WO2013044645A1 - 一种中巴车底盘 - Google Patents

一种中巴车底盘 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013044645A1
WO2013044645A1 PCT/CN2012/076830 CN2012076830W WO2013044645A1 WO 2013044645 A1 WO2013044645 A1 WO 2013044645A1 CN 2012076830 W CN2012076830 W CN 2012076830W WO 2013044645 A1 WO2013044645 A1 WO 2013044645A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frame
chassis
axle
power battery
driving
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Application number
PCT/CN2012/076830
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李辉
Original Assignee
Li Hui
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Publication date
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Publication of WO2013044645A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013044645A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/02—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted comprising longitudinally or transversely arranged frame members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/001—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units one motor mounted on a propulsion axle for rotating right and left wheels of this axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0438—Arrangement under the floor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/10—Road Vehicles
    • B60Y2200/14—Trucks; Load vehicles, Busses
    • B60Y2200/143—Busses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D47/00—Motor vehicles or trailers predominantly for carrying passengers
    • B62D47/02—Motor vehicles or trailers predominantly for carrying passengers for large numbers of passengers, e.g. omnibus

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of electric vehicles, and relates to a multifunctional automobile chassis, which is especially used for an electric bus base.
  • the existing non-loaded vehicle chassis is riveted in the form of channel steel, that is, the longitudinal beam and the plurality of beams.
  • the chassis is mainly loaded at the corresponding chassis point according to the position of the weight under full load, and cannot be evenly distributed to the chassis. At various points, under the bumpy road, this point is subjected to pressure under geometric multiples, causing fatigue deformation of the chassis girders over time.
  • the channel steel beam structure design of the chassis can not bear the lateral side stress generated by the vehicle when turning or jolting, which causes the channel steel beam to be distorted.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an improved multi-functional mid-car chassis in order to overcome the above-mentioned technical disadvantages.
  • the invention has an innovative structural design on the chassis girders, fully utilizing the characteristics of the triangle, and using a large number of high-strength manganese steel welding to provide better toughness, and finally assembled by two longitudinal beams and five beams of different specifications. Welded to ensure the strength of the girders and provide the power battery box, the whole system is integrated, the gravity can be evenly distributed under the heavy load condition of the vehicle, and the lateral side stress generated by the vehicle can be well received.
  • the invention innovates the structural design, and in addition to satisfying its own needs, it maximizes the various stresses that increase the load capacity and strain.
  • the main technical solution of the present invention is: a center chassis of a bus, mainly comprising a frame and a driving device, the driving device comprising a driving motor, a motor controller, a transmission, a half shaft, a driving front axle;
  • the frame comprises a front vehicle a frame, a middle frame, and a rear frame; wherein the upper part of the front frame is provided with a drive system assembly protruding from the entire body; the middle frame has a power battery installation position;
  • the frame has space for installing the rear axle assembly and providing subsequent modifications.
  • the frame is formed by welding a carrier frame through rectangular tubes of different specifications.
  • gravity can be distributed to each point of the frame to ensure uniform force on the frame, improve the life of the frame and ensure the vehicle is turning due to the connection of the template at various points.
  • the lateral side stress generated by driving under bad roads causes damage to the entire frame, making the frame less prone to distortion and prolonging the service life.
  • the frame is capable of rapidly absorbing various stresses generated under special conditions.
  • the above-mentioned chassis has strong bearing capacity and light weight.
  • the above-mentioned chassis has a small lateral lateral stress, and the chassis is not deformed for a long time.
  • the above-mentioned chassis can be used in a wide range of special vehicle modifications.
  • chassis power battery is placed reasonably to meet the needs of electric vehicles.
  • the above-mentioned chassis frame is evenly loaded and stable in driving, and is suitable for high-speed vehicles.
  • the above chassis has good ride comfort and is suitable for various road conditions.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall effect of an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a chassis of a bus in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the overall chassis structure of the truck is as shown in FIG. 2, which mainly includes a frame and a driving device.
  • the driving device includes a driving motor, a motor controller, a transmission, a half shaft, and a driving front axle.
  • the frame comprises three parts: a front frame, a middle frame and a rear frame; wherein the upper part of the front frame is provided with a drive system assembly protruding from the entire body; the middle frame has a power battery installation position; It has space for installing the rear axle assembly and providing subsequent modifications.
  • the overall effect diagram of the embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig. 1.
  • the motor and the transmission are fixed on the front frame, and the front wheel is driven by the half shaft, and the motor controller is fixed in the upper space of the motor, so that the electromagnetic interference to the outside world is greatly reduced when the system is in operation. , to ensure the stability of the work of other systems.
  • the frame is a complete carrier frame, and the right single piece
  • a triangular structure of the link beam 3-1 is welded between the upper and lower longitudinal beams and the upper and lower beams, which fully utilizes the characteristics of the triangle, so that the chassis of the present invention can carry sudden gravity and lateral tilting force, thereby ensuring the service life.
  • All beams are of the same height, and the front frame made of special materials facilitates the layout of the drive system and the rationality of the layout of the vehicle.
  • the front end of the drive motor in the driving device is fixed on the front frame 7-1, 7-2 by elastic shock absorbing originals to ensure the stability and reliability of the output torque of the motor.
  • the rear end of the drive motor is connected to the transmission and is elastically fixed on the front frame 7-1, 7-2 and the impact beam below the hood;
  • the front axle in the drive is the drive axle, which is connected to the transmission via the axle shaft. It is used to drive the whole vehicle. It adopts the front front drive type, which is convenient for the overall layout of the vehicle and increases the modification space of the whole vehicle.
  • the front suspension is McPherson's independent type, and the rear suspension is independent drag-type, which makes the vehicle's shock absorption performance superior and the ride comfort is better.
  • the middle frame is mainly used to provide the installation position of the power battery pack, wherein 6-1 is the base plate of the whole vehicle power battery, which is formed by folding the 1.00 mm iron plate, and the strength after the folding is greatly improved. It is used to carry the power battery pack, and is integrated with the front frame cross member 4-5 and the middle frame cross member 4-3, the longitudinal beams 1-1 and 1-2, and constitutes the power battery case, which saves materials and reduces the Chassis quality, in order to ensure that the power battery box can withstand the dynamic load impact from the power battery, to prevent the bottom of the battery box, the ribs 5-1, 5-2 in the middle frame as the power battery box 5-3 is connected to the left and right single-piece stringers 2-2 and 2-1, and the power battery is spaced out to the corresponding gap to ensure the heat dissipation space of the power battery.
  • the middle frame is mainly used for the front and rear frame and the installation space of the power battery pack, so that the power battery is hidden inside the chassis, which is safe and meets the design requirements and aesthetic viewpoint of the vehicle.
  • the position of the power battery pack ensures the center of gravity of the vehicle and ensures the axle load ratio of 55:45, which meets the design specifications of the existing fuel vehicles. This is a standard that cannot be achieved by the existing chassis-modified electric vehicles.
  • the rear frame is composed of rear axles 8-1, 8-2 and rear frame beams 4-1, 4-2, and the rear axle is fixed to the left and right single longitudinal beams 2 by the cymbal arms. 2, 2-1 up; the rear axle is a driven bridge, combined with shock absorbing springs and damping shock absorbers to support various downforces.
  • the rear frame has a large space for subsequent modification operations.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种电动中巴车底盘，包括车架和驱动装置，驱动装置包括驱动电机、电机控制器、变速器、半轴、驱动前桥；所述车架包括前车架（7-1, 7-2)、中车架、后车架，其中前车架（7-1, 7-2)上部装有突出于车身整体的驱动系统总成；中车架有动力电池安装位置；后车架有用于安装后桥总成及提供后续改装的空间。在底盘大梁上进行了创新的结构设计，充分利用了三角形的特性，并且大量采用高强度锰钢焊接，提供了较好的韧性，由两个纵梁和五个不同规格的横梁组装焊接而成，既保证了大梁强度又提供了动力电池箱体，使得整个系统合为一体，在车辆重载状态下能够均匀的分布重力，很好的承受车辆产生的横向侧应力。

Description

， 一种中巴车底盘 技术领域
本发明属于电动汽车技术领域， 涉及一种多功能汽车底盘， 特别运用于电动中巴车底 背景技术
随着经济的发展和科技的进步， 汽车的保有量逐年增加， 并对汽车的性能要求不断提 高， 而以内燃机为动力的机车对大气的污染日益严重， 且受到资源的限制， 无法持续现有的 各项要求。 原始的内燃机车只按最大承载质量设计底盘， 电动车辆为能提高续驶里程， 增加 动力电池组容量即增加车辆底盘的自身重量， 如依然使用现有的车辆底盘， 在承载相同人数 的情况下必将增加车辆底盘负荷， 导致安全性能大大降低， 缩短了车辆的使用寿命。
众所周知， 我国的营运车辆在运行中都无限制的超员使得利益最大化， 而现有的非承载 式车身及底盘在此种超负荷状态下持续运行几年后都出现了不同程度的变形， 导致底盘大梁 扭曲或弯曲， 满载状态下车辆出现一侧倾斜或中间兜底的现象。
现有非承载式车辆底盘都采用槽钢形式即纵梁及多个横梁铆接而成， 底盘在满载状态下 根据重物位置主要承重在相对应的底盘点上， 而不能够均匀的分布到底盘的各个点上， 在颠 簸的道路下， 这个点承受着几何倍数下压力， 使得底盘大梁久而久之产生疲劳变形。 而底盘 的槽钢梁结构设计不能够承载车辆在转弯或左右颠簸时产生的横向侧应力， 导致槽钢梁产生 扭曲变形。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服了上述技术缺点， 而提出的一种改进的多功能中巴车底盘。 本发明在底盘大梁上进行了创新的结构设计， 充分利用了三角形的特性， 并且大量采用 高强度锰钢焊接， 提供了较好的韧性， 最终由两个纵梁和五个不同规格的横梁组装焊接而 成， 既保证了大梁强度又提供了动力电池箱体， 使得整个系统合为一体， 在车辆重载状态下 能够均匀的分布重力， 并且能够很好的承受车辆产生的横向侧应力。
本发明创新了结构设计， 在满足自身需求外， 最大化提高承载量及应变突如其来的各种 应力。
本发明主要技术方案是： 一种中巴车底盘， 主要包括车架和驱动装置， 所述驱动装置包 括驱动电机、 电机控制器、 变速器， 半轴、 驱动前桥； 所述车架包括前车架、 中车架、 后车 架； 其中前车架上部装有突出于车身整体的驱动系统总成； 中车架有动力电池安装位置； 后 车架有用于安装后桥总成及提供后续改装的空间。
所述车架为承载式车架通过不同规格矩形管焊接而成。 在车辆满载状态下能够更好的将 重力分配到车架的每一个点上， 保证车架受力均匀， 提高了车架的寿命同时由于模板在各个 点的连接支撑， 保证了车辆在转弯及恶劣道路下行驶产生的横向侧应力， 对整个车架产生的 伤害， 使得车架不易扭曲变形， 延长使用寿命。 所述车架能够迅速吸收特殊条件下所产生的 各种应力。
与现有技术相比， 本发明优点：
1. 采用上述底盘承载力强且整备质量较轻。
2. 采用上述底盘横向侧应力小， 长时间使用底盘不变形。
3. 采用上述底盘运用范围广可运用于多种专用车改装。
4. 采用上述底盘动力电池摆放合理， 满足电动车的需求。
5. 采用上述底盘车架受力均匀， 行驶稳定， 适用于高速车辆。
6. 采用上述底盘乘坐舒适性较好， 且适合于各种路况。
7. 采用四轮碟刹系统， 制动灵敏， 安全性能优越。
附图说明
附图 1 为本发明实施例整体效果示意图； 图 2 为本发明实施例中巴车底盘结构示意 图。
附图中， 1-1、 1-2 纵梁； 2-1 右单片纵梁； 2-2—左单片纵梁； 3-1—链接梁； 4-1、 4-2 后车架横梁； 4-4、 4-3—中车架横梁； 4-5—前车架横梁； 5-1、 5-2、 5-3—加强筋； 6-1 整车动力电池底板； 7-1、 7-2—前车架； 8-1、 8-2 后桥。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例和附图对本发明加以详细描述。
实施例： 本发明实施例中巴车整体底盘结构如附图 2所示， 主要包括车架和驱动装置， 所述驱动装置包括驱动电机、 电机控制器、 变速器， 半轴、 驱动前桥四个部分； 所述车架包 括前车架、 中车架、 后车架三个部分； 其中前车架上部装有突出于车身整体的驱动系统总 成； 中车架有动力电池安装位置； 后车架有用于安装后桥总成及提供后续改装的空间。
本发明实施例整体效果示意图如图 1所示， 电机、 变速器固定在前车架上， 通过半轴驱 动前轮行驶， 电机上部空间固定电机控制器， 使得系统运行时对外界的电磁干扰大大减少， 保证其他系统的工作稳定性。
本实施例中巴车底盘的结构， 如附图 2所示， 所述的车架为一完整承载车架， 由右单片 纵梁 2-1、 左单片纵梁 2-2及通过前车架横梁 4-5、 中车架横梁 4-4、 4-3和后车架横梁 4-2、 4-1 焊接组成， 上下纵梁、 上下横梁之间焊接有三角形结构的链接梁 3-1， 充分利用了三角 形的特性， 使得本发明底盘能够承载突如其来的重力和横向侧倾力， 保证了使用寿命。 所有 横梁高度一致， 采用特殊材料制作的前车架便于驱动系统的布置及整车布局的合理性。
所述驱动装置中的驱动电机前端采用弹性减震原件固定在前车架 7-1、 7-2 上， 保证电 机输出扭矩的稳定性及可靠性。 驱动电机后端与变速器相连并通过弹性固定在前车架 7-1、 7-2 上方及引擎盖下方的防撞梁上； 驱动装置中的前桥为驱动桥， 通过半轴与变速器相连， 用于驱动整车行驶， 采用前置前驱型式， 便于车辆的整体布局， 增加了整车的改装空间。 前 悬架为麦弗逊独立式， 后悬架为独立拖拽式， 使得整车减震性能优越， 乘坐舒适性较好。
如附图 2所示， 中车架主要用于提供了动力电池组的安装位置， 其中 6-1为整车动力电 池底板， 采用 1.00mm铁板折边而成， 折边后强度大大提高， 用于承载动力电池组， 与前车 架横梁 4-5和中车架横梁 4-3、 纵梁 1-1和 1-2合为一体， 组成动力电池箱体， 节约了材料， 也减轻了底盘质量， 其中为能够保证动力电池箱体能够承受来自动力电池的动载荷冲击， 以 防止电池箱底部兜底现象的产生， 中车架中作为动力电池箱的加强筋 5-1、 5-2、 5-3 连接在 左、 右单片纵梁 2-2、 2-1 上， 并将动力电池间隔出相应的间隙， 保证了动力电池的散热空 间。 中车架主要用于前后车架及提供动力电池组安装空间， 使得动力电池隐身在底盘内部， 既安全又符合车辆设计要求及审美观点。 动力电池组摆放位置保证了整车的重心位置而且保 证了轴荷比例为 55:45， 达到了现有燃油车辆的设计指标， 这是现有底盘改装电动车型所无 法达到的标准， 符合了批量生产的各项指标。
如附图 2所示， 后车架由后桥 8-1、 8-2及后车架横梁 4-1、 4-2组成， 后桥通过拽臂固 定在左、 右单片纵梁 2-2、 2-1 上； 后桥为从动桥， 通过减震弹簧及阻尼避震器联合使用， 支撑各种下压力。 所述后车架有较大的空间予以后续的改装作业。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种中巴车底盘， 主要包括车架和驱动装置， 所述驱动装置包括驱动电机、 电机控制 器、 变速器， 半轴、 驱动前桥， 其特征在于所述车架包括前车架、 中车架、 后车架； 其中前 车架上部装有突出于车身整体的驱动系统总成； 中车架有动力电池安装位置； 后车架有用于 安装后桥总成及提供后续改装的空间。
2. 如权利要求 1 所述的中巴车底盘， 其特征在于所述车架为完整承载车架， 由右单片纵 梁、 左单片纵梁通过前车架横梁、 中车架横梁及后车架横梁焊接组成， 上下纵梁、 上下横梁 之间焊接有三角形结构的链接梁。
3. 如权利要求 1 或 2所述的中巴车底盘， 其特征在于所述中车架动力电池安装位置采用铁 板折边， 与前车架横梁和中车架横梁、 纵梁合为一体， 组成动力电池箱体， 纵梁之间设有加 强筋。
4. 如权利要求 1 或 2 所述的中巴车底盘， 其特征在于所述后车架由后桥及后车架横梁组 成， 后桥通过拽臂固定在纵梁上。
5. 如权利要求 1 或 2所述的中巴车底盘， 其特征在于所述驱动装置中的驱动电机前端采用 弹性减震元件固定在前车架上， 驱动电机后端与变速器相连并通过弹性固定在前车架上方及 引擎盖下方的防撞梁上； 驱动装置中的前桥为驱动桥， 通过半轴与变速器相连。
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