WO2013094428A1 - 逆浸透処理装置および逆浸透処理装置の洗浄方法 - Google Patents
逆浸透処理装置および逆浸透処理装置の洗浄方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013094428A1 WO2013094428A1 PCT/JP2012/081700 JP2012081700W WO2013094428A1 WO 2013094428 A1 WO2013094428 A1 WO 2013094428A1 JP 2012081700 W JP2012081700 W JP 2012081700W WO 2013094428 A1 WO2013094428 A1 WO 2013094428A1
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- Prior art keywords
- pressure vessel
- water
- cleaning
- vessel
- reverse osmosis
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 194
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 296
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000011221 initial treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 7
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- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 3
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
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- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
- B01D61/026—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration comprising multiple reverse osmosis steps
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- B01D61/08—Apparatus therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a reverse osmosis treatment apparatus and a cleaning method for a reverse osmosis treatment apparatus, and more particularly to a reverse osmosis treatment apparatus and a cleaning method for a reverse osmosis treatment apparatus that can effectively wash the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus.
- RO reverse osmosis membrane
- a reverse osmosis pressure is utilized in a desalination treatment apparatus using a reverse osmosis membrane (hereinafter referred to as RO (Reverse Osmosis) membrane. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
- the RO membrane elements 222 are arranged in series, and each RO membrane element 222 is connected by a water collecting pipe 234 at the center of the RO membrane element 222.
- Supply water is supplied from one of the desalination treatment devices by a high-pressure pump, and the inside of the pressurized container 224 is pressurized by the opening degree of a valve installed on the concentrated water side.
- the pressurized pressure exceeds the osmotic pressure of the supplied water, it passes through the RO membrane, and desalinated water (permeated water) flows into the central water collecting pipe 234.
- the supply water supplied into the pressurized container 224 has a salt concentration that increases from the supply water side to the concentrated water side, so that the pressure in the pressurized container 224 finally becomes the final stage salt concentration and the amount of permeated water.
- the pressure to be pressurized is determined by the supply water flow velocity on the membrane surface. Accordingly, since the pressure on the supply water side in the pressurized container 224 is more than necessary, the amount of permeated water increases.
- FIG. 17 shows the relationship between the position of the RO membrane element and the relative flux (relative flux) when seven RO membrane elements 222 are arranged in series. The element position in FIG. 17 is the number from the supply water side. As shown in FIG.
- RO membrane element contamination is likely to occur due to organic matter contamination and microbial contamination (bio-fouling) on the upstream side, which is the supply side of the treated water, and scaling due to inorganic matter, on the downstream side, which is the concentrated water discharge side.
- organic matter contamination and microbial contamination bio-fouling
- inorganic matter on the downstream side, which is the concentrated water discharge side.
- Patent Document 1 describes that the chemical solution is heated in cleaning the reverse osmosis membrane clogged with the organic polymer substance.
- Patent Document 2 describes a device that activates a cleaning device when the performance of a reverse osmosis membrane is monitored and it is diagnosed that the membrane is dirty.
- Patent Document 3 describes an exhaust gas treatment apparatus that cleans exhaust gas by containing nanovalves in cleaning water, although it is not RO membrane cleaning.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and provides a reverse osmosis treatment apparatus and a reverse osmosis treatment washing method capable of reducing the amount of a cleaning agent used and improving the washing efficiency. With the goal.
- the present invention treats water to be treated by a primary treatment to produce a primary treated water and a first permeated water, and treats the primary treated water by a secondary treatment.
- a second pressure vessel for generating secondary treated water and second permeated water, a first cleaning liquid storage tank for storing a first cleaning liquid for cleaning the first pressure vessel, and the second pressure.
- a second cleaning liquid storage tank for storing a second cleaning liquid for cleaning the container, and each of the first pressure container and the second pressure container includes a reverse osmosis membrane.
- An osmosis membrane element, or a reverse osmosis membrane element connected in series by a water collecting pipe through which permeate flows, the permeate permeate the reverse osmosis membrane element, and the first pressure vessel is Processed to introduce the treated water into one end A water introduction pipe, and a first concentrated water discharge pipe for discharging the first treated water to be treated and a first discharge pipe for discharging the first permeated water at the other end.
- the second pressure vessel has a primary treated water introduction pipe for introducing the primary treated water at one end, and a second concentrated water discharge for discharging the secondary treated water at the other end.
- a first drainage pipe for draining the second permeated water, and the first cleaning liquid storage tank is connected to the first concentrated water drainage pipe of the first pressure vessel,
- the second cleaning liquid storage tank provides a reverse osmosis treatment device connected to the primary treated water introduction pipe of the second pressure vessel.
- the reverse osmosis treatment device when the reverse osmosis treatment device is divided into the first pressure vessel and the second pressure vessel, and the treated water is treated, for example, the reverse osmosis membrane element of the first pressure vessel Is contaminated with organic and microbial dirt, and the reverse osmosis membrane element of the second pressure vessel is contaminated with inorganic dirt. Since each of the first pressure vessel and the second pressure vessel has a first washing liquid storage tank and a second washing liquid storage tank having washing liquid, each pressure vessel is washed with a washing liquid suitable for each. It can be carried out.
- the pressure vessel is divided into the first pressure vessel and the second pressure vessel, the lengths of the first pressure vessel and the second pressure vessel are shortened as compared with the case of using a single pressure vessel. can do. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the amount of the cleaning liquid supplied to each of the first pressure container and the second pressure container, and it is not necessary to clean the reverse osmosis membrane element with the cleaning liquid. The damage to the membrane element can be suppressed, and the membrane life can be extended.
- the first cleaning liquid storage tank is connected to the treated water introduction pipe, and the second cleaning liquid storage tank is connected to the second concentrated water discharge pipe. Has been.
- the first cleaning liquid storage tank is connected to the treated water introduction pipe, and the second cleaning liquid storage tank is connected to the second concentrated water discharge pipe.
- the cleaning liquid can be circulated efficiently.
- the cleaning liquid in the first cleaning liquid storage tank is caused to flow from the first concentrated water discharge pipe to the treated water introduction pipe through the first pressure vessel.
- a second pump that includes a first pump, and that causes the cleaning liquid from the second cleaning liquid storage tank to flow from the primary treated water introduction pipe to the second concentrated water discharge pipe through the second pressure vessel. Is preferred.
- the cleaning liquid is allowed to flow toward the treated water introduction pipe in the first pressure vessel, and the second pressure vessel is allowed to flow toward the second concentrated water discharge pipe. Therefore, after cleaning the portion in each pressure vessel where dirt easily adheres, it can be discharged as it is, so that cleaning can be performed effectively.
- a pressure gauge is provided on the upstream side for the treated water and the downstream side for the primary treated water of the first pressure vessel, and the second pressure A pressure gauge is provided on the upstream side for the primary treated water and the downstream side for the secondary treated water of the vessel, and dirt on the first pressure vessel is detected on the upstream side and the downstream side of the first pressure vessel. Detecting by the differential pressure, the contamination of the second pressure vessel is detected by the differential pressure on the upstream side and the downstream side of the second pressure vessel.
- the pressure difference between the pressures measured on the upstream side (treated water introduction pipe) and the downstream side (first concentrated water discharge pipe) of the first pressure vessel is determined based on the change in the pressure difference between the pressures measured on the upstream side (primary treated water introduction pipe) and the downstream side (second concentrated water discharge pipe) of the second pressure vessel. Since the contamination of the second pressure vessel is determined based on the change, the contamination of the pressure vessel can be easily determined.
- the differential pressure is mainly evaluated by the flow path differential pressure, but can also be evaluated by combining the transmembrane differential pressure (filtration pressure).
- the first cleaning liquid in the first cleaning liquid storage tank includes a cleaning liquid that removes organic and microbial soils, and the first cleaning liquid storage tank contains the cleaning liquid in the second cleaning liquid storage tank.
- the second cleaning liquid removes inorganic dirt.
- organic and microbial dirt is likely to adhere to the first pressure vessel, and inorganic dirt is likely to adhere to the second pressure vessel.
- Cleaning can be performed with a cleaning solution suitable for dirt.
- a rinsing liquid storage tank for storing a rinsing liquid for washing away the first cleaning liquid in the first pressure vessel and the second cleaning liquid in the second pressure vessel is provided.
- the washing liquid can be easily washed after washing the first pressure vessel and the second pressure vessel. Can be washed away.
- the rinse liquid is the first permeated water, the second permeated water, or the treated water.
- the first pressure vessel by using the permeated water produced using the reverse osmosis treatment device or the water to be treated for the rinsing liquid, and After rinsing the second pressure vessel, the operation can be restarted easily.
- the present invention provides a differential pressure of a first pressure vessel that treats water to be treated by primary treatment and a second treatment that treats the water to be treated treated by the primary treatment by secondary treatment.
- the pressure difference between the first pressure vessel and the second pressure vessel is determined by checking the pressure difference between the first pressure vessel and the second pressure vessel.
- the specific pressure vessel to be cleaned is determined, and the cleaning chemical corresponding to the specified pressure vessel having the dirt certified by the differential pressure confirmation step Is selected, the specific pressure vessel is washed with the washing solution, the pressure difference between the first pressure vessel and the second pressure vessel after the washing step is confirmed, and the end of washing is determined.
- a method for cleaning a reverse osmosis treatment apparatus is provided.
- the change in the differential pressure between the first pressure vessel and the second pressure vessel is used to check the dirt in each pressure vessel, select a cleaning liquid suitable for the dirt in each pressure vessel, and perform cleaning. It is carried out. Since the pressure vessel is divided into a first pressure vessel for primary treatment and a second pressure vessel for treating water to be treated which has been treated by the primary treatment, each pressure vessel can be shortened, so that the cleaning liquid The amount of can be reduced. In addition, since cleaning with an unnecessary cleaning liquid can be prevented, damage to the reverse osmosis membrane element due to the cleaning agent can be suppressed, and the lifetime of the membrane can be prolonged.
- the cleaning liquid is washed out before or after the cleaning end determination step.
- the rinsing process is performed before or after the cleaning end determination process.
- the rinsing step before the cleaning end determination step it is possible to confirm the contamination of the reverse osmosis membrane element under actual operating conditions.
- the rinsing step after the cleaning end determination step it is possible to confirm the end of cleaning in the state of the cleaning liquid in the first pressure vessel or the second pressure vessel, so the liquid in the pressure vessel is replaced. Since there is no need, the loss of chemicals for replacement and the washing time can be suppressed.
- the rinse liquid used in the rinsing step is the permeated water produced in the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus or the water to be treated.
- the permeated water or the water to be treated produced by the reverse osmosis treatment device is used as the rinsing liquid. Can be prevented from being mixed.
- the increase in the differential pressure in the differential pressure confirmation step is 5 compared with the differential pressure before use of the first pressure vessel and the second pressure vessel.
- the cleaning is performed when the range of not less than 40% and not more than 40% is reached.
- the differential pressure in the first pressure vessel or the second pressure vessel is 5% or more and 40% or less compared to the differential pressure before use.
- the pressure vessel is cleaned. If washing is performed after the differential pressure becomes higher than before use, the number of washings can be reduced, but since the recovery rate after washing is lowered, the service life of the reverse osmosis membrane element is shortened. Conversely, if cleaning is performed when there is no difference from the differential pressure before use, the recovery rate is high, but the number of cleanings increases. It is preferable that the pressure difference before use is in the range of 5% to 40%.
- the pressure vessel is divided into two parts, the first pressure vessel for primary treatment of the water to be treated and the second pressure vessel for secondary treatment, so the first pressure vessel
- the first pressure vessel and the second pressure vessel can be supplied with chemicals suitable for the respective stains. Therefore, the amount of cleaning chemicals used can be reduced. Further, unnecessary cleaning can be avoided, so that damage to the RO membrane due to the drug can be suppressed, and the RO membrane can be used over a long period of time.
- FIG. 3 is a front view of the element shown in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 3 is a front view of the element shown in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 2 is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of a reverse osmosis processing apparatus. It is the graph which showed the relationship between the position of RO membrane element of the reverse osmosis processing apparatus of embodiment, and the relative flux of permeated water. It is a figure explaining the flow of cleaning liquid. It is an external view of an end port vessel.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a desalination treatment system 20 in which the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus 10 of the embodiment is incorporated.
- the desalination processing system in this invention can be used for the system which carries out reverse osmosis processing of to-be-processed water, such as drainage reuse, pure water manufacture, brine water desalination, seawater desalination, etc., for example.
- the desalination treatment system 20 shown in the figure is composed of a tank 12 in which treated water is stored, a high-pressure pump 14, and a reverse osmosis treatment device 10.
- the water to be treated in the tank 12 is supplied to the reverse osmosis treatment device 10 by the high pressure pump 14 at a high pressure, and is subjected to reverse osmosis treatment (desalting treatment) by each RO membrane (treatment membrane) of the reverse osmosis treatment device 10.
- the water is separated into desalted permeated water (separated water) 16 and concentrated water (treated water) 18 in which the salt content is concentrated.
- the permeated water 16 thus obtained is discharged to the outside of the reverse osmosis treatment device 10 through a discharge pipe, and the concentrated water 18 is similarly discharged through a discharge pipe different from the discharge pipe for discharging the permeated water. It is discharged outside the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus 10.
- the desalination processing system 20 of embodiment supplies the to-be-processed water to the reverse osmosis processing apparatus 10 with the high voltage
- a valve is provided in the concentrated water outlet side of the reverse osmosis processing apparatus 10, The pressure in the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus 10 is set according to the opening of the valve.
- raw water may be used as it is, but it is preferable to use water to be treated from which turbid components and the like contained in the raw water are removed by pretreatment.
- Pretreatment includes use of a filter and treatment such as introducing raw water into a sedimentation basin and adding a bactericide such as chlorine to precipitate and remove particles in the raw water and sterilize microorganisms.
- water to be treated may be used by adding a flocculant such as iron chloride to raw water to agglomerate turbid components and filtering them off.
- the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus 10 connects one or more elements 22 shown in FIG. 2 in series, and fills them into the cylindrical first vessels 80a and 80b and the second vessel 82 shown in FIG.
- the first modules 84a and 84b and the second module 86 are configured by connecting the first modules 84a and 84b and the second module 86 as a single unit or in parallel. .
- the element 22 is configured by arranging a membrane unit 32 including an RO membrane 28 and a discharge pipe 30 around a water collection pipe 34.
- the membrane unit 32 has four bag-like RO membranes 28, 28... Radially connected to the outer periphery of the water collecting pipe 34. These RO membranes 28, 28. It is configured by winding in a spiral around the water collection pipe 34.
- One end of the bag-like RO membrane 28 is opened, and the RO membrane 28 is bonded to the water collection pipe 34 so that the opening communicates with the through hole 36 of the water collection pipe 34 shown in FIG.
- the water to be treated flows on the outer surface of the RO membrane 28 and passes through the RO membrane 28 to be desalted.
- the desalted permeated water that has passed through the RO membrane 28 is collected into the water collecting pipe 34 from the inside of the RO membrane 28 through the opening of the RO membrane 28 and the through holes 36 of the water collecting pipe 34,
- the water is discharged from the element 22 from the water collecting pipe 34 through the discharge pipe 30.
- 3 is a mesh spacer disposed inside the RO membrane 28.
- the spacer 38 holds the RO membrane 28 so that the inner space of the RO membrane 28 is not crushed even when the RO membrane 28 is wound in a spiral shape.
- Reference numeral 40 denotes a mesh spacer disposed between the adjacent RO membranes 28 and 28.
- the spacers 40 are also radially bonded to the outer periphery of the water collecting pipe 34 in the same manner as the RO membrane 28.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus 10 of the embodiment.
- first modules 84a and 84b that perform primary processing in which two elements 22 are connected in series are shown in the first vessels 80a and 80b.
- a second module 86 is shown that performs secondary processing with five elements 22 connected in series.
- the amount of the permeated water increases in the amount processed in the first vessels 80a and 80b, and the amount of the first concentrated water remaining without being processed in the first vessels 80a and 80b decreases.
- FIG. 5 by supplying the first concentrated water from the plurality of first vessels to the second vessel 82, the processing can be performed efficiently.
- two vessels, the first vessels 80a and 80b are shown, but the number of the first vessels is not particularly limited, and may be one or may be three or more. . Further, the number of second vessels is not limited to one and can be two or more.
- the treated water is introduced into the end portions of the first vessels 80a and 80b so that the first concentrated water (primary treated water) remaining without being treated in the first vessel 80 is discharged.
- Concentrated water (primary treated water) discharged from the first vessels 80 a and 80 b is also introduced into the end portion of the second vessel 82 and is not treated by the second vessel 82.
- the remaining second concentrated water (secondary treated water) is opened so as to be discharged.
- a predetermined operating pressure is applied to the opening on the introduction side of the first vessels 80 a and 80 b by the high-pressure pump 14.
- the first vessels 80a and 80b and the second vessel 82 can also be configured by FRP or the like so as to withstand high pressure (5 MPa or more).
- the first vessel 80 and the second vessel 82 are also preferably connected by a tube made of a material that can withstand high pressure.
- the first vessel 80a In the first vessel 80a, as shown in FIG. 5, the treated water introduction pipe 56a for introducing the treated water into the first vessel 80a and the treated water remained without permeating the water collecting pipe 34.
- a first concentrated water discharge pipe 62a for discharging the first concentrated water is provided.
- the permeated water collected in the water collection pipe 34 through the RO membrane 28 is discharged from the first vessel 80a through the first discharge pipe 58a provided on the first concentrated water discharge pipe 62a side.
- the A meter 66 and a first valve 64 are provided at the outlet of the first discharge pipe 58a. As shown in FIG.
- the permeated water discharged from the first vessel joins the permeated water discharged from the other first vessel 80 b through the pipe 88 in front of the measuring instrument 66 and discharges it. Moreover, it can also discharge
- the primary treated water introduction pipe 68 for introducing the first concentrated water discharged from the first vessel 80a and the water collection pipe 34 remain without being passed through the second vessel 82.
- a second concentrated water discharge pipe 70 for discharging the second concentrated water is provided.
- a second valve 74 that adjusts the pressure in the second vessel 82 is provided at the outlet of the second concentrated water discharge pipe 70.
- the permeated water collected in the water collection pipe 34 through the RO membrane 28 is discharged from the second vessel 82 via the second discharge pipe 72 provided on the second concentrated water discharge pipe 70 side.
- the A meter 76 is provided at the outlet of the second discharge pipe 72.
- the second vessel is also described as a single vessel in FIG. 5, but a plurality of second vessels can be provided. In this case, the permeated water discharged from the second vessel can be discharged by joining the piping in front of the measuring device 76, or a measuring device can be provided in each second vessel and discharged.
- the water to be treated supplied from the tank 12 of FIG. 1 via the water to be treated introduction pipe 56a is guided to the element 22 via the flow path 57a.
- water is collected in the water collection pipe 34.
- reverse osmosis treatment is performed in two stages with the first vessel 80a and the second vessel 82, and the permeated water treated in the first vessel 80a is the first discharge pipe. It is discharged from the first vessel 80a through 58a.
- the first concentrated water remaining without permeating into the water collecting pipe 34 is discharged from the first concentrated water discharge pipe 62a, supplied via the primary treated water introduction pipe 68 of the second vessel 82, and the flow path 69.
- the water is collected in the water collection pipe 34.
- the permeate treated in the second vessel 82 is discharged from the second vessel 82 via the second discharge pipe 72.
- the second concentrated water remaining without passing through the water collecting pipe 34 is discharged from the second concentrated water discharge pipe 70.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the position of the RO membrane element and the relative flux of the permeated water in the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus of the embodiment.
- two elements are installed in the first vessel (Element position No. 1 and 2 on the horizontal axis in FIG. 6), and five elements are installed in the second vessel ( 6 is data obtained by conducting an experiment on Element position No. 3 to 7) on the horizontal axis.
- Element position No. 1 and 2 on the horizontal axis in FIG. 6 two elements are installed in the first vessel (Element position No. 1 and 2 on the horizontal axis in FIG. 6), and five elements are installed in the second vessel ( 6 is data obtained by conducting an experiment on Element position No. 3 to 7) on the horizontal axis.
- the relative flux can be set to a desired value as shown in FIG.
- the amount of permeated water can be reduced.
- the salt concentration of the first concentrated water can be lowered. Therefore, as shown in element positions 3 to 7 in FIG.
- the amount of permeated water can also be increased. Therefore, the non-uniformity of the permeated water amount of each RO membrane element can be eliminated, whereby the permeated water amount can be increased as a whole apparatus.
- the flow rate in the first vessel 80a can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the first valve 64 based on the numerical value measured by the measuring instrument 66, and the flow rate of the permeated water in the second vessel 82 is also determined.
- the second valve 74 can be controlled by adjusting the opening of the second valve 74 based on the numerical value measured by the measuring instrument 76. It is also possible to control the flow rate of the permeated water by providing a pressure gauge between the high-pressure pump 14 and the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus 10 and adjusting the high-pressure pump 14 by the numerical value of the pressure gauge.
- a flow meter, a pressure gauge, and an electric conductivity meter can be used as the measuring instruments 66 and 76. By measuring the electrical conductivity, the salt concentration rejection rate changes, so the amount of permeated water can be confirmed by monitoring the salt concentration rejection rate.
- the number of elements 22 is two in the first vessel 80 a and five in the second vessel 82, but is not limited thereto. is not. However, the number of elements 22 in the first vessel 80a is preferably equal to or less than the number of elements in the second vessel 82.
- FIGS. 7 is a diagram for explaining the flow of the cleaning liquid
- FIG. 8 is an external view of the end port vessel
- FIG. 9 is a piping diagram when the end port vessel is used
- FIG. 10 is a valve opening and closing operation and a pump operation during cleaning.
- FIG. 11 is an external view of the side port vessel
- FIG. 12 is a piping diagram when the side port vessel is used.
- the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus 10 organic matter and microorganisms contained in the water to be treated adhere to the front stage in the pressure vessel at the start of the treatment, and the water to be treated is concentrated in the latter stage in the pressure vessel. Inorganic matter is likely to precipitate, and inorganic stains are likely to adhere.
- the pressure vessel is divided into two and the water to be treated is treated, organic matter and microbial dirt are attached to the first vessels 80a and 80b, and the second vessel 82 is inorganic. The dirt will stick. Therefore, the RO membrane element can be cleaned by using, as the cleaning liquid, a chemical that removes organic matter and microbial dirt in the first vessels 80a and 80b.
- the RO membrane can be cleaned by using a chemical that removes inorganic dirt as a cleaning solution.
- a chemical that removes inorganic dirt as a cleaning solution.
- the pressure vessel is divided into two, each of the first vessels 80a and 80b and the second vessel 82 is shortened as compared with the case where the processing is performed with one vessel.
- contamination of each vessel can be used for a washing
- the cleaning liquid that has passed through the primary treated water pipe 102 is supplied to the first vessel 80a from the first concentrated water discharge pipe 62a.
- the cleaning liquid that has cleaned the inside of the first vessel 80a is discharged from the treated water introduction pipe 56a, passes through the treated water pipe 100, and is returned to the first chemical tank 110.
- the cleaning liquid is supplied from the first concentrated water discharge pipe 62a to be processed.
- the cleaning liquid passes through the primary treated water pipe 102 and is supplied from the primary treated water introduction pipe 68.
- the cleaning liquid that has cleaned the inside of the second vessel 82 is discharged from the second concentrated water discharge pipe 70, passes through the secondary treated water pipe 104, and is returned to the chemical tank.
- the inorganic dirt adheres to the subsequent stage in the second vessel 82, so that the inorganic dirt passes through the second vessel 82 by supplying from the primary treated water introduction pipe 68. It is possible to prevent the inside of the second vessel 82 from being contaminated by the dirt removed by the cleaning liquid.
- the reverse osmosis membrane treatment apparatus and the piping structure of the cleaning apparatus when the end port vessel is used will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9.
- the water to be treated is treated water introduction pipe 56 and primary treated water introduction pipe 68 provided at one end of the first vessel 80 and the second vessel 82.
- the permeated water is discharged from a first discharge pipe 58 and a second discharge pipe 72 provided at the other end.
- Concentrated water is also discharged from the first concentrated water discharge pipe 62 and the second concentrated water discharge pipe 70 provided in the direction in which the water to be treated travels in the cylindrical vessel.
- an end port vessel as shown in FIG.
- the water to be treated is supplied to each first vessel 80 via the water pipe 100 to be treated.
- the concentrated water discharged from the first vessel 80 is also collected through the common primary treated water pipe 102 and supplied to each second vessel 82.
- the concentrated water discharged from the second vessel is also collected and discharged through the common secondary treated water pipe 104.
- the permeated water the permeated water discharged from the first vessel 80 is collected through the first permeated water pipe 106, and the permeated water discharged from the second vessel 82 is used as the second permeated water pipe. Collected via 108 and discharged.
- the cleaning can be performed by supplying the cleaning liquid to the primary treatment water pipe 102 between the first vessel 80 and the second vessel 82.
- the cleaning liquid is supplied from the first chemical tank 110 from the first concentrated water discharge pipe 62 of the first vessel 80 via the primary treatment water pipe 102.
- the waste liquid from the first vessel 80 passes through the treated water introduction pipe 56 for supplying the treated water and the treated water pipe 100 and is returned to the first chemical tank 110.
- the cleaning liquid is supplied from the second chemical tank 112 from the primary treatment water introduction pipe 68 of the second vessel 82 via the primary treatment water pipe 102.
- the drainage liquid from the second vessel 82 passes through the second concentrated water discharge pipe 70 and the secondary treatment water pipe 104 and is returned to the second chemical tank 112.
- FIG. 10 is a table showing valve opening / closing and pump operation during cleaning.
- the valve V104 and the valve V105 are opened, the other valves are closed, and the pump P101 is moved to move the first vessel 80 in the first vessel 80.
- the cleaning liquid can be circulated.
- the valve V103, the valve V106, the valve V107 are opened, the other valves are closed, and the pump P102 is moved.
- the cleaning liquid can be circulated in the vessel 82. It is also possible to wash the first vessel 80 and the second vessel 82 simultaneously.
- V102 is a valve for adjusting the pressure in the second vessel 82 (indicated by the second valve 74 in FIG. 5), and therefore it is not preferable to completely close or open the valve V102. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 7, 9, and 12, the flow of the cleaning liquid can be controlled by providing the valves V102a and V202a on the downstream side of the valves V102 and V202 and opening and closing the valves V102a and V202a.
- the water to be treated is treated water introduction pipe 56 provided on the side surface of one end of the first vessel 80 and the second vessel 82, and the primary treated water introduction. Supplied from tube 68.
- the permeated water is discharged from the first discharge pipe 58 and the second discharge pipe 72 provided at the other end as in the end port vessel. Concentrated water is also discharged from the concentrated water discharge pipe provided on the side surface of the other end.
- the treated water introduction pipe 56, the primary treated water introduction pipe 68, the first concentrated water discharge pipe 62, and the second concentrated water discharge pipe 70 are provided on the side portion of the vessel. Therefore, the first vessels 80 and the second vessels 82 are connected in parallel, and the supply of treated water and the discharge of concentrated water are arranged in parallel. Performed while passing through another vessel.
- first chemical tank 110 and the second chemical tank 112 are primary treated water connecting the first concentrated water discharge pipe 62 of the first vessel 80 and the primary treated water introduction pipe 68 of the second vessel 82.
- the pipe 102 is connected so that the cleaning liquid is supplied.
- the first vessel is cleaned by closing the valve V206 of the pipe connected to the second chemical tank 112 on the discharge side of the concentrate of the second vessel, and the treated water of the first vessel.
- the valve V204 connected to the first chemical tank 110 on the supply side and opening the valve V203 and the valve V205 on the supply side for supplying the cleaning liquid the inside of the first vessel 80 can be circulated with the cleaning liquid.
- the cleaning liquid When supplying the cleaning liquid into the first vessels 80 arranged in parallel, the cleaning liquid may pass through the second vessel 82, but since it only passes through, there is no particular influence.
- the valve V204 connected to the first chemical tank 110 on the treated water supply side of the first vessel is closed, and the second side on the discharge side of the concentrated liquid of the second vessel is closed.
- the second vessel 82 By opening the valve V206 of the pipe connected to the chemical tank 112 and opening the supply side valve V203 and the valve V207 for supplying the cleaning liquid, the second vessel 82 can be circulated with the cleaning liquid.
- the washing time of the vessel can be determined by the difference between the pressure gauges provided in the treated water pipe 100, the primary treated water pipe 102, and the secondary treated water pipe 104.
- the value of the pressure gauge is continuously monitored, and the vessel is cleaned when the pressure difference is compared with the initial value and falls within a predetermined range. Specifically, it is preferable to perform cleaning when the pressure difference is in the range of 5 to 40% compared to the initial value.
- a rinsing process is performed to wash away the cleaning solution.
- the rinsing step can be performed in the same flow path as the flow path for supplying the cleaning liquid.
- the liquid used in the rinsing process it is preferable to use the permeated water produced by the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus.
- water to be treated can be used.
- the rinsing liquid can be supplied into the vessel using the same tank as the cleaning liquid, or a rinsing liquid tank (not shown) can be provided separately to supply the rinsing liquid.
- the cleaning can be completed by supplying water to be treated or a rinsing liquid and confirming that the differential pressure has been reduced by a pressure gauge.
- the differential pressure can be confirmed by operating at the same flow rate as the actual operation in a state where the cleaning liquid is filled. In this case, loss of chemicals and time for replacement can be avoided.
- the cleaning liquid flows to the filtered water side, since the RO membrane element can exclude ions, the pH changes, but the quality of the permeated water is not particularly affected.
- FIG. 13 shows an example of a drug that can be used in the cleaning liquid.
- an alkali such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and a chelating material such as EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) can be used.
- EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- inorganic stains can be removed using acids such as citric acid, phosphoric acid, and hydrochloric acid.
- step S10 the system operation of the reverse osmosis treatment device 10 is started (step S10).
- the differential pressure is continuously monitored by the pressure gauges PT101, PT102, PT103 provided in the treated water pipe 100, the primary treated water pipe 102, and the secondary treated water pipe 104 (step S12). ).
- step S14 the differential pressure by the pressure gauges PT101, PT102, PT103 exceeds a predetermined set value (step S14)
- the contaminated portion of the RO membrane element is specified by the pressure differential pressure (step S16).
- the differential pressure between the pressure gauge PT101 shown in FIG.
- the pressure gauge PT102 (shown in FIG. 7) provided in the treated water pipe 100 and the pressure gauge PT102 (shown in FIG. 7) provided in the primary treated water pipe 102 is an initial value. If the predetermined range is exceeded, the first vessel is cleaned. The differential pressure between the pressure gauge PT102 provided in the primary treated water pipe 102 and the pressure gauge PT103 provided in the secondary treated water pipe 104 (shown in FIG. 7) exceeds the predetermined range compared with the initial value. If so, the second vessel is cleaned.
- step S16 the contamination site is specified as the first vessel or the second vessel, and then the cleaning chemical corresponding to the first vessel or the second vessel is selected (step S18).
- a cleaning process is performed (step S20).
- cleaning is performed according to valve opening / closing conditions and pump operating conditions shown in FIG.
- a rinsing process for rinsing the cleaning liquid is performed (step S22).
- the quality of the rinsing liquid after passing through the vessel is confirmed, and the end of the rinsing step is confirmed.
- Step S24 the permeated water (product water) produced by the reverse osmosis treatment device or the treated water is flowed in the same direction as the treatment of the treated liquid, and the pressure difference is measured to complete the cleaning.
- Step S24 If the washed vessel is not sufficiently washed by measuring the differential pressure, the process returns to step S20 to perform washing. Although the differential pressure of the washed vessel has recovered, if a pressure differential is confirmed in the other vessel, the flow returns to step S18 to select a cleaning agent and wash the other vessel (step S26). If the differential pressure is confirmed in step S24 and it is confirmed that the washing is sufficiently performed, the operation of the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus is resumed (step S28).
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing another cleaning method for the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus 10.
- the cleaning method shown in FIG. 15 is different from the cleaning method shown in FIG. 14 in that the cleaning liquid is supplied and the differential pressure is measured in the differential pressure measurement after cleaning.
- the process up to the cleaning step of Step S20 can be performed by the same method as shown in FIG.
- the differential pressure measurement after completion of the cleaning process when the first vessel is being cleaned, the differential pressure is confirmed by setting the circulation of the cleaning chemical to the same flow direction and flow rate as when processing the liquid to be processed. .
- the differential pressure is confirmed by setting the flow rate to the same flow rate as when the liquid to be processed is processed (step S30). If the washed vessel is not sufficiently washed by measuring the differential pressure, the process returns to step S20 and is washed again.
- step S32 if the pressure difference is confirmed in the other vessel (step S32), the process returns to step S18, the cleaning liquid is selected, and the other vessel is washed. Do. When it is confirmed that the re-cleaning is sufficiently performed, a rinsing process for washing away the cleaning liquid is performed (step S34). After the rinsing process is completed, the operation of the reverse osmosis treatment device is resumed.
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Abstract
Description
出管58aを介して第1のベッセル80aから排出される。第1の排出管58aの出口には、計測器66および第1のバルブ64を備えている。第1のベッセルから排出された透過水は、図5に示すように、他の第1のベッセル80bから排出された透過水を計測器66の前で配管88により合流し排出する。また、それぞれの第1のベッセルに、計測器、第1のバルブを設けることで排出することもできる。
Claims (11)
- 一次処理によって被処理水を処理し、一次処理水および第1の透過水を生成する第1の圧力容器と、
二次処理によって前記一次処理水を処理し、二次処理水および第2の透過水を生成する第2の圧力容器と、
前記第1の圧力容器を洗浄する第1の洗浄液を貯留する第1の洗浄液貯槽と、
前記第2の圧力容器を洗浄する第2の洗浄液を貯留する第2の洗浄液貯槽と、を備え、
各前記第1の圧力容器および前記第2の圧力容器は、その中に、逆浸透膜を備える1個の逆浸透膜エレメント、あるいは、透過水が流れる集水配管により直列に複数接続した逆浸透膜エレメントを有し、前記透過水は逆浸透膜エレメントを透過したものであり、
前記第1の圧力容器は、
一方の端部に、前記被処理水を導入する被処理水導入管と、
他方の端部に、前記一次処理された前記被処理水を排出する第1の濃縮水排出管と、前記第1の透過水を排出する第1の排出管と、を有し、
前記第2の圧力容器は、
一方の端部に、前記一次処理水を導入する一次処理水導入管と、
他方の端部に、前記二次処理水を排出する第2の濃縮水排出管と、前記第2の透過水を排出する第2の排出管と、を有し、
前記第1の洗浄液貯槽は、前記第1の圧力容器の前記第1の濃縮水排出管に接続され、
前記第2の洗浄液貯槽は、前記第2の圧力容器の前記一次処理水導入管に接続される
逆浸透処理装置。 - 前記第1の洗浄液貯槽は、前記被処理水導入管に接続され、前記第2の洗浄液貯槽は、前記第2の濃縮水排出管に接続されている請求項1に記載の逆浸透処理装置。
- 前記第1の洗浄液貯槽の洗浄液を、前記第1の濃縮水排出管から前記第1の圧力容器内へ、そして、前記被処理水導入管へ送出する第1のポンプを備え、
前記第2の洗浄液貯槽からの洗浄液を、前記一次処理水導入管から前記第2の圧力容器内へ、そして、前記第2の濃縮水排出管へ送出する第2のポンプを備える請求項2に記載の逆浸透処理装置。 - 前記第1の圧力容器の前記被処理水用の上流側および前記一次処理水用の下流側に圧力計を有し、
前記第2の圧力容器の前記一次処理水用の上流側および前記二次処理水用の下流側に圧力計を有し、
前記第1の圧力容器の汚れは、前記第1の圧力容器の上流側および下流側の差圧によって検知し、
前記第2の圧力容器の汚れは、前記第2の圧力容器の上流側および下流側の差圧によって検知する請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の逆浸透処理装置。 - 前記第1の洗浄液貯槽内の第1の洗浄液が、有機系、微生物系の汚れを除去する洗浄液を含み、前記第2の洗浄液貯槽内の第2の洗浄液が、無機系の汚れを除去する洗浄液を含む請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の逆浸透処理装置。
- 前記第1の圧力容器内の第1の洗浄液および前記第2の圧力容器内の第2の洗浄液を洗い流すリンス液を貯留するリンス液貯槽を有する請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の逆浸透処理装置。
- 前記リンス液が、前記第1の透過水、第2の透過水または前記被処理水である請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の逆浸透処理装置。
- 一次処理によって被処理水を処理する第1の圧力容器の差圧と、前記一次処理によって処理された前記被処理水を二次処理によって処理する第2の圧力容器の差圧を確認して、前記第1の圧力容器と前記第2の圧力容器の汚れを判定し、
前記第1の圧力容器の差圧と前記第2の圧力容器の差圧に基づいて、前記第1の圧力容器および第2の圧力容器から洗浄すべき特定の圧力容器を決定し、
前記差圧確認工程により認定された汚れを有する前記特定された圧力容器に応じた洗浄薬剤を含む洗浄液を選定し、
前記洗浄液で前記特定の圧力容器を洗浄し、
前記洗浄工程後の前記第1の圧力容器および第2の圧力容器のそれぞれの圧力差を確認し、洗浄終了を判定する
逆浸透処理装置の洗浄方法。 - 前記洗浄終了判定工程の前または後に前記洗浄液を洗い流す請求項8に記載の逆浸透処理装置の洗浄方法。
- 前記リンス工程で使用されるリンス液は、前記逆浸透処理装置で生産された透過水、または、前記被処理水である請求項8または9に記載の逆浸透処理装置の洗浄方法。
- 前記差圧確認工程における差圧の上昇が第1の圧力容器および第2の圧力容器の使用前の差圧と比較して5%以上40%以下の範囲に達した場合に、洗浄が行われる請求項8または9に記載の逆浸透処理装置の洗浄方法。
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US14/366,339 US9833743B2 (en) | 2011-12-19 | 2012-12-06 | Reverse osmosis treatment device and method for cleaning reverse osmosis treatment device |
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CN104039427A (zh) | 2014-09-10 |
IN2014CN04563A (ja) | 2015-09-18 |
US9833743B2 (en) | 2017-12-05 |
AU2012355018A1 (en) | 2014-07-10 |
AU2012355018B2 (en) | 2016-02-18 |
JP5798908B2 (ja) | 2015-10-21 |
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