WO2013159681A1 - 一种生物电信号检测电路和导联线检测电路及医疗设备 - Google Patents

一种生物电信号检测电路和导联线检测电路及医疗设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013159681A1
WO2013159681A1 PCT/CN2013/074487 CN2013074487W WO2013159681A1 WO 2013159681 A1 WO2013159681 A1 WO 2013159681A1 CN 2013074487 W CN2013074487 W CN 2013074487W WO 2013159681 A1 WO2013159681 A1 WO 2013159681A1
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Prior art keywords
lead
level
lead wire
output
signal
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English (en)
French (fr)
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岑建
刘启翎
王兵
伍晓宇
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Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd
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Publication of WO2013159681A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013159681A1/zh
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Priority to US14/525,016 priority Critical patent/US9897629B2/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/30—Input circuits therefor
    • A61B5/307—Input circuits therefor specially adapted for particular uses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
    • G01R1/02—General constructional details
    • G01R1/06—Measuring leads; Measuring probes
    • G01R1/067—Measuring probes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/0084—Measuring voltage only

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a lead wire detecting circuit and a medical device including the lead wire detecting circuit.
  • the physiological activities of certain tissues of the human body can be reflected by bio-waves.
  • the lead wire can be connected to the chest/brain to detect ECG/EEG, and the detected ECG/EEG can be drawn into An electrocardiogram/EEG can assist the doctor in judging the pathological changes in the tissue.
  • the lead wire In the process of detecting the lead wire, the lead wire may be in poor contact or fall off (collectively referred to as falling off), resulting in failure of the test.
  • the existing lead wire drop detection technology usually uses a constant current source to bias the lead wire, or biases the voltage source through a mega ohm resistor to form a bias circuit to bias the lead wire, and the bias current passes through the reference guide.
  • the line forms a loop.
  • ECG detection when the lead wire and the human body are normally connected, the body impedance is much smaller than the output impedance of the bias circuit, the voltage drop generated by the bias circuit on the body impedance is small, and the signal amplitude of the ECG front end is close to 0V. Does not affect the normal ECG measurement.
  • the impedance When the lead wire falls off, the impedance is infinite, and the signal lead wire is driven to a certain fixed level by the bias circuit, so that the lead wire is generated on the ECG input channel when it is disconnected or connected. Significant level amplitude changes.
  • analog-to-digital converters are usually designed in the system
  • the industry's traditional method is to use an analog-to-digital converter to periodically sample the level of the ECG input channel and select a lead-connected level and a drop-off level.
  • a suitable voltage threshold is used to compare the voltage threshold with the acquired level amplitude to determine the connection state of the lead wires.
  • the invention provides a lead wire detecting circuit, a bioelectric signal detecting circuit and a medical device including the lead wire detecting circuit, and the connection state of the lead wire is detected by another scheme.
  • a lead wire detection circuit comprising:
  • At least one lead wire the lead wire includes a contact end for contacting the human body and a signal output end;
  • bias circuit corresponding to each lead wire, the bias circuit being connected to a signal output end of the lead wire;
  • a reference level generator for outputting a reference level
  • a comparator having an input coupled to an output of the reference level generator and a signal output of the lead line, respectively, for inputting a reference level and a lead signal, respectively, and performing the lead signal and the reference level Comparing, the output level of the output is converted according to the comparison result;
  • control logic module the input end of the control logic module is coupled to the comparator output, and the control logic module determines the state of the lead wire connection or disconnection according to the level state of the collected comparator output.
  • a bioelectrical signal detecting circuit comprising:
  • At least one lead wire the lead wire includes a contact end for contacting the human body and a signal output end;
  • bias circuit corresponding to each lead wire, the bias circuit being connected to a signal output end of the lead wire;
  • a reference level generator for outputting a reference level
  • a comparator having an input coupled to an output of the reference level generator and a signal output of the lead line, respectively, for inputting a reference level and a lead signal, respectively, and performing the lead signal and the reference level Comparing, the output level of the output is converted according to the comparison result;
  • control logic module the input end of the control logic module is coupled to the comparator output, and the control logic module determines the state of the lead wire connection or disconnection according to at least the level state of the output of the comparator output.
  • a medical device comprising the above-described lead wire detecting circuit.
  • the comparator and the control logic module are used to realize the detection of the lead wire dropout, the circuit structure is simple, the cost is low, and the chip integration is easy.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an exemplary schematic diagram of a lead signal input by a comparator when a lead wire is connected and the environmental power frequency interference is large;
  • FIG. 3 is an exemplary schematic diagram of a lead signal input by a comparator when the lead wire is detached and the environmental power frequency interference is large;
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the output signal of the lead wire is compared with a preset threshold by the comparator.
  • the input voltage of the comparator is the output bias voltage of the bias circuit.
  • the output of the comparator is in a state.
  • the input voltage of the comparator is a bioelectric signal generated by the human body, and the amplitude is close to 0V.
  • the output of the comparator is another state, according to the level of the output of the comparator. The status can determine whether the lead wire is connected or disconnected.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • a bioelectric signal detecting circuit includes a lead wire 11 for normal testing, a bias circuit 12 and a lead wire detecting circuit 10 , and the lead wire detecting circuit 10 includes a reference level generator 13 and a comparator 14 .
  • control logic module the control logic module is used to implement logic judgment function, which can use Logic Gates (logic gates), MCUs (microcontrollers), FPGAs (field programmable gate arrays) and other device implementations.
  • the control logic module includes the microprocessor 15 as an example for description.
  • the lead wire 11 includes a contact end 111 for contacting the human body and a signal output end 112.
  • the contact end 111 contacts the human body by clamping or pasting, and the human body collected through the lead wire 11 is collected.
  • the electrical signal is output through signal output 112.
  • the bias circuit 12 is in one-to-one correspondence with the lead wires 11, and each of the bias circuits 12 is connected to the signal output terminals of the respective lead wires 11.
  • the bias circuit 12 can be implemented by a constant current source or by a voltage source connected to a megaohm resistor, for example, a megaohm resistor is connected between the voltage source and the signal output terminal 112 of the lead line. The bias voltage is supplied to the detection circuit when the line is disconnected.
  • bias circuit 12 includes a bias resistor 125, and a 3.3V voltage source provides a bias voltage through bias resistor 125.
  • Resistors 121, 127 and capacitor 123 couple the output signal of the lead wire 11 (human bioelectrical signal) to the input of comparator 14 while coupling bias circuit 12 to lead wire 11.
  • the reference level generator 13 is for generating and outputting a reference level which is used as a threshold for defining the lead wire dropout, and can be set as needed.
  • the two inputs of comparator 14 are coupled to the output of reference level generator 13 and the signal output 112 of the lead line, respectively, and the output of comparator 14 is coupled to microprocessor 15, such as the output of comparator 14. It is connected to the input/output interface (IO port) of the microprocessor 15.
  • the comparator 14 is configured to compare the real-time lead signal outputted by the signal output terminal 112 of the lead line with a reference level, and convert the output level of the output end according to the comparison result, for example, when the lead signal is greater than or equal to the reference level, At this time, it is equivalent to the bias voltage input by the comparator 14, the comparator 14 outputs the first level; when the lead signal is less than the reference level, the comparator 14 inputs the human body bio-voltage, and the comparator 14 outputs The second level.
  • the microprocessor 15 determines whether the lead wire is connected or disconnected based on the level state of the output of the comparator.
  • the microprocessor periodically reads the level state of the IO port at the set first time interval, and more specifically, for example, identifies the IO port level at intervals of 1 ms, when the level state of the read IO port is At the first level, it is determined that the lead wire is off, and when the level state of the read IO port is the second level, it is determined that the lead wire is connected.
  • the lead wire 11 When the lead wire is well connected, the lead wire 11 is connected to the body impedance, and the bias circuit 12 forms a loop through the lead wire 11, the human body, and the reference lead wire 16 that is also in contact with the human body, since the body impedance is much smaller than the bias.
  • the bias circuit 12 forms a voltage divider at the signal output end of the lead wire, which has a certain level, which is much higher than the normal ECG amplitude. Therefore, by detecting the voltage amplitude of the signal output terminal of the lead wire, it is possible to recognize that the lead wire is connected or disconnected.
  • the comparator 14 compares the real-time lead signal with the set threshold (ie, the reference level), and when the lead signal is greater than or equal to the set threshold, the comparator outputs One state is "1" (ie high level),); when the lead signal is less than the set threshold, the comparator outputs another state, which is "0" (ie low level), the microprocessor By identifying whether the output of the comparator is "1” or "0", it can be determined whether the lead wire is dropped or connected, and the real-time lead signal is not required to be compared with the threshold after being subjected to analog-to-digital conversion.
  • the set threshold ie, the reference level
  • this embodiment does not require a dedicated analog-to-digital converter or an analog-to-digital converter shared with other functions, thereby reducing the hardware complexity of the system or reducing the requirements for analog-to-digital converters used for other functions.
  • What is needed in this embodiment is a comparator, which is a low cost, easy to chip integrated device.
  • the microprocessor periodically recognizes the state of the IO port, and counts the first level state and the second level state separately, respectively counting the first level and the second in a counting period.
  • the number of levels is determined by setting a reasonable threshold. The counting and judging of the first level and the second level can be achieved in a variety of ways.
  • the counting is implemented by a program internal to the microprocessor chip, for example, the microprocessor records the level state read from the IO port to the first level and the second level during the set second time interval.
  • the number is determined to be a lead wire connection when the number of recorded first levels is less than the number of second levels, and is determined to be a lead when the number of recorded first levels is greater than or equal to the number of second levels The wire falls off.
  • the counting can be implemented by a counter inside the microprocessor chip, for example, the microprocessor includes a counter and a logic determining unit that records the power read from the IO port during the set second time interval.
  • the flat state is the number of the first level and the second level
  • the logic judging unit compares the number of the first level and the second level, and judges that the lead wire connection or the lead wire is dropped according to the comparison result.
  • the counting may also be implemented by an independent hardware counter, and the counter separately counts the level state of the comparator output during the set second time interval, and sends the counting result to the microprocessor.
  • the microprocessor determines the lead wire connection or the lead wire to fall off according to the number of the first level and the second level.
  • the size of the first level and the second level may be directly compared, or the first level and the second level may be The ratio of the number of levels is compared with a threshold value, and it is judged that the lead wire connection or the lead wire is dropped according to the comparison result.
  • a +3.3V voltage source is applied to the signal loop through a 30 megaohm resistor, and a bias loop is driven through a reference lead wire (eg, a right leg lead wire), and the threshold is selected at 1.65.
  • V when the lead wire is disconnected, the IO port read state is 1, and when the lead wire is connected, the IO port read state is 0, 20 ms is a detection cycle, and the IO port state is read at intervals of 1 ms, and the IO port is within 20 ms. Status is counted:
  • the waveform of the lead wire output to the comparator and the 1.65V threshold relationship diagram show that the count value of 0 is more than one count value, and it is judged. Lead wire connection.
  • the comparator waveform and the 1.65V threshold relationship diagram show that the count value of 1 is more than the count value of 0, and the lead wire is judged to fall off.
  • the output level of the comparator 14 can also be set such that the comparator outputs "0" when the lead signal is greater than or equal to the set threshold. (ie low level), and the comparator outputs "1" when the lead signal is less than the set threshold (ie high level).
  • the threshold (the reference level of the comparator in this embodiment) can be set according to the output voltage of the voltage source and the judgment tendency.
  • the lead line 11, the bias circuit 12 and the comparator 14 may have one or more. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the lead line 11, the bias circuit 12 and the comparator 14 each have three and one-to-one correspondence. In other embodiments, the comparator 14 may not be in one-to-one correspondence with the lead wire 11 and the bias circuit 12, for example, two or more lead wires share one comparator.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the bioelectric signal detecting circuit includes a lead wire 21, a bias circuit 22 and a lead detecting circuit 20, and the lead detecting circuit includes a reference level generator 23, a comparator 24, a microprocessor 25, and a multiplexer 27, which are also biased.
  • the circuit 22 forms a loop through the lead wire 21 and the reference lead wire 26, and the signal output end of each lead wire 21 is connected to one of the plurality of input terminals of the multiplexer 27, and the output terminal of the multiplexer 27 is connected.
  • the multiplexer 27 polls the signal output of each lead line, and the other input of the comparator 24 is connected to the reference level generator 23 for access to the reference
  • the output of comparator 24 is coupled to the IO port of microprocessor 25.
  • each lead signal before the comparator is sent can be switched by the multiplexer 27, so that each lead signal is switched by sharing the comparator, thereby saving the number of comparators.
  • the number of comparators can be determined according to the number of lead wires and the number of switching paths of the multiplexer. For example, there are 6 lead wires and 3 switches 1 for multiplex switches, which requires two comparators.
  • the lead detection circuit disclosed in the present application can be used for detecting lead loss in a medical device, for example, for detecting ECG lead and detecting brain electrical lead, and the medical device can be a monitor, an electrocardiograph or an EEG machine. .
  • the medical device can also process the collected lead signals, such as amplification, and the control logic module can also be used to map the collected lead signals into a map or the like.

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Abstract

一种生物电信号检测电路、导联检测电路（10）和医疗设备。导联检测电路（10）包括基准电平发生器（13），比较器（14）以及控制逻辑模块。该比较器（14）的输入端分别耦合到基准电平发生器（13）的输出端和导联线的信号输出端，用于分别输入基准电平和导联信号，并将导联信号和基准电平进行比较，根据比较结果变换输出端的输出电平。该控制逻辑模块的输入端耦合到比较器输出端，该控制逻辑模块根据采集的比较器输出端的电平状态判断导联连接或脱落的状态。采用比较器和控制逻辑模块来实现导联脱落的检测，电路结构简单，成本低并易于芯片集成。

Description

一种生物电信号检测电路和导联线检测电路及医疗设备 技术领域
本发明涉及一种导联线检测电路以及包含该导联线检测电路的医疗设备。
背景技术
人体的某些组织（例如心脏和脑）的生理活动可通过生物电波体现，采用导联线连接到胸部/脑部可检测到心电/脑电，将检测到的心电/脑电绘制成心电图/脑电图可辅助医生对组织病变的判断。在导联线检测过程中可能发生导联线接触不良或脱落（统称为脱落），导致检测失败。现有导联线脱落检测技术通常使用恒流源对导联线进行偏置，或者将电压源通过兆欧姆量级的电阻形成偏置电路对导联线进行偏置，偏置电流通过参考导联线形成回路。以心电检测为例，当导联线和人体正常连接时，人体阻抗远远小于偏置电路的输出阻抗，偏置电路在人体阻抗上产生的电压降很小，心电前端信号幅度接近0V，不影响正常的心电测量，当导联线脱落后阻抗无穷大，信号导联线被偏置电路驱动到某个固定电平，从而使导联线在脱落或连接时在心电输入通道上产生明显的电平幅度变化。由于系统内通常会设计有模数转换器，因此业界历来的手段是采用模数转换器对心电输入通道的电平进行周期采样，并选择一个介于导联线连接电平和脱落电平之间的合适的电压阈值，将电压阈值与采集的电平幅度进行比较，从而判断导联线的连接状态。这种方案增加了模数转换器的负担，要求模数转换器的采样速度较高，增加了系统的设计难度和成本。
发明内容
本发明提供一种导联线检测电路、一种生物电信号检测电路以及包含该导联线检测电路的医疗设备，以另一种方案来检测导联线的连接状态。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供一种导联线检测电路,包括：
至少一个导联线，该导联线包括用于接触人体的接触端和信号输出端；
与每个导联线对应的偏置电路，该偏置电路与导联线的信号输出端连接；
用于输出基准电平的基准电平发生器；
比较器，该比较器的输入端分别耦合到基准电平发生器的输出端和导联线的信号输出端，用于分别输入基准电平和导联信号，并将导联信号和基准电平进行比较，根据比较结果变换输出端的输出电平；
控制逻辑模块，该控制逻辑模块的输入端耦合到比较器输出端，该控制逻辑模块根据采集的比较器输出端的电平状态判断导联线连接或脱落的状态。
根据本发明的第二方面，提供一种生物电信号检测电路,包括：
至少一个导联线，该导联线包括用于接触人体的接触端和信号输出端；
与每个导联线对应的偏置电路，该偏置电路与导联线的信号输出端连接；
用于输出基准电平的基准电平发生器；
比较器，该比较器的输入端分别耦合到基准电平发生器的输出端和导联线的信号输出端，用于分别输入基准电平和导联信号，并将导联信号和基准电平进行比较，根据比较结果变换输出端的输出电平；
控制逻辑模块，该控制逻辑模块的输入端耦合到比较器输出端，该控制逻辑模块至少根据采集的比较器输出端的电平状态判断导联线连接或脱落的状态。
根据本发明的第三方面，提供一种医疗设备,包括上述导联线检测电路。
本发明实施例中采用比较器和控制逻辑模块来实现导联线脱落的检测，电路结构简单，成本低并易于芯片集成。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种实施例的电路图；
图2为导联线连接且环境工频干扰较大时比较器输入的导联信号的实例性示意图；
图3为导联线脱落且环境工频干扰较大时比较器输入的导联信号的实例性示意图；
图4为本发明另一种实施例的电路图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
在本发明实施例中，将导联线的输出信号通过比较器和一个预先设定的阈值进行比较，当导联线脱落的时候，比较器的输入电压为偏置电路的输出偏置电压，比较器输出为一个状态，当导联线连接的时候，比较器的输入电压为人体组织产生的生物电信号，幅度接近0V，此时比较器输出为另外一个状态，根据比较器输出的电平状态可判断导联线是连接还是脱落。
下面以心电检测为例说明导联线脱落的检测。
实施例一：
请参考图1，生物电信号检测电路，包括正常测试用的导联线11、偏置电路12和导联线检测电路10，导联线检测电路10包括基准电平发生器13、比较器14和控制逻辑模块，控制逻辑模块用于实现逻辑判断功能，其可以用Logic Gates（逻辑门）、MCU（微控制器）、FPGA(现场可编程门阵列)等器件实现。本实施例中以控制逻辑模块包括微处理器15为例进行说明。
导联线11包括用于接触人体的接触端111和信号输出端112，进行人体组织信号采集时，将接触端111通过夹持或粘贴的方式接触人体，而通过导联线11采集的人体生物电信号通过信号输出端112输出。偏置电路12与导联线11一一对应，每个偏置电路12与各自对应的导联线11的信号输出端连接。偏置电路12可以通过恒流源实现，也可以通过电压源连接兆欧姆级电阻的方式实现，例如将兆欧姆级电阻连接在电压源和导联线的信号输出端112之间，当导联线脱落时为检测电路提供偏置电压。一个具体实施例中，如图1所示，偏置电路12包括偏置电阻125,3.3V电压源通过偏置电阻125提供偏置电压。电阻121、127和电容123将导联线11的输出信号（人体生物电信号）耦合到比较器14的输入端，同时将偏置电路12耦合到导联线11。
基准电平发生器13用于产生并输出基准电平，基准电平用于作为界定导联线脱落的阈值，可根据需要进行设定。比较器14的两个输入端分别耦合到基准电平发生器13的输出端和导联线的信号输出端112，比较器14的输出端耦合到微处理器15，比如比较器14的输出端与微处理器15的输入/输出接口（IO口）相连接。比较器14用于将导联线的信号输出端112输出的实时的导联信号和基准电平进行比较，根据比较结果变换输出端的输出电平，例如当导联信号大于或等于基准电平时，此时相当于比较器14输入的是偏置电压，比较器14输出第一电平；当导联信号小于基准电平时，此时相当于比较器14输入的是人体生物电压，比较器14输出第二电平。微处理器15根据采集的比较器输出端的电平状态来判断导联线连接或脱落。例如，微处理器以设定的第一时间间隔定期读取IO口的电平状态，更具体的，例如以1ms的间隔去识别IO口电平，当读取的IO口的电平状态为第一电平时判断为导联线脱落，在读取的IO口的电平状态为第二电平时判断为导联线连接。
当导联线连接良好时，导联线11接入人体阻抗，偏置电路12通过导联线11、人体、同样与人体接触的参考导联线16形成回路，由于人体阻抗远远小于偏置电路的输出阻抗，偏置电路12在人体阻抗上产生的电压降很小，幅度很小，接近0V，因此导联线的信号输出端的电压基本为人体生物电压， 从该点采集心电信号不影响正常的心电测量。当导联线脱落时，导联线接入的阻抗为无穷大，偏置电路12在导联线的信号输出端形成分压，具有一定的电平，远高于正常的心电幅度。因此通过检测导联线的信号输出端的电压幅度可识别出导联线连接或脱落。本实施例中，通过比较器进行判断，比较器14将实时的导联信号和设定的阈值（即基准电平）进行比较，当导联信号大于或等于设定的阈值时，比较器输出一种状态，为“1”（即高电平），）；当导联信号小于设定的阈值时，比较器输出另一种状态，为“0”（即低电平），微处理器通过识别比较器输出的是“1”还是“0”即可判断出导联线是脱落还是连接，不需要再将实时的导联信号通过模数转换后和阈值进行比较。可见本实施例不需要专设的模数转换器或和其它功能共用的模数转换器，从而减少了系统的硬件复杂程度或降低了对其它功能使用的模数转换器的要求。本实施例需要的是比较器，而比较器是一种价格低廉、易于芯片集成的器件。
当外界工频干扰很大或者导联线接触不良时，导联线上会出现50hz或者60hz的工频电压干扰，导联线脱落时，工频电压叠加在导联信号上，从而使得比较器的输入信号为一个直流电压上叠加的交流分量，微处理器周期性识别IO口状态，对第一电平状态和第二电平状态分别计数，分别统计一个计数周期内第一电平和第二电平的数量，通过设定合理的阈值判断导联状态。可通过多种方式实现对第一电平和第二电平的计数和判断。
在一种具体实例中，计数通过微处理器芯片内部的程序实现，例如微处理器在设定的第二时间间隔内记录从IO口读取的电平状态为第一电平和第二电平的数量，当记录的第一电平的数量小于第二电平的数量时判断为导联线连接，当记录的第一电平的数量大于或等于第二电平的数量时判断为导联线脱落。
在另一种具体实例中，计数可通过微处理器芯片内部的计数器实现，例如微处理器包括计数器和逻辑判断单元，该计数器在设定的第二时间间隔内记录从IO口读取的电平状态为第一电平和第二电平的数量，逻辑判断单元将第一电平和第二电平的数量进行比较，并根据比较结果判断为导联线连接或导联线脱落。
在其它的具体实例中，计数还可通过独立的硬件计数器实现，计数器在设定的第二时间间隔内对比较器输出端的电平状态进行分别计数，并将计数结果发送给微处理器，由微处理器根据第一电平和第二电平的数量判断导联线连接或导联线脱落。
在根据第一电平和第二电平的数量判断导联线连接或导联线脱落时，可以是直接比较第一电平和第二电平数量的大小，也可以是将第一电平和第二电平的数量的比值和一个阈值进行比较，根据比较结果判断为导联线连接或导联线脱落。
如图1所示的实施例中，+3.3V电压源通过30兆欧姆电阻加到信号回路上，通过参考导联线（例如右腿导联线）驱动形成偏置回路，将阈值选择在1.65V，导联线脱落时IO口读取状态为1，导联线连接时IO口读取状态为0，20ms为一个检测周期，以1ms的间隔读取IO口状态，对20ms内的IO口状态进行计数：
1. 当外界工频干扰较小且心电电极接触良好时，导联线脱落时20ms内计数20个状态1，导联线连接时计数20个状态0。
2. 当导联线连接，且外界工频干扰较大时，如图2所示的导联线输出到比较器的波形和1.65V阈值关系图可知，0的计数值多于1的计数值，判断导联线连接。
3．当导联线脱落，且外界工频干扰较大时，如图3所示的送比较器波形和1.65V阈值关系图可知，1的计数值多于0的计数值，判断导联线脱落。
在实际应用时，通过调整状态0和状态1的计数阈值，可以分辨导联线正常连接无干扰、导联线正常连接干扰大、导联线脱落无干扰、导联线脱落干扰大等状态。
根据本申请公开的内容，本领域技术人员应当理解，比较器14的输出电平也可以设定为：导联信号大于或等于设定的阈值时比较器输出“0” （即低电平），而导联信号小于设定的阈值时，比较器输出“1” （即高电平）。而阈值（本实施例中为比较器的基准电平）可根据电压源的输出电压和判断倾向进行设定。
导联线11、偏置电路12和比较器14可以有一个或多个，图1示出的实施例中，导联线11、偏置电路12和比较器14各有三个且一一对应，在其他的实施例中，比较器14也可以不与导联线11和偏置电路12一一对应，例如两个以上的导联线共用一个比较器。
实施例二：
如图4所示，本实施例与实施例一的区别在于比较器的共用。生物电信号检测电路包括导联线21、偏置电路22和导联检测电路20，导联检测电路包括基准电平发生器23、比较器24、微处理器25和多路开关27，同样偏置电路22通过导联线21、参考导联线26形成回路，每个导联线21的信号输出端连接到多路开关27的多个输入端子中的一个，多路开关27的输出端连接到比较器24的两个输入端中的一个，多路开关27对各导联线的信号输出端进行轮询，比较器24的另一个输入端连接基准电平发生器23，接入基准电平，比较器24的输出端连接到微处理器25的IO口。
本实施例中，送比较器前各个导联信号可以通过多路开关27进行切换，使得各个导联信号通过切换共用比较器，从而节省比较器数量。
比较器的数量可根据导联线的数量和多路开关的切换路数进行确定，例如导联线有6个，多路开关为3选1，则需要用两个比较器。
本申请中公开的导联检测电路可用于医疗设备中对导联脱落进行检测，例如可用于心电导联的检测和脑电导联的检测，医疗设备可以是监护仪、心电图机或脑电图机。医疗设备还可以对采集的导联信号进行处理，例如放大，控制逻辑模块还可以用于将采集的导联信号绘制成图等。
以上内容是结合具体的实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种生物电信号检测电路,其特征在于包括：
    至少一个导联线（11,21），所述导联线（11,21）包括用于接触人体的接触端（111）和信号输出端（112）；
    与每个导联线（11,21）对应的偏置电路（12,22），所述偏置电路（12,22）与导联线（11,21）的信号输出端（112）连接；
    用于输出基准电平的基准电平发生器（13,23）；
    比较器（14,24），所述比较器（14,24）的输入端分别耦合到基准电平发生器（13,23）的输出端和导联线（11,21）的信号输出端（112），用于分别输入基准电平和导联信号，并将导联信号和基准电平进行比较，根据比较结果变换输出端的输出电平；
    控制逻辑模块，所述控制逻辑模块的输入端耦合到比较器（14,24）的输出端，所述控制逻辑模块至少根据采集的比较器输出端的电平状态判断导联线连接或脱落的状态。
  2. 一种导联检测电路,其特征在于包括：
    用于输出基准电平的基准电平发生器（13,23）；
    比较器（14,24），所述比较器（14,24）的输入端分别耦合到基准电平发生器（13）的输出端和导联线（11,21）的信号输出端（112），用于分别输入基准电平和导联信号，并将导联信号和基准电平进行比较，根据比较结果变换输出端的输出电平；
    控制逻辑模块，所述控制逻辑模块的输入端耦合到比较器输出端，所述控制逻辑模块根据采集的比较器（13,23）的输出端的电平状态判断导联线连接或脱落的状态。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的导联检测电路，其特征在于，所述控制逻辑模块包括微处理器（15），所述微处理器（15）的IO口连接到比较器输出端，所述微处理器（15）以设定的第一时间间隔读取IO口的电平状态，并根据电平状态判断导联线（11）的连接或脱落的状态。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的导联检测电路，其特征在于，所述微处理器（15）在读取的IO口的电平状态为第一电平时判断为导联线（11,21）脱落，在读取的IO口的电平状态为第二电平时判断为导联线(11,21)连接；或所述微处理器（15）在设定的第二时间间隔内记录从IO口读取的电平状态为第一电平和第二电平的数量，当记录的第一电平的数量小于第二电平的数量时判断为导联线（11,21）连接，当记录的第一电平的数量大于或等于第二电平的数量时判断为导联线（11,21）脱落。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的导联检测电路，其特征在于，所述微处理器(15)包括计数器和逻辑判断单元，所述计数器在设定的第二时间间隔内记录从IO口读取的电平状态为第一电平和第二电平的数量，逻辑判断单元将第一电平和第二电平的数量进行比较，并根据比较结果判断为导联线(11,21)连接或导联线(11,21)脱落。
  6. 如权利要求2所述的导联检测电路，其特征在于，所述基准电平根据偏置电路的输出电压和判断倾向设定。
  7. 如权利要求2-6中任一项所述的导联检测电路，其特征在于，所述比较器(14,24)的数量与导联线(11,21)的数量相同并一一对应。
  8. 如权利要求2-6中任一项所述的导联检测电路，其特征在于，所述导联检测电路还包括多路开关(27)，所述多路开关(27)的输入端耦合到各导联线(11,21)的信号输出端，多路开关(27)的输出端耦合到比较器的一个输入端，所述多路开关(27)对各导联线(11,21)的信号输出端进行轮询。
  9. 一种医疗设备，其特征在于包括：
    至少一个导联线(11,21)，所述导联线(11,21)包括用于接触人体的接触端（111）和信号输出端（112）；
    与每个导联线(11,21)对应的偏置电路(12,22)，所述偏置电路(12,22)与导联线(11,21)的信号输出端（112）连接；
    如权利要求2-8中任一项所述的导联检测电路。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的医疗设备，其特征在于，所述医疗设备为监护仪、心电图机或脑电图机。
PCT/CN2013/074487 2012-04-25 2013-04-22 一种生物电信号检测电路和导联线检测电路及医疗设备 Ceased WO2013159681A1 (zh)

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