WO2013146821A1 - 中空糸膜モジュール - Google Patents
中空糸膜モジュール Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013146821A1 WO2013146821A1 PCT/JP2013/058868 JP2013058868W WO2013146821A1 WO 2013146821 A1 WO2013146821 A1 WO 2013146821A1 JP 2013058868 W JP2013058868 W JP 2013058868W WO 2013146821 A1 WO2013146821 A1 WO 2013146821A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hollow fiber
- fiber membrane
- membrane module
- cylindrical case
- wall surface
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
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- B01D2313/041—Gaskets or O-rings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
- B01D2313/10—Specific supply elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
- B01D2313/12—Specific discharge elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
- B01D2313/90—Additional auxiliary systems integrated with the module or apparatus
- B01D2313/903—Integrated control or detection device
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hollow fiber membrane module capable of steam sterilization used in pharmaceuticals, food purification, continuous fermentation processes, and the like.
- hollow fiber membranes used for liquid purification are known to have a larger filtration area per unit volume than other types of membranes such as flat membranes. It is widely used as a filtration means in various fields such as artificial kidneys, foods, and pharmaceutical separation and purification.
- the hollow fiber membrane is usually used as a hollow fiber membrane module which is housed in a container and focused and fixed.
- the stock solution is a solution of a pharmaceutical, food, continuous fermentation process, etc.
- valuable materials obtained by filtration and purification are required to have higher purity. Therefore, it is desired that the use in the state where there are no germs in the hollow fiber membrane module to be used is started.
- sterilization means such as warm water sterilization may be used, but sterilization is necessary if valuable materials are required to be of higher purity.
- ⁇ -ray sterilization treatment is usually used. Etc. have been done.
- steam sterilization is preferably used.
- Patent Document 1 is a known example of a cartridge-type hollow fiber membrane module intended to improve heat resistance.
- the hollow fiber membrane module disclosed in Patent Document 1 is designed to prevent damage caused by thermal expansion and contraction from outside the focusing member by intentionally preventing the focusing member particularly easily damaged by heat from adhering to the case. Is.
- the stock solution is a solution such as pharmaceuticals, foods, and continuous fermentation processes
- the stock solution contains more turbidity compared to normal water treatment applications.
- a hollow fiber membrane module of a type capable of cross-flow operation for filtration of a stock solution containing a large amount of turbidity if a member called a rectifying cylinder is provided in the hollow fiber membrane module, the hollow fiber membrane module It is possible to prevent film breakage that makes it difficult for drift in the module to occur (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
- a rectifying cylinder is provided in the hollow fiber membrane module disclosed in Patent Document 1, or in Patent Document 2, if a rectifying cylinder is provided so that the rectifying action of the rectifying cylinder is expressed, A narrow gap is formed between the inner wall surface of the container and the flow straightening cylinder. If a narrow gap, in particular, a narrow and deep bag passage is formed in the hollow fiber membrane module, air stays in the bag passage during steam sterilization, making it difficult for steam to reach the deepest part of the bag passage. Thereby, since it becomes difficult for steam to spread, the concern of poor steam sterilization increases, and thus a hollow fiber membrane module having such a structure is not preferable.
- the present invention solves the above-mentioned various problems, and can be suitably used for food and pharmaceutical separation, purification, and continuous fermentation processes, and has durability to repeated steam sterilization treatments and excellent steam sterilization properties. It aims at providing a hollow fiber membrane module.
- a hollow fiber membrane module has a cylindrical shape, a hollow case having a cylindrical case having a wall surface liquid passage port, and a plurality of hollow fiber membranes.
- the hollow fiber membrane module according to the present invention has a cylindrical case, a cylindrical case having a wall surface through-hole, a hollow fiber membrane bundle comprising at least a plurality of hollow fiber membranes, and holding the hollow fiber membrane bundle And a hollow fiber membrane cartridge having a cylindrical cartridge head for holding an outer periphery of the focusing member, and having a cylindrical shape and being held inside the cylindrical case, the cylindrical case and the hollow fiber
- a first baffle formed between the tubular case and the flow straightening tube is provided with an opening width L1. And the depth L2 satisfies L2 / L1 ⁇ 5.0.
- the hollow fiber membrane module according to the present invention further includes a seal member disposed between the cylindrical case and the rectifying cylinder in the above invention, and the seal member, the cylindrical case, and the rectifying cylinder. Is characterized by satisfying L2 / L1 ⁇ 5.0 with respect to the opening width L1 and the depth L2.
- the end surface on the side forming the depth of the converging member is positioned below a plane passing through the upper end of the wall surface liquid inlet.
- FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing one aspect of a hollow fiber membrane module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a top view and a side view showing one mode of a rectifying cylinder, which is a member constituting the hollow fiber membrane module according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the main part of the hollow fiber membrane module shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a hollow fiber membrane module according to Modification 1-1 of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the main part of the hollow fiber membrane module according to Modification 1-2 of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing one aspect of a hollow fiber membrane module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a top view and a side view showing one mode of a rectifying cylinder, which is a member constituting the hollow fiber membrane
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the main part of the hollow fiber membrane module according to Modification 1-3 of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the hollow fiber membrane module according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a hollow fiber membrane cartridge used in the hollow fiber membrane module according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a hollow fiber membrane module according to Modification 2-1 of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the installation location of the indicator fungus-containing yarn of the example of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a method for producing a hollow fiber membrane module according to an example of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing one aspect of the hollow fiber membrane module 1 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a top view (a) and a side view (b) showing one mode of a rectifying cylinder, which is one member constituting the hollow fiber membrane module 1 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the main part of the hollow fiber membrane module 1 shown in FIG.
- the hollow fiber membrane module 1 of the present invention includes a cylindrical case 10, a plurality of hollow fiber membranes (hollow fiber membrane bundle 20) and a rectifying cylinder 30 disposed inside the cylindrical case 10. It has.
- the cylindrical case 10 includes a liquid inlet 11a for flowing the stock solution in parallel to the membrane surface, a liquid inlet 11b for discharging the filtrate out of the hollow fiber membrane module system, and a side surface (wall surface) of the cylindrical case. And a cylindrical case wall surface liquid passage port 12 provided in the case.
- the hollow fiber membrane module 1 has a flow straightening cylinder 30 on the outer periphery of a bundle of hollow fiber membranes (hollow fiber membrane bundle 20), and a cylindrical case wall surface fluid inlet 12 of the cylindrical case 10 on the outer periphery of the flow straightening cylinder 30.
- the hollow fiber membrane module 1 is molded so as to be positioned, that is, the outer peripheral surface of the flow straightening cylinder 30 faces the cylindrical case wall surface liquid inlet 12. Further, the hollow fiber membrane bundle 20 includes a converging member comprising a closed end converging member 40a provided so that the end of the hollow fiber membrane bundle closes and an open end converging member 40b provided so that the end of the hollow fiber membrane bundle is open. 40 is focused and held in the cylindrical case 10.
- the bag path S ⁇ b> 1 (first bag path, see FIG. 3) surrounded by the converging member 40, the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical case 10 and the outer peripheral surface of the rectifying cylinder 30 is the cylindrical case 10 and the rectifying cylinder.
- the hollow fiber according to the present invention satisfies L2 / L1 ⁇ 5.0 for the opening width L1 and the depth L2 when the opening width between 30 is L1 [mm] and the depth of the bladder path S1 is L2 [mm].
- the stock solution is allowed to flow in parallel to the membrane surface (the stock solution is allowed to flow in the direction of the cylindrical central axis). Therefore, a supply port and a discharge port for the undiluted solution are required, and at least two or more liquid flow ports (fluid flow port 11a and cylindrical case wall surface liquid flow port 12) are necessary on the primary side. Moreover, since it is sufficient that the filtrate can be discharged on the secondary side, it is sufficient that there is at least one discharge port (fluid port 11b). Therefore, it is essential that the cylindrical case 10 has a total of three or more liquid passage ports.
- Cross-flow filtration is a method in which parallel flow is generated with respect to the membrane surface, and filtration is performed while controlling so that turbidity in the stock solution does not easily accumulate on the membrane surface.
- This is an operation method aimed at operating for a long time without closing the hollow fiber membrane as much as possible.
- the hollow fiber membrane module 1 according to the first embodiment is more preferably used in crossflow filtration, which is an operation method suitable for filtering a stock solution containing a large amount of clogging substances. It can also be used for total filtration, which is a filtration method that filters and does not discharge the concentrated liquid out of the hollow fiber membrane module.
- the primary side of the hollow fiber membrane module 1 refers to a portion through which the stock solution or concentrated liquid in the cylindrical case 10 is passed, and the secondary side is where the filtrate or cleaning solution of the hollow fiber membrane module is passed. Refers to the location to be done. Also, in an apparatus system in which the hollow fiber membrane module is connected and used, it is called a primary side including a space communicating with the primary side of the hollow fiber membrane module 1, and a secondary including a space communicating with the secondary side. Sometimes called the side. In the hollow fiber membrane module 1 and the entire apparatus system, the primary side and the secondary side need to be configured to be airtight and liquidtight.
- the cylindrical case 10 includes a main body portion 10a and a lid portion 10b fitted to the main body portion 10a. Since the cylindrical case 10 has a structure including the main body 10a and the lid 10b, the hollow fiber membrane bundle 20 can be easily filled at the time of manufacture, and maintenance before and after use can be easily performed. Moreover, it is requested
- As a means for sealing between the main body portion 10a and the lid portion 10b it is possible to exemplify arranging a seal member 41 or the like between them, but if the main body portion 10a and the lid portion 10b can be sealed, other methods can be used. It may be used and sealed.
- cylindrical case 10 is applicable even if the main body portion 10a and the lid portion 10b are integrally formed. Further, in FIG. 1, the diameter of one end of the main body portion 10a is reduced to form the liquid passage port 11a.
- the cylindrical case 10 may be formed by fitting the lid portions 10b to both ends of the main body portion 10a.
- the liquid passage port 11 can be provided on the end or wall surface of the cylindrical case 10 in the longitudinal direction. Although it is required that the cylindrical case 10 be provided with three or more liquid inlets, there are usually two liquid inlets (liquid inlets 11a and 11b) provided using both ends of the cylindrical case 10. .
- a means for providing a partition at one end of the cylindrical case 10 to divide it into two and to make three liquid passage openings is also conceivable, but the structure of the hollow fiber membrane module 1 becomes complicated and difficult to mold, or This means is not preferable because it is considered that there is a problem such as the undiluted solution not being distributed over the entire hollow fiber membrane module 1. Therefore, it is preferable to provide one or more liquid passage ports on the wall surface of the cylindrical case 10.
- the liquid passage opening provided on the wall surface of the cylindrical case 10 is referred to as a cylindrical case wall surface passage opening 12 (hereinafter, “wall surface passage opening 12”) for convenience.
- the liquid flow ports 11a and 11b and the wall surface liquid flow port 12 may be provided as holes through which the cylindrical case 10 communicates directly with the outside.
- Components such as 13 may be connected and used so as to be airtight or liquidtight.
- the shape and length of the nozzle, the connection angle with the cylindrical case, the opening area at the tip of the nozzle 13 and the like may be arbitrarily set according to the use situation of the hollow fiber membrane module 1.
- the wall surface inlet 12 may be provided at any location of the cylindrical case 10.
- the shape of the cylindrical case 10 can be exemplified by a cylinder or a polygonal cylinder.
- the cylindrical case 10 is preferably used because it has advantages such as ease of processing and molding, and the liquid and gas flows in the cylindrical case 10 are likely to be uniform.
- the member constituting the cylindrical case 10 is preferably a member that is not easily deteriorated by repeated steam sterilization treatment, a heat-resistant resin exemplified by polysulfone, a metal such as aluminum and stainless steel,
- An appropriate material can be selected from a composite of resin and metal, or a composite material such as glass fiber reinforced resin and carbon fiber reinforced resin.
- the length of the cylindrical case 10 is not particularly limited, but the shorter one has better handleability, and the longer one has a larger effective membrane area per one hollow fiber membrane module 1.
- the effective membrane area refers to the total area of the membrane surface contributing to filtration in the hollow fiber membrane bundle 20 filled in the hollow fiber membrane module 1.
- covered with the focusing member 40 etc. is not included in an effective film
- the effective membrane length refers to the length of the hollow fiber membrane part that contributes to filtration.
- the appropriate value of the effective membrane length of the hollow fiber membrane is preferably 20 mm or more from the viewpoint of securing a large effective membrane area, and may be 30 mm or more or 40 mm or more.
- the length of the cylindrical case 10 is preferably 2000 mm or less, and may be 1800 mm or less or 1500 mm or less.
- the length of the cylindrical case 10 is set to an appropriate value in consideration of the effective film length and the thickness of the focusing member described later.
- the inner diameter of the cylindrical case 10 is not particularly limited, but if it is small, the handleability is good, and if it is large, the number of hollow fiber membranes that can be filled increases, so that the effective membrane area per hollow fiber membrane module 1 is large. Become. From the viewpoint of securing the number of filled hollow fiber membranes, the inner diameter of the cylindrical case 10 is preferably 10 mm or more, and may be 20 mm or more or 30 mm or more. Moreover, in order to implement
- the hollow fiber membrane bundle 20 is used, for example, by forming one or more small bundles of a predetermined number of hollow fiber membranes, and being focused and bonded to the inner wall of the cylindrical case 10 by the focusing member 40.
- the hollow fiber membrane module 1 is demonstrated as what is one end holding
- Both-end holding is often observed as a shape of a general hollow fiber membrane module. Since both ends of the hollow fiber membrane are held, the hollow fiber membrane module can be firmly held. On the other hand, when the hollow fiber membrane module holding both ends is steam sterilized, each member of the hollow fiber membrane module changes in size due to heat, and each member breaks down due to simple dimensional change, or accumulation of residual stress due to repeated dimensional change. There is a high concern about the resulting destruction. On the other hand, a hollow fiber membrane module that is held at one end can be said to be preferable because a part of the stress accumulated at the free end is relieved even if a dimensional change caused by heat of steam sterilization occurs.
- examples of the method for sealing the free end of the hollow fiber membrane bundle include the following methods. Prepare a hollow fiber membrane having a length about twice the length of the predetermined hollow fiber membrane, fold it in half, and close the end surface on the free end of the bundle of hollow fiber membranes with a converging member, etc. For example, to prevent inflow.
- the hollow fiber membrane bundle When the free end of the hollow fiber membrane bundle is closed with a converging member, it is preferable to divide the hollow fiber membrane bundle into a plurality of small bundles because an improvement in the membrane shaking effect is expected. At this time, it is preferable that the number of small bundles is large because the membrane shaking effect is likely to be improved, but if too large, the manufacturing process becomes complicated, the small bundles are easily entangled, and the hollow fiber membranes are rubbed and damaged. There are also concerns. In consideration of the above, the bundle of small bundles may be arbitrarily determined.
- the hollow fiber membrane module 1 when forming the hollow fiber membrane module 1 as one end holding
- the hollow fiber membranes constituting the hollow fiber membrane bundle 20 are polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, polyvinylidene fluoride resin, polysulfone resin, polyethersulfone resin, polyacrylonitrile resin, and cellulose resin.
- a hollow fiber membrane containing an organic polymer compound as exemplified by resin and cellulose triacetate resin is preferable from the viewpoint of cost and steam sterilization resistance.
- polyvinyl chloride resins, polyvinylidene fluoride resins, polysulfone resins, polyethersulfone resins, and polyacrylonitrile resins that are easy to form in solution and have excellent physical durability and chemical resistance are preferred.
- Polyvinylidene fluoride resin or a resin containing it as the main component is most preferably used.
- the main component means that the component is contained in an amount of 50% by weight or more, preferably 60% by weight or more.
- polyvinylidene fluoride resin a homopolymer of vinylidene fluoride is preferably used. Furthermore, as the polyvinylidene fluoride resin, a copolymer of a vinyl monomer copolymerizable with vinylidene fluoride is also preferably used. Examples of vinyl monomers copolymerizable with vinylidene fluoride include tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, and ethylene trichloride fluoride.
- the hollow fiber membranes constituting the hollow fiber membrane bundle 20 can be classified into two types of membranes, an external pressure type and an internal pressure type.
- the external pressure type the outer surface of the hollow fiber membrane is the primary side
- the internal pressure type the inner surface of the hollow fiber membrane is the primary side.
- the hollow fiber membrane module 1 using the external pressure type hollow fiber membrane has a merit that turbidity does not easily accumulate between the hollow fiber membranes because the flow path on the primary side is wide.
- the hollow fiber membrane module 1 used has a merit that the flow rate of the cross flow for obtaining a certain membrane surface linear velocity may be smaller than that of the external pressure type hollow fiber membrane module because the primary-side flow path is narrow.
- the hollow fiber membrane can also be selected from the external pressure type and the internal pressure type depending on the properties of the stock solution used, particularly the turbidity concentration in the stock solution.
- the turbidity concentration in the stock solution is too high, in the case of the internal pressure type hollow fiber membrane, there is a concern that the flow path may be blocked by the turbidity, so the hollow fiber membrane module of the present invention is a turbidity of the stock solution.
- An external pressure type hollow fiber membrane that can be adapted even at a high concentration is more preferably used.
- the hollow fiber membrane module when the hollow fiber membrane module is formed in a state where one end is held, if the hollow fiber membrane is set to the internal pressure type, the turbidity in the hollow fiber membrane cannot be excluded, so an external pressure type hollow fiber membrane should be used. Is preferred.
- the number of the hollow fiber membranes to be filled in the hollow fiber membrane module 1 is not particularly limited, but the hollow fiber membrane module 1 has a filling rate of 30% to 50%, preferably 35% to 48%.
- the number of membranes should be determined. In the case of the hollow fiber membrane module 1 using the external pressure type hollow fiber membrane, if the filling rate is less than 30%, the membrane area per one hollow fiber membrane module 1 is not preferable, and the filling rate is 50. In the case of% or more, the concern is that the hollow fiber membranes are too dense and steam sterilization of the hollow fiber membrane module is not successful.
- the filling rate of the hollow fiber membrane module 1 is calculated by Formula 1 shown below. Where ⁇ : filling rate of hollow fiber membrane module (%), do: outer diameter of hollow fiber membrane (mm), N: total number of hollow fiber membranes, S: cross-sectional area inside cylindrical case (mm 2 ) It is.
- the bundling member 40 combines the hollow fiber membrane bundle 20, the inside and outside of the hollow fiber membrane are divided in an airtight and liquid tight manner, and at least one end (opening end bundling member 40b side) of the hollow fiber membrane bundle 20 is opened. In this state, it is a member that adheres and fixes to the inner wall of the cylindrical case 10. Further, since the converging member also becomes a structural member of the hollow fiber membrane module, not only the affinity with the member to be bonded but also the heat resistance, hardness, strength, etc. are required. In consideration of these points, it is possible to select from thermoplastic or thermosetting resins such as polyurethane, epoxy, and fluororesin.
- the hollow fiber membrane bundle 20 is bonded and fixed to the cylindrical case 10 using the converging member 40 (open end converging member 40b), it is important that at least one end side of the hollow portion of the hollow fiber membrane is not blocked. It is.
- the state in which the hollow portion of the hollow fiber membrane is not blocked is referred to as the hollow fiber membrane being in the open state.
- the converging member 40 in which the end of the hollow fiber membrane in the open state is the open end and the open end is formed. This end face is called an open end face.
- a concentrating member is formed around the hollow fiber membrane by placing the open end of the hollow fiber membrane in close contact with a flat plate made of a material having good releasability such as polypropylene. Examples thereof include a method of removing the flat plate and a method of forming the converging member so that the end face of the hollow fiber membrane bundle is buried and then cutting the converging member so that the end face of the hollow fiber membrane bundle 20 comes out on the surface.
- the hollow fiber membrane module of Embodiment 1 includes a rectifying member, and an example of the rectifying member is a rectifying cylinder 30 illustrated in FIG.
- the rectifying cylinder 30 not only suppresses the drift inside the cylindrical case 10, but also has an effect of suppressing membrane breakage caused by the hollow fiber membrane being sucked into the wall surface inlet 12 of the cylindrical case 10.
- the rectifying cylinder 30 is provided with a through hole 30a on the wall surface of a cylindrical member.
- the shape of the through hole 30a can be exemplified by a circle, an ellipse, a polygon, a star, and the like, but is not particularly limited.
- the angle at each vertex is 90 ° or more, preferably 120 ° or more, and less than 180 °. This is because, in a polygonal through hole having a vertex outside this range, there is a possibility that the hollow fiber membrane is caught at the vertex of the through hole and the membrane is broken by an external force.
- a circle or an ellipse is preferable to a polygon.
- the fear of film breakage may be suppressed by means such as rounding the polygonal edge or chamfering the outer edge of the through hole 30a. More preferably, the chamfering is C chamfering or R chamfering.
- the number of through holes 30a provided in the rectifying cylinder 30 and the size of each through hole 30a are not particularly limited. However, if the through-hole 30a is too small, there is a concern about increase in fluid flow resistance and turbid blockage, and if it is too large, the strength of the flow straightening cylinder 30 may be reduced. It is preferable to determine.
- the flow straightening cylinder 30 has a structure in which the water vapor is sufficiently distributed to the above-described sterilization failure concern even when the water vapor is supplied from the wall surface inlet 12.
- Examples of a preferable structure of the rectifying cylinder 30a include a method in which the through hole 30a is not provided in a portion of the surface of the rectifying cylinder 30 where the water vapor supplied from the wall surface liquid inlet 12 first hits.
- the rectifying cylinder 30 may be housed in the cylindrical case 10 as an independent member, or may be molded so as to be integrated with the cylindrical case 10.
- the hollow fiber membrane module 1 may be formed so that a part of the flow straightening cylinder 30 is buried in the converging member 40 and the flow straightening cylinder 30 may be held.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of FIG.
- the rectifying cylinder 30 is housed in the cylindrical case 10 and is disposed so as to surround the hollow fiber membrane bundle 20. Furthermore, by providing the wall surface inlet 12 on the outer periphery of the flow straightening cylinder 30, when the stock solution is introduced from the lower part of the hollow fiber membrane module 1, the stock solution introduced into the cylindrical case 10.
- the inventors of the present invention have found out that the structure of the hollow fiber membrane module 1 satisfying L2 / L1 ⁇ 5.0 is preferable from the viewpoint of suppressing sterilization defects.
- a more preferable range of values is L2 / L1 ⁇ 3.0, and a further preferable range of values is L2 / L1 ⁇ 1.5.
- the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical case 10 the outer peripheral surface of the rectifying cylinder 30, and the focusing member 40 (opening) Since the space surrounded by the end focusing member 40b) satisfies L2 / L1 ⁇ 5.0, it is possible to obtain a hollow fiber membrane module in which the concern about steam sterilization failure is suppressed.
- FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a hollow fiber membrane module 1a according to Modification 1-1 of the first embodiment.
- the seal member 42 may be disposed on the (opening end focusing member 40b side).
- a seal member holding mechanism such as a groove is provided at a location where the seal members 41 and 42 and the cylindrical case 10 or the rectifying cylinder 30 are in contact with each other. Arrangement is made so as not to be displaced.
- the shape of the sealing member holding mechanism is not limited as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired.
- the illustration of the seal member holding mechanism is omitted, and in the subsequent drawings, the seal member holding mechanism is similarly shown in the drawings. Omitted.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a main part of the hollow fiber membrane module 1b according to the modified example 1-2 of the first embodiment.
- the bag passage S1 may not be formed.
- the end portion on the side located inside the main body portion 10a (the end surface on the side facing the inside of the main body portion 10a of the open end focusing member 40c) has a wall surface liquid passing property. It passes through the upper end of the mouth 12 and is positioned below a plane N that is orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical case 10 (main body portion 10a). At this time, the opening end focusing member 40c extends in accordance with the inner diameter of the main body 10a.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a main part of the hollow fiber membrane module 1c according to the modified example 1-3 of the first embodiment.
- the opening end focusing member 40d according to Modification 1-3 is similar to the opening end focusing member 40c shown in FIG. 5 in the end portion on the side located inside the main body portion 10a (inside the main body portion 10a of the opening end focusing member 40d). (The end face on the side facing the surface) passes through the upper end of the wall surface inlet 12 and is positioned below the plane N perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical case 10 (main body part 10a).
- the opening end focusing member 40 d extends along the inner diameter of the main body portion 10 a and is provided along the inner wall surface of the nozzle 13.
- the bag path S1 may be prevented from being formed to suppress the concern about poor steam sterilization.
- the opening end focusing members 40c and 40d are formed below the plane N, the flow path resistance of the wall surface liquid inlet 12 may be partially blocked by the opening end focusing members 40c and 40d, and the flow path resistance may increase. is there.
- the channel area of the wall surface inlet 12 may be appropriately set according to the flow rate of the liquid passing through the hollow fiber membrane module.
- the end portion on the side located inside the main body portion 10a is an end surface on the side facing the inside of the main body portion 10a, and is an end surface on the side forming the depth L2.
- the depth L2 described above is a negative value.
- FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the hollow fiber membrane module 2 according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a hollow fiber membrane cartridge used in the hollow fiber membrane module 2 according to the second embodiment.
- symbol is attached
- the hollow fiber membrane module 2 preferably takes the form of a cartridge-type hollow fiber membrane module as illustrated in FIG.
- the cartridge-type hollow fiber membrane module 2 is in a state in which the hollow fiber membrane is not bonded to the inner wall of the cylindrical case 10 via the converging member 400.
- the dimensional change due to heat during steam sterilization and accumulating in the member This is because the applied stress is easily relaxed and the heat resistance of the entire hollow fiber membrane module 2 is improved.
- the cylindrical case 10 can be reused, and the unit price of the hollow fiber membrane module 2 can be reduced. It becomes.
- the members constituting the cartridge type hollow fiber membrane module 2 are substantially the same as those of the hollow fiber membrane module 1 described above. Here, only the members and structures that are characteristic of the cartridge type hollow fiber membrane module 2 will be described.
- the hollow fiber membrane module 2 is a hollow fiber membrane module used by holding the hollow fiber membrane cartridge 50 in the cylindrical case 10.
- the hollow fiber membrane bundle 20 is focused on and fixed to the inner wall of the cylindrical cartridge head 43 having a cylindrical shape instead of the cylindrical case 10 by using the focusing member 400.
- the cylindrical case 10 has a substantially cylindrical shape with both ends open, a main body portion 10a provided with a liquid passing port 11a on one end side, and both ends open, opposite to the liquid passing port 11a of the main body portion 10a on one end side. And a lid portion 10b provided with a liquid passage port 11b on the other end side.
- the converging member 400 includes a closed end converging member 40a provided so that the hollow fiber membrane bundle end is closed and an open end converging member 40e provided so that the hollow fiber membrane bundle end is opened.
- the opening end converging member 40e is attached to the main body 10a by fitting with a cylindrical cartridge head 43 described later.
- the shape of the cylindrical cartridge head 43 is not particularly limited as long as it can be used in the cylindrical case 10, but the primary side and the secondary side of the hollow fiber membrane module are hermetically sealed by the hollow fiber membrane cartridge and the seal member.
- a gap is not formed between the hollow fiber membrane cartridge 50 and the cylindrical case 10 as much as possible.
- the hollow fiber membrane cartridge 50 is also required to be removable from the main body portion 10a of the cylindrical case 10, a hollow fiber is provided while suppressing breakage of the cylindrical case 10 by providing a gap of about several mm. This is preferable because the membrane cartridge 50 can be taken out.
- the cross-sectional shape of the holding portion between the cylindrical cartridge head 43 and the cylindrical case 10 is similar.
- a heat resistant resin exemplified by polysulfone, a metal such as aluminum and stainless steel, a composite of resin and metal, glass, and the like.
- An appropriate material can be selected and used from composite materials such as fiber reinforced resin and carbon fiber reinforced resin.
- the cylindrical case 10 for the cartridge type hollow fiber membrane module is required to have a structure such that the hollow fiber membrane cartridge 50 held inside can be replaced.
- the hollow fiber membrane cartridge 50 is introduced from the opening on the side different from the liquid passage port 11a of the main body 10a, and a part such as a cap provided with the liquid passage port 11b is fitted thereon.
- the parts constituting the cylindrical case 10 are sealed in a liquid-tight manner. Examples of the structure (not shown).
- the structure in which the hollow fiber membrane cartridge 50 is introduced from the opening of the main body 10a of the cylindrical case 10 and the parts such as the lid 10b provided with the liquid passage port 11b above the structure is simple and preferable. Used.
- the hollow fiber membrane cartridge 50 can be formed by using one according to the hollow fiber membrane module 1 described above. Further, the rectifying cylinder 31 is held inside the cylindrical case 10 (main body portion 10 a) and is positioned between the cylindrical case 10 and the hollow fiber membrane bundle 20. Further, the rectifying cylinder 31 is formed with a through hole 31 a similar to the above-described through hole 30 a and is configured to be engaged with the cylindrical cartridge head 43 of the hollow fiber membrane cartridge 50. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, it is preferable that the end portion on the side to be engaged with the cylindrical cartridge head 43 be bent with respect to the cylindrical longitudinal direction, and the bending direction is the cylindrical case. It is particularly preferable to face 10 inner wall surfaces.
- the rectifying cylinder 31 may be housed in the cylindrical case 10 as an independent member, or may be molded so as to be integrated with the cylindrical case 10. However, in the hollow fiber membrane module 2, it is preferable that the rectifying cylinder 31 is formed so as not to be embedded in the converging member 400 (opening end converging member 40e) because the rectifying cylinder 31 can be used repeatedly.
- the rectifying cylinder 31 is arranged so as to surround the hollow fiber membrane bundle 20 in the cylindrical case 10, and a wall surface is passed through the outer periphery of the rectifying cylinder 31.
- the liquid port 12 being arranged.
- the hollow fiber membrane cartridge 2 is arranged such that the cartridge head 43 is placed above the rectifying cylinder 31 as shown in FIG.
- the positional relationship of the hollow fiber membrane, the flow straightening tube, and the wall surface inlet is as described above and the primary side and the secondary side can be hermetically and liquid-tightly separated in the cartridge-type hollow fiber membrane module, it is hollow.
- the holding position of the thread membrane cartridge is not limited to the position shown in FIG.
- a more preferable range of values is L2 / L1 ⁇ 3.0, and a further preferable range of values is L2 / L1 ⁇ 1.5.
- the rectifying cylinder 31, and the cylindrical cartridge head 43 each is provided so as to satisfy the relationship of L2 / L1 ⁇ 5.0.
- the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical case 10 satisfies L2 / L1 ⁇ 5.0, it is possible to obtain a hollow fiber membrane module in which the concern about steam sterilization failure is suppressed.
- FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the hollow fiber membrane module 2a according to the modified example 2-1 of the second embodiment.
- a seal member 44 may be provided between the cylindrical case 10 and the rectifying cylinder 31, and further above the wall surface liquid inlet 12 .
- the cartridge type hollow fiber membrane module 2a is formed with a converging member 40 (open end converging member 40b) between the cylindrical case 10 and the rectifying cylinder 31, This is because the method of shortening the depth of the dead end cannot be taken.
- sealing members 41, 42, and 44 examples include O-rings, packings, gaskets, and the like. These members are required to be a material having resistance to steam sterilization, and examples of suitable materials include ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM), silicone rubber, and fluororubber. Further, the seal members 41, 42, and 44 may be arranged so as to be simply sandwiched between the portions, or may be arranged so as to be difficult to move by providing a screw thread between the fitting portions. When the thread is provided, the sealing property may be enhanced by, for example, wrapping a sealant tetrafluoroethylene resin green tape, which is generally called a seal tape, around the thread.
- a sealant tetrafluoroethylene resin green tape which is generally called a seal tape
- the hollow fiber membrane modules according to the first and second embodiments are not limited to the above-described steam sterilization but can be applied even when sterilizing with warm water.
- the test described in Reference Example 1 was performed on the prototyped hollow fiber membrane module. did.
- Heat-resistant indicator Polyester yarn containing Geobacillus stearothermophilus ATCC 7953 (3-6100YT manufactured by Mos Japan Co., Ltd.). Hereinafter, the yarn is abbreviated as indicator fungus-containing yarn.
- Indicator bacterium-containing yarn is a yarn that contains 10 six heat indicator bacteria to polyester yarn of 50 mm, without adjustment of the length, are used for testing.
- the heat sterilization index of this heat-resistant index bacterium is D121 of 1.5 minutes. D121 is the time required for the viable cell rate to become 1/10 by the treatment at 121 ° C. That is, the time for 1D treatment at 121 ° C. is 1.5 minutes.
- nD treatment refers to a treatment of holding at 121 ° C. for n ⁇ 1.5 minutes.
- 7D processing means processing at 121 ° C. for 10.5 minutes
- 10D processing means processing at 121 ° C. for 15 minutes.
- a heat-resistant adhesive was applied to both ends of the indicator fungus-containing yarn 21 and attached to a predetermined location.
- the predetermined place is as follows.
- the deployment locations A1 to A8 are close to the wall surface inlet 12, and the deployment locations B1 to B8 are remote locations.
- the interval between the indicator fungus-containing yarns is narrowed, so the interval of the value of a is larger than 1.
- the seal member 42, the uppermost end in the bladder S2 formed by the cylindrical case 10 and the rectifying cylinder 30, or when the hollow fiber membrane module is a cartridge type either the upper end of the rectifying cylinder 31 or the seal member 44
- One member, and the uppermost end in the bladders S3 and S4 formed by the cylindrical case 10 and the rectifying cylinder 31 are also arranged. This uppermost end corresponds to a location close to the wall surface through-hole 12 (corresponding to Ax in FIG. 10) and far (corresponding to Bx in FIG. 10).
- Sterilization treatment conditions There were two sterilization treatment conditions: 7D treatment and 10D treatment. In both cases, saturated steam at 121 ° C. is supplied from the wall surface inlet 12 of the hollow fiber membrane module, and the steam trap installed below the inlet 11a is made effective. After the thermometer installed at the temperature reached 121 ° C., it was held for a predetermined time (10.5 minutes for 7D treatment and 15 minutes for 10D treatment).
- the hollow fiber membrane module 1 shown in FIG. 1 was produced using the following.
- Main body 10a of the cylindrical case 10 a cylindrical container made of SUS316. The length is 1500mm and the inner diameter is 150mm.
- On the wall surface of the main body 10 a one circular hole having a diameter of 40 mm with a point of 100 mm from the end as a center is provided.
- Lid 10b of cylindrical case 10 made of SUS316. The size of the cylindrical case 10 that fits into the larger opening end side of the diameter.
- Hollow fiber membrane bundle 20 4000 hollow fiber membranes made of PVDF are used.
- As the hollow fiber membrane a hollow fiber membrane module “HFU-2020” manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.
- Rectifier tube 30 made of polysulfone, 130 mm in length, cylindrical surface having an outer diameter of 146 mm provided with a rectification hole. One end is bent in an L shape so that it can be held in the main body 10a of the cylindrical case. A through hole 30a having a diameter of 4 mm (see FIG. 2) is provided over a range from the end bent into an L shape to 50 mm.
- Focusing member 40 LST868 R-14 and LST868 H-14 (both manufactured by Huntsman Japan KK), which are two-component mixed epoxy resins, were used.
- the epoxy resin before curing is represented by the abbreviation Re for convenience in the description of the manufacturing method (FIG. 11) described later.
- the creation procedure is as follows. 1) One end of the hollow fiber membrane bundle 20 is put into a cylindrical container having an inner diameter of 140 mm, and an epoxy resin in which two liquids are well mixed is poured. The epoxy resin was cured as it was to obtain a closed end focusing member 40a. 2) A thin and quick-drying adhesive is applied to the end of the hollow fiber membrane bundle 20 where the closed end focusing member 40a is not provided, and the open end of the hollow fiber membrane is temporarily closed to form a sealing end.
- the hollow fiber membrane bundle 20 is passed through the rectifying cylinder 30, and the rectifying cylinder 30 surrounds the hollow fiber membrane bundle 20, and is bent to the end of the hollow fiber membrane bundle 20 on the side of the sealing end and to the L shape of the rectifying cylinder. The other end (the end on the side different from the side connected to the main body 10a) is aligned. 4)
- the hollow fiber membrane bundle 20 and the rectifying cylinder 30 are housed in the main body 10 a of the cylindrical case 10 so as to face the outer peripheral surface of the rectifying cylinder 30 and the wall surface inlet 12 of the cylindrical case 10.
- the main body 10a of the cylindrical case 10 is housed in the hollow fiber membrane module fabrication jig 60 as shown in FIG.
- the epoxy resin Re in which the two liquids are well mixed is slowly injected from the lower part of the hollow fiber membrane module fabrication jig 60. After injecting a predetermined amount, the supply of the epoxy resin Re is stopped and left to stand until it is completely cured. 7) Remove the hollow fiber membrane module fabrication jig 60 and cut off the epoxy resin protruding from the cylindrical case main body 10a to obtain the open end focusing member 40b. 8) The hollow fiber membrane module 1 is obtained by fitting the cylindrical case lid 10b so as to face the opening end focusing member 40b.
- Reference Example 4 Production of hollow fiber membrane module (3) A cartridge type hollow fiber membrane module 2 shown in FIG. 7 was produced. The outline of creation is the same as in Reference Example 2, and differences will be described. ⁇ Change the members to be used as follows. Rectifier tube 31: Both ends were bent in an L shape, and the length was 70 mm. There is no change in the distribution of through holes (same as in Reference Example 2). The following members are added as members to be used. Cylindrical cartridge head 43: made of polysulfone, cylindrical with a length of 60 mm and an outer diameter of 148 mm. ⁇ Change the production procedure as follows.
- the hollow fiber membrane bundle 20 is passed through the cylindrical cartridge head 43, the cylindrical cartridge head 43 surrounds the hollow fiber membrane bundle 20, The end and the one end of the cylindrical cartridge head 43 are aligned.
- the hollow fiber membrane cartridge 50 which has the opening end condensing member 40b is obtained using this with the hollow fiber membrane module production jig 60 similarly to the process 5 of the reference example 2.
- the flow straightening cylinder 31 is housed and held in the tubular case main body 10a, and the hollow fiber membrane cartridge 50 is housed thereon.
- the lid 10b is fitted so as to face the opening end converging member 40b of the hollow fiber membrane cartridge 50, whereby the cartridge type hollow fiber membrane module 2 is obtained.
- Example 1 A hollow fiber membrane module 1 as shown in FIG. 1 was prepared according to the procedure described in Reference Example 2, and the test described in Reference Example 1 was performed.
- the opening width L1 between the cylindrical case 10 and the flow straightening cylinder 30 was 2.5 mm
- the depth L2 of the bag passage S1 was 3.75 mm
- L2 / L1 1.5.
- the hollow fiber membrane module is created in a state where the indicator bacteria-containing yarns 21 are arranged in advance at four locations on the surface of the rectifying cylinder 30, and two groups (deployment locations A0, A1) close to the wall surface inlet 12 are provided.
- the heat-resistant indicator bacteria were arranged so that there were two groups (deployment locations B0, B1) far from the liquid inlet 12.
- the hollow fiber membrane module 1 as in Example 1 is steam sterilized as theoretically, and can be sufficiently sterilized up to the indicator fungus-containing thread 21 arranged at the back of the bagway. I found out. Therefore, it can be said that the hollow fiber membrane module 1 according to Example 1 is suitable for steam sterilization.
- Example 2 A hollow fiber membrane module 1 as shown in FIG. 1 was prepared according to the procedure described in Reference Example 2, and the test described in Reference Example 1 was performed.
- the opening width L1 between the cylindrical case 10 and the flow straightening cylinder 30 was 2.5 mm
- the depth L2 of the bag passage S1 was 7.5 mm
- L2 / L1 3.0.
- the hollow fiber membrane module is created in a state where the indicator fungus-containing yarn 21 is arranged in advance at six locations on the surface of the rectifying cylinder 30, and three groups (deployment locations A0, A1, A2) close to the wall surface inlet 12
- the heat-resistant indicator bacteria were arranged so that there were three groups (deployment locations B0, B1, B2) far from the wall surface inlet 12.
- Table 2 summarizes the results of examining whether heat-resistant indicator bacteria are detected from these indicator bacteria-containing yarns 21 and the sterilization feasibility determination of the hollow fiber membrane module 1 in Table 2. What was done is summarized in Table 3.
- the hollow fiber membrane module 1 as in Example 2 has a theoretical probability under the stringent condition-containing yarn 21 arranged in the back of the bag path under conditions that are more severe than usual. Although it is not sufficient, sterilization can be performed with a probability close to the theory, and Table 3 shows that steam sterilization is sufficiently possible under general steam sterilization conditions. Therefore, it can be said that the hollow fiber membrane module 1 according to Example 2 is suitable for performing sufficient steam sterilization under at least general conditions.
- Example 3 A hollow fiber membrane module 1 as shown in FIG. 1 was prepared according to the procedure described in Reference Example 2, and the test described in Reference Example 1 was performed.
- the opening width L1 between the cylindrical case 10 and the flow straightening cylinder 30 was 2.5 mm
- the depth L2 of the bag passage S1 was 12.5 mm
- L2 / L1 5.0.
- the hollow fiber membrane module is created in a state where the indicator fungus-containing yarn 21 is arranged in advance at 10 locations on the surface of the flow straightening cylinder 30, and 5 groups close to the wall surface inlet 12 (deployment locations A0, A1, A2, A3) , A4) and five groups distant from the wall surface inlet 12 (deployment locations B0, B1, B2, B3, B4).
- Table 2 summarizes the results of examining whether heat-resistant indicator bacteria are detected from these indicator bacteria-containing yarns 21 and the sterilization feasibility determination of the hollow fiber membrane module 1 in Table 2. What was done is summarized in Table 3.
- the hollow fiber membrane module 1 as in Example 3 has a theoretical probability under the stringent condition-containing yarn 21 arranged at the back of the bag path under conditions more severe than usual. Although it is not sufficient, sterilization can be performed with a probability close to the theory, and Table 3 shows that steam sterilization is sufficiently possible under general steam sterilization conditions. Therefore, it can be said that the hollow fiber membrane module 1 according to Example 3 is suitable for performing sufficient steam sterilization under at least general conditions.
- Example 4 A hollow fiber membrane module 1a as shown in FIG. 4 was prepared by the procedure described in Reference Example 3, and the test described in Reference Example 1 was performed.
- the opening width L1 between the cylindrical case 10 and the flow straightening cylinder 30 was 2.5 mm
- the depth L2 of the bag path S2 was 12.5 mm
- L2 / L1 5.0.
- the hollow fiber membrane module is created in a state where the indicator fungus-containing yarns 21 are arranged in advance at 10 locations on the surface of the rectifying cylinder 30 and 2 locations on the surface of the seal member 42 in total, and is close to the wall surface inlet 12.
- the hollow fiber membrane module 1a was disassembled and all the indicator fungus-containing yarns 21 were taken out.
- Table 2 summarizes the results of examining whether or not heat-resistant indicator bacteria are detected from these indicator bacteria-containing yarns 21 and the determination of whether or not the hollow fiber membrane module is sterilized. These are summarized in Table 3.
- the hollow fiber membrane module 1a as in Example 4 has a theoretical probability under the stringent condition-containing yarn 21 arranged at the back of the bag path under conditions more severe than usual. Although it is not sufficient, sterilization can be performed with a probability close to the theory, and Table 3 shows that steam sterilization is sufficiently possible under general steam sterilization conditions. Therefore, it can be said that the hollow fiber membrane module 1a according to Example 4 is suitable for performing sufficient steam sterilization under at least general conditions.
- Example 5 A cartridge type hollow fiber membrane module 2 as shown in FIG. 7 was prepared by the procedure described in Reference Example 4, and the test described in Reference Example 1 was performed.
- the opening width L1 between the cylindrical case 10 and the rectifying cylinder 31 of FIG. 9 is 2.5 mm
- the depth L2 of the bag path S3 is 12.5 mm
- L2 / L1 5.0. It was.
- the hollow fiber membrane module is created in a state where the indicator fungus-containing yarn 21 is arranged in advance at 12 locations on the surface of the rectifying cylinder 31, and there are 6 groups close to the wall surface inlet 12 (deployment locations A0, A1, A2, and so on). A3, A4, Ax), and the group far from the wall surface inlet 12 is arranged so that there are six groups (deployment locations B0, B1, B2, B3, B4, Bx).
- the hollow fiber membrane cartridge 50 and the rectifying cylinder 31 were removed from the hollow fiber membrane module 2 to take out all the indicator fungus-containing yarns 21.
- Table 2 summarizes the results of examining whether or not heat-resistant indicator bacteria are detected from these indicator bacteria-containing yarns 21 and the determination of whether or not the hollow fiber membrane module is sterilized. These are summarized in Table 3.
- the hollow fiber membrane module 2 as in Example 5 has a theoretical probability under the stringent condition-containing yarn 21 arranged at the back of the bag path under conditions more severe than usual. Although it is not sufficient, sterilization can be performed with a probability close to the theory, and Table 3 shows that steam sterilization is sufficiently possible under general steam sterilization conditions. Therefore, it can be said that the hollow fiber membrane module 2 according to Example 5 is suitable for performing sufficient steam sterilization under at least general conditions.
- Comparative Example 1 A hollow fiber membrane module 1 as shown in FIG. 1 was prepared according to the procedure described in Reference Example 2, and the test described in Reference Example 1 was performed.
- the opening width L1 between the cylindrical case 10 and the rectifying cylinder 30 in FIG. 10 is 2.5 mm
- the depth L2 of the bag passage S1 is 17.5 mm
- L2 / L1 7.0. there were.
- the hollow fiber membrane module is created in a state where the indicator fungus-containing yarn 21 is arranged in advance at 14 locations on the surface of the rectifying cylinder 30, and there are 7 groups close to the wall surface inlet 12 (deployment locations A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6) and 7 groups distant from the wall surface inlet 12 (deployment locations B0, B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6).
- Table 2 summarizes the results of examining whether heat-resistant indicator bacteria are detected from these indicator bacteria-containing yarns 21 and the sterilization feasibility determination of the hollow fiber membrane module 1 in Table 2. What was done is summarized in Table 3.
- the hollow fiber membrane module as in Comparative Example 1 is insufficiently sterilized under conditions severer than usual when 7D treatment is performed. From Table 3, general steam sterilization is performed. Even when the 10D treatment, which is the condition, is performed, the indicator fungus-containing yarn (A6) arranged at the back of the bag path and the indicator fungus-containing yarn (B6) far from the wall surface inlet cannot be sterilized. I understood it. Therefore, it can be said that the hollow fiber membrane module according to Comparative Example 1 is unsuitable for steam sterilization.
- Comparative Example 2 A cartridge type hollow fiber membrane module 2 as shown in FIG. 7 was prepared by the procedure described in Reference Example 4, and the test described in Reference Example 1 was performed.
- the opening width L1 between the cylindrical case (main body portion 10a) and the rectifying cylinder 31 in FIG. 10 is 2.5 mm
- the depth L2 of the bag path S3 is 17.5 mm
- L2 / L1 7. 0.0.
- the hollow fiber membrane module is created in a state where the indicator fungus-containing yarn 21 is arranged in advance at 16 locations on the surface of the rectifying cylinder 31, and there are 8 groups close to the wall surface inlet 12 (deployment locations A0, A1, A2, and so on).
- the group far from the wall surface inlet 12 was arranged so that there were 8 groups (deployment locations B0, B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, Bx).
- the hollow fiber membrane cartridge 50 and the rectifying cylinder 31 were removed from the hollow fiber membrane module 2 to take out all the indicator fungus-containing yarns 21.
- Table 2 summarizes the results of examining whether or not heat-resistant indicator bacteria are detected from these indicator bacteria-containing yarns 21 and the determination of whether or not the hollow fiber membrane module is sterilized. These are summarized in Table 3.
- the hollow fiber membrane module as in Comparative Example 2 is insufficiently sterilized under conditions severer than usual when 7D treatment is performed. From Table 3, general steam sterilization is performed. Even when the 10D treatment which is the condition is performed, the indicator fungus-containing yarn (deployment location A6, Ax) arranged at the back of the bag path, or the indicator fungus-containing yarn (deployment location B6, distant from the wall surface inlet) It was found that Bx) was not sterilized. Therefore, it can be said that the hollow fiber membrane module according to Comparative Example 2 is unsuitable for steam sterilization.
- the hollow fiber membrane module of the present invention is capable of cross-flow operation and has excellent steam sterilization, and therefore can be suitably used for food and pharmaceutical separation, purification, and continuous fermentation processes.
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Abstract
Description
(中空糸膜モジュールの構成要件について)
図1は、本実施の形態1にかかる中空糸膜モジュール1の一態様を示す部分断面図である。図2は、本実施の形態1にかかる中空糸膜モジュール1を構成する一部材である、整流筒の一態様を示す上面図(a)および側面図(b)である。図3は、図1に示す中空糸膜モジュール1の要部を拡大表記した図である。本発明の中空糸膜モジュール1は、図1に示すように、筒状ケース10と、筒状ケース10の内部に配設される複数の中空糸膜(中空糸膜束20)および整流筒30を備えている。筒状ケース10は、膜面に対して原液を平行に流すための通液口11aおよび濾過液を中空糸膜モジュール系外に排出するための通液口11bと、筒状ケースの側面(壁面)に設けられた筒状ケース壁面通液口12と、を有している。また、中空糸膜モジュール1は、中空糸膜の束(中空糸膜束20)の外周に整流筒30が、さらに整流筒30の外周に筒状ケース10の筒状ケース壁面通液口12が位置する、すなわち、整流筒30の外周面が筒状ケース壁面通液口12に対向するように中空糸膜モジュール1が成型される。さらに、中空糸膜束20は、中空糸膜束端部が閉塞するように設けられる閉塞端集束部材40aおよび中空糸膜束端部が開口するように設けられる開口端集束部材40bからなる集束部材40によって筒状ケース10内に集束、保持される。
(カートリッジ式中空糸膜モジュールの構成要件について)
図7は、本実施の形態2にかかる中空糸膜モジュール2の構成を示した部分断面図である。図8は、本実施の形態2にかかる中空糸膜モジュール2に用いられる中空糸膜カートリッジの一例を示した模式図である。なお、図1等で上述した中空糸膜モジュール1と同じ構成要素には同じ符号を付してある。中空糸膜モジュール2は、図7に例示されるようにカートリッジ式中空糸膜モジュールの態様をとることも好ましい。カートリッジ式の中空糸膜モジュール2は、中空糸膜が集束部材400を介して筒状ケース10の内壁に接着されない状態となるので、蒸気滅菌時の熱による寸法変化、およびこれに伴い部材に蓄積される応力が緩和されやすくなり、中空糸膜モジュール2全体の耐熱性が向上するためである。また、筒状ケース10に対して劣化の早い中空糸膜部分をカートリッジ化することにより、筒状ケース10の使い回しが可能となり、中空糸膜モジュール2の1本あたりの単価を下げることも可能となる。
中空糸膜モジュール内に耐熱指標菌を配備し、蒸気滅菌を実施したのちの滅菌レベルが6D以上であるかを評価する試験を実施した。滅菌レベル6Dとは中空糸膜モジュール内の生菌率を1/106にすることを指す。試験条件は以下の通りである。
・整流筒(整流筒30または整流筒31)の外表面かつ、中空糸膜モジュールの壁面通液口12の上端と高さが一致する線上(図10のA0,B0に相当)、およびその線よりもさらに上方に、その線と平行となるように引いた複数の線上(図10のA1~A8,B1~B8に相当)。配備箇所A1~A8は、壁面通液口12に近い側であって、配備箇所B1~B8は、遠い箇所である。なお、上記において、例えばAaと表記されている場合、配備箇所A0との間隔がL1のa倍である位置に貼り付けられた指標菌含有糸のことを指し、Baと表記されている場合、配備箇所B0との間隔がL1のa倍である位置に貼り付けられた指標菌含有糸のことを指している。aは整数でなくてもよい。なお、後述する実施例、比較例において、aが必ずしもa=1、2、3・・・とならないように指標菌滅菌糸が配されていないものがある。これは、中空糸膜モジュール内において、指標菌含有糸同士が接触するように配されると、蒸気滅菌性の評価結果に影響を及ぼすことが懸念されるためである。L1の値が小さい場合、指標菌含有糸同士の間隔が狭くなってしまうため、aの値の間隔は、1よりも大きくなっている。
・袋路S2~S4のいずれかにおける最上端。シール部材42と、筒状ケース10および整流筒30とによって形成される袋路S2における最上端、もしくは、中空糸膜モジュールがカートリッジ式の場合、整流筒31の上端またはシール部材44の何れか1つの部材と、筒状ケース10および整流筒31によって形成される袋路S3,S4における最上端にも配している。この最上端は、壁面貫通口12に近い(図10のAxに相当)、および遠い(図10のBxに相当)箇所に対応している。
以下に記載のものを用いて、図1に記載の中空糸膜モジュール1を作製した。筒状ケース10の本体部10a:SUS316製の円筒状容器。長さは1500mm、内径は150mm。本体部10aの壁面上に、端部から100mmの点を中心として、直径40mmの円形の孔を1つ設け、これを壁面通液口12とした。筒状ケース10の蓋部10b:SUS316製。筒状ケース10の、径が大きいほうの開口端側に嵌合するような大きさのもの。中空糸膜束20:PVDF製中空糸膜を4000本使用。中空糸膜は、東レ株式会社製の中空糸膜モジュール「HFU-2020」を解体し、集束部材によって集束されていない中空糸膜部分を切り出して用いた。整流筒30:ポリスルホン製で、長さ130mm、整流孔を設けた面の外径は146mmの円筒状。一端をL字状に曲げており、筒状ケースの本体部10aにおいて保持できるようにした。L字に折り曲げられた端部から50mmまでの範囲にわたり、直径4mmの貫通孔30a(図2参照)が設けられている。集束部材40:2液混合型のエポキシ樹脂である、LST868 R-14、LST868 H-14(ともにハンツマン・ジャパン株式会社製)を用いた。硬化する前のエポキシ樹脂は、後述する製造方法(図11)の説明において、便宜上Reという略号により表される。
作成の手順は以下の通りである。
1)中空糸膜束20の一端を、内径140mmの円筒状容器に入れて、2液をよく混合したエポキシ樹脂を流し込む。そのままエポキシ樹脂を硬化させて閉塞端集束部材40aを得た。
2)中空糸膜束20の、閉塞端集束部材40aを設けていない端部に、薄く速乾性の接着剤を塗布し、中空糸膜の開口端を一時的に塞いで目止め端とする。
3)中空糸膜束20を整流筒30に通し、整流筒30が中空糸膜束20を囲繞し、かつ中空糸膜束20の目止め端側の端部と、整流筒のL字に曲げられていないほうの端部(本体部10aと連結する側と異なる側の端部)を合わせるようにする。
4)筒状ケース10の本体部10a内に中空糸膜束20および整流筒30を、整流筒30の外周面と筒状ケース10の壁面通液口12と対向するように収める。
5)筒状ケース10の本体部10aを、図11のように中空糸膜モジュール作製冶具60に収めて、中空糸膜束20のみを筒状ケース10上部から押し出し、端面から数cmはみ出すようにする。
6)2液をよく混合したエポキシ樹脂Reを、中空糸膜モジュール作製冶具60の下部からゆっくり注入する。所定の量を注入したら、エポキシ樹脂Reの供給を止めて完全に硬化するまで静置する。
7)中空糸膜モジュール作製冶具60を外し、筒状ケース本体部10aからはみ出たエポキシ樹脂を切り落とし、開口端集束部材40bを得る。
8)開口端集束部材40bと対向するように筒状ケース蓋部10bを勘合させて、中空糸膜モジュール1を得る。
図4に記載の中空糸膜モジュール1aを作製した。作成の概略は参考例2と同様であり、相違点について述べる。
・使用する部材として、以下のものを追加する。シール部材42:EPDM製のO-リングであり、整流筒30の外周に勘合する大きさのもの。整流筒30にも、シール部材42を配設するための溝を設けている。
・作製の手順を以下の通り変更する。参考例2の工程2)の後に、整流筒30にシール部材42を配設したのち、工程3)以降の手順どおりに中空糸膜モジュール1aを作製する。
図7に記載のカートリッジ式中空糸膜モジュール2を作製した。作成の概略は参考例2と同様であり、相違点について述べる。
・使用する部材を以下の通り変更する。整流筒31:両端をL字状に折り曲げたものとし、長さを70mmとした。貫通孔の分布については変更無し(参考例2と同様)。使用する部材として、以下のものを追加する。筒状カートリッジヘッド43:ポリスルホン製で、長さ60mm、外径148mmの円筒状。
・作製の手順を以下の通り変更する。参考例2の工程2の後に、中空糸膜束20を筒状カートリッジヘッド43に通し、筒状カートリッジヘッド43が中空糸膜束20を囲繞し、かつ中空糸膜束20の目止め端側の端部と、筒状カートリッジヘッド43の一端を合わせるようにする。これを参考例2の工程5と同様に中空糸膜モジュール作製冶具60を用いて、開口端集束部材40bを有する中空糸膜カートリッジ50を得る。その後、筒状ケース本体部10a内に整流筒31を収めて保持させ、さらにその上から中空糸膜カートリッジ50を収める。中空糸膜カートリッジ50の開口端集束部材40bと対向するように蓋部10bを勘合させて、カートリッジ式中空糸膜モジュール2を得る。
参考例2に記載の手順で図1に記載のような中空糸膜モジュール1を作製し、参考例1に記載の試験を実施した。筒状ケース10と整流筒30との間の開口幅L1は2.5mm、袋路S1の奥行きL2は3.75mmであり、L2/L1=1.5であった。整流筒30の表面の4箇所に予め指標菌含有糸21を配した状態で中空糸膜モジュールを作成しており、壁面通液口12に近い群2本(配備箇所A0,A1)と、壁面通液口12から遠い群2本(配備箇所B0,B1)となるように耐熱性指標菌を配した。
参考例2に記載の手順で図1に記載のような中空糸膜モジュール1を作製し、参考例1に記載の試験を実施した。筒状ケース10と整流筒30との間の開口幅L1は2.5mm、袋路S1の奥行きL2は7.5mmであり、L2/L1=3.0であった。整流筒30の表面の6箇所に予め指標菌含有糸21を配した状態で中空糸膜モジュールを作成しており、壁面通液口12に近い群3本(配備箇所A0,A1,A2)と、壁面通液口12から遠い群3本(配備箇所B0,B1,B2)となるように耐熱性指標菌を配した。
参考例2に記載の手順で図1に記載のような中空糸膜モジュール1を作製し、参考例1に記載の試験を実施した。筒状ケース10と整流筒30との間の開口幅L1は2.5mm、袋路S1の奥行きL2は12.5mmであり、L2/L1=5.0であった。整流筒30の表面の10箇所に予め指標菌含有糸21を配した状態で中空糸膜モジュールを作成しており、壁面通液口12に近い群5本(配備箇所A0,A1,A2,A3,A4)と、壁面通液口12から遠い群5本(配備箇所B0,B1,B2,B3,B4)となるように耐熱性指標菌を配した。
参考例3に記載の手順で図4に記載のような中空糸膜モジュール1aを作製し、参考例1に記載の試験を実施した。筒状ケース10と整流筒30との間の開口幅L1は2.5mm、袋路S2の奥行きL2は12.5mmであり、L2/L1=5.0であった。整流筒30の表面の10箇所と、シール部材42の表面2箇所の計12箇所に予め指標菌含有糸21を配した状態で中空糸膜モジュールを作成しており、壁面通液口12に近い群6本(配備箇所A0,A1,A2,A3,A4,Ax)と壁面通液口12から遠い群6本(配備箇所B0,B1,B2,B3,B4,Bx)となるように耐熱性指標菌を配した。
参考例4に記載の手順で図7に示すようなカートリッジ式の中空糸膜モジュール2を作製し、参考例1に記載の試験を実施した。実施例5では、図9の筒状ケース10と整流筒31との間の開口幅L1は2.5mm、袋路S3の奥行きL2は12.5mmであり、L2/L1=5.0であった。整流筒31の表面の12箇所に予め指標菌含有糸21を配した状態で中空糸膜モジュールを作成しており、壁面通液口12に近い群が6本(配備箇所A0,A1,A2,A3,A4,Ax)、壁面通液口12から遠い群が6本(配備箇所B0,B1,B2,B3,B4,Bx)となるように配した。
参考例2に記載の手順で図1に示すような中空糸膜モジュール1を作製し、参考例1に記載の試験を実施した。比較例1では、例えば図10の筒状ケース10と整流筒30との間の開口幅L1は2.5mm、袋路S1の奥行きL2は17.5mmであり、L2/L1=7.0であった。整流筒30の表面の14箇所に予め指標菌含有糸21を配した状態で中空糸膜モジュールを作成しており、壁面通液口12に近い群が7本(配備箇所A0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6)、壁面通液口12から遠い群が7本(配備箇所B0,B1,B2,B3,B4,B5,B6)となるように配した。
参考例4に記載の手順で図7に示すようなカートリッジ式の中空糸膜モジュール2を作製し、参考例1に記載の試験を実施した。比較例2では、図10の筒状ケース(本体部10a)と整流筒31との間の開口幅L1は2.5mm、袋路S3の奥行きL2は17.5mmであり、L2/L1=7.0であった。整流筒31の表面の16箇所に予め指標菌含有糸21を配した状態で中空糸膜モジュールを作成しており、壁面通液口12に近い群が8本(配備箇所A0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,Ax)、壁面通液口12から遠い群が8本(配備箇所B0,B1,B2,B3,B4,B5,B6,Bx)となるように配した。
10 筒状ケース
10a 本体部
10b 蓋部
11a,11b 通液口
12 筒状ケース壁面通液口(壁面通液口)
13 ノズル
20 中空糸膜束
21 指標菌含有糸
30,31 整流筒
30a,31a 貫通孔
40,400 集束部材
40a 閉塞端集束部材
40b,40c,40d,40e 開口端集束部材
43 筒状カートリッジヘッド
41,42,44 シール部材
50 中空糸膜カートリッジ
60 中空糸膜モジュール作製冶具
S1~S4 袋路
Claims (4)
- 筒状をなし、壁面に壁面通液口を有する筒状ケースと、
複数の中空糸膜からなる中空糸膜束と、
前記中空糸膜束を保持するとともに、前記筒状ケースの内部で保持される集束部材と、
筒状をなし、前記筒状ケースと前記中空糸膜束との間に設けられて前記集束部材と連結し、外周面が前記壁面通液口に対向する整流筒と、
を備え、
前記集束部材、前記筒状ケース、前記整流筒で囲まれてなる第1の袋路が、開口幅L1および奥行きL2についてL2/L1≦5.0を満たすことを特徴とする中空糸膜モジュール。 - 筒状をなし、壁面に壁面通液口を有する筒状ケースと、
少なくとも複数の中空糸膜からなる中空糸膜束、前記中空糸膜束を保持する集束部材、および前記集束部材の外周を保持する筒状カートリッジヘッドを有する中空糸膜カートリッジと、
筒状をなし、前記筒状ケースの内部で保持されるとともに、前記筒状ケースと前記中空糸膜束との間に位置し、外周面が前記壁面通液口に対向する整流筒と、
を備え、
前記筒状ケースおよび前記整流筒で囲まれてなる第1の袋路が、開口幅L1および奥行きL2についてL2/L1≦5.0を満たすことを特徴とする中空糸膜モジュール。 - 前記筒状ケースおよび前記整流筒の間に配設されるシール部材をさらに備え、
前記シール部材、前記筒状ケースおよび前記整流筒によって形成される第2の袋路が、開口幅L1および奥行きL2についてL2/L1≦5.0を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の中空糸膜モジュール。 - 前記集束部材の前記奥行きをなす側の端面は、前記壁面通液口の上端を通過する平面より下方に位置していることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の中空糸膜モジュール。
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JPH0394928U (ja) * | 1990-01-17 | 1991-09-27 | ||
JPH0549873A (ja) * | 1991-08-19 | 1993-03-02 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 中空糸型モジユール |
JPH09220446A (ja) * | 1996-02-15 | 1997-08-26 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 外圧式中空糸膜モジュール |
JP2001269546A (ja) * | 2000-03-28 | 2001-10-02 | Asahi Kasei Corp | ラック式濾過装置 |
WO2008143292A1 (ja) * | 2007-05-22 | 2008-11-27 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation | 中空糸膜モジュールとその製造方法および中空糸膜モジュール組立体とそれらを使用した懸濁水の浄化方法 |
JP2010234198A (ja) * | 2009-03-30 | 2010-10-21 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp | 中空糸膜モジュール及びこれを用いたろ過方法 |
JP2012045453A (ja) * | 2010-08-24 | 2012-03-08 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp | 中空糸膜モジュール、及びろ過方法 |
-
2013
- 2013-03-26 JP JP2013523394A patent/JPWO2013146821A1/ja active Pending
- 2013-03-26 WO PCT/JP2013/058868 patent/WO2013146821A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2013-03-29 TW TW102111482A patent/TW201345593A/zh unknown
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS62190605U (ja) * | 1986-05-22 | 1987-12-04 | ||
JPH0394928U (ja) * | 1990-01-17 | 1991-09-27 | ||
JPH0549873A (ja) * | 1991-08-19 | 1993-03-02 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 中空糸型モジユール |
JPH09220446A (ja) * | 1996-02-15 | 1997-08-26 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 外圧式中空糸膜モジュール |
JP2001269546A (ja) * | 2000-03-28 | 2001-10-02 | Asahi Kasei Corp | ラック式濾過装置 |
WO2008143292A1 (ja) * | 2007-05-22 | 2008-11-27 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation | 中空糸膜モジュールとその製造方法および中空糸膜モジュール組立体とそれらを使用した懸濁水の浄化方法 |
JP2010234198A (ja) * | 2009-03-30 | 2010-10-21 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp | 中空糸膜モジュール及びこれを用いたろ過方法 |
JP2012045453A (ja) * | 2010-08-24 | 2012-03-08 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp | 中空糸膜モジュール、及びろ過方法 |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2018171553A (ja) * | 2017-03-31 | 2018-11-08 | ダイセン・メンブレン・システムズ株式会社 | 水処理方法 |
EP4117805A4 (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2024-06-05 | Watersep Bioseparations LLC | PERFUSION FILTRATION SYSTEMS |
CN114425240A (zh) * | 2020-10-29 | 2022-05-03 | 旭化成株式会社 | 外压式中空纤维膜组件及其制造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPWO2013146821A1 (ja) | 2015-12-14 |
TW201345593A (zh) | 2013-11-16 |
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