WO2013151406A1 - Procédé de formation de faisceau coordonnée dans un système d'accès sans fil, et appareil associé - Google Patents

Procédé de formation de faisceau coordonnée dans un système d'accès sans fil, et appareil associé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013151406A1
WO2013151406A1 PCT/KR2013/002922 KR2013002922W WO2013151406A1 WO 2013151406 A1 WO2013151406 A1 WO 2013151406A1 KR 2013002922 W KR2013002922 W KR 2013002922W WO 2013151406 A1 WO2013151406 A1 WO 2013151406A1
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Prior art keywords
base station
terminal
signal
cooperative
antenna
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PCT/KR2013/002922
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
채혁진
김학성
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엘지전자 주식회사
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Priority to US14/389,686 priority Critical patent/US9496929B2/en
Publication of WO2013151406A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013151406A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/022—Site diversity; Macro-diversity
    • H04B7/024—Co-operative use of antennas of several sites, e.g. in co-ordinated multipoint or co-operative multiple-input multiple-output [MIMO] systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B15/00—Suppression or limitation of noise or interference
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0032—Distributed allocation, i.e. involving a plurality of allocating devices, each making partial allocation
    • H04L5/0035—Resource allocation in a cooperative multipoint environment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H04L5/005—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver of common pilots, i.e. pilots destined for multiple users or terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0053—Allocation of signaling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0058—Allocation criteria
    • H04L5/0073—Allocation arrangements that take into account other cell interferences

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wireless access system, and more particularly, to a cooperative coordinated beamforming method and an apparatus supporting the neighboring base station in a wireless access system.
  • MIMO multiple input multiple output
  • CoMP cooperative multiple point transmission
  • relay relay
  • ZF is performed by the receiver using channel state information at the receiver (CSIR) and does not require additional channel information feedback. If the CSIT or CSIR is inaccurate, performance will suffer due to residual interference. Therefore, a robust technique is needed for accurate channel information acquisition and CSIT / CSIR accuracy.
  • CSIR channel state information at the receiver
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus therefor for smoothly performing coordinated beamforming between adjacent base stations in a wireless access system.
  • Another object of the present invention is to propose a method and apparatus for eliminating interference from an interfering cell without a channel estimation or channel information feedback from an adjacent interfering cell.
  • An aspect of the present invention provides a method for supporting coordinated beamforming between base stations in a wireless access system, wherein a terminal receives time unit information from which a cooperative beamforming is scheduled from a base station. Step, the terminal receives a downlink signal having a predetermined transmission pattern for each time unit for which cooperative beamforming is scheduled, the terminal receives a downlink signal using a reference signal transmitted from the base station Demodulating and removing the interference signal transmitted from the neighboring base station by using the same downlink signal received in different antenna modes among the received downlink signals, wherein the antenna mode of the terminal includes a cooperative beam
  • the forming may be switched in a predetermined pattern for each time unit scheduled.
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides a terminal for supporting coordinated beamforming between base stations in a wireless access system, comprising: a radio frequency (RF) unit and a processor for transmitting and receiving radio signals;
  • the processor receives time unit information for which cooperative bumpforming is scheduled from the base station, receives a downlink signal having a predetermined transmission pattern for each time unit for which cooperative beamforming is scheduled from the base station, and receives a reference transmitted from the base station.
  • the antenna mode of the net can be switched in a predetermined pattern for each time unit at which cooperative bump forming is scheduled.
  • the time unit for which cooperative beamforming is scheduled may be any one of a subframe, a slot, and an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol.
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • the transmission pattern of the downlink signal may be configured with different patterns between adjacent base stations.
  • the transmission pattern may be determined by the cell HKcell ID.
  • information on a transmission pattern may be received from a base station.
  • the reference signal may be a common reference signal or a demodulation reference signal.
  • the terminal may remove the interference from the interfering cell itself without channel estimation or channel information feedback from the interfering cell.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining physical channels used in a 3GPP LTE system and a general signal transmission method using the same.
  • FIG. 2 shows the structure of a radio frame in 3GPP LTE.
  • 3 is a diagram illustrating a resource grid for one downlink slot.
  • 5 shows a structure of an uplink subframe.
  • 6 and 7 are configuration diagrams of a wireless communication system having multiple antennas.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a MIM0 interference channel between two users.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a reconfigurable antenna of a terminal for supporting blind cooperative bumpforming according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a changed channel state due to an antenna switching pattern of a transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 11 to 13 illustrate reference signal mapping patterns according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 14 and 15 illustrate an example of an antenna mode switching pattern for each receiver and a transmission symbol for each transmitter when three cells support blind cooperative bumpforming.
  • FIG. 16 illustrates a block diagram of a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the base station has a meaning as a terminal node of the network that directly communicates with the terminal.
  • Certain operations described as being performed by the base station in this document may be performed by an upper node of the base station in some cases. That is, the terminal in the network consisting of a plurality of network nodes (network nodes) including a base station Obviously, various operations performed for communication with a base station may be performed by a base station or other network nodes other than the base station.
  • a 'base station (BS)' may be replaced by terms such as a fixed station, a Node B, an eNode B (eNB), and an access point (AP).
  • the repeater may be replaced by terms such as relay node (RN) and relay station (RS).
  • 1 terminal (Terminal) ' is UEC User Equipment (MS), Mobile Station (MS), Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS), Subscriber Station (SS), Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), Wireless terminal (WT), Machine-Type (MTC) It may be replaced with terms such as a communication device, a machine-to-machine device, and a device-to-device device.
  • Embodiments of the present invention may be supported by standard documents disclosed in at least one of IEEE 802 systems, 3GPP systems, 3GPP LTE and LTE-ACLTE—Advanced) systems, and 3GPP2 systems, which are wireless access systems. That is, steps or parts which are not described to clearly reveal the technical spirit of the present invention among the embodiments of the present invention may be supported by the above documents. In addition, all terms disclosed in this document can be described by the above standard document.
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • SC to FDMA single carrier frequency division multiple access
  • CDMA may be implemented with a radio technology (radio technology), such as UTRA Universal Terrestrial Radio Access) or 'CDMA2000.
  • TDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) / General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) / Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE).
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
  • GPRS General Packet Radio Service
  • EDGE Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution
  • 0FDMA may be implemented in a radio technology such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (Evolved UTRA), and the like.
  • UTRA is part of the UMTSCUniversal Mobile Telecom unicat ions System.
  • 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) long term evolution (LTE) uses E-UTRA As part of the Evolved UMTS (E-UMTS), 0FDMA is adopted in downlink and SC-FDMA is adopted in uplink.
  • LTE-A Advanced is the evolution of 3GPP LTE.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining physical channels used in a 3GPP LTE system and a general signal transmission method using the same.
  • the UE In the state in which the power is turned off, the UE is turned on again or enters a new cell and performs an initial cell search operation such as synchronizing with the base station in step S101.
  • the terminal receives a primary synchronization channel (P-SCH) and a floating channel (S—SCH: Secondary Synchronization Channel) from the base station, synchronizes with the base station, and obtains information such as a cell ID.
  • P-SCH primary synchronization channel
  • S—SCH Secondary Synchronization Channel
  • the terminal may receive a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) signal from the base station to obtain broadcast information in a cell.
  • PBCH physical broadcast channel
  • the UE may check the downlink channel state by receiving a downlink reference signal (DL RS) in the initial cell search step.
  • DL RS downlink reference signal
  • the UE may receive a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) according to physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and physical downlink control channel information in step S102. In this way, more specific system information can be obtained.
  • PDCH physical downlink control channel
  • the terminal may perform a random access procedure such as step S103 to step S106 thereafter to complete access to the base station.
  • the UE transmits a preamble through a physical random access channel (PRACH) (S103), and a preamble through a physical downlink control channel and a corresponding physical downlink shared channel.
  • PRACH physical random access channel
  • S104 the UE may perform additional layer resolution procedures such as transmitting additional physical random access channel signals (S105) and receiving physical downlink control channel signals and corresponding physical downlink shared channel signals (S106). Contention Resolution Procedure) can be performed.
  • the UE After performing the above-described procedure, the UE subsequently receives a physical downlink control channel signal and / or a physical downlink shared channel signal (S107) and a physical uplink shared channel as a general uplink / downlink signal transmission procedure.
  • a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) signal and / or a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) signal may be transmitted (S108).
  • UCI uplink control information
  • HARQ-ACK / NACK Hybrid Automatic Repeat and reQuest Acknowledgement / Negative-ACK
  • SR Scheduling Request
  • CQI Channel Quality Indication
  • PMI Precoding Matrix Indication
  • RI Rank Indication
  • UCI is generally transmitted periodically through a PUCCH, but may be transmitted through a PUSCH when control information and traffic data should be transmitted at the same time.
  • the UCI can be aperiodically transmitted through the PUSCH by request / instruction of the network.
  • FIG. 2 shows a structure of a radio frame in 3GPP LTE.
  • uplink / downlink data packet transmission is performed in units of subframes, and one subframe is defined as a predetermined time interval including a plurality of 0FDM symbols.
  • the 3GPP LTE standard supports a type 1 radio frame structure applicable to FDDCFrequency Division Duplex (FDDCFrequency Division Duplex) and a type 2 radio frame structure applicable to TDD (Time Division Duplex).
  • FIG. 2 (a) illustrates the structure of a type 1 radio frame.
  • the downlink radio frame consists of 10 subframes, and one subframe consists of two slots in the time domain.
  • the time taken for one subframe to be transmitted is called a TTK transmission time interval.
  • one subframe may have a length of 1 ms, and one slot may have a length of 0.5 ms.
  • One slot includes a plurality of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (0FDM) symbols in the time domain and a plurality of resource blocks (RBs) in the frequency domain. Since 3GPP LTE uses 0FDMA in downlink, the 0FDM symbol is used to represent one symbol period. to be.
  • the OFDM symbol may be referred to as one SC-FDMA symbol or symbol period.
  • a resource block (RB) as a resource allocation unit includes a plurality of consecutive subcarriers in one slot.
  • the number of OFDM symbols included in one slot may vary depending on the configuration of cyclic prefix (CP) ( ⁇ 11 ⁇ 011).
  • CPs have an extended CP and a normal CP.
  • the number of OFDM symbols included in one slot may be seven.
  • the OFDM symbol is configured by the extended cyclic prefix, the length of one OFDM symbol is increased, so the number of OFDM symbols included in one slot is smaller than that of the normal cyclic prefix.
  • the extended cyclic prefix for example, the number of OFDM symbols included in one slot may be six.
  • the extended cyclic prefix may be used to further reduce the interference between symbols.
  • one slot includes 7 OFDM symbols, so one subframe includes 14 OFDM symbols.
  • the first up to three OFDM symbols of each subframe may be allocated to a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), and the remaining OFDM symbols may be allocated to a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH).
  • PDCCH physical downlink control channel
  • PDSCH physical downlink shared channel
  • Type 2 radio frames consist of two half frames, each of which has five subframes, downlink pilot time slot (DwPTS), guard period (GP), and uplink pilot time slot (UpPTS).
  • DwPTS downlink pilot time slot
  • GP guard period
  • UpPTS uplink pilot time slot
  • One subframe consists of two slots.
  • the DwPTS is used for initial cell search, synchronization or channel estimation at the terminal.
  • UpPTS is used for channel estimation at the base station and synchronization of uplink transmission of the terminal.
  • the guard period is a period for removing interference generated in the uplink due to the multipath delay of the downlink signal between the uplink and the downlink.
  • the structure of the radio frame described above is just one example, and the number of subframes included in the radio frame, the number of slots included in the subframe, and the number of symbols included in the slot may vary.
  • 3 is a diagram illustrating a resource grid for one downlink slot.
  • one downlink slot includes a plurality of OFDM symbols in the time domain.
  • one downlink slot includes seven OFDM symbols, and one resource block includes an example of 12 subcarriers in a frequency domain, but is not limited thereto.
  • Each element (RE) is a resource element (RE) on a resource grid, and one resource block includes 12 ⁇ 7 resource elements.
  • the number N DL of resource blocks included in the downlink pilot depends on the downlink transmission bandwidth.
  • the structure of the uplink slot may be the same as the structure of the downlink slot.
  • PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel
  • Examples of downlink control channels used in 3GPP LTE include a physical control format indicator channel (PCFICH), a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), and a physical hybrid-ARQ indicator channel (PHICH).
  • PCFICH physical control format indicator channel
  • PDCCH physical downlink control channel
  • PHICH physical hybrid-ARQ indicator channel
  • the PCFICH is transmitted in the first OFDM symbol of a subframe and carries information about the number of OFDM symbols (ie, the size of the control region) used for transmission of control channels in the subframe.
  • PHICH is a male answer channel for uplink and a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ)
  • the downlink control information includes uplink resource allocation information, downlink resource allocation information or an uplink transmission (Tx) power control command for a certain terminal group.
  • the PDCCH is a resource allocation and transmission format of a downlink shared channel (DL-SCH) (also referred to as a downlink grant) and resource allocation information of an uplink shared channel (UL-SCH) (also referred to as an uplink grant). ), Paging information in the paging channel (PCH), system information in the DL-SCH, random access transmitted in the PDSCH Resource allocation for upper-layer control messages, such as random access response, a set of transmit power control commands for individual terminals in any terminal group, activation of Voice over IP (VoIP), etc. Can carry The plurality of PDCCHs may be transmitted in a control region, and the terminal may monitor the plurality of PDCCHs.
  • DL-SCH downlink shared channel
  • UL-SCH uplink shared channel
  • the PDCCH consists of a collection of one or a plurality of consecutive control channel elements (CCEs).
  • CCE is a logical allocation unit used to provide a PDCCH with a coding rate according to the state of a radio channel.
  • the CCE corresponds to a plurality of resource element groups.
  • the format of the PDCCH and the number of available bits of the PDCCH are determined according to the association between the number of CCEs and the coding rate provided by the CCEs.
  • the base station determines the PDCCH format according to the DCI to be transmitted to the terminal and attaches a CRCCCyclic Redundancy Check) to the control information.
  • the CRC is masked with a unique identifier (referred to as RNTI (Radio Network Temporary Identifier)) according to the owner or purpose of the PDCCH. If it is a PDCCH for a specific UE, it may be masked to a unique identifier of the UE, for example, C—RNTKCell-RNTI l ”CRC.
  • a paging indication identifier for example, P-RNTI (RNTI) may be masked on the CRC
  • P-RNTI P-RNTI
  • SIB system information block
  • SI—system information RNTI SI—system information RNTI
  • a RA-RNTI random access-RITI
  • 5 shows a structure of an uplink subframe.
  • an uplink subframe may be divided into a control region and a data region in the frequency domain.
  • a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) carrying uplink control information is allocated to the control region.
  • the data area is allocated the PUSClKPhysical Uplink Shared Channel, which carries user data.
  • PUCCH Physical Uplink Control Channel
  • the PUCCH for one UE is allocated an RB pair in a subframe. RBs belonging to the RB pair occupy different subcarriers in each of the two slots. This RB pair allocated to the PUCCH is said to be frequency hopping at the slot boundary (slot boundary).
  • 6 and 7 are configuration diagrams of a wireless communication system having multiple antennas.
  • the theoretical channel transmission capacity is proportional to the number of antennas, unlike when the transmitter or the receiver uses multiple antennas. This increases. Thus, the transmission rate can be improved and the frequency efficiency can be significantly improved. As channel transmission capacity increases, the transmission rate is theoretically the maximum transmission rate with a single antenna. 0 ) may increase as the rate of increase () multiplied.
  • the research trends related to multi-antennas to date include information theory aspects related to calculation of multi-antenna communication capacity in various channel environments and multi-access environments, wireless channel measurement and model derivation of multi-antenna systems, and transmission reliability. Research is being actively conducted from various viewpoints, such as research on space-time signal processing technology for improvement and data rate improvement.
  • a communication method in a multiple antenna system is described in more detail using mathematical modeling. In the system, it is assumed that there are N ⁇ transmit antennas and N R receive antennas.
  • the transmission signal when there are ⁇ transmission antennas, the maximum information that can be transmitted is ⁇ .
  • the transmission information may be expressed as follows.
  • Each transmission information, 52 , ''' , ⁇ may have different transmission powers. If each transmission power is ⁇ ,, '" , ⁇ , the transmission information whose transmission power is adjusted can be expressed as follows.
  • S may be expressed as follows using the diagonal matrix P of the transmission power.
  • rv v means a weight between the / th transmit antenna and the / th information.
  • W is also called a precoding matrix. If there are N R receiving antennas, the received signals of the antennas: ⁇ ,; ⁇ , '" ,: ⁇ ⁇ are vectors and may be expressed as follows.
  • channels may be classified according to a transmit / receive antenna index.
  • a channel passing from the transmitting antenna j to the receiving antenna i will be denoted by. Note that in the order of the index, the receiving antenna index is first, and the index of the transmitting antenna is later.
  • FIG. 7 shows a channel from ⁇ transmit antennas to receive antenna i.
  • the channels may be bundled and displayed in the form of a vector and a matrix.
  • a channel arriving from a total of ⁇ transmit antennas to a receive antenna i may be represented as follows.
  • the received signal may be expressed as follows. [89] [Equation 10]
  • the number of rows and columns of the channel matrix H indicating the channel state is determined by the number of transmit and receive antennas.
  • the number of rows in the channel matrix H is equal to the number of receive antennas N R
  • the number of columns is equal to the number ⁇ of transmit antennas.
  • the channel matrix H is
  • the rank of a matrix is defined as the minimum number of rows or columns that are independent of each other. Thus, the tank of the matrix cannot be larger than the number of rows or columns.
  • the tank ra "(H) of the channel matrix H is limited as follows.
  • a tank can be defined as the number of nonzero eigenvalues when the matrix is subjected to Eigen value decomposition.
  • another definition of a tank can be defined as the number of nonzero singular values when singular value decomposition is performed. Therefore, the physical meaning of the tank in the channel matrix is the maximum number that can send different information in a given channel.
  • Multi-user-MIM0 refers to an operation in which a base station equipped with multiple antennas serves multiple users (terminals) at the same time.
  • the signal for one terminal may act as interference for the other terminal, and thus the overall system performance may be degraded. Therefore, in order for data transmission and reception according to the MU-MIM0 operation to be performed correctly, it is required to remove the interference between users.
  • the base station may perform signal processing according to an interference cancellation technique for a signal to be transmitted to multiple users.
  • the base station may encode an information block to be transmitted to each terminal into each independent codeword.
  • the encoded codewords may be transmitted according to the interference cancellation scheme.
  • the base station may transmit in a manner of eliminating interference in advance.
  • the terminal (U 2 ) receives the signal from the base station as if there is no interference
  • a separate interference cancellation operation may not be performed.
  • ZF-DPC Zero Forcing-Dirty Paper Coding
  • ZF Zero Forcing
  • LQ decomposition is performed on the synthesized channel H, it can be decomposed into a lower triangular matrix L and an orthogonal matrix Q as shown in Equation 12 below.
  • interference cancellation may be performed through pseudo-inverse about the synthesis channel H for multiple users as shown in Equation 14 below.
  • Equation 14 X H means a Hermit matrix for the matrix X, and X 1 means an inverse matrix for the matrix X.
  • Each column of the matrix F of Equation 14 becomes a beamforming vector for each terminal. That is, wf; Becomes In this case, the effective channel for each terminal may be represented by Equation 15 below.
  • the channel in each UE is in the form of an identity matrix, and as a result, it is possible to receive a signal from which interference has been previously removed.
  • CoMP Coordinated Multi-Point
  • MIM0 collaborative MIMO
  • network MIMO network MIMO
  • CoMP is expected to improve the performance of the UE located at the cell boundary and to improve the efficiency of the average cell (sector).
  • inter-cell interference reduces performance and average cell (sector) efficiency of a terminal located at a cell boundary in a multi-cell environment having a frequency reuse index of 1.
  • UEs located at the cell boundary in an interference-limited environment may not be able to achieve proper performance efficiency.
  • FFR fractional frequency reuse
  • a simple passive method such as fractional frequency reuse (FFR) has been applied.
  • FFR fractional frequency reuse
  • a method of reusing inter-cell interference or mitigating inter-cell interference as a signal that the terminal should receive is more advantageous.
  • CoMP transmission scheme may be applied to achieve the above object.
  • CoMP schemes applicable to the downlink may be classified into a joint processing (JP) scheme and a coordinated scheduling / beamforming (CS / CB) scheme.
  • JP joint processing
  • CS / CB coordinated scheduling / beamforming
  • data may be used at each point (base station) in CoMP units.
  • CoMP unit means a set of base stations used in the CoMP method.
  • the JP method can be further classified into a joint transmission method and a dynamic cell selection method.
  • a joint transmission scheme refers to a scheme in which a signal is simultaneously transmitted through a PDSCH from a plurality of points, which are all or part of a CoMP unit. That is, data transmitted to a single terminal may be simultaneously transmitted from a plurality of transmission points.
  • a cooperative transmission scheme it is possible to improve the quality of a signal transmitted to a terminal regardless of whether coherently or non-coherent ly, and actively remove interference with another terminal. have.
  • Dynamic cell selection refers to a method in which a signal is transmitted through a PDSCH from a single point in a CoMP unit. That is, data transmitted to a single terminal at a specific time is transmitted from a single point, and data is not transmitted to the terminal at another point in the CoMP unit.
  • the point for transmitting data to the terminal may be dynamically selected.
  • the CoMP unit performs the bump forming by cooperating for data transmission to a single terminal. That is, although only the serving cell transmits data to the terminal, user scheduling / bumping may be determined through cooperation between a plurality of cells in a CoMP unit.
  • CoMP reception means receiving a signal transmitted by cooperation between a plurality of geographically separated points.
  • CoMP schemes applicable to uplink may be classified into a JR Joint Reception (CSJ) scheme and a Coordinated Scheduling / Beamforming (CS / CB) scheme.
  • the JR scheme refers to a scheme in which a plurality of points, which are all or part of CoMP units, receive a signal transmitted through a PDSCH.
  • the CS / CB scheme receives a signal transmitted through the PDSCH only at a single point, but user scheduling / bumping may be determined through cooperation between a plurality of cells in a CoMP unit.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a MIM0 interference channel between two users.
  • each transmitter transmits data only to a receiver (desired RX, for example, a terminal), which should receive each other, but each RX does not interfere with another TX. I can receive it.
  • TX 1 transmits data only to RX 1 and TX 2 transmits data only to RX 2, but when TX 1 and TX 2 transmit data using the same time / frequency resource, RX 1 transmits TX. Interference from 2 and X 2 may interfere with TX 1.
  • the present invention proposes a new method of interference control that can be applied in the above two situations. That is, in the present invention, the multiplexing gain of a link that should be received using reception antenna switching is obtained.
  • the RX eg, terminal
  • the RX has a reconfigurable antenna.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a reconfigurable antenna of a terminal for supporting blind cooperative bumpforming according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • each RF chain can be switched to a desired point in time to the desired antenna (eg, primary antenna or secondary antenna).
  • a desired antenna eg, primary antenna or secondary antenna.
  • Such an antenna is referred to as a reconfigurable antenna.
  • Such a resettable antenna may be implemented in a manner in which the number of physical RF chains and the number of physical antennas are different as shown in FIG. 9, but the antenna itself forms a beam with an electrical signal (for example, polarization of the antenna itself is reduced. It can be implemented in a way that can be changed or the pattern of the antenna can be changed).
  • the number of RF chains and the number of antennas may be the same.
  • a reconfigurable antenna can be implemented by changing beam patterns in M physical antennas and M RF chains. In this case, however, it can be applied only when the stream of tank M or less is transmitted by TX. Thus, for example, if the TX has 4 antennas and the RX has 2 antennas and 2 RF chains, the present invention can be applied when the TX transmits only streams of tank 2 or less.
  • the resettable antenna may be implemented to have a high speed switching function through MEMSC micro electromechanical switches (NAS), nano electromechanical switches (NEMS), and the like.
  • the resettable antenna has a signal scattering around the terminal, each resettable antenna may have M modes according to the performance of the resettable antenna.
  • the mode refers to a case in which the channel characteristic is greatly changed according to the resettable property. Therefore, the RX may change the channel state by a specific time unit by using a resettable antenna, and thus may receive a beam pattern that the RX wants to receive at a specific time. All.
  • the number of significant modes may vary depending on the terminal.
  • each RF chain can be connected to two different antennas. It can be called a resettable antenna with a mode.
  • This resettable antenna can be used to change the channel state.
  • the present invention it is assumed that the state of the channel changes only by mode switching of the resettable antenna. Therefore, the present invention can be applied to terminals whose channels are static.
  • each RX does not perform mode switching on its own, but switches antennas in a predetermined pattern for each RX, and TX transmits a transmission symbol according to the switching pattern of RX.
  • RX 1 and RX 2 are switched as shown in Table 1 below. It can have a pattern.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a changing channel state due to an antenna switching pattern of a transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the RX 1 has the same channel state since the switching mode is equal to 1 in the first and second unit times (for example, symbols), but the switching mode is 2 in the third unit time.
  • the channel status changes as well.
  • the switching mode is changed to 1 in the first unit time, but the switching mode is changed to 2 in the second unit time, and the switching mode is changed back to 1 in the second unit time. It changes back to the same channel state as the first unit time.
  • the TX may transmit a transmission symbol as shown in Table 2 below.
  • a ' represents a 4x1 transmission symbol vector of the i-th TX. That is, each TX transmits four streams to each RX (ie tank 4). Transmission symbol pattern for each TX shown in Table 2 is only one example and may have a different symbol pattern.
  • Equation 16 The received signal during the 3 unit time (ie, symbol) of RX 1 is expressed by Equation 16 below.
  • RX 1 is equal to the received signal ⁇ ⁇ 1 of the first unit time.
  • subtracting the two received signal ⁇ ⁇ (2) of the second unit of time from 2 ⁇ Can remove the interference signal.
  • RX 2 receives the third unit time in the received signal of the first unit time. Subtracting the signal can remove the interfering signal from TX1.
  • an effective received signal of the i-th user may be expressed by Equation 17 below.
  • Equation 17 illustrates a reception signal of RX 1 described above.
  • the received signal can be modeled equivalent to the 4X4 ⁇ 0 channel. That is, RX 1 can receive up to 4 streams because it received ⁇ ⁇ that went through different channels through antenna switching. Time averaged, each ⁇ can transmit 4 streams for 3 symbols, so the maximum multiplexing gain for each TX-RX pair is equal to 4/3. As such, in the process of eliminating interference in the RX, no channel estimation or channel information feedback from the interference TX is required.
  • F ' represents the Mxdi precoding matrix of the i th TX
  • ⁇ represents the diXl transmission symbol vector of the i th TX.
  • F ' may be a simple random unitary matrix because there is no information on the MIM0 channel (especially, subband PMI) in TX, or a matrix using a spatial correlation matrix of the channel. Can be.
  • the black may be a precoder using a PMI when a long term (or wideband) PMI or a subband PMI is fed back.
  • n RF chains and n antennas must be reconfigurable.
  • the number of reconf igiirable modes is indicated by m and must be at least 2. In the proposed scheme, m is equal to 2.
  • the received signal of the i-th user is equivalent to the MX2N MIM0 channel, and the size of the transmitted Si should be less than min (M ⁇ 2N).
  • [148]-precoding may be applied.
  • antenna switching should take place in consideration of the reference signal (RS) period for channel estimation.
  • RS reference signal
  • reference signals for four antenna ports may be transmitted in one subframe
  • DMRS Demodulation Reference Signal
  • the maximum number of transmitted symbols is equal to (number of received RF chains x number of reconfigurable modes of each antenna). For example, when a terminal has two RF chains and has two resettable modes for two antennas, all CRSs for four antenna ports may be used. As another example, when the terminal has one RF chain and two reconfigurable modes of the antenna, the CRS for the two antenna ports may be used. In some cases, the four antenna ports CRS may be used.
  • the following two methods will be described according to the reference signal mapping method.
  • reference signals may be mapped in units of slots or subframes. This will be described with reference to FIG. 11.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a reference signal mapping pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a base station has four transmit antennas and a terminal has two receive antennas.
  • the base station If the base station has four transmit antennas and the terminal has two receive antennas, the base station transmits with rank 4 and the terminal receives and demodulates data while switching the two receive antennas twice. At this time, Since all nulls need to be estimated, receiving antenna switching may occur in a slot unit black or subframe unit as shown in FIG. 11.
  • the above-described method may require three unit times (that is, three slots) so that one radio frame is not divided into three.
  • the same phenomenon also occurs when switching in units of subframes. Therefore, the area not divided by 3 can be used for other purposes or transmitted by the existing MIM0 technique.
  • the slot unit black is to avoid the odd number of subframes (or slots), which is a disadvantage that occurs when mapping the reference signal in the unit of the subframe unit, not in the unit of subframes (or slots), but in units of OFDM symbols Reference signals may be mapped. This will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13 below.
  • FIG. 12 and 13 illustrate reference signal mapping patterns according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates a symbol transmitted in TX 1
  • FIG. 13 illustrates a symbol transmitted in TX 2.
  • the base station has four transmit antennas and the terminal has two receive antennas.
  • blind coordinated BF is formed in units of two subframes. Suggest to apply.
  • the unit of the OFDM symbol is as uniform as possible. Divide into three. That is, first, the number of available resource elements (RE) excluding the reference signal and the PDCCH within one resource block (RB) pair in the frequency direction, and equally divided into three equal OFDM symbols. In the example of FIG. 12, assuming 3 symbol PDCCH and no DMRS or CSI-RS, 115 resource elements may be used per pair of physical resource blocks. When the two subframes are combined and the blind technique proposed above is used, the resource element must be divided into three parts.
  • the receiver since the receiver performs antenna mode switching in units of 0FOM symbols, the number of resource elements is equally divided into three equal parts in OFDM symbol units. Therefore, when a total of 230 resource elements are divided into 0FDM deep fire units, it is assumed that antenna mode switching of the receiver occurs at the boundary indicated by a dotted line in FIG. 12. Each of the three areas has 71, 74, and 61 resource elements. Branch It becomes. In this case, codewords mapped to one region should be mapped based on the number of smallest resource elements of three regions. Therefore, a codeword that maps to one region
  • RX estimates the switched channel using the reference signal existing in each region and uses the estimated channel for decoding. As described above, the method of mapping the reference signal in units of OFDM symbols is different from the method of mapping the reference signals in units of slots or subframes, so that two subframes can be considered as one blind codeword. There is no case in which subframes or slots remain.
  • PDCCH (EPDCCH) may be omitted in the second physical resource block pair. Therefore, since the control channel is transmitted only once in two subframes, the number of available resource elements can be increased by transmitting PDCCH / EPDCCH once every two subframes. In this case, a PDCCH not transmitted in the second subframe follows the information of the PDCCH transmitted in the first subframe (for example, resource allocation, MCS, etc.). .
  • DMRS can be configured up to 8 antenna ports. Therefore, although the actual number of antenna ports is 4 in one physical resource block pair, blind coordinated BF can be applied by configuring 8 DMRS antenna ports. For example, use D ⁇ S antenna ports 7,8, 9, 10 for channel estimation of X resettable antenna mode 1, and antenna ports 11, 12, 13, 14 for channel estimation of RX resettable antenna mode 2 Can be used for purposes. If 8 antenna ports are set and there are actually 4 antenna ports, the precoder used for DMRS antenna ports 7, 8, 9, and 10 is the same as the recorder used for DMRS antenna ports 11, 12, 13, and 14. Should be the same. In addition, 7,8,9, 10 and 11, 12, 13, and 14 should be identical to the actual physical antenna mapped to the HIRS antenna port.
  • the switching boundary is similar to the method described in the method of mapping CRS in OFDM units (see FIGS. 12 and 13). Since the receiver performs antenna mode switching in units of OFDM symbols, the number of resource elements is equally divided into three equal parts in units of OFDM symbols. At this time, as described above, codewords mapped to one region should be mapped based on the smallest number of resource elements in three regions. Therefore, the remaining area except the smallest resource element may not be used or may be used for transmitting other information. The reason why the codewords are mapped based on the smallest resource element among the three areas is that the symbols transmitted to each area must be repeated and the interference can be accurately removed by a simple minus operation. In this case, scheduling can be performed in one subframe unit, so the scheduling is not significantly different from the conventional one.
  • blind coordinated BF may be applied in units of 2 subframes as in the case of CRS.
  • the codeword mapping method can be divided into three equal parts as much as possible in OFDM symbol units.
  • the terminal does not need to estimate a channel from an adjacent cell at all. Therefore, the base station does not have to share the reference signal information of the adjacent base station through the backhaul. Only the transmission symbol pattern should be shared between the base stations, and this pattern should be indicated to the terminal.
  • a base station should inform a specific terminal of a transmission symbol pattern.
  • the following two methods are proposed.
  • base stations participating in blind co-ordinated BF must use different code patterns (ie, transmission symbol patterns), which are cell identifiers ( ce). ll ID) to be determined implicitly Can be.
  • cell identifiers should be assigned so as not to use the same code pattern. For example, modulo 2 operation on a cell identifier to use code pattern 1 (XI, XI, null) if the remainder is 1 at a better value, and code pattern 2 (X2, You can use null, X2).
  • this method may have a disadvantage in that specific cell identifiers between base stations cannot apply blind cooperative beamforming to each other.
  • the terminal may also determine the antenna switching pattern through the code pattern.
  • a time unit for example, one subframe unit, two subframe units, or one slot unit, etc.
  • two base stations performing blind cooperative beamforming should coincide with each other in a subframe (or slot) unit in which blind cooperative bumpforming is scheduled.
  • the antenna port is virtually twice as large as the actual transmit antenna, it should be indicated to the terminal.
  • Such information may be indicated to the terminal as a physical layer signal or a higher layer signal.
  • the terminal may be instructed using a transmit power control (TPC) field of the PDCCH / EPDCCH or another idle field.
  • TPC transmit power control
  • this method has the advantage that blind cooperative bumpforming can be applied to any coordination base station.
  • the present invention is not limited only to the downlink system.
  • the base station has more antennas than the terminal and can change the beam pattern of the base station to give the effect of a reconfigurable antenna.
  • JR joint reception
  • the blind cooperative beamforming technique is used, UE ID sharing and channel estimation of the neighboring cell users are unnecessary. There is an advantage.
  • a user of each cell transmits a blind codeword, and the base station changes the pattern of the band according to the codeword to eliminate interference.
  • the present invention is not limited to two cells and more cells may support blind cooperative beamforming together. 3 cells below . A case of supporting cooperative bump forming will be described with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15.
  • 14 and 15 illustrate a case in which three cells support blind cooperative beamforming, a ⁇ antenna mode switching pattern for each receiver and a transmission symbol form for each transmitter.
  • the number in the switching pattern means the mode of the antenna.
  • each user's transmit symbol Xi is a transmit symbol vector of size ⁇ . If the number of data symbols in the transmission symbol vector is larger than the number of receiving antennas, the RX can decode the received signal repeatedly by antenna switching. At this time, interference may exist, and when the proposed symbol pattern is transmitted, the interference signal may be removed by a simple minus operation. At this time, as in the case of two cells, no channel estimation or channel information feedback from the interference TX is required.
  • Figure 16 illustrates a block diagram of a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a wireless communication system includes a base station 160 and a plurality of terminals 170 located in a base station 160 area.
  • the base station 160 includes a processor 161, a memory 162, and an RF unit 163.
  • Processor 161 implements the proposed function, process and / or method. Layers of the air interface protocol may be implemented by the processor 161.
  • the memory 162 is connected to the processor 161 and stores various information for driving the processor 161.
  • the RF unit 163 is connected to the processor 161 and transmits and / or receives a radio signal.
  • the terminal 170 includes a processor 171, a memory 172, and an RF unit 173.
  • Processor 171 implements the proposed functions, processes, and / or methods. Layers of the air interface protocol may be implemented by the processor 171.
  • the memory 172 is connected to the processor 171 and stores various information for driving the processor 171.
  • the RF unit 173 is connected to the processor 171 and transmits and / or receives a radio signal.
  • the memories 162 and 172 may be inside or outside the processors 161 and 171 and may be connected to the processors 161 and 171 by various well-known means.
  • the base station 160 and / or the terminal 170 may have a single antenna or multiple antennas.
  • the terminal 170 has a reconfigurable antenna described with reference to FIG. 9.
  • the embodiment according to the present invention may be implemented by various means, for example, hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof.
  • ASICs Cappl icat ion specific integrated circuits (DSPs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPLDs), processors, controllers, microcontrollers
  • DSPs digital signal processors
  • DSPDs digital signal processing devices
  • FPLDs field programmable gate arrays
  • processors controllers
  • microcontrollers microcontrollers
  • DSPs digital signal processors
  • DSPDs digital signal processing devices
  • FPLDs field programmable gate arrays
  • processors controllers
  • microcontrollers microcontrollers
  • it may be implemented by a microprocessor or the like.
  • an embodiment of the present invention may be implemented in the form of modules, procedures, functions, etc. that perform the functions or operations described above.
  • the software code may be stored in memory and driven by the processor.
  • the memory may be located inside or outside the processor, and may exchange data with the processor by various known means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé pour effectuer une formation de faisceau coordonnée dans un système d'accès sans fil, et sur un appareil pour le procédé. En particulier, le procédé pour effectuer une formation de faisceau coordonnée dans un système d'accès sans fil comprend : une étape dans laquelle un terminal reçoit, en provenance d'une station de base, des informations d'unité de temps pour une planification de formation de faisceau coordonnée; une étape dans laquelle le terminal reçoit, en provenance de la station de base, un signal de liaison descendante ayant un format d'émission prédéterminé sur une base d'unité de temps pour une planification de formation de faisceau coordonnée; une étape dans laquelle le terminal démodule le signal de liaison descendante à l'aide du signal de référence émis par la station de base; et une étape dans laquelle le terminal élimine un signal de brouillage émis par une station de base voisine à l'aide du même signal de liaison descendante, parmi les signaux de liaison descendante reçus, qui a été reçu dans des modes d'antenne différents. Le mode d'antenne du terminal peut être commuté selon un format prédéterminé sur une base d'unité de temps pour une planification de formation de faisceau coordonnée.
PCT/KR2013/002922 2012-04-06 2013-04-08 Procédé de formation de faisceau coordonnée dans un système d'accès sans fil, et appareil associé WO2013151406A1 (fr)

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