WO2013023402A1 - 大功率节能电机 - Google Patents

大功率节能电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013023402A1
WO2013023402A1 PCT/CN2011/080420 CN2011080420W WO2013023402A1 WO 2013023402 A1 WO2013023402 A1 WO 2013023402A1 CN 2011080420 W CN2011080420 W CN 2011080420W WO 2013023402 A1 WO2013023402 A1 WO 2013023402A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
module
iron core
permanent magnet
power
motor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/080420
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
平国民
Original Assignee
浙江寰亚电子有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN2011202979564U external-priority patent/CN202172315U/zh
Priority claimed from CN 201110234966 external-priority patent/CN102315709B/zh
Application filed by 浙江寰亚电子有限公司 filed Critical 浙江寰亚电子有限公司
Publication of WO2013023402A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013023402A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/28Means for mounting or fastening rotating magnetic parts on to, or to, the rotor structures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H02K5/207Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium with openings in the casing specially adapted for ambient air
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/02Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
    • H02K9/04Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
    • H02K9/06Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium with fans or impellers driven by the machine shaft
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K17/00Asynchronous induction motors; Asynchronous induction generators
    • H02K17/02Asynchronous induction motors
    • H02K17/16Asynchronous induction motors having rotors with internally short-circuited windings, e.g. cage rotors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a motor, in particular to a high-power energy-saving motor with good heat dissipation, low noise, high reliability, long service life, energy saving and energy saving.
  • the motor is the main power in industrial production, and its energy-saving index, speed regulation performance, output-to-input power ratio, noise, and operating life have always been the performance indicators that everyone pays attention to.
  • the motor generally includes a stator and a rotor composed of an iron core. Usually, only one fan is disposed at one end of the rotating shaft for heat dissipation of the stator and the rotor, but in a high-power motor, the temperature rise is still high, and the use time is long, often burning.
  • the original motor is unreasonably set by the permanent magnet on the rotor.
  • This structure is applied to a high-power motor, which is not only expensive, but also easy to damage after long-term operation, and the reliability is not high.
  • the control circuit of the original motor generally uses a transformer. When the transformer works, it generates a lot of thermal energy, affects the reliability of other circuits, and the power efficiency is not high, and the energy saving effect is not good.
  • the invention mainly solves the technical problem that the original motor is unreasonably set by the permanent magnet on the rotor, and the structure is applied to the high-power motor, which is not only expensive, but also easy to be damaged after long-term operation, and has low reliability;
  • the power-saving electric motor changes the magnetic circuit by changing the mounting structure of the permanent magnet, so that the permanent magnet does not break after the motor is operated for a long time, thereby improving reliability, reducing cost, and saving cost.
  • the invention simultaneously solves the technical problem that the original high-power motor has poor heat dissipation effect and affects the reliability and service life of the motor; and provides a high-power energy-saving motor, which maximizes the air inside the motor casing The gas convection, the air cooling effect is improved, and the heat dissipation effect is good, thereby ensuring the reliability of the motor operation and prolonging the service life.
  • the invention also solves the problem that the control circuit of the original motor generally uses a transformer, and the transformer generates a lot of thermal energy, affects the reliability of other circuits, the power supply efficiency is not high, and the energy saving effect is not good; providing a high power Energy-saving motors, whose control circuit eliminates bulky transformers, reduces heat sources, improves reliability and power efficiency, and saves energy and energy.
  • the present invention comprises a motor and a control circuit thereof, the motor comprising a base connected in sequence, a casing and a top cover, and a stator and a rotor mounted in the casing, the rotor
  • the center is provided with a rotating shaft
  • the rotor comprises an iron core
  • a plurality of permanent magnet mounting holes are arranged in the iron core
  • a plurality of permanent magnet mounting holes are evenly distributed around the rotating shaft, and each of the permanent magnet mounting holes is installed Permanent magnets.
  • the iron core is formed by laminating a plurality of silicon steel sheets or silicon steel sheets, and each of the silicon steel sheets is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for surrounding the rotating shaft for placing the permanent magnets, and the steel sheets are laminated into iron cores and formed in the iron cores. Multiple permanent magnet mounting holes.
  • the plurality of permanent magnets surrounding the rotating shaft may be four, six or eight.
  • the invention has several permanent magnets embedded in the iron core, the installation structure is ingenious, the magnetic circuit is well changed, the permanent magnets are not broken after the motor is operated for a long time, the reliability is improved, the material is saved, and the cost is reduced. cut costs.
  • the upper and lower ends of the iron core are provided with an aluminum collar, and the aluminum collar is provided with a plurality of teeth uniformly distributed along the circumference of the rotating shaft, and the teeth on the aluminum collar at the upper end of the iron core face upward.
  • the aluminum sleeve on the lower end of the iron core has a blade facing downward, and the casing is provided with a plurality of grid-shaped ventilation holes.
  • the upper and lower aluminum collars with the teeth serve both as a fixed iron core and as a wind wheel, which causes airflow directly from the inside of the casing when the rotor rotates, through the grid-shaped vents on the casing and The air outside the motor exchanges heat to improve heat dissipation.
  • the outer circumference of the iron core is provided with a plurality of grooves corresponding to the permanent magnets, and the grooves are located between two adjacent permanent magnets, and the aluminum collars at the upper and lower ends of the iron core are There is a connecting column between the connections.
  • the connecting posts are correspondingly stuck in the grooves. Compact structure, strong connection, and does not affect the magnetic circuit distribution of permanent magnets.
  • the iron core is provided with a plurality of mounting holes disposed axially, and a plurality of connecting rods are connected between the aluminum collars at the upper and lower ends of the iron core, and the connecting rods are respectively disposed in one-to-one correspondence Inside the mounting hole.
  • the iron core is generally formed by laminating steel sheets or silicon steel sheets, and the connecting rods press and fix the laminated silicon steel sheets or silicon steel sheets.
  • the base is provided with a flared air inlet protruding toward the iron core, and a large diameter opening of the flared air inlet is connected to the base, and a small diameter opening of the flared air inlet is directed toward the iron core. It is convenient to concentrate the air around the motor to the stator and rotor through the flared air inlet, and to flow out from the grid vent of the motor casing, effectively reducing the internal temperature of the motor.
  • the back surface of the top cover is connected with a horn-shaped air suction nozzle through a ring body, and the large-diameter opening of the horn-shaped air suction nozzle is connected to the surrounding body, and the small-diameter opening of the horn-shaped air suction nozzle faces
  • the surrounding body is provided with a plurality of spaced vents. It is convenient to take in air from the vents on the side of the enclosure and blow it toward the rotor through the flared suction nozzle.
  • the outside air is sucked from the upper and lower ends of the motor, blown to the rotor and the stator, and then blown out from the grid-shaped vents on the side of the casing to form a plurality of air ducts, taking away the motor operation.
  • the heat increases the air-cooling effect, and also acts to discharge dust, and the noise is also low.
  • the top cover on the motor acts to prevent debris from falling into the motor.
  • the permanent magnet mounting holes are four, the permanent magnet mounting holes have a long cross section, and the permanent magnets have a flat rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • the control circuit comprises a rectifier filter module, a power conversion module, a single chip module, a front drive module, a power drive module and a button module, a display module, a remote communication interface, and an input terminal of the rectifier filter module is connected to an AC input power source.
  • the output of the rectification and filtering module is one way through the power conversion module.
  • the whole control circuit provides the working voltage, and the other is connected to the power driving module.
  • the front driving module, the button module, the display module and the remote communication interface are respectively connected with the single chip module, and the front driving module is connected with the power driving module, and the power is driven.
  • the module is connected to the motor.
  • the control circuit adopts DC PWM pulse width modulation mode.
  • the power supply is directly supplied by single-phase AC 220V or three-phase AC 380V.
  • the fully-controlled bridge rectifier circuit generates more than 300V high-voltage DC. Due to the high voltage supply, the motor armature current is relatively reduced.
  • the low-voltage working power supply used by the MCU module, the button module, the display module, the front-end drive module and the power drive module is provided by the power conversion module, eliminating the original motor control circuit.
  • the bulky transformer improves reliability, reduces heat sources, improves power efficiency, and saves energy. After the control signal generated by the MCU module passes through the pre-drive module, the amplified electric signal drives the power drive module to drive the motor to operate.
  • the control circuit adopts two control modes: local control and remote control.
  • the local control inputs the relevant parameters through the button module to make the motor run, and the related parameters are displayed through the display module.
  • the remote communication interface is connected with the remote monitoring host to realize remote communication of data.
  • the monitoring host can not only set the relevant parameters of the motor operation but also analyze and control the data of the motor speed, operating status, fault alarm and the like. Remote control of the motor.
  • the motor is provided with a current sensor, a voltage sensor and a rotational speed sensor, and the current sensor, the voltage sensor and the rotational speed sensor are respectively connected to the single chip module.
  • the online real-time data such as current current, current output power and actual running speed of the motor are transmitted to the MCU module through each sensor, and then displayed through the display module, which is convenient for the staff to operate and control, and timely understand the working state of the motor.
  • the button module and the display module adopt a touch screen
  • the remote communication interface adopts a CAN bus interface.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that: by changing the mounting structure of the permanent magnet, the magnetic circuit is changed, so that the permanent magnet does not break after the motor is operated for a long time, the reliability is improved, the cost is reduced, and the cost is saved.
  • the invention maximizes the air convection inside the motor casing, improves the air cooling effect, and has a good heat dissipation effect, thereby ensuring the reliability of the motor operation and prolonging the service life.
  • the control circuit of the motor of the invention eliminates the cumbersome transformer, thereby reducing the heat source, improving the reliability and the power supply efficiency, and achieving the purpose of saving electricity and energy.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic exploded perspective view of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a top plan view showing the iron core of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit block diagram of a control circuit in the present invention.
  • Embodiment 1 The high-power energy-saving motor of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, includes a motor and its control circuit.
  • the motor comprises a base 1, a casing 2 and a top cover 3, and a stator 4 and a rotor installed in the casing 2, and a rotating shaft 5 is installed in the center of the rotor. Both ends of the rotating shaft are connected by a bearing and a base and a top cover, and the casing 2 is connected.
  • the rotor comprises an iron core 6 which is formed by laminating a plurality of silicon steel sheets, and each of the silicon steel sheets is provided with four mounting holes for surrounding the rotating shaft for placing permanent magnets, and the steel sheets are laminated into iron.
  • the core After the core, four permanent magnet mounting holes around the rotating shaft are formed in the iron core.
  • the permanent magnet mounting holes have a long cross section, and each permanent magnet mounting hole is provided with a permanent magnet 7 and the permanent magnet 7 has a flat rectangular parallelepiped. The two adjacent permanent magnets are perpendicular to each other, and the four permanent magnets are equal in size and thickness.
  • Each of the silicon steel sheets is also provided with eight through holes for connecting the connecting rods, four of which are respectively located outside the four permanent magnet mounting holes, and the other four are respectively arranged in the frame surrounded by the four permanent magnet mounting holes.
  • the steel sheets are laminated into an iron core to form eight axially disposed mounting holes 28 in the core.
  • the iron core 6 is installed in a space surrounded by two aluminum collars 8, and the aluminum collar 8 has a plurality of teeth 9 uniformly distributed along the circumference of the rotating shaft 5, each of which is radially disposed, and the aluminum is located at the upper end of the iron core 6.
  • the toothed piece 9 on the collar 8 faces upward, the toothed piece 9 on the aluminum collar 8 at the lower end of the iron core 6 faces downward, and eight connecting rods and aluminum collars are connected between the upper and lower aluminum collars 8.
  • the eight connecting rods are respectively disposed in the eight mounting holes 28 of the iron core, and the laminated silicon steel sheets are pressed.
  • the outer circumference of the iron core 6 is axially provided with four grooves 11, each of which is located between two adjacent permanent magnets 7, and the four connecting columns 12 are correspondingly caught in the grooves 11.
  • the base 1 is connected with a flared air inlet 13 projecting toward the iron core 6.
  • the large diameter opening of the flared air inlet 13 is connected to the base 1, and the small diameter opening of the flared air inlet 13 faces the core 6.
  • the back surface of the top cover 3 is connected to a horn-shaped air suction nozzle 14 through a ring body 15.
  • the large-diameter opening of the horn-shaped air suction nozzle 14 is connected to the surrounding body 15, and the small-diameter opening of the horn-shaped air suction nozzle 14 faces the iron.
  • the core 6 has a plurality of spaced-apart vents 16 uniformly formed on the circumference 15 along the circumference.
  • the control circuit of the high-power energy-saving motor of the present invention comprises a rectification and filtering module 17, a power conversion module 18, a single-chip module 19, a front-stage driving module 20, a power driving module 21, a button module 22, a display module 23, and a remote
  • the communication interface 24 and the current sensor 25, the voltage sensor 26 and the rotational speed sensor 27 are connected to the motor.
  • the input end of the rectifying and filtering module 17 is connected to a single-phase AC 220V or a three-phase AC 380V AC input power, and the output of the rectifying and filtering module 17 is passed through the power conversion module 18 for the entire control.
  • the circuit provides a working voltage, and the other is connected to the power driving module 21, the front driving module 20, the button module 22, the display module 23, the remote communication interface 24, and the current sensor 25, the voltage sensor 26, and the rotational speed sensor 27 are respectively connected to the single chip module 19,
  • the output of the front drive module 20 is connected to the input of the power drive module 21, and the output of the power drive module 21 is connected to the motor.
  • the button module 22 and the display module 23 are implemented by using a touch screen, and the remote communication interface 24 is a CAN bus interface.
  • the invention has the same power, saves more than 50%, reduces the volume and weight by more than 35%, and has good heat dissipation performance, ensures that the permanent magnet will not be damaged after long-term operation of the motor, stable operation, low noise, multi-speed shifting,
  • the high speed can reach 5000 rpm, and the low speed can reach 500 rpm. It can be controlled locally and remotely. It has the advantages of high power, high switching frequency, low loss and high reliability.

Abstract

一种大功率节能电机,包括电机及其控制电路。电机包括依次相连的底座(1)、机壳(2)和顶盖(3)及安装在机壳(2)内的定子(4)和转子,转子中心设有转轴(5),转子包括铁芯(6),铁芯(6)内设有多个永磁体安装孔,多个永磁体安装孔均匀地环绕于转轴(5)外,每个永磁体安装孔内安装有永磁体(7)。铁芯(6)的上下两端均安装有铝套环(8),铝套环(6)上有齿片(9)。底座(1)上安装有向铁芯(6)凸起的喇叭状吸风口(13),顶盖(3)的背面通过一圈围体(15)连接有一个喇叭状吸风嘴(14),围体(15)上开有通风口(16)。上述结构提高电机内部的空气对流,提升了风冷效果;此外,永磁体长久运行后也不会坏掉,能够确保电机运行的可靠性,延长使用寿命。

Description

大功率节能电机
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电机, 尤其涉及一种散热好、 噪声低、 可靠性高、 使用寿命 长、 省电节能的大功率节能电机。
背景技术
目前电机是工业生产中的主要动力, 其节能指标、 调速性能、 输出输入功率 比、 噪声、 运行寿命一直是大家关注的性能指标。 电机一般包括定子和由铁芯构 成的转子, 通常只在转轴的一端设置一个风扇用于定子和转子的散热, 但在大功 率电机中, 温升还是很高, 使用时间一长, 常常会烧坏绝缘层, 如果温度超过永 磁体的工作极限还将造成永磁体的不可逆退磁, 将使电机转速更高、 效率降低、 功率、 扭矩减小, 将产生更大的热量, 最终使电机失效, 导致停机。 而且, 原有 电机由于转子上永磁体设置得不合理, 这种结构应用到大功率电机上, 不但费用 大, 而且长久运行后易损坏, 可靠性不高。 另一方面, 原有电机的控制电路一般 要用到变压器, 变压器工作时会产生很多的热能, 影响其它电路的可靠性, 而且 电源效率不高, 节能效果不佳。
发明内容
本发明主要解决原有电机由于转子上永磁体设置得不合理, 这种结构应用到 大功率电机上, 不但费用大, 而且长久运行后易损坏, 可靠性不高的技术问题; 提供一种大功率节能电机, 其通过改变永磁体的安装结构, 从而改变磁路, 使电 机长久运行后永磁体也不会坏掉, 提高可靠性, 而且降低费用, 节省成本。
本发明同时解决原有大功率电机散热效果不好, 影响电机运行可靠性及使用 寿命的技术问题; 提供一种大功率节能电机, 其最大化地提高电机机壳内部的空 气对流, 提升风冷效果, 散热效果好, 从而确保电机运行的可靠性, 延长使用寿 命。
本发明又解决原有电机的控制电路一般要用到变压器, 变压器工作时会产生 很多的热能,影响其它电路的可靠性, 电源效率不高,节能效果不佳的技术问题; 提供一种大功率节能电机, 其控制电路省去了笨重的变压器, 从而减少热源, 提 高可靠性及电源效率, 达到省电节能的目的。
本发明的上述技术问题主要是通过下述技术方案得以解决的: 本发明包括电 机及其控制电路, 电机包括依次相连的底座、 机壳和顶盖及安装在机壳内的定子 和转子, 转子中心设有转轴, 所述的转子包括铁芯, 铁芯内设有多个永磁体安装 孔, 多个永磁体安装孔均匀地环绕于所述的转轴外, 每个永磁体安装孔内安装有 永磁体。 铁芯由数块矽钢片或硅钢片层叠而成, 每块矽钢片上开有多个环绕转轴 的、 用来安放永磁体的安装孔, 矽钢片层叠成铁芯后在铁芯内形成多个永磁体安 装孔。 环绕于转轴的数块永磁体可以是四块、 六块或八块。 本发明将数块永磁体 嵌装在铁芯内, 安装结构巧妙, 很好地改变了磁路, 使电机长久运行后永磁体也 不会坏掉, 提高可靠性, 而且节省材料, 降低费用, 节省成本。
作为优选, 所述的铁芯的上下两端均设有铝套环, 铝套环上设有若干沿转轴 圆周均布的齿片, 位于铁芯上端的铝套环上的齿片朝上, 位于铁芯下端的铝套环 上的齿片朝下, 所述的机壳上设有若干栅形通风孔。 带有齿片的上、 下铝套环既 起到固定铁芯的作用, 又起到风轮的作用, 使转子转动时直接从机壳内部产生气 流, 通过机壳上的栅形通风孔和电机外部的空气进行热量交换, 提高散热效果。
作为优选, 所述的铁芯的外周轴向设有个数和永磁体一致的凹槽, 所述的凹 槽位于两个相邻的永磁体之间, 位于铁芯上下两端的铝套环之间连接有连接柱, 所述的连接柱一一对应地卡在所述的凹槽内。 结构紧凑, 连接牢固, 而且不影响 永磁体的磁路分布。
作为优选, 所述的铁芯上设有轴向设置的若干个安装孔, 位于铁芯上下两端 的铝套环之间连接有若干个连接杆,所述的连接杆一一对应地穿设在所述的安装 孔内。铁芯一般由矽钢片或硅钢片层叠而成, 连接杆对层叠起来的矽钢片或硅钢 片起到压紧及固定作用。
作为优选, 所述的底座上设有向铁芯凸起的喇叭状吸风口, 喇叭状吸风口的 大直径口连在底座上, 喇叭状吸风口的小直径口朝向所述的铁芯。 便于把电机外 围的空气集中通过喇叭状吸风口吹向定子和转子, 并从电机机壳的栅形通风孔流 出, 有效降低电机内部温度。
作为优选, 所述的顶盖的背面通过一圈围体连接有一个喇叭状吸风嘴, 喇叭 状吸风嘴的大直径口连在围体上, 喇叭状吸风嘴的小直径口朝向所述的铁芯, 所 述的围体上设有若干间隔设置的通风口。 便于从围体侧面的通风口吸入空气, 经 过喇叭状吸风嘴吹向转子。 配合底座上的喇叭状吸风口, 从电机的上、 下两端吸 入外部空气, 吹向转子和定子,再从机壳侧面的栅形通风口吹出,形成多个风道, 带走电机运转产生的热量, 提高风冷效果, 同时也起到排出灰尘的作用, 噪声也 较低。 电机上的顶盖起到防止杂物掉入电机内的作用。
作为优选, 所述的永磁体安装孔有四个, 永磁体安装孔的横截面呈长条状, 所述的永磁体呈扁形的长方体。
作为优选,所述的控制电路包括整流滤波模块、 电源转换模块、单片机模块、 前级驱动模块、 功率驱动模块和按键模块、 显示模块、 远程通信接口, 整流滤波 模块的输入端接交流输入电源, 整流滤波模块的输出端, 一路经电源转换模块为 整个控制电路提供工作电压,另一路接功率驱动模块,前级驱动模块、按键模块、 显示模块和远程通信接口分别和所述的单片机模块相连, 前级驱动模块再和功率 驱动模块相连, 功率驱动模块和所述的电机相连。 本控制电路采用直流 PWM脉宽 调制方式, 电源直接由单相交流 220V或三相交流 380V供电, 经全控桥式整流滤 波电路, 产生 300V 以上的高压直流电。 由于采用高电压供电, 电机电枢电流相 对减小, 单片机模块、 按键模块、 显示模块以及前级驱动模块、 功率驱动模块要 用到的低压工作电源由电源转换模块提供, 省去原来电机控制电路中笨重的变压 器, 提高可靠性, 同时减少热源, 提高电源效率, 省电节能。 单片机模块产生的 控制信号通过前级驱动模块后, 放大的电信号再驱动功率驱动模块, 从而驱动电 机运转, 和常用的可控硅驱动相比, 具有大功率、 高开关频率、 低损耗、 高可靠 的优点。 本控制电路采用本地控制和远程控制两种控制方式。 本地控制通过按键 模块输入相关参数, 使电机运转, 相关参数通过显示模块显示。 将远程通信接口 和远端的监控主机相连, 实现数据的远程通讯, 通过监控主机既能设定电机运转 的相关参数又能对电机的速度、 运行状态、 故障报警等数据进行分析和控制, 实 现电机的远程控制。
作为优选, 所述的电机上设有电流传感器、 电压传感器和转速传感器, 所述 的电流传感器、 电压传感器和转速传感器分别和所述的单片机模块相连。 电机运 转时的当前电流、 当前输出功率、 实际运行转速等在线实时数据通过各传感器输 送给单片机模块, 再通过显示模块显示出来, 便于工作人员操作和控制, 及时了 解电机的工作状态。
作为优选, 所述的按键模块和显示模块采用触摸屏, 所述的远程通信接口采 用 CAN总线接口。 结构紧凑, 连接方便, 操作及显示方便, 通讯可靠性好。 本发明的有益效果是: 通过改变永磁体的安装结构, 从而改变磁路, 使电机 长久运行后永磁体也不会坏掉, 提高可靠性, 而且降低费用, 节省成本。 本发明 最大化地提高电机机壳内部的空气对流, 提升风冷效果, 散热效果好, 从而确保 电机运行的可靠性,延长使用寿命。本发明电机的控制电路省去了笨重的变压器, 从而减少热源, 提高可靠性及电源效率, 达到省电节能的目的。
附图说明
图 1是本发明的一种立体分解结构示意图。
图 2是本发明中铁芯的一种俯视结构示意图。
图 3是本发明中控制电路的一种电路原理框图。
图中 1.底座, 2.机壳, 3.顶盖, 4.定子, 5.转轴, 6.铁芯, 7.永磁体, 8.铝 套环, 9.齿片, 10.栅形通风孔, 11.凹槽, 12.连接柱, 13.喇叭状吸风口, 14. 喇叭状吸风嘴, 15.围体, 16.通风口, 17.整流滤波模块, 18.电源转换模块, 19. 单片机模块, 20.前级驱动模块, 21.功率驱动模块, 22.按键模块, 23.显示模块, 24.远程通信接口, 25.电流传感器, 26.电压传感器, 27.转速传感器, 28.安装 孔。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例, 并结合附图, 对本发明的技术方案作进一步具体的说明。 实施例 1 : 本实施例的大功率节能电机, 如图 1所示, 包括电机及其控制电 路。 电机包括依次相连的底座 1、 机壳 2和顶盖 3及安装在机壳 2内的定子 4和 转子, 转子中心安装有转轴 5, 转轴两端通过轴承和底座、 顶盖相连, 机壳 2上 有数个栅形通风孔 10。 如图 2所示, 转子包括由数块矽钢片层叠而成的铁芯 6, 每块矽钢片上开有四个环绕转轴的、 用来安放永磁体的安装孔, 矽钢片层叠成铁 芯后在铁芯内形成四个环绕转轴的永磁体安装孔,永磁体安装孔的横截面呈长条 状, 每个永磁体安装孔内安装有永磁体 7, 永磁体 7呈扁形的长方体, 相邻两个 永磁体互相垂直, 四个永磁体大小及厚度均相等。 每块矽钢片上还开有八个用来 穿设连接杆的通孔, 其中四个分别位于四个永磁体安装孔的外侧, 另外四个分别 位于四个永磁体安装孔围成的框体的四个角上,矽钢片层叠成铁芯后在铁芯内形 成八个轴向设置的安装孔 28。铁芯 6安装在两个铝套环 8围成的空间内,铝套环 8上有数片沿转轴 5圆周均布的齿片 9, 每个齿片径向设置, 位于铁芯 6上端的 铝套环 8上的齿片 9朝上, 位于铁芯 6下端的铝套环 8上的齿片 9朝下, 上、 下 两个铝套环 8之间连接有八根连接杆、 铝套环的边缘之间连接有四根连接柱 12。 八根连接杆一一对应地穿设在铁芯的八个安装孔 28 内, 对层叠的矽钢片起到压 紧的作用。 铁芯 6的外周轴向设置有四条凹槽 11, 每条凹槽 11位于两个相邻的 永磁体 7之间, 四根连接柱 12—一对应地卡在凹槽 11内。 底座 1上连有一个向 铁芯 6凸起的喇叭状吸风口 13, 喇叭状吸风口 13的大直径口连在底座 1上, 喇 叭状吸风口 13的小直径口朝向铁芯 6。 顶盖 3的背面通过一圈围体 15连接有一 个喇叭状吸风嘴 14, 喇叭状吸风嘴 14的大直径口连在围体 15上,喇叭状吸风嘴 14的小直径口朝向铁芯 6, 围体 15上沿圆周均匀地开有多个间隔设置的通风口 16。
如图 3所示,本发明大功率节能电机的控制电路包括整流滤波模块 17、 电源 转换模块 18、单片机模块 19、前级驱动模块 20、功率驱动模块 21、按键模块 22、 显示模块 23和远程通信接口 24以及和电机相连的电流传感器 25、 电压传感器 26和转速传感器 27。整流滤波模块 17的输入端接单相交流 220V或三相交流 380V 交流输入电源, 整流滤波模块 17的输出端, 一路经电源转换模块 18为整个控制 电路提供工作电压, 另一路接功率驱动模块 21, 前级驱动模块 20、按键模块 22、 显示模块 23、远程通信接口 24以及电流传感器 25、 电压传感器 26、转速传感器 27分别和单片机模块 19相连, 前级驱动模块 20的输出端再和功率驱动模块 21 的输入端相连, 功率驱动模块 21 的输出端和电机相连。 本实施例中, 按键模块 22和显示模块 23采用触摸屏实现, 远程通信接口 24采用 CAN总线接口。
本发明在同等功率下, 省电在 50%以上, 体积和重量减轻 35%以上, 且散热 性能非常好, 确保电机长久运行后永磁体也不会损坏, 运行平稳, 噪声低, 多级 变速, 高速可达 5000转 /分, 低速可达 500转 /分, 既能本地控制又能远程控制, 具有大功率、 高开关频率、 低损耗、 高可靠性的优点。

Claims

权利要求
1. 一种大功率节能电机, 包括电机及其控制电路, 电机包括依次相连的底 座 (1)、 机壳 (2) 和顶盖 (3) 及安装在机壳 (2) 内的定子 (4) 和转子, 转子 中心设有转轴 (5), 其特征在于所述的转子包括铁芯 (6), 铁芯 (6) 内设有多 个永磁体安装孔, 多个永磁体安装孔均匀地环绕于所述的转轴 (5) 外, 每个永 磁体安装孔内安装有永磁体 (7)。
2.根据权利要求 1所述的大功率节能电机, 其特征在于所述的铁芯 (6) 的 上下两端均设有铝套环 (8), 铝套环 (8) 上设有若干沿转轴 (5) 圆周均布的齿 片 (9), 位于铁芯 (6) 上端的铝套环 (8) 上的齿片 (9) 朝上, 位于铁芯 (6) 下端的铝套环 (8) 上的齿片 (9) 朝下, 所述的机壳 (2) 上设有若干栅形通风 孔 (10)。
3.根据权利要求 2所述的大功率节能电机, 其特征在于所述的铁芯 (6) 的 外周轴向设有个数和永磁体 (7) —致的凹槽 (11), 所述的凹槽 (11) 位于两个 相邻的永磁体 (7) 之间, 位于铁芯 (6) 上下两端的铝套环 (8) 的边缘之间连 接有连接柱 (12), 所述的连接柱 (12) —一对应地卡在所述的凹槽 (11) 内。
4.根据权利要求 2或 3所述的大功率节能电机, 其特征在于所述的铁芯(6) 上设有轴向设置的若干个安装孔 (28), 位于铁芯 (6) 上下两端的铝套环 (8) 之间连接有若干个连接杆, 所述的连接杆一一对应地穿设在所述的安装孔 (28) 内。
5.根据权利要求 1或 2或 3所述的大功率节能电机, 其特征在于所述的底座 (1) 上设有向铁芯 (6) 凸起的喇叭状吸风口 (13), 喇叭状吸风口 (13) 的大 直径口连在底座 (1) 上, 喇叭状吸风口 (13) 的小直径口朝向所述的铁芯 (6)。
6.根据权利要求 1或 2或 3所述的大功率节能电机, 其特征在于所述的顶盖 (3) 的背面通过一圈围体 (15)连接有一个喇叭状吸风嘴 (14), 喇叭状吸风嘴 (14) 的大直径口连在围体 (15) 上, 喇叭状吸风嘴 (14) 的小直径口朝向所述 的铁芯 (6), 所述的围体 (15) 上设有若干间隔设置的通风口 (16)。
7.根据权利要求 5所述的大功率节能电机, 其特征在于所述的顶盖 (3) 的 背面通过一圈围体 (15) 连接有一个喇叭状吸风嘴 (14), 喇叭状吸风嘴 (14) 的大直径口连在围体 (15) 上, 喇叭状吸风嘴 (14) 的小直径口朝向所述的铁芯
(6), 所述的围体 (15) 上设有若干间隔设置的通风口 (16)。
8.根据权利要求 1或 2或 3所述的大功率节能电机, 其特征在于所述的永磁 体 (7) 安装孔有四个, 永磁体安装孔的横截面呈长条状, 所述的永磁体 (7) 呈 扁形的长方体。
9.根据权利要求 1所述的大功率节能电机, 其特征在于所述的控制电路包括 整流滤波模块(17)、电源转换模块(18)、单片机模块(19)、前级驱动模块(20)、 功率驱动模块 (21) 和按键模块 (22)、 显示模块 (23)、 远程通信接口 (24), 整流滤波模块 (17) 的输入端接交流输入电源, 整流滤波模块 (17) 的输出端, 一路经电源转换模块(18)为整个控制电路提供工作电压, 另一路接功率驱动模 块 (21), 前级驱动模块 (20)、 按键模块 (22)、 显示模块 (23) 和远程通信接 口 (24) 分别和所述的单片机模块 (19) 相连, 前级驱动模块 (20) 再和功率驱 动模块 (21) 相连, 功率驱动模块 (21) 和所述的电机相连。
10.根据权利要求 9所述的大功率节能电机, 其特征在于所述的电机上设有 电流传感器(25)、电压传感器(26)和转速传感器(27),所述的电流传感器(25)、 电压传感器 (26) 和转速传感器 (27) 分别和所述的单片机模块 (19) 相连。
PCT/CN2011/080420 2011-08-17 2011-09-30 大功率节能电机 WO2013023402A1 (zh)

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