WO2013086817A1 - 一种混凝土泵车 - Google Patents

一种混凝土泵车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013086817A1
WO2013086817A1 PCT/CN2012/073837 CN2012073837W WO2013086817A1 WO 2013086817 A1 WO2013086817 A1 WO 2013086817A1 CN 2012073837 W CN2012073837 W CN 2012073837W WO 2013086817 A1 WO2013086817 A1 WO 2013086817A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
chassis
pump truck
longitudinal
rail
concrete pump
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/073837
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱红
陈先
姚震
Original Assignee
湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司
三一重工股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司, 三一重工股份有限公司 filed Critical 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司
Publication of WO2013086817A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013086817A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
    • B66C23/78—Supports, e.g. outriggers, for mobile cranes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
    • E04G21/04—Devices for both conveying and distributing
    • E04G21/0418—Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose
    • E04G21/0436—Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose on a mobile support, e.g. truck
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
    • E04G21/04—Devices for both conveying and distributing
    • E04G21/0418—Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose
    • E04G21/0445—Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose with booms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to a concrete pump truck.
  • the concrete pump truck includes a chassis and a top, and the top includes a fixed turret and boom system.
  • the fixed turret is fixed on the chassis, the side of the fixed turret is used to connect the legs, and the slewing mechanism is arranged above the fixed turret.
  • the jib system is arranged on the turret, and the slewing mechanism drives the turret to rotate relative to the fixed turret, thereby driving The boom rotates relative to the chassis.
  • the concrete pump truck When the concrete pump truck is working, it is mainly supported on the ground by the legs provided at the fixed turret.
  • the support points of the legs are connected to form the support surface of the concrete pump truck.
  • the center of gravity of the car body is located in the support surface to ensure the car.
  • the body is in a stable, non-tip state.
  • the center of gravity of the pump truck When the boom is long and the turning speed is fast, the center of gravity of the pump truck has a large radius (the center of gravity is larger than the center of gravity when the boom is not extended, and the offset is large), in order to ensure that the supporting surface can satisfy the stable support.
  • the demand for the pump truck legs often needs to extend a long distance to enlarge the support surface area, so that the offset center of gravity can still fall within the support surface.
  • the pump truck legs extend a long distance, it is necessary to occupy a large space.
  • the legs of the pump truck cannot extend according to the stable demand, and the stability requirement of the vehicle body cannot be met.
  • the stability depends to some extent on the length of the legs, it is necessary to process the longer legs, which increases the weight of the body and the cost of production.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a concrete pump truck, wherein a rail is arranged between the top of the pump truck and the chassis.
  • a rail is arranged between the top of the pump truck and the chassis.
  • the chassis can be used as a counterweight to adjust the center of gravity of the pump truck, enhance the stability of the vehicle body, and reduce the length of the pump truck legs.
  • the present invention provides a concrete pump truck including a chassis and a top mount, the top mount being mounted on the chassis, and one of the top mount and the chassis is provided with a first track, The other runs along the first track to translate the tops relative to the chassis.
  • the first driving device is further configured to drive the other chassis and the top loading to operate relative to each other along the first track.
  • the first rail is a longitudinal rail disposed on a main beam of the chassis and extending along a length direction of the main beam; and the top beam is provided with a longitudinal direction of the longitudinal rail Chute.
  • a lateral slide rail is fixed on the longitudinal sliding groove, and a lateral sliding groove is fixed to a bottom of the beam;
  • the first driving device includes a first driving component and a second driving component;
  • the member drives the longitudinal chute to slide along the longitudinal rail, and the second drive member drives the transverse chute to slide along the transverse rail.
  • the first driving component and the second driving component are respectively a first telescopic cylinder and a second telescopic cylinder;
  • the longitudinal rails are respectively disposed on the two main beams, and the two longitudinal rails are disposed between a lateral connecting beam, a transverse beam is disposed between the two longitudinal sliding grooves that cooperate with the two longitudinal sliding rails, one end of the first telescopic cylinder is connected to the transverse beam, and the other end is connected to the connecting beam
  • the transverse chutes are arranged in parallel with a longitudinal beam between the transverse chutes, one end of the second telescopic cylinder is connected to the longitudinal beam, and the other end is connected to the longitudinal chute.
  • the chassis is further provided with a first locking device that locks the beam to a predetermined position of the chassis.
  • a pumping system of the concrete pump truck is provided on the chassis.
  • the top loading slewing mechanism is fixed on a fixed turret of a concrete pump truck, and one of the fixed turret and the slewing mechanism is provided with a second rail, and the other is operated along the second trajectory .
  • the second track is a slide rail disposed on the fixed turret
  • the slewing mechanism has a sliding slot stuck to the sliding rail, and further comprises driving the sliding slot to run along the sliding rail The second driving device.
  • the fixed turret has the slide rails disposed in parallel, the bottom of the slewing mechanism has corresponding parallel sliding grooves, a cross beam is arranged between the sliding slots, and the second driving
  • the device is a telescopic cylinder, one end of the telescopic cylinder is connected to the beam, and the other end is connected to the fixed turret; and the fixed turret is provided with a second locking device, the second locking device will rotate the The mechanism is locked to a predetermined position of the fixed turret.
  • the concrete pump truck provided by the invention provides a track between the upper body and the chassis, and the arm frame is displayed.
  • the chassis can be driven relative to the top according to the direction and length of the boom, that is, the chassis can be used as a counterweight, thereby flexibly adjusting the center of gravity of the pump truck to increase stability.
  • the radius of the center of gravity of the pump truck is reduced, and the required support surface area is reduced, which can effectively reduce the length of the extension of the pump leg, thereby reducing the space occupied by the legs and making the pump suitable for use.
  • the car body In the construction site where the space is small, or when the length of the pump leg is insufficient, the car body is prevented from tipping over; and, since the length of the leg of the pump car can be shortened, the production cost can be reduced and the weight of the whole vehicle can be reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a concrete embodiment of a concrete pump truck according to the present invention, wherein the arm frame is received on a vehicle body;
  • Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of the portion A of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the track on the chassis of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the portion B of Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of the C portion of Figure 3;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the longitudinal rail and the longitudinal chute in Figure 3;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of the boom system of Figure 1 deployed toward the rear of the vehicle body;
  • Figure 8 is a structural schematic view showing another embodiment of the concrete pump truck provided by the present invention, which omits the track between the chassis and the fixed turret;
  • Figure 9 is a plan view of the fixed turret of Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of the slide rail on the fixed turret of Figure 9 and the upper chute of the swing mechanism;
  • Figure 11 is a side view of Figure 10;
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of the boom extending forward in Figure 9.
  • the core of the invention provides a concrete pump truck.
  • a track is arranged between the pump chassis and the fixed turret.
  • the fixed turret and the chassis can be The track is relatively operated, so that the top or the chassis can be used as a counterweight to adjust the center of gravity of the pump truck, enhance the stability of the vehicle body, and reduce the length of the pump truck legs.
  • FIG. 1 is a specific implementation of the concrete pump truck provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a portion A of FIG. 1; FIG. A partial enlarged view of the part.
  • the concrete pump truck of this embodiment has a chassis 20, a boom system, and an intermediate member disposed between the chassis 20 and the boom system.
  • the chassis 20 generally has a main beam, and the main beam is a main load-bearing structure;
  • the intermediate member in this embodiment includes a fixed turret 70, the side mounting front leg 301 and the rear leg 302 of the fixed turret 70, and the fixed turret 70 Other components may be installed inside.
  • the top of the fixed turret 70 is provided with a swing mechanism 60.
  • the boom system includes a boom 10 and a turntable. The turntable is disposed on the swing mechanism 60. The boom 10 and the turntable are under the action of the swing mechanism 60. Rotation with respect to the intermediate member and the chassis 20.
  • the pump truck is further provided with a first driving device
  • the chassis 20 is provided with a first track
  • the first driving device drives the fixed turret 70 of the pump truck to run along the first track
  • the fixed turret shown in the figure 70 is set on Fu Liang.
  • the first rail may be a longitudinal rail 201 extending along the length of the main beam of the chassis 20, and the two main beams of the chassis 20 are respectively provided with a longitudinal rail 201, and the bottom of the beam is correspondingly provided with two longitudinal rails 201. Longitudinal chute 401.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the longitudinal sliding rail and the longitudinal sliding slot of FIG.
  • the inner wall of the longitudinal sliding slot 401 is buckled, and the longitudinal sliding rail
  • the cross section of the 201 is substantially horizontal "H" or T-shaped. After the longitudinal sliding groove 401 is caught by the longitudinal sliding rail 201, the two can only slide relative to each other and cannot move in the lateral or vertical direction. The top is not detached from the chassis 20 and has higher stability.
  • the center of gravity of the pump truck can be adjusted by: firstly, the legs are unfolded, and the upper body is fixed relative to the ground. At this time, the wheel is off the ground, and the first driving device drives the longitudinal rails 201 and The longitudinal chute 401 slides relative to each other, and the chassis 20 runs along the track relative to the top. As shown in FIG. 7, when the boom 10 is deployed toward the rear of the pumping vehicle, the first driving device can drive the chassis 20 to slide forward along the track to offset the rearward shift of the center of gravity caused by the extension of the boom 10. The boom 10 is deployed forward.
  • the chassis 20 When the arm frame 10 is extended obliquely forward or obliquely rearward, the chassis 20 can also protrude to the rear or the front, and can still play to a certain extent. To adjust the center of gravity, the chassis 20 is used as a counterweight.
  • the pumping system 50 can be mounted to the chassis 20, and the pumping system 50 and the chassis 20 together act as a counterweight, and the adjustment effect is more apparent.
  • the top can also be used as a counterweight, that is, the front leg 301 and the rear leg 302 are not deployed when the center of gravity is adjusted, the chassis 20 is fixed relative to the ground, the upper body is in an adjustable state, and the legs are moved with the upper body, since the arm frame 10 will As the top loading moves, the length of the boom 10 needs to be modified accordingly. For example, when the boom 10 is deployed rearward, the driving top and the boom 10 are moved forward, and the length of the boom 10 is extended to reach a predetermined position. At this time, the center of gravity is moved forward, and the deployed boom system is extended.
  • the center of gravity is also advanced, so as to reduce the weight of the arm after the boom 10 is retracted to the rearward, but the weight mode has a certain limit on the amount of expansion and contraction of the boom 10 (the boom 10 The farthest working distance is reduced), and its adjustment flexibility is second to the mode in which the chassis 20 acts as a counterweight.
  • the chassis or the top of the pump truck itself can flexibly adjust the center of gravity of the pump truck as a counterweight without increasing the additional weight to increase the stability.
  • the radius of the center of gravity of the pump truck is reduced (the maximum offset of the center of gravity is reduced), and the required support surface area is reduced (the support surface is formed by the support point of the support leg, and the stability of the pump is required) If the trajectory circle falls into the support surface, the length of the pumping leg can be effectively reduced, thereby reducing the space occupied by the legs, so that the pump can be applied to a construction site with a small space, or the length of the pump leg.
  • a lateral rail 402 and a transverse chute 403 may be disposed between the bottom of the beam and the longitudinal chute 401.
  • the horizontal sliding rail 402 can also be fixed on the longitudinal sliding slot 401 .
  • the bottom of the fixed turret 70 is fixed with a lateral sliding slot 403 .
  • the lateral sliding slot 403 catches the lateral sliding rail 402 and can be along the lateral sliding rail 402 .
  • the transverse sliding groove 403 can cooperate with the horizontal sliding rail 402 in the same manner as the longitudinal sliding rail 201 and the longitudinal sliding slot 401.
  • the first drive means may include a first drive member that drives the longitudinal chute 401 to slide along the longitudinal rail 201 and a second drive member that drives the transverse chute 403 to slide along the transverse rail 402.
  • the track design method allows the chassis 20 and the upper loading to move not only back and forth, but also to the left and right, and the adjustment of the center of gravity of the pump is more flexible.
  • the first drive member and the second drive member may be a first telescopic cylinder 202 and a second telescopic cylinder 404, respectively.
  • a transverse beam is disposed between the two longitudinal sliding slots 401 that cooperate with the two longitudinal sliding rails 201.
  • the two longitudinal sliding rails 201 also have a transverse connecting beam, the first telescopic oil.
  • One end of the cylinder 202 is connected to the transverse beam, and the other end is connected to the connecting beam. Then, the telescopic drive longitudinal sliding groove 401 of the first telescopic cylinder 202 and the longitudinal sliding rail 201 slide relative to each other forward or backward.
  • a parallel horizontal sliding groove 403 may be disposed, and a longitudinal beam is disposed between the horizontal sliding grooves 403.
  • One end of the second telescopic cylinder 404 is connected to the longitudinal beam, and the other end is connected to a longitudinal sliding groove 401, and then the second The expansion and contraction of the telescopic cylinder 404 can drive the lateral chute 403 and the lateral rail 402 to slide relatively to the left or to the right.
  • the chassis 20 may also be provided with a first locking device 203 which locks the fixed turret 70 at a predetermined position of the chassis 20.
  • the predetermined position is in accordance with the direction and length of the boom 10, and the position at which the turret 70 stays is fixed according to the center of gravity adjustment requirement.
  • the operator can determine the position according to the current working condition, or determine the position by a program set by the controller.
  • the first locking device 203 may be a pin shaft, and the pin chute and the sliding rail may be arranged with a plurality of spaced pin holes arranged in the sliding direction.
  • the pin insertion slot is overlapped with the sliding rail.
  • the chute and the slide rail can be fixed (this kind of locking method requires a predetermined position, and a certain pin hole of the chute and the slide rail can be overlapped), and the chute and the slide rail are opposite when the driving component is prevented from malfunctioning. Sliding, affecting the center of gravity adjustment.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural view of the first locking device 203.
  • the longitudinal chute 401 is provided with a plurality of notches 4011 along the sliding direction.
  • the main beam of the chassis 20 is provided with a first locking device 203.
  • the first locking device 203 includes a threaded sleeve fixed to the main beam. The bolt is inserted into the threaded sleeve, and the bolt is rotated. The bolt can be extended upward to be inserted into the notch 4011, and the longitudinal sliding slot 401 and the longitudinal sliding slot 401 are locked; when the rotating bolt is downward to be separated from the notch 4011, the longitudinal sliding slot 401 and the longitudinal sliding rail 201 can be unlocked. Relative sliding.
  • the first locking device 203 of this construction is easy to operate and reliable in locking.
  • the first track is a longitudinal slide 201
  • the longitudinal slide 401 is provided with a horizontal slide 402, that is, the second swing mechanism 40 can only move back and forth or left and right.
  • the extending direction of the first track is not limited thereto, and may be inclined (relative to the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction) at the chassis 20, so that the upper body can be translated in the horizontal plane with respect to the chassis 20, and the same can be performed.
  • the longitudinal rail 201 extending along the main beam is provided so that the weight of the upper arm and the arm frame 10 still mainly falls on the main beam, and the load-bearing performance of the vehicle body can be maintained.
  • the fixed turret 70 and the chassis 20 are respectively provided with a chute and a slide rail, and may also be disposed on the fixed turret 70.
  • Slide rails, chutes are provided on the chassis 20; other track arrangements can also be adopted.
  • chutes and slides are preferred track structures in view of stability requirements.
  • the first driving component and the second driving component are both telescopic cylinders, and the telescopic cylinder has a large driving force, and is suitable for driving the fixed turret 70 and the upper loading, and the arm frame 10 to slide.
  • other common driving components may also be used, for example. Cylinders, sprockets, etc.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of another concrete embodiment of a concrete pump truck according to the present invention. The figure omits the track between the chassis and the fixed turret; FIG. 9 is a fixed turn in FIG. FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of the slide rail on the fixed turret of FIG. 9 and the upper chute of the swing mechanism; FIG. 11 is a side view of FIG. 10; FIG. 12 is a front structure of the boom of FIG. schematic diagram.
  • the pump truck further has a second driving device.
  • the slewing mechanism 60 is fixed to the fixed turret 70 of the concrete pump truck.
  • the fixed turret 70 is provided with a second rail, and the second driving device drives the slewing mechanism 60. Run along the second track.
  • the second track may be a slide rail 701 disposed on the fixed turret 70
  • the swing mechanism 60 has a sliding slot 601 that catches the slide rail 701
  • the second drive device drives the slide slot 601 along the slide rail. 701 slides.
  • a sliding rail 701 disposed in parallel may be disposed on the fixed turret 70.
  • the bottom of the slewing mechanism 60 has a corresponding parallel sliding slot 601.
  • a cross beam 6011 is disposed between the sliding slot 601, and the second driving device is also a telescopic cylinder 602.
  • One end of the telescopic cylinder 602 is connected to the beam 6011, and the other end is connected to the transverse connecting beam 702 provided on the fixed turret 70.
  • the expansion and contraction of the telescopic cylinder 602 can drive the boom 10 to move along the sliding rail 701 of the fixed turret 70.
  • the telescopic cylinder 602 drives the swing mechanism 60 and the boom 10 to move forward; when the boom 10 needs to be deployed rearward, the telescopic cylinder 602 drives the swing mechanism 60 and the boom 10 Run backwards.
  • the distance traveled by the slewing mechanism 60 and the boom 10 along the track allows the length and width adjustment of the boom 10 to be more flexible and expands the boom's operating range.
  • a second locking device can be disposed on the fixed turret 70, and the second locking device can rotate the slewing mechanism
  • the lock 60 is locked at a predetermined position of the fixed turret 70. Similar to the principle of the first locking device 203, the structure may be the same as the first locking device 203, and details are not described herein.
  • the pumping device is provided with a driving device to drive the chute to operate relative to the sliding rail.
  • the driving device may be externally mounted on the pumping truck.
  • the upper loading and the bottom plate 20 are locked by a locking device, and the chassis 20 and the upper body need to be adjusted.
  • the unlocking makes the chassis 20 and the upper assembly in an adjustable state, and is driven by an external driving device. The two run relatively.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)

Abstract

一种混凝土泵车，包括底盘（20）和上装，上装安装在底盘（20）上，上装与底盘（20）之一设有第一轨道，另一者沿所述第一轨道运行，使上装相对于底盘（20）平移。通过上装和底盘（20）之间的相对运动改变泵车的重心，从而减少了支撑面面积和支腿的占用空间。

Description

一种混凝土泵车 本申请要求于 2011 年 12 月 16 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201110424858.7、 发明名称为"一种混凝土泵车"的中国专利申请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及工程机械技术领域， 特别涉及一种混凝土泵车。
背景技术
混凝土泵车包括底盘和上装， 上装包括固定转塔和臂架系统。 固定转 塔固接于底盘上， 固定转塔的侧面用于连接支腿， 固定转塔的上方设置回 转机构， 臂架系统设于转台上， 回转机构驱动转台相对于固定转塔转动， 进而带动臂架相对于底盘转动。
混凝土泵车作业时， 主要依靠设于固定转塔处的支腿支撑于地面， 支 腿的支撑点连线形成混凝土泵车的支撑面， 车体的重心位于该支撑面内， 方能保证车体处于稳定不倾翻状态。 当臂架较长、 回转速度较快时， 泵车 的重心轨迹圓半径较大（重心相较于臂架未伸出时的重心， 偏移量较大）， 为了保证支撑面能够满足稳定支撑的需求， 泵车支腿往往需要伸出较长的 距离， 以扩大支撑面面积， 保证偏移的重心仍能够落于支撑面内。
然而， 泵车支腿伸出较长距离必然需占据较大的场地， 在施工场地有 限的情况下， 泵车的支腿无法按照稳定需求伸出， 则无法满足车体的稳定 性需求。 此外， 由于稳定性在一定程度上依赖于支腿的长度， 故需加工出 较长的支腿， 增加了车体的重量和生产的成本。
有鉴于此， 如何改善混凝土泵车的结构， 使其保证稳定性的同时， 减 小支腿伸出的长度， 是本领域技术人员需要解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的为提供一种混凝土泵车， 该泵车上装与底盘之间设有轨 道， 当泵车的臂架展开时， 根据臂架展开方向和长度， 上装和底盘可以沿 轨道相对运行， 使得底盘可以作为配重以调节泵车的重心， 增强车体稳定 性， 减少泵车支腿伸出的长度。
为达到本发明的目的，本发明提供一种混凝土泵车， 包括底盘和上装， 所述上装安装在所述底盘上，所述上装与所述底盘二者之一设有第一轨道， 另一者沿所述第一轨道运行， 以使所述上装相对于所述底盘作平动。
优选地， 还包括第一驱动装置， 所述第一驱动装置用于驱动另所述底 盘和所述上装沿所述第一轨道作相对运行。
优选地， 所述第一轨道为设于所述底盘的主梁上且沿所述主梁长度方 向延伸的纵向滑轨；所述上装的付梁上设有卡于所述纵向滑轨的纵向滑槽。
优选地， 所述纵向滑槽之上固定有横向滑轨， 所述付梁的底部固定有 横向滑槽； 所述第一驱动装置包括第一驱动部件和第二驱动部件； 所述第 一驱动部件驱动所述纵向滑槽沿所述纵向滑轨滑动， 所述第二驱动部件驱 动所述横向滑槽沿所述横向滑轨滑动。
优选地， 所述第一驱动部件和所述第二驱动部件分别为第一伸缩油缸 和第二伸缩油缸； 两所述主梁上均设有所述纵向滑轨， 两所述纵向滑轨之 间设有横向连接梁， 与两所述纵向滑轨配合的两所述纵向滑槽之间设有横 置梁，所述第一伸缩油缸的一端连接所述横置梁， 另一端连接所述连接梁； 具有平行设置的所述横向滑槽， 所述横向滑槽之间具有纵置梁， 所述第二 伸缩油缸的一端连接所述纵置梁， 另一端连接一所述纵向滑槽。
优选地， 所述底盘还设有第一锁定装置， 所述第一锁定装置将所述付 梁锁定于所述底盘的预定位置。
优选地， 混凝土泵车的泵送系统设于所述底盘上。
优选地， 所述上装的回转机构固定于混凝土泵车的固定转塔上， 所述 固定转塔和所述回转机构二者之一设有第二轨道， 另一者沿所述第二轨道 运行。
优选地， 所述第二轨道为设于所述固定转塔上的滑轨， 所述回转机构 具有卡于所述滑轨的滑槽， 还包括驱动所述滑槽沿所述滑轨运行的所述第 二驱动装置。
优选地， 所述固定转塔上具有平行设置的所述滑轨， 所述回转机构的 底部具有对应的平行设置的所述滑槽， 所述滑槽之间设有横梁， 所述第二 驱动装置为伸缩油缸， 所述伸缩油缸的一端连接于所述横梁， 另一端与所 述固定转塔连接； 且所述固定转塔设有第二锁定装置， 所述第二锁定装置 将所述回转机构锁定于所述固定转塔的预定位置。
本发明提供的混凝土泵车， 在上装和底盘之间设置了轨道， 则臂架展 开时， 可以根据臂架的展开方向和长度， 驱动底盘相对于上装运行， 即使 得底盘可以作为配重使用， 从而灵活调整泵车的重心， 以增加稳定性。 重 心调整后， 泵车的重心轨迹圓半径减小， 所需的支撑面面积减小， 则可以 有效减少泵车支腿伸出的长度， 从而减少支腿占用的工地空间， 使泵车能 够适用于空间狭小的施工场地， 或在泵车支腿长度不足的情况下， 避免车 体发生倾翻； 且， 由于泵车的支腿长度可以缩短， 从而能够降低生产成本 并减少整车的重量。
附图说明
图 1为本发明所提供混凝土泵车一种具体实施方式的结构示意图， 该 图中的臂架收于车体上；
图 2为图 1中 A部位局部放大示意图；
图 3为图 1中底盘上设置轨道的结构示意图；
图 4为图 3中 B部位局部放大示意图；
图 5为图 3中 C部位局部放大示意图；
图 6为图 3中纵向滑轨和纵向滑槽配合的横截面示意图；
图 7为图 1中臂架系统朝车体后方展开的结构示意图；
图 8为本发明所提供混凝土泵车另种具体实施方式的结构示意图， 该 图略去底盘和固定转塔之间的轨道；
图 9为图 8中固定转塔的俯视图；
图 10为图 9中固定转塔上滑轨和回转机构上滑槽配合的结构示意图； 图 11为图 10的侧视图；
图 12为图 9中臂架向前伸出的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明的核心为提供一种混凝土泵车， 该泵车底盘和固定转塔之间设 有轨道， 当泵车的臂架展开时， 根据臂架展开方向和长度， 固定转塔和底 盘可以沿轨道相对运行，使得上装或底盘可以作为配重以调节泵车的重心， 增强车体稳定性， 减少泵车支腿伸出的长度。
为了使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案， 下面结合附 图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
请参考图 1至图 4, 图 1为本发明所提供混凝土泵车一种具体实施方 式的结构示意图， 该图中的臂架收于车体上； 图 2为图 1中 A部位局部放 大示意图； 图 3为图 1中底盘上设置轨道的结构示意图； 图 4为图 3中 B 部位局部放大示意图。
该实施方式中的混凝土泵车， 具有底盘 20、臂架系统， 和设于底盘 20 与臂架系统之间的中间部件。底盘 20—般具有主梁，主梁为主要的承重结 构； 该实施例中的中间部件包括固定转塔 70, 固定转塔 70的侧面安装前 支腿 301和后支腿 302, 固定转塔 70的内部还可以安装其他零部件， 固定 转塔 70的顶部设置回转机构 60, 臂架系统包括臂架 10和转台， 转台设于 回转机构 60上，臂架 10和转台在回转机构 60的作用下相对于中间部件和 底盘 20转动。
在该实施例中， 泵车还设有第一驱动装置， 底盘 20设有第一轨道， 第 一驱动装置驱动泵车的固定转塔 70沿第一轨道运行，图中所示的固定转塔 70设于付梁上。 第一轨道可以为沿底盘 20的主梁长度方向延伸的纵向滑 轨 201 , 底盘 20的两根主梁上均设有纵向滑轨 201 , 付梁的底部对应地设 有两卡住纵向滑轨 201的纵向滑槽 401。 由于付梁的长度较长， 在付梁安 装固定转塔 70的头部位置设有纵向滑槽 401 , 主梁上设有对应的纵向滑轨 201 , 在付梁的尾部位置也具有对应的纵向滑槽 401和纵向滑轨 201 , 参见 图 1和图 3。 则纵向滑槽 401沿纵向滑轨 201滑动时， 带动上装以及臂架 10前后移动。纵向滑轨 201和纵向滑槽 401的具体配合结构可以参考图 6, 图 6为图 3中纵向滑轨和纵向滑槽配合的横截面示意图， 纵向滑槽 401的 槽壁内扣， 纵向滑轨 201的横截面大致呈横 "H" 形或 T形， 则纵向滑槽 401卡住纵向滑轨 201后， 二者仅可以相对滑行， 无法沿横向或竖直方向 移动， 则付梁之上的上装不会与底盘 20脱离， 稳定性更高。
当臂架 10需要伸出时， 可以通过下述方式调整泵车的重心： 首先， 展开支腿， 则上装相对于地面固定， 此时， 车轮离地， 第一驱 动装置驱动纵向滑轨 201和纵向滑槽 401相对滑动，则底盘 20相对于上装 沿轨道运行。 如图 7所示， 当臂架 10朝泵车后方展开时， 第一驱动装置可 以驱动底盘 20沿轨道朝前方滑行， 以抵消臂架 10后伸导致的重心后移； 臂架 10朝前方展开时，底盘 20向后方运行； 当臂架 10朝斜前方或斜后方 伸出时，底盘 20同样可以向后方或前方伸出，依然可以在一定程度上起到 调整重心的作用， 即将底盘 20作为配重。 可以将泵送系统 50安装于底盘 20处， 则泵送系统 50与底盘 20共同作为配重， 调节效果更为明显。
也可以将上装作为配重， 即前支腿 301和后支腿 302在调整重心时并 不展开， 底盘 20相对地面固定， 上装处于可调状态， 支腿均随上装移动， 由于臂架 10会随上装移动， 故臂架 10伸长的长度需要作相应的改动。 比 如， 臂架 10朝后方展开时， 驱动上装和臂架 10向前方移动， 臂架 10伸出 的长度需变长方能达到预定位置， 此时， 上装重心前移， 展开后的臂架系 统的重心也前移，从而达到降低臂架 10由收起至向后展开而导致的车体重 心后移， 但该种配重模式对臂架 10的伸缩量具有一定的限制 （臂架 10的 最远作业距离降低）， 其调节灵活性次于底盘 20作为配重的模式。
该实施例中， 由于设置了第一轨道，使得在不增加额外配重的情况下， 泵车自身的底盘或上装能够作为配重灵活调整泵车的重心，以增加稳定性。 重心调整后， 泵车的重心轨迹圓半径减小（重心的最大偏移量减小）， 所需 的支撑面面积减小 （支撑面由支腿支撑点连线形成， 泵车的稳定要求重心 轨迹圓落入支撑面内 ), 则可以有效减少泵车支腿伸出的长度，从而减少支 腿占用的工地空间， 使泵车能够适用于空间狭小的施工场地， 或在泵车支 腿长度不足的情况下， 避免车体发生倾翻； 且， 由于泵车的支腿长度可以 缩短， 从而能够降低生产成本并减少整车的重量。 另外， 付梁的底部和纵 向滑槽 401之间还可以设置横向滑轨 402和横向滑槽 403。
请继续参考图 3 ,纵向滑槽 401之上还可以固定横向滑轨 402, 固定转 塔 70的底部固定有横向滑槽 403 ,横向滑槽 403卡住横向滑轨 402并可以 沿横向滑轨 402移动， 横向滑槽 403与横向滑轨 402配合的方式可以与纵 向滑轨 201、 纵向滑槽 401的配合方式相同。 第一驱动装置可以包括第一 驱动部件和第二驱动部件，第一驱动部件驱动纵向滑槽 401沿纵向滑轨 201 滑动，第二驱动部件驱动横向滑槽 403沿横向滑轨 402滑动。如图 1所示， 该种轨道设计方式使得底盘 20和上装不但可以相对前后移动，还可以左右 移动， 对泵车重心的调整更为灵活。
第一驱动部件和第二驱动部件可以分别为第一伸缩油缸 202和第二伸 缩油缸 404。 请继续参见图 4, 与两纵向滑轨 201 配合的两纵向滑槽 401 之间设有横置梁， 两纵向滑轨 201之间也是有横置的连接梁， 第一伸缩油 缸 202的一端连接横置梁， 另一端连接连接梁， 则第一伸缩油缸 202的伸 缩驱动纵向滑槽 401和纵向滑轨 201相对地向前或向后滑动。 类似地， 也 可以设置相平行的横向滑槽 403 , 横向滑槽 403之间设有纵置梁， 第二伸 缩油缸 404的一端连接纵置梁， 另一端连接一纵向滑槽 401 , 则第二伸缩 油缸 404的伸缩可以驱动横向滑槽 403和横向滑轨 402相对地向左或向右 滑动。使用滑槽和滑轨配合的方式，在实现底盘 20和上装相对运动的同时， 可以防止上装脱离底盘 20, 保证支撑连接的稳定性。
为了进一步保证固定转塔 70与底盘 20的连接稳定性，底盘 20还可以 设置第一锁定装置 203 , 第一锁定装置 203将固定转塔 70锁定于底盘 20 的预定位置处。预定位置即按照臂架 10展开方向和长度，按照重心调整需 求需要固定转塔 70停留的位置， 操作人员可以按照当前工况确定该位置， 或通过控制器设定的程序计算确定该位置。第一锁定装置 203可以是销轴， 滑槽和滑轨上可以沿滑行方向设置若干间隔排列的销孔， 当固定转塔 70 滑行至预定位置后， 将销轴插入滑槽与滑轨叠合的销孔中， 即可固定滑槽 和滑轨（该种锁定方式要求预定位置处，滑槽和滑轨的某一销孔可以重合 ), 防止驱动部件失灵时， 滑槽与滑轨发生相对滑动， 影响重心调节。
请继续参考图 5 , 该图示出第一锁定装置 203的一种结构示意图。 纵 向滑槽 401沿滑行方向设置了若干缺口 4011 , 底盘 20的主梁上设置了第 一锁定装置 203 , 第一锁定装置 203 包括与主梁固定的螺纹套， 螺栓插于 螺纹套内， 转动螺栓， 螺栓可以向上方伸长以插入缺口 4011处， 则纵向滑 槽 401和纵向滑槽 401被锁定； 转动螺栓向下以脱离缺口 4011处， 则纵向 滑槽 401和纵向滑轨 201得以解锁， 可以相对滑动。 该种结构的第一锁定 装置 203易于操作， 锁定可靠。
上述实施例中， 第一轨道为纵向滑轨 201 , 纵向滑槽 401之上设有横 向滑轨 402, 即第二回转机构 40仅可以前后或左右移动。 实际上， 第一轨 道的延伸方向并不限于此， 也可以倾斜（相对于纵向和横向而言）设于底 盘 20处， 实现上装相对于底盘 20在水平面内内作平动即可， 同样可以达 到调整重心的目的， 当然， 设置沿主梁延伸的纵向滑轨 201 , 使得上装和 臂架 10的重量仍主要落于主梁上， 可以保持车体的承重性能。 此外， 上述 固定转塔 70和底盘 20分别设置滑槽和滑轨，也可以于固定转塔 70上设置 滑轨， 底盘 20上设置滑槽； 也可以采取其他轨道设置方式。 当然， 鉴于稳 定性需求， 滑槽和滑轨为优选的轨道结构。 另， 第一驱动部件和第二驱动 部件均为伸缩油缸， 伸缩油缸具有较大的驱动力， 适合驱动固定转塔 70 及上装、 臂架 10滑动， 当然也可以采用其他常用的驱动部件， 比如气缸、 链轮等。
请参考图 8和图 9, 图 8为本发明所提供混凝土泵车另一种具体实施 方式的结构示意图， 该图略去底盘和固定转塔之间的轨道； 图 9为图 8中 固定转塔的俯视图；图 10为图 9中固定转塔上滑轨和回转机构上滑槽配合 的结构示意图； 图 11为图 10的侧视图； 图 12为图 9中臂架向前伸出的结 构示意图。
在该具体实施方式中， 泵车还具有第二驱动装置， 回转机构 60固定于 混凝土泵车的固定转塔 70上， 固定转塔 70上设有第二轨道， 第二驱动装 置驱动回转机构 60沿第二轨道运行。与第一轨道设置方式类似， 第二轨道 可以是设于固定转塔 70上的滑轨 701 , 回转机构 60具有卡住滑轨 701的 滑槽 601 , 第二驱动装置驱动滑槽 601沿滑轨 701滑动。 可以在固定转塔 70上设置平行设置的滑轨 701 ,回转机构 60的底部具有对应的平行设置的 滑槽 601 , 滑槽 601之间设有横梁 6011 , 第二驱动装置也为伸缩油缸 602, 伸缩油缸 602的一端连接于横梁 6011 , 另一端与设于固定转塔 70上的横 向连接梁 702连接， 则伸缩油缸 602的伸缩可以带动臂架 10沿固定转塔 70的滑轨 701移动。如图 12所示，臂架 10需要朝前展开时，伸缩油缸 602 驱动回转机构 60和臂架 10朝前运行；臂架 10需要朝后展开时，伸缩油缸 602驱动回转机构 60和臂架 10朝后运行。 回转机构 60和臂架 10沿轨道 运行的距离使得臂架 10的长度和变幅调节更为灵活，且可以扩大臂架的作 业范围。
固定转塔 70上可以设置第二锁定装置，第二锁定装置可以将回转机构
60锁定于固定转塔 70的预定位置处， 与第一锁定装置 203的原理类似， 结构可以与第一锁定装置 203相同， 在此不赘述。 上述实施例中， 泵车设 置了驱动装置驱动滑槽相对于滑轨运行， 实际上， 驱动装置外置于泵车也 可以， 比如， 上装与底盘 20采用锁定装置锁定， 需要调整底盘 20和上装 位置时，解锁使得底盘 20和上装处于可调状态，通过外置的驱动装置驱动 二者相对运行。
以上对本发明所提供的一种混凝土泵车进行了详细介绍。 本文中应用 了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述， 以上实施例的说明只 是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。 应当指出， 对于本技术领域 的普通技术人员来说， 在不脱离本发明原理的前提下， 还可以对本发明进 行若干改进和修饰，这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种混凝土泵车， 包括底盘和上装， 所述上装安装在所述底盘上， 其特征在于： 所述上装与所述底盘二者之一设有第一轨道， 另一者能够沿 所述第一轨道运行， 以使所述上装能够相对于所述底盘平动。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的混凝土泵车， 其特征在于， 还包括第一驱动 装置， 所述第一驱动装置用于驱动另所述底盘和所述上装沿所述第一轨道 作相对运行。
3、根据权利要求 2所述的混凝土泵车， 其特征在于， 所述第一轨道为 设于所述底盘的主梁上且沿所述主梁长度方向延伸的纵向滑轨； 所述上装 的付梁上设有卡于所述纵向滑轨的纵向滑槽。
4、根据权利要求 3所述的混凝土泵车， 其特征在于， 所述纵向滑槽之 上固定有横向滑轨， 所述付梁的底部固定有横向滑槽； 所述第一驱动装置 包括第一驱动部件和第二驱动部件； 所述第一驱动部件驱动所述纵向滑槽 沿所述纵向滑轨滑动， 所述第二驱动部件驱动所述横向滑槽沿所述横向滑 轨滑动。
5、根据权利要求 4所述的混凝土泵车， 其特征在于， 所述第一驱动部 件和所述第二驱动部件分别为第一伸缩油缸和第二伸缩油缸； 两所述主梁 上均设有所述纵向滑轨， 两所述纵向滑轨之间设有横向连接梁， 与两所述 纵向滑轨配合的两所述纵向滑槽之间设有横置梁， 所述第一伸缩油缸的一 端连接所述横置梁， 另一端连接所述连接梁； 具有平行设置的所述横向滑 槽， 所述横向滑槽之间具有纵置梁， 所述第二伸缩油缸的一端连接所述纵 置梁， 另一端连接一所述纵向滑槽。
6、根据权利要求 1至 5任一项所述的混凝土泵车， 其特征在于， 所述 底盘还设有第一锁定装置， 所述第一锁定装置将所述付梁锁定于所述底盘 的预定位置。
7、根据权利要求 1至 5任一项所述的混凝土泵车， 其特征在于， 混凝 土泵车的泵送系统设于所述底盘上。
8、根据权利要求 1至 5任一项所述的混凝土泵车， 其特征在于， 所述 上装的回转机构固定于混凝土泵车的固定转塔上， 所述固定转塔和所述回 转机构二者之一设有第二轨道， 另一者沿所述第二轨道运行。
9、根据权利要求 8所述的混凝土泵车， 其特征在于， 所述第二轨道为 设于所述固定转塔上的滑轨， 所述回转机构具有卡于所述滑轨的滑槽， 还 包括驱动所述滑槽沿所述滑轨运行的所述第二驱动装置。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的混凝土泵车， 其特征在于， 所述固定转塔 上具有平行设置的所述滑轨， 所述回转机构的底部具有对应的平行设置的 所述滑槽， 所述滑槽之间设有横梁， 所述第二驱动装置为伸缩油缸， 所述 伸缩油缸的一端连接于所述横梁， 另一端与所述固定转塔连接； 且所述固 定转塔设有第二锁定装置， 所述第二锁定装置将所述回转机构锁定于所述 固定转塔的预定位置。
PCT/CN2012/073837 2011-12-16 2012-04-11 一种混凝土泵车 WO2013086817A1 (zh)

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