WO2013091457A1 - 闭循环式省煤器 - Google Patents

闭循环式省煤器 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2013091457A1
WO2013091457A1 PCT/CN2012/085019 CN2012085019W WO2013091457A1 WO 2013091457 A1 WO2013091457 A1 WO 2013091457A1 CN 2012085019 W CN2012085019 W CN 2012085019W WO 2013091457 A1 WO2013091457 A1 WO 2013091457A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tube bundle
heat
output device
energy output
closed cycle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2012/085019
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
程迪
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SHANGHAI FUBO EP EQUIPMENT CO Ltd
Original Assignee
SHANGHAI FUBO EP EQUIPMENT CO Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN2011205380511U external-priority patent/CN202403257U/zh
Priority claimed from CN2011104310022A external-priority patent/CN103175188A/zh
Application filed by SHANGHAI FUBO EP EQUIPMENT CO Ltd filed Critical SHANGHAI FUBO EP EQUIPMENT CO Ltd
Publication of WO2013091457A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013091457A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22DPREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D1/00Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
    • F22D1/02Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters with water tubes arranged in the boiler furnace, fire tubes or flue ways

Definitions

  • the invention relates to waste heat recovery of boiler exhaust, and particularly relates to a closed circulation type economizer. Kenjing fork does not
  • the biggest one is the heat loss of exhaust gas (about 4% ⁇ 8%), which accounts for about 70% of the heat loss of the boiler, and the main factor affecting the heat loss of the exhaust gas is the exhaust gas temperature;
  • the flue gas emitted by the boiler contains acid gas. When the smoke temperature is high, they will flow through the heating surfaces of the boiler to the desulfurization tower. It was removed. When the temperature of the smoke is below a certain temperature, they combine with the water vapor in the flue gas to form sulfuric acid and corrode the heat exchange equipment.
  • Low temperature corrosion typically occurs in the cold end of the air preheater and in the economizer where the feed water temperature is low.
  • the temperature of the heated surface is lower than the dew point of the flue gas, the water vapor in the flue gas and the sulfuric acid formed by the combustion of sulfur (only a small part of the sulfur fuel product) will condense on the heating surface. , severely corroded the heated surface.
  • the boiler exhaust gas temperature is usually designed to be high.
  • the new boiler is about 14CTC. After running for a period of time, it tends to be as high as 160 °C. This direct emission of flue gas causes a great waste of energy. .
  • there are mainly mature technologies such as heat pipe heat exchangers and low pressure economizers in China.
  • a heat pipe is a heat transfer element with high thermal conductivity. It transfers heat by evaporation and condensation of a working medium in a fully enclosed vacuum envelope. It has high thermal conductivity, good isothermality, and heat transfer on both sides. The area can be arbitrarily changed, and a series of advantages such as long-distance heat transfer.
  • the heat pipe heat exchanger composed of the heat pipe has the advantages of high heat transfer efficiency, compact structure, and favorable control of dew point corrosion. At present, energy-saving equipment that has been applied to waste heat recovery and heat energy utilization in the process has achieved remarkable economic benefits.
  • the main disadvantages are as follows: The heat transfer caused by non-condensable gas is deteriorated. Due to the difference in manufacturing process in the production process of industrial heat pipes, non-condensable gases are easily generated, as long as some of the heat pipes do not condense beyond the permissible limit, the heat pipes The heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger will decrease, the heat transfer efficiency will drop sharply, and the vacuum leak can not be remedied. The service life of the industrial heat pipe heat exchanger has been criticized.
  • the heat pipe wall temperature is adjusted by the number of heat pipes or the heat transfer area ratio of the hot and cold ends of the heat pipe.
  • the one-time design is above a certain dew point, and the temperature adjustable performance is poor.
  • the heat pipe heat exchanger tube cluster is usually installed vertically or with a slight inclination. When applied to boiler flue gas waste heat recovery, the boiler tail needs a horizontal smoke. Road, or a vertical flute with a lot of space.
  • the low-pressure economizer technology is more used in the large-scale boiler system, which is also determined by its own technical characteristics; it is installed in the flue of the boiler tail, using the condensation on the water side of the low-pressure heater in the steam turbine regenerative system.
  • the large electric unit has multi-stage low-pressure heaters.
  • the low-pressure economizer and the original several-stage low-pressure heaters can be connected in series to reduce the exhaust gas temperature and save energy.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a closed-loop economizer capable of flexibly controlling the wall temperature of the heat exchanger and effectively preventing acid corrosion.
  • a closed cycle type economizer comprising a convection heat absorbing tube bundle and a heat energy output device, the convection heat absorbing tube bundle comprising an inlet end and an outlet end, wherein the thermal energy output device comprises a heat source inlet end and a heat source outlet end, the convection The outlet end of the heat absorbing tube bundle is connected to the heat source inlet end of the thermal energy output device through a pipeline, and the heat source outlet end of the heat energy output device is connected to the inlet end of the convection heat absorbing tube bundle through a circulation pump, the convection heat absorbing tube bundle and the heat energy output
  • the device and the circulating pump form a loop, and the heating energy output device is further provided with a heating material inlet pipeline and a heating material outlet pipeline, wherein the heating material inlet pipeline is provided with a flow regulating valve, and the inlet end of the heat absorption tube bundle is provided with a temperature sensor.
  • the flow regulating valve and the temperature sensor are all connected to the control unit, and the temperature sensor measures the temperature of the medium at the inlet end of the convective heat absorbing tube bundle, and a preset value is set in the control unit, and the preset value is to be in the smoke-to-gas province.
  • the control unit also controls the flow regulating valve to make the convection heat absorption Medium temperature of the inlet end of the beam is located in the security zone.
  • the flow regulating valve controls the amount of heating material entering the thermal energy output device.
  • an inlet header is disposed at an inlet end of the convection heat absorption tube bundle
  • an outlet header is disposed at an outlet end of the convection heat absorption tube bundle.
  • the temperature sensor is disposed at the inlet header.
  • a replenishing valve is further disposed on the pipeline between the heat source outlet end of the thermal energy output device and the circulation pump.
  • the circulation pump has two, respectively, first and second circulation pumps, and the first and second circulation pumps are disposed in parallel at the heat source outlet end of the thermal energy output device and the inlet end of the convection heat absorption tube bundle. Between the pipes. Further, a pipeline between the outlet end of the heat source of the thermal energy output device and the input port of the circulation pump is provided with a first shut-off valve, and an outlet between the outlet of the circulation pump and the inlet end of the convection heat-absorbing tube bundle A check valve and a second shutoff valve are also provided.
  • a first shutoff valve is further disposed on the input pipeline of the first circulating pump, and a first check valve and a second shutoff valve are further disposed on the output pipeline of the first circulating pump;
  • a third shutoff valve is further disposed on the input pipeline, and a second check valve and a fourth shutoff valve are further disposed on the output pipeline of the second circulating pump.
  • an expansion tank is also provided on the pipeline between the circulation pump and the inlet header.
  • closed cycle economizer is disposed downstream of the air preheater.
  • the thermal energy output device is a non-contact heat exchange device.
  • the convection heat absorbing tube bundle is a light pipe type, a fin tube type, or a fin tube type heat exchanger.
  • the medium in the convection heat absorbing tube bundle is water or heat transfer oil.
  • the closed cycle type economizer of the invention can overcome many limitations and technical defects of the current heat pipe heat exchanger, low pressure economizer and the like, and the wall temperature control is more flexible, the application scope is broader, and the boiler utilization efficiency is improved. , Energy saving and environmental protection. DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a closed cycle type economizer according to the present invention.
  • 1-temperature sensor 2-inlet header; 3-boiler tail flue; 4-outlet header; 5-thermal energy output device; 6-flow regulating valve; 7-control unit; 8-heat source inlet end; 9-heat source outlet end; 10-heating material inlet pipe; 11-heating material outlet pipe; 12-convection heat pipe bundle; 13-expansion regulator tank; 14 one supply valve; 15 first stop valve; 16-cycle Pump; 161 first circulation pump; 162 second circulation pump; 17-check valve; 171 first check valve, 172-second check valve; 18 second stop valve; 19 third stop valve; Shut-off valve.
  • a closed cycle type economizer includes a convection heat absorbing tube bundle 12 and a thermal energy output device 5, and the convection heat absorbing tube bundle 12 includes an inlet end and an outlet end, and the thermal energy output device 5 includes The heat source inlet end 8, the heat source outlet end 9, the outlet end of the convection heat absorbing tube bundle 12 is connected to the heat source inlet end 8 of the thermal energy output device 5 through a pipeline, and the heat source outlet end 9 of the thermal energy output device 5 passes through the circulation pump 16 Connected to the inlet end of the convection heat absorbing tube bundle 12, the convection heat absorbing tube bundle 12, the thermal energy output device 5, and the circulation pump 16 form a circuit, and the heat energy output device 5 is further provided with a heating material inlet pipe 10 and a heating material outlet.
  • a flow regulating valve 6 is disposed on the heating material inlet pipe 10, and a temperature sensor 1 is disposed at an inlet end of the heat absorbing pipe bundle, and the flow regulating valve 6 and the temperature sensor 1 are connected to the control unit 7
  • the temperature sensor 1 measures the temperature of the medium at the inlet end of the flow heat absorbing tube bundle to a preset value, and the control unit 7 has a temperature preset value, and the preset value is in a safe area where the flue gas is low in micro-corrosion to the economizer.
  • the metal wall temperature is below the acid dew point.
  • the formed acid concentration interacts with the metal wall temperature to reach the maximum value of corrosion.
  • the metal wall temperature is greater than the acid dew point temperature of 20 °C (ie, the flue gas dew point temperature is -20 ° C)
  • the smoke The gas is very small for the provincial rust. Therefore, in order to make the economizer work safely, the metal wall temperature should be in the low-corrosion safety zone (the safety zone is the wall temperature flue gas dew point temperature -20 ° C).
  • the control unit 7 controls the flow regulating valve 6 such that the temperature of the medium entering the inlet end of the convective heat absorbing tube bundle 12 is within this safe zone.
  • the closed cycle type economizer according to the present invention is disposed downstream of the air preheater.
  • the convective heat absorbing tube bundle 12, the heat source output device 5, and the circulation pump 16, are connected in series to each other to form a closed loop.
  • the convection heat absorbing tube bundle 12 is installed in the flue gas duct 3 of the boiler, and the flue gas at the tail of the boiler is heated by the convection heat absorbing tube bundle 12 to achieve the purpose of reducing the exhaust gas temperature and recovering heat.
  • the heat recovered by the flue gas is carried away by the circulating medium flowing through the convection heat absorbing tube bundle 12, which is water or heat transfer oil, and the circulating medium radiates heat to the externally heated material in the thermal energy output device 5.
  • the convection heat absorbing tube bundle 12 is a light pipe type, a fin tube type, or a fin tube type heat exchanger.
  • the thermal energy output device 5 may be a general tubular water-water heat exchanger, or may be various devices utilizing thermal energy, such as a sludge drying device, a seawater desalination device, etc., but regardless of the heat exchange device, All are non-contact.
  • the heat source is heated high-temperature circulating water or heat-conducting oil flowing through the convection heat-absorbing tube bundle 12, and the cold source is a substance heated by the outside; after the heat and heat source passes through the heat-exchange device 5, the temperature of the heat source circulating medium is lowered. After being pressurized by the circulation pump 16, it flows into the convection heat absorbing tube bundle 12 again, so that it absorbs heat in the convection heat absorbing tube bundle 12, releases heat in the heat energy output device 5, and reciprocates.
  • the inlet end of the convection heat absorbing tube bundle 12 is provided with an inlet header 2, and the outlet end of the convection heat absorbing tube bundle 12 is provided with an outlet header 4, and the temperature sensor 1 is disposed at the inlet header 2.
  • the temperature control anti-corrosion mechanism of the whole closed cycle is:
  • the flue gas dew point temperature of the boiler is Tl.
  • the temperature range of the safety zone is T T1-20 °C
  • the circulating medium temperature of the convection heat absorbing tube bundle 12 is set to T2, T2 ⁇ T1-20 °C, and the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 1 is T3. That is, the temperature inside the tube of the convection heat absorbing tube bundle 12 is ⁇ 3, and the temperature at the wall surface temperature (outside of the tube) of the convection heat absorbing tube bundle 12 is ⁇ 4.
  • the heat transfer coefficient is much higher than the heat transfer coefficient of the flue gas side, so that the wall temperature of the tube bundle ⁇ 4 (ie, the side contacting the flue gas) is slightly higher than the circulating medium in the tube.
  • the endothermic temperature increases by 20 ⁇ 30 °C, and the flue gas temperature drops to about T2+15 °C, and the heat is transferred from the flue gas to the circulating medium. process.
  • the temperature of the circulating medium at the outlet end of the convection heat absorbing tube bundle 12 is T2+20 to 30 °C.
  • the circulating medium of this temperature passes through the pipeline to the thermal energy output device 5, where the heat is transferred to the cold source, a substance to be heated by the outside. Therefore, the temperature at the inlet end of the convective heat absorbing tube bundle 12 measured by the temperature sensor 1 cannot be lower than the temperature of the flue gas dew point.
  • the invention is achieved by adjusting the flow regulating valve 6. On the material inlet line of the thermal energy 3 ⁇ 4 straight, the opening of the flow regulating valve 6 is adjusted to control the amount of the substance to be heated outside, which also controls the medium temperature of the heat source output end of the thermal energy output device 5.
  • the temperature of the circulating medium entering the convective heat absorbing tube bundle 12 can be increased or decreased indirectly, so that it is located in a safe area with low micro-corrosion, and acid etch corrosion of the convection heat absorbing tube bundle 12 is avoided.
  • control unit 7 is a control panel.
  • the control unit 7 controls the opening degree of the flow regulating valve 6 to adjust the amount of the heating substance entering the thermal energy output device 5.
  • the temperature sensor 1 measures the temperature of the circulating medium entering the convective heat absorbing tube bundle 12 in real time, and feeds this temperature information back to the control unit 7 to keep the temperature in a safe zone with low micro-corrosion.
  • a supply valve 14 is also provided on the line between the heat source outlet end 9 of the thermal energy output device 5 and the circulation pump 16. Before the system is activated, the supply valve 14 should be opened first, and the circulating medium should be injected.
  • the circulating medium is generally the demineralized water or the heat transfer oil of the boiler.
  • the injected medium is generally ambient temperature.
  • an expansion tank 13 is provided on the system pipeline, and in this embodiment, the expansion is performed.
  • a surge tank 13 is provided on the line between the circulation pump 16 and the inlet header 2. The arrangement of the expansion tank 13 on the other hand also prevents the localization of the circulating medium from causing heat transfer deterioration.
  • the circulation pump 16 has two, first and second circulation pumps 161 and 162, and the first and second circulation pumps 161 and 162 are disposed in parallel at the heat source outlet end 9 of the thermal energy output device 5 and convectively.
  • a first shutoff valve is further disposed on the input line of the first circulating pump 161, and the first check valve 171 and the second shutoff valve 18 are further disposed on the output line of the first circulating pump 161; the second cycle
  • a third shutoff valve 19 is further disposed on the input line of the pump 162.
  • the second check valve 172 and the fourth shutoff valve 20 are further disposed on the output line of the second circulating pump 162.
  • the circulation pump 16 is a two-stage parallel structure, and the equipment can be used in one operation.
  • the closed-loop economizer of the invention can heat the materials at each initial temperature, and ensures that the equipment has no acid dew corrosion, so that it is more widely used.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

一种闭循环式省煤器,包括对流吸热管束、热能输出装置以及循环泵,所述对流吸热管束、热能输出装置、和循环泵组成回路,热能输出装置上分别设有加热物质进口管路、加热物质出口管路,所述加热物质进口管路上设流量调节阀,吸热管束的进口端设有温度传感器,所述流量调节阀、温度传感器均与控制单元连接,所述温度传感器测量对流吸热管束的进口端的介质温度,控制单元内设一预设值,所述预设值要在烟气对省煤器低微腐蚀的安全区内,所述控制单元还控制流量调节阀,使进入对流吸热管束的进口端的介质温度位于这一安全区内。

Description

闭循环式省煤器 技术领域
本发明涉及锅炉排烟的余热回收, 特别涉及一种闭循环式省煤器。 肯京扠不
锅炉的热损失中,最大的一项是排烟热损失(约为 4%〜8%),一般占到锅炉热损失的 70%左 右,而影响排烟热损失的主要因素就是排烟温度; 排烟温度越低, 锅炉排烟损失越小, 锅炉的 效率越高, 然而锅炉排放的烟气中含有酸性气体, 烟温高时它们会以气态的形式流经锅炉各 受热面直至到脱硫塔里被除去。 当烟温低于某一温度时, 它们会与烟气中的水蒸气结合成硫 酸而腐蚀换热设备。 低温腐蚀通常出现在空气预热器的冷端以及给水温度低的省煤器中。 当 受热面的温度低于烟气的露点时, 烟气中的水蒸气和煤燃烧后所生成的三氧化硫 (只是硫的 燃料产物的很少一部分) 结合成的硫酸会凝结在受热面上, 严重腐蚀受热面。 为避免锅炉尾 部受热面的酸露腐蚀, 通常锅炉排烟温度设计较高, 新锅炉 14CTC左右, 运行一段时间后往往 会高达 160°C, 这部分烟气的直接排放造成了很大的能源浪费。 对于这部分烟气余热的回收, 目前国内主要有热管换热器、 低压省煤器等成熟技术。
热管技术首先于 20世纪 40年代由美国人发现, 当时因未显示出实用意义, 而没有受到 应有的重视。 直到六十年代初期, 由于宇航事业的发展, 首先成功地应用于宇航技术, 之后 引起了各国学者的极大兴趣和重视。 热管是一种具有高导热性能的传热元件, 它通过在全封 闭真空管壳内工质的蒸发与凝结来传递热量, 具有很高的导热性、 良好的等温性、 冷热两侧 的传热面积可任意改变、 可远距离传热等一系列优点。 由热管组成的热管换热器具有传热效 率高、 结构紧凑、 有利于控制露点腐蚀等优点。 目前已应用于废热回收和工艺过程中热能利 用的节能设备, 取得了显著的经济效益。 其缺点主要有: 其一为不凝气体带来的传热变差, 由于工业用热管生产过程中的制造工艺差异, 容易产生不凝气体, 只要其中部分热管的不凝 气超出许可极限, 热管换热器整体换热效率就会下降, 传热效率急剧下降, 加之真空泄漏无 法补救, 工业用热管换热器使用寿命一直为人所诟病。 其二, 热管壁温通过调整热管数量或 热管冷热端的传热面积比, 一次性设计在某一露点以上, 温度可调节性能差。 其三, 为了使 内部循环工质的冷凝自然回流, 热管换热管簇通常为竖直安装或带有一点斜度的水平安装, 应用于锅炉烟气余热回收时, 则锅炉尾部需要一段水平烟道, 或空间很大的竖直烟道。 低压省煤器技术则是更多地运用在大电站锅炉系统中,这也是由其自身技术特点决定的; 它安装在锅炉尾部烟道中, 利用汽轮机回热系统中的低压加热器水侧的凝结水而非高压给水 来冷却烟气, 其换热条件类似于省煤器, 但水侧的压力远远低于省煤器的压力, 故称其低压 省煤器。 它所加热的冷凝水进口温度较高, 因而避免了换热器壁面温度低所带来的酸露腐蚀 问题; 但是这一防酸露腐蚀机理也大大限制了其应用范围, 而且换热器壁面温度不可控制, 大电 的机组有多级低压加热器, 可以通过选择合适冷凝水温切入点, 把低压省煤器和原有 的几级低压加热器串、 并联起来, 达到降低排烟温度、 节能的目的; 在没有低压加热器的机 组中或换热器壁温控制要求严格的场合, 低压省煤器便不再适用。 发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种闭循环式省煤器, 能灵活控制换热器壁温, 有效防 止酸露腐蚀。
本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种闭循环式省煤器, 包括对流吸热管束、 和热能输出装置, 所述对流吸热管束包括进 口端和出口端, 所述热能输出装置包括热源进口端、 热源出口端, 所述对流吸热管束的出口 端通过管路与热能输出装置的热源进口端连接, 所述热能输出装置的热源出口端通过循环泵 与对流吸热管束的进口端连接, 所述对流吸热管束、 热能输出装置、 和循环泵组成回路, 热 能输出装置上还分别设有加热物质进口管路、 加热物质出口管路, 所述加热物质进口管路上 设流量调节阀, 吸热管束的进口端设有温度传感器, 所述流量调节阀、 温度传感器均与控制 单元连接, 所述温度传感器测量对流吸热管束的进口端的介质温度, 控制单元内设一预设值, 所述预设值要在烟气对省煤器低微腐蚀的安全区内, 所述控制单元还控制流量调节阀, 使进 入对流吸热管束的进口端的介质温度位于这一安全区内。
进一步地, 所述流量调节阀控制进入热能输出装置的加热物质的量。
进一步地, 所述对流吸热管束的进口端设进口集管, 所述对流吸热管束的出口端设出口 集管。
进一步地, 所述温度传感器设在进口集管处。
进一步地, 在所述热能输出装置的热源出口端和循环泵之间的管路上还设有补给阀。 进一步地, 所述循环泵有两个, 分别为第一、 第二循环泵, 所述第一、 第二循环泵并联 地设置在热能输出装置的热源出口端与对流吸热管束的进口端之间的管路上。 进一步地, 所述热能输出装置的热源出口端与循环泵的输入口之间的管路上设有第一截 止阀,所述循环泵的输出口与对流吸热管束的进口端之间的管路上还设单向阀和第二截止阀。
进一步地, 所述第一循环泵的输入管路上还设有第一截至阀, 所述第一循环泵的输出管 路上还设第一单向阀和第二截止阀; 所述第二循环泵的输入管路上还设有第三截止阀, 所述 第二循环泵的输出管路上还设第二单向阀和第四截止阀。
迸- -^地, 在所述循环泵和进口集管之间的管路上还设有膨胀稳压罐。
进-步地, 所述闭循环式省煤器设于空预器的下游。
进-步地, 所述热能输出装置为非接触式换热装置。
进-步地, 所述对流吸热管束为光管式、 翅片管式、 或鳍片管式换热器。
进-步地, 所述对流吸热管束中的介质为水或导热油。
本发明涉及的闭循环式省煤器, 能克服目前热管换热器、 低压省煤器等使用场合诸多的 限制和技术缺陷, 壁温控制更为灵活, 适用范围更为广阔, 提高锅炉利用效率, 节能环保。 附图说明
图 1为本发明涉及的闭循环式省煤器的结构示意图。
图中, 1-温度传感器; 2-进口集管; 3-锅炉尾部烟道; 4-出口集管; 5-热能输出装置; 6-流量调节阀; 7-控制单元; 8-热源进口端; 9-热源出口端; 10-加热物质进口管路; 11-加 热物质出口管路; 12-对流吸热管束; 13-膨胀稳压罐; 14一补给阀; 15 第一截止阀; 16— 循环泵; 161 第一循环泵; 162 第二循环泵; 17—单向阀; 171 第一单向阀, 172—第二 单向阀; 18 第二截止阀; 19 第三截止阀; 20 第四截止阀。
具体实施方式
参见图 1, 为本发明涉及的闭循环式省煤器, 包括对流吸热管束 12、 和热能输出装置 5, 所述对流吸热管束 12包括进口端和出口端, 所述热能输出装置 5包括热源进口端 8、 热源出 口端 9, 所述对流吸热管束 12的出口端通过管路与热能输出装置 5的热源进口端 8连接, 所 述热能输出装置 5的热源出口端 9通过循环泵 16与对流吸热管束 12的进口端连接, 所述对 流吸热管束 12、 热能输出装置 5、 和循环泵 16组成回路, 热能输出装置 5上还分别设有加热 物质进口管路 10、加热物质出口管路 11, 所述加热物质进口管路 10上设流量调节阀 6, 吸热 管束的进口端设有温度传感器 1, 所述流量调节阀 6、 温度传感器 1均与控制单元 7连接,所 述温度传感器 1测量流吸热管束的进口端的介质温度为一预设值, 控制单元 7内设一温度预 设值, 所述预设值要在烟气对省煤器低微腐蚀的安全区内, 我们知道, 酸液对钢材的腐蚀程 度和酸液的浓度、 两者接触时的壁面温度等等因素有关, 对于锅炉烟气腐蚀流经的受热面来 说, 金属壁面温度在酸露点以下 20〜45 °C时, 形成的酸液浓度与金属壁面温度相互作用, 达 到腐蚀的极大值, 金属壁面温度大于酸露点温度 20°C时 (即烟气酸露点温度 -20°C ), 烟气对 省保器腐 1¾很小, 因此为了使省煤器安全工作, 其金属壁面温度应位于低微腐蚀的安全区内 (所述安全区即壁面温度 烟气酸露点温度 -20°C )。所述控制单元 7控制流量调节阀 6, 使进 入对流吸热管束 12的进口端的介质温度位于这一安全区内。
本发明涉及的闭循环式省煤器设于空预器的下游。 对流吸热管束 12、 热源输出装置 5、 和循环泵 16,三者相互串联形成一闭合的循环回路。所述对流吸热管束 12安装于锅炉尾部烟 道 3中,锅炉尾部的烟气经过对流吸热管束 12放热后,达到降低排烟温度、回收热量的目的。 烟气回收的热量由流经对流吸热管束 12内的循环介质带走, 所述循环介质为水或导热油,循 环介质在热能输出装置 5中放热给外界所需加热的物质。
所述对流吸热管束 12为光管式、 翅片管式、 或鳍片管式换热器。 所述热能输出装置 5可 以是一般的列管式水 -水换热器, 也可以是各种利用热能的装置, 如污泥干化装置、 海水淡化 装置等, 但无论何种换热装置, 均为非接触式。 其热源为流经对流吸热管束 12内经过加热的 高温循环水或导热油, 冷源为外界所需加热的物质; 冷、 热源在热能输出装置 5经过换热后, 热源循环介质温度降低,经过循环泵 16加压后再次流入对流吸热管束 12,如此在对流吸热管 束 12吸热, 在热能输出装置 5中放热, 往复循环。
所述对流吸热管束 12的进口端设进口集管 2,所述对流吸热管束 12的出口端设出口集管 4, 所述温度传感器 1设在进口集管 2处。
为了控制烟气温度不能过低, 整个闭循环的温控防腐蚀机理为: 我们假设锅炉的烟气酸 露点温度为 Tl, 根据上述安全区的叙述, 可知安全区的温度区间为 T T1-20°C, 此时设置进 对流吸热管束 12的循环介质温度为 T2, T2^T1-20°C , 温度传感器 1测得的温度为 T3。 即 对流吸热管束 12的管内侧的温度为 Τ3,对流吸热管束 12的壁面温度(管外侧)的温度为 Τ4。 因对流吸热管束 12的管内侧为介质的对流换热, 其传热系数远高于烟气侧换热系数, 使得管 束的壁面温度 Τ4 (即与烟气接触侧)略高于管内循环介质侧温度 Τ3, 也就是说管内循环介质 侧温度 Τ3即此时的循环介质温度 Τ2,因此此时对流吸热管束 12壁面温度(管外侧) Τ4〉Τ3= T2^T1-20°C , 位于低微腐蚀的安全区内, 所以对流吸热管束 12不受酸露腐蚀影响, 或轻微 腐蚀。 T2温度下的循环介质流经对流吸热管束 12后, 吸热温度升高 20〜30°C, 而烟气温度降 至 T2+15 °C左右, 完成了热量由烟气传给循环介质的过程。 此时对流吸热管束 12的出口端的 循环介质温度为 T2+20〜30°C。 该温度的循环介质经过管路到达热能输出装置 5, 在热能输出 装置 5中把热量传给冷源一外界所需加热的物质。 因此, 温度传感器 1测出的对流吸热管束 12的进口端的温度不能低于烟气酸露点温度。 本发明通过调整流量调节阀 6来实现。 在热能 ¾出 直 5的物质进口管路上, 调节流量调节阀 6的开度以控制外界所需加热的物质的量, 这样也控制了热能输出装置 5的热源输出端的介质温度。 因此可以间接地提高或降低进入对 流吸热管束 12的循环介质温度, 使其位于低微腐蚀的安全区内, 避免对流吸热管束 12的酸 露腐蚀。
在本实施例中, 控制单元 7为控制电柜。 控制单元 7控制流量调节阀 6的开度, 以调节 进入热能输出装置 5的加热物质的量。 同时, 温度传感器 1实时测量进入对流吸热管束 12的 循环介质温度, 并将此温度信息反馈给控制单元 7, 以保持该温度位于低微腐蚀的安全区内。
在所述热能输出装置 5的热源出口端 9和循环泵 16之间的管路上还设有补给阀 14。系统 启用前应先开启补给阀 14, 注入循环介质, 此处循环介质一般为锅炉的除盐水或导热油。 注 入的介质一般为环境温度, 当加热后温度升高, 由于为闭循环, 为缓解介质升高的水体积膨 胀应力, 在系统管路上设有膨胀稳压罐 13, 在本实施例中, 膨胀稳压罐 13设在所述循环泵 16和进口集管 2之间的管路上。膨胀稳压罐 13的设置另一方面也能防止循环介质局部气化带 来传热恶化。
所述循环泵 16有两个, 分别为第一、第二循环泵 161、 162, 所述第一、第二循环泵 161、 162并联地设置在热能输出装置 5的热源出口端 9与对流吸热管束 12的进口端之间的管路上。 所述第一循环泵 161的输入管路上还设有第一截至阀, 所述第一循环泵 161的输出管路上还 设第一单向阀 171和第二截止阀 18;所述第二循环泵 162的输入管路上还设有第三截止阀 19, 所述第二循环泵 162的输出管路上还设第二单向阀 172和第四截止阀 20。循环泵 16为两台并 联结构, 设备运行时可一用一备。
本发明涉及的闭循环式省煤器可对各初始温度的物质进行加热, 而且保证设备无酸露腐 蚀, 使其运用更广泛。

Claims

权利要求书
1. 一种闭循环式省煤器, 包括对流吸热管束 (12)、 和热能输出装置 (5 ), 所述对流吸热管 束 (12) 包括进口端和出口端, 所述热能输出装置 (5 ) 包括热源进口端 (8)、 热源出口 端 (9), 所述对流吸热管束 (12) 的出口端通过管路与热能输出装置 (5 ) 的热源进口端
( 8) 连接, 所述热能输出装置 (5 ) 的热源出口端 (9) 通过循环泵 (16) 与对流吸热管 束 (12) 的进口端连接, 所述对流吸热管束 (12)、 热能输出装置 (5 )、 和循环泵 (16) 组成回路, 其特征是: 热能输出装置 (5 ) 上还分别设有加热物质进口管路 (10)、 加热物 质出口管路 (11 ), 所述加热物质进口管路 (10) 上设流量调节阀 (6), 吸热管束的进口 端设有温度传感器(1 ), 所述流量调节阀 (6)、温度传感器(1 )均与控制单元(7)连接, 所述温度传感器 (1 )测量对流吸热管束 (12) 的进口端的介质温度, 控制单元 (7) 内设 一预设值, 所述预设值在烟气对省煤器低微腐蚀的安全区内, 所述控制单元 (7) 还控制 流量调节阀 (6), 使进入对流吸热管束 (12) 进口端的介质温度位于所述安全区内。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的闭循环式省煤器, 其特征是: 所述流量调节阀 (6) 控制进入热能 输出装置 (5 ) 的加热物质的量。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的闭循环式省煤器, 其特征是: 所述对流吸热管束 (12) 的进口端设 进口集管 (2), 所述对流吸热管束 (12) 的出口端设出口集管 (4)。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的闭循环式省煤器, 其特征是: 所述温度传感器 (1 ) 设在进口集管
(2) 处。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的闭循环式省煤器, 其特征是: 在所述热能输出装置 (5 ) 的热源出 口端 (9) 和循环泵 (16) 之间的管路上还设有补给阀 (14)。
6. 根据权利要求 1所述的闭循环式省煤器, 其特征是: 所述循环泵 (16)有两个, 分别为第 一、 第二循环泵 (161、 162), 所述第一、 第二循环泵 (161、 162) 并联地设置在热能输 出装置 (5 ) 的热源出口端 (9) 与对流吸热管束 (12) 的进口端之间的管路上。
7. 根据权利要求 1所述的闭循环式省煤器, 其特征是: 所述热能输出装置 (5 ) 的热源出口 端 (9) 与循环泵 (16) 的输入口之间的管路上设有第一截止阀 (15 ), 所述循环泵 (16) 的输出口与对流吸热管束(12)的进口端之间的管路上还设单向阀(17)和第二截止阀(18)。
8. 根据权利要求 6所述的闭循环式省煤器, 其特征是: 所述第一循环泵 ( 161 ) 的输入管路 上还设有第一截止阀 (15 ), 所述第一循环泵 (161 ) 的输出管路上还设第一单向阀 (171) 和第二截止阀 (18); 所述第二循环泵 (162) 的输入管路上还设有第三截止阀 (19), 所 述第二循环泵 (162) 的输出管路上还设第二单向阀 (172) 和第四截止阀 (20)。
9. 根据权利要求 3所述的闭循环式省煤器, 其特征是: 在所述循环泵 (16)和进口集管 (2) 之间的管路上还设有膨胀稳压罐 (13 )。
10. 根据权利要求 1所述的闭循环式省煤器, 其特征是: 所述闭循环式省煤器设于空预器 的下游。
11. 报据权利要求 1所述的闭循环式省煤器, 其特征是: 所述热能输出装置 (5 ) 为非接 触式换热装置。
12. 根据权利要求 1所述的闭循环式省煤器, 其特征是: 所述对流吸热管束 (12) 为光管 式、 翅片管式、 或鳍片管式换热器。
13. 根据权利要求 1所述的闭循环式省煤器, 其特征是: 所述对流吸热管束 (12) 中的介 质为水或导热油。
PCT/CN2012/085019 2011-12-20 2012-11-22 闭循环式省煤器 Ceased WO2013091457A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2011205380511U CN202403257U (zh) 2011-12-20 2011-12-20 闭循环式省煤器
CN2011104310022A CN103175188A (zh) 2011-12-20 2011-12-20 闭循环式省煤器
CN201120538051.1 2011-12-20
CN201110431002.2 2011-12-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013091457A1 true WO2013091457A1 (zh) 2013-06-27

Family

ID=48667703

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2012/085019 Ceased WO2013091457A1 (zh) 2011-12-20 2012-11-22 闭循环式省煤器

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2013091457A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105180144A (zh) * 2015-08-14 2015-12-23 中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司 锅炉烟气余热回收系统

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS57144896A (en) * 1981-03-03 1982-09-07 Matsushita Refrig Co Waste heat recovery device
JP3082826B2 (ja) * 1994-10-24 2000-08-28 三菱重工業株式会社 排熱回収装置
CN201892454U (zh) * 2010-07-30 2011-07-06 安丽芳 整体均温分体式热管换热器
CN202403257U (zh) * 2011-12-20 2012-08-29 上海康洪精密机械有限公司 闭循环式省煤器

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS57144896A (en) * 1981-03-03 1982-09-07 Matsushita Refrig Co Waste heat recovery device
JP3082826B2 (ja) * 1994-10-24 2000-08-28 三菱重工業株式会社 排熱回収装置
CN201892454U (zh) * 2010-07-30 2011-07-06 安丽芳 整体均温分体式热管换热器
CN202403257U (zh) * 2011-12-20 2012-08-29 上海康洪精密机械有限公司 闭循环式省煤器

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105180144A (zh) * 2015-08-14 2015-12-23 中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司 锅炉烟气余热回收系统

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN204254934U (zh) 一种利用压缩式热泵实现锅炉烟气余热深度回收的供热系统
CN102734787A (zh) 顺流式锅炉烟气余热回收系统
CN102538203B (zh) 一种导热油炉尾气余热回收装置
CN103216972A (zh) 一种新型燃气锅炉排烟热回收方法
JP2015525863A (ja) 並流式ボイラー排煙ガス余熱回収システム
WO2012097602A1 (zh) 利用烟气余热产生低压蒸汽的系统
CN106403628A (zh) 一种窑炉低品位余热连续回收利用系统
CN201827879U (zh) 卧式自然循环换热器
CN203771380U (zh) 一种冷凝余热回收蒸汽锅炉
CN103791477B (zh) 一种耐用防露堵组合式烟气余热利用装置
CN105841180A (zh) 一种卧式相变烟气余热回收双效加热系统及其控制方法
CN106016240A (zh) 一种小型燃煤锅炉组合式省煤器
CN202485507U (zh) 锅炉烟气余热回收装置
CN102620310B (zh) 一种防低温腐蚀的空气预热器系统
CN104359223A (zh) 以汽轮机乏汽作为电站锅炉暖风器热介质的系统及方法
CN205878220U (zh) 一种燃煤锅炉组合式空气预热器
CN202581382U (zh) 一种防低温腐蚀的空气预热器系统
CN208154872U (zh) 热水倒串联直燃双效型溴化锂吸收式热泵机组
CN103542423B (zh) 一种热管空气预热器
WO2013091457A1 (zh) 闭循环式省煤器
CN206755129U (zh) 一种利用锅炉烟气余热的蒸汽发生装置
CN205402673U (zh) 一种锅炉的尾部机构
CN202229154U (zh) 利用有机热载体炉烟气余热产生低压蒸汽的系统
CN106016343A (zh) 一种燃煤锅炉组合式空气预热器
CN102322624A (zh) 利用有机热载体炉烟气余热产生低压蒸汽的系统

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 12858814

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

32PN Ep: public notification in the ep bulletin as address of the adressee cannot be established

Free format text: NOTING OF LOSS OF RIGHTS PURSUANT TO RULE 112(1) EPC (EPO FORM 1205A DATED 02.10.14)

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 12858814

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1