WO2013145411A1 - スピーカー - Google Patents
スピーカー Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013145411A1 WO2013145411A1 PCT/JP2012/078858 JP2012078858W WO2013145411A1 WO 2013145411 A1 WO2013145411 A1 WO 2013145411A1 JP 2012078858 W JP2012078858 W JP 2012078858W WO 2013145411 A1 WO2013145411 A1 WO 2013145411A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electrode layer
- speaker
- pair
- interposed
- film assembly
- Prior art date
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R19/00—Electrostatic transducers
- H04R19/02—Loudspeakers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
- H04R7/06—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrostatic speaker that reproduces sound by vibrating a vibrating portion based on a change in electrostatic attraction.
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 disclose electrostatic speakers.
- the electrostatic speaker includes a vibration unit.
- the vibration part includes a dielectric layer and a pair of electrode layers.
- the pair of electrode layers is disposed on both the front and back surfaces of the dielectric layer.
- the present inventor has studied to improve the low frequency characteristics of an electrostatic speaker. Specifically, studies were made on (a) increasing the amplitude of the dielectric layer, that is, the vibration part, and (b) increasing the surface area of the dielectric layer, that is, the vibration part.
- the amplitude of the vibration part can be increased by increasing the mass of the vibration part (for example, by increasing the thickness of the dielectric layer).
- the mass of the vibration part for example, by increasing the thickness of the dielectric layer.
- the surface area of the vibration part can be increased by enlarging the vibration part.
- the speaker is naturally enlarged.
- the speaker of the present invention has been completed in view of the above problems. It is an object of the present invention to provide a speaker that has a small applied voltage, can be miniaturized, and can improve low-frequency characteristics.
- a speaker according to the present invention includes an insulating dielectric layer made of elastomer or resin, a front electrode layer disposed on the front side of the dielectric layer and having conductivity, and the dielectric layer.
- a pair of front and back vibrating parts disposed on the back side of the layer and having conductivity, and a pair of vibrating parts protruding so that the vibrating part on the front side protrudes on the front side and the vibrating part on the back side protrudes on the back side.
- the base material of the dielectric layer is made of elastomer or resin. That is, the dielectric layer may contain other components such as additives in addition to the elastomer or the resin.
- “Elastomer” includes rubber and thermoplastic elastomer.
- the speaker of the present invention is an electrostatic speaker.
- the dielectric layer expands and contracts in the front and back direction.
- the dielectric layer contracts in the surface direction (direction intersecting the front and back direction).
- the dielectric layer contracts in the front-back direction.
- the speaker of the present invention vibrates the vibration part and reproduces sound.
- the speaker according to the present invention includes a pair of vibration parts, an interposed member, and a circuit part.
- the intervention member is interposed between the pair of vibration units.
- the circuit unit transmits signal waves based on sound to the pair of vibration units so as to be in opposite phases to each other. For this reason, a pair of vibration part performs operation
- the load can be transmitted between the pair of vibration parts via the interposition member. For this reason, the vibration of the front-back direction of a pair of vibration part can be enlarged. Therefore, the amplitude of the pair of vibrating parts can be increased. Therefore, although the applied voltage with respect to a pair of vibration part is small, the low frequency characteristic of a speaker can be improved. For example, the sound pressure in the low frequency region can be improved. In addition, the reproducible frequency region can be extended to the low frequency side. Further, the speaker of the present invention can be miniaturized despite its high low frequency characteristics.
- the front side electrode layer and the back side electrode layer are coated with an electrode material that is a raw material of the front side electrode layer and the back side electrode layer on the dielectric layer. It is better to have a configuration formed by this. According to this structure, formation of a front side electrode layer and a back side electrode layer, and arrangement
- the front electrode layer and the back electrode layer are preferably bonded to the dielectric layer. According to this configuration, the front electrode layer and the back electrode layer can be firmly fixed to the dielectric layer.
- the spring constant in the front and back direction of the interposed member is preferably larger than the spring constant in the surface direction of the interposed member.
- the intervention member is difficult to expand and contract in the front and back direction. For this reason, the transmission loss of the load between a pair of vibration parts can be made small.
- an interposed member tends to deform
- the circuit unit is configured to have the front electrode layer of the vibration unit on the front side and the back electrode layer of the vibration unit on the back side.
- the bias waves having the same polarity and the signal waves having opposite phases are applied in a superimposed manner, and the back electrode layer of the vibration part on the front side and the front electrode layer of the vibration part on the back side are grounded. It is better to have a configuration. According to this configuration, the pair of vibrating parts can be easily operated in the opposite directions.
- the vibration part is disposed on the front side of the front electrode layer and has an insulating front side shield layer made of elastomer and the back side. It is better to have a configuration that is disposed on the back side of the electrode layer and has an insulating back side shield layer made of elastomer. According to this structure, it is easy to ensure the insulation of a vibration part.
- the vibration section is configured so that the front shield layer, the front electrode layer, the dielectric layer, the back electrode layer, It is better to be a film assembly in which the back shield layer is laminated. According to this configuration, the front shield layer, the front electrode layer, the dielectric layer, the back electrode layer, and the back shield layer are integrated. For this reason, the assembly work of a speaker is easy.
- the front side frame member disposed on the front side of the film assembly on the front side, and the back side frame member disposed on the back side of the film assembly on the back side are preferably configured such that the front side film assembly and the back side film assembly are sandwiched and fixed from the front and back sides.
- Each of the pair of film assemblies includes a fixed portion (a portion fixed to the front side frame member and the back side frame member), an in-frame portion (a portion disposed in the frame of the front side frame member and the back side frame member), have.
- a hinge fulcrum a fulcrum when the in-frame part vibrates
- the pair of film assemblies includes a fixed portion fixed to the front side frame member and the back side frame member, and the front side frame member and the back side, respectively.
- a frame inner portion disposed in the frame of the frame member, and a hinge fulcrum is disposed at a boundary between the fixed portion and the inner portion of the frame, and the interposition member includes the front side frame. It is arranged within the frame of the member and the back side frame member, and the edge member having higher rigidity than the interposed member is arranged between the hinge fulcrum and the interposed member. Good.
- the film assembly can be largely vibrated based on the hinge fulcrum. For this reason, the amplitude of the pair of film assemblies can be increased.
- the front side frame member and the back side frame member each preferably have a pair of opposing sides facing each other in the surface direction.
- the film assembly can be largely vibrated based on the hinge fulcrum. For this reason, the amplitude of the pair of film assemblies can be increased.
- the interposition member has a plurality of interposition bodies stacked in a front-back direction, and the plurality of interposition bodies It is better that at least two of the interposed bodies have different spring constants in the front and back directions.
- the intervention member can be entirely pressed against the vibration portion by the elastic force of the intervention body having a small spring constant in the front and back directions. For this reason, a vibration part can be vibrated uniformly over the whole surface. Therefore, the phase of the vibration wave is unlikely to vary over the entire surface of the vibration part. Moreover, according to this structure, the transmission loss of the load between a pair of vibration parts can be made small by the elastic force of the interposed body with a large spring constant in the front and back directions.
- the plurality of interposition bodies are a pair of inner interposition bodies and a pair of front and back vibration parts that are stacked on both sides of the inner interposition bodies. It is better that the inner interposed body has a larger spring constant in the front and back direction than the outer interposed body.
- an interposition member can be entirely pressed against a vibration part by an outer interposition body.
- the inner interposed body is made of a foam material (for example, polystyrene foam), and the outer interposed body is a sponge material (for example, urethane foam). It is better to have a configuration that is manufactured.
- a foam material for example, polystyrene foam
- a sponge material for example, urethane foam
- the intervention member can be reduced in weight.
- the outer interposing body made of sponge material is porous.
- the outer interposed body has a small contact area with respect to the vibration part. Therefore, according to this configuration, the frictional resistance between the vibration part and the outer interposed body is reduced. Therefore, the outer interposed body is unlikely to inhibit the expansion and contraction in the surface direction of the vibration part.
- the plurality of interposition bodies are a pair of inner interposition bodies and a pair of front and back vibrating portions that are stacked on both sides of the inner interposition bodies. It is preferable that the inner interposed body has a smaller spring constant in the front and back direction than the outer interposed body.
- the transmission loss of the load between the pair of vibrating parts can be reduced by the outer interposed body.
- the interposition member can be entirely pressed against the vibrating portion by the inner interposition body.
- the inner interposed body is made of a sponge material (for example, urethane foam), and the outer interposed body is a foam material (for example, expanded polystyrene). It is better to have a configuration that is manufactured. According to this configuration, the interposed member can be reduced in weight.
- a sponge material for example, urethane foam
- a foam material for example, expanded polystyrene
- a lubricant for example, grease
- the frictional resistance between the vibrating part and the outer interposed body is reduced. For this reason, it is difficult for the outer intervening body to inhibit the expansion and contraction in the surface direction of the vibration part.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a speaker that has a small applied voltage, can be miniaturized, and can improve low-frequency characteristics.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the speaker of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view in the II-II direction of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view in the III-III direction of FIG.
- FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the speaker.
- FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the film assembly in front of the speaker.
- FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the film assembly behind the speaker.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the speaker.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the interposing member of the speaker of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a front-rear direction cross-sectional view of the speaker of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is an enlarged view in a circle X of FIG.
- FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the speaker of the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the speaker of the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is
- FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the speaker of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view in the II-II direction of FIG.
- FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view in the III-III direction of FIG.
- FIG. 4 shows an exploded perspective view of the speaker.
- the speaker 1 of this embodiment includes a front film assembly 2, a rear film assembly 3, an interposition member 4, a circuit portion (not shown), and a front side frame member 6.
- a back frame member 7 a first outer electrode layer terminal 80, a nut 81, a second outer electrode layer terminal 82, a nut 83, an inner electrode layer terminal 84, a nut 85, and four pieces.
- Bolt 86 and four nuts 87 are provided.
- the front frame member 6 is made of resin and has a rectangular frame shape.
- the front side frame member 6 includes opposing sides 60L, 60R, 61U, 61D.
- the opposing sides 60L, 60R, 61U, 61D each have a linear shape.
- the facing side 60L and the facing side 60R face each other in the left-right direction.
- the facing side 61U and the facing side 61D face each other in the vertical direction.
- the front film assembly 2 has a five-layered rectangular film shape, as will be described later.
- the film assembly 2 is disposed behind the front side frame member 6.
- the film assembly 2 protrudes forward by an interposition member 4 described later. That is, the film assembly 2 has a convex shape that swells forward.
- the interposed member 4 is made of urethane foam and has a rectangular plate shape.
- the interposed member 4 is disposed behind the film assembly 2.
- the interposed member 4 is disposed in a state compressed from the front-rear direction. For this reason, the interposition member 4 elastically presses the film assembly 2 forward and the film assembly 3 backward.
- the rear film assembly 3 has a five-layered rectangular film shape as described later.
- the film assembly 3 is disposed behind the interposed member 4.
- the film assembly 3 protrudes rearward by the interposition member 4. That is, the film assembly 3 has a convex shape that swells rearward.
- the configuration of the back frame member 7 is the same as the configuration of the front frame member 6. That is, the back side frame member 7 is provided with opposing sides 70L, 70R, 71U, 71D. The back frame member 7 is disposed behind the film assembly 3.
- the front side frame member 6, the film assembly 2, the interposition member 4, the film assembly 3, and the back side frame member 7 are arranged in this order from the front to the rear (hereinafter referred to as these). These members are collectively referred to as a “laminate”.)
- the four bolts 86 are arranged at the four corners of the laminate.
- the four bolts 86 penetrate the laminated body in the front-rear direction.
- Nuts 87 are fastened to the rear ends of the four bolts 86, respectively.
- the laminated body is integrated by four bolts 86 and four nuts 87.
- the first outer electrode layer terminal 80 is made of metal and has a bolt shape.
- the first outer electrode layer terminal 80 is disposed at the center in the vertical direction on the left side of the multilayer body.
- the first outer electrode layer terminal 80 penetrates the laminate in the front-rear direction.
- a nut 81 is fastened to the rear end of the first outer electrode layer terminal 80.
- the second outer electrode layer terminal 82 is made of metal and has a bolt shape.
- the second outer electrode layer terminal 82 is disposed at the center in the vertical direction on the right side of the multilayer body.
- the second outer electrode layer terminal 82 penetrates the laminate in the front-rear direction.
- a nut 83 is fixed to the rear end of the second outer electrode layer terminal 82.
- the inner electrode layer terminal 84 is made of metal and has a bolt shape.
- the inner electrode layer terminal 84 is disposed at the center in the left-right direction of the upper side of the multilayer body.
- the inner electrode layer terminal 84 penetrates the laminate in the front-rear direction.
- a nut 85 is fixed to the rear end of the inner electrode layer terminal 84.
- the four sides of the film assemblies 2 and 3 are sandwiched and fixed from the front and rear directions by the front side frame member 6 and the back side frame member 7. Further, the intervention member 4 is accommodated in the frame of the front side frame member 6 and the back side frame member 7 when viewed from the front or the rear.
- FIG. 5 shows an exploded perspective view of the film assembly in front of the speaker of this embodiment.
- the film assembly 2 includes a dielectric layer 20, a front electrode layer 21, a back electrode layer 22, a front shield layer 23, and a back shield layer 24.
- the front shield layer 23 and the back shield layer 24 are each made of H-NBR (hydrogenated nitrile rubber).
- the front side electrode layer 21 and the back side electrode layer 22 are each made of an electrode material in which an acrylic rubber is filled with carbon powder.
- the dielectric layer 20 is made of H-NBR.
- the front-side electrode layer 21 and the back-side electrode layer 22 are formed by applying a paint containing an electrode material to the dielectric layer 20 (for example, screen printing).
- FIG. 5 shows the sizes of the front shield layer 23, the dielectric layer 20, and the back shield layer 24 by dotted lines. As shown in FIG. 5, the front-side electrode layer 21 and the back-side electrode layer 22 are smaller than the front-side shield layer 23, the dielectric layer 20, and the back-side shield layer 24.
- the upper side, the lower side, and the right side of the front-side electrode layer 21 are not sandwiched and fixed from the front-rear direction by the front-side frame member 6 and the back-side frame member 7 shown in FIG.
- the left side of the front-side electrode layer 21 is sandwiched and fixed from the front-rear direction by the front-side frame member 6 and the back-side frame member 7 shown in FIG.
- the first outer electrode layer terminal 80 passes through the left side of the front electrode layer 21.
- the front electrode layer 21 is electrically connected to the first outer electrode layer terminal 80.
- the left side, the lower side, and the right side of the back side electrode layer 22 are not sandwiched and fixed by the front side frame member 6 and the back side frame member 7 shown in FIG.
- the upper side of the back-side electrode layer 22 is sandwiched and fixed from the front-rear direction by the front-side frame member 6 and the back-side frame member 7 shown in FIG.
- an inner electrode layer terminal 84 passes through the upper side of the back electrode layer 22.
- the back electrode layer 22 is electrically connected to the inner electrode layer terminal 84.
- FIG. 6 shows an exploded perspective view of the film assembly behind the speaker of this embodiment.
- the film assembly 3 includes a dielectric layer 30, a front electrode layer 31, a back electrode layer 32, a front shield layer 33, and a back shield layer 34.
- the front shield layer 33 and the back shield layer 34 are each made of H-NBR.
- the front electrode layer 31 and the back electrode layer 32 are each made of an electrode material in which an acrylic rubber is filled with carbon powder.
- the dielectric layer 30 is made of H-NBR.
- the front-side electrode layer 31 and the back-side electrode layer 32 are formed by applying a paint containing an electrode material to the dielectric layer 30 (for example, screen printing).
- FIG. 6 shows the sizes of the front shield layer 33, the dielectric layer 30, and the back shield layer 34 by dotted lines. As shown in FIG. 6, the front side electrode layer 31 and the back side electrode layer 32 are smaller than the front side shield layer 33, the dielectric layer 30, and the back side shield layer 34.
- the left side, the lower side, and the right side of the front electrode layer 31 are not sandwiched and fixed by the front frame member 6 and the back frame member 7 shown in FIG.
- the upper side of the front-side electrode layer 31 is sandwiched and fixed from the front-rear direction by the front-side frame member 6 and the back-side frame member 7 shown in FIG.
- an inner electrode layer terminal 84 passes through the upper side of the front electrode layer 31.
- the front electrode layer 31 is electrically connected to the inner electrode layer terminal 84.
- the upper side, the lower side, and the left side of the back side electrode layer 32 are not sandwiched and fixed by the front side frame member 6 and the back side frame member 7 shown in FIG.
- the right side of the back-side electrode layer 32 is sandwiched and fixed from the front-rear direction by the front-side frame member 6 and the back-side frame member 7 shown in FIG.
- a second outer electrode layer terminal 82 passes through the right side of the back electrode layer 32.
- the back electrode layer 32 is electrically connected to the second outer electrode layer terminal 82.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the speaker of this embodiment.
- a laminated body is shown typically.
- the circuit unit 5 includes two AC power sources 50 a and 50 b, a DC bias power source 51, and a switch 53.
- the two AC power supplies 50a and 50b apply an AC voltage, that is, a signal wave based on the sound to be reproduced, to the pair of film assemblies 2 and 3.
- the AC power supply 50a is electrically connected to the first outer electrode layer terminal 80 (that is, the front electrode layer 21 of the film assembly 2).
- the AC power supply 50b is electrically connected to the second outer electrode layer terminal 82 (that is, the back electrode layer 32 of the film assembly 3).
- the phase of the signal wave of the AC power supply 50a is opposite to the phase of the signal wave of the AC power supply 50b.
- the inner electrode layer terminal 84 (that is, the back electrode layer 22 of the film assembly 2 and the front electrode layer 31 of the film assembly 3) is grounded via the switch 53.
- the DC bias power source 51 is disposed between the switch 53 and the two AC power sources 50a and 50b.
- the DC bias power source 51 and the AC power source 50a apply the positive bias voltage and the signal wave to the film assembly 2 in a superimposed manner.
- the DC bias power supply 51 and the AC power supply 50b apply a positive bias voltage and a signal wave to the film assembly 3 in a superimposed manner.
- the switch 53 In the bias voltage application state, the switch 53 is closed. For this reason, the bias voltage Vb is applied to the pair of film assemblies 2 and 3, respectively.
- the bias voltage Vb When the bias voltage Vb is applied, an electrostatic attractive force is generated between the front electrode layer 21 and the back electrode layer 22 of the film assembly 2.
- the dielectric layer 20 contracts in the front-rear direction. Further, the dielectric layer 20 extends in the plane direction (a direction orthogonal to the front-rear direction).
- the dielectric layer 30 of the film assembly 3 contracts in the front-rear direction. In addition, the dielectric layer 30 extends in the plane direction (direction orthogonal to the front-rear direction).
- the dielectric layer 20 extends in the surface direction. That is, the tension of the dielectric layer 20 and the film assembly 2 is reduced. In other words, the film assembly 2 is loosened.
- a load is applied to the interposed member 4 from the film assembly 3 in the direction from the rear to the front. With this load, the film assembly 2 protrudes further forward while consuming the slack. That is, the forward protrusion amount of the film assembly 2 is increased.
- the pair of film assemblies 2 and 3 vibrate greatly from the rear to the front.
- the audio reproduction state ⁇ signal waves having opposite phases are transmitted to the film assembly 2 and the film assembly 3.
- the waveform of the signal wave is reversed as compared with the audio reproduction state ⁇ .
- the movement of the film assembly 2 in the sound reproduction state ⁇ is the same as the movement of the film assembly 3 in the sound reproduction state ⁇ .
- the movement of the film assembly 3 in the sound reproduction state ⁇ is the same as the movement of the film assembly 2 in the sound reproduction state ⁇ .
- the pair of film assemblies 2 and 3 vibrate greatly from the front to the rear.
- the speaker 1 of this embodiment includes a pair of film assemblies 2 and 3, an interposition member 4, and a circuit unit 5.
- the interposed member 4 is interposed between the pair of film assemblies 2 and 3.
- the circuit unit 5 transmits signal waves based on sound to the pair of film assemblies 2 and 3 so as to be in opposite phases to each other. For this reason, a pair of film assemblies 2 and 3 operate in directions opposite to each other. For example, when the rear film assembly 3 contracts in the surface direction, the front film assembly 2 extends in the surface direction. Conversely, when the front film assembly 2 contracts in the surface direction, the rear film assembly 3 extends in the surface direction.
- a load can be transmitted between the pair of film assemblies 2 and 3 via the interposing member 4. For this reason, the vibration in the front-rear direction of the pair of film assemblies 2 and 3 can be increased. Therefore, the amplitude of the pair of film assemblies 2 and 3 can be increased. Therefore, although the applied voltage with respect to a pair of film assemblies 2 and 3 is small, the low frequency characteristic of the speaker 1 can be improved. For example, the sound pressure in the low frequency region can be improved. In addition, the reproducible frequency region can be extended to the low frequency side. Further, the speaker 1 of the present embodiment can be miniaturized despite its high low frequency characteristics. Further, the speaker 1 of the present embodiment has a short length in the front-rear direction.
- the speaker 1 of this embodiment is flexible. For this reason, the speaker 1 of this embodiment has a high freedom degree of installation. Therefore, for example, it can be easily arranged on a vehicle seat (seat surface, backrest, headrest, etc.), a panel (instrument panel, door trim, ceiling, etc.) exposed in the passenger compartment.
- a cushion made of urethane foam is used for cushioning. For this reason, the material (urethane foam) can be shared by the interposed member 4 and the sheet.
- the front-side electrode layers 21 and 31 and the back-side electrode layers 22 and 32 are formed by applying a paint containing an electrode material to the dielectric layers 20 and 30. For this reason, formation of front side electrode layers 21 and 31 and back side electrode layers 22 and 32 and arrangement of front side electrode layers 21 and 31 and back side electrode layers 22 and 32 can be performed simultaneously.
- the interposition member 4 is disposed between the pair of film assemblies 2 and 3 in a state compressed from the front-rear direction.
- the spring constant in the front-rear direction of the interposed member 4 is larger than the spring constant in the surface direction of the interposed member 4. Therefore, the intervention member 4 is difficult to expand and contract in the front-rear direction. For this reason, the transmission loss of the load between the pair of film assemblies 2 and 3 can be reduced.
- the interposed member 4 is easy to deform
- the film assemblies 2 and 3 have the front shield layers 23 and 33 and the back shield layers 24 and 34.
- the front shield layers 23 and 33 and the back shield layers 24 and 34 have insulation properties. For this reason, according to the speaker 1 of this embodiment, it is easy to ensure the insulation of the film assemblies 2 and 3.
- the film assemblies 2 and 3 include the front shield layers 23 and 33 and the front electrode layers 21 and 31 from the front side to the back side.
- the dielectric layers 20 and 30, the back electrode layers 22 and 32, and the back shield layers 24 and 34 are laminated and integrated. For this reason, the assembly work of the speaker 1 is simple.
- the film assembly 2 and the film assembly 3 are sandwiched and fixed from the front-rear direction by the front-side frame member 6 and the back-side frame member 7.
- the intervention member 4 is disposed in the frame of the front side frame member 6 and the back side frame member 7. That is, the interposition member 4 is indirectly sandwiched between the front side frame member 6 and the back side frame member 7 via the pair of film assemblies 2 and 3. For this reason, the operation of the intervention member 4 is not easily restrained by the front side frame member 6 and the back side frame member 7. Therefore, the amplitude of the pair of film assemblies 2 and 3 can be increased.
- the pair of film assemblies 2 and 3 are fixed to the fixed portion P ⁇ b> 1 (the front side frame member 6 and the back side frame member 7), respectively.
- Part and an in-frame part P2 (parts arranged in the frame of the front side frame member 6 and the back side frame member 7).
- a hinge fulcrum can be arranged at the boundary between the fixed part P1 and the in-frame part P2.
- the front side frame member 6 and the back side frame member 7 are each a pair of opposing sides 60L, 60R, 61U, 61D, and 70L that face each other in the surface direction. , 70R, 71U, 71D.
- the film assemblies 2 and 3 can be vibrated largely on the basis of the hinge fulcrum. Therefore, the amplitude of the pair of film assemblies 2 and 3 can be increased.
- the circuit unit 5 applies the signal wave and the positive bias voltage superimposed on the front electrode layer 21 of the front film assembly 2. . Further, the circuit unit 5 applies a signal wave and a positive bias voltage superimposed on the back side electrode layer 32 of the rear film assembly 3. Further, the back electrode layer 22 of the front film assembly 2 and the front electrode layer 31 of the rear film assembly 3 are grounded. Therefore, the pair of film assemblies 2 and 3 can be easily operated in the opposite directions.
- the speaker installation space often has a rectangular shape.
- the speaker has a perfect circle shape, if the speakers are arranged in a square speaker installation space, dead spaces are likely to occur at the four corners.
- the speaker 1 of the present embodiment has a rectangular shape. For this reason, even if the speaker 1 is arranged in a rectangular speaker installation space, a dead space is hardly generated in the speaker installation space.
- the film assembly 2 protrudes forward and the film assembly 3 protrudes rearward. That is, the pair of film assemblies 2 and 3 has a double-sided convex lens shape.
- the film assemblies 2 and 3 are not stretched in the direction from the radially outer side toward the radial center. Even in the audio reproduction state, the film assemblies 2 and 3 are hardly stretched excessively in the direction from the radially outer side toward the radial center.
- the durability of the film assemblies 2, 3 and thus the speaker 1 can be improved.
- a diaphragm is unnecessary. For this reason, weight reduction is possible. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently convert the audio signal.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the interposing member of the speaker according to the present embodiment. In addition, about the site
- the intervention member 4 is made of paper and has a rectangular plate shape.
- a number of hexagonal holes 40 are formed in the interposed member 4.
- a large number of holes 40 penetrate the interposition member 4 in the front-rear direction.
- the many holes 40 are regularly arranged in the left-right direction and the up-down direction.
- the hole wall between a pair of adjacent holes 40 is easily elastically deformed in the left-right direction and the up-down direction. For this reason, the intervention member 4 is easy to expand and contract in the left-right direction and the up-down direction. That is, the spring constants in the surface direction of the interposed member 4 (the spring constant K2 in the left-right direction and the spring constant K3 in the up-down direction) are small.
- the hole wall between a pair of adjacent holes 40 is hardly elastically deformed in the front-rear direction.
- the intervention member 4 is easy to expand and contract in the front-rear direction. That is, the spring constant K1 in the front-rear direction of the interposed member 4 is large.
- the speaker according to the present embodiment and the speaker according to the first embodiment have the same functions and effects with respect to the parts having the same configuration.
- the spring constant K1 in the front-rear direction of the interposed member 4 is greater than the spring constant in the surface direction of the interposed member 4 (the spring constant K2 in the left-right direction and the spring constant K3 in the vertical direction). large. Therefore, the transmission loss of the load between the pair of film assemblies can be reduced.
- the interposed member 4 is easy to deform
- FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional view in the front-rear direction of the speaker of this embodiment.
- part corresponding to FIG. 2 it shows with the same code
- the edge member 41 is arrange
- the edge member 41 is made of resin and has a triangular prism shape with the apex facing outward.
- the edge member 41 has higher rigidity than the interposition member 4 and the film assemblies 2 and 3.
- FIG. 10 shows an enlarged view in a circle X of FIG.
- a hinge fulcrum H is set at the boundary between the fixed portion P1 and the in-frame portion P2.
- the hinge fulcrum H is a fulcrum when the in-frame portion P2 vibrates.
- the vertex of the edge member 41 is disposed at the hinge fulcrum H.
- the speaker 1 according to the present embodiment and the speaker according to the first embodiment have the same operational effects with respect to the parts having the same configuration.
- the vertex of the edge member 41 is disposed at the hinge fulcrum H.
- the hinge fulcrum H is difficult to shift. That is, when the in-frame portion P2 vibrates, the fulcrum is difficult to shift. Therefore, the film assemblies 2 and 3 can be vibrated greatly. Therefore, the amplitude of the pair of film assemblies 2 and 3 can be increased.
- FIG. 11 shows a vertical sectional view of the speaker of the present embodiment.
- part corresponding to FIG. 2 it shows with the same code
- the intervention member 4 includes an inner intervention body 42 and a pair of outer intervention bodies 43 and 44.
- the inner interposed body 42 is made of polystyrene foam and has a rectangular plate shape.
- the outer interposed bodies 43 and 44 are each made of urethane foam and have a rectangular plate shape.
- the outer interposed body 43 is stacked in front of the inner interposed body 42.
- the outer interposed body 44 is stacked behind the inner interposed body 42.
- the inner interposed body 42 has a larger spring constant in the front-rear direction than the outer interposed bodies 43 and 44.
- the inner interposed body 42 has a larger spring constant in the vertical and horizontal directions than the outer interposed bodies 43 and 44.
- the density of the inner interposed body 42 is equal to or lower than the density of the outer interposed bodies 43 and 44.
- the thickness T1 of the inner interposed body 42 is thicker than the thickness T2 of the outer interposed bodies 43 and 44.
- the speaker 1 according to the present embodiment and the speaker according to the first embodiment have the same operational effects with respect to the parts having the same configuration.
- the interposing member 4 can be entirely pressed against the film assemblies 2 and 3 by the elastic force of the soft outer interposing bodies 43 and 44.
- the film assemblies 2 and 3 can be vibrated uniformly over the entire surface. Therefore, the phase of the vibration wave is unlikely to vary over the entire surface of the film assemblies 2 and 3.
- the load transmission loss between the pair of film assemblies 2 and 3 can be reduced by the elastic force of the hard inner interposed body 42.
- the inner interposed body 42 is made of foamed polystyrene.
- the outer interposed bodies 43 and 44 are made of urethane foam.
- the interposed member 4 can be reduced in weight. Therefore, the load transmission loss between the pair of film assemblies 2 and 3 can be reduced.
- the outer interposed bodies 43 and 44 made of urethane foam are porous. For this reason, the outer interposition bodies 43 and 44 have a small contact area with the film assemblies 2 and 3. Accordingly, the frictional resistance between the film assemblies 2 and 3 and the outer interposed bodies 43 and 44 is reduced. Therefore, the outer interposed bodies 43 and 44 are unlikely to inhibit the vertical and horizontal expansion and contraction of the film assemblies 2 and 3.
- the thickness T1 of the hard inner interposed body 42 is thicker than the thickness T2 of the soft outer interposed bodies 43 and 44. For this reason, the transmission loss of the load between the pair of film assemblies 2 and 3 can be reduced.
- FIG. 12 is a vertical sectional view of the speaker of this embodiment.
- part corresponding to FIG. 2 it shows with the same code
- the intervention member 4 includes an inner intervention body 42 and a pair of outer intervention bodies 43 and 44.
- the inner interposed body 42 is made of urethane foam and has a rectangular plate shape.
- the outer interposed bodies 43 and 44 are each made of polystyrene foam and have a rectangular plate shape.
- the outer interposed body 43 is stacked in front of the inner interposed body 42. As shown by a thick line, grease G is applied to the front surface (outer surface) of the outer interposed body 43.
- the outer interposed body 44 is stacked behind the inner interposed body 42. As shown by a thick line, grease G is applied to the rear surface (outer surface) of the outer interposed body 44.
- the inner interposed body 42 has a smaller spring constant in the front-rear direction than the outer interposed bodies 43 and 44.
- the inner interposed body 42 has smaller spring constants in the vertical and horizontal directions than the outer interposed bodies 43 and 44.
- the density of the outer interposed members 43 and 44 is equal to or lower than the density of the inner interposed member 42.
- the thickness T2 of the outer interposed bodies 43 and 44 is thicker than the thickness T1 of the inner interposed body 42.
- the speaker 1 according to the present embodiment and the speaker according to the first embodiment have the same operational effects with respect to the parts having the same configuration.
- the interposition member 4 can be entirely pressed against the film assemblies 2 and 3 by the elastic force of the soft inner interposition body 42.
- the film assemblies 2 and 3 can be vibrated uniformly over the entire surface. Therefore, the phase of the vibration wave is unlikely to vary over the entire surface of the film assemblies 2 and 3.
- the load transmission loss between the pair of film assemblies 2 and 3 can be reduced by the elastic force of the hard outer interposed bodies 43 and 44.
- the outer interposed bodies 43 and 44 are made of foamed polystyrene. Further, the inner interposed body 42 is made of urethane foam. For this reason, the interposed member 4 can be reduced in weight. Therefore, the load transmission loss between the pair of film assemblies 2 and 3 can be reduced.
- the wall thickness T2 of the hard outer interposed bodies 43 and 44 is thicker than the wall thickness T1 of the soft inner interposed body 42. For this reason, the transmission loss of the load between the pair of film assemblies 2 and 3 can be reduced.
- the grease G is applied to the front surface of the outer interposed body 43 and the rear surface of the outer interposed body 44. For this reason, the frictional resistance between the outer interposed body 43 and the back shield layer 24 is reduced. In addition, the frictional resistance between the outer interposed body 44 and the front shield layer 33 is reduced. Therefore, the outer interposed bodies 43 and 44 are unlikely to inhibit the vertical and horizontal expansion and contraction of the film assemblies 2 and 3.
- the speaker 1 is arranged so that the front and back direction of the speaker 1 is the front-rear direction.
- the arrangement direction of the speaker 1 is not particularly limited.
- the speaker 1 may be arranged so that the front and back direction of the speaker 1 is the left-right direction or the vertical direction.
- the structure, material, etc. of the intervening member 4 are not particularly limited.
- a solid body, a porous body (for example, a sponge material), a foamed body (for example, a foam material), a hollow body, or the like may be used.
- the inside may be filled with gas, liquid, or the like.
- the shape of the cross section in the axial direction of the hole 40 is not particularly limited. It may be one or more shapes selected from a true circle, an ellipse, an oval, and a polygon (triangle, quadrangle, pentagon, heptagon, etc.).
- the shape of the speaker 1 viewed from the front or rear is not particularly limited.
- the manufacturing method of the interposing member 4 is not particularly limited. That is, any of polystyrene foam (expanded polystyrene, EPS), polystyrene paper (polystyrene, PSP), and extruded polystyrene (expanded polystyrene, XPS) can be used as the interposing member 4.
- polystyrene foam expanded polystyrene, EPS
- polystyrene paper polystyrene, PSP
- extruded polystyrene expanded polystyrene
- the number of repeated laminations of “front electrode layers 21 and 31, dielectric layers 20 and 30, back electrode layers 22 and 32” is not particularly limited.
- the amplitude of the pair of film assemblies 2 and 3 can be increased.
- the arrangement method of the front side electrode layers 21 and 31 and the back side electrode layers 22 and 32 with respect to the dielectric layers 20 and 30 is not particularly limited.
- the front-side electrode layers 21 and 31 and the back-side electrode layers 22 and 32 that are produced separately from the dielectric layers 20 and 30 may be bonded to the dielectric layers 20 and 30.
- the front electrode layers 21 and 31 and the back electrode layers 22 and 32 can be firmly fixed to the dielectric layers 20 and 30.
- the front electrode layers 21 and 31 may be applied or adhered to the back surfaces of the front shield layers 23 and 33.
- the back side electrode layers 22 and 32 may be applied or adhered to the surface of the back side shield layers 24 and 34.
- the configuration of the circuit unit 5 is not particularly limited.
- the DC bias power supply 51 dedicated to the AC power supply 50a and the DC bias power supply 51 dedicated to the AC power supply 50b may be separately disposed. Further, the DC bias power supply 51 may be disposed between the AC power supply 50 a and the first outer electrode layer terminal 80. In addition, the DC bias power supply 51 may be disposed between the AC power supply 50 b and the second outer electrode layer terminal 82.
- the method of applying AC voltages (signal waves) having opposite phases to the pair of film assemblies 2 and 3 from the two AC power sources 50a and 50b is not particularly limited.
- the AC power supply 50b may be omitted by arranging one AC power supply 50a and a phase inversion circuit.
- a signal wave based on the phase of the live sound may be applied from the AC power supply 50a to the film assembly 2, and a signal wave with the phase of the signal wave reversed may be applied from the AC power supply 50b to the film assembly 3.
- a signal wave based on the phase of the live sound may be applied from the AC power supply 50b to the film assembly 3, and a signal wave with the phase of the signal wave reversed may be applied from the AC power supply 50a to the film assembly 2.
- the form in which the grease G is applied to the front surface of the outer interposed body 43 and the rear surface of the outer interposed body 44 is shown, but a form in which the grease G is not applied may be used.
- the material of the dielectric layers 20 and 30 is not particularly limited. It may be made of elastomer or resin. For example, it is preferable to use an elastomer having a high dielectric constant. Specifically, an elastomer having a relative dielectric constant (100 Hz) at room temperature of 2 or more, and more preferably 5 or more is preferable.
- an elastomer having a polar functional group such as an ester group, a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, a halogen group, an amide group, a sulfone group, a urethane group, or a nitrile group, or an elastomer added with a polar low molecular weight compound having these polar functional groups
- Suitable elastomers other than H-NBR include silicone rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM), acrylic rubber, urethane rubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, and chlorinated polyethylene.
- Suitable resins include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, polystyrene (including crosslinked expanded polystyrene), polyvinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and the like.
- the materials of the front shield layers 23 and 33 and the back shield layers 24 and 34 are not particularly limited. The same material as that of the dielectric layers 20 and 30 may be used.
- the materials of the front electrode layers 21 and 31 and the back electrode layers 22 and 32 are not particularly limited.
- silicone rubber, acrylic rubber, or a flexible conductive material filled with silver powder or carbon in H-NBR may be used.
- the front electrode layers 21 and 31 and the back electrode layers 22 and 32 can be formed by knitting metal or the like in a mesh shape.
- the front-side electrode layers 21 and 31 and the back-side electrode layers 22 and 32 may be formed from a conductive polymer such as polyethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT).
- PEDOT polyethylenedioxythiophene
- an elastomer for a binder.
- Suitable examples of the elastomer include silicone rubber, NBR, EPDM, natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), acrylic rubber, urethane rubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, and chlorinated polyethylene.
- the conductive material carbon materials such as carbon black, carbon nanotube, and graphite, metal materials such as silver, gold, copper, nickel, rhodium, palladium, chromium, titanium, platinum, iron, and alloys thereof, indium oxide What is necessary is just to select suitably from electroconductive oxides, such as what doped other metals, such as tin (ITO), titanium oxide, and zinc oxide, aluminum, antimony.
- a conductive material may be used individually by 1 type, and 2 or more types may be mixed and used for it.
- Example 1 results of the volume measurement experiment conducted on the speaker of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2 (hereinafter referred to as Example 1) and the speaker of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 11 (hereinafter referred to as Example 2) will be described. To do. The experiment was conducted according to JISC5532 (sound system speaker).
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing the results of the sound volume measurement experiment.
- the horizontal axis (logarithmic display) indicates the sound range, and the vertical axis indicates the volume.
- the horizontal axis indicates the sound range
- the vertical axis indicates the volume.
- the dip D in which the sound volume decreases in a certain sound range.
- Example 2 thin line
- the dip D does not exist. From this, it can be seen that if the intervention member 4 has a three-layer structure (outer intervention body 43-inner intervention body 42-outer intervention body 44), variation in volume can be suppressed in a wide sound range.
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Abstract
Description
2:フィルムアセンブリ、20:誘電層、21:表側電極層、22:裏側電極層、23:表側シールド層、24:裏側シールド層。
3:フィルムアセンブリ、30:誘電層、31:表側電極層、32:裏側電極層、33:表側シールド層、34:裏側シールド層。
4:介装部材、40:孔、41:縁部材、42:内側介装体、43:外側介装体。
5:回路部、50a:交流電源、50b:交流電源、51:直流バイアス電源、53:スイッチ。
6:表側枠部材、60L:対向辺、60R:対向辺、61D:対向辺、61U:対向辺。
7:裏側枠部材、70L:対向辺、70R:対向辺、71D:対向辺、71U:対向辺。
80:第一外側電極層用端子、81:ナット、82:第二外側電極層用端子、83:ナット、84:内側電極層用端子、85:ナット、86:ボルト、87:ナット。
H:ヒンジ支点、K1~K3:ばね定数、P1:固定部分、P2:枠内部分、Vb:バイアス電圧。
[スピーカーの全体構成]
まず、本実施形態のスピーカーの全体構成について説明する。以下に示す図においては、前方が本発明の「表側」に、後方が本発明の「裏側」に、各々対応している。また、前後方向(後述するように、前方のフィルムアセンブリと、介装部材と、後方のフィルムアセンブリと、が積層されている方向)が、本発明の「表裏方向」に対応している。また、上下左右方向(前後方向に直交する方向)が、本発明の「面方向」に対応している。
次に、本実施形態のスピーカー1の前方のフィルムアセンブリ2の構成について説明する。図5に、本実施形態のスピーカーの前方のフィルムアセンブリの分解斜視図を示す。図5に示すように、フィルムアセンブリ2は、誘電層20と、表側電極層21と、裏側電極層22と、表側シールド層23と、裏側シールド層24と、を備えている。
次に、本実施形態のスピーカー1の後方のフィルムアセンブリ3の構成について説明する。図6に、本実施形態のスピーカーの後方のフィルムアセンブリの分解斜視図を示す。図6に示すように、フィルムアセンブリ3は、誘電層30と、表側電極層31と、裏側電極層32と、表側シールド層33と、裏側シールド層34と、を備えている。
次に、本実施形態のスピーカー1の回路部の構成について説明する。図7に、本実施形態のスピーカーの動作説明図を示す。なお、図7においては、積層体を模式的に示す。図7に示すように、回路部5は、二つの交流電源50a、50bと、直流バイアス電源51と、スイッチ53と、を備えている。
次に、本実施形態のスピーカー1の動きについて説明する。図7に示すように、停止状態においては、スイッチ53が開成されている。このため、一対のフィルムアセンブリ2、3には、電圧が印加されていない。
次に、本実施形態のスピーカー1の作用効果について説明する。本実施形態のスピーカー1は、図7に示すように、一対のフィルムアセンブリ2、3と、介装部材4と、回路部5と、を備えている。介装部材4は、一対のフィルムアセンブリ2、3の間に介装されている。回路部5は、音声に基づく信号波を、互いに逆相になるように、一対のフィルムアセンブリ2、3に伝達する。このため、一対のフィルムアセンブリ2、3は、互いに逆方向の動作を行う。例えば、後方のフィルムアセンブリ3が面方向に収縮する場合、前方のフィルムアセンブリ2は面方向に伸張する。反対に、前方のフィルムアセンブリ2が面方向に収縮する場合、後方のフィルムアセンブリ3は面方向に伸張する。
本実施形態のスピーカーと、第一実施形態のスピーカーとの相違点は、介装部材がハニカム構造を有している点である。ここでは、相違点についてのみ説明する。図8に、本実施形態のスピーカーの介装部材の斜視図を示す。なお、図4と対応する部位については、同じ符号で示す。
本実施形態のスピーカーと、第一実施形態のスピーカーとの相違点は、介装部材の面方向外側に、四つの縁部材が配置されている点である。ここでは、相違点についてのみ説明する。図9に、本実施形態のスピーカーの前後方向断面図を示す。なお、図2と対応する部位については、同じ符号で示す。
本実施形態のスピーカーと、第一実施形態のスピーカーとの相違点は、介装部材が三層構造を有している点である。ここでは、相違点についてのみ説明する。図11に、本実施形態のスピーカーの上下方向断面図を示す。なお、図2と対応する部位については、同じ符号で示す。
本実施形態のスピーカーと、第一実施形態のスピーカーとの相違点は、介装部材が三層構造を有している点である。ここでは、相違点についてのみ説明する。図12に、本実施形態のスピーカーの上下方向断面図を示す。なお、図2と対応する部位については、同じ符号で示す。
以上、本発明のスピーカーの実施の形態について説明した。しかしながら、実施の形態は上記形態に特に限定されるものではない。当業者が行いうる種々の変形的形態、改良的形態で実施することも可能である。
Claims (10)
- 絶縁性を有しエラストマー製または樹脂製の誘電層と、該誘電層の表側に配置され導電性を有する表側電極層と、該誘電層の裏側に配置され導電性を有する裏側電極層と、を有する表裏一対の振動部と、
表側の該振動部を表側に、裏側の該振動部を裏側に、各々突出させるように、一対の該振動部の間に配置される介装部材と、
再生対象となる音声に基づく信号波を、互いに逆相になるように、一対の該振動部に伝達し一対の該振動部を駆動する回路部と、
を備えるスピーカー。 - 前記介装部材の表裏方向のばね定数は、該介装部材の面方向のばね定数よりも、大きい請求項1に記載のスピーカー。
- 前記回路部は、表側の前記振動部の前記表側電極層と、裏側の前記振動部の前記裏側電極層と、に対して、互いに同極性のバイアス電圧と、互いに逆相の前記信号波と、を各々重畳して印加し、
表側の該振動部の前記裏側電極層および裏側の該振動部の前記表側電極層は、接地されている請求項1または請求項2に記載のスピーカー。 - 前記振動部は、前記表側電極層の表側に配置され絶縁性を有しエラストマー製の表側シールド層と、前記裏側電極層の裏側に配置され絶縁性を有しエラストマー製の裏側シールド層と、を有する請求項1ないし請求項3のいずれかに記載のスピーカー。
- 前記振動部は、表側から裏側に向かって、前記表側シールド層と、前記表側電極層と、前記誘電層と、前記裏側電極層と、前記裏側シールド層と、が積層されてなるフィルムアセンブリである請求項4に記載のスピーカー。
- 表側の前記フィルムアセンブリの表側に配置される表側枠部材と、裏側の前記フィルムアセンブリの裏側に配置される裏側枠部材と、を備え、
該表側枠部材と該裏側枠部材とにより、表側の該フィルムアセンブリと裏側の該フィルムアセンブリとが、表裏方向から挟持、固定されている請求項5に記載のスピーカー。 - 前記表側枠部材および前記裏側枠部材は、各々、互いに面方向に対向する一対の対向辺を有する請求項6に記載のスピーカー。
- 前記介装部材は、表裏方向に積層された複数の介装体を有し、
複数の該介装体のうち、少なくとも二つの該介装体は、表裏方向のばね定数が異なる請求項1ないし請求項7のいずれかに記載のスピーカー。 - 複数の前記介装体は、内側介装体と、該内側介装体の表裏方向両側に積層され表裏一対の前記振動部に当接する一対の外側介装体と、であり、
該内側介装体は、該外側介装体よりも、表裏方向のばね定数が大きい請求項8に記載のスピーカー。 - 複数の前記介装体は、内側介装体と、該内側介装体の表裏方向両側に積層され表裏一対の前記振動部に当接する一対の外側介装体と、であり、
該内側介装体は、該外側介装体よりも、表裏方向のばね定数が小さい請求項8に記載のスピーカー。
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JP2017033228A (ja) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-02-09 | 住友理工株式会社 | 触覚振動提示装置 |
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JP2022512710A (ja) * | 2018-10-16 | 2022-02-07 | フラウンホファー ゲセルシャフト ツール フェールデルンク ダー アンゲヴァンテン フォルシュンク エー.ファオ. | アクチュエータとしての曲げ変換器、センサとしての曲げ変換器、曲げ変換器システム |
JP7176108B2 (ja) | 2018-10-16 | 2022-11-21 | フラウンホファー ゲセルシャフト ツール フェールデルンク ダー アンゲヴァンテン フォルシュンク エー.ファオ. | アクチュエータとしての曲げ変換器、センサとしての曲げ変換器、曲げ変換器システム |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US9288583B2 (en) | 2016-03-15 |
DE112012006175T5 (de) | 2014-12-11 |
DE112012006175B4 (de) | 2018-08-16 |
JPWO2013145411A1 (ja) | 2015-12-10 |
US20140321675A1 (en) | 2014-10-30 |
JP6022545B2 (ja) | 2016-11-09 |
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