WO2013013435A1 - 永磁同步电机 - Google Patents

永磁同步电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013013435A1
WO2013013435A1 PCT/CN2011/079181 CN2011079181W WO2013013435A1 WO 2013013435 A1 WO2013013435 A1 WO 2013013435A1 CN 2011079181 W CN2011079181 W CN 2011079181W WO 2013013435 A1 WO2013013435 A1 WO 2013013435A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
synchronous motor
magnet synchronous
magnetic
stator
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/079181
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄辉
胡余生
陈东锁
陈华杰
肖勇
曾学英
张文明
Original Assignee
珠海格力电器股份有限公司
珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司
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Application filed by 珠海格力电器股份有限公司, 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 filed Critical 珠海格力电器股份有限公司
Priority to US14/235,408 priority Critical patent/US20140152139A1/en
Priority to EP11869838.0A priority patent/EP2738923B1/en
Publication of WO2013013435A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013013435A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
    • H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
    • H02K1/2766—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
    • H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
    • H02K21/16—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures having annular armature cores with salient poles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a permanent magnet synchronous motor.
  • a permanent magnet synchronous motor includes a stator and a rotor.
  • a magnetic groove is arranged on the rotor, and a permanent magnet is placed in the magnetic groove.
  • the rotor is driven by the permanent magnet torque and the reluctance torque, as shown in the following formula.
  • mp(L q -L d ) q is reluctance torque
  • ⁇ is the maximum value of the stator-coupled flux generated by the permanent magnet
  • m is the number of phases of the stator conductor
  • Ld, Lq are the d-axis and q-axis inductance, respectively
  • id, iq are the armature current at d
  • Torque T few people increase the output torque T of the permanent magnet synchronous motor from the perspective of reluctance torque; in fact, the permanent magnet torque depends to a large extent on the performance of the permanent magnet, and the existing permanent Rare earth materials are needed in the processing of magnets. The use of rare earth materials can cause environmental damage, increase the cost of products, and is not conducive to the optimal utilization of resources.
  • An object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a permanent magnet synchronous motor which can reduce the dependence on rare earth and improve the output torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor from other angles.
  • the technical solution is as follows.
  • a permanent magnet synchronous motor comprising a stator and a rotor, wherein a plurality of wire grooves are arranged circumferentially on the stator, a plurality of magnetic groove groups are arranged circumferentially in the rotor, and a wire turns are arranged in the wire groove, and the magnetic groove group is arranged in the magnetic groove group
  • the wire grooves are evenly distributed along the circumference of the stator, and the magnetic groove groups are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor.
  • the magnetic groove group includes at least two magnetic grooves, and each of the magnetic grooves in the magnetic groove group has the same orientation and is arranged in a radial direction.
  • the magnetic groove is a radially outwardly facing arcuate groove or U-shaped groove.
  • the permanent magnet is in the shape of a flat plate or an arc.
  • the permanent magnet is curved, and the thickness of both ends thereof is gradually thinned.
  • the invention breaks through the traditional idea and improves the output torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor from the perspective of reluctance torque.
  • the specific way is that the permanent magnet torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is basically maintained under the condition of permanent magnet determination. The same is true.
  • the output torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is improved by optimizing the structure of the permanent magnet synchronous motor. In other words, the output torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is increased without increasing the amount of rare earth used, and the output torque is reduced.
  • the thickness of both ends of the permanent magnet is gradually thinned, which can prevent the permanent magnet from demagnetizing and prevent the permanent magnet from sliding in the magnetic groove.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of the first embodiment of the present invention, with the inductance difference Lq-Ld and K removed
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to a third embodiment of the present invention
  • stator 1, stator, 2, rotor, 3, wire trough, 4, wire ⁇ , 5, magnetic groove group, 6, magnetic groove, 7, permanent magnet, W, spacing, Lc, tooth width.
  • a permanent magnet synchronous motor includes a stator 1 and a rotor 2, and a plurality of slots 3 are circumferentially arranged on the stator 1, and are disposed circumferentially in the rotor 2.
  • the pitch is W
  • the tooth width of the stator 1 is Lc
  • the number of the wire grooves 3 on the stator 1 is S
  • 3PW/LcS K, 0.15 ⁇ K ⁇ 0.85, preferably 0.2 ⁇ 0.8.
  • the permanent magnets 7 are divided into two types: a drain pole and an S pole.
  • the polarities of the permanent magnets 7 in each of the magnetic groove groups 5 are the same, and the polarities of the permanent magnets 7 in each magnetic groove group 5 are alternately set according to NS;
  • the slot 3 is evenly distributed along the circumference of the stator 1 , and the magnetic slot group 5 is evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotor 2;
  • the magnetic slot group 5 includes two magnetic slots 6 , and each magnetic slot in the magnetic slot group 5 6 is oriented in the same direction, arranged in a radial direction, the magnetic groove 6 is a radially outwardly curved groove, and the permanent magnet 7 is also curved; the two ends of the permanent magnet 7 are present between the magnetic groove 6 and the magnetic groove 6 gap.
  • the invention breaks through the traditional idea and improves the output torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor from the perspective of reluctance torque.
  • the specific way is that, in the case where the permanent magnet 7 is determined, the permanent magnet torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is basically It remains unchanged. At this time, the output torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is improved by optimizing the structure of the permanent magnet synchronous motor. In other words, the output torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is increased without increasing the amount of rare earth used. Environmental pollution, reducing production costs;
  • the permanent magnet torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is also basically determined, but by using the scheme described in this embodiment, the structure of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is improved to improve the value of Lq-Ld. According to the following formula, the output torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor can be increased, and the dependence on the rare earth can be reduced, and the damage to the environment can be reduced. reduce manufacturing cost.
  • the magnetic groove group 5 includes three magnetic grooves 6, and the magnetic grooves 6 are radially facing The outer arc-shaped groove, the permanent magnet 7 is also curved, and the thickness of both ends of the permanent magnet 7 is gradually thinned.
  • the principle of the embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the thickness of the ends of the permanent magnet 7 is gradually thinned, which not only prevents the permanent The demagnetization of the magnet also prevents the permanent magnet 7 from sliding within the magnetic groove 6.
  • the third embodiment is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the magnetic groove group 5 includes two magnetic grooves 6, and the magnetic grooves 6 are radially outward U-shaped grooves; the permanent magnets 7 are flat plates of equal thickness.
  • the shape, occupying the central portion of the magnetic groove 6, the flat-shaped permanent magnet 7 has a simple processing process and is convenient for magnetization, and has a cost advantage over the curved permanent magnet.
  • the principle of the embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the above is only the specific embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; any substitutions and improvements made without departing from the inventive concept are within the scope of the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)

Abstract

一种永磁同步电机，包括定子（1）及转子（2），在定子（1）上沿周向设置多个线槽（3），转子（2）内沿周向设置多个磁槽组（5），线槽（3）内设有线圏（4），磁槽组（5）内设有永磁体（7）；转子（2）上永磁体（7）的极数为P，相邻两个磁槽组（5）之间的间距为W，定子（1）的齿宽为Lc，定子（1）上线槽（3）的数量为S，3PW/LcS=K，0.15≤K≤0.85。这种永磁同步电机可以减少对稀土的依赖，提高永磁同步电机的输出转矩。

Description

7 J兹同步电机 技术领域 本发明涉及一种永磁同步电机。
背景技术 永磁同步电机包括有定子及转子， 在转子上设置有磁槽， 磁槽内放置有永磁体， 在工 作过程中， 依靠永磁转矩及磁阻转矩驱动转子转动， 如以下公式所示：
Figure imgf000003_0001
其中， 第一项： mp(Lq -Ld) q 为磁阻转矩， 第二项：
Figure imgf000003_0002
为永磁转矩， Ψρηι为永磁体产生的定转子耦合磁通的最大值， m为定子导体的相数， Ld、 Lq分别为 d轴和 q轴电感， id、 iq是电枢电流在 d轴、 q轴方向上的分量； 由于永磁转矩对于永磁同步电机的输出转矩 T贡献最大， 所以， 现在通行的作法是釆 用提高永磁转矩的方法来提高永磁同步电机输出转矩 T, 很少有人从磁阻转矩的角度去提 升永磁同步电机的输出转矩 T; 而实际上， 永磁转矩在很大程度上取决于永磁体的性能， 现有的永磁体的加工过程中 需要用到稀土材料， 稀土材料的使用会造成环境破坏， 增加产品的成本， 不利于资源的优 化利用。
发明内容 本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的缺陷， 提供一种永磁同步电机， 本发明可以减少对 稀土的依赖， 从其它角度考虑提高永磁同步电机的输出转矩。 其技术方案如下。 一种永磁同步电机， 包括定子及转子， 在定子上沿周向设置有多个线槽， 在转子内沿 周向设置有多个磁槽组， 在线槽内设有线圏， 在磁槽组内设有永磁体； 转子上永磁体的极 数为 P, 相邻两个磁槽组之间的间距为 W, 定子的齿宽为 Lc, 定子上线槽的数量为 S , 3PW/LcS=K, 0.15≤K≤0.85。 进一步， 0.2≤Κ≤0.8。 所述线槽沿所述定子周向均布， 所述磁槽组沿所述转子周向均布。 所述磁槽组包括至少两个磁槽， 所述磁槽组中各磁槽的朝向相同， 沿径向排列。 所述磁槽呈径向朝外的弧形槽或 U形槽。 所述永磁体的两端与所述磁槽之间存在间隙。 所述永磁体为平板形或弧形。 所述永磁体为弧形， 其两端的厚度逐渐变薄。 下面对本发明的优点或原理进行说明：
1、 本发明突破传统的思路， 从磁阻转矩的角度来提高永磁同步电机的输出转矩， 具 体方式是， 在永磁体确定的情况下， 永磁同步电机的永磁转矩基本保持不变， 此时主要是 通过对永磁同步电机的结构进行优化来提高永磁同步电机的输出转矩， 换言之， 在不增加 稀土使用量的情况下来提高永磁同步电机输出转矩， 减少了环境污染， 降低了生产成本；
2、 经过实验证明， 当 0.15≤Κ≤0.85时， 可以有效的提高 Lq-Ld的值， 进而提高永磁同 步电机的输出转矩， 而当 0.2≤K≤0.8 , 永磁同步电机的输出转矩最大；
3、 所述永磁体的两端与所述磁槽之间存在间隙， 可以防止永磁体的两端退磁。 装配 时避免碰坏永磁体；
4、 所述永磁体两端的厚度逐渐变薄， 既可以防止永磁体退磁， 也防止永磁体在磁槽 内滑动。
附图说明 图 1是本发明实施例一所述永磁同步电机的剖视图； 图 2是图 1中， 去掉线圏及永磁体后的局部放大图； 图 3是电感差 Lq-Ld与 K的曲线图； 图 4是本发明实施例二所述永磁同步电机的剖视图； 图 5是本发明实施例三所述永磁同步电机的剖视图； 附图标记说明：
1、 定子， 2、 转子， 3、 线槽， 4、 线圏， 5、 磁槽组， 6、 磁槽， 7、 永磁体， W、 间距， Lc、 齿宽。
具体实施方式 下面对本发明的实施例进行详细说明。 实施例一如图 1、 图 2所示， 一种永磁同步电机， 包括定子 1及转子 2 , 在定子 1上 沿周向设置有多个线槽 3 ,在转子 2内沿周向设置有多个磁槽组 5 ,在线槽 3内设有线圏 4, 在磁槽组 5内设有永磁体 7； 转子 2上永磁体 7的极数为 P , 相邻两个磁槽组 5之间的间 距为 W, 定子 1的齿宽为 Lc, 定子 1上线槽 3的数量为 S , 3PW/LcS=K, 0.15<K<0.85 , 优选为 0.2≤Κ≤0.8。 其中， 永磁体 7分为 Ν极及 S极两种， 每个磁槽组 5中的永磁体 7的极性相同， 且各 个磁槽组 5中的永磁体 7的极性按 NS交替设置； 所述线槽 3沿所述定子 1周向均布， 所 述磁槽组 5沿所述转子 2周向均布； 所述磁槽组 5包括两个磁槽 6, 所述磁槽组 5中各磁 槽 6的朝向相同， 沿径向排列， 所述磁槽 6呈径向朝外的弧形槽， 永磁体 7也呈弧形； 所 述永磁体 7的两端与所述磁槽 6之间存在间隙。 下面对本发明的优点或原理进行说明：
1、 本发明突破传统的思路， 从磁阻转矩的角度来提高永磁同步电机的输出转矩， 具 体方式是， 在永磁体 7确定的情况下， 永磁同步电机的永磁转矩基本保持不变， 此时主要 是通过对永磁同步电机的结构进行优化来提高永磁同步电机的输出转矩， 换言之， 在不增 加稀土使用量的情况下来提高永磁同步电机输出转矩，减少了环境污染，降低了生产成本；
2、 在釆用前述思路的前提下， 经过大量的实验证明， 当 0.15≤Κ≤0.85时， 可以有效的 提高 Lq-Ld的值， 进而提高永磁同步电机的输出转矩， 优选范围为 0.2≤K≤0.8 , 而当 Κ=0.4 时， 永磁同步电机的输出转矩最大， 如图 3所示；
3、 所述永磁体 7的两端与所述磁槽 6之间存在间隙， 可以防止永磁体 7的两端退磁。 装配时避免永磁体 7碰坏。 对于永磁体一定的情况下， 永磁同步电机的永磁转矩也基本确定， 但通过釆用本实施 例所述的方案， 从永磁同步电机的结构上进行改进来提高 Lq-Ld的值， 再通过以下公式可 知， 即可提高该永磁同步电机的输出转矩， 并且减少对稀土的依赖， 减少对环境的破坏， 降低生产成本。
T =，ih ~ i) q + mP pMi g 实施例二如图 4所示， 本实施例中， 所述所述磁槽组 5包括三个磁槽 6 , 磁槽 6呈径 向朝外的弧形槽， 永磁体 7也呈弧形， 且永磁体 7两端的厚度逐渐变薄， 本实施例的原理 与实施例一相同， 永磁体 7两端的厚度逐渐变薄， 不但可以防止永磁体退磁， 还可以防止 永磁体 7在磁槽 6内滑动。 实施例三如图 5所示， 本实施例中， 所述所述磁槽组 5包括两个磁槽 6 , 磁槽 6呈径 向朝外的 U形槽； 永磁体 7为等厚度的平板形， 占据了磁槽 6的中心部分， 平板形的永磁 体 7的加工工艺简单， 充磁方便， 相比较弧形永磁体具有成本优势。 本实施例的原理与实 施例一相同， 此处不再赘述。 以上仅为本发明的具体实施例， 并不以此限定本发明的保护范围； 在不违反本发明构 思的基础上所作的任何替换与改进， 均属本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种永磁同步电机， 包括定子及转子， 在定子上沿周向设置有多个线槽， 在转子 内沿周向设置有多个磁槽组， 在线槽内设有线圏， 在磁槽组内设有永磁体； 其特征在于， 转子上永磁体的极数为 P, 相邻两个磁槽组之间的间距为 W, 定子的齿宽为 Lc , 定子上线 槽的数量为 S , 3PW/LcS=K, 0.15≤K≤0.85。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的永磁同步电机， 其特征在于， 0.2≤Κ≤0.8。
3、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的永磁同步电机， 其特征在于， 所述线槽沿所述定子周向 均布， 所述磁槽组沿所述转子周向均布。
4、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的永磁同步电机， 其特征在于， 所述磁槽组包括至少两个 磁槽， 所述磁槽组中各磁槽的朝向相同， 沿径向排列。
5、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的永磁同步电机， 其特征在于， 所述磁槽呈径向朝外的弧 形槽或 U形槽。
6、 如权利要求 5所述的永磁同步电机， 其特征在于， 所述永磁体的两端与所述磁槽 之间存在间隙。
7、 如权利要求 5所述的永磁同步电机， 其特征在于， 所述永磁体为平板形或弧形。
8、 如权利要求 5所述的永磁同步电机， 其特征在于， 所述永磁体为弧形， 其两端的 厚度逐渐变薄。
PCT/CN2011/079181 2011-07-28 2011-08-31 永磁同步电机 WO2013013435A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14/235,408 US20140152139A1 (en) 2011-07-28 2011-08-31 Permanent magnet synchronous motor
EP11869838.0A EP2738923B1 (en) 2011-07-28 2011-08-31 Permanent magnet synchronous motor

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CN2011102125900A CN102769365A (zh) 2011-07-28 2011-07-28 永磁同步电机
CN201110212590.0 2011-07-28

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