to a suitable temperature, for example 150 °C, by microwaves, for a suitable time, such as 3 hours.
  • Compounds of formula (A)t/(A)u and (A)v/(A)w may be prepared from epoxide-containing intermediate compounds of formula (K)a and (K)b respectively, by reaction with an appropriate heterocycloalkyl compound containing a free NH within the heterocycloalkyl ring system, according to Scheme 19a and 19b.
  • Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together epoxide-containing intermediate compound (K)a or (K)b with an excess of an appropriate amine, in a suitable solvent, such as ethanol, at a suitable temperature, such as 50 °C, for a suitable time, such as overnight.
  • the ratio of products (A)t to (A)u or (A)v to (A)w may vary with selection of amine, and where a mixture of products results, separation may be achieved using a suitable purification system, such as preparative HPLC.
  • RORy modulators which have been prepared by a number of different methods.
  • the methanol fraction was then passed down a sulfonic acid (SCX) SPE cartridge again eluting with methanol.
  • Solvent was evaporated in vacuo and the sample loaded in methanol and purified by reverse phase (C18) chromatography. The appropriate fractions were combined and dried under a stream of nitrogen to give the intermediate product. This was then taken up in tetrahydrofuran (THF) (1 ml.) and lithium hydroxide (0.027 g, 1.128 mmol) in water (1 ml.) was added. The mixture was stirred for 2 hours and then evaporated under a stream of nitrogen to give a residue. This was partitioned between water and dichloromethane and separated with a hydrophobic frit.
  • THF tetrahydrofuran
  • lithium hydroxide 0.027 g, 1.128 mmol
  • N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-3-methoxybenzenesulfonamide (431.4 mg, 1.242 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (DCM) (10 mL) and cooled to -78 °C. BBr 3 in DCM (1M) (6.21 mL, 6.21 mmol) was added dropwise and the reaction put under nitrogen. The reaction was allowed to reach room temperature and left to stir overnight. Water (20 mL) was added dropwise into the reaction mixture, until no more fumes were released. The crude product was then extracted to the organic phase of an aqueous work up between DCM (30 mL) and water (20 mL).
  • the reaction vessel was sealed and heated in a microwave (Biotage Initiator) to 140 °C for 60 minutes, cooled to room temperature and ethyl acetate (40 mL) added to the mixture.
  • the organic phase was washed with water (50 mL), dried using a hydrophobic frit and evaporated in vacuo to give the crude product as a orange oil.
  • the sample was loaded in dichloromethane and purified by silica (Si) chromatography using a 0-25% ethyl acetate-cyclohexane gradient. The appropriate fractions were combined and evaporated in PBb lb/H-
  • N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide 40 mg, 0.115 mmol
  • sodium hydride 4.14 mg, 0.173 mmol
  • the solution was stirred for 10 minutes under nitrogen at 20 °C.
  • Tetrahydro-2H- pyran-4-yl)methyl methanesulfonate 49 mg, 0.252 mmol
  • Reaction mixture was then diluted with methanol (1 ml.) and passed down a pre-conditioned sulfonic acid (SCX) solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridge, eluting with methanol and then 2N methanolic ammonia.
  • SCX sulfonic acid
  • SPE solid phase extraction
  • the fractions from the methanolic ammonia wash were concentrated in vacuo and the residue purified by mass-directed autoprep, using a formic acid modifier.
  • Product containing fractions were evaporated under a stream of nitrogen to provide product, 2.6 mg.
  • Example 6 N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N-isobutyl-4-((((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- ynmethynamino)methyl)benzenesulfonamide 4-(aminomethyl)-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (25 mg, 0.072 mmol), (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)methanol (16.76 mg, 0.144 mmol), potassium iodide (23.95 mg, 0.144 mmol) and [Cp*IrCI 2 ] 2 (1-150 mg, 1.443 ⁇ ) were dissolved in water (2 mL) in a microwave vial.
  • the reaction vessel was sealed and heated by microwaves (Biotage Initiator) to 150 °C for 1 hour. After analysis the reaction vessel was resealed and heated again by microwaves (Biotage Initiator) to 150 °C for a further 1 hour. After further analysis an additional 1 eq of [Cp*IrCl2]2 and 1 eq of (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)methanol were added and the reaction heated for a third time by microwaves (Biotage Initiator) to 150 °C for 1 hour. The reaction was cooled and the mixture concentrated in vacuo (Biotage V10).
  • Examples 7 to 101 were prepared according to one of the following routes (4 to 14). Specific reaction conditions and characterisation data for Examples 7 to 112 are provided in Table 3 below.
  • triphenylphosphine (26 mg, 0.099 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF) (0.6 ml.) and treated with diisopropyl diazene-l,2-dicarboxylate (DIAD) (25 uL, 0.13 mmol).
  • THF tetrahydrofuran
  • DIAD diisopropyl diazene-l,2-dicarboxylate
  • the vessel was capped and stirred at 20 °C for 2 days. Additional 6-(hydroxymethyl)pyrimidine-2,4(lH,3H)-dione (17.1 mg, 0.12 mmol) and diisopropyl diazene-l,2-dicarboxylate (DIAD) (30 uL, 0.156 mmol) were added and reaction stirred for further 18 hours.
  • the reaction was then filtered and purification attempted by mass directed autoprep (ammonium carbonate modifier), but this failed PBb lb/H-
  • triphenylphosphine (1-1.5 equivalents) were pre-weighed into a vessel. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) (4 mL/mmol) was added followed by diisopropyl diazene-l,2-dicarboxylate (DIAD) (1.2-1.5 equivalents). The vessel was capped and in some instances back-filled with nitrogen 3 times before being stirred at 20 °C for up to 2 days. Workup and purification were then carried out according to the relevant procedure(s) listed in Tables 2 or 3.
  • THF Tetrahydrofuran
  • DIAD diisopropyl diazene-l,2-dicarboxylate
  • Benzyl protected amino-alcohols were used, deprotection was carried out on the products as follows: Following purification, the Benzyl- protected products were redissolved in methanol (1 mL) and hydrogenated using a flow hydrogenator (H-cube automated system) with settings: room temperature, 1 bar hydrogen, 1 mL/min flow rate and fitted with a 10 % Pd/C CatCart 30 as the catalyst. Purification (by mass directed autoprep) was then carried out if required. PBb lb/
  • sulfoxide (DMSO) (0.5 mL) stirred in air at 20 °C, was added sodium hydride (approximately 2.98 mg, 0.075 mmol, 60% dispersed in oil) in one charge.
  • the reaction mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 16 hours.
  • the reaction was carefully quenched with methanol (0.5 mL) and water (0.5 mL).
  • the solvent was concentrated in vacuo (Biotage V10) to give the crude product in DMSO (0.5 mL).
  • the residue was taken up in additional DMSO (0.5 mL) and methanol (1 mL) then purified by mass directed autoprep (formic acid modifier). The appropriate fractions were evaporated under a stream of nitrogen to give the required product, 11.5 mg.
  • LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.51 min, m/z (ES+) 513 (M+H).
  • a phenol intermediate (1 equivalent, see Table 3 for specific phenol used), an alcohol (1.25 equivalents, see Table 3 for specific alcohol used) and (4-(3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,10- heptadecafluorodecyl)phenyl)diphenylphosphine (Fluoroflash, 1.5 equivalents) were added to a vessel.
  • Tetrahydrofuran (THF) 14 mL/mmol
  • DIAD diisopropyl diazene-1,2- dicarboxylate
  • N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-hydroxy-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (76.9 mg, 0.231 mmol)
  • 2- morpholinoethanol 0.035 mL, 0.288 mmol
  • (4-(3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9, 10, 10,10- heptadecafluorodecyl)phenyl)diphenylphosphine 204 mg, 0.288 mmol
  • Tetrahydrofuran (THF) (4 mL) was added followed by diisopropyl diazene-l,2-dicarboxylate PBb lb/H-
  • Boc-deprotection of final products was achieved as follows: The Boc-protected compound was dissolved in a mixture of dichloromethane (DCM) (1.0 mL/0.1 mmol) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) (1.0 mL/0.1 mmol). The solution was left to stir for 30 minutes at 20 °C, under nitrogen. Workup and purification were then carried out according to the relevant procedure(s) listed in Table 3.
  • DCM dichloromethane
  • TFA trifluoroacetic acid
  • reaction vessel was sealed and heated by microwaves (Emrys Optimiser) to 120 °C for 30 minutes. After cooling, the reaction mixture was passed through a pre-packed silica column (500 mg) to remove palladium residues, eluting with methanol. The reaction solution was evaporated in vacuo to and purified by mass directed autoprep (formic acid modifier). The appropriate fractions were concentrated under a stream of nitrogen to give the required product, 34 mg.
  • Chloro-benzenesulfonannide intermediate (1 equivalent), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (catalytic, 1 mol%), 2-di-tert-butylphosphino-2',4',6'-triisopropylbiphenyl (catalytic, 1 mol%), and potassium hydroxide (3 equivalents) were added to a microwave vial.
  • the reactants where dissolved in 1,4-dioxane (2.8 mL/mmol) and water (2.8 mL/mmol).
  • the reaction vessel was sealed and heated by microwaves to 150 °C for 2 hours. Workup and purification were then carried out according to the relevant procedure(s) listed in Table 3.
  • Example 102 N-(2 f 4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-4-(5-oxopyrrolidin-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide a) Intermediate 52: methyl 4-(4-(N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N-isobutylsulfamoynphenyn-4- nitrobutanoate
  • the flask was carefully filled with hydrogen and the reaction mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 2 hours. LCMS analysis showed disappearance of starting material.
  • the reaction mixture was filtered through celite under an atmosphere of nitrogen and the filrate evaporated in vacuo to give a yellow gum.
  • the crude was purified by mass directed autoprep (formic acid modifier). The relevant fractions were concentrated under a stream of nitrogen to give the required product, 1.01 mg.
  • Example 104 N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-3,5-difluoro-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyn-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide a) Intermediate 53: 4-bromo-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-3,5-difluoro-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide
  • Example 105 N-(5-chloro-2-fluorophenyn-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyn-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide a)
  • Intermediate 56 N-(5-chloro-2-fluorophenyn-N-isobutyl-4-(oxiran-2-ynbenzenesulfonamide
  • Example 106 N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-3-fluoro-4-(l-hydroxy-2-((3-methyloxetan-3-ynamino)ethyn- N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide
  • Example 109 N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-3-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxy-l-morpholinoethyn-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide a) Intermediate 57: N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-3-hydroxy-N-isobutyl-4-vinylbenzenesulfonamide
  • Example 110 Methyl 5-(N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N-isobutylsulfamoyn-2-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- yl)methoxy)benzoate a) Intermediate 59: methyl 5-(N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N-isobutylsulfamoyn-2-methoxybenzoate
  • Example 111 N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-3-(hydroxymethyn-N-isobutyl-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- yl)methoxy)benzenesulfonamide
  • Example 112 N-(4-ethylphenyn-4-(l-hydroxy-2-((3-methyloxetan-3-ynamino)ethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide a)
  • Intermediate 61 4-ethyl-N-isobutylaniline
  • Example 115 4-(l,2-dihydroxy-3-morpholinopropyn-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide g-enantiomer) a) Intermediate 67: (E)-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N-isobutyl-4-(3-morpholinoprop-l-en-l- yObenzenesulfonamide
  • the reaction was then passed through a sulfonic acid (SCX) solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridge, eluting with methanol followed by ammonia in methanol, then concentrated under a stream of nitrogen. Purification was carried out by mass directed autoprep (ammonium carbonate modifier). The relevant fractions were
  • AD-Mix-alpha (73.4 mg, 0.052 mmol) was stirred at room temperature in tert-butanol (2 mL) and water (2.000 mL) until two clear phases seen.
  • Methanesulfonamide (4.99 mg, 0.052 mmol) was added to the solution and the mixture cooled to 0 °C.
  • AD-Mix-beta (249 mg, 0.178 mmol) was stirred at room temperature in tert-butanol (1.000 mL) and water (1.000 mL) until two clear phases seen.
  • Methanesulfonamide (16.93 mg, 0.178 mmol) was added to the solution and the mixture was cooled to 0 °C.
  • AD-Mix-beta (249 mg, 0.178 mmol) and methanesulfonamide (16.93 mg, 0.178 mmol) were added.
  • the reaction was stirred overnight at a maintained 0 °C.
  • a final portion of AD- Mix-beta (498 mg, 0.356 mmol) was then added and the solution was stirred overnight at a maintained 0 °C.
  • Sodium sulfite (2 x 11.22 mg, 0.089 mmol) was added to the solution and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 40 minutes.
  • Ethyl acetate (5 mL) was added to the solution and the aqueous phase extracted with further ethyl acetate (3 x 15 mL).
  • Example 118 ⁇ 5tereo/ 0/77er./-4-(l,3-dihydroxy-2-morpholinopropyn-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide and Example 119: diastereoisometf- -t l,3-d ⁇ hydroxy-2- morpholinopropyn-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide a) Intermediate 68: N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-4-formyl-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide
  • reaction was stirred for 2 hours at -90 °C, then warmed slowly to room temperature over the weekend. Reaction quenched with water (4 mL) and ethyl acetate added (4 mL). Organic phase separated, dried by hydrophobic frit and concentrated under stream of nitrogen.
  • Example 119 o ⁇ 5tergo/ 0/77er -4-(l f 3-dihydroxy-2-morpholinopropyl)-N-(2 f 4- dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide
  • a solution of diastereoisomer2-T( ⁇ et ] ⁇ ⁇ 3-(4-(N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutylsulfamoyl)phenyl)-3- hydroxy-2-morpholinopropanoate (6 mg, 0.012 mmol) was prepared in tetrahydrofuran (THF) (0.5 mL) and a solution of lithium aluminium hydride in diethylether (1 M, 0.024 mL, 0.024 mmol) was added at 0 °C.
  • HCI salt was prepared by dissolving N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (180 mg) in diethylether (2 mL) and treating with solution of HCI in dioxane (4 M, excess). Mixture concentrated then recrystallised from ethanol (minimum) with slow diffusion of diethylether to give required product (146 mg) as white crystals.
  • Example 121 e/7c? ⁇ /o/77gr./-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyn-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide and
  • Example 122 e/7c? ⁇ /o/77gr -N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-4-(l-hydroxy-2- morpholinoethyn-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide by chiral separation of rac-Example 22
  • Enantiomers of rc?c-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (26 mg) were separated by chiral preparative HPLC (conditions HPLClp) to provide e ⁇ c? ⁇ f/o/77er-?-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (10 mg) HPLC [HPLCla] Rt 17.5 min.
  • Example 123 N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide a)
  • Intermediate 71 Methyl 2-bromo-5-(N-(4-ethylphenyn-N-isobutylsulfamoyDbenzoate
  • 4-ethyl-N-isobutylaniline 400 mg, 2.256 mmol
  • pyridine 2 mL
  • N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (racemic compound, which may be prepared, for example, according to Example 123; 4.5 g, 9.44 mmol, LCMS: 97.39%) was dissolved in 54 ml of co-solvent (0.5%DEA in Isopropanol).
  • Peak of Enantiomer 1 (Example 125): Fractions 5.0 lit collected and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)- N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide(peak-l) (730 mg, 1.523 mmol, 16.14 % yield) as a white solid.
  • Peak of Enantiomer 2 (Example 126): Fractions 8.0 lit collected and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)- N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (peak-2) (820 mg, 1.709 mmol, 18.10 % yield) as a yellow solid.
  • the UV detection was an averaged signal from wavelength of 190nm to 400nm (extracted at compound UV) and mass spectra were recorded on a mass spectrometer using alternate scan positive and negative mode electrospray ionization.
  • Example 125 Chiral HPLC 99.53% purity at 14.11 RT (Minutes)
  • Example 126 Chiral HPLC 98.46% purity at 12.68 RT (Minutes)
  • T/%B 0/30,2/30,4/70,6/95,15/95,15.1/30
  • Example 125 HPLC 99.51% purity at 6.68 RT (Minutes)
  • Vibrational Circular Dichronism The absolute configurations of Example 125 and Example 126 were determined by ab initio vibrational circular dichroism (VCD), a form of differential vibrational spectroscopy that combines experimental and computational VCD data to determine absolute stereochemistry (Appl. Spectrosc. 65 (7), 699 (2011)).
  • VCD ab initio vibrational circular dichroism
  • Example 125 was assigned with S absolute configuration.
  • Example 126 was assigned with R absolute configuration.
  • Reactions were worked up in a number of ways which may be combined for example by solid-phase extraction (SPE) using either sulfonic acid (SCX) or aminopropyl (NH 2 ) cartridges eluting with methanol and then 2M methanolic ammonia (Method S); quench with water, isopropanol or methanol (Method Q); solid-phase extraction using fluorous cartridges eluting with methanol: water (Method FL); evaporation either in vacuo or by blowing nitrogen across sample (Method E); and aqueous work up where the sample is diluted with water or dilute acid or dilute base and then extracted with a suitable organic solvent, for example ethyl acetate or dichloromethane (Method A); or filtration of sample through a filter tube (Method F).
  • SPE solid-phase extraction
  • SCX sulfonic acid
  • NH 2 aminopropyl
  • Purification was by a range of methods including: mass-directed autoprep (MDAP) using either low or high pH modifiers see below for column details; automated normal phase chromatography on for example a Biotage Flashmaster II or a ISCO companion, using silica or aminopropyl column and a range of solvents, which included, for example, ethyl acetate/ cyclohexane/ dichloromethane and methanol; or recrystallisation from suitable solvent.
  • MDAP mass-directed autoprep
  • solvents which included, for example, ethyl acetate/ cyclohexane/ dichloromethane and methanol
  • recrystallisation from suitable solvent.
  • HPLC purification was conducted on a Sunfire C18 column (150mm x 30mm i.d. 5 ⁇ packing diameter) at ambient temperature.
  • the gradient was selected according to the analytical retention time.
  • the UV detection was an averaged signal from wavelength of 210nm to 350nm and mass spectra were recorded on a mass spectrometer using alternate-scan positive and negative mode electrospray ionization.
  • HPLC purification was conducted on a Waters XBridge C18 column (100mm x 30mm i.d. 5 ⁇ packing diameter) at ambient temperature.
  • the solvents employed were:
  • A 10 mM Ammonium Bicarbonate in water adjusted to pH 10 with Ammonia solution.
  • the gradient was selected according to the analytical retention time.
  • the UV detection was an averaged signal from wavelength of 210nm to 350nm and mass spectra were recorded on a mass spectrometer using alternate-scan positive and negative mode
  • HPLC purification was conducted on a Sunfire C18 column (150mm x 30mm i.d. 5 ⁇ packing diameter) at ambient temperature.
  • the gradient was selected according to the analytical retention time.
  • the UV detection was an averaged signal from wavelength of 210nm to 350nm and mass spectra were recorded on a mass spectrometer using positive electrospray ionisation.
  • HPLC purification was conducted on a Waters XBridge C18 column (100mm x 19mm i.d. 5 ⁇ packing diameter) at ambient temperature.
  • A 10 mM Ammonium Bicarbonate in water adjusted to pH 10 with Ammonia solution.
  • the gradient was selected according to the analytical retention time.
  • the UV detection was an averaged signal from wavelength of 210nm to 400nm and mass spectra were recorded on a mass spectrometer using alternate-scan positive and negative mode electrospray ionization.
  • MDAP Method O The HPLC purification was conducted on a Waters Atlantis dC18 column (100mm x 19 mm i.d. 5 ⁇ packing diameter) at ambient temperature.
  • the gradient was selected according to the analytical retention time.
  • the UV detection was an averaged signal from wavelength of 210nm to 400nm and mass spectra were recorded on a mass spectrometer using alternate-scan positive and negative mode electrospray ionization.
  • HPLC purification was conducted on a Sunfire C18 column (100mm x 19mm i.d. 5 ⁇ packing diameter) at ambient temperature.
  • the gradient was selected according to the analytical retention time.
  • the UV detection was an averaged signal from wavelength of 210nm to 400nm and mass spectra were recorded on a mass spectrometer using positive electrospray ionisation.
  • HPLC purification was conducted on a Waters XBridge C18 column (100mm x 19mm i.d. 5 ⁇ packing diameter) at ambient temperature.
  • A 10 mM Ammonium Bicarbonate in water adjusted to pH 10 with Ammonia solution.
  • the gradient was selected according to the analytical retention time.
  • the UV detection was an averaged signal from wavelength of 210nm to 400nm and mass spectra were recorded on a mass spectrometer using alternate-scan positive and negative mode electrospray ionization.
  • the UV detection was an averaged signal from wavelength of 210nm to 350nm and mass spectra were recorded on a mass spectrometer using alternate-scan positive and negative mode electrospray ionization.
  • A 10 mM ammonium bicarbonate in water adjusted to pH 10 with
  • the gradient employed was: Time (min) Flow Rate (mL/min) % A % B
  • the UV detection was a summed signal from wavelength of 210nm to 350nm and mass spectra were recorded on a mass spectrometer, such as a Waters ZQ, using alternate-scan positive and negative mode electrospray ionization.
  • the UV detection was a summed signal from wavelength of 220nm to 330nm and mass spectra were recorded on a mass spectrometer using alternate-scan positive and negative mode electrospray ionization.
  • A 0.1% v/v solution of formic acid in water.
  • B 0.1% v/v solution of formic acid in acetonitrile.
  • the UV detection was a summed signal from wavelength of 210nm to 350nm and mass spectra were recorded on a mass spectrometer using alternate-scan positive and negative mode
  • Isocratic solvent system was employed : 10 % ethanol/heptane
  • Isocratic solvent system was employed : 10 % ethanol/heptane
  • Isocratic solvent system was employed: 20 % ethanol/n-hexane
  • the compounds of formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are RORy modulators, and hence have utility in the treatment of inflammatory, metabolic and autoimmune diseases mediated by RORy.
  • the biological activities of exemplified compounds of formula (I) were assessed in the following disclosed assays.
  • Dual Fluorescence Energy Transfer (FRET) Assay This assay is based on the knowledge that nuclear receptors interact with cofactors (transcription factors) in a ligand dependent manner.
  • RORy is a typical nuclear receptor in that it has an AF2 domain in the ligand binding domain (LBD) which interacts with co-activators.
  • LBD ligand binding domain
  • the sites of interaction have been mapped to the LXXLL motifs in the co-activator SRC1(2) sequences. Short peptide sequences containing the LXXLL motif mimic the behavior of full-length co-activator.
  • This assay measures ligand-mediated interaction of the co-activator peptide with the purified bacterial-expressed RORy ligand binding domain (RORy-LBD) to indirectly assess ligand binding.
  • RORy has a basal level of interaction with the co-activator SRC1(2) in the absence of ligand, thus, it is possible to find ligands that inhibit or enhance the RORy/SRCl(2) interaction.
  • RORy-LBD Human RORy Ligand Binding Domain
  • RORy-LBD Protein Biotinylation Purified RORy-LBD was buffer exchanged by exhaustive dialysis [3 changes of at least 20 volumes (>8000 x)] against PBS [100 mM NaPhosphate, pH 8 and 150 mM NaCI]. The concentration of RORy-LBD was approximately 30 uM in PBS. Five-fold molar excess of NHS-LC-Biotin (Pierce) was added in a minimal volume of PBS. This solution was incubated with occasional gentle mixing for 60 minutes at ambient room temperature. The modified RORy-LBD was dialyzed against 2 buffer changes - TBS pH 8.0 containing 5 mM DTT, 2 mM EDTA and 2 % sucrose - each at least 20 times of the volume.
  • the modified protein was distributed into aliquots, frozen on dry ice and stored at - 80 °C.
  • the biotinylated RORy-LBD was subjected to mass spectrometric analysis to reveal the extent of modification by the biotinylation reagent. In general, approximately 95 % of the protein had at least a single site of biotinylation and the overall extent of biotinylation followed a normal distribution of multiple sites ranged from one to five.
  • a biotinylated peptide corresponding to amino acid 676 to 700 (CPSSHSSLTERHKILHRLLQEGSPS) of the co-activator steroid receptor coactivator SRC1(2) was generated using similar method.
  • Protocol Step 1 Preparation of Europium labeled SRC1(2) peptide
  • Biotinylated SRC1(2) solution was prepared by adding an appropriate amount of biotinylated SRC1(2) from the 100 uM stock solution to a buffer containing 10 mM of freshly added DTT from solid to give a final concentration of 40 nM.
  • Streptavidin was then added to the biotinylated SRC1(2) solution in a tube to give a final concentration of 10 nM. The tube was inverted gently and incubated for 15 minutes at room temperature. Twenty-fold excess biotin from the 10 mM stock solution was added and the tube was inverted gently and incubated for 10 minutes at room temperature.
  • Biotinylated RORy-LBD solution was prepared by adding an appropriate amount of biotinylated RORy-LBD from the stock solution to a buffer containing 10 mM of freshly added DTT from solid to give a final concentration of 40 nM. An appropriate amount of APC labeled Streptavidin was then added to the biotinylated RORy-LBD solution in a tube to give a final concentration of 20 nM. The tube was inverted gently and incubated for 15 minutes at room temperature. Twenty-fold excess biotin from the 10 mM stock solution was then added and the tube was inverted gently and incubated for 10 minutes at room temperature.
  • Equal volumes of the above-described Europium labeled SRC1(2) peptide and the APC labeled RORy-LBD were gently mixed together to give 20 nM RORy-LBD, 10 nM APC-Strepavidin, 20 nM SRC1(2) and 5 nM Europium-Streptavidin.
  • the reaction mixtures were incubated for 5 minutes.
  • 25 uL of the reaction mixtures per well was added to the 384-well assay plates containing 1 uL of test compound per well in 100 % DMSO. The plates were incubated for 1 hour and then read on ViewLux in Lance mode for EU/APC.
  • the exemplified compounds of formula (I) were tested in the dual FRET assay described above. All exemplified compounds of formula (I), with the exception of E3, E6, E70, E92 and E102 that were not tested, were found to have a mean pIC50 between 5.0 and 8.0.
  • the exemplified compounds of formula (I) E12, E20, E21, E23, E24, E25, E26 and E98 were found to have a mean pIC50 value of > 7.8.
  • E123, E124, E125 and E126 were found to have mean pIC50 values of 7.5, 7.7, 7.5 and 7.2, respectively.
  • PBMC Assay - IL-17 Peripheral Blood Mononucleocyte Cell Assay
  • RORs are members of the class 1 nuclear receptor family. RORs regulate gene transcription by binding to specific DNA response element (RORE) as a monomer and have critical roles of in development, immunity, circadian rhythm, and cellular metabolism (recently reviewed by A. Jetten, Nuclear Receptor Signaling 2009, 7, 1-32).
  • RORvt One member of this nuclear receptor family, RORvt, has been identified as a regulator of differentiation and development of IL-17 expressing human and mouse CD4+ T cells, so called Thl7 cells which play a role in both host defence and inflammatory disorders.
  • RORvt is also required for transcription of the genes encoding IL-17A and IL-17F in iNKT, NKT ⁇ Mucosal Immunol. 2009, 2(5), 383-392; J. Immunol. 2008, 180, 5167-5171), ⁇ T cells (Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2010, 182, 464-476), CD8 + T cells (J. Leukocyte Biol. 2007, 82, 354-360) and finally CD4 " CD8TCRa + T cells (J. Immunol. 2008, 181, 8761-8766). Additional immune cells such as eosinophils, neutrophils and macrophages can also be a source of IL-17A in allergic inflammation related to asthma (J.
  • This assay is designed to measure levels of IL-17A secreted from antiCD3/CD28 stimulated frozen Peripheral Blood Mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from human blood with the aim of identifying inhibitors of IL-17A release.
  • PBMC Peripheral Blood Mononuclear cells
  • FCS (as supplied, for example, by Invitrogen) (endotoxin tested) - 10 %
  • Penicllin/Streptomycin 100X stock is supplied by, for example, Gibco (10,000 Units/mL Penicillin, 10,000 ug/mL Streptomycin).
  • Stock L-glutamine 100X (as supplied, for example, by Invitrogen) Note: To be kept in a fridge (4 °C) for 4 weeks. Warm up in a water bath set at 37 °C prior to use.
  • Anti-human IL- 17 detection antibody Components :
  • IL-17 detection antibody and Blocking buffer B supplied, for example, by Mesoscale Discovery
  • Dulbecco's PBS without Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ supplied, for example, by Gibco
  • MSD Read Buffer Tx 2 Components: Water and MSD Read Buffer T x 4 (as supplied, for example, by MSD)
  • MSD Sector Imager 6000 supplied by MesoScale Discovery (MSD)
  • Microplates 384 clear supplied by Greiner
  • Protocol Step 1 Assay plates preparation before adding cell suspension
  • the compounds for screening are dispensed into a master plate at 10 mM top concentration which are serially diluted 1:3 across 11 points in DMSO, then 500 nL is transferred into a 384-well flat-bottomed Greiner plate to which 50 uL of cell suspension is added: for the single shot screening the highest concentration of compound is 10 "5 M; for 11 point full curve dose response studies the highest concentration is 10 "4 M.
  • 5-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-ureidothiophene-3-carboxamide (obtainable from, for example, Sigma) at a final concentration of 10 "4 M in DMSO should be used in column 18 (16 points).
  • Protocol Step 2 Day 1: Thawing and Handing ofPBMC
  • Protocol Step 3 Day 1: Stimulation of PBMC with CD3/CD28 beads
  • Blocker B buffer is flicked out into a waste pot and 40 uL of PBS is dispensed into the plate using a combi. This is then flicked out manually and the plates tapped on to blue roll to remove as much residual liquid as possible before transferring the cell supernatant.
  • Protocol Step 5 Day 3: IL- 17 Detection on MSD plates 1. Transfer 10 uL of supernatants from assay plates to the MSD plates using Cybiwell. Ensure that all wells are covered with the solution. Tap the plate gently, if some of the wells are not covered with the supernatant.
  • Ex-vivo human skin model Fresh ex vivo human skin from healthy bariatric patients, that underwent abdominoplasty skin removal, was de-fatted and dermatomed at 750 ⁇ . Dermatomed skin was incubated twice for 5- 10 minutes at room temperature in PBS containing a antibiotic/antimycotic solution: Fungizone (Invitrogen #15290018), PSG (Fisher #BW17718R) and Gentamicin (Invitrogen #15750060). Skin was treated aseptically from this point on. Individual skin samples were obtained by 10 mm punch biopsy and placed in a 0.4 ⁇ PCF membrane transwell (Millicell #PIHP01250 ) containing 30 ⁇ of a 64% bovine collagen solution.
  • Second delta Normalized to sample 13 (Day 0 + DMSO) for the gene of interest.
  • Example E124 inhibited gene transcription of ill7a, ill7f and ⁇ 22 using four different donors.
  • Enantiomers of Example E123: E125 and E126 were also tested in the target engagement model using ex-vivo human skin. Both compounds also inhibited gene transcription of ill7a, H17f and ⁇ 22 genes. The suppressive effect was specific and statistically significant in almost all skin donors tested as the effect was seen in all RORy-dependent cytokines (IL-17A, IL-17F and IL-22) but in IFNg.
  • Table 1 Percentage of inhibition of IL-17A, IL-17F and IL-22 mRNA expression after treatment with Example E123.

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Abstract

The present invention is directed to novel retinoid-related orphan receptor gamma (RORγ) modulators, processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing these modulators, and their use in the treatment of inflammatory, metabolic and autoimmune diseases mediated by RORγ.

Description

NOVEL COMPOUNDS
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to novel retinoid-related orphan receptor gamma (RORy) modulators, processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing these modulators, and their use in the treatment of inflammatory, metabolic and autoimmune diseases mediated by RORy.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Retinoid-related orphan receptors (RORs) are transcription factors that form a subgroup of the nuclear receptor superfamily (Adv. Dev. Biol. 2006, 16, 313-355). This subgroup consists of three members: ROR alpha (RORa), ROR beta (RORP) and ROR gamma (RORy). RORa and ROR have approximately 55 % homology in the ligand binding domains to RORy. RORs contain four principal domains shared by the majority of nuclear receptors: an N-terminal A/B domain, a DNA-binding domain, a hinge domain and a ligand binding domain.
The RORa, ROR and RORy genes have been mapped to human chromosomes 15q22.2, 9q21.13 and lq21.3, respectively. Each ROR gene generates several isoforms, which differ only in their N-terminal A/B domain. To date, five splice variants have been recorded for RORy and two isoforms of this member of the ROR family have been identified: RORyl and RORy2 (also known as RORyt). RORy is a term used to describe RORyl and/or RORyt.
While RORyl is expressed in a variety of tissues including thymus, muscle, kidney and liver, RORyt is exclusively expressed in the cells of the immune system and has a critical role in thymopoiesis, development of several secondary lymphoid tissues and Thl7 lineage
specification.
RORyt has been identified as a key regulator of Thl7 cell differentiation (A. Jetten, Nuclear Receptor Signalling 2009, 7, 1-32). Thl7 cells are a recently discovered subset of T helper cells which preferentially produce cytokines IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21 and IL-22. RORyt also induces transcription of the gene encoding IL-17A and IL-17F in naive CD4+ T helper cells, iNKT and NKT (Mucosal Immunol. 2009, 2(5), 383-392; J. Immunol. 2008, 180, 5167-5171), γδΤ cells (Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2010, 182, 464-476), CD8+ T cells (J. Leukocyte Biol. 2007, 82, 354-360) and finally CD4"CD8TCRa + T cells (J. Immunol. 2008, 181, 8761-8766). Additional immune cells such as eosinophils, neutrophils and macrophages can also be a source of IL-17A in allergic inflammation related to asthma {J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2001, 108, 430-438; J. Immunol. 2008, 181, 6117-6124; Immunity 2004, 21, 467-476).
Thl7 cells and their products have been shown to be associated with the pathology of a number of human inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. IL-17A and IL-17F are implicated in numerous immune and inflammatory responses primarily as pro-inflammatory regulators inducing the expression of cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, mucin genes and growth factors. There is emerging evidence that an increase in IL-17A level is closely associated with a range of chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis {Curr. Opin. Investig. Drugs 2009, 10, 452-462), multiple sclerosis (A/lergol. Int. 2008, 57(2), 115-120), inflammatory bowel diseases {J. Inflamm. Res. 2010, 3, 33-44), uveitis, psoriasis {Sci. Transl. Med. 2010, 2(52)) and lung diseases {Prog. Respir. Res. Basel 010, 39, 141-149; Resp. Research 2010, 11 (78), 1-11).
There is considerable evidence suggesting that Thl7 cells/ IL-17 play a key role in the pathogenesis of asthma. In asthmatic patients, both RORvt and IL-17A expression levels have been shown to be increased in sputum {Chin. Med. J. 2005, 118, 953-956; Resp. Res. 2006, 7(135), 1-9), lung {J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2003, 111(6), 1293-1298), bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids and peripheral blood {Immunol. Invest. 2009, 38, 652-664; Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. 2005, 137(suppl. 1), 51-54) and levels directly correlate with disease severity {Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. 2010, 151, 297-307). In addition to IL-17A, a recent study has shown that a further cytokine of the IL-17 family, IL-17F, may have a crucial role in allergic airway inflammation and hence have key implications in airway diseases, such as asthma. The overexpression of the IL-17F gene in mice airways was associated with airway neutrophilia, cytokine induction, an increase in airway hyperreactivity and mucus hypersecretion {Inflamm. Allergy Drug Targets 2009, 8, 383-389). Evidence of role of Thl7 cells in allergens has been discussed in Int. Immunopharmacol. 2010, 10, 226-229.
The pathogenesis of chronic autoimmune diseases including multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis arises from the break in tolerance towards self-antigens and the development of auto- aggressive effector T cells infiltrating the target tissues. Studies have shown that Thl7 cells are one of the important drivers of the inflammatory process in tissue-specific autoimmunity {J. Exp. Med. 2008, 205, 1517-1522; Cell. Mol. Immunol. 2010, 7, 182-189). There is also evidence that Thl7 cells are activated during the disease process and are responsible for recruiting other inflammatory cells types, especially neutrophils, to mediate pathology in the target tissues {Annu. Rev. Immunol. 2009, 27, 485-517). RORvt plays a critical role in the pathogenic responses of Thl7 cells (Ce//2006, 126, 1121-1133). RORvt deficient mice show very few Thl7 cells. Further support for the role of RORyt in the pathogensis of autoimmune or inflammatory diseases can be found in the following references: Immunity 2007, 26, 643-654; Nat. Rev.
Immunol. 2006, 6, 205-217; J. Immunol. 2009, 183, 7169-7177; Brain Pathol. 2004, 14, 164- 174; Brain 2007, 130, 1089-1104; Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2008, 8, 183-192.
In light of the role RORY plays in the pathogenesis of diseases, it is desirable to prepare compounds that modulate RORy activity and hence have utility in the treatment of inflammatory, metabolic and autoimmune diseases mediated by RORy, such as the respiratory diseases asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchitis, allergic diseases including allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis, cystic fibrosis and lung allograph rejection.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the invention, there is provided novel retinoid-related orphan receptor gamma (RORy) modulators, processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions comprising these modulators, and their use in the treatment of inflammatory, metabolic and autoimmune diseases mediated by RORy. More specifically, the present invention is directed to compounds of formula (I), and to pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof:
Figure imgf000004_0001
(I)
wherein
Ri, R2, and R5 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, Ci-3alkyl, Ci- 3alkoxy, CF3, and halo;
R3 and R4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, CH3, OCH3, CF3 and halo;
R6 is C3-5alkyl or -CH2C3-4cycloalkyl;
R7 is selected from the group consisting of:
Figure imgf000005_0001
each Rs is independently selected from the group consisting of halo, Ci-6alkyl, Ci-6alkoxy, C3- ecycloalkyl, CN, OH, C(0)OH, C(0)OCi-3alkyl and CH2OH;
R9 is the group -(CHRi0)s-(X)t-(CHR10)u-Rii;
each R10 is independently selected from H, CH3, OH and CH2OH;
X is CH2, NH or 0;
Rii is a heterocycloalkyl or C3-6cycloalkyl group which may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of CH3, OMe, OH, CH2OH and halo;
r is 0, 1 or 2;
s is 0, 1 or 2;
t is 0 or 1;
u is 0, 1 or 2;
with the proviso that no more than two Ri0 groups represent CH3, OH or CH2OH.
In one aspect, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a) a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and b) one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. In a further aspect, the present invention provides a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in therapy.
Compounds of formula (I), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, are modulators of RORy and can be useful in the treatment of inflammatory, metabolic and autoimmune diseases mediated by RORy, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchitis, allergic diseases including allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis, cystic fibrosis, lung allograph rejection, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, Osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, Hashimoto's disease, pancreatisis, autoimmune diabetes, autoimmune ocular disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, inflammatory bowel disease (IBS), inflammatory bowel syndrome (IBD), Sjorgen's syndrome, optic neuritis, type I diabetes, neuromyelitis optica, Myasthenia Gravis, uveitis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, psoriatic arthritis, Graves' disease, and scleritis.
In a further aspect, the present invention provides a compound of formula (I), or a
pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in the treatment of asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
In a further aspect, the present invention provides a compound of formula (I), or a
pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in the treatment of psoriasis.
In a further aspect, the present invention is directed to a method of treatment of an
inflammatory, metabolic or autoimmune disease mediated by RORy, which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof, a safe and therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
In yet a further aspect, the present invention is directed to a method of treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma, which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof, a safe and therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
In yet a further aspect, the present invention is directed to a method of treating psoriasis, which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof, a safe and therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In a further aspect, the present invention is directed to the use of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the treatment of an inflammatory, metabolic or autoimmune disease mediated by RORy.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In a first aspect, the present invention is directed to a compound of formula (I), or a
pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
Figure imgf000007_0001
wherein
Ri, R2, and R5 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, Ci-3alkyl, Ci- 3alkoxy, CF3, and halo;
R3 and R4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, CH3, OCH3, CF3 and halo;
R6 is C3-5alkyl or -CH2C3-4cycloalkyl;
R is selected from the group consisting of:
Figure imgf000007_0002
each Rs is independently selected from the group consisting of halo, Ci-6alkyl, Ci-6alkoxy, C3- ecycloalkyl, CN, OH, C(0)OH, C(0)OCi-3alkyl and CH2OH;
R9 is the group -(CHR10)s-(X)t-(CHR10)u-Rii;
each Rio is independently selected from H, CH3, OH and CH2OH;
X is CH2, NH or 0;
R11 is a heterocycloalkyl or C3-6cycloalkyl group which may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of CH , OMe, OH,
CH2OH and halo;
r is 0, 1 or 2;
s is 0, 1 or 2;
t is 0 or 1;
u is 0, 1 or 2;
with the proviso that no more than two Rio groups represent CH3, OH or CH2OH. In a further aspect, the present invention is directed to a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
Figure imgf000008_0001
(I) wherein
Ri, R2, and R5 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, Ci-3alkyl, Ci- 3alkoxy, CF3, and halo;
R3 and R4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, CH , OCH , CF and halo;
R6 is C3-5alkyl or -CH2C3-4cycloalkyl;
R is selected from the group consisting of:
Figure imgf000008_0002
each Rs is independently selected from the group consisting of halo, Ci-6alkyl, Ci-6alkoxy, C3- ecycloalkyl, CN, OH, C(0)OH, C(0)OC1-3alkyl and CH2OH;
R9 is the group -(GHRio)s-(X)t-(CHR10)u-Rii;
each R10 is independently selected from H, CH , OH and CH2OH;
X is CH2, NH or 0;
Rii is a heterocycloalkyl or C3-6cycloalkyl group which may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of CH3, OMe, OH, CH2OH and halo;
r is 0, 1 or 2;
s is 0, 1 or 2;
t is 0 or 1;
u is 0, 1 or 2; with the proviso that no more than two Rio groups represent CH3, OH or CH2OH, and with the further proviso that Ri, R2, R3, R^ and R5 are not all H.
In a further aspect, the present invention provides subsets of the compounds of formula (I), of formula (la - Ig), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
)
Figure imgf000009_0001
In a further aspect, the present invention provides subsets of the compounds of formula (I), of formula (la - Ic), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
(lb)
Figure imgf000010_0001
(IC).
In a further aspect, the present invention provides a subset of compounds of formula (I), of formula (la), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
Figure imgf000010_0002
(la).
In a further aspect, the present invention provides a subset of compounds of formula (I), of formula (la) above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R5 is Ci-3alkyl. In a further aspect, the present invention is directed to a compound of formula (la), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: 0^=S^=0 R;
R7 (la)
wherein Ri is selected from the group consisting of H, Ci-3alkyl, Ci-3alkoxy, CF3, and halo; R2, R3 and R4 are H;
R5 is C1-3alkyl;
R6 is C3-5alkyl or -CH2C3- cycloalkyl;
R is selected from the group consisting of:
Figure imgf000011_0001
each Rs is independently selected from the group consisting of halo, Ci-6alkyl, Ci-6alkoxy, C3- ecycloalkyl, CN, OH, C(0)OH, C(0)OC1-3alkyl and CH2OH;
R9 is the group -(CHR10)s-(X)t-(CHR10)u-Rii;
each Rio is independently selected from H, CH3, OH and CH2OH;
X is CH2, NH or 0;
R11 is a heterocycloalkyl or C3-6 cycloalkyl group which may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of CH3, OMe, OH, CH2OH and halo;
r is 0, 1 or 2;
s is 0, 1 or 2;
t is 0 or 1;
u is 0, 1 or 2;
with the proviso that no more than two Rio groups represent CH3, OH or CH2OH.
In a further aspect, the present invention provides a subset of compounds of formula (I), of formula (la) above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Ri is H. In a further aspect, the present invention provides a subset of compounds of formula (I), of formula (la) above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Ri and R5 are each independently CH3 or halo. In a further aspect, the present invention provides a subset of compounds of formula (I), of formula (la) above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Ri and R5 are CH3.
In a further aspect of the present invention, R6 is selected from the group consisting of propyl, isobutyl, and -CH2cyclopropyl.
In a further aspect of the present invention, R6 is isobutyl. In a further aspect of the present invention, R7 is:
Figure imgf000012_0001
In a further aspect of the present invention, R7 is:
Figure imgf000012_0002
In a further aspect of the present invention, r is 1. In a further aspect of the present invention, r is 2.
In a further aspect of the present invention, each R8 is independently selected from the group consisting of CH3, OCH3, CH2OH, cyclopropyl, fluoro and chloro.
In a further aspect of the present invention, R8 is CH2OH.
In a further aspect of the present invention, r is 0. In a further aspect of the present invention, s is 0. In a further aspect of the present invention, s is 1. In a further aspect of the present invention, u is 2.
In a further aspect of the present invention, u is 1.
In a further aspect of the present invention, u is 0.
In a further aspect of the present invention, t is 1 and X is 0. In a further aspect of the present invention, t is 0.
In a further aspect of the present invention, each Ι½ is H.
In a further aspect of the present invention, s is 0, t is 1, X is O, u is 1 in which R10 is H. In a further aspect of the present invention, s is 1 in which Ri0 is OH, t is 0 and u is 1 in which Rio is H.
In a further aspect of the present invention, Rn is a heterocycloalkyl group selected from oxirane, oxetane, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydro-2 pyran, pyrrolidine, piperidine, morpholine, morpholin-3-one, and thiomorpholine 1,1-dioxide.
In a further aspect of the present invention, Rn is a heterocycloalkyl selected from tetrahydro- 2H-pyran and morpholine. In a further aspect of the present invention, Rn is cyclohexane.
In a further aspect of the present invention, Rn is unsubstituted.
It is understood that the present invention covers all combinations of substituent groups referred to herein above.
Specific examples of compounds of formula (I) are:
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-3-[(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)methyl]benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-[2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethoxy]benzene-l-sulfonamide; 2-[(2,4-dimethylphenyl)(2-methylpropyl)sulfamoyl]-5-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzoic acid; N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-methoxy-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylprop
sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[(cis-3-fluoropiperidin-4-yl)methoxy]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(piperidin-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l-sulfonamide; N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-[(l-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)methoxy]benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-[(5-oxomorpholin-2-yl)methoxy]benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[(3-methyl-5-oxomorpholin-3-yl)methoxy]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene- 1-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-{[l-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)piperidin-4- yl]methoxy}benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-((cis-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methoxy)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide;
4-[(3,5-dihydroxycyclohexyl)oxy]-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
4-(((lS,3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxycyclohexyl)oxy)-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide;
4-[2-(3,5-dimethylmorpholin-4-yl)ethoxy]-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-[(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)methyl]benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-[(oxetan-3-ylmethoxy)methyl]benzene-l- sulfonamide;
3-chloro-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
3-cyclopropyl-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide; N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-N-(2-methylpropyl)ben sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3,5-difluoro-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-methyl-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-methyl-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-hydroxy-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
2- chloro-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-fluoro-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-fluoro-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-methoxy-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxolan-3-ylmethoxy)benzene-l-sulfonamide; N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-hydroxy-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(morpholin-4-yl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-yloxy)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-ethoxy-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-4-(((2R,3R)-2-methylmorpholin-3- yl)methoxy)benzenesulfonamide;
3- cyano-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
2-cyano-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[(cis-3-fluoropiperidin-4-yl)methoxy]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
4- (cyclohexylmethoxy)-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide; 4-[(2,6-dimethylcyclohexyl)methoxy]-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzen sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[(3-hydroxycyclohexyl)oxy]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide; 4-{[(2S)-4,4-difluoropyrrolidin-2-yl]methoxy}-N-(2,4-dinnethylphenyl)-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-3-ylmethoxy)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylprop
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-(l,4-dioxan-2-ylmethoxy)-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonami^ N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[(4-methylcyclohexyl)methoxy]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-{[l-(morpholin-4-yl)propan-2-yl]oxy}benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(morpholin-2-ylmethoxy)benzene-l-sulfonamide; N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(morpholin-3-ylmethoxy)benzene-l-sulfonamide; N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-2-ylmethoxy)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
4-[(6,6-dimethylmorpholin-3-yl)methoxy]-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-3-[2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethoxy]benzene-l-sulfonamide; N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-{[(2R,3S)-3-hydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy}-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene- 1-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[(4-fluoropiperidin-4-yl)methoxy]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[(2,6-dioxo-l,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-4-yl)methoxy]-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-3-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-{[(2R,3S,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2- yl]methoxy}benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[(l-methylpiperidin-4-yl)oxy]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-{[(cis-3-fluoropiperidin-4-yl)methoxy]methyl}-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
4-[2-(2,6-dimethylmorpholin-4-yl)ethoxy]-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide; N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2,3-difluoro-N-(2-methylprop
sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-{[l-(2-methoxyethyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl]methoxy}-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[(l-ethylpyrrolidin-3-yl)methoxy]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[(l-methylpi
sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(pyrrolidin-3-ylmethoxy)benzene-l-sulfonamide; N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(piperidin-4-yloxy)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-3-(piperidin-4-yloxy)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
4-(azetidin-3-ylmethoxy)-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide; N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-{[(6-oxopiperidin-3-yl)oxy]methyl}benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)-2-(propan-2-yloxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-{l-hydroxy-2-[(3-methyloxetan-3-yl)amino]ethyl}-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(piperidin-l-yl)ethyl]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-(2-(l,l-dioxidothiomorpholino)-l-hydroxyethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[2-(3-fluoropiperidin-l-yl)-l-hydroxyethyl]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene- 1-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-{l-hydroxy-2-[2-(hydroxymethyl)morpholin-4-yl]ethyl}-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[2-(4-fluoropiperidin-l-yl)-l-hydroxyethyl]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene- 1-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[2-hydroxy-l-(piperidin-l-yl)ethyl]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[3-(hydroxymethyl)morpholin-4-yl]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-{[(3S,4R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxolan-2- yl]methoxy}benzene-l-sulfonamide; N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-{[(3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxolan-2- yl]methoxy}benzene-l-sulfonamide;
3-chloro-4-[2-(4,4-difluoropiperidin-l-yl)-l-hydroxyethyl]-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
3-chloro-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[2-hydroxy-l-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
3-chloro-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
3-chloro-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-{2-oxa-6-azaspiro[3.3]heptan-6-yl}ethyl)-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
3-chloro-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-{l-hydroxy-2-[trans-(3-hydroxycyclobutyl)amino]ethyl}-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-fluoro-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-2-methyl-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[2-hydroxy-l-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-3-methyl-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-3-methyl-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
5-[(2,4-dimethylphenyl)(2-methylpropyl)sulfamoyl]-2-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzoic acid;
2-bromo-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
2- cyclopropyl-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-{l-hydroxy-2-[(oxan-4-yl)amino]ethyl}-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l^ sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxypiperidin-l-yl)ethyl]-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxypiperidin-l-yl)ethyl]-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
3- cyano-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
3-chloro-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide; N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[2-hydroxy-l-(4-hydroxypiperidin-l-yl)ethyl]-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-{l-hydroxy-2-[(oxan-3-yl)amino]ethyl}-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[2-hydroxy-l-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(5-oxopyrrolidin-2-yl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[2-(hydroxymethyl)morpholin-4-yl]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3,5-difluoro-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(5-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-fluoro-4-{l-hydroxy-2-[(3-methyloxetan-3-yl)amino]ethyl}-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-{l-hydroxy-2-[(3-methyloxetan-3-yl)amino]ethyl}-2-methyl-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-{l-hydroxy-2-[(3-methyloxetan-3-yl)amino]ethyl}-3-methyl-N-( methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-hydroxy-4-[2-hydroxy-l-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
methyl 5-[(2,4-dimethylphenyl)(2-methylpropyl)sulfamoyl]-2-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzoate;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-{l-hydroxy-2-[(3-methyloxetan-3-yl)amino]ethyl}-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2-ethylphenyl)-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
4-[l,2-dihydroxy-3-(morpholin-4-yl)propyl]-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene- 1-sulfonamide;
4-[l,2-dihydroxy-3-(morpholin-4-yl)propyl]-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene- 1-sulfonamide; N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-{l-hydroxy-2-[(oxetan-3-yl)amino]ethyl}-N-(2-methylpropyl)ben 1-sulfonamide;
4-[l,3-dihydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)propyl]-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene- 1-sulfonamide;
4-[l,3-dihydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)propyl]-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene- 1-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide;
N-(4-ethylphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N-isobutyl-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- yl)methoxy)benzenesulfonamide;
(S)-N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide; and
(R)-N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide.
In a further aspect, the present invention provides a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which is selected from the group consisting of:
N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide;
N-(4-ethylphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N-isobutyl-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- yl)methoxy)benzenesulfonamide;
(S)-N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide; and
(R)-N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide.
In a further aspect, the present invention provides a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which is (S)-N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-3- (hydroxymethyl)-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide. In a further aspect, the present invention provides a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which is N-(4-ethylphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N-isobutyl-4-((tetrahydro- 2H-pyran-4-yl)methoxy)benzenesulfonamide. As used herein, the term "alkyl" refers to a saturated hydrocarbon chain having the specified number of carbon atoms. For example, Ci-6 alkyl refers to an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 member atoms. Unless otherwise stated, alkyl groups are unsubstituted. Alkyl groups may be straight chain or branched. The term "alkyl" includes, but is not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl (^-propyl and isopropyl), butyl (^-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl and terf-butyl), pentyl, and hexyl.
As used herein, the term "alkoxy" refers to an -O-alkyl group wherein "alkyl" is defined above.
As used herein, the term "heterocycloalkyl" refers to a saturated or unsaturated 3 to 7 membered monocyclic or bicyclic ring, which must contain 1, 2 or 3 non-carbon atoms, which are selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. Heterocycloalkyl groups may contain one or more C(O), S(O) or S02 groups. Bicyclic heterocycloalkyl groups include spiro compounds, wherein rings are connected through just one atom. However, heterocycloalkyl groups are not aromatic. Heterocycloalkyl groups containing more than one heteroatom may contain different heteroatoms. Heterocycloalkyl includes, but is not limited to, pyrrolidine, piperidine, oxetane, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydro-2H-pyran, morpholine, morpholine-3-one, piperidin-2-one, pyrimidine-2,4(lH,3H)-dione, thiomorpholine, thiomorpholine 1,1-dioxide.
As used herein, the term "cycloalkyi" refers to a saturated hydrocarbon ring having the specified number of carbon atoms. Cycloalkyi groups are monocyclic ring systems. For example, C3- 6cycloalkyl refers to a cycloalkyi group having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms. Cycloalkyi includes cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl.
As used herein, the term "halo" refers to the halogen radicals fluoro, chloro, bromo and iodo. As used herein, the term "RORy" refers to all isoforms of this member of the ROR family, including RORyl and RORvt.
As used herein, the term "RORy modulator" refers to a chemical compound of formula (I) that inhibits, either directly or indirectly, the activity of RORy. RORy modulators include antagonists and inverse agonists of RORy. The compounds of formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof may contain one or more asymmetric center (also referred to as a chiral center) and may, therefore, exist as individual enantiomers, diastereomers, or other stereoisomeric forms, or as mixtures thereof. Chiral centers, such as chiral carbon atoms, may also be present in a substituent such as an alkyl group. Where the stereochemistry of a chiral center present in a compound of formula (I), or in any chemical structure illustrated herein, is not specified the structure is intended to encompass all individual stereoisomers and all mixtures thereof. Thus, compounds of formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof containing one or more chiral center may be used as racemic mixtures, enantiomerically enriched mixtures, or as enantiomerically pure individual stereoisomers.
Individual stereoisomers of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which contain one or more asymmetric center may be resolved by methods known to those skilled in the art. For example, such resolution may be carried out (1) by formation of diastereoisomeric salts, complexes or other derivatives; (2) by selective reaction with a stereoisomer-specific reagent, for example by enzymatic oxidation or reduction; or (3) by gas- liquid or liquid chromatography in a chiral environment, for example, on a chiral support such as silica with a bound chiral ligand or in the presence of a chiral solvent. The skilled artisan will appreciate that where the desired stereoisomer is converted into another chemical entity by one of the separation procedures described above, a further step is required to liberate the desired form. Alternatively, specific stereoisomers may be synthesized by asymmetric synthesis using optically active reagents, substrates, catalysts or solvents, or by converting one enantiomer to the other by asymmetric transformation. In certain aspects, compounds of formula (I) may contain an acidic functional group. In certain other embodiments, compounds of formula (I) may contain a basic functional group. Thus, the skilled artisan will appreciate that pharmaceutically-acceptable salts of the compounds of formula (I) may be prepared. Indeed, in certain embodiments of the invention, pharmaceutically- acceptable salts of the compounds of formula (I) may be preferred over the respective free base or free acid because such salts may impart greater stability or solubility to the molecule thereby facilitating formulation into a dosage form.
In certain embodiments, compounds according to formula (I) may contain a basic functional group and are therefore capable of forming pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts by treatment with a suitable acid. Suitable acids include pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic acids and pharmaceutically acceptable organic acids. Representative pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts include hydrochloride, hydrobromide, nitrate, methylnitrate, sulfate, bisulfate, sulfamate, phosphate, acetate, hydroxyacetate, phenylacetate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, valerate, maleate, hydroxymaleate, acrylate, fumarate, malate, tartrate, citrate, salicylate, p-aminosalicyclate, glycollate, lactate, heptanoate, phthalate, oxalate, succinate, benzoate, o-acetoxybenzoate, chlorobenzoate, methylbenzoate, dinitrobenzoate, hydroxybenzoate, methoxybenzoate, naphthoate, hydroxynaphthoate, mandelate, tannate, formate, stearate, ascorbate, palmitate, oleate, pyruvate, pamoate, malonate, laurate, glutarate, glutamate, estolate, methanesulfonate (mesylate), ethanesulfonate (esylate), 2- hydroxyethanesulfonate, benzenesulfonate (besylate), p-aminobenzenesulfonate, p- toluenesulfonate (tosylate), and napthalene-2-sulfonate.
In certain embodiments, compounds according to formula (I) may contain an acidic functional group. Suitable pharmaceutically-acceptable salts include salts of such acidic functional groups. Representative salts include pharmaceutically acceptable metal salts such as sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum, and zinc salts; carbonates and bicarbonates of a pharmaceutically acceptable metal cation such as sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum, and zinc; pharmaceutically acceptable organic primary, secondary, and tertiary amines including aliphatic amines, aromatic amines, aliphatic diamines, and hydroxy alkylamines such as methylamine, ethylamine, 2-hydroxyethylamine, diethylamine, TEA, ethylenediamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, and cyclohexylamine.
For reviews on suitable pharmaceutical salts see Berge et al, J. Pharm, Sci., 66, 1-19, 1977; P L Gould, International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 33 (1986), 201-217; and Bighley et al,
Encyclopaedia of Pharmaceutical Technology, Marcel Dekker Inc, New York 1996, Volume 13, page 453-497. Other salts that are not deemed pharmaceutically acceptable may be useful in the preparation of compounds of formula (I) and are included within the scope of the invention, such as those formed with ammonia and trifluoroacetic acid. The present invention encompasses all possible stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric forms of the salts of the compounds of formula (I)-
As used herein, the term "pharmaceutically-acceptable salts" refers to salts that retain the desired biological activity of the subject compound and exhibit minimal undesired toxicological effects. These pharmaceutically-acceptable salts may be prepared in situ during the final isolation and purification of the compound, or by separately reacting the purified compound in its free acid or free base form with a suitable base or acid, respectively. The invention also includes all suitable isotopic variations of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. An isotopic variation of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is defined as one in which at least one atom is replaced by an atom having the same atomic number but an atomic mass different from the atomic mass usually found in nature. Examples of isotopes that can be incorporated into compounds of the invention include isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine and chlorine such as 2H, 3H, 13C, 14C, 15N, 170, 180, 18F and 36CI, respectively. Certain isotopic variations of a compound of formula (I) or a salt or solvate thereof, for example, those in which a radioactive isotope such as 3H or 14C is incorporated, are useful in drug and/or substrate tissue distribution studies. Tritiated, i.e., 3H, and carbon-14, i.e., 14C, isotopes are particularly preferred for their ease of preparation and detectability. Further, substitution with isotopes such as deuterium, i.e., 2H, may afford certain therapeutic advantages resulting from greater metabolic stability, for example, increased in vivo half-life or reduced dosage requirements and hence may be preferred in some circumstances. Isotopic variations of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically salt thereof, can generally be prepared by conventional procedures such as by the illustrative methods or by the preparations described in the Examples hereafter using appropriate isotopic variations of suitable reagents.
A compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, may be in amorphous or crystalline form. Moreover, a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, may exist in one or more crystalline forms. Consequently, the present invention includes within its scope all forms of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The person skilled in the art will appreciate that many organic compounds can form complexes with solvents in which they are reacted or from which they are precipitated or crystallised. These complexes are known as "solvates". Where the solvent is water the complex is known as a "hydrate". The present invention encompasses all solvates of the compounds of formula (I). In addition, prodrugs are also included within the context of this invention. As used herein, the term "prodrug" means a compound which is converted within the body, e.g. by hydrolysis in the blood, into its active form that has medical effects. Pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs are described in T. Higuchi and V. Stella, Prodrugs as Novel Delivery Systems, Vol. 14 of the A.C.S. Symposium Series, Edward B. Roche, ed., Bioreversible Carriers in Drug Design, American Pharmaceutical Association and Pergamon Press, 1987, and in D. Fleisher, S. Ramon and H. Barbra "Improved oral drug delivery: solubility limitations overcome by the use of prodrugs", Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews (1996) 19(2) 115-130, each of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Prodrugs are any covalently bonded carriers that release a compound of formula (I) in vivo when such prodrug is administered to a patient. Prodrugs are generally prepared by modifying functional groups in a way such that the modification is cleaved, either by routine manipulation or in vivo, yielding the parent compound. Prodrugs include, for example, compounds of this invention wherein hydroxy, amine or sulfhydryl groups are bonded to any group that, when administered to a patient, cleaves to form the hydroxy, amine or sulfhydryl groups. Thus, representative examples of prodrugs include (but are not limited to) acetate, formate and benzoate derivatives of alcohol, sulfhydryl and amine functional groups of the compounds of formula (I). Further, in the case of a carboxylic acid (-COOH), esters may be employed, such as methyl esters, ethyl esters, and the like. Esters may be active in their own right and /or be hydrolysable under in vivo conditions in the human body. Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable in vivo hydrolysable ester groups include those which break down readily in the human body to leave the parent acid or its salt.
Experimental Compounds of the invention may be prepared by methods known in the art of organic synthesis as set forth in part by the following synthesis schemes. In the following reaction schemes and hereafter, unless otherwise stated, all the groups are defined in the first aspect. It is also recognised that in all of the schemes described below, it is well understood that protecting groups for sensitive or reactive groups are employed where necessary in accordance with general principles of organic synthesis (T. W. Greene and P. G. M. Wuts (1991) Protecting Groups in Organic Synthesis, John Wiley & Sons). These groups are removed at a convenient stage of the compound synthesis using methods that are readily apparent to those skilled in the art. The selection of processes as well as the reaction conditions and order of their execution shall be consistent with the preparation of compounds of the invention.
General Reaction Schemes
Scheme la and lb
Figure imgf000026_0001
Figure imgf000026_0002
Compounds of formula (A)a and (A)b may be prepared from sulfonyl chlorides of formula (C)a and (C)b respectively, by reaction with an aniline of formula (B), according to Scheme la and lb. Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together a sulfonyl chloride of formula (C)a or (C)b with the appropriate aniline (B), in a basic solvent such as pyridine, for a suitable time, such as 16 hours, at a suitable temperature, such as ambient.
Scheme 2a and 2b
Figure imgf000026_0003
Figure imgf000027_0001
Compounds of formula (A)c and (A)d may be prepared from intermediate compounds of formula (D)a and (D)b respectively, by coupling with an appropriately substituted alcohol according to Scheme 2a and 2b. Typical coupling conditions would include the 'Mitsunobu reaction' and comprise mixing the alcohol together with an intermediate compound of formula (D)a or (D)b and triphenylphosphine, in a suitable solvent, such as tetrahydrofuran. The mixture is then treated with a suitable coupling reagent, such as diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, and the reaction stirred for a suitable time, such as 16 hours, at a suitable temperature, such as ambient.
Scheme 3a and 3b
3
Figure imgf000027_0002
(A)e
Y = suitable leaving group eg. Br, I, CI, F, OTs, OMs
Z = O, NH
s = 0, 1, 2
u = 0, 1 , 2 3b
Figure imgf000028_0001
Y = suitable leaving group eg. Br, I, CI, F, OTs, OMs
Z = 0, NH
s = 1, 2
u = 0, 1 , 2
Compounds of formula (A)e and (A)f may be prepared from intermediate compounds of formula (D)c and (D)d respectively, by reaction with an appropriately substituted alkyl or heterocycloalkyi alcohol or amine according to Scheme 3a and 3b. Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing the alcohol or amine together with an intermediate compound of formula (D)c or (D)d, with a strong base such as sodium hydride, in a suitable solvent such as 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, under nitrogen at a suitable temperature, such as ambient for a suitable time, such as 3 hours.
Scheme 4a and 4b
4a
Figure imgf000028_0002
Y = suitable leaving group eg. Br, I, CI, F, OTs, OMs
s = 0, 1 , 2
u = 1 , 2
Figure imgf000029_0001
Compounds of formula (A)g and (A)h may be prepared from intermediate compounds of formula (D)e and (D)f respectively, by reaction with an appropriate alkylating agent according to Scheme 4a and 4b. Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing an intermediate compound of formula (D)e or (D)f, with a strong base such as sodium hydride in a suitable solvent, such as dimethyl sulfoxide, for a suitable time, such as 5 minutes, under nitrogen. The mixture is then treated with the alkylating agent and stirred at a suitable temperature such as ambient for a suitable time, such as 18 hours.
Scheme 5a and 5b
Figure imgf000029_0002
Figure imgf000030_0001
R12 = -halo, -(CHR10)s-halo, -vinyl, -OMe/-OBn, -C02Me/-C02Et, -CN, -NHAc
R = Re or H
Key intermediate compounds of formula (D), where R12 is a suitable functional group for later transformation into Rg; may be prepared from sulfonyl chlorides of formula (E)a and (E)b, by reaction with an aniline of formula (B) according to Scheme 5a and 5b. Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together a sulfonyl chloride of formula (E)a or (E)b with the appropriate aniline (B) in a basic solvent such as pyridine, for a suitable time, such as 16 hours, at a suitable temperature such as ambient. R12 may include functionality (which can be protected/masked) that is inert to reaction under the above conditions and may then be converted to Rg in subsequent step(s). Suitable examples for R12 can include -halo, -(CHR10)s-halo, -vinyl, -OMe/-OBn, -C02Me/-C02Et, -CN, -NHAc (the latter four which may then be deprotected or transformed to -OH, -CH2OH, -CH2NH2 and -NH2 respectively using methods known to those skilled in the art of organic synthesis).
Scheme 6a and 6b
6a
Figure imgf000031_0001
(D), R=H (D), R=f¾
Y = suitable leaving group eg. Br, I, CI, OTs
R12 = -halo, -(CHR10)s-halo, -vinyl, -OMe/-OBn, -C02Me/-C02Et, -CN, -NHAc
6b
Figure imgf000031_0002
(D), R=H (D), R=Re
Y = suitable leaving group eg. Br, I, CI, OTs
R12 = -halo, -(CHR10)s-halo, -vinyl, -OMe/-OBn, -C02Me/-C02Et, -CN, -NHAc Compounds of formula (D) where R=R6, may be prepared from intermediate compounds of formula (D), where R=H, by reaction with a suitable alkylating agent according to Scheme 6a and 6b. Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together a compound of formula (D), where R=H, with a strong base, such as Barton's base, in a suitable solvent such as acetonitrile, for a suitable time, such as 1 hour, at a suitable temperature such as ambient. The mixture is then treated with the appropriate alkylating agent and heated in a sealed vessel to a suitable temperature, for example 150 °C, by microwaves, for a suitable time, such as 25 minutes.
Scheme 7a and 7b 7a
Figure imgf000032_0001
7b
Figure imgf000032_0002
(F)b Secondary sulfonamide compounds of formula (F)a and (F)b may be prepared from sulfonyl chlorides of formula (C)a and (C)b respectively, by reaction with a primary aniline of formula (B), R=H, according to Scheme 7a and 7b. Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together a sulfonyl chloride of formula (C)a or (C)b with the appropriate aniline (B), R=H, in a basic solvent such as pyridine, for a suitable time, such as 16 hours, at a suitable temperature such as ambient.
Scheme 8a and 8b
Figure imgf000033_0001
Figure imgf000033_0002
Compounds of formula (A)i and (A)j, may be prepared from intermediate compounds of formula (F)a and (F)b, by reaction with a suitable alkylating agent according to Scheme 8a and 8b. Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together a compound of formula (F)a or (F)b, with a strong base, such as Barton's base, in a suitable solvent such as acetonitrile, for a suitable time, such as 1 hour, at a suitable temperature such as ambient. The mixture is then treated with the appropriate alkylating agent and heated in a sealed vessel to a suitable temperature, for example 150 °C, by microwaves, for a suitable time, such as 25 minutes.
Scheme 9 9
Figure imgf000034_0001
(B), R=H (B), R=R6
Secondary anilines of formula (B), R=R6 may be prepared from primary anilines of formula (B), R=H, by reaction with an appropriate primary alcohol according to Scheme 9. Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together a primary aniline (B), R=H, with the appropriate alcohol, a suitable base such as potassium iodide and a suitable catalyst such as
pentamethylcyclopentadienyliridium(III) chloride in a suitable solvent, such as water. The mixture is then heated in a sealed vessel to a suitable temperature, for example 170 °C, by microwaves, for a suitable time, such as 1 hour.
Scheme 10
10
Figure imgf000034_0002
Where 1-R5 should not be reactive towards palladium cross-coupling Secondary anilines of formula (B), R=R6 may be prepared from aryl chlorides of formula (G), by reaction with an appropriate primary alkylamine according to Scheme 10. Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together an aryl chloride (G), with with the appropriate primary alkyl amine, a suitable catalyst such as {l,3-bis[2,6-bis(l-methylethyl)phenyl]-2- imidazolidinyl}(chloro)(2-methyl-2-propen-l-yl)palladium and a suitable base such as lithium hexamethyldisilizide, in a suitable solvent, such as tetrahydrofuran. The mixture is then heated in a sealed vessel to a suitable temperature, for example 70 °C, by microwaves, for a suitable time, such as 45 minutes.
Scheme 11 11
Figure imgf000035_0001
Re' = C2- alkyl or cycloalkyl
A secondary aniline of formula (B), R=R6 may be prepared from a primary aniline of formula (B), R=H, by reaction with an appropriate aldehyde according to Scheme 11. Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together a primary aniline (B), R=H, with the appropriate aldehyde, in a suitable solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, for a suitable time, such as 20 minutes. The mixture is then treated with a suitable reducing agent, such as sodium triacetoxyborohydride and stirred for a suitable time, such as 18 hours, at a suitable temperature, such as ambient.
Scheme 12
12
Figure imgf000035_0002
(B), R=H (H) (B), R=Re
C2_4 alkyl or C3_4 cycloalkyl A secondary aniline of formula (B), R=R6 may be prepared from a primary aniline (B), in a two step process, via an intermediate primary amide of formula (H), according to Scheme 12.
Intermediate (H) may be prepared from a primary aniline (B) by reaction with a suitable anhydride. Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together a primary aniline of formula (B) with the appropriate anhydride in a suitable solvent, such as dichloromethane, with a suitable base such as triethylamine, under nitrogen, for a suitable time, such as 20 hours, at a suitable temperature, such as ambient. Secondary aniline (B), R=R6 may then be prepared from intermediate (H), by reduction of the amide. Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together an intermediate primary amide (H), with a suitable reducing agent, such as a solution of borane-tetrahydrofuran complex in tetrahydrofuran, in a suitable solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, under nitrogen. The mixture is then warmed to a suitable temperature, such as 60 °C, and stirred for a suitable time, such as 2 hours.
Scheme 13
Figure imgf000036_0001
Secondary anilines of formula (B), R=R6 may be prepared from primary anilines of formula (B), R=H, by reaction with an appropriate dialkylamine according to Scheme 13. Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together a primary aniline (B), R=H, with the appropriate dialkylamine, a suitable base such as potassium iodide and a suitable catalyst such as pentamethylcyclopentadienyliridium(III) chloride in a suitable solvent such as xylene. The mixture is then heated in a sealed vessel to a suitable temperature, for example 190 °C, by microwaves, for a suitable time, such as 2 hours. Scheme 14
Figure imgf000036_0002
Figure imgf000037_0001
Compounds of formula (A)k/(A)I and (A)m/(A)n may be prepared from epoxide-containing intermediate compounds of formula (K)a and (K)b respectively, by reaction with an appropriate amine, according to Scheme 14a and 14b. Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together epoxide-containing intermediate compound (K)a or (K)b with an excess of an appropriate amine, in a suitable solvent, such as ethanol, at a suitable temperature, such as 50 °C, for a suitable time, such as overnight. The ratio of regioisomeric products (A)k to (A)l or (A)m to (A)n may vary with selection of amine, and where a mixture of products results, separation may be achieved using a suitable purification system, such as preparative HPLC.
Figure imgf000037_0002
15
Figure imgf000038_0001
Y=suitable cross-coupling group, eg. halogen, OTf
R = H, alkyl or substituted alkyl
Vinyl containing intermediate compounds of formula (L)a and (L)b, may be prepared from intermediate compounds of formula (D)g and (D)h respectively, by reaction with a vinyl organometal reagent, according to Scheme 15. Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together intermediate compound (D)g or (D)h with a suitable vinyl organometal reagent, such as potassium trifluoro(vinyl)borate, an appropriate base such as cesium carbonate and a suitable catalyst such as palladium(II)chloride with a suitable ligand, such as triphenylphosphine. A suitable solvent, such as tetrahydrofuran/water mixture is then added and the reaction heated in a sealed vessel to a suitable temperature, for example 140 °C, by microwaves, for a suitable time, such as 1 hour.
Scheme 16
Figure imgf000038_0002
(L)a (K)a
Figure imgf000039_0001
Epoxide-containing intermediate compounds of formula (K)a and (K)b, may be prepared from intermediate compounds of formula (L)a and (L)b respectively, by oxidation of the vinyl group, according to Scheme 16. Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together intermediate vinyl compound (L)a or (L)b with a suitable oxidising agent, such as m-chloroperbenzoic acid in an appropriate solvent such as dichloromethane, for a suitable time, such as 16 hours, at a suitable temperature, such as 0 °C to ambient. Scheme 17a and 17b
Figure imgf000039_0002
Y = suitable leaving group eg. halo, OTs, OMs
s = 0, 1 , 2 17b
Figure imgf000040_0001
(D)d (A)q
Y = suitable leaving group eg. halo, OTs, OMs
s = 1 , 2
Compounds of formula (A)p and (A)q may be prepared from intermediate compounds of formula (D)c and (D)d respectively, by reaction with an appropriate heterocycloalkyi compound containing a free NH group within the heterocycloalkyi ring system, according to Scheme 17a and 17b. Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing the amine together with an intermediate compound of formula (D)c or (D)d, with a strong base such as sodium hydride, in a suitable solvent such as 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, under nitrogen at a suitable temperature, such as ambient for a suitable time, such as 3 hours.
Scheme 18a and 18b
18a
Figure imgf000040_0002
(D)i (A)r
X = CH2 or O
s = 0, 1 , 2
t = 0, 1
u = 1 , 2 18b
Figure imgf000041_0001
(D)j (A)s
X = CH2 or O
s = 0, 1 , 2
t = 0, 1
u = 1 , 2
Compounds of formula (A)r and (A)s may be prepared from intermediate compounds of formula (D)i and (D)j respectively, by reaction with an appropriate heterocycloalkyl compound containing a free NH within the heterocycloalkyl ring system, according to Scheme 18a and 18b. Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together an intermediate compound of formula (D)i or (D)j, with the appropriate heterocycloalkyl compound, a suitable base such as potassium iodide and a suitable catalyst such as pentamethylcyclopentadienyliridium(III) chloride in a suitable solvent such as water. The mixture is then heated in a sealed vessel to a suitable temperature, for example 150 °C, by microwaves, for a suitable time, such as 3 hours.
Scheme 19
19a
Figure imgf000041_0002
(K)a (A)t (A)u
Figure imgf000042_0001
Compounds of formula (A)t/(A)u and (A)v/(A)w may be prepared from epoxide-containing intermediate compounds of formula (K)a and (K)b respectively, by reaction with an appropriate heterocycloalkyl compound containing a free NH within the heterocycloalkyl ring system, according to Scheme 19a and 19b. Typical reaction conditions comprise mixing together epoxide-containing intermediate compound (K)a or (K)b with an excess of an appropriate amine, in a suitable solvent, such as ethanol, at a suitable temperature, such as 50 °C, for a suitable time, such as overnight. The ratio of products (A)t to (A)u or (A)v to (A)w may vary with selection of amine, and where a mixture of products results, separation may be achieved using a suitable purification system, such as preparative HPLC.
Example RORy Modulators
The present invention is further illustrated by the following non-limiting examples of RORy modulators, which have been prepared by a number of different methods.
Intermediate Preparation
Intermediate 1: (2,4-dimethylpheny0(2-methylpropy0amine (2,4-dimethylphenyl)(2-methylpropyl)amine was prepared by one of four different routes as shown below: a) Intermediate la (I la) An aqueous solution of ammonium formate (3.15 g, 50.0 mmol, 10 mL) was diluted with isopropanol (80 mL) and added to palladium on carbon 10% wet (1.064 g, 10.00 mmol) under nitrogen. A solution of 2,4-dimethylaniline (1.212 g, 10 mmol) and isobutyraldehyde (1.004 mL, 11.00 mmol) in isopropanol (3 mL) was added and the mixture was stirred for lh. The mixture was filtered through celite, the celite cake washed with isopropanol and combined liquid phases concentrated in vacuo. The residue (1.8 g) was purified using a pre-conditioned aminopropyl solid phase extraction cartridge (NH2 SPE) (20 g) using methanol as an eluent. The methanolic organic phase was concentrated under vacuum to give a second residue which was further purified on a Biotage Flashmaster II using silica (Si) 10 g/mmol using a 0-100%
dichloromethane-cyclohexane gradient over 40 mins. The fractions containing the expected product were combined and concentrated in vacuoXo give the desired product, 1.5 g, as a yellow oil. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.04 min, m/z (ES+) 178 (M+H). bl Intermediate lb illbl Isobutylaldehyde (5 mL, 55.1 mmol) was added to (2,4-dimethylphenyl)amine (7.01 g, 57.8 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (50 mL) to give a brown solution. The solution was stirred for 20 mins at room temperature before sodium triacetoxy borohydride (16.34 g, 77 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours and the reaction was analysed by LCMS to confirm conversion to the desired product. The solution was diluted with ethyl acetate (100 mL) and the organic phase washed with water (100 mL).The organic phase was separated from the aqueous phase. The organic phase was concentrated in vacuo to give the product as a brown oil. LCMS [LCMS3] Rt 1.34 min, m/z (ES+) 178 (M+H). c) Intermediate lc (lie)
A mixture of l-chloro-2,4-dimethylbenzene (1687 mg, 12 mmol), isobutylamine (1755 mg, 24.00 mmol), and Caddick catalyst (140 mg, 0.238 mmol) was treated with lithium hexamethyl disilizide in tetrahydrofuran (1 M LHMDS in THF, 15 ml_, 15.00 mmol) under nitrogen. The reaction mixture was heated to 70 °C for 45 minutes in a septum-sealed vessel. The cooled mixture was concentrated in vacuo and the residue was partitioned between aqueous citric acid (50 ml.) and tert butyl methyl ether (TBME) (2 x 50 ml_). The organic phase was treated with dried MgS04, the solid removed by filtration and the organic phase was concentrated in vacuo to give (2,4-dimethylphenyl)(2-methylpropyl)amine (2.05 g, 11.56 mmol) as an orange oil. LCMS [LCMSl] Rt 1.03 min, m/z (ES+) 178 (M+H). dl Intermediate Id illdl
2-methyl-l-propanol (3.12 mL, 33.8 mmol), 2,4-dimethylaniline (2.093 ml, 16.92 mmol), potassium iodide (5.62 g, 33.8 mmol) and [Cp*IrCI2]2 (0.108 g, 0.135 mmol) were dissolved in water (10 mL). The resulting mixture was irradiated under microwaves (CEM microwave) at
150°C for 1 hour. Reaction was analysed, vessel resealed and heated at 150 °C for an additional 30 minutes. To the reaction mixture was added dichloromethane (25 mL) and water (25 mL). The organic phase was passed through a hydrophobic frit and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was then dissolved in the minimum of dichloromethane, loaded on a silica column and purified by normal phase chromatography. The relevant fractions were combined and
condensed, leaving the purified product (1.89 g, 10.67 mmol) as an orange oil. LCMS [LCMSl] Rt 1.02 min, m/z (ES+) 178 (M+H).
Intermediate 2: N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-4-r(2-hydroxyethyl)oxy1-N-(2- methylpropyObenzenesulfonamide
To a solution of (2,4-dimethylphenyl)(2-methylpropyl)amine (0.2 g, 1.128 mmol) in pyridine (10 mL) stirred in air at room temperature, was added 2-{[4-(chlorosulfonyl)phenyl]oxy}-ethyl 2- propenoate (0.656 g, 1.128 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 30 minutes to ensure dissolution and then left to stand overnight. The pyridine was evaporated in vacuo (biotage V10) to give a residue. This was partially dissolved in methanol and applied to a preconditioned aminopropyl (NH2) solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridge eluting with additional methanol. The methanol fraction was then passed down a sulfonic acid (SCX) SPE cartridge again eluting with methanol. Solvent was evaporated in vacuo and the sample loaded in methanol and purified by reverse phase (C18) chromatography. The appropriate fractions were combined and dried under a stream of nitrogen to give the intermediate product. This was then taken up in tetrahydrofuran (THF) (1 ml.) and lithium hydroxide (0.027 g, 1.128 mmol) in water (1 ml.) was added. The mixture was stirred for 2 hours and then evaporated under a stream of nitrogen to give a residue. This was partitioned between water and dichloromethane and separated with a hydrophobic frit. The organic solvent was evaporated in vacuo (Biotage vlO) to give the deprotected product as a colourless oil, 44.8 mg. LCMS [LCMSl] Rt 1.23 min, m/z (ES+) 378 (M+H). Intermediates 3 to 24 were prepared according to Route 1 outlined below. Specific reaction conditions and characterisation data for Intermediates 3 to 24 are provided in Table 1 below.
Route 1
Figure imgf000045_0001
To a solution of secondary aniline (1 equivalent) in pyridine (4 mL/mmol) was added a sulfonyl chloride (1 equivalent, see Table 1 for specific sulfonyl chloride used) in one charge at room temperature. The reaction mixture was left to stand at 20 °C for 16 hours. In some cases, the reaction solution was heated (80 or 95 °C) for 1 hour before being left at room temperature overnight. Workup was then carried out according to the workup procedure listed in Table 1 and the crude material purified if necessary, according to the purification procedure listed in Table 1.
Specific Example of Route 1 - Preparation of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyn-4- r(phenylmethyl)oxy1benzenesulfonamide (Intermediate 3) To (2,4-dimethylphenyl)(2-methylpropyl)annine (1.00 g, 5.64 mmol) in pyridine (20 ml.) was added 4-[(phenylmethyl)oxy]benzenesulfonyl chloride (1.754 g, 6.20 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo then redissolved in ethyl acetate and washed with a 10 % solution of citric acid. At this stage a white precipitate formed and was isolated by filtration, LCMS analysis confirmed the precipitate was the desired product. The organic phase was then washed with 2 M NaOH and further precipitate was collected, again confirmed as the desired product by LCMS analysis. The organic phase was dried with magnesium sulfate, concentrated in vacuo and treated with dichloromethane to give a cloudy suspension, which was filtered to provide more of the desired product. Finally the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo and treated with methanol, whereupon additional product crystallised from the solution. The collected batches of product were combined (974 mg, 2.300 mmol) and used without further purification in the next step. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.54 min, m/z (ES+) 424 (M+H).
Table 1- Preparation Details for Intermediates 3 to 24 (13 to 124")
Intermediates 3 to 24 (13 to 124") were prepared using Intermediate 1 (as SMI), prepared following one of the four methods outlined above
(la-d)
Figure imgf000047_0001
Figure imgf000048_0001
PBb lb/H-
Intermediate 25: (Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-y0methyl methanesulfonate
(Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)methanol (29.9 mg, 0.257 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (DCM) (4 mL). To this solution was added triethylamine (0.108 mL, 0.772 mmol). The reaction was cooled to 0 °C, methanesulfonyl chloride (0.03 mL, 0.386 mmol) added and the reaction left to stir overnight, allowing the reaction to warm to 20 °C. The reaction was concentrated in vacuo. The product was partitioned between ethyl acetate (20 mL) and aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate (20 mL). The organic phase was dried and concentrated in vacuo, before being used in the next reaction with no further purification or characterisation, 49 mg.
Intermediate 26: 4-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethyl) 3-methyl 3,4-morpholinedicarboxylate
To a stirred solution of methyl morpholine-3-carboxylate hydrochloride (2.0 g, 11.01 mmol) in a mixture of 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) and water (20 mL) was added sodium bicarbonate (2.79 g, 33.2 mmol). The suspension was cooled in an ice-water bath and a solution of Fmoc chloride (2.93 g, 11.33 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (30 mL) was added. The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 2 hours. The mixture was partitioned between ethyl acetate (150 mL) and water (150 mL). The phases were separated and the organic extract washed with 1 M aqueous HCI (150 mL) and brine (50 mL). The organic extract was dried (MgS04), filtered and the solvent removed in vacuo to leave a colourless gum, 4.2 g. LCMS [LCMS4] Rt 3.10 min, m/z (ES+) 368 (M+H).
Intermediate 27: 9H-fluoren-9-ylmethyl 3-formyl-4-morpholinecarboxylate
To a stirred solution of 4-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethyl) 3-methyl 3,4-morpholinedicarboxylate (0.6 g, 1.633 mmol) in anhydrous toluene (80 mL) cooled to -78 °C in a dry-ice acetone bath under nitrogen was added dropwise 1.0 M diisobutylaluminium hydride in hexanes (6.53 mL, 6.53 mmol) over 4 minutes. The solution was stirred at -78 °C for 1.5 hours. The reaction was quenched at -78 °C with methanol (1.5 mL) and then aqueous HCI (1 M, 50 mL). The mixture was allowed to warm to ambient temperature and the phases separated. The aqueous was washed with ethyl acetate (2 x 50 mL). The combined organic extracts were dried (MgS04), filtered and the solvent removed in vacuo to leave an oil. The residue was loaded in
dichloromethane and purified by flash chromatography (Si) using 0-100% ethyl acetate- PBb lb/H-
cyclohexane over 30 minutes. The appropriate fractions were combined and evaporated in vacuo to give the required product as a white foam, 329 mg. LCMS [LCMS4] Rt 2.43 min, m/z (ES+) 338 (M+H). Intermediate 28: 9H-fluoren-9-ylmethyl 3-(hydroxymethy0-4-morpholinecarboxylate
To a solution of 9H-fluoren-9-ylmethyl 3-formyl-4-morpholinecarboxylate (610 mg, 1.808 mmol) in dichloromethane (DCM) (6 mL) cooled in an ice-water bath, was added trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulphonate (0.470 mL, 2.60 mmol). To the solution was added dropwise a solution of methyl 5-bromo-lH-indole-7-carboxylate (333 mg, 1.311 mmol) in DCM (18 mL). The resulting orange solution was stirred at 0 °C for 1 hour, under nitrogen. To the dark orange solution was added triethylsilane (1 mL, 6.26 mmol) and the mixture stirred between 5-10 °C for 1.5 hours. The solution was allowed to warm to ambient temperature over 6 hours, then stored overnight at 5 °C. The reaction was quenched with saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate (75 mL) and DCM (50 mL). The phases were separated and the aqueous phase washed with DCM (2 x 40 mL). The combined organic extracts were concentrated in vacuo to leave a yellow foam. The residue was loaded in dichloromethane and purified on silica (Si) using 0-100% ethyl acetate-cyclohexane over 40 minutes. The appropriate fractions were combined and evaporated in vacuo to give the product, 142 mg, as a yellow gum. LCMS [LCMS4] Rt 2.61 min, m/z (ES+) 340 (M+H).
Intermediate 29: 2-jT4-(chlorosulfony0phenyl"loxy ethyl 2-propenoate
A solution of 2-(phenyloxy)ethyl 2-propenoate (5 g, 26.0 mmol) in dichloromethane (50 mL), was cooled to 0 °C. Chlorosulfonic acid (5.21 mL, 78 mmol) was added dropwise over 15 minutes at 0 °C then the mixture was allowed to warm to room temperate over 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was stirred overnight (16 hours) at room temperature. The solution was then poured onto ice and extracted with dichloromethane (3 x 50 mL). Resulting emulsion was diluted with ethyl acetate (200 mL) and brine (50 mL) in order to achieve separation of phases. The aqueous layer was further extracted with ethyl acetate (100 mL). The combined organic fractions were dried with magnesium sulphate then evaporated in vacuo to give an oily solid, which was dried under high vacuum overnight. After drying, a sticky solid was isolated (3.2 g) and this was taken PBb lb/H-
on to the next step without further purification. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 0.47 min, m/z (ES-) 272 (M- CI+OH).
Intermediate 30: N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-3-hydroxy-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-3-methoxybenzenesulfonamide (431.4 mg, 1.242 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (DCM) (10 mL) and cooled to -78 °C. BBr3 in DCM (1M) (6.21 mL, 6.21 mmol) was added dropwise and the reaction put under nitrogen. The reaction was allowed to reach room temperature and left to stir overnight. Water (20 mL) was added dropwise into the reaction mixture, until no more fumes were released. The crude product was then extracted to the organic phase of an aqueous work up between DCM (30 mL) and water (20 mL). The aqueous phase was washed with DCM (2 x 20 mL). The organic phase was then dried and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was then dissolved in a minimum of DCM, and loaded onto a silica column before being purified by silica (Si) column chromatography (20 minutes, 0- 25% EtOAc in cyclohexane). The relevant fractions were then combined and condensed, to give the desired product, 384.4 mg. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.26 min, m/z (ES+) 334 (M+H).
Intermediate 31: N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-4-hydroxy-N-(2-methylpropynbenzenesulfonamide To N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-[(phenylmethyl)oxy]benzenesulfonamide (974 mg, 2.300 mmol) was added ammonium formate (725 mg, 11.50 mmol) palladium(II) hydroxide (20% on carbon) (164 mg, 0.230 mmol) and ethanol (65 mL). The reaction mixture was heated to reflux with stirring overnight. A product peak was observed by LCMS, but only partial conversion had occurred. A further 5 equivalents of ammonium formate (725 mg, 11.50 mmol) were added to the reaction mixture. The reaction mixture was reheated to boiling point. After a further 30 minutes of heating, LCMS showed no change in the ratio of starting material to product. The reaction was cooled for 5 minutes then additional palladium(II) hydroxide (20% on carbon) (164 mg, 0.230 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was then reheated to reflux for another 30 minutes after which full conversion to the product was observed. The reaction mixture was cooled, filtered through a celite cartridge, then concentrated in vacuo to give 727 mg of crude product. The crude mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water, then PBb lb/H-
brine. The organic phase was then concentrated in vacuo to give 663 mg of the title compound. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.25 min, m/z (ES+) 334 (M+H).
Intermediate 32: N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-3-(hydroxymethyn-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide
Methyl 3-(N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutylsulfamoyl)benzoate (400 mg, 1.065 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF) (10 mL). To this solution was added lithium borohydride (2 M in THF) (0.932 mL, 1.864 mmol). The reaction was left to stir overnight, at room temperature. The reaction was quenched by the addition of 5% citric acid (10 mL), and the reaction allowed to stir under nitrogen, for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was then diluted with ethyl acetate (25 mL), and the product extracted to the organic phase. The organic phase was dried by passing it through a hydrophobic frit and then concentrated in vacuo to give the desired product, 378.7 mg. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.23 min, m/z (ES+) 348 (M+H). Intermediate 33: N-(5-chloro-2-fluorophenyn-4-vinylbenzenesulfonamide
To a stirred solution of 4-vinylbenzene-l-sulfonyl chloride (950 mg, 4.69 mmol) in pyridine (8 mL) at 20 °C was added 5-chloro-2-fluoroaniline (682 mg, 4.69 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 2 hours then evaporated in vacuo and redissolved in ethyl acetate. The organic phase was washed with saturated aqueous sodium carbonate (25 mL), dried using a hydrophobic frit and evaporated in vacuo to give the crude product as a yellow oil. The crude was purified by silica (Si) chromatography using a 0-25% ethyl acetate-cyclohexane gradient. The appropriate fractions were combined and evaporated in vacuo to give the required product, 822.7 mg as a white solid. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 0.86 min, m/z (ES+) 312 (M+H).
Intermediate 34: N-(5-chloro-2-fluorophenyn-N-isobutyl-4-vinylbenzenesulfonamide
To a solution of N-(5-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-4-vinylbenzenesulfonamide (822 mg, 2.64 mmol) in acetonitrile (10 mL) stirred in air at 20 °C, was added 2-(tert-butyl)-l,l,3,3-tetramethylguanidine (903 mg, 5.27 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 2 hours, l-bromo-2- methylpropane (0.573 mL, 5.27 mmol) was then added and the reaction vessel sealed and heated by microwaves (Emrys Optimiser) to 150 °C for 30 minutes. After cooling, the reaction PBb lb/H-
mixture was concentrated in vacuo and redissolved in ethyl acetate. The organic phase was washed with water (10 mL), dried using a hydrophobic frit and evaporated in vacuo to give the crude product as a yellow oil which solidified. The crude was purified by silica (Si)
chromatography using a 0-50% ethyl acetate-cyclohexane gradient. The appropriate fractions were combined and evaporated in vacuo to give the required product, 824 mg as a colourless oil. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.46 min, m/z (ES+) 368 (M+H).
Intermediate 35: 4-(N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N-isobutylsulfamoyl)benzamide Methyl 4-(N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutylsulfamoyl)benzoate (280 mg, 0.746 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF) (5 mL) and to this solution was added ammonia in dioxane (0.5 M) (4.47 mL, 2.237 mmol), followed by LiHMDS in THF (1 M, 0.895 mL, 0.895 mmol). The reaction was left to stir overnight at room temperature, under nitrogen. The reaction was quenched with water (1 mL) then combined with a previous identical trial reaction on a smaller (0.075 mmol) scale, for workup. The crude was concentrated in vacuo, then the product was extracted to the organic phase of an aqueous work up between ethyl acetate (15 mL) and brine (10 mL). The organic phase was passed through a hydrophobic frit and concentrated in vacuo to give the crude product, 263 mg. No further purification was undertaken. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.14 min, m/z (ES+) 361 (M+H).
Intermediate 36: 4-(aminomethyn-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide
4-(N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutylsulfamoyl)benzamide (263.6 mg, 0.731 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF) (10 mL) and to this solution was added borane-tetrahydrofuran complex (1 M) (2.194 mL, 2.194 mmol). The reaction was then heated to 75 °C and refluxed overnight under nitrogen. The reaction was cooled and quenched by the addition of 2 M HCI. The reaction mixture was then neutralised by the slow addition of 10 M sodium hydroxide and the product extracted to the organic phase of an aqueous work up between ethyl acetate and water. The organic phase was passed through a hydrophobic frit and concentrated in vacuo. The crude was purified by mass directed autoprep (formic acid modifier), over 3 injections. The relevant fractions were evaporated in vacuo to give the required product, 152 mg. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 0.87 min, m/z (ES+) 347 (M+H). PBb lb/H-
Route 2
Figure imgf000054_0001
To a microwave vial was added bromobenzenesulfonamide (1 equivalent), potassium
trifluoro(vinyl)borate (1.2 equvalents), triphenylphosphine (0.06 equivalents), cesium carbonate (3 equivalents) and palladium(II) chloride (0.02 equivalents). Tetrahydrofuran (THF) (3.6 mL/mmol) and water (0.4 mL/mmol) were added. The vessel was sealed and heated by microwaves (Biotage Initiator) to 140 °C for 30 minutes, then cooled to room temperature. Workup and purification were then carried out according to the relevant procedure(s) listed in Table 2.
Specific Example - Preparation of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N-isobutyl-4-vinylbenzenesulfonamide (Intermediate 45)
To a microwave vial was added 4-bromo-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (4.44 g, 11.20 mmol), potassium trifluoro(vinyl)borate (4.50 g, 33.6 mmol), triphenylphosphine (0.176 g, 0.672 mmol), cesium carbonate (10.95 g, 33.6 mmol) and palladium(II) chloride (0.040 g, 0.224 mmol). Tetrahydrofuran (THF) (12 mL) and water (1.333 mL) were then added, ensuring all particles were below the solvent level. The reaction vessel was sealed and heated in a microwave (Biotage Initiator) to 140 °C for 60 minutes, cooled to room temperature and ethyl acetate (40 mL) added to the mixture. The organic phase was washed with water (50 mL), dried using a hydrophobic frit and evaporated in vacuo to give the crude product as a orange oil. The sample was loaded in dichloromethane and purified by silica (Si) chromatography using a 0-25% ethyl acetate-cyclohexane gradient. The appropriate fractions were combined and evaporated in PBb lb/H-
vacuo to give the required product, 1.8 g, as an off-white solid. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.47 min, m/z (ES+) 344 (M+H).
Route 3
Figure imgf000055_0001
To a solution of vinylbenzenesulfonamide (1 equivalent) in dichloromethane (DCM) (8.1 mL/mmol) stirred under nitrogen at 0 °C, was added meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA) (4 equivalents), portionwise. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 30 minutes. The reaction was then stirred for 16 hours at 20 °C. Workup and purification were then carried out according to the relevant procedure(s) listed in Table 2.
Specific Example - Preparation of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-4-(oxiran-2- yPbenzenesulfonamide (Intermediate 46)
To a solution of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-4-vinylbenzenesulfonamide (1.27 g, 3.70 mmol) in dichloromethane (DCM) (30 ml.) stirred under nitrogen at 0 °C, was added meta- chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA) (2.55 g, 14.79 mmol), portionwise. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 30 minutes. The reaction was then stirred for 16 hours at 20°C. DCM (20 ml.) was added to the mixture. The organic phase was washed with 0.1M sodium hydroxide solution (2 x 50 ml_), dried using a hydrophobic frit and evaporated in vacuo to give the crude product. The sample was loaded in dichloromethane and purified on silica (Si) using a 0-50% ethyl acetate-cyclohexane gradient. The appropriate fractions were combined and evaporated in vacuo to give the required product, 935 mg, as an off-white oil which solidified on standing. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.35 min, m/z (ES+) 360 (M+H). PBb lb/H-
Intermediates 37 to 51 were prepared according to either Route 2, 3, 4, 5 or 8. Specific reaction conditions and characterisation data for Intermediates 37 to 51 are provided in Table 2 below. Routes 4, 5 and 8 are outlined in the Example Preparation section.
Table 2- Preparation Details for Intermediates 37 to 51 (137 to 151)
Figure imgf000057_0001
*procedure carried out as an individual reactions, not in an array format
PBb lb/H-
Example Preparation
Example 1 : N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N-isobutyl-3-(((tetrariydro-2H-pyran-4- yOmethoxy)methyObenzenesulfonamide
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (40 mg, 0.115 mmol) and sodium hydride (4.14 mg, 0.173 mmol) were dissolved in anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) (3 ml_). The solution was stirred for 10 minutes under nitrogen at 20 °C. (Tetrahydro-2H- pyran-4-yl)methyl methanesulfonate (49 mg, 0.252 mmol) was added to the solution, which was stirred overnight at 20 °C under nitrogen. The reaction was concentrated under vacuum (Biotage V10) to give the crude product. This was then partitioned between ethyl acetate (10 ml.) and water (10 ml_). The organic layer was washed with water (5 x 5 ml_), passed through a hydrophobic frit and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was then dissolved in a minimum of DCM and purified by silica (Si) chromatography using a 0-25% ethyl acetate-cyclohexane gradient. The relevant fractions were combined and condensed to provide the required product, 28 mg. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.46 min, m/z (ES+) 446 (M+H).
Example 2: N-i2,4-dimethylDhenylVN-i2-methylDroDylV4-rr2-i4- morpholinyDethyl1oxy benzenesulfonamide
To a microwave vial was added morpholine (5.10 μΙ_, 0.058 mmol), potassium iodide (19.26 mg, 0.116 mmol), [Cp*IrCI2]2 (0.639 mg, 0.580 mol), N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[(2- hydroxyethyl)oxy]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzenesulfonamide (43.8 mg, 0.116 mmol), a stirrer bar and water (0.1 ml_). The vial was then sealed and the mixture was heated to 150°C by microwaves (Biotage Initiator) for 3 hours. Reaction mixture was then diluted with methanol (1 ml.) and passed down a pre-conditioned sulfonic acid (SCX) solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridge, eluting with methanol and then 2N methanolic ammonia. The fractions from the methanolic ammonia wash were concentrated in vacuo and the residue purified by mass-directed autoprep, using a formic acid modifier. Product containing fractions were evaporated under a stream of nitrogen to provide product, 2.6 mg. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.01 min, m/z (ES+) 447 (M+H). PBb lb/H-
Example 3: 2-(N-(2^-dimethylphenylVN-isobutylsulfamoylV5-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- yOmethoxy)benzoic acid
To a stirred solution of 2-bromo-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- yl)methoxy)benzenesulfonamide (50 mg, 0.098 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at -78 °C was added nBuLi 1.6 M in hexanes (92 μΙ_, 0.147 mmol) and the reaction stirred for 1 hour. After this time carbon dioxide (small pellet) was added and the reaction mixture stirred at -78 °C for 30 minutes, then warmed to 20 °C and stirred for a further 1 hour. The reaction was quenched with staturated ammonium chloride solution and the mixture concentrated in vacuo. The residue was then taken up in ethyl acetate (20 mL) and the organic phase was washed with saturated ammonium chloride solution (2 x 25 mL), the organics were dried using a hydrophobic frit and evaporated in vacuo to give the crude product as a colourless gum, 40 mg. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 0.97 min, m/z (ES+) 476 (M+H). Example 4: N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N-isobutyl-2-methoxy-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- yl)methoxy)benzenesulfonamide
To a stirred solution of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-fluoro-N-isobutyl-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- yl)methoxy)benzenesulfonamide (358 mg, 0.478 mmol) in methanol (1 mL) at room temperature was added 25 % sodium methoxide in methanol (109 uL, 0.478 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, then heated to reflux for 1 hour. The reaction was quenched with water (1 mL) and the solvents removed in vacuo to give a yellow solid. The crude residue was dissolved in dichloromethane (DCM) (10 mL) and the organics washed with water (3 x 10 mL). The organics were passed through a hydrophobic frit and the filtrate evaporated to dryness to give a yellow oil. The crude was purified by mass directed autoprep (ammonium carbonate modifier). The solvent was evaporated under a stream of nitrogen to give the required product, 129 mg. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.47 min, m/z (ES+) 462 (M+H).
Example 5: N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-2-(hydroxymethyn-N-isobutyl-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- yl)methoxy)benzenesulfonamide PBb lb/H-
To a stirred solution of 2-(N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutylsulfamoyl)-5-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran- 4-yl)methoxy)benzoic acid (40 mg, 0.084 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) (1 mL) at 0 °C was added lithium aluminium hydride (1.0M in diethyl ether) (0.084 mL, 0.084 mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 30 minutes then warmed to 25 °C for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was quenched carefully with water. The organic solvent was removed in vacuo and the remaining aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (20 mL x 3). The organics were combined and concentrated in vacuo to give a yellow oil. The crude was then purified by mass directed autoprep (ammonium carbonate modifier). The appropriate fractions were concentrated under a stream of nitrogen in a Radleys blowdown apparatus to give the required product, 25.2 mg. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.40 min, m/z (ES+) 462 (M+H).
Example 6: N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N-isobutyl-4-((((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- ynmethynamino)methyl)benzenesulfonamide 4-(aminomethyl)-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (25 mg, 0.072 mmol), (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)methanol (16.76 mg, 0.144 mmol), potassium iodide (23.95 mg, 0.144 mmol) and [Cp*IrCI2]2 (1-150 mg, 1.443 μιτιοΙ) were dissolved in water (2 mL) in a microwave vial. The reaction vessel was sealed and heated by microwaves (Biotage Initiator) to 150 °C for 1 hour. After analysis the reaction vessel was resealed and heated again by microwaves (Biotage Initiator) to 150 °C for a further 1 hour. After further analysis an additional 1 eq of [Cp*IrCl2]2 and 1 eq of (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)methanol were added and the reaction heated for a third time by microwaves (Biotage Initiator) to 150 °C for 1 hour. The reaction was cooled and the mixture concentrated in vacuo (Biotage V10). The crude product was extracted to the organic phase of an aqueous workup between ethyl acetate (5 mL) and water (5 mL). The organic phase was passed through a hydrophobic frit and concentrated in vacuo. The crude was purified by mass directed autoprep (formic acid modifier). The appropriate fractions were evaporated in vacuo (Biotage V10) to give the required product, 1.2 mg. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 0.97 min, m/z (ES+) 445 (M+H).
Examples 7 to 101 were prepared according to one of the following routes (4 to 14). Specific reaction conditions and characterisation data for Examples 7 to 112 are provided in Table 3 below. PBb lb/H-
Route 4
Figure imgf000061_0001
Array Format
A mixture of phenol sulfonamide (1 equivalent, see Tables 2 and 3 for specific phenol used), an alcohol (1.2 equivalents, see Tables 2 and 3 for specific alcohol used in each reaction) and triphenylphosphine (1 equivalent) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF) (6 mL/mmol) and treated with diisopropyl diazene-l,2-dicarboxylate (DIAD) (1.3 equivalents). The vessel was capped and stirred at 20 °C for 2 days. If LCMS analysis showed incomplete reaction, additional alcohol (1.2 equivalents) and diisopropyl diazene-l,2-dicarboxylate (DIAD) (1.6 equivalents) were added and reaction stirred for further 18 hours. Workup and purification were then carried out according to the relevant procedure(s) listed in Tables 2 or 3.
Specific Example - Preparation of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-((2,6-dioxo-l, 2,3,6- tetrahydropyrimidin-4-ynmethoxy)-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (Example 56)
A mixture of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-hydroxy-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (33 mg, 0.099 mmol), 6-(hydroxymethyl)pyrimidine-2,4(lH,3H)-dione (17.1 mg, 0.12 mmol) and
triphenylphosphine (26 mg, 0.099 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF) (0.6 ml.) and treated with diisopropyl diazene-l,2-dicarboxylate (DIAD) (25 uL, 0.13 mmol). The vessel was capped and stirred at 20 °C for 2 days. Additional 6-(hydroxymethyl)pyrimidine-2,4(lH,3H)-dione (17.1 mg, 0.12 mmol) and diisopropyl diazene-l,2-dicarboxylate (DIAD) (30 uL, 0.156 mmol) were added and reaction stirred for further 18 hours. The reaction was then filtered and purification attempted by mass directed autoprep (ammonium carbonate modifier), but this failed PBb lb/H-
to isolate clean material. Purification successfully achieved by mass directed autoprep (formic acid modifier), to provide the required product, 1.1 mg. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.13 min, m/z (ES+) 458 (M+H). Single Reaction Format
A phenol sulfonamide (1 equivalent, see Tables 2 and 3 for specific phenol used), an alcohol (1.2- 1.5 equivalents, see Tables 2 and 3 for specific alcohol used in each reaction) and
triphenylphosphine (1-1.5 equivalents) were pre-weighed into a vessel. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) (4 mL/mmol) was added followed by diisopropyl diazene-l,2-dicarboxylate (DIAD) (1.2-1.5 equivalents). The vessel was capped and in some instances back-filled with nitrogen 3 times before being stirred at 20 °C for up to 2 days. Workup and purification were then carried out according to the relevant procedure(s) listed in Tables 2 or 3. Specific Example - Preparation of tert-butyl 4-(3-(N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N- isobutylsulfamoynphenoxy)piperidine-l-carboxylate (Intermediate 49)
Tert-butyl 4-hydroxypiperidine-l-carboxylate (213.0 mg, 1.061 mmol), N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4- hydroxy-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (294.5 mg, 0.883 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (232 mg, 0.883 mmol) were dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF) (4 mL). The solution was left to stir for 20 minutes, then DIAD (0.206 mL, 1.060 mmol) was added, the vial sealed and back filled with nitrogen 3 times, before being stirred overnight at 20 °C. The reaction solution was concentrated under vacuum (Biotage V10) to give the crude product. This was partitioned between ethyl acetate (20 mL) and brine (20 mL). The organic phase was passed through a hydrophobic frit then concentrated in vacuo to give the crude product 200 mg, which was carried on to the next step, with no further purification. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.58 min, m/z (ES+) 517 (M+H).
Route 5 PBb lb/H-
Figure imgf000063_0001
Array Format Each para-fluoro-sulphonamide intermediate (8 equivalents, see Tables 2 or 3 for specific para- fluoro-sulphonamide intermediate used) was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (8 reactions x 0.75 mL/mmol) and an aliquot representing 1 equivalent was added to each of eight alcohols (1 equivalent, see Tables 2 or 3 for specific alcohol used). 60% sodium hydride dispersed in oil (1 equivalent) was then added to each reaction. The reactions were capped and sonicated to aid dispersion and then left to stand at 20°C for 18 hours. Workup and purification were then carried out according to the relevant procedure(s) listed in Tables 2 or 3.
Note: Where Fmoc protected amino-alcohols were used, the Fmoc group was found to be removed under the above coupling reaction conditions, although an additional second purification (by mass directed autoprep) was often required. Where Boc protected amino-alcohols or isopropilidine-protected polyhydroxy compounds were used, deprotection was carried out on the products as follows: Following purification, the protected product was dissolved in a mixture of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) (0.7 mL/mmol) and dichloromethane (DCM) (0.7 mL/mmol), then stood for 18 hours at room temperature and evaporated to dryness to give the deprotected product (as its TFA salt in the case of basic compounds). Where Benzyl protected amino-alcohols were used, deprotection was carried out on the products as follows: Following purification, the Benzyl- protected products were redissolved in methanol (1 mL) and hydrogenated using a flow hydrogenator (H-cube automated system) with settings: room temperature, 1 bar hydrogen, 1 mL/min flow rate and fitted with a 10 % Pd/C CatCart 30 as the catalyst. Purification (by mass directed autoprep) was then carried out if required. PBb lb/
Specific Example - Preparation of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N-isobutyl-4-(piperidin-4- ylmethoxy)benzenesulfonamide, Trifluoroacetic acid salt (Example 8)
A stock solution of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-fluoro-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (8 equivalents, 0.808 g, 2.4 mmol) was prepared in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (3.2 ml.) and an aliquot representing 1 equivalent (0.4 ml.) added to each of eight alcohols (0.3 mmol each), including in this example tert-butyl 4-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-l-carboxylate (64.6 mg, 0.3 mmol). 60% sodium hydride dispersed in oil (0.012 g, 0.300 mmol) was then added to each reaction. The reactions were capped and sonicated to aid dispersion, then left to stand at 20 °C for 18 hours. The reactions were then quenched with methanol (0.5 ml.) and sonicated to aid dispersion. All the samples were purified by mass directed autoprep (ammonium carbonate modifier). The relevant fractions were concentrated under a stream of nitrogen to give the required products (as ammonium salts where appropriate). To remove the Boc protection group, the purified samples were each dissolved in dichloromethane (DCM) (0.2 ml.) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) (0.2 ml.) added. The samples were capped and stood at 20 °C for 18 hours. The solvent was then removed under a stream of nitrogen to give desired product, in this case 54 mg. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.59 min, m/z (ES+) 431 (M+H).
Single Reaction Format
To a solution of a para-fluoro-sulphonamide intermediate (0.075 mmol, see Tables 2 or 3 for specific para-fluoro-sulphonamide intermediate used) and an alcohol (1 equivalent see Tables 2 or 3 for specific alcohol used) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (6.6 mL/mmol) stirred in air at 20 °C, was added solid sodium hydride (1 equivalent, 60% dispersed in oil) in one charge. The reaction mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 16 hours. Workup and purification were then carried out according to the relevant procedure(s) listed in Tables 2 or 3.
Specific Example - Preparation of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-4-((l-(2,2,2- trifluoroethynpiperidin-4-ynmethoxy)benzenesulfonamide (Example 13)
To a solution of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-fluoro-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (25 mg, 0.075 mmol) and (l-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)piperidin-4-yl)methanol (14.70 mg, 0.075 mmol) in dimethyl PBb lb/H-
sulfoxide (DMSO) (0.5 mL) stirred in air at 20 °C, was added sodium hydride (approximately 2.98 mg, 0.075 mmol, 60% dispersed in oil) in one charge. The reaction mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 16 hours. The reaction was carefully quenched with methanol (0.5 mL) and water (0.5 mL). The solvent was concentrated in vacuo (Biotage V10) to give the crude product in DMSO (0.5 mL). The residue was taken up in additional DMSO (0.5 mL) and methanol (1 mL) then purified by mass directed autoprep (formic acid modifier). The appropriate fractions were evaporated under a stream of nitrogen to give the required product, 11.5 mg. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.51 min, m/z (ES+) 513 (M+H).
Route 6
Figure imgf000065_0001
A phenol intermediate (1 equivalent, see Table 3 for specific phenol used), an alcohol (1.25 equivalents, see Table 3 for specific alcohol used) and (4-(3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,10- heptadecafluorodecyl)phenyl)diphenylphosphine (Fluoroflash, 1.5 equivalents) were added to a vessel. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) (14 mL/mmol) was added followed by diisopropyl diazene-1,2- dicarboxylate (DIAD) (1.25 equivalents). The vials were capped and stirred at room temperature overnight. Workup and purification were then carried out according to the relevant procedure(s) listed in Table 3.
Specific Example - Preparation of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-3-(2- morpholinoethoxy)benzenesulfonamide (Example 53)
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-hydroxy-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (76.9 mg, 0.231 mmol), 2- morpholinoethanol (0.035 mL, 0.288 mmol) and (4-(3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9, 10, 10,10- heptadecafluorodecyl)phenyl)diphenylphosphine (204 mg, 0.288 mmol) were added to a vessel. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) (4 mL) was added followed by diisopropyl diazene-l,2-dicarboxylate PBb lb/H-
(DIAD) (0.056 ml, 58.3 mg 0.288 mmol). The reaction vial was sealed and left to stir overnight at 20°C. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and then diluted with ethyl acetate (25 mL) and water (25 mL). The organic fraction was separated, dried and concentrated in vacuo to give the crude product. The crude product was dissolved in DMF:H20 (9: 1) (1 mL) and loaded onto a fluorous column (pre-conditioned with 1 mL DMF, followed by 6 mL MeOH:H20 (5: 1)). The semi-purified material was eluted with 6 mL MeOH:H20 (5: 1). This was concentrated and dissolved in 1: 1 MeOH:DMSO (1 mL) then further purified by mass directed autoprep (formic acid modifier). The relevant fractions were concentrated under a stream of nitrogen to give the required product, 17 mg. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.03 min, m/z (ES+) 447 (M+H).
Route 7
Figure imgf000066_0001
To a solution of phenol sulphonamide intermediate (1 equivalent) and alcohol (3 equivalents) in toluene (42 mL/mmol) stirred in air at 20 °C, was added a solution of 2- (tributylphosphoranylidene)acetonitrile (1 equivalent) in toluene (14 mL/mmol) over 1 minute. The reaction mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 24 hours. If necessary additional 2- (tributylphosphoranylidene)acetonitrile (1 equivalent) was added and the reaction stirred for a further 2 hours. Workup and purification were then carried out according to the relevant procedure(s) listed in Table 3.
Specific Example - Preparation of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-2-ethoxy-N-isobutyl-4-((tetrahydro-2H- pyran-4-yl)methoxy)benzenesulfonamide (Example 35)
To a solution of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-hydroxy-N-isobutyl-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- yl)methoxy)benzenesulfonamide (15.7 mg, 0.035 mmol) and ethanol (4.8 mg, 0.105 mmol) in toluene (1.5 mL) stirred in air at 20 °C, was added a solution of 2- PBb lb/H-
(tributylphosphoranylidene)acetonitrile (8.47 mg, 0.035 mmol) in toluene (0.5 mL) over 1 minute. The reaction mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 24 hours. Additional 2-
(tributylphosphoranylidene)acetonitrile (8.47 mg, 0.035 mmol) was then added and the reaction stirred for a further 2 hours. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo and the residue purified by pre-packed silica cartridge eluting with ethyl acetate-cyclohexane (0-50 %). The relevant fractions were evaporated to give the title product, 8.7 mg. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.48 min, m/z (ES+) 476 (M+H).
R te 8
Figure imgf000067_0001
Array Format
To a solution of an alcohol (1 equivalent, see Table 2 or 3 for specific alcohol used) and 4- (bromomethyl)-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (1 equivalent) in 2- methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MeTHF) (13 mL/mmol) stirred under nitrogen at room temperature was added sodium hydride (60 % dispersed in oil, 1 equivalent). The reaction mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 3 hours. Workup and purification were then carried out according to the relevant procedure(s) listed in Tables 2 or 3.
Specific Example - Preparation of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-4-((oxetan-3- ylmethoxy)methyl)benzenesulfonamide (Example 19)
To a solution of oxetan-3-ylmethanol (7 mg, 0.075 mmol) and 4-(bromomethyl)-N-(2,4- dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (31 mg, 0.075 mmol) in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran
(2-MeTHF) (1 mL) stirred under nitrogen at room temperature was added sodium hydride (60 % PBb lb/H-
dispersed in oil, approximately 2 mg, 0.075 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 3 hours then quenched with water (75 uL). The solvent was removed under a stream of nitrogen to give the crude product. The crude was then purified by mass directed autoprep (ammonium carbonate modifier). The appropriate fractions were concentrated under a stream of nitrogen to give the required product, 2.4 mg. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.34 min, m/z (ES+) 418 (M+H).
Single Reaction Format
To a solution of crude 4-(bromomethyl)-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (1 equivalent) and alcohol (1 equivalent) in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MeTHF) (8.2 mL/mmol) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (4.1 mL/mmol) was added sodium hydride (approximately 1 equivalent, 60 % dispersed in oil) in one charge. The reaction mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 16 hours. Workup and purification were then carried out according to the relevant procedure(s) listed in Tables 2 or 3.
Specific Example - Preparation of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N-isobutyl-4-(((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- ynmethoxy)methyl)benzenesulfonamide (Example 18)
To a solution of crude 4-(bromomethyl)-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (100 mg, 0.122 mmol) and (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)methanol (14.15 mg, 0.122 mmol) in 2- methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MeTHF) (1 mL) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (0.5 mL) was added sodium hydride (approximately 4.87 mg, 0.122 mmol, 60 % dispersed in oil) in one charge. The reaction mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 16 hours. The reaction was then quenched with methanol (0.5 mL) and water (0.5 mL) and concentrated in vacuo to give a residue in DMSO. This was diluted with dichloromethane (10 mL) and water (10 mL) and stirred vigorously for 10 minutes. The layers were separated by hydrophobic frit and the organic fraction evaporated to give the crude product. The sample was then purified by mass directed autoprep (formic acid modifier). The appropriate fractions were concentrated under a stream of nitrogen to give the required product, 4.2 mg. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.44 min, m/z (ES+) 446 (M+H).
Route 9 PBb lb/H-
Figure imgf000069_0001
Boc-deprotection of final products was achieved as follows: The Boc-protected compound was dissolved in a mixture of dichloromethane (DCM) (1.0 mL/0.1 mmol) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) (1.0 mL/0.1 mmol). The solution was left to stir for 30 minutes at 20 °C, under nitrogen. Workup and purification were then carried out according to the relevant procedure(s) listed in Table 3.
Specific Example - Preparation of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-4-r( -3-fluoropiperidin-4-ynmethoxy1-
N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide (Example 39)
Tert-butyl c/ -4-((4-(N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutylsulfamoyl)phenoxy)methyl)-3- fluoropiperidine-l-carboxylate was dissolved in dichloromethane (DCM) (1.0 mL) and
trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) (1.0 mL). The solution was left to stir for 30 minutes at 20 °C, under nitrogen. The reaction was concentrated under a stream of nitrogen. The crude deprotected product was then purified by mass directed autoprep (ammonium carbonate modifier). The appropriate fractions were evaporated in vacuo to give the deprotected product, 15 mg. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.38 min, m/z (ES+) 449 (M+H).
Route 10
Figure imgf000069_0002
Array Format PBb lb/H-
A solution of epoxide-sulphonamide intermediate (7 equivalents) was prepared in ethanol (0.5 mL/mmol x 7) and an aliquot (representing 1 equivalent) dispensed for each individual reaction. To each reaction was added one of the amines (1.1 equivalents) as a solution in ethanol (0.5 mL/mmol), followed by triethylamine (2 equivalents). The reactions were then heated at 50 °C for up to 2 days. Workup and purification were then carried out according to the relevant procedure(s) listed in Table 3. Note: In some cases both regioisomers were isolated.
Specific Example - Preparation of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-((3-methyloxetan-3- ynamino)ethyn-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (Example 72)
A solution of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-4-(oxiran-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide (173 mg, 0.481 mmol) was prepared in ethanol (1.75 ml.) and dispensed at 0.25 mL/vial into 7 vials for each individual reaction. To one vial was added 3-methyloxetan-3-amine (0.076 mmol) as a solution in ethanol (0.25 ml_), followed by triethylamine (0.023 ml_, 0.165 mmol). The reaction was then heated at 50 °C over the weekend. Solvent was concentrated under stream of nitrogen and sample purified by mass directed autoprep (ammonium carbonate modifier). Relevant fractions were evaporated under a stream of nitrogen to give the product, 7.3 mg (only one regioisomer isolated). LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.23 min, m/z (ES+) 447 (M+H). Single Reaction Format
To a stirred solution of epoxide-sulphonamide intermediate (1 equivalent) in ethanol (1.5 mL/mmol) at 25 °C was added either an amine (1.1 equivalents) and triethylamine (2.4 equivalents) or an amine (2 equivalents) and the reaction mixture heated to 50 °C for up to 2 days. Workup and purification were then carried out according to the relevant procedure(s) listed in Table 3. Note: In some cases both regioisomers were isolated.
Specific Example - Preparation of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-(2-hydroxy-l-morpholinoethyl)-N- isobutyl-3-methylbenzenesulfonamide (Example 89) and N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2- morpholinoethyl)-N-isobutyl-3-methylbenzenesulfonamide (Example 90) PBb lb/H-
To a stirred solution of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-3-methyl-4-(oxiran-2- yl)benzenesulfonamide (50 mg, 0.134 mmol) in ethanol (200 uL) at 25 °C, was added morpholine (12.83 mg, 0.147 mmol) and triethylamine (44.8 μΙ_, 0.321 mmol) and the reaction mixture heated to 50 °C for 12 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and purified by mass directed autoprep (ammonium carbonate modifier). The solvent was dried under a stream of nitrogen to give the required regioisomeric products: N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-(2-hydroxy-l- morpholinoethyl)-N-isobutyl-3-methylbenzenesulfonamide (12 mg) and N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4- (l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-N-isobutyl-3-methylbenzenesulfonamide (16 mg). LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.30 min, m/z (ES+) 461 (M+H).
Route 11
Figure imgf000071_0001
X = halo
To a suspension of halo-sulfonamide intermediate (1 equivalent), cyclopropyl boron ic acid (2.5 equivalents), tricyclohexylphosphine (0.2 equivalents) and tripotassium phosphate (3 equivalents) in toluene (18.6 mL/mmol) and water (0.9 mL/mmol), was added palladium(II) acetate (0.1 equivalents). The reaction vessel was sealed and heated by microwaves to 120 °C for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was then passed through a silica column to remove palladium residues, eluting with methanol. Workup and purification were then carried out according to the relevant procedure(s) listed in Table 3.
Specific Example - Preparation of 3-cyclopropyl-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N-isobutyl-4-((tetrahydro- 2H-pyran-4-ynmethoxy)benzenesulfonamide (Example 21) PBb lb/H-
To a suspension of 3-chloro-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- yl)methoxy)benzenesulfonamide (100 mg, 0.215 mmol), cyclopropylboronic acid (46.1 mg, 0.536 mmol), tricyclohexylphosphine (12.03 mg, 0.043 mmol) and tripotassium phosphate (137 mg, 0.644 mmol) in toluene (4 ml.) and water (0.2 ml_), was added palladium(II) acetate
(approximately 4.82 mg, 0.021 mmol) ensuring all particles were below solvent level. The reaction vessel was sealed and heated by microwaves (Emrys Optimiser) to 120 °C for 30 minutes. After cooling, the reaction mixture was passed through a pre-packed silica column (500 mg) to remove palladium residues, eluting with methanol. The reaction solution was evaporated in vacuo to and purified by mass directed autoprep (formic acid modifier). The appropriate fractions were concentrated under a stream of nitrogen to give the required product, 34 mg. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.55 min, m/z (ES+) 472 (M+H).
Route 12
Figure imgf000072_0001
To a solution of chloro-sulfonamide intermediate (1 equivalent) in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) (4.6 mL/mmol) was added copper(I) cyanide (2 equivalents). The reaction vessel was sealed and heated by microwaves (Biotage Initiator) to 220 °C for 2 hours. If required, the reaction was further heated at 220 °C for an additional 6 hours. Workup and purification were then carried out according to the relevant procedure(s) listed in Table 3.
Specific Example - Preparation of 2-cyano-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N-isobutyl-4-((tetrahydro-2H- pyran-4-yl)methoxy)benzenesulfonamide (Example 38) PBb lb/H-
To a solution of 2-chloro-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- yl)methoxy)benzenesulfonamide (200 mg, 0.429 mmol) in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) (2 mL) was added copper(I) cyanide (77 mg, 0.858 mmol). The reaction vessel was sealed and heated by microwaves (Biotage Initiator) to 220 °C for 2 hours. After cooling the reaction LCMS analysis showed some evidence of the desired product. The reaction was reheated by microwaves to 220 °C for an additional 6 hours. The reaction was slowly and carefully quenched with dilute HCI (5 mL) and DCM (5 mL). The mixture was passed through a hydrophobic frit and the organic layer collected and concentrated in vacuo to give a brown oil. The crude was purified by mass directed autoprep (ammonium carbonate modifier). The appropriate fractions were evaporated in vacuo to give the required product, 56 mg. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.47 min, m/z (ES+) 457 (M+H).
Route 13
Figure imgf000073_0001
To a stirred solution of cyano-sulfonamide intermediate (1 equivalent) in ethanol (2.5 mL/mmol) was added 4N sodium hydroxide solution (20 equivalents). The reaction mixture was stirred at 80 °C for 15 hours, then cooled and ethanol removed in vacuo. Workup and purification were then carried out according to the relevant procedure(s) listed in Table 3. Specific Example - Preparation of 5-r(2,4-dimethylphenyiy2-methylpropynsulfamoyl1-2-(oxan-4- ylmethoxy)benzoic acid (Example 91)
To a stirred solution of 3-cyano-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- yl)methoxy)benzenesulfonamide (50 mg, 0.110 mmol) in ethanol (1 mL) at 25 °C was added PBb lb/H-
sodium hydroxide (0.548 mL, 2.190 mmol). After which the reaction mixture was stirred at 80 °C for 15 hours, then cooled, ethanol removed and crude partitioned between ethyl acetate (20 mL) and HCI (2N, 15 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried over MgS04 and the solvent removed in vacuo to give a yellow oil. The crude was purified by mass directed autoprep
(ammonium carbonate modifier). The relevant fractions were evaporated in vacuo to give the required product, 16.1 mg. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 0.91 mins, m/z (ES+) 476 (M+H).
R te 14
Figure imgf000074_0001
Chloro-benzenesulfonannide intermediate (1 equivalent), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (catalytic, 1 mol%), 2-di-tert-butylphosphino-2',4',6'-triisopropylbiphenyl (catalytic, 1 mol%), and potassium hydroxide (3 equivalents) were added to a microwave vial. The reactants where dissolved in 1,4-dioxane (2.8 mL/mmol) and water (2.8 mL/mmol). The reaction vessel was sealed and heated by microwaves to 150 °C for 2 hours. Workup and purification were then carried out according to the relevant procedure(s) listed in Table 3.
Specific Example - Preparation of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-hydroxy-N-isobutyl-4-((tetrahydro- 2H-pyran-4-ynmethoxy)benzenesulfonamide (Example 26)
2-chloro-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- yl)methoxy)benzenesulfonamide (200 mg, 0.429 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (3.93 mg, 4.29 μηηοΙ), 2-di-tert-butylphosphino-2',4',6'-triisopropylbiphenyl (1.822 mg, 4.29 μηηοΙ) and potassium hydroxide (72.2 mg, 1.287 mmol) were added to a microwave vial. The reactants PBb lb/H-
where dissolved in 1,4-dioxane (1.2 ml.) and water (1.2 ml_). The reaction vessel was sealed and heated by microwaves (Biotage Initiator) to 150 °C for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo, 2N NaOH was added and the reaction was diluted with ethyl acetate. The organic phase was separated and was washed with 2N HCI. The organic phase was separated, dried using a hydrophobic frit and evaporated in vacuo to give the crude product as a yellow oil. The crude was purified by mass directed autoprep (ammonium carbonate modifier). The relevant fractions were then concentrated under a stream of nitrogen to give the required product, 32 mg. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.51 min, m/z (ES+) 448 (M+H).
Table 3: Preparation Details for Examples 7 to 101
Figure imgf000076_0001
Figure imgf000077_0001
Figure imgf000078_0001
Figure imgf000079_0001
Figure imgf000080_0001
Figure imgf000081_0001
Example 102: N-(2f4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-4-(5-oxopyrrolidin-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide a) Intermediate 52: methyl 4-(4-(N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N-isobutylsulfamoynphenyn-4- nitrobutanoate
To a solution of methyl 4-nitrobutanoate (0.094 ml_, 0.757 mmol), 4-bromo-N-(2,4- dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (200 mg, 0.505 mmol), di-tert-butyl(2'-methyl-[l,l'- biphenyl]-2-yl)phosphine (15.77 mg, 0.050 mmol) and cesium carbonate (197 mg, 0.606 mmol) in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME) (3 ml.) at room temperature was added
bis(dibenzylideneacetone)palladium(0) (14.51 mg, 0.025 mmol). The vial was flushed with nitrogen for 2 minutes then sealed and heated by microwaves (Emrys Optimiser) to 120 °C for 60 minutes. The reaction mixture was cooled then passed through a pre-packed silica (Si) cartridge, eluting with methanol (15 ml_). The resulting filtrate was evaporated in vacuo then purified by mass directed autoprep (formic acid modifier). The relevant fractions were concentrated under a stream of nitrogen to give the required product (~70% pure), 96 mg, used directly in next step without further purification. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.41 min, m/z (ES+) 463 (M+H). b) Example 102: N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N-isobutyl-4-(5-oxopyrrolidin-2-ynbenzenesulfonamide To a suspension of palladium on carbon (22.09 mg, 0.208 mmol) in ethanol (5 ml.) stirred under nitrogen at room temperature was added a solution of methyl 4-(4-(N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N- isobutylsulfamoyl)phenyl)-4-nitrobutanoate (96 mg, 0.208 mmol) in ethanol (5 ml.) dropwise. The flask was carefully filled with hydrogen and the reaction mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 2 hours. LCMS analysis showed disappearance of starting material. The reaction mixture was filtered through celite under an atmosphere of nitrogen and the filrate evaporated in vacuo to give a yellow gum.The crude was purified by mass directed autoprep (formic acid modifier). The relevant fractions were concentrated under a stream of nitrogen to give the required product, 1.01 mg. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.17 min, m/z (ES+) 400 (M+H, weak) 442 (M+MeCN+H) Example 103: N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-4-(2-(hydroxymethynmorpholino)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide
To a solution of morpholin-2-ylmethanol (30 mg, 0.256 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) (3 mL) stirred under nitrogen at room temperature was added triethylamine (0.071 mL, 0.512 mmol) dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes then N-(2,4- dimethylphenyl)-4-fluoro-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (86 mg, 0.256 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stired at room temperature overnight. LCMS analysis showed no product, so the solvent was removed under a stream of nitrogen and the crude treated with LiHMDS (1M in THF, 0.768 mL, 0.768 mmol) and THF (2 mL). The reaction vessel was sealed and heated by microwaves (Biotage Initiator) to 150 °C for 30 minutes. After cooling, LCMS analysis showed some conversion, so the reaction vessel was resealed and reheated by microwaves (Biotage Initiator) to 150 °C for a further 30 minutes. No further conversion was seen by LCMS, so ethyl acetate (10 mL) was added to the mixture and the organic phase washed with water (10 mL) then dried using a hydrophobic frit. Solvent was removed under a stream of nitrogen to give the crude product. The crude was purified by mass directed autoprep (ammonium carbonate modifier). The relevant fractions were concentrated under a stream of nitrogen to give the required product, 4 mg. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.29 min, m/z (ES+) 433 (M+H).
Example 104: N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-3,5-difluoro-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyn-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide a) Intermediate 53: 4-bromo-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-3,5-difluoro-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide
To a solution of 4-bromo-3,5-difluorobenzene-l-sulfonyl chloride (1462 mg, 5.02 mmol) in pyridine (10 mL) at 20 °C was added N-isobutyl-2,4-dimethylaniline (889mg, 5.01 mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was then evaporated in vacuo and redissolved in ethyl acetate. The organic phase was washed with saturated sodium carbonate (25 mL), dried using a hydrophobic frit and evaporated in vacuo to give the required product as a yellow oil, 2.06 g. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.57 min, m/z (ES+) 432/434 (M+H). b) Intermediate 54: N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-3,5-difluoro-N-isobutyl-4-vinylbenzenesulfonamide
To a vial was added potassium trifluoro(vinyl)borate (0.744 g, 5.55 mmol), triphenylphosphine (0.073 g, 0.278 mmol), 4-bromo-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3,5-difluoro-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (2 g, 4.63 mmol) suspension in tetrahydrofuran (THF) (22 mL), cesium carbonate (4.52 g, 13.88 mmol), water (2.200 mL) and palladium(II) chloride (0.016 g, 0.093 mmol). The mixture was divided evenly between two microwave vials and the vessels then sealed and heated by microwaves (Biotage Initiator) to 140 °C for 30 minutes. LCMS analysis showed some conversion, so additional 0.5 equivalent of potassium trifluoro(vinyl)borate was added to each reaction, along with extra water (2mL) and THF (2mL). The reactions were reheated by microwaves for a further 1 hour at 140 °C. The reactions were then diluted with dichloromethane (5 mL) and water (2 mL), filtered through celite and dried using a hydrophobic frit. The organics were concentrated and purified by flash silica (Si) chromatography (0-25% ethyl acetate-cyclohexane gradient). The appropriate fractions were combined and evaporated in vacuo to give two batches of the required product, 769 mg and 856 mg, as yellow oils. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.60 min, m/z (ES+) 380 (M+H). c) Intermediate 55: N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-3,5-difluoro-N-isobutyl-4-(oxiran-2- yObenzenesulfonamide
To a solution of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3,5-difluoro-N-isobutyl-4-vinylbenzenesulfonamide (1.5 g, 3.95 mmol) in dichloromethane (DCM) at 0 °C was added meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA) (2.73 g, 15.81 mmol) and the reaction mixture stirred for 24 hours from 0 °C to 25 °C. Additional mCPBA (1.364 g, 7.91 mmol) was then added and the reaction stirred for a further 6 hours. The reaction was then washed with water (2 ml_), sodium hydroxide solution (2M, 2 ml.) and brine (2 ml_), then evaporated in vacuo. The crude was purified by flash silica (Si) chromatography (0-100% dichloromethane-cyclohexane gradient). The appropriate fractions were combined and evaporated in vacuo to give the required product, 926 mg, as a yellow oil. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt. 1.45, m/z (ES+) 396 (M+H). d) Example 104: N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-3,5-difluoro-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyn-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide
To a solution of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3,5-difluoro-N-isobutyl-4-(oxiran-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide (150 mg, 0.379 mmol) in ethanol (1.5 ml.) at 25 °C was added morpholine (0.033 ml, 0.379 mmol) and the reaction mixture stirred at 50 °C for 6 hours. The mixture was concentrated in vacuo and purified by mass directed autoprep (ammonium carbonate modifier). The appropriate fractions were combined and evaporated in vacuo to give the required product, 9 mg, as a colourless oil. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.33 min, m/z (ES+) 483 (M+H).
Example 105: N-(5-chloro-2-fluorophenyn-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyn-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide a) Intermediate 56: N-(5-chloro-2-fluorophenyn-N-isobutyl-4-(oxiran-2-ynbenzenesulfonamide
To a stirred solution of N-(5-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-N-isobutyl-4-vinylbenzenesulfonamide (824mg, 2.240 mmol) in dichloromethane (DCM) at 0 °C was added meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA) (1546 mg, 8.96 mmol) and the reaction mixture stirred for 6 hours from 0 °C to 25 °C. The reaction was then washed with water (5 mL), sodium hydroxide solution (2M, 5 mL) and brine (5 mL), then evaporated in vacuo to give the required product (503 mg). LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.34 min, m/z (ES+) 384 (M+H). b) Example 105: N-(5-chloro-2-fluorophenyn-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyn-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide
To a stirred solution of N-(5-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-N-isobutyl-4-(oxiran-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide (200 mg, 0.521 mmol) in ethanol (2 ml.) at 25 °C was added morpholine (0.045 ml, 0.521 mmol) and the reaction mixture stirred at 50 °C for 24 hours. The mixture was then purified by mass directed autoprep (ammonium carbonate modifier). The appropriate fractions were combined and evaporated in vacuo to give the required product, 51.4 mg. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.25 min, m/z (ES+) 471 (M+H).
Example 106: N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-3-fluoro-4-(l-hydroxy-2-((3-methyloxetan-3-ynamino)ethyn- N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide
To a stirred solution of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-fluoro-N-isobutyl-4-(oxiran-2- yl)benzenesulfonamide (20 mg, 0.053 mmol) in ethanol at 25 °C was added 3-methyloxetan-3- amine (5.08 mg, 0.058 mmol). The reaction mixture was then stirred at 50 °C for 18 hours. Another portion of 3-methyloxetan-3-amine (5.08 mg, 0.058 mmol) was then added and the reaction stirred for a further 8 hours at 50 °C. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and purified by mass directed autoprep (ammonium carbonate modifier). The relevant fractions were concentrated under a stream of nitrogen to give the required product, 11.2 mg. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.25 min, m/z (ES+) 465 (M+H).
Example 107: N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-4-(l-hydroxy-2-((3-methyloxetan-3-ynamino)ethyl)-N- isobutyl-3-methylbenzenesulfonamide
To a stirred solution of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-3-methyl-4-(oxiran-2- yl)benzenesulfonamide (20 mg, 0.054 mmol) in ethanol at 25 °C was added 3-methyloxetan-3- amine (5.08 mg, 0.058 mmol). The reaction mixture was then stirred at 50 °C for 18 hours. Another portion of 3-methyloxetan-3-amine (5.08 mg, 0.058 mmol) was then added and the reaction stirred for a further 8 hours at 50 °C. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and purified by mass directed autoprep (ammonium carbonate modifier). The relevant fractions were concentrated under a stream of nitrogen to give the required product, 9.3 mg. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.25 min, m/z (ES+) 461 (M+H). Example 108: N-(2^-dimethylphenyO-4-(l-hydroxy-2-((3-methyloxetan-3-yO^
isobutyl-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide To a stirred solution of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-2-methyl-4-(oxiran-2- yl)benzenesulfonamide (20 mg, 0.054 mmol) in ethanol at 25 °C was added 3-methyloxetan-3- amine (5.08 mg, 0.058 mmol). The reaction mixture was then stirred at 50 °C for 18 hours. Another portion of 3-methyloxetan-3-amine (5.08 mg, 0.058 mmol) was then added and the reaction stirred for a further 8 hours at 50 °C. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and purified by mass directed autoprep (ammonium carbonate modifier). The relevant fractions were concentrated under a stream of nitrogen to give the required product, 5.2 mg. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.23 min, m/z (ES+) 461 (M+H).
Example 109: N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-3-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxy-l-morpholinoethyn-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide a) Intermediate 57: N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-3-hydroxy-N-isobutyl-4-vinylbenzenesulfonamide
3-chloro-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-4-vinylbenzenesulfonamide (250 mg, 0.662 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (6.06 mg, 6.62 μιτιοΙ), 2-di-tert-butylphosphino-2',4',6'- triisopropylbiphenyl (2.81 mg, 6.62 μιτιοΙ) and potassium hydroxide (111 mg, 1.985 mmol) were added to a microwave vial. 1,4-dioxane (1 mL) and water (1.000 mL) were then added. The reaction vessel was sealed and heated by microwaves (Biotage Initiator) to 150 °C for 2 hours. LCMS analysis showed the desired product and several side-products. The crude material was purified by silica (Si) chromatography (0-100% ethyl acetate-cyclohexane gradient). The appropriate fractions were combined and evaporated in vacuo to give the required product, 100.8 mg, as a yellow gum. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.42 min, m/z (ES+) 360 (M+H). b) Intermediate 58: N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-hydroxy-N-isobutyl-4-(oxiran-2- yObenzenesulfonamide
To a solution of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-hydroxy-N-isobutyl-4-vinylbenzenesulfonamide (100.8 mg, 0.280 mmol) in dichloromethane (DCM) (20 mL) stirred under nitrogen at 0°C was added meta- chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA) (194 mg, 1.122 mmol) portionwise. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 30 minutes, then for 72 hours at room temperature. DCM (20 mL) was added to the mixture and the organic phase washed with water (20 mL), dried using a hydrophobic frit and concentrated under a stream of nitrogen to give the crude product, 60 mg, which was used directly in the next step with no further purification. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.42 min, m/z (ES-) 374 (M-H). c) Example 109: N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-3-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxy-l-morpholinoethyn-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide
To a stirred solution of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-hydroxy-N-isobutyl-4-(oxiran-2- yl)benzenesulfonamide (60 mg, 0.160 mmol) in ethanol (1 ml.) at 25 °C was added morpholine (30.6 mg, 0.352 mmol) and the reaction mixture stirring at 50 °C for 12 hours. The reaction mixture was then concentrated in vacuo and purified by mass directed autoprep (ammonium carbonate modifier). The relevant fractions were concentrated under a stream of nitrogen to give a single regioisomer of the desired product, 11.2 mg. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.25 min, m/z (ES+) 463 (M+H).
Example 110: Methyl 5-(N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N-isobutylsulfamoyn-2-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- yl)methoxy)benzoate a) Intermediate 59: methyl 5-(N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N-isobutylsulfamoyn-2-methoxybenzoate
To a stirred solution of methyl 5-(chlorosulfonyl)-2-methoxybenzoate (1 g, 3.78 mmol) in pyridine (3 ml.) at 25 °C was added N-isobutyl-2,4-dimethylaniline (0.670 g, 3.78 mmol) and the reaction mixture stirred at 25 °C for 2 hours, then stood for 12 hours. The pyridine was evaporated in vacuo to give a yellow oil which was purified by silica (Si) chromatography (0-50% ethyl acetate- cyclohexane). The appropriate fractions were combined and evaporated in vacuo to give the required product, 1.485 g, as a colourless oil. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.37 min, m/z (ES+) 406 (M+H). b) Intermediate 60: methyl 5-(N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N-isobutylsulfamoyn-2-hydroxybenzoate
Methyl 5-(N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutylsulfamoyl)-2-methoxybenzoate (1.485 g, 3.66 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (DCM) (10 mL) and this was cooled to -78 °C. A solution of boron tribromide in DCM (1M, 18.31 mL, 18.31 mmol) was then added dropwise and the reaction stirred under nitrogen. The reaction was then allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred overnight. Water (20 mL) was added dropwise to the reaction mixture and the crude product extracted to the organic phase of an aqueous work up between DCM and water. The aqueous phase was washed twice with DCM. The organic phase was then dried and concentrated in vacuo to give the crude product. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.42 min, m/z (ES+) 392 (M+H). c) Example 110: methyl 5-(N-(2f4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutylsulfamoyl)-2-((tetrariydro-2H- pyran-4-yDmethoxy)benzoate
To a solution of methyl 5-(N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutylsulfamoyl)-2-hydroxybenzoate (100 mg, 0.255 mmol) and (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)methanol (29.7 mg, 0.255 mmol) in toluene (1.5 ml.) stirred in air at room temperature was added a solution of 2-(tributylphosphoranylidene)acetonitrile (61.7 mg, 0.255 mmol) in toluene (0.5 ml_). The reaction mixture was then stirred at 20 °C for 24 hours. After this time, additional 2-(tributylphosphoranylidene)acetonitrile (61.7 mg, 0.255 mmol) was added and the reaction stirred for a further 2 hours. The solvent was evaporated and the purification attempted by mass directed autoprep (ammonium carbonate modifier). The relevant fractions were concentrated under a stream of nitrogen to give a mixture of two products. Further purification was carried out by mass directed autoprep (Method O), to provide the desired product, 25 mg. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.44 min, m/z (ES+) 490 (M+H). Example 111: N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-3-(hydroxymethyn-N-isobutyl-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- yl)methoxy)benzenesulfonamide
To a stirred solution of methyl 5-(N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutylsulfamoyl)-2-((tetrahydro-2H- pyran-4-yl)methoxy)benzoate (20 mg, 0.041 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at 25 °C was added lithium triethylborohydride in THF (Superhydride®, 1.1 M, 0.037 ml_, 0.041 mmol) and the reaction mixture stirring at 25 °C for 15 hours. Dilute HCI was added to reaction mixture and stirred for 10 minutes. The reaction mixture was then neutralised with base and the product was extracted into ethyl acetate (3 x 10 ml_). The organics were combined and dried using a hydrophobic frit, then concentrated under a stream of nitrogen to give the crude product. This was purified by silica (Si) chromatography (0-50% ethyl acetate-cyclohexane gradient). The appropriate fractions were combined and concentrated under a stream of nitrogen to give the required product,16.2 mg, as a colourless oil. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.33 min, m/z (ES+) 462 (M+H).
Example 112: N-(4-ethylphenyn-4-(l-hydroxy-2-((3-methyloxetan-3-ynamino)ethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide a) Intermediate 61: 4-ethyl-N-isobutylaniline
To potassium iodide (5342 mg, 32.2 mmol), [Cp*IrCI2]2 (128 mg, 0.161 mmol) and 4-ethylaniline (2 ml_, 16.09 mmol) at room temperature, was added 2-methylpropan-l-ol (5.94 ml_, 64.4 mmol), followed by water (10 ml_). The reaction vessel was sealed and heated by microwaves (Biotage Initiator) to 150 °C for 90 minutes. After cooling the reaction mixture was diluted with water (10 mL) and dichloromethane (20 mL) then stirred vigorously for 3 minutes. The organic phase was separated by hydrophobic frit. The aqueous phase was diluted with further dichloromethane (10 mL) and again stirred vigorously for 2 minutes, then the organics separated by hydrophobic frit. The combined organic fractions were evaporated in vacuo to give the crude product as a brown oil. The crude was purified by silica (Si) chromatography (0-50% dichloromethane-cyclohexane gradient). The appropriate fractions were combined and evaporated in vacuo to give the required product, 2.612g, as a pale yellow oil. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 0.96 min, m/z (ES+) 178 (M+H). b) Intermediate 62: N-(4-ethylphenyn-N-isobutyl-4-vinylbenzenesulfonamide
To a solution of 4-ethyl-N-isobutylaniline (400 mg, 2.256 mmol) in pyridine (5 mL) stirred in air at room temperature was added 4-vinylbenzene-l-sulfonyl chloride (760 mg, 3.75 mmol) in one charge. The reaction mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 30 minutes then stood for 16 hours. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo (Vaportec V10) to give the crude product, which was then purified by silica (Si) chromatography (0-50% ethyl acetate-cyclohexane gradient). The appropriate fractions were combined and evaporated in vacuo to give the required product, 940 mg, as a colourless gum. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.44 min, m/z (ES+) 344 (M+H). c) Intermediate 63: N-(4-ethylphenyn-N-isobutyl-4-(oxiran-2-ynbenzenesulfonamide
A solution of N-(4-ethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-4-vinylbenzenesulfonamide (775 mg, 2.256 mmol) was prepared in dichloromethane (DCM) (60 mL) and meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA) (1557 mg, 9.02 mmol) added at 0 °C. The stirred reaction was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred over the weekend at 20°C. The reaction was then washed with water (30 mL), sodium hydroxyde solution (2 M, 30 mL) and brine (30 mL). The organic layer was dried with hydrophobic frit and concentrated under vaccum to give the required product, 868 mg. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.33 min, m/z (ES+) 360 (M+H). d) Example 112: N-(4-ethylphenyn-4-(l-hydroxy-2-((3-methyloxetan-3-ynamino)ethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide
A solution of N-(4-ethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-4-(oxiran-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide (400 mg, 1.113 mmol) was prepared in ethanol (6 mL) and 3-methyloxetan-3-amine (388 mg, 4.45 mmol) added. The reaction mixture was heated at 50 °C and stirred 16 hours. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo to give the crude product which was then purified by silica (Si) chromatography (0-100% ethyl acetate-cyclohexane+0-20% methanol). The appropriate fractions were combined and evaporated in vacuo to give the required product, 170.7 mg, as a white solid. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.21 min, m/z (ES+) 447 (M+H). Example 113: N-(4-ethylphenyn-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyn-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide
A solution of N-(4-ethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-4-(oxiran-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide (400 mg, 1.113 mmol) was prepared in ethanol (3 mL) and morpholine (0.389 mL, 4.45 mmol) added. The reaction mixture was stirred at 50 °C for 18 hours. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo (Vaportec V10) to give the crude product, which was then purified by silica (Si) chromatography (0-100% ethyl acetate- cyclohexane+0-20% methanol gradient). The appropriate fractions were combined and evaporated in vacuo to give the required product as a colourless oil which solidified on standing, 294.9mg. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.30 min, m/z (ES+) 447 (M+H). Example 114: N-(2-ethylphenyn-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyn-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide a) Intermediate 64: 2-ethyl-N-isobutylaniline
2-ethylaniline (0.102 mL, 0.825 mmol), 2-methylpropan-l-ol (0.305 mL, 3.30 mmol), potassium iodide (274 mg, 1.650 mmol) and [Cp*IrCI2]2 (10.52 mg, 0.013 mmol) were added to a microwave vial with water (1.5 mL). This was heated, by microwaves, for 90 minutes at 150 °C.
Dichloromethane (10 mL) and water (10 mL) were added and the phases separated using a hydrophobic frit. The aqueous layer was further extracted with dichloromethane (15 mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated under vaccum and purified by silica (Si) chromatography (0-50% dichloromethane-cyclohexane gradient). The relevant fractions were concentrated to provide the product as a clear oil, 0.83 mg. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.26 min, m/z (ES+) 178 (M+H). b) Intermediate 65: N-(2-ethylphenyn-N-isobutyl-4-vinylbenzenesulfonamide 2-ethyl-N-isobutylaniline (83 mg, 0.468 mmol) was dissolved in pyridine (3 mL) add 4-vinylbenzene- 1-sulfonyl chloride (114 mg, 0.562 mmol) added. Reaction stirred for over the weekend. Ethyl acetate (10 mL) was added to the solution and the organic phase was washed with water (10 mL), sodium hydroxide solution (2M, 2 x 10 mL) and brine (10 mL), then dried and concentrated under vaccum to provide the product, 129mg. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.43 min, m/z (ES+) 344 (M+H). c) Intermediate 66: N-(2-ethylphenyn-N-isobutyl-4-(oxiran-2-ynbenzenesulfonamide A solution of N-(2-ethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-4-vinylbenzenesulfonamide (129 mg, 0.376 mmol) was prepared in dichloromethane (DCM) (2 ml.) and meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA) (259 mg, 1.502 mmol) added at 0 °C. The reaction was stirred overnight from 0 °C to 25 °C. Dichloromethane (10 ml.) was then added and the organics washed with water (10 ml_), sodium hydroxyde solution (2 M, 2 x lOmL) and brine (10 ml_). The combined organics were dried with a hydrophobic frit and concentrated under vaccum to provide the product as a yellow oil, 106 mg. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.31 min, m/z (ES+) 360 (M+H). d) Example 114: N-(2-ethylpheny0-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethy0-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide
A solution of N-(2-ethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-4-(oxiran-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide (106 mg, 0.295 mmol) was prepared in ethanol (2.5 ml.) and morpholine (103 mg, 1.179 mmol) added. The reaction was heated at 50 °C and stirred for 24 hours. Solvents were evaporated and the crude material purified by flash silica (Si) chromatography (0-50 % ethylacetate-cyclohexane gradient). The relevant fractions were concentrated to provide the desired product as a clear solid, 62 mg. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.29 min, m/z (ES+) 447 (M+H). Example 115: 4-(l,2-dihydroxy-3-morpholinopropyn-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide g-enantiomer) a) Intermediate 67: (E)-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N-isobutyl-4-(3-morpholinoprop-l-en-l- yObenzenesulfonamide
A suspension of 4-bromo-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (200 mg, 0.505 mmol), potassium trans-3-bromo-l-propenyltrifluoroborate (126 mg, 0.555 mmol), morpholine (0.088 ml_, 1.009 mmol), bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) chloride (10.63 mg, 0.015 mmol) and cesium carbonate (493 mg, 1.514 mmol) was prepared in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (1 ml_). The reaction was then heated by microwaves, to 140 °C for 30 minutes. The reaction was then passed through a sulfonic acid (SCX) solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridge, eluting with methanol followed by ammonia in methanol, then concentrated under a stream of nitrogen. Purification was carried out by mass directed autoprep (ammonium carbonate modifier). The relevant fractions were
concentrated and combined to give the desired product, 23.2 mg. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.41 min, m/z (ES+) 443 (M+H). b) Example 115: 4-(lf2-dihydroxy-3-morpholinopropyl)-N-(2f4-dimethylphenyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide g-enantiomer)
AD-Mix-alpha (73.4 mg, 0.052 mmol) was stirred at room temperature in tert-butanol (2 mL) and water (2.000 mL) until two clear phases seen. Methanesulfonamide (4.99 mg, 0.052 mmol) was added to the solution and the mixture cooled to 0 °C. (E)-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-4-(3- morpholinoprop-l-en-l-yl)benzenesulfonamide (23.2 mg, 0.052 mmol) was added and the mixture stirred vigorously at 0 °C to room temperature over 2 days. The reaction was cooled again to 0 °C and further AD-Mix-alpha (73.4 mg, 0.052 mmol) was addded, then the reaction stirred at 0 °C for 4 hours, after which time a third portion of AD-Mix-alpha (73.4 mg, 0.052 mmol) was addded. Stirring was continued from 0 °C to room temperature over the weekend. The reaction was again cooled to 0 °C and a final portion of AD-Mix-alpha (73.4 mg, 0.052 mmol) was added along with additional methanesulfonamide (4.99 mg, 0.052 mmol). Reaction was stirred overnight from 0 °C to room temperature. After this time, the reaction was cooled at 0 °C and stirred for 1 hour, then sodium sulfite (70 mg, 0.555 mmol) was added to the solution and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 40 minutes. Ethyl acetate (10 mL) was added and the organics separated, the aqueous phase was extracted with further ethyl acetate (3 x 5 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with sodium hydroxide solution (2 M, 10 mL), dried and concentrated under vaccum. Purification was carried out by mass directed autoprep (Method N) to provide the desired product, 4 mg, of unknown enantiomeric excess (referred to herein as a-enantiomer). LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.18 min, m/z (ES+) 477 (M+H).
Example 116: 4-(l,2-dihydroxy-3-morpholinopropyn-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide β-enantiomer)
AD-Mix-beta (249 mg, 0.178 mmol) was stirred at room temperature in tert-butanol (1.000 mL) and water (1.000 mL) until two clear phases seen. Methanesulfonamide (16.93 mg, 0.178 mmol) was added to the solution and the mixture was cooled to 0 °C. (E)-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-4- (3-morpholinoprop-l-en-l-yl)benzenesulfonamide (39.4 mg, 0.089 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred vigorously at 0 °C for 60 hours, maintaining temperature throughout. After this time, additional AD-Mix-beta (249 mg, 0.178 mmol) and methanesulfonamide (16.93 mg, 0.178 mmol) were added. The reaction was stirred overnight at a maintained 0 °C. A final portion of AD- Mix-beta (498 mg, 0.356 mmol) was then added and the solution was stirred overnight at a maintained 0 °C. Sodium sulfite (2 x 11.22 mg, 0.089 mmol) was added to the solution and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 40 minutes. Ethyl acetate (5 mL) was added to the solution and the aqueous phase extracted with further ethyl acetate (3 x 15 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with sodium hydroxide solution (2 M, 15 mL), dried and concentrated under vaccum. The crude material was purified by mass directed autoprep (ammonium carbonate modifier). The relevant fractions were concentrated and combined to give the desired product, 17.9 mg, of unknown enantiomeric excess (referred to herein as β-enantiomer). LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.18 min, m/z (ES+) 477 (M+H).
Example 117: N-f ^-dimethylphenyn^-fl-hydroxy- -foxetan-S-ylamino^ethyn-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide
To a stirred solution of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-4-(oxiran-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide (50 mg, 0.139 mmol) in ethanol (1 ml.) at 25 °C was added oxetan-3-amine hydrochloride (15.24 mg, 0.139 mmol) and the reaction mixture stirred at 50 °C for 12 hours. The reaction mixture was then concentrated in vacuo and purification attempted by mass directed autoprep (ammonium carbonate modifier). The relevant fractions were evaporated in vacuo but give a mixture of the desired product, its regioisomer and unreacted starting material. Further attempts to separate the two regioisomers by preparative achiral HPLC failed. Separation of regioisomers was achieved successfully only by using a chiral preparative HPLC column (conditions HPLC2p) but no resolution of enantiomers was seen. 1 mg of the (presumed racemic) title product was isolated. HPLC [HPLC2a] Rt 8.5 min. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.16 min, m/z (ES+) 433 (M+H). Example 118: ^5tereo/ 0/77er./-4-(l,3-dihydroxy-2-morpholinopropyn-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide and Example 119: diastereoisometf- -t l,3-d\hydroxy-2- morpholinopropyn-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide a) Intermediate 68: N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-4-formyl-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide
To a solution of (2,4-dimethylphenyl)(2-methylpropyl)amine (400 mg, 2.256 mmol) in pyridine (5 mL) stirred in air at room temperature was added 4-formylbenzene-l-sulfonyl chloride (760 mg, 3.71 mmol) in one charge. The reaction mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 30 minutes and then stood for 6 hours. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo (Vaportec V10) to give the crude product. The crude was purified by silica (Si) chromatography (0-25% ethyl acetate-cyclohexane). The appropriate fractions were combined and evaporated in vacuo to give the required product, 794 mg as a colourless gum. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.33 min, m/z (ES+) 346 (M+H). b) Intermediate 69: diastereoisomerl-methy\ 3-(4-(N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N- isobutylsulfamoyl)phenyl)-3-hydroxy-2-morpholinopropanoate trifluoroacetic acid salt and Intermediate 70: d/astereo/somer2-methy\ 3-(4-(N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N- isobutylsulfamoynphenyn-3-hydroxy-2-morpholinopropanoate trifluoroacetic acid salt
A solution of methyl 2-morpholinoacetate (0.022 g, 0.139 mmol) was prepared in tetrahydrofuran (THF) (1 mL) and added to a solution of N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-formyl-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (0.040 g, 0.116 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) (1 mL). The mixture was cooled to approximately -90 °C (dry ice/diethylether bath), under nitrogen and treated with lithium diisopropylamide solution in THF/hexanes (2 M, 0.232 mL, 0.463 mmol). The reaction was stirred for 2 hours at -90 °C, then warmed slowly to room temperature over the weekend. Reaction quenched with water (4 mL) and ethyl acetate added (4 mL). Organic phase separated, dried by hydrophobic frit and concentrated under stream of nitrogen. Isolation of the two product diastereoisomers carried out by mass directed autoprep (Method R) to provide diastereoisomerl- methyl 3-(4-(N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutylsulfamoyl)phenyl)-3-hydroxy-2- morpholinopropanoate trifluoroacetic acid salt (8.2 mg) LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.31 min, m/z (ES+) 505 (M+H) and
Figure imgf000094_0001
3-(4-(N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutylsulfamoyl)phenyl)-3- hydroxy-2-morpholinopropanoate trifluoroacetic acid salt (8.1 mg) LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.34 min, m/z (ES+) 505 (M+H). c) Example 118: o^5tereo/ 0/77gr./-4-(l,3-dihydroxy-2-morpholinopropyn-N-(2,4- dimethylphenyO-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide
A solution of
Figure imgf000094_0002
3-(4-(N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutylsulfamoyl)phenyl)-3- hydroxy-2-morpholinopropanoate (6 mg, 0.012 mmol) was prepared in tetrahydrofuran (THF) (0.5 mL) and a solution of lithium aluminium hydride in diethylether (1 M, 0.024 mL, 0.024 mmol) was added at 0 °C. After addition, reaction stirred for 1 hour from 0 °C to room temperature. Water (0.5 mL) was added, followed by ethylacetate (0.5 mL). Organic layer was separated, dried (hydrophobic frit) and concentrated under stream of nitrogen. Analysis by LCMS showed only ~50% conversion to product, so crude material redissolved in THF (0.5 mL) and cooled to 0 °C. This was then treated with a second portion of lithium aluminium hydride in diethylether (1 M, 0.024 mL, 0.024 mmol). The reaction was stirred from 0 °C to room temperature over 5 hours. Analysis by LCMS now showed complete conversion. Water (0.5 mL) was added, followed by ethylacetate (0.5 mL).
Organic layer was separated, dried (hydrophobic frit) and concentrated under stream of nitrogen, then purification carried out by mass directed autoprep (Method M) to provide the desired product, 1.7 mg. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.19 min, m/z (ES+) 477 (M+H). d) Example 119: o^5tergo/ 0/77er -4-(lf3-dihydroxy-2-morpholinopropyl)-N-(2f4- dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide A solution of diastereoisomer2-T(\et]\ \ 3-(4-(N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutylsulfamoyl)phenyl)-3- hydroxy-2-morpholinopropanoate (6 mg, 0.012 mmol) was prepared in tetrahydrofuran (THF) (0.5 mL) and a solution of lithium aluminium hydride in diethylether (1 M, 0.024 mL, 0.024 mmol) was added at 0 °C. After addition, reaction stirred for 1 hour from 0 °C to room temperature. Water (0.5 mL) was added followed by ethylacetate (0.5 mL). Analysis by LCMS showed complete conversion to product. Organic layer was separated, dried (hydrophobic frit) and concentrated under stream of nitrogen, then purification carried out by mass directed autoprep (Method M) to provide the desired product, 1.8 mg. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.22 min, m/z (ES+) 477 (M+H).
Example 120: N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyn-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide hydrochloride
HCI salt was prepared by dissolving N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (180 mg) in diethylether (2 mL) and treating with solution of HCI in dioxane (4 M, excess). Mixture concentrated then recrystallised from ethanol (minimum) with slow diffusion of diethylether to give required product (146 mg) as white crystals. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.30 min, m/z (ES+) 447 (M+H). Example 121: e/7c?^/o/77gr./-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyn-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide and Example 122: e/7c?^/o/77gr -N-(2,4-dimethylphenyn-4-(l-hydroxy-2- morpholinoethyn-N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide by chiral separation of rac-Example 22
Enantiomers of rc?c-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (26 mg) were separated by chiral preparative HPLC (conditions HPLClp) to provide e^c?^f/o/77er-?-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (10 mg) HPLC [HPLCla] Rt 17.5 min. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.32 min, m/z (ES+) 447 (M+H) and e/?c?/7f/i7/77er -N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (10 mg) HPLC [HPLCla] Rt 23.5 min. LCMS [LCMS2] Rt 1.32 min, m/z (ES+) 447 (M+H).
Example 123: N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide a) Intermediate 71: Methyl 2-bromo-5-(N-(4-ethylphenyn-N-isobutylsulfamoyDbenzoate To a solution of 4-ethyl-N-isobutylaniline (400 mg, 2.256 mmol) in pyridine (2 mL) stirred in air at 20 °C was added methyl 2-bromo-5-(chlorosulfonyl)benzoate (707 mg, 2.256 mmol) portionwise, over 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 30 minutes, then left to stand overnight. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo to give the crude product as a sticky yellow solid. This was triturated with methanol and filtered and dried to give the desired product as a white solid, 600 mg. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.41 min, m/z (ES+) 454/456 (M+H). b) Intermediate 72: Methyl 5-(N-(4-ethylphenyO-N-isobutylsulfamoyO-2- ((trimethylsilyOethynyObenzoate
A mixture of methyl 2-bromo-5-(N-(4-ethylphenyl)-N-isobutylsulfamoyl)benzoate (325 mg, 0.715 mmol), bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) chloride (15.06 mg, 0.021 mmol), copper(I) iodide (5.45 mg, 0.029 mmol), dicyclohexylamine (0.157 ml, 0.787 mmol) and acetonitrile (2 mL) was degassed under a gentle stream of nitrogen then ethynyltrimethylsilane (211 mg, 2.146 mmol) was added. The mixture was sealed and heated by microwaves to 80 °C for 3 hours. After cooling, the mixture was partitioned between sodium bicarbonate solution (10 mL) and dichloromethane (DCM) (20 mL), then the organic phase washed with water (5 mL) and HCI (2N, 10 mL). The organics were dried and evaporated to give the desired product as a yellow gum, 320 mg. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.58 min, m/z (ES+) 472 (M+H). c) Intermediate 73: Methyl 2-acetyl-5-(N-(4-ethylphenyn-N-isobutylsulfamoyl)benzoate
A mixture of methyl 5-(N-(4-ethylphenyl)-N-isobutylsulfamoyl)-2-((trimethylsilyl)ethynyl)benzoate (320mg, 0.678 mmol), mercuric sulphate (201 mg, 0.678 mmol), H2S04 (1.357 mL, 1.357 mmol) and acetone (6 mL) was heated at reflux for 4 hours. The mixture was partitioned between ammonium chloride solution (10 %, 20 mL) and dichloromethane (DCM) (2 x 25 mL) then organics separated, dried (MgS04) and evaporated onto florisil. The crude material was purified by silica (Si) chromatography (0-100% dichloromethane-cyclohexane gradient) to give the title compound as a colourless gum, 110 mg. LCMS [LCMS1] Rt 1.33 min, m/z (ES+) 418 (M+H). d) Intermediate 74: Methyl 5-(N-(4-ethylphenyO-N-isobutylsulfamoyO-2-(2- morpholinoacetynbenzoate
A solution of phenyltrimethylaminotribromide (100 mg, 0.266 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) (0.5 mL) was added dropwise over 5 minutes, to a solution of methyl 2-acetyl-5-(N-(4-ethylphenyl)-N- isobutylsulfamoyl)benzoate (105 mg, 0.251 mmol) in THF (1.5 mL) at room temperature, under nitrogen. The orange solution was stirred for 1 hour to give a yellow solution containing a white precipitate. Analysis showed major product to be the desired intermediate bromoketone. The precipitate was filtered off and the solution was treated with morpholine (0.066 mL, 0.754 mmol). The resulting suspension was stirred for 30 minutes and partitioned between ammonium chloride solution (10 mL) and ethyl acetate (2 x 5 mL). The dried (MgS04) extract was evaporated to give the desired product (65 mg), as an orange gum, which was used directly in the next step. LCMS [LCMSl] Rt 1.06 min, m/z (ES+) 503 (M+H). e) Example 123: N-(4-ethylphenyn-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyn-3-(hydroxymethyn-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide
A solution of Super-Hydride® (1 M in tetrahydrofuran, 0.388 mL, 0.388 mmol) was added slowly to a solution of methyl 5-(N-(4-ethylphenyl)-N-isobutylsulfamoyl)-2-(2-morpholinoacetyl)benzoate (65 mg, 0.129 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) (0.5 mL) at room temperature, under nitrogen. The solution was stirred for 16 hours, then treated with HCI (2 N, 2 mL) and stirred for 10 minutes. The mixture was basified with sodium bicarbonate solution and extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 5 mL). The organics were dried (MgS04) then evaporated and purification of the crude attempted on a silica (Si) cartridge eluting with 5 % methanol-dichloromethane + 0.5 % ammonia, although this gave poor separation. Purification was successfully achieved using a silica (Si) cartridge eluting with 1-3 % methanol-dichloromethane + 0.1-0.3 % ammonia to give the desired product as a cream solid, 31 mg. LCMS [LCMSl] Rt 0.90 min, m/z (ES+) 477 (M+H).
Example 124: N-(4-ethylphenyn-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N-isobutyl-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- yl)methoxy)benzenesulfonamide a) Intermediate 75: methyl 5-(N-(4-ethylphenyD-N-isobutylsulfamoyD-2-hydroxybenzoate
To a solution of 4-ethyl-N-isobutylaniline (598 mg, 3.37 mmol) in pyridine (10 mL) stirred in air at 20 °C, was added methyl 5-(chlorosulfonyl)-2-hydroxybenzoate (845 mg, 3.37 mmol) portionwise, over 1 hour. The reaction mixture was then stirred at 20 °C for 30 minutes. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo to give the crude product as a yellow sticky solid. This was triturated with methanol then filtered and dried to give the title product as a white solid, 907 mg. LCMS [LCMSl] Rt 1.38 min, m/z (ES+) 392 (M+H). b) Intermediate 76: methyl 5-(N-(4-ethylphenyl)-N-isobutylsulfamoyl)-2-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran- 4-yl)methoxy)benzoate To a solution of (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)methanol (74.2 mg, 0.639 mmol) and methyl 5-(N-(4- ethylphenyl)-N-isobutylsulfamoyl)-2-hydroxybenzoate (500 mg, 1.277 mmol) in toluene (0.5 ml.) at room temperature, was added a solution of 2-(tributylphosphoranylidene)acetonitrile (339 mg, 1.405 mmol) in toluene (0.5 ml.) in one charge. The reaction mixture was stirred vigorously for 1 hour, then left to stand overnight. Additional 2-(tributylphosphoranylidene)acetonitrile (339 mg, 1.405 mmol) and (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)methanol (74.2 mg, 0.639 mmol) were added and the reaction mixture stirred for an additional 8 hours. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo to give the crude product, which was purified by silica (Si) chromatography (0-100% ethyl acetate-cyclohexane) to give the title compound as an orange gum, 109.6 mg. LCMS [LCMSl] Rt 1.37 min, m/z (ES+) 490 (M+H). c) Example 124: N-(4-ethylphenyn-3-(hydroxymethyn-N-isobutyl-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- yl)methoxy)benzenesulfonamide
A solution of Super-Hydride® (1 M in tetrahydrofuran, 0.449 mL, 0.449 mmol) was added over 5 minutes, to a solution of methyl 5-(N-(4-ethylphenyl)-N-isobutylsulfamoyl)-2-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran- 4-yl)methoxy)benzoate (100 mg, 0.204 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) (2 mL) under nitrogen. The solution was stirred for 1 hour then was added to a 1: 1 mixture of ammonium chloride solution and HCI (2 N, 10 mL). The mixture was extracted with tert-butyl methyl ether (TBME) (2 x 5 mL), then organics dried and evaporated. The residue was purified by silica (Si) chromatography (0-50% ethyl acetate-cyclohexane) to give the title compound as a white foam (75 mg). LCMS [LCMSl] Rt 1.28 min, m/z (ES+) 462 (M+H). Chiral Separation of N-(4-ethylphenyn-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyn-3-(hydroxymethyn-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide
N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (racemic compound, which may be prepared, for example, according to Example 123; 4.5 g, 9.44 mmol, LCMS: 97.39%) was dissolved in 54 ml of co-solvent (0.5%DEA in Isopropanol).
Chiral Separation - Instrument Parameters
System: Thar SFC-80 Auto purification system
Solubility: Methanol
Loading/injection: 25mg/inj
Column: Chiralcel-OX-H Total Flow: 70g/min
% Co Solvent: 30% (0.5%DEA in Isopropanol)
Stacked injection Time: 7.5min
UV: 222nm
Peak of Enantiomer 1 (Example 125): Fractions 5.0 lit collected and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)- N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide(peak-l) (730 mg, 1.523 mmol, 16.14 % yield) as a white solid. *H NMR (400MHz, CD3OD) δ: 7.715-7.694 (IH, d), 7.648-7.643 (IH, d), 7.469-7.444 (IH, dd), 7.153-7.132 (2H, d), 6.957-6.936 (2H, dd), 5.226-5.194 (IH, dd), 4.748-4.657 (2H, m), 3.728-3.694 (4H, m), 3.354-3.336 (2H, d), 2.723-2.566 (8H, m), 1.54-1.506 (IH, m),1.286 (2H, s), 1.238-1.201 (3H, t), 0.909-0.892 (6H,d).
SOR: [a] 25 589 + 23.4°(C-1.0 in Methanol)
Peak of Enantiomer 2 (Example 126): Fractions 8.0 lit collected and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)- N-isobutylbenzenesulfonamide (peak-2) (820 mg, 1.709 mmol, 18.10 % yield) as a yellow solid. H NMR (400MHz, CD3OD) δ: 7.708-7.688 (IH, d), 7.649-7.644 (IH, d), 7.464-7.439 (IH, dd), 7.153-7.132 (2H, d), 6.957-6.936 (2H, dd), 5.209-5.177 (IH, m), 4.745-4.656 (2H, m), 3.715-3.682 (4H, m), 3.354-3.335 (2H, d), 2.689-2.521 (8H, m), 1.542-1.506 (IH, m), 1.286 (2H, s), 1.238- 1.201 (3H, t), 0.909-0.802 (6H, d).
SOR: [a] 25 589 - 21.2°(C-1.0 in Methanol)
LC-MS Analysis Conditions
LCMS analysis was conducted on an X-Bridge C18 column (4.6mm x 75 mm i.d. 3.5μηη packing diameter) at 25 °C.
The solvents employed were:
A = 0.05mM solution of ammonium acetate in water
B = 100% Acetonitrile
The gradient employed was:
Figure imgf000099_0001
The UV detection was an averaged signal from wavelength of 190nm to 400nm (extracted at compound UV) and mass spectra were recorded on a mass spectrometer using alternate scan positive and negative mode electrospray ionization.
Example 125: LC-MS m/z 477.4 [M+H]+ 99.47% purity at 4.2 RT(Minutes)
Example 126: LC-MS m/z 477.4 [M+H]+ 99.33% purity at 4.17 RT(Minutes)
CHIRAL-HPLC Analysis Conditions fPuritv Checkl
Column: Chiralpak 1A (4.6X250mm) 5μ
Mobile phase: D: 0.1%DEA in hexane : C=Ethanol
Isocratic: 90: 10
Flow rate: 0.8ml/min
Temperature: Ambient °C
Diluent: Ethanol
Example 125: Chiral HPLC 99.53% purity at 14.11 RT (Minutes)
Example 126: Chiral HPLC 98.46% purity at 12.68 RT (Minutes)
HPLC Analysis Conditions
Column: X-Bridge C18 (4.6 x 150mm) 3.5μηη
Mobile phase: A: 0.01 Ammonium acetate B: ACN
T/%B: 0/30,2/30,4/70,6/95,15/95,15.1/30
Flow rate: 1.0ml/min
Temperature: Ambient °C
Diluent: ACN+H20
Example 125: HPLC 99.51% purity at 6.68 RT (Minutes)
Example 126: HPLC 99.51% purity at 6.69 RT (Minutes)
Vibrational Circular Dichronism (VCD) The absolute configurations of Example 125 and Example 126 were determined by ab initio vibrational circular dichroism (VCD), a form of differential vibrational spectroscopy that combines experimental and computational VCD data to determine absolute stereochemistry (Appl. Spectrosc. 65 (7), 699 (2011)).
Experimental
Concentrations: equimolar solutions (0.15-M) in DCM Cell: sealed transmission/BaF2 windows/lOOum pathlength Spectrometer: ChiralIR-2X™ FT-VCD spectrometer (BioTools, Inc.) Scan Parameters: 2200-800 cm"1 at 4 cm"1 resolution Computation
Conformational Search: stochastic with MMFF94x
Model Chemistry (vibrational properties): B3LYP/dgdzvp
Spectral Synthesis: Boltzmann statistics
Quantitative Analysis: CompareVOA™ (BioTools, Inc.)
Assigned Configurations and Confidence Limit
Example 125 was assigned with S absolute configuration.
Example 126 was assigned with R absolute configuration.
The confidence limit for these assignments was estimated to be >98%.
Table 4 Intermediate Structures (13-124 and 137 to 1511
Figure imgf000102_0001
Figure imgf000103_0001
Figure imgf000104_0001
103
Figure imgf000105_0001
104
Figure imgf000106_0001
Figure imgf000107_0001
106
Figure imgf000108_0001
Table 5: Starting Materials
Figure imgf000109_0001
Figure imgf000110_0001
Figure imgf000111_0001
Figure imgf000112_0001
Figure imgf000113_0001
112
Figure imgf000114_0001
Figure imgf000115_0001
Figure imgf000116_0001
Figure imgf000117_0001
Figure imgf000118_0001
117
Figure imgf000119_0001
118 Table 6: Example Structures
Figure imgf000120_0001
Figure imgf000121_0001
Figure imgf000122_0001
121
Figure imgf000123_0001
Figure imgf000124_0001

Figure imgf000125_0001

Figure imgf000126_0001
Figure imgf000127_0001

Figure imgf000128_0001
Figure imgf000129_0001
Figure imgf000130_0001

Figure imgf000131_0001
130
Figure imgf000132_0001
131
Figure imgf000133_0001
ı32
Figure imgf000134_0001
ı33
Figure imgf000135_0001

Figure imgf000136_0001

Figure imgf000137_0001
Figure imgf000138_0001
Figure imgf000139_0001
Figure imgf000140_0001
Analytical Methodology
Outlined below are general methods for work-up and purification.
Work-up
Reactions were worked up in a number of ways which may be combined for example by solid-phase extraction (SPE) using either sulfonic acid (SCX) or aminopropyl (NH2) cartridges eluting with methanol and then 2M methanolic ammonia (Method S); quench with water, isopropanol or methanol (Method Q); solid-phase extraction using fluorous cartridges eluting with methanol: water (Method FL); evaporation either in vacuo or by blowing nitrogen across sample (Method E); and aqueous work up where the sample is diluted with water or dilute acid or dilute base and then extracted with a suitable organic solvent, for example ethyl acetate or dichloromethane (Method A); or filtration of sample through a filter tube (Method F).
Evaporation
Samples were concentrated using Radley's nitrogen blow down unit, rotary evaporator or Biotage V10 evaporator to give crude residue.
Purification
Purification was by a range of methods including: mass-directed autoprep (MDAP) using either low or high pH modifiers see below for column details; automated normal phase chromatography on for example a Biotage Flashmaster II or a ISCO companion, using silica or aminopropyl column and a range of solvents, which included, for example, ethyl acetate/ cyclohexane/ dichloromethane and methanol; or recrystallisation from suitable solvent.
Table 4: Purification Methods
Figure imgf000141_0001
MDAP O
MDAP R
MDAP M
Normal Phase Chromatography: Silica: El
EtOAc- cyclohexane 0-100%
Normal Phase Chromatography: Silica E2
0-50% ethyl acetate-cyclohexane
Normal Phase Chromatography: Silica E3
EtOAc- cyclohexane 0-25%
Normal Phase Chromatography: Silica D2
0-100% DCM in cycohexane
Normal Phase Chromatography Silica D3
0-50% DCM in cyclohexane
Re-crystallisation from Methanol R
MDAP Purification
MDAP: Method F
The HPLC purification was conducted on a Sunfire C18 column (150mm x 30mm i.d. 5μηη packing diameter) at ambient temperature.
The solvents employed were:
A = 0.1% v/v solution of Formic Acid in Water.
B = 0.1% v/v solution of Formic Acid in Acetonitrile.
Flow rate 40 mL/min.
The gradient was selected according to the analytical retention time.
The UV detection was an averaged signal from wavelength of 210nm to 350nm and mass spectra were recorded on a mass spectrometer using alternate-scan positive and negative mode electrospray ionization.
MDAP: Method A
The HPLC purification was conducted on a Waters XBridge C18 column (100mm x 30mm i.d. 5μηη packing diameter) at ambient temperature. The solvents employed were:
A = 10 mM Ammonium Bicarbonate in water adjusted to pH 10 with Ammonia solution.
B = Acetonitrile.
Flow rate 40 mL/min.
The gradient was selected according to the analytical retention time.
The UV detection was an averaged signal from wavelength of 210nm to 350nm and mass spectra were recorded on a mass spectrometer using alternate-scan positive and negative mode
electrospray ionization. MDAP: Method T
The HPLC purification was conducted on a Sunfire C18 column (150mm x 30mm i.d. 5μηη packing diameter) at ambient temperature.
The solvents employed were:
A = 0.1% v/v solution of trifluoroacetic acid in water.
B = 0.1% v/v solution of trifluoroacetic acid in acetonitrile.
The gradient was selected according to the analytical retention time.
The UV detection was an averaged signal from wavelength of 210nm to 350nm and mass spectra were recorded on a mass spectrometer using positive electrospray ionisation.
MDAP: Method N
The HPLC purification was conducted on a Waters XBridge C18 column (100mm x 19mm i.d. 5μηη packing diameter) at ambient temperature.
The solvents employed were:
A = 10 mM Ammonium Bicarbonate in water adjusted to pH 10 with Ammonia solution.
B = Methanol.
Flow rate 20 mL/min.
The gradient was selected according to the analytical retention time.
The UV detection was an averaged signal from wavelength of 210nm to 400nm and mass spectra were recorded on a mass spectrometer using alternate-scan positive and negative mode electrospray ionization.
MDAP: Method O The HPLC purification was conducted on a Waters Atlantis dC18 column (100mm x 19 mm i.d. 5μηη packing diameter) at ambient temperature.
The solvents employed were:
A = 0.1% v/v solution of Formic Acid in Water.
B = Acetonitrile.
Flow rate 20 mL/min.
The gradient was selected according to the analytical retention time.
The UV detection was an averaged signal from wavelength of 210nm to 400nm and mass spectra were recorded on a mass spectrometer using alternate-scan positive and negative mode electrospray ionization.
MDAP: Method R
The HPLC purification was conducted on a Sunfire C18 column (100mm x 19mm i.d. 5μηη packing diameter) at ambient temperature.
The solvents employed were:
A = 0.1% v/v solution of trifluoroacetic acid in water.
B = 1: 1 acetonitrile: methanol.
Flow rate 20 mL/min.
The gradient was selected according to the analytical retention time.
The UV detection was an averaged signal from wavelength of 210nm to 400nm and mass spectra were recorded on a mass spectrometer using positive electrospray ionisation.
MDAP: Method M
The HPLC purification was conducted on a Waters XBridge C18 column (100mm x 19mm i.d. 5μηη packing diameter) at ambient temperature.
The solvents employed were:
A = 10 mM Ammonium Bicarbonate in water adjusted to pH 10 with Ammonia solution.
B = Acetonitrile.
Flow rate 20 mL/min.
The gradient was selected according to the analytical retention time.
The UV detection was an averaged signal from wavelength of 210nm to 400nm and mass spectra were recorded on a mass spectrometer using alternate-scan positive and negative mode electrospray ionization. LCMS Analytical Conditions
LCMS1
UPLC analysis was conducted on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (2.1mm x 50mm i.d. 1.7μηη packing diameter) at 40°C.
The solvents employed were:
A = 0.1% v/v solution of formic acid in water.
B = 0.1% v/v solution of formic acid in acetonitrile.
The gradient employed was:
Figure imgf000145_0001
The UV detection was an averaged signal from wavelength of 210nm to 350nm and mass spectra were recorded on a mass spectrometer using alternate-scan positive and negative mode electrospray ionization.
LCMS2 UPLC analysis was conducted on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (50mm x 2.1mm
i.d. 1.7μηη packing diameter) at 40°C.
The solvents employed were:
A = 10 mM ammonium bicarbonate in water adjusted to pH 10 with
ammonia solution.
B = Acetonitrile.
The gradient employed was: Time (min) Flow Rate (mL/min) % A % B
0 1 99 1
1.5 1 3 97
1.9 1 3 97
2.0 1 99 1
The UV detection was a summed signal from wavelength of 210nm to 350nm and mass spectra were recorded on a mass spectrometer, such as a Waters ZQ, using alternate-scan positive and negative mode electrospray ionization.
LCMS3
UPLC analysis was conducted on an Acquity C18 column (2mm x 50mm, 1.7μηη)
The solvents employed were:
A: Water lOmM Ammonium Acetate 0.1% formic acid
B: 95% acetonitrile/water 0.05% formic acid
Figure imgf000146_0001
The UV detection was a summed signal from wavelength of 220nm to 330nm and mass spectra were recorded on a mass spectrometer using alternate-scan positive and negative mode electrospray ionization.
LCMS4 The HPLC analysis was conducted on a Sunfire C18 column (30mm x 4.6mm i.d. 3.5μηη packing diameter) at 30°C.
The solvents employed were:
A = 0.1% v/v solution of formic acid in water. B = 0.1% v/v solution of formic acid in acetonitrile.
The gradient employed was:
Figure imgf000147_0001
The UV detection was a summed signal from wavelength of 210nm to 350nm and mass spectra were recorded on a mass spectrometer using alternate-scan positive and negative mode
electrospray ionization.
Chiral HPLC HPLCla
Chiral HPLC analysis was conducted using a Chiralcel OJ column (25 cm x 4.6 mm i.d.).
Isocratic solvent system was employed : 10 % ethanol/heptane
Flow rate = 1.0 mL/min
UV detection wavelength 230 nm
Method : Approximately 0.5 mg material was dissolved in 50 % ethanol/heptane (1 mL) and 20 uL injected on column.
HPLClp
Chiral preparative HPLC was conducted using a Chiralcel OJ column (25 cm x 2 cm).
Isocratic solvent system was employed : 10 % ethanol/heptane
Flow rate = 14 mL/min
UV detection wavelength 215 nm
Method : Material was dissolved in 50 % ethanol/heptane (2 mL total) and 2 mL injected on column.
HPLC2a Chiral HPLC analysis was conducted using a Chiralcel OJ column (25 cm x 4.6 mm i.d.). Isocratic solvent system was employed: 20 % ethanol/n-hexane
Flow rate = 1.0 mL/min
UV detection wavelength 300 nm
HPLC2D
Chiral preparative HPLC was conducted using a Chiralcel OJ-H column (25 cm x 3 cm).
Isocratic solvent system was employed: 20 % ethanol/n-hexane
Flow rate = 45 mL/min
UV detection wavelength 300 nm
Method: Material was dissolved in warm ethanol (1.7 mL) and purification carried out in 0.5 mL injections on column.
Biological Evaluation
The compounds of formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are RORy modulators, and hence have utility in the treatment of inflammatory, metabolic and autoimmune diseases mediated by RORy. The biological activities of exemplified compounds of formula (I) were assessed in the following disclosed assays.
Dual Fluorescence Energy Transfer (FRET) Assay This assay is based on the knowledge that nuclear receptors interact with cofactors (transcription factors) in a ligand dependent manner. RORy is a typical nuclear receptor in that it has an AF2 domain in the ligand binding domain (LBD) which interacts with co-activators. The sites of interaction have been mapped to the LXXLL motifs in the co-activator SRC1(2) sequences. Short peptide sequences containing the LXXLL motif mimic the behavior of full-length co-activator.
This assay measures ligand-mediated interaction of the co-activator peptide with the purified bacterial-expressed RORy ligand binding domain (RORy-LBD) to indirectly assess ligand binding. RORy has a basal level of interaction with the co-activator SRC1(2) in the absence of ligand, thus, it is possible to find ligands that inhibit or enhance the RORy/SRCl(2) interaction.
Materials Generation of RORy-LBD bacterial expression plasmid
Human RORy Ligand Binding Domain (RORy-LBD) was expressed in Eco/i strain BL21(DE3) as an amino-terminal polyhistidine tagged fusion protein. DNA encoding this recombinant protein was sub-cloned into a modified pET21a expression vector (Novagen). A modified polyhistidine tag (MKKHHHHHHLVPRGS) was fused in frame to residues 263-518 of the human RORy sequence.
Protein Purification
Approximately 50 g EcoiiceW pellet was resuspended in 300 mL of lysis buffer (30 mM imidazole pH 7.0 and 150 mM NaCI). Cells were lysed by sonication and cell debris was removed by
centrifugation for 30 minutes at 20,000g at 4 °C. The cleared supernatant was filtered through a 0.45 uM cellulose acetate membrane filter. The clarified lysate was loaded onto a column (XK-26) packed with ProBond Nickel Chelating resin (InVitrogen), pre-equilibrated with 30 mM imidazole pH 7.0 and 150 mM NaCI. After washing to baseline absorbance with the equilibration buffer, the column was developed with a gradient from 30 to 500 mM imidazole pH 7.0. Column fractions containing the RORy-LBD protein were pooled and concentrated to a volume of 5 ml_s. The concentrated protein was loaded onto a Superdex 200 column pre-equilibrated with 20 mM Tris-CI pH 7.2 and 200 mM NaCI. The fractions containing the desired RORy-LBD protein were pooled together.
Protein Biotinylation Purified RORy-LBD was buffer exchanged by exhaustive dialysis [3 changes of at least 20 volumes (>8000 x)] against PBS [100 mM NaPhosphate, pH 8 and 150 mM NaCI]. The concentration of RORy-LBD was approximately 30 uM in PBS. Five-fold molar excess of NHS-LC-Biotin (Pierce) was added in a minimal volume of PBS. This solution was incubated with occasional gentle mixing for 60 minutes at ambient room temperature. The modified RORy-LBD was dialyzed against 2 buffer changes - TBS pH 8.0 containing 5 mM DTT, 2 mM EDTA and 2 % sucrose - each at least 20 times of the volume. The modified protein was distributed into aliquots, frozen on dry ice and stored at - 80 °C. The biotinylated RORy-LBD was subjected to mass spectrometric analysis to reveal the extent of modification by the biotinylation reagent. In general, approximately 95 % of the protein had at least a single site of biotinylation and the overall extent of biotinylation followed a normal distribution of multiple sites ranged from one to five. A biotinylated peptide corresponding to amino acid 676 to 700 (CPSSHSSLTERHKILHRLLQEGSPS) of the co-activator steroid receptor coactivator SRC1(2) was generated using similar method.
Assay
Protocol Step 1: Preparation of Europium labeled SRC1(2) peptide
Biotinylated SRC1(2) solution was prepared by adding an appropriate amount of biotinylated SRC1(2) from the 100 uM stock solution to a buffer containing 10 mM of freshly added DTT from solid to give a final concentration of 40 nM. An appropriate amount of Europium labeled
Streptavidin was then added to the biotinylated SRC1(2) solution in a tube to give a final concentration of 10 nM. The tube was inverted gently and incubated for 15 minutes at room temperature. Twenty-fold excess biotin from the 10 mM stock solution was added and the tube was inverted gently and incubated for 10 minutes at room temperature.
Protocol Step 2: Preparation ofAPC labeled RORy-LBD
Biotinylated RORy-LBD solution was prepared by adding an appropriate amount of biotinylated RORy-LBD from the stock solution to a buffer containing 10 mM of freshly added DTT from solid to give a final concentration of 40 nM. An appropriate amount of APC labeled Streptavidin was then added to the biotinylated RORy-LBD solution in a tube to give a final concentration of 20 nM. The tube was inverted gently and incubated for 15 minutes at room temperature. Twenty-fold excess biotin from the 10 mM stock solution was then added and the tube was inverted gently and incubated for 10 minutes at room temperature.
Protocol Step 3: Testing
Equal volumes of the above-described Europium labeled SRC1(2) peptide and the APC labeled RORy-LBD were gently mixed together to give 20 nM RORy-LBD, 10 nM APC-Strepavidin, 20 nM SRC1(2) and 5 nM Europium-Streptavidin. The reaction mixtures were incubated for 5 minutes. Using a Thermo Combi Multidrop 384 stacker unit, 25 uL of the reaction mixtures per well was added to the 384-well assay plates containing 1 uL of test compound per well in 100 % DMSO. The plates were incubated for 1 hour and then read on ViewLux in Lance mode for EU/APC. Results The exemplified compounds of formula (I) were tested in the dual FRET assay described above. All exemplified compounds of formula (I), with the exception of E3, E6, E70, E92 and E102 that were not tested, were found to have a mean pIC50 between 5.0 and 8.0. The exemplified compounds of formula (I) E12, E20, E21, E23, E24, E25, E26 and E98 were found to have a mean pIC50 value of > 7.8. E123, E124, E125 and E126 were found to have mean pIC50 values of 7.5, 7.7, 7.5 and 7.2, respectively.
Peripheral Blood Mononucleocyte Cell Assay (PBMC Assay - IL-17) RORs (/tetinoic Acid Related £¾phan Receptors) are members of the class 1 nuclear receptor family. RORs regulate gene transcription by binding to specific DNA response element (RORE) as a monomer and have critical roles of in development, immunity, circadian rhythm, and cellular metabolism (recently reviewed by A. Jetten, Nuclear Receptor Signaling 2009, 7, 1-32). One member of this nuclear receptor family, RORvt, has been identified as a regulator of differentiation and development of IL-17 expressing human and mouse CD4+ T cells, so called Thl7 cells which play a role in both host defence and inflammatory disorders. RORvt is also required for transcription of the genes encoding IL-17A and IL-17F in iNKT, NKT {Mucosal Immunol. 2009, 2(5), 383-392; J. Immunol. 2008, 180, 5167-5171), γδ T cells (Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2010, 182, 464-476), CD8+ T cells (J. Leukocyte Biol. 2007, 82, 354-360) and finally CD4"CD8TCRa + T cells (J. Immunol. 2008, 181, 8761-8766). Additional immune cells such as eosinophils, neutrophils and macrophages can also be a source of IL-17A in allergic inflammation related to asthma (J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2001, 108, 430-438; J. Immunol. 2008, 181, 6117-6124; Immunit ' 2004, 21, 467-476), however, the link with RORvt has not yet been confirmed in the literature. This assay is designed to measure levels of IL-17A secreted from antiCD3/CD28 stimulated frozen Peripheral Blood Mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from human blood with the aim of identifying inhibitors of IL-17A release.
Assay Solutions
Assay Media Components:
RPMI 1640 (as supplied, for example, by Gibco) - 90 %
FCS (as supplied, for example, by Invitrogen) (endotoxin tested) - 10 %
Penicillyn/Streptomycin solution xl
Preparation: 50 ml. Heat Inactivated Australian FBS, 5 ml. Glutamax and 5 ml_ Penicillin/Streptomycin are aseptically added to 500 ml. RPMI in a biosafety cabinet. The
Penicllin/Streptomycin 100X stock is supplied by, for example, Gibco (10,000 Units/mL Penicillin, 10,000 ug/mL Streptomycin). Stock L-glutamine 100X (as supplied, for example, by Invitrogen) Note: To be kept in a fridge (4 °C) for 4 weeks. Warm up in a water bath set at 37 °C prior to use.
Anti-human IL- 17 detection antibody Components:
IL-17 detection antibody and Blocking buffer B (supplied, for example, by Mesoscale Discovery) Dulbecco's PBS without Ca2+ and Mg2+ (supplied, for example, by Gibco)
Note: Prepare detection anti body at final concentration of 1 ug/mL Solution to be kept refrigerated.
MSD Read Buffer Tx 2 Components: Water and MSD Read Buffer T x 4 (as supplied, for example, by MSD)
Note: Dilute MSD Read Buffer T x 4 in half with water. To be kept at room temperature.
Assay Capacity: 384 Equipment and Materials
MSD Sector Imager 6000 supplied by MesoScale Discovery (MSD)
Multidrop 384 supplied by Thermo Scientific
CyBi-Well, model 7518-00 supplied by CyBio AG
Microplates 384 clear supplied by Greiner
Assay
Protocol Step 1: Assay plates preparation before adding cell suspension
1. Ensure no external endotoxin is present in media and reagents used in the assay.
2. The compounds for screening are dispensed into a master plate at 10 mM top concentration which are serially diluted 1:3 across 11 points in DMSO, then 500 nL is transferred into a 384-well flat-bottomed Greiner plate to which 50 uL of cell suspension is added: for the single shot screening the highest concentration of compound is 10"5M; for 11 point full curve dose response studies the highest concentration is 10"4 M.
CONTROLS: As a low control, DMSO (as supplied, for example, by VWR) (final concentration 1 %) in column 6 (16 points).
As a high control, 5-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-ureidothiophene-3-carboxamide (obtainable from, for example, Sigma) at a final concentration of 10"4 M in DMSO should be used in column 18 (16 points).
If the compounds dispensed earlier than the day of the assay, they should be kept at -20 °C. Protocol Step 2: Day 1: Thawing and Handing ofPBMC
1. Thaw PBMC in the vial using water bath (37 °C). Ensure that water does not cover the vial (the level should be lower than the screw cup of the vial)
2. Transfer the contents of the vial into 50 ml. Falcon tube.
3. Add 10 ml. of Assay Media drop by drop to decrease the concentration of DMSO (as supplied, for example, by VWR) in the freezing media gradually.
4. Spin down the cells in a centrifuge (1000 rpm - 5 mins).
5. Deca nt the su pernata nt.
6. Re-suspend the cells in 10 ml. of Assay Media.
7. Transfer of 0.1 ml. of suspension into Cedex counting tube.
8. Add 0.9 ml. of media to achieve volume of the suspension for counting up to 1 ml_. Count the cells on Cedex using 1: 10 dilution factor settings.
9. Make the cell suspension at the concentration 8 x 105 cells/mL to give a final number of 40,000 cells/well. Protocol Step 3: Day 1: Stimulation of PBMC with CD3/CD28 beads
1. Add well mixed CD3/CD28 Dynabeads (as supplied, for example, by Dynal) to achieve ratio beadxell = 2: 1 (ie. a dilution of 1 in 20). Mix thoroughly.
2. Dispense the suspension into the 384 Assay Plates using Multidrop (50 uL per well). If the volume of cell suspension is large, mix the suspension after dispensing into every other plate.
3. Cover the plates with the lids and place them to the humidified incubator (37 °C, 5 % C02) for 48 hours.
Protocol Step 4: Day 2: MSD plates preparation
1. Block cytokine capture Mesoscale Discovery MSD plates with 0.1 % Block buffer B (provided by Mesoscale Dsicovery) in D-PBS solution using 40 uL per well. 2. Leave the plates covered with lids in the fridge over night.
3 Plates are washed manually using PBS and a multidrop combi. Blocker B buffer is flicked out into a waste pot and 40 uL of PBS is dispensed into the plate using a combi. This is then flicked out manually and the plates tapped on to blue roll to remove as much residual liquid as possible before transferring the cell supernatant.
4 Tap the plates over a paper towel.
Protocol Step 5: Day 3: IL- 17 Detection on MSD plates 1. Transfer 10 uL of supernatants from assay plates to the MSD plates using Cybiwell. Ensure that all wells are covered with the solution. Tap the plate gently, if some of the wells are not covered with the supernatant.
2. Cover the plates with adhesive foil (brown stickers) and leave them for 1 hour of incubation on shaker at room temperature (RT).
3. Add 10 uL of MSD IL-17 detecting antibody using multidrop (1 ug/mL in D-PBS without Ca2+ and Mg2+ (supplied, for example, by Gibco)).
4. Cover the plates with adhesive foil and incubated with shaking for 3 hours at room temperature
5. Plates are washed manually twice using PBS and a multidrop combi as before.
6. Tap the plates over a paper towel.
7. Add 35 uL of MSD Read Buffer T x 2 using multidrop.
8. Read plates on MSD MA6000 reader using the 384 well plate protocol as per manufacturer's instructions. Results
The exemplified compounds of formula (I) were tested in the PBMC assay described above. All exemplified compounds of formula (I), with the exception of E3, E5, E6, E13, E15-17, E34, E35, E39, E52, E55, E57, E60-62, E67-69, E71, E73, E76, E80, E81, E83, E91-96, E99, E100, E102, E105 and El 17-119 that were not tested and E47 which had a mean pIC50 of < 4, were found to have a mean pIC50 between 4.5 and 8.0. The exemplified compounds of formula (I) E8, E12, E21, E33, E36, E84, E87-90, E107, E108, El 11, El 13, E120, E122 to E126 were found to have a mean pIC50 value of > 6.0. E123, E124, E125 and E126 were found to have mean pIC50 values of 6.5, 7.2, 6.5 and 6.1, respectively.
Ex-vivo human skin model Fresh ex vivo human skin from healthy bariatric patients, that underwent abdominoplasty skin removal, was de-fatted and dermatomed at 750 μιτι. Dermatomed skin was incubated twice for 5- 10 minutes at room temperature in PBS containing a antibiotic/antimycotic solution: Fungizone (Invitrogen #15290018), PSG (Fisher #BW17718R) and Gentamicin (Invitrogen #15750060). Skin was treated aseptically from this point on. Individual skin samples were obtained by 10 mm punch biopsy and placed in a 0.4 μιτι PCF membrane transwell (Millicell #PIHP01250 ) containing 30 μΙ of a 64% bovine collagen solution. After a 30 minute incubation at 37°C, which allows the collagen solution time to set, skin samples on transwells were transferred to 6-well plates (1 sample per well) and the lower chamber filled with 1 ml complete media (Cornification Media) + hydrocortisone (final concentration of 0.4 μg/ml) with or without test compounds at 10 μΜ (day -3) and allowed to rest overnight (16-18 h) at 37°C. Next, media was aspirated from the lower chamber, replaced with 1 ml complete media without hydrocortisone and incubated at 37°C for 1 h. This constituted a 'wash' step. Following the hydrocortisone washout, media was again aspirated from the lower chamber and replaced with 1.0 ml complete media without hydrocortisone with or without GSK compounds at 10 μΜ (day -2). Cultures were incubated at 37°C in a humidified chamber and media was refreshed one more day (day-1). The following day (day-0), cultures were stimulated for 24h with a freshly made Thl7 cytokine cocktail (CD3, 1 Mg/ml, CD28, 2 Mg/ml, IL-lb, 10 ng/ml, IL-6, 5 ng/ml, TGFb, 1 ng/ml, IL-21, 10 ng/ml, anti-IL-4, 1 μg/ml and anti-INFg, 1 μg/ml) with or without test compounds at 10μΜ. Upon harvest (day +1), skin samples were minced with a razor blade and transferred to 1.5 ml RNAse-free tubes with 1 ml RNAIater solution until later analysis by RT-PCR (stored at -80C).
RNA isolation
Total RNA was isolated from about 30-40 mg of tissue using Qiagen's (Cat # 74106) Mini RNA Isolation kit. Briefly, tissue was homogenized in the Precellys-24 machine using 300 μΙ_ of RLT buffer supplemented with 1% 2-Beta-Mercapto-Ethanol at 6300 rpm for 30 seconds for 6 cycles with a 2-minute ice break. 600 μΙ_ of water containing Proteinase K was added to the homogenate and digested at 55 C for 15 minutes. Digested tissue was spun down for 3 minutes at 10,000X g and the supernantant was used for RNA isolation using Qiagen's RNeasy mini columns according to manufacturer's protocol. 100 ng of RNA was used as template in a 20 μΙ_ PCR volume using Applied Biosciences RNA-to-CT 1 Step kit (AB Catalog # 4392938) as well as the specific TaqMan probe for each gene to be quantified. Life Technologies FAM labeled Probes Catalog Numbers are as follows: ACTb = Hs01060665_gl, IL-17A = Hs00174383_ml, IL-17F=Hs00369400_ml, IL-22 = Hs01574154_ml. All probes used (except for ACTb) expand an Exon. Applied Biosciences' Master Mix has a ROX dye internal control. OneStepPlus PCR machine was used for both the RT step and the 40 amplification cycles. RNA levels of gene of interest's relative expression were calculated using the Delta Delta CT formula. Λ. test ■ ΔΔ0 T _ Δ^Τ, c antral ~* ^^T,t« st
control
First delta: Normalized to ACTb gene expression
Second delta: Normalized to sample 13 (Day 0 + DMSO) for the gene of interest.
Results
As seen in Table 1, Example E124 inhibited gene transcription of ill7a, ill7f and ΊΙ22 using four different donors. Enantiomers of Example E123: E125 and E126 were also tested in the target engagement model using ex-vivo human skin. Both compounds also inhibited gene transcription of ill7a, H17f and ΊΙ22 genes. The suppressive effect was specific and statistically significant in almost all skin donors tested as the effect was seen in all RORy-dependent cytokines (IL-17A, IL-17F and IL-22) but in IFNg. Table 1. Percentage of inhibition of IL-17A, IL-17F and IL-22 mRNA expression after treatment with Example E123.
Note: * p=<0.05 (Statistically significant)
Example El 23 Skin Donor 1 Skin Donor 2 Skin Donor 3 Skin Donor 4
IL-17A 76% * 92% * 73% * 91% *
IL-17F 55% * 84% * 65% * 87% *
IL-22 63% * 57% 50% 68% *
Table 2. Percentage of inhibition of IL-17A, IL-17F and IL-22 mRNA expression after treatment with
Example E125.
Note: * p=<0.05 (Statistically sianificant)
Example El 25 Skin Donor 1 Skin Donor 2 Skin Donor 3 Skin Donor 4
IL-17A 65% * 92% * 65% * 93% *
IL-17F 39% 89% * 45% 80% *
IL-22 52% * 52% 20% 70% * Table 3. Percentage of inhibition of IL-17A, IL-17F and IL-22 mRNA expression after treatment with Example E126.
Note: * p=<0.05 (Statistically significant)
Example El 26 Skin Donor 1 Skin Donor 2 Skin Donor 3 Skin Donor 4
IL-17A 76% * 93% * 60% * 85% *
IL-17F 67% * 89% * 67% * 74% *
IL-22 67% * 58% 60% 58% *
Utility
Compounds of formula (I), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, are modulators of RORy and can be useful in the treatment of inflammatory, metabolic and autoimmune diseases mediated by RORy such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchitis, allergic diseases, such as allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis, cystic fibrosis, lung allograph rejection, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, Hashimoto's disease, pancreatisis, autoimmune diabetes, autoimmune ocular disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, inflammatory bowel disease (IBS), inflammatory bowel syndrome (IBD), Sjorgen's syndrome, optic neuritis, type I diabetes, neuromyelitis optica, Myasthenia Gravis, uveitis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, psoriatic arthritis, Graves' disease and scleritis. The use of RORy modulators for the treatment of the respiratory diseases listed above, such as asthma and COPD is of particular interest. In a further aspect, the present invention also provides a compound of formula (I), or a
pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, for use in therapy.
In a further aspect, the present invention also provides a compound of formula (I), or a
pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, for use in the treatment of inflammatory, metabolic and autoimmune diseases mediated by RORy.
In a further aspect, the present invention provides a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in the treatment of asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
In a further aspect, the present invention provides a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in the treatment of psoriasis. In a further aspect, the present invention is directed to a method of treatment of an inflammatory, metabolic or autoimmune disease mediated by RORy, which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof, a safe and therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
In yet a further aspect, the present invention is directed to a method of treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma, which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof, a safe and therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
In yet a further aspect, the present invention is directed to a method of treating psoriasis, which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof, a safe and therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
In a further aspect, the present invention is directed to the use of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the treatment of an inflammatory, metabolic or autoimmune disease mediated by RORy. In a yet further aspect, the present invention is directed to the use of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the treatment of asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
In a yet further aspect, the present invention is directed to the use of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the treatment of psoriasis.
As used herein, the term "treatment" refers to prophylaxis of the condition, ameliorating or stabilising the specified condition, reducing or eliminating the symptoms of the condition, slowing or eliminating the progression of the condition, and preventing or delaying reoccurrence of the condition in a previously afflicted patient or subject.
As used herein, the term "therapeutically effective amount" refers to the quantity of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which will elicit the desired biological response in an animal or human body.
As used herein, the term "subject" refers to an animal or human body Pharmaceutical Development
A compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, will normally, but not necessarily, be formulated into pharmaceutical compositions prior to administration to a patient. Accordingly, in another aspect the invention is directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and one or more pharmaceutically-acceptable excipients. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, may be prepared using techniques and methods known to those skilled in the art. Some of the methods commonly used in the art are described in Remington's
Pharmaceutical Sciences (Mack Publishing Company). A pharmaceutical composition of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, may be formulated for administration by any appropriate route, for example by the inhaled, nasal, oral (including buccal or sublingual), topical (including buccal, sublingual, transdermal, epicutaneous) or parenteral (subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, intradermal) route. Thus, a pharmaceutical composition of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, may be formulated as, for example, a solution or suspension (aqueous or non-aqueous), tablet, capsule, powder, granule, lozenge, lotion, cream, ointment, gel, foam or reconstitutable powder depending on the particular route of administration. Such pharmaceutical compositions may be prepared by any method known in the art of pharmacy, for example by bringing into association the active ingredient with the excipient(s).
Tablets and capsules for oral administration may be in unit dose presentation form, and may contain conventional excipients such as binding agents, for example syrup, acacia, gelatine, sorbitol, tragacanth, or polyvinylpyrrolidone; fillers, for example lactose, sugar, maize-starch, calcium phosphate, sorbitol or glycine; tabletting lubricants, for example magnesium stearate, talc, polyethylene glycol or silica; disintegrants, for example potato starch; or acceptable wetting agents such as sodium lauryl sulfate. The tablets may be coated according to methods well known in normal pharmaceutical practice.
Oral liquid preparations may be in the form of, for example, aqueous or oily suspensions, solutions, emulsions, syrups or elixirs, or may be presented as a dry product for reconstitution with water or other suitable vehicle before use. Such liquid preparations may contain conventional additives, such as suspending agents, for example sorbitol, methyl cellulose, glucose syrup, gelatine, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, aluminium stearate gel or hydrogenated edible fats, emulsifying agents, for example lecithin, sorbitan monooleate, or acacia; non-aqueous vehicles (which may include edible oils), for example almond oil, oily esters such as glycerine, propylene glycol, or ethyl alcohol; preservatives, for example methyl or propyl yOhydroxybenzoate or sorbic acid, and, if desired, conventional flavouring or colouring agents.
Pharmaceutical compositions of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for topical administration, may be presented as, for instance, ointments, creams or lotions, eye ointments and eye or ear drops, impregnated dressings and aerosols, and may contain appropriate conventional additives such as preservatives, solvents to assist drug penetration and emollients in ointments and creams. The compositions may also contain compatible conventional carriers, such as cream or ointment bases and ethanol or oleyl alcohol for lotions. Such carriers may be present as from about 1% up to about 98% of the composition. More usually they will form up to about 80% of the composition.
Pharmaceutical compositions adapted for parenteral administration include aqueous and nonaqueous sterile injection solutions which may contain anti-oxidants, buffers, bacteriostats and solutes which render the composition isotonic with the blood of the intended recipient; and aqueous and non-aqueous sterile suspensions which may include suspending agents and thickening agents. The compositions may be presented in unit-dose or multi-dose containers, for example sealed ampoules and vials, and may be stored in a freeze-dried (lyophilized) condition requiring only the addition of the sterile liquid carrier, for example water for injections, immediately prior to use.
Extemporaneous injection solutions and suspensions may be prepared from sterile powders, granules and tablets.
Pharmaceutical compositions for topical administration to the lung may include aerosol compositions and dry powder compositions.
Dry powder compositions for topical delivery to the lungs or nose generally contain a powder mix of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a suitable carrier, such as lactose or starch. Dry powder compositions for topical delivery to the lung or nose may, for example, be presented in capsules and cartridges for use in an inhaler or insufflator of, for example, gelatine. Each capsule or cartridge may generally contain between 20 μg-10 mg of the compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Alternatively, the compounds of formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, may be presented without excipients. Packaging of the pharmaceutical composition may be suitable for unit dose or multi-dose delivery. In the case of multi-dose delivery, the composition can be pre-metered (eg as in Diskus, see GB 2242134 or Diskhaler, see GB 2178965, 2129691 and 2169265) or metered in use (eg as in
Turbuhaler, see EP 69715). An example of a unit-dose device is Rotahaler (see GB 2064336). The Diskus inhalation device comprises an elongate strip formed from a base sheet having a plurality of recesses spaced along its length and a lid sheet hermetically but peelably sealed thereto to define a plurality of containers, each container having therein an inhalable composition comprising a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, preferably combined with a carrier, such as lactose. Preferably, the strip is sufficiently flexible to be wound into a roll. The lid sheet and base sheet will preferably have leading end portions which are not sealed to one another and at least one of the said leading end portions is constructed to be attached to a winding means. Also, preferably the hermetic seal between the base and lid sheets extends over their whole width. The lid sheet may preferably be peeled from the base sheet in a longitudinal direction from a first end of the said base sheet.
Medicaments for administration by inhalation desirably have a controlled particle size. The optimum particle size for inhalation into the bronchial system is usually 1-10μηη, preferably 2-5μηη. Particles having a size above 20μηη are generally too large when inhaled to reach the small airways. To achieve these particle sizes the particles of compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, may be size reduced by conventional means eg by micronisation. The desired fraction may be separated out by air classification or sieving. Preferably, the particles will be crystalline, prepared for example by a process which comprises mixing in a continuous flow cell in the presence of ultrasonic radiation a flowing solution of compound of formula (I), or a
pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as medicament in a liquid solvent with a flowing liquid antisolvent for said medicament (eg as described in International Patent Application
PCT/GB99/04368). Alternatively, the particles may be prepared by a process which comprises admitting a stream of solution of the substance in a liquid solvent and a stream of liquid antisolvent for said substance tangentially into a cylindrical mixing chamber having an axial outlet port such that said streams are thereby intimately mixed through formation of a vortex and precipitation of crystalline particles of the substance is thereby caused (eg as described in International Patent Application PCT/GBOO/04237). When an excipient such as lactose is employed, generally, the particle size of the excipient will be much greater than the inhaled medicament within the present invention. When the excipient is lactose it will typically be present as milled lactose, wherein not more than 85% of lactose particles will have a MMD of 60-90 μιτι and not less than 15% will have a MMD of less than 15 μιτι. Aerosol compositions may be developed, with the use of a suitable liquefied propellant, for delivery from pressurised packs, such as a metered dose inhaler. Aerosol compositions can be either a suspension or a solution and generally contain the compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a suitable propellant such as a fluorocarbon or hydrogen-containing chlorofluorocarbon or mixtures thereof, particularly hydrofluoroalkanes, especially 1,1,1,2- tetrafluoroethane, 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoro-n-propane or a mixture thereof. The aerosol composition may optionally contain additional formulation excipients well known in the art such as surfactants eg oleic acid or lecithin and cosolvents eg ethanol. Aerosol compositions will generally be retained in a pressurised canister (eg an aluminium canister) closed with a valve (eg a metering valve) and fitted into an actuator with a mouthpiece. Aerosol compositions may also include aqueous solutions or suspensions that are delivered to the nose or lungs by nebulisation. Pharmaceutical compositions for topical administration to the nose may also be developed for delivery by nasal spray or as nasal droplets. Pharmaceutical compositions for nasal administration may be developed in such a way to allow the medicament(s) to be delivered to all appropriate areas of the nasal cavities (the target tissue). Moreover, a pharmaceutical composition may be developed for nasal administration, which permits the medicament(s) to remain in contact with the target tissue for an increased period of time.
A suitable dosing regimen for a pharmaceutical composition administered topically to the nose by use of a nasal spray may be for the patient to inhale slowly through the nose subsequent to the nasal cavity being cleared. During inhalation, the composition may be administered to one nostril while the other is manually compressed. This procedure may then be repeated for the other nostril. Generally, one or two sprays per nostril may be administered by the above procedure up to two or three times each day. Typically, each spray to the nostril may deliver from about 25 to about 100 μΙ_ of the pharmaceutical composition.
Pharmaceutical compositions for topical administration to the nose by nasal spray or as nasal drops may be prepared as a solution or suspension. The solution or suspension may be aqueous or nonaqueous based, and may contain one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, such as suspending agents, for example carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, veegum, tragacanth, bentonite and polyethylene glycols; preservatives, for example chelating agents (e.g EDTA), quaternary ammonium compounds (e.g benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, cetrimide and cetylpyridinium chloride), mercurial agents (e.g. phenylmercuric nitrate, phenylmercuric acetate and thimerosal), alcoholic agents (e.g. chlorobutanol, phenylethyl alcohol and benzyl alcohol), antibacterial esters (e.g. esters of para-hydroxybenzoic acid) and other anti-microbial agents such as chlorhexidine, chlorocresol, sorbic acid and its salts (e.g. potassium sorbate), and polymyxin;
isotonicity adjusting agents, for example sodium chloride, dextrose, xylitol and calcium chloride; buffering agents, wetting agents, for example fatty alcohols, esters and ethers, such as
polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (polysorbate 80); anti-oxidants, sweetening agents and taste-masking agents. It should be understood that in addition to the ingredients particularly mentioned above, the pharmaceutical compositions may include other agents conventional in the art having regard to the type of formulation in question.
A compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, may also be used in combination with one or more other therapeutic agents, selected from the group consisting of β - adrenoreceptor agonists, anti-inflammatory agents (e.g. corticosteroids and NSAID's) and anticholinergic agents. 2-adrenoreceptor agonists that may be used in combination with a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, include, for example, salmeterol, salbutamol, formoterol, and salts thereof, for example the xinafoate salt of salmeterol, the sulfate salt of salbutamol or the fumarate salt of formoterol). Further 2-adrenoreceptor agonists include those described in WO03/024439, such as 4-{(l ?)-2-[(6-{2-[(2,6-dichlorobenzyl)oxy]ethoxy}hexyl)amino]-l- hydroxyethyl}-2-(hydroxymethyl)phenol and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, such as triphenylacetate.
Corticosteroids that may be used in combination with a compound of formula (I), or a
pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, include, for example, fluticasone propionate and 6α,9α- difluoro-17a-[(2-furanylcarbonyl)oxy]-l i -hydroxy-16a-methyl-3-oxo-androsta-l,4-diene-17 - carbothioic acid fluoromethyl ester (fluticasone furoate).
Anticholinergic agents may also be used in combination with a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Examples of anticholinergic agents are those compounds that act as antagonists at the muscarinic receptors, in particular those compounds which are antagonists of the Mi or M3 receptors, dual antagonists of the Μ^Γ^ or M2/M3, receptors or pan- antagonists of the M!/M2/M3 receptors. Antimuscarinic compounds for administration via inhalation include, for example, ipratropium (for example, as the bromide, CAS 22254-24-6, sold under the name Atrovent), tiotropium (for example, as the bromide, CAS 136310-93-5, sold under the name Spiriva), (3-e/?i i7)-3-(2-cyano-2,2-diphenylethyl)-8,8-dimethyl-8-azoniabicyclo[3.2.1]octane bromide, and 4-[hydroxy(diphenyl)methyl]-l-{2-[(phenylmethyl)oxy]ethyl}-l- azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane bromide. It will be clear to a person skilled in the art that, where appropriate, the other therapeutic agent(s) may be used in the form of pharmaceutically acceptable salts, or prodrugs, or as esters (e.g lower alkyl esters), or as solvates (e.g. hydrates) to optimise the activity and/or stability and/or physical characteristics (e.g. solubility) of the therapeutic agent. It will be clear also that, where appropriate, the therapeutic agent(s) may be used in optically pure form. The invention thus provides in a further aspect a combination comprising a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and one or more other therapeutic agents.

Claims

1. A compound of formula (la), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
Figure imgf000165_0001
(la)
wherein Ri is selected from the group consisting of H, Ci-3alkyl, Ci-3alkoxy, CF3, and halo; R2, R3 and R4 are H;
R5 is C1-3alkyl;
Re is C3-5alkyl or -CH2C3-4cycloalkyl;
R is selected from the group consisting of:
Figure imgf000165_0002
each R8 is independently selected from the group consisting of halo, Ci-6alkyl, Ci-6alkoxy, C3- ecycloalkyl, CN, OH, C(0)OH, C(0)OC1-3alkyl and CH2OH;
R9 is the group -(CHR10)s-(X)t-(CHR10)u-Rii;
each Rio is independently selected from H, CH3, OH and CH2OH;
X is CH2, NH or 0;
R11 is a heterocycloalkyl or C3-6 cycloalkyl group which may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of CH3,
OMe, OH, CH2OH and halo;
r is 0, 1 or 2;
s is 0, 1 or 2;
t is 0 or 1;
u is 0, 1 or 2;
with the proviso that no more than two Ri0 groups represent CH , OH or CH2OH.
2. A compound according to claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Ri is H.
3. A compound according to claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Ri and R5 are each independently CH or halo.
4. A compound according to claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Ri and R5 are CH3.
5. A compound according to any of claims 1 to 4, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R6 is selected from the group consisting of propyl, isobutyl, and -CH2cyclopropyl.
6. A compound according to claim 5, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R6 is isobutyl.
7. A compound according to any of claims 1 to 6, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
:
Figure imgf000166_0001
8. A compound according to any of claims 1 to 7, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R7 is:
Figure imgf000166_0002
9. A compound according to any of claims 1 to 7, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein r is 1.
10. A compound according to any of claims 1 to 7, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein r is 2.
11. A compound according to any of claims 1 to 10, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt
thereof, wherein each R8 is independently selected from the group consisting of CH3, OCH3, CH2OH, cyclopropyl, fluoro and chloro.
12. A compound according to any of claims 1 to 10, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt
thereof, wherein R8 is CH2OH.
13. A compound according to any of claims 1 to 7, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein r is 0.
14. A compound according to any of claims 1 to 13, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt
thereof, wherein s is 0.
15. A compound according to any of claims 1 to 13, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt
thereof, wherein s is 1.
16. A compound according to any of claims 1 to 15, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt
thereof, wherein u is 2.
17. A compound according to any of claims 1 to 15, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein u is 1.
18. A compound according to any of claims 1 to 15, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt
thereof, wherein u is 0.
19. A compound according to any of claims 1 to 18, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt
thereof, wherein t is 1 and X is 0.
20. A compound according to any of claims 1 to 18, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt
thereof, wherein t is 0.
21. A compound according to any of claims 1 to 20, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt
thereof, wherein each Ri0 is H.
22. A compound according to any of claims 1 to 21, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt
thereof, wherein Rn is a heterocycloalkyl group selected from oxirane, oxetane, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydro-2 pyran, pyrrolidine, piperidine, morpholine, morpholin-3-one, and thiomorpholine 1,1-dioxide.
23. A compound according to claim 22, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Rn is a heterocycloalkyl selected from tetrahydro-2 pyran and morpholine.
24. A compound according to any of claims 1 to 21, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt
thereof, wherein Rn is cyclohexane.
25. A compound according to any of claims 1 to 22, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt
thereof, wherein Rn is unsubstituted.
26. A compound according to claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which is selected from the group consisting of:
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-3-[(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)methyl]benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-[2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethoxy]benzene-l- sulfonamide;
2-[(2,4-dimethylphenyl)(2-methylpropyl)sulfamoyl]-5-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzoic acid;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-methoxy-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4- ylmethoxy)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-{[(oxan-4-ylmethyl)amino]methyl}benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[(cis-3-fluoropiperidin-4-yl)methoxy]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene- 1-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(piperidin-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide; N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-[(l-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)methoxy
sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-[(5-oxomorpholin-2-yl)methoxy]benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[(3-methyl-5-oxomorpholin-3-yl)methoxy]-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methy^^
yl]methoxy}benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-((cis-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methoxy)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide;
4-[(3,5-dihydroxycyclohexyl)oxy]-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
4-(((lS,3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxycyclohexyl)oxy)-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide;
4-[2-(3,5-dimethylmorpholin-4-yl)ethoxy]-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-[(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)methyl]benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-[(oxetan-3-ylmethoxy)methyl]benzene-l- sulfonamide;
3-chloro-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
3-cyclopropyl-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3,5-difluoro-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-methyl-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-methyl-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-hydroxy-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide; 2- chloro-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-fluoro-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-fluoro-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-methoxy-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxolan-3-ylmethoxy)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-hydroxy-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(morpholin-4-yl)benzene-l-sulfonamide; N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-yloxy)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-ethoxy-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-isobutyl-4-(((2R,3R)-2-methylmorpholin-3- yl)methoxy)benzenesulfonamide;
3- cyano-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
2-cyano-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[(cis-3-fluoropiperidin-4-yl)methoxy]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene- 1-sulfonamide;
4- (cyclohexylmethoxy)-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide; 4-[(2,6-dimethylcyclohexyl)methoxy]-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[(3-hydroxycyclohexyl)oxy]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
4-{[(2S)-4,4-difluoropyrrolidin-2-yl]methoxy}-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-3-ylmethoxy)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-[(6-oxopiperidin-3-yl)oxy]benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-(l,4-dioxan-2-ylmethoxy)-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide; N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[(4-methylcyclohexyl)methoxy]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzen sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-{[l-(morpholin-4-yl)propan-2-yl]oxy}benzene- 1-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(morpholin-2-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(morpholin-3-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-2-ylmethoxy)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
4-[(6,6-dimethylmorpholin-3-yl)methoxy]-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-3-[2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethoxy]benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-{[(2R,3S)-3-hydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy}-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[(4-fluoropiperidin-4-yl)methoxy]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[(2,6-dioxo-l,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-4-yl)methoxy]-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-3-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-{[(2R,3S,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2- yl]methoxy}benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[(l-methylpiperidin-4-yl)oxy]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-{[(cis-3-fluoropiperidin-4-yl)methoxy]methyl}-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
4-[2-(2,6-dimethylmorpholin-4-yl)ethoxy]-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2,3-difluoro-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-{[l-(2-methoxyethyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl]methoxy}-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[(l-ethylpyrrolidin-3-yl)methoxy]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[(l-methylpiperidin-4-yl)methoxy]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzen sulfonamide; N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(pyrrolidin-3-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(piperidin-4-yloxy)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-3-(piperidin-4-yloxy)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
4-(azetidin-3-ylmethoxy)-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-{[(6-oxopiperidin-3-yl)oxy]methyl}benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)-2-(propan-2- yloxy)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-{l-hydroxy-2-[(3-methyloxetan-3-yl)amino]ethyl}-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(piperidin-l-yl)ethyl]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-(2-(l,l-dioxidothiomorpholino)-l-hydroxyethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[2-(3-fluoropiperidin-l-yl)-l-hydroxyethyl]-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-{l-hydroxy-2-[2-(hydroxymethyl)morpholin-4-yl]ethyl}-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[2-(4-fluoropiperidin-l-yl)-l-hydroxyethyl]-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[2-hydroxy-l-(piperidin-l-yl)ethyl]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[3-(hydroxymethyl)morpholin-4-yl]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-{[(3S,4R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxolan-2- yl]methoxy}benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-{[(3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxolan-2- yl]methoxy}benzene-l-sulfonamide;
3-chloro-4-[2-(4,4-difluoropiperidin-l-yl)-l-hydroxyethyl]-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
3-chloro-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[2-hydroxy-l-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
3-chloro-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide; 3-chloro-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-{2-oxa-6-azaspiro[3.3]heptan-6-yl}ethyl)-N (2-methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
3-chloro-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-{l-hydroxy-2-[trans-(3-hydroxycyclobutyl)amino]ethyl}- N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-fluoro-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-2-methyl-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[2-hydroxy-l-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-3-methyl-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-3-methyl-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
5-[(2,4-dimethylphenyl)(2-methylpropyl)sulfamoyl]-2-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzoic acid; 2-bromo-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
2- cyclopropyl-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-{l-hydroxy-2-[(oxan-4-yl)amino]ethyl}-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxypiperidin-l-yl)ethyl]-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxypiperidin-l-yl)ethyl]-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
3- cyano-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
3-chloro-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[2-hydroxy-l-(4-hydroxypiperidin-l-yl)ethyl]-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-{l-hydroxy-2-[(oxan-3-yl)amino]ethyl}-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[2-hydroxy-l-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(5-oxopyrrolidin-2-yl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[2-(hydroxymethyl)morpholin-4-yl]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide; N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3,5-difluoro-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(5-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-fluoro-4-{l-hydroxy-2-[(3-methyloxetan-3-yl)amino]ethyl}-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-{l-hydroxy-2-[(3-methyloxetan-3-yl)amino]ethyl}-2-methyl-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-{l-hydroxy-2-[(3-methyloxetan-3-yl)amino]ethyl}-3-methyl-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-hydroxy-4-[2-hydroxy-l-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
methyl 5-[(2,4-dimethylphenyl)(2-methylpropyl)sulfamoyl]-2-(oxan-4-ylmethoxy)benzoate;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N-(2-methylpropyl)-4-(oxan-4- ylmethoxy)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-{l-hydroxy-2-[(3-methyloxetan-3-yl)amino]ethyl}-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
N-(2-ethylphenyl)-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l- sulfonamide;
4-[l,2-dihydroxy-3-(morpholin-4-yl)propyl]-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
4-[l,2-dihydroxy-3-(morpholin-4-yl)propyl]-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-{l-hydroxy-2-[(oxetan-3-yl)amino]ethyl}-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
4-[l,3-dihydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)propyl]-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
4-[l,3-dihydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)propyl]-N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2- methylpropyl)benzene-l-sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l sulfonamide;
N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-N-(2-methylpropyl)benzene-l sulfonamide; N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-4-[l-hydroxy-2-(morpholin-4-y^
sulfonamide;
N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide;
N-(4-ethylphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N-isobutyl-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- yl)methoxy)benzenesulfonamide;
(S)-N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide; and
(R)-N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide;
27. A compound according to claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which is selected from the group consisting of:
N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide;
N-(4-ethylphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N-isobutyl-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- yl)methoxy)benzenesulfonamide;
(S)-N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide; and
(R)-N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide.
28. A compound according to claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which is (S)-N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide.
29. A compound according to claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which is (R)-N-(4-ethylphenyl)-4-(l-hydroxy-2-morpholinoethyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N- isobutylbenzenesulfonamide.
30. A compound according to claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which is N- (4-ethylphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-N-isobutyl-4-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4- yl)methoxy)benzenesulfonamide.
31. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound as defined in any one of claims 1 to 30, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
32. A compound as defined in any one of claims 1 to 30, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in therapy.
33. A compound as defined in any one of claims 1 to 30, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in the treatment of inflammatory, metabolic and autoimmune diseases mediated by RORy.
34. A compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use according to claim 33, wherein the disease is asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) , bronchitis, allergic diseases, such as allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis, cystic fibrosis, lung allograph rejection, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, Hashimoto's disease, pancreatisis, autoimmune diabetes, autoimmune ocular disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, inflammatory bowel disease (IBS), inflammatory bowel syndrome (IBD), Sjorgen's syndrome, optic neuritis, type I diabetes, neuromyelitis optica, Myasthenia Gravis, uveitis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, psoriatic arthritis, Graves' disease or scleritis.
35. A compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use according to claim 33, wherein the disease is asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
36. A compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use according to claim 33, wherein the disease is asthma.
37. A compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use according to claim 33, wherein the disease is psoriasis.
38. A method of treatment of an inflammatory, metabolic or autoimmune disease mediated by RORy comprising administering to a subject in need thereof, a safe and therapeutically effective amount of a compound as defined in any one of claims 1 to 30, or a
pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
39. A method of treatment according to claim 38, wherein the disease is asthma, chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) , bronchitis, allergic diseases, such as allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis, cystic fibrosis, lung allograph rejection, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, Hashimoto's disease, pancreatisis, autoimmune diabetes, autoimmune ocular disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, inflammatory bowel disease
(IBS), inflammatory bowel syndrome (IBD), Sjorgen's syndrome, optic neuritis, type I diabetes, neuromyelitis optica, Myasthenia Gravis, uveitis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, psoriatic arthritis, Graves' disease or scleritis.
40. A method of treatment according to claim 38, wherein the disease is asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
41. A method of treatment according to claim 38, wherein the disease is asthma.
42. A method of treatment according to claim 38, wherein the disease is psoriasis.
43. A method of treatment according to any one of claims 38-42 wherein the subject is a human subject.
44. The use of a compound as defined in any one of claims 1 to 30, or a pharmaceutically
acceptable salt thereof in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the treatment of an inflammatory, metabolic or autoimmune disease mediated by RORy.
45. The use according to claim 44 wherein the disease is asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
46. The use according to claim 44 wherein the disease is psoriasis.
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