WO2013098006A1 - Circuit de commande d'élément peltier pour appareils ménagers - Google Patents

Circuit de commande d'élément peltier pour appareils ménagers Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013098006A1
WO2013098006A1 PCT/EP2012/073592 EP2012073592W WO2013098006A1 WO 2013098006 A1 WO2013098006 A1 WO 2013098006A1 EP 2012073592 W EP2012073592 W EP 2012073592W WO 2013098006 A1 WO2013098006 A1 WO 2013098006A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
peltier
voltage
control circuit
unit
rectifier
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/073592
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ilkin Tacan
Mustafa Yuksel
Original Assignee
Arcelik Anonim Sirketi
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Arcelik Anonim Sirketi filed Critical Arcelik Anonim Sirketi
Publication of WO2013098006A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013098006A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B21/02—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F34/00—Details of control systems for washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F34/08—Control circuits or arrangements thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F34/00—Details of control systems for washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F34/10—Power supply arrangements, e.g. stand-by circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D23/1919—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means characterised by the type of controller
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/42—Details
    • A47L15/4291—Recovery arrangements, e.g. for the recovery of energy or water
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2103/44—Current or voltage
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2103/50—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers related to heat pumps, e.g. pressure or flow rate
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2105/00—Systems or parameters controlled or affected by the control systems of washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2105/26—Heat pumps
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F25/00—Washing machines with receptacles, e.g. perforated, having a rotary movement, e.g. oscillatory movement, the receptacle serving both for washing and for centrifugally separating water from the laundry and having further drying means, e.g. using hot air 
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F37/00—Details specific to washing machines covered by groups D06F21/00 - D06F25/00
    • D06F37/42—Safety arrangements, e.g. for stopping rotation of the receptacle upon opening of the casing door
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B2321/02—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effects; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effects
    • F25B2321/021—Control thereof
    • F25B2321/0212—Control thereof of electric power, current or voltage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a control circuit that controls the Peltier elements used in household appliances.
  • the Peltier element provides cooling on one surface and heating on the other surface by the current generated as a result of the voltage applied thereon.
  • the use of Peltier elements is known in household appliances like the laundry dryer and dishwasher wherein heating cycle and drying cycle are performed by condensing the air.
  • more than one Peltier element is used in a Peltier unit (Peltier module) by being connected in series or in parallel. Since the Peltier elements are operated with low DC voltage and high current values, a rectifier that converts AC mains voltage to DC voltage, voltage dividers and capacitors that supply the suitable voltage to Peltier elements are used between the AC mains voltage whereto the household appliances are connected and the Peltier elements.
  • the AC mains voltage is first rectified and the rectified high value DC voltage is switched by voltage dividers carrying high voltage and is stored by the capacitor. Since the capacitors that feed the Peltier elements are charged by rectified high voltage received from the mains, they are selected from high voltage value and high capacitance value type and this increases costs. Since the power of the Peltier elements is high, the switching means charging the capacitor also carry high value current and therefore the switching means should be selected as high current type which is another factor that increases costs. In voltage dividing structures, the power adjustments of the Peltier elements cannot be made precisely and constant power cannot be obtained from the Peltier elements under conditions wherein mains voltage is variable.
  • the International Patent Applications No. WO2007125012, WO2007125013, WO2007134924 and WO2007134925 relate to control circuits that regulate operations of Peltier elements that are used in household appliances, particularly in laundry dryers.
  • the aim of the present invention is the realization of a safe and low cost control circuit that controls the Peltier elements used in household appliances.
  • the control circuit realized in order to attain the aim of the present invention, explicated in the first claim and the respective claims thereof, is suitable for use in household appliances like laundry dryer, dishwasher wherein Peltier elements are operated for heating and drying purposes, comprises a rectifier that converts AC mains voltage into DC voltage by rectifying, a Peltier unit or Peltier module having Peltier elements connected in series or in parallel, a capacitor connected in parallel to the Peltier unit and a microcontroller that provides the Peltier unit to be operated with the required Peltier voltage, and an AC switching means, for example a triac, is connected to the AC mains voltage prior to the rectifier.
  • the AC switching means is triggered by the microcontroller by taking zero-crossings of the mains voltage as reference, providing AC voltage to be chopped before being rectified into DC voltage and the capacitor to be charged with low voltage.
  • the Peltier voltage is controlled by means of a voltage measuring unit.
  • the microcontroller upon detecting that the AC mains voltage is higher or lower than normal, regulates the turn-on and turn-off durations of the AC switching means by receiving Peltier voltage feedback from the voltage measuring unit and provides the Peltier elements to be operated at constant power in variable mains voltage.
  • the Peltier current is measured by means of a current measuring unit.
  • the microcontroller monitors the Peltier current applied to the Peltier unit by means of the current measuring unit and provides the power adjustment of the Peltier unit to be made.
  • control circuit comprises a safety switch that cuts off the Peltier current in case of malfunction in the Peltier unit or the AC switching means.
  • low voltage capacitor is used for feeding the Peltier unit and cost advantage is provided.
  • Figure 1 - is the schematic view of a control circuit that controls the Peltier elements.
  • Figure 2 - is the graphic showing the change in the voltage applied to the Peltier elements with respect to time.
  • the control circuit (1) suitable for use in household appliances, comprises a fuse (F) connected to the phase line at the AC mains voltage input and which provides protection by cutting off mains voltage in cases of short circuiting etc of electronic components, a rectifier (2) that converts the AC mains voltage into DC voltage by rectifying, a Peltier unit (3) having one or more than one Peltier element (P) operated by the rectified voltage, a capacitor (4) connected in parallel to the Peltier unit (3), feeding the Peltier unit (3) by being charged and discharged with the rectified voltage and a microcontroller (5) that provides the Peltier unit (3) to be operated with the desired Peltier voltage (Vp) and Peltier current (Ip) by monitoring the AC mains voltage.
  • a fuse F
  • rectifier (2) that converts the AC mains voltage into DC voltage by rectifying
  • a Peltier unit (3) having one or more than one Peltier element (P) operated by the rectified voltage
  • a capacitor (4) connected in parallel to the Peltier unit (3), feeding the Peltier unit (3) by being charged and discharged with the
  • the control circuit (1) of the present invention comprises an AC switching means (6), connected to the AC mains voltage prior to the rectifier (2) and triggered by the microcontroller (5) before the zero-crossings (ZC) of the AC mains voltage, providing the AC mains voltage to be chopped before being rectified into DC voltage and the capacitor (4) to be charged with low voltage thus enabling the use of low voltage value capacitor (4) ( Figure 1).
  • the microcontroller (5) monitors the AC mains voltage by means of a mains voltage measuring means (not shown in the figures), in order to generate the Peltier voltage (Vp) that should be applied to the Peltier unit (3) prior to the mains voltage zero crossings (ZC), changes the AC switching means (6) to the turn-on position as long as the turn-on duration, that is predetermined and updated at every half wave of the mains voltage, depending on the voltage value formed on the capacitor (4), and changes the AC switching means (6) to the turn-off position at zero crossings (ZC) of the mains voltage.
  • Vp Peltier voltage
  • ZC mains voltage zero crossings
  • the capacitor (4) When the AC switching means (6) is in the turn-on position, the capacitor (4) is charged and when the AC switching means (6) is in the turn-off position, the capacitor (4) is discharged and the Peltier unit (3) is provided to be operated by being fed with the suitable Peltier voltage (Vp) ( Figure 2).
  • Vp Peltier voltage
  • the AC mains voltage is regulated by being chopped by the AC switching means (6) prior the rectifier (2) and the rectifier (2) is provided to rectify the chopped low voltage.
  • the capacitor (4) that feeds the Peltier unit (3) is charged with the chopped and rectified Peltier voltage (Vp), thus a capacitor (4) that can be charged with low voltage instead of high voltage can be used by lowering the voltage level which is an important factor in the cost of the capacitor (4) and cost advantage is provided.
  • control circuit (1) comprises a voltage measuring unit (7) disposed at the output of the rectifier (2), between the rectifier (2) and the Peltier unit (3), that measures the Peltier voltage (Vp) and feedbacks to the microcontroller (5) ( Figure 1).
  • the microcontroller (5) monitors the AC mains voltage and upon detecting that the AC mains voltage is higher or lower than normal, regulates the turn-on and turn-off durations of the AC switching means (6) by receiving Peltier voltage (Vp) feedback from the voltage measuring unit (7), thus, provides the Peltier unit (3) to be operated with constant supply voltage (Vp) under variable mains voltage conditions.
  • the operation of the AC switching means (6) is intervened by the microcontroller (5) in the AC mains voltage waviness, thereby compensating unwanted power surge or power decrease in the Peltier unit (3), providing the power obtained from the Peltier unit (3) to remain constant.
  • control circuit (1) comprises a current measuring unit (8) disposed at the output of the rectifier (2), between the rectifier (2) and the Peltier unit (3), that measures the Peltier current (Ip) and feedbacks to the microcontroller (5) ( Figure 1).
  • the microcontroller (5) monitors the Peltier current (Ip) applied to the Peltier unit (3) by means of the current measuring unit (8) and when required, regulates the Peltier voltage (Vp) and hence the Peltier current (Ip) by changing the turn-on and turn-off durations of the AC switching means (6) and provides the Peltier unit (3) to be operated at the desired power level (provides the power adjustment of the Peltier unit (3) to be made).
  • control circuit (1) comprises a preferably a semiconductor safety switch (9), disposed at the output of the rectifier (2), between the rectifier (2) and the Peltier unit (3), that protects the control circuit (1) components by cutting off the Peltier current (Ip) in case the Peltier unit (3) or the AC switching means (6) malfunctions or is triggered accidentally ( Figure 1).
  • a semiconductor safety switch (9) disposed at the output of the rectifier (2), between the rectifier (2) and the Peltier unit (3), that protects the control circuit (1) components by cutting off the Peltier current (Ip) in case the Peltier unit (3) or the AC switching means (6) malfunctions or is triggered accidentally ( Figure 1).
  • the control circuit (1) components are provided to be protected by changing the safety switch (9) to the open circuit position by the microcontroller (5) in case of a failure like short circuiting occurring in the Peltier unit (3) and upon detection of current exceeding a certain limit by the current measuring unit (8).
  • the safety switch (9) prevents the Peltier unit (3) from being subjected to high value current or voltage and the Peltier unit (3) from being damaged by being changed to the open circuit position by the microcontroller (5) in the case of a failure like short circuiting in the AC switching means (6) or the zero crossing (ZC) of AC mains voltage not being detected, in case of detection of current exceeding a certain limit by the current measuring unit (8) or the AC switching means (6) being triggered accidentally due to momentary electrical interference in the mains voltage.
  • the AC switching means (6) is a triac ( Figure 1).
  • the microcontroller (5) controls the AC switching means (6) from the door (Gate : G) terminal and by adjusting the firing angles, regulates the turn-on and turn-off durations of the AC switching means (6) and hence the Peltier voltage (Vp) required for operating the Peltier unit (3) by charging the capacitor (4).
  • the household appliance wherein the control circuit (1) is used is a laundry dryer.
  • the household appliance wherein the control unit (1) is used is a dishwasher.
  • the household appliance wherein the control circuit (1) is used is a laundry washer/dryer.
  • the household appliance wherein the circuit board (1) is used is a refrigerator.
  • the AC switching means (6) is connected to the mains voltage prior to the rectifier (2) and the capacitor (4) is charged with the low voltage (Vp) required for operating the Peltier unit (3), thus utilization of a standard low voltage capacitor (4) is sufficient for feeding the Peltier unit (3) and cost advantage is provided. Since the rectifier (2) is not subjected to high AC mains voltage, the need for current limiter at the mains voltage input is minimized, the current limiter is not used or a low cost current limiter that is not very precise can be used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Control Of Washing Machine And Dryer (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un circuit de commande (1), adapté pour faire fonctionner des éléments Peltier (P) dans le but de chauffer et de sécher dans des appareils ménagers tels qu'un sèche-linge ou un lave-vaisselle, comprenant un fusible (F) raccordé à la phase de l'entrée en tension du réseau de courant alternatif et qui réalise la protection en coupant la tension du réseau dans le cas d'un court-circuit, etc. des composants électroniques, un redresseur (2) qui convertit la tension du réseau de courant alternatif en tension continue par redressement, une unité Peltier (3) dotée d'un ou plusieurs éléments Peltier (P) commandés par la tension redressée, un condensateur (4) branché en série avec l'unité Peltier (3), alimentant l'unité Peltier (3) en étant chargé et déchargé avec la tension redressée et un microcontrôleur (5) relié à la tension du réseau de courant alternatif qui fait fonctionner l'unité Peltier (3) avec la tension Peltier (Vp) souhaitée en surveillance la tension du réseau.
PCT/EP2012/073592 2011-12-26 2012-11-26 Circuit de commande d'élément peltier pour appareils ménagers WO2013098006A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TRA2011/12944 2011-12-26
TR201112944 2011-12-26

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013098006A1 true WO2013098006A1 (fr) 2013-07-04

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015018649A1 (fr) * 2013-08-06 2015-02-12 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Commande d'un consommateur électrique d'un appareil ménager
EP2896913A1 (fr) * 2014-01-15 2015-07-22 IPV Inheidener Produktions- und Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH Boîte de refroidissement électrique
CN107911052A (zh) * 2017-11-28 2018-04-13 佛山市顺德区美的洗涤电器制造有限公司 洗碗机及其控制电路

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4997161A (en) * 1988-10-21 1991-03-05 Robertshaw Controls Company Fuel control system throttle valve unit therefor and methods of making the same
JPH1194452A (ja) * 1997-09-22 1999-04-09 Zojirushi Vacuum Bottle Co 電子冷温装置
WO2007125013A1 (fr) 2006-05-03 2007-11-08 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Procédé et circuiterie pour commander un processus de séchage d'un appareil électroménager d'entretien du linge
WO2007125012A1 (fr) 2006-05-03 2007-11-08 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Circuiterie et procédé pour faire fonctionner un module à effet peltier d'une pompe à chaleur d'un appareil électroménager
WO2007134924A1 (fr) 2006-05-18 2007-11-29 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Circuit et procédé pour faire fonctionner un module peltier d'une pompe à chaleur dans un appareil électroménager
WO2007134925A1 (fr) 2006-05-18 2007-11-29 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Circuit et procédé pour faire fonctionner un module peltier d'une pompe à chaleur dans un appareil électroménager
US20110011100A1 (en) * 2009-07-16 2011-01-20 Shaam Sundhar Unitary thermoelectric heating and cooling device

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4997161A (en) * 1988-10-21 1991-03-05 Robertshaw Controls Company Fuel control system throttle valve unit therefor and methods of making the same
JPH1194452A (ja) * 1997-09-22 1999-04-09 Zojirushi Vacuum Bottle Co 電子冷温装置
WO2007125013A1 (fr) 2006-05-03 2007-11-08 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Procédé et circuiterie pour commander un processus de séchage d'un appareil électroménager d'entretien du linge
WO2007125012A1 (fr) 2006-05-03 2007-11-08 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Circuiterie et procédé pour faire fonctionner un module à effet peltier d'une pompe à chaleur d'un appareil électroménager
WO2007134924A1 (fr) 2006-05-18 2007-11-29 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Circuit et procédé pour faire fonctionner un module peltier d'une pompe à chaleur dans un appareil électroménager
WO2007134925A1 (fr) 2006-05-18 2007-11-29 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Circuit et procédé pour faire fonctionner un module peltier d'une pompe à chaleur dans un appareil électroménager
US20110011100A1 (en) * 2009-07-16 2011-01-20 Shaam Sundhar Unitary thermoelectric heating and cooling device

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015018649A1 (fr) * 2013-08-06 2015-02-12 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Commande d'un consommateur électrique d'un appareil ménager
EP2896913A1 (fr) * 2014-01-15 2015-07-22 IPV Inheidener Produktions- und Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH Boîte de refroidissement électrique
CN107911052A (zh) * 2017-11-28 2018-04-13 佛山市顺德区美的洗涤电器制造有限公司 洗碗机及其控制电路

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