WO2013008882A1 - Temperature detection device - Google Patents

Temperature detection device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013008882A1
WO2013008882A1 PCT/JP2012/067802 JP2012067802W WO2013008882A1 WO 2013008882 A1 WO2013008882 A1 WO 2013008882A1 JP 2012067802 W JP2012067802 W JP 2012067802W WO 2013008882 A1 WO2013008882 A1 WO 2013008882A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
temperature
battery cell
battery
thermoelectric element
cell group
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2012/067802
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
慎太郎 渡▲辺▼
Original Assignee
株式会社 豊田自動織機
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社 豊田自動織機 filed Critical 株式会社 豊田自動織機
Publication of WO2013008882A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013008882A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
    • G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
    • G01K1/14—Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/637—Control systems characterised by the use of reversible temperature-sensitive devices, e.g. NTC, PTC or bimetal devices; characterised by control of the internal current flowing through the cells, e.g. by switching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
    • H01M10/6572—Peltier elements or thermoelectric devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a temperature detection device, and more specifically, the temperature of each battery cell of a plurality of battery cells each provided with a thermoelectric element or each of a plurality of battery cell groups each provided with a thermoelectric element.
  • the present invention relates to a temperature detection apparatus suitable for detecting the temperature of the battery cell group.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a battery power supply device including a plurality of battery modules formed by connecting a plurality of single cells as secondary batteries in series. As shown in FIG. 7, in the battery power supply device of Patent Document 1, the battery modules 52 are accommodated in the battery holder 51 in the outer case 50 in a state of being arranged in three horizontal rows and seven vertical rows. The blower 53 is used for cooling the battery module 52. The air taken in from the air intake port 54 by the blower 53 is supplied into the battery holder 51 from below in FIG. Block temperature sensors 55a, 55b, 55c, and 55d are respectively attached to the first, third, and fifth battery modules 52 from the bottom among the seven battery modules 52 in the central vertical row.
  • Patent Document 1 describes that the temperature of the remaining battery modules 52 to which no block temperature sensor is attached can be estimated from the temperatures of the four battery modules 52 measured by the block temperature sensors 55a to 55d. ing. Specifically, the temperatures of the second, fourth, and sixth battery modules 52 from the bottom of the central vertical column are the block temperature sensors 55a attached to the two battery modules 52 positioned above and below the battery module 52, respectively. It is calculated from the measured temperatures of ⁇ 55d or estimated as an intermediate value of these measured temperatures. In addition, the temperature of the battery modules 52 in the left and right vertical columns is estimated as substantially the same temperature as the temperature of the battery modules 52 in the central vertical row located adjacent to the battery modules 52.
  • thermoelectric element such as a Peltier element
  • each secondary battery can be cooled or heated by switching the direction of energization to the thermoelectric element.
  • an apparatus that can accurately detect the individual temperature of the secondary battery is desired.
  • each secondary battery is provided with a temperature sensor, the number of wires increases, resulting in an increase in cost and assembly man-hours.
  • the temperature of the secondary battery provided with the temperature sensor is set to the temperature of the secondary battery provided with no temperature sensor. By estimating from the temperature, it is possible to prevent an increase in the number of wirings and an increase in assembly man-hours.
  • the cooling or heating conditions by the thermoelectric element are not necessarily the same for all secondary batteries. Is simply estimated from the temperature of another secondary battery measured by the temperature sensor, the estimation accuracy is deteriorated.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide temperature sensors for all battery cells or all battery cell groups when the temperatures of a plurality of battery cells or a plurality of battery cell groups are individually adjusted using thermoelectric elements.
  • it is providing the temperature detection apparatus which can obtain
  • the temperature of each battery cell of a plurality of battery cells each provided with a thermoelectric element or a plurality of thermoelectric elements provided respectively.
  • a temperature detection device for detecting the temperature of each battery cell group of the battery cell group is provided.
  • the temperature detecting device includes first temperature measuring means (first temperature measuring device) for measuring temperatures of at least two of the plurality of battery cells or at least two of the plurality of battery cell groups. Yes. Further, the temperature detecting device is provided with the first temperature measuring means based on the temperature of the battery cell or the battery cell group measured by the first temperature measuring means and the temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric element.
  • thermoelectric element means not only a thermoelectric conversion element such as a Peltier element, but also an element that generates heat when a current flows.
  • the “temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric element” means a voltage signal corresponding to the thermoelectromotive force generated in the thermoelectric conversion element when a temperature difference is given when the thermoelectric element is a thermoelectric conversion element.
  • the element is an element that generates heat when a current is passed, it means a resistance value signal that can be detected when a predetermined current is passed through the element.
  • the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group provided with the first temperature measuring means is detected by measuring the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group using the first temperature measuring means. Done.
  • the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group not provided with the first temperature measuring means is detected by measuring the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group by the first temperature measuring means. This is performed by estimating the temperature of the cell group and the temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric element by the temperature estimation means. Therefore, the temperature of all the battery cells or battery cell groups provided with the thermoelectric elements can be detected using the first temperature measurement means having a number smaller than the number of battery cells or the number of battery cell groups. . Further, by using the temperature estimation signal, the individual temperatures of the battery cells or battery cell groups can be accurately obtained without providing temperature sensors for all battery cells or all battery cell groups.
  • the thermoelectric element is, for example, a thermoelectric conversion element.
  • Each of the thermoelectric conversion elements has a first surface and a second surface, and one of the first surface and the second surface serves as a heat generation surface, depending on the polarity of energization to the thermoelectric conversion element. The other functions as an endothermic surface.
  • the thermoelectric conversion element outputs a voltage signal corresponding to the temperature difference between the first surface and the second surface as the temperature estimation signal.
  • the detection of the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group not provided with the first temperature measurement means is performed by detecting the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group by the first temperature measurement means. This is performed by estimating the temperature of the battery cell group and the voltage signal output from the thermoelectric conversion element by the temperature estimation means.
  • the thermoelectric element is, for example, a heating resistor element that plays a role of heating the battery cell or the battery cell group and has a thermistor function.
  • the detection of the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group not provided with the first temperature measurement means is performed by detecting the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group by the first temperature measurement means. This is performed by estimating the temperature of the battery cell group and the resistance value signal from the heating resistance element by the temperature estimation means.
  • a temperature detection device for detecting the temperature of a cell group is provided.
  • the temperature detecting device includes a second temperature measuring means (second temperature measuring device) for measuring the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium supplied around the thermoelectric element.
  • the temperature detection device estimates the temperature of the battery cell or the battery cell group based on the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium measured by the second temperature measuring unit and the temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric element.
  • Temperature estimation means temperature estimator
  • the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group is detected by detecting the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group from the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium measured by the second temperature measuring means and the thermoelectric element. This is performed by estimating the temperature estimation signal from the temperature estimation signal.
  • the individual temperatures of the battery cells or battery cell groups can be accurately obtained without providing temperature sensors for all battery cells or all battery cell groups.
  • the temperature estimation means includes a temperature of the temperature adjustment medium measured by the second temperature measurement means and a temperature of the temperature adjustment medium in the vicinity of each thermoelectric element. You may provide the map or relational expression which shows a relationship. In this case, the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group can be estimated more accurately.
  • a temperature detection device for detecting the temperature of a cell group includes: a first temperature measuring unit (first temperature measuring device) that measures a temperature of one of the plurality of battery cells or one of the plurality of battery cell groups; and the thermoelectric element. And a second temperature measuring means (second temperature measuring device) for measuring the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium supplied to the periphery of the.
  • the temperature detecting device includes a temperature of the battery cell or the battery cell group measured by the first temperature measuring unit, a temperature of the temperature adjusting medium measured by the second temperature measuring unit, and the thermoelectric element.
  • Temperature estimation means for estimating the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group not provided with the first temperature measurement means.
  • the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group provided with the first temperature measuring means is detected by measuring the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group using the first temperature measuring means. Done.
  • the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group not provided with the first temperature measuring means is detected by measuring the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group by the first temperature measuring means.
  • the individual temperatures of the battery cells or battery cell groups can be accurately obtained without providing temperature sensors for all battery cells or all battery cell groups.
  • the temperature estimation means includes a temperature of the temperature adjustment medium measured by the second temperature measurement means and a temperature of the temperature adjustment medium in the vicinity of each thermoelectric element. You may provide the map or relational expression which shows a relationship. In this case, the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group can be estimated more accurately.
  • the temperature detection apparatus may include first temperature measurement means for measuring the temperature of at least two of the plurality of battery cells or at least two of the plurality of battery cell groups. .
  • the number of the first temperature measuring means is smaller than the number of the battery cells or the number of the battery cell groups.
  • thermoelectric elements when the temperatures of a plurality of battery cells or a plurality of battery cell groups are individually adjusted using thermoelectric elements, it is not necessary to provide temperature sensors for all the battery cells or all the battery cell groups. Moreover, the temperature detection apparatus which can obtain
  • (A) is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the temperature detection apparatus of the 1st Embodiment of this invention
  • (b) is a schematic diagram which shows the connection structure of the thermoelectric conversion element and control apparatus in the temperature detection apparatus of (a).
  • the graph which shows the temperature relationship of the temperature adjustment medium in the vicinity of each thermoelectric conversion element in the temperature detection apparatus of Fig.1 (a).
  • the schematic diagram which shows the structure of the temperature detection apparatus of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.
  • the schematic diagram which shows the structure of the temperature detection apparatus of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention.
  • the schematic diagram which shows the structure of the temperature detection apparatus of the 4th Embodiment of this invention The graph which shows the relationship between the temperature of the secondary battery in the example of a change of this invention, and the thermoelectromotive force of a thermoelectric conversion element. Sectional drawing which shows the cooling structure of the battery module of a prior art.
  • FIG. 1 A first embodiment embodying the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 (a), 1 (b), and 2.
  • FIG. 1 A first embodiment embodying the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 (a), 1 (b), and 2.
  • FIG. 1 A first embodiment embodying the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 (a), 1 (b), and 2.
  • FIG. 1 A first embodiment embodying the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 (a), 1 (b), and 2.
  • the battery module 10 includes a plurality of secondary batteries 12 as battery cells housed in a battery housing portion 11.
  • the number of secondary batteries 12 is five.
  • the secondary batteries 12 are arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined interval.
  • the battery accommodating portion 11 is provided with a supply passage 13 used for supplying the temperature adjusting medium and a discharge passage 14 used for discharging the temperature adjusting medium.
  • Each secondary battery 12 is provided with a thermoelectric conversion element 15 such as a Peltier element as a thermoelectric element.
  • Each thermoelectric conversion element 15 has a first surface 15a and a second surface 15b, and depending on the polarity of energization to the thermoelectric conversion element 15, either the first surface 15a or the second surface 15b is used.
  • thermoelectric conversion element 15 is attached to each secondary battery 12 with the first surface 15 a in contact with the secondary battery 12.
  • Each thermoelectric conversion element 15 outputs a voltage signal corresponding to the thermoelectromotive force generated by the temperature difference between the first surface 15a and the second surface 15b. In the first embodiment, this voltage signal is used as a temperature estimation signal.
  • first temperature measuring means first temperature measuring devices
  • 16a and 16b for measuring the temperatures of the two secondary batteries 12, respectively.
  • the first temperature measuring means is applied to the secondary battery 12 labeled No. 1 in FIG. 1A disposed at the position farthest from the inlet of the temperature adjusting medium supply passage 13.
  • 16a is provided
  • the first temperature measuring means 16b is provided in the secondary battery 12 labeled No. 5 in FIG. 1 (a) disposed at the position closest to the inlet of the supply passage 13.
  • the supply passage 13 is provided with second temperature measuring means (second temperature measuring device) 17 for measuring the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium flowing in the supply passage 13.
  • the first temperature measuring means 16a, 16b and the second temperature measuring means 17 are all thermistors.
  • Measurement signals from both the first temperature measuring means 16a and 16b and the second temperature measuring means 17 are input to a control device 18 as temperature estimating means (temperature estimator).
  • a temperature estimation signal output from the thermoelectric conversion element 15 is also input to the control device 18.
  • the control device 18 includes a CPU and a memory (not shown).
  • thermoelectric conversion element 15 is connected to a DC power source 20 via a wiring 19 and a conduction direction switching device 21. It is connected to the.
  • the energization direction switching device 21 changes the connection state between each thermoelectric conversion element 15 and the DC power source 20, that is, the energization direction with respect to each thermoelectric conversion element 15, according to a control signal from the control device 18.
  • thermoelectric conversion element 15 has a state in which the first surface 15a functions as a heat absorption surface and the second surface 15b functions as a heat generation surface, and the first surface 15a functions as a heat generation surface and the second surface 15b.
  • the surface 15b is selectively switched between a state where it functions as an endothermic surface. Therefore, the control device 18 also functions as control means for controlling the energization direction switching device 21.
  • thermoelectric conversion element 15 is connected to the control device 18 via a switch 22. In a state where no voltage is applied to the thermoelectric conversion element 15 from the DC power supply 20, a temperature estimation signal from each thermoelectric conversion element 15 is input to the control device 18 via the switch 22.
  • the thermoelectric conversion element 15, the first temperature measurement means 16 a and 16 b, the second temperature measurement means 17, and the control device 18 constitute a temperature detection device that detects the temperature of each secondary battery 12.
  • an outside air introduction duct (not shown) for introducing outside air as a temperature adjusting medium into the battery housing portion 11 is connected to the inlet of the supply passage 13 and passes through the battery housing portion 11.
  • a discharge duct (not shown) for discharging the temperature adjusting medium from the battery housing 11 is connected to the outlet of the discharge passage 14.
  • the battery module 10 supplies electric power via wiring to an electric device (not shown) to which electric power is to be supplied.
  • the control device 18 receives the measurement signals from the first temperature measurement means 16a and 16b and the second temperature measurement means 17 and the temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric conversion element 15 at predetermined intervals.
  • the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium in the supply passage 13 measured by the second temperature measuring means 17 is not necessarily the same as the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium in the vicinity of each thermoelectric conversion element 15. Therefore, the control device 18 is provided in the temperatures of the two secondary batteries 12 of No. 1 and No. 5 measured by the first temperature measuring means 16 a and 16 b and the two secondary batteries 12.
  • the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium in the vicinity of the two thermoelectric conversion elements 15 is calculated from the temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric conversion elements 15, that is, the thermoelectromotive force of these thermoelectric conversion elements 15.
  • the control device 18 determines the secondary batteries 12 other than the two secondary batteries 12 from the calculated two temperature adjusting medium temperatures, more specifically, No. 2 in FIG.
  • the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium in the vicinity of the thermoelectric conversion elements 15 provided in the three secondary batteries 12 labeled No. 3 and No. 4 is calculated. This calculation is performed using, for example, a graph as shown in FIG. 2 showing the relationship between the positions of the two secondary batteries 12 and the two temperature adjusting medium temperatures calculated previously.
  • the control device 18 determines the three secondary outputs No. 2, No. 3, and No. 4 from the calculated three temperature adjusting medium temperatures and the temperature estimation signal from the corresponding thermoelectric conversion element 15.
  • the temperature of the battery 12 is calculated. As described above, by using the temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric conversion element 15, the temperature of all the secondary batteries 12 provided with the thermoelectric conversion elements 15 is reduced to a number smaller than the number of the secondary batteries 12.
  • the temperature measurement means 16a, 16b can be used for detection.
  • the control device 18 determines whether each secondary battery 12 should be heated or cooled based on the battery temperature of each secondary battery 12 thus detected, and controls the energization direction switching device 21.
  • the battery module 10 is rapidly charged or rapidly discharged, the amount of heat generated by the secondary battery 12 increases.
  • the first surface 15a of the thermoelectric conversion element 15 provided in the secondary battery 12 becomes an endothermic surface.
  • a current having a certain polarity is applied from the DC power source 20 to the thermoelectric conversion element 15.
  • the environmental temperature is low enough to hinder the driving of the secondary battery 12 such as in a cold region or at a low temperature in winter, the secondary battery 12 needs to be heated.
  • the first surface 15a of the thermoelectric conversion element 15 provided in the secondary battery 12 is a heat generation surface.
  • the energization with such polarity is performed from the DC power source 20 to the thermoelectric conversion element 15.
  • the energization of the thermoelectric conversion element 15 provided in the secondary battery 12 is not performed. Further, when the temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric conversion element 15 is input to the control device, the thermoelectric conversion element 15 is not energized.
  • the temperature adjusting medium contributes to cooling or heating of the secondary battery 12, but the main purpose of use is to contact the second surface 15 b of the thermoelectric conversion element 15 to cool or heat the second surface 15 b.
  • the efficiency of the endothermic action or the exothermic action of the first surface 15a of the thermoelectric conversion element 15 is improved. That is, the temperature adjustment of the secondary battery 12 is performed mainly by the action of the thermoelectric conversion element 15.
  • the temperature detection device of the first embodiment is configured to detect the temperatures of some secondary batteries 12 in order to detect individual temperatures of the plurality of secondary batteries 12 each provided with the thermoelectric conversion element 15.
  • First temperature measuring means 16a, 16b and temperature estimating means are provided.
  • the control device 18 uses the first temperature measuring means 16a, 16b based on the battery temperature of some of the secondary batteries 12 measured by the first temperature measuring means 16a, 16b and the temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric conversion element 15.
  • the temperature of the secondary battery 12 in which 16b is not provided is estimated. Therefore, when the temperatures of the plurality of secondary batteries 12 are individually adjusted using the thermoelectric conversion elements 15, the individual temperatures of the secondary batteries 12 can be provided without providing temperature sensors for all the secondary batteries 12. Can be obtained with high accuracy.
  • thermoelectric conversion element 15 In the thermoelectric conversion element 15, one of the first surface 15 a and the second surface 15 b functions as a heat generation surface and the other is a heat absorption surface, depending on the polarity of energization to the thermoelectric conversion element 15. Function as. Therefore, the thermoelectric conversion element 15 can be used for cooling and heating the secondary battery 12 by switching the direction of energization to the thermoelectric conversion element 15. Further, since the thermoelectric conversion element 15 outputs a voltage signal corresponding to the thermoelectromotive force generated by the temperature difference between the first surface 15a and the second surface 15b, the voltage signal should be used as a temperature estimation signal. Thus, the temperature of the secondary battery 12 in which the first temperature measuring means 16a, 16b are not provided can be estimated from the temperature of a part of the secondary batteries 12 measured by the first temperature measuring means.
  • the number of the first temperature measuring means 16a, 16b is plural and less than the number of the secondary batteries 12. Therefore, the relationship between the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium measured by the second temperature measuring means 17 and the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium in the vicinity of the secondary battery 12 where the first temperature measuring means 16a and 16b are not provided.
  • the temperature of the secondary battery 12 that is not provided with the first temperature measuring means 16a, 16b can be estimated with high accuracy without preparing a map or a relational expression in advance.
  • the number of the first temperature measuring means 16a and 16b is two, which is the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium in the vicinity of the secondary battery 12 where the first temperature measuring means 16a and 16b are not provided. And the temperature of the secondary battery 12 can be accurately estimated without preparing a map or relational expression showing the relationship between the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium measured by the second temperature measuring means 17 in advance. Is the number of
  • the temperature detection apparatus according to the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the first temperature measurement unit 16a is provided only in one of the secondary batteries 12. Further, part of the software of the control device 18 is also different from that of the first embodiment. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium measured by the second temperature measurement means 17 and the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium in the vicinity of the thermoelectric conversion element 15 provided in each secondary battery 12 are stored.
  • a map or a relational expression indicating the relationship with the is stored.
  • the map or the relational expression is created based on the measurement result by measuring the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium flowing in the supply passage 13 and the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium in the vicinity of each thermoelectric conversion element 15 by a preliminary test. can do.
  • the control device 18 calculates the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium in the vicinity of each thermoelectric conversion element 15 from the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium measured by the second temperature measurement means 17 using a map or a relational expression.
  • the control device 18 determines the temperature of the secondary battery 12 provided with the first temperature measuring means 16a temporarily estimated as described above, and the temperature of the same secondary battery 12 by the first temperature measuring means 16a. Based on the actually measured value, the temporary estimated temperature of the secondary battery 12 in which the first temperature measuring means 16a is not provided is corrected. For example, when the measured temperature of the secondary battery 12 is higher than the temporary estimated temperature of the same secondary battery 12, this correction is performed by adding the difference to the temporary estimated temperature of each secondary battery 12. When the measured temperature of the secondary battery 12 is lower than the temporary estimated temperature of the same secondary battery 12, the difference is subtracted from the temporary estimated temperature of each secondary battery 12.
  • the temperature estimation means (the control device 18) of the temperature detection device of the second embodiment is configured so that the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium measured by the second temperature measurement means 17 and the vicinity of each thermoelectric conversion element 15 are A map or relational expression showing the relationship with the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium is provided. Therefore, even if only one secondary battery 12 is provided with the first temperature measuring means, the temperatures of the other secondary batteries 12 can be accurately estimated.
  • the temperature detection device of the third embodiment is for detecting the temperature of each battery cell group of a plurality of battery cell groups each provided with a thermoelectric element. It is different from the embodiment.
  • the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • Each battery cell group 30 includes a plurality of secondary batteries 12 accommodated in a holder 31.
  • the number of secondary batteries 12 included in the battery cell group 30 is the same.
  • the battery cell group 30 is arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval.
  • Each holder 31 is provided with a thermoelectric conversion element 15.
  • Each thermoelectric conversion element 15 is attached to each holder 31 with the first surface 15 a in contact with the outer surface of the holder 31, and is used for cooling or heating the secondary battery 12 in the holder 31.
  • the thermoelectric conversion element 15 outputs a voltage signal corresponding to the thermoelectromotive force generated by the temperature difference between the battery cell group 30 and the temperature adjusting medium. Also in the third embodiment, this voltage signal is used as a temperature estimation signal.
  • first temperature measuring means first temperature measuring devices
  • the first temperature measuring means 32a and 32b are both thermistors.
  • the first temperature measuring means 32a is provided in the leftmost battery cell group 30 in FIG. 4, and the first temperature measuring means 32b is provided in the rightmost battery cell group 30 in FIG.
  • Measurement signals from both the first temperature measuring means 32 a and 32 b and the second temperature measuring means 17 are input to the control device 18.
  • a temperature estimation signal output from the thermoelectric conversion element 15 is also input to the control device 18.
  • the control device 18 receives the measurement signals from the first temperature measurement means 32 a and 32 b and the second temperature measurement means 17 and the temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric conversion element 15 in a predetermined cycle.
  • the control device 18 includes the temperature of the two battery cell groups 30 measured by the first temperature measuring means 32a and 32b, and the temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric conversion element 15 provided in the two battery cell groups 30.
  • the control device 18 calculates the temperature of each battery cell group 30 in the same manner as the temperature of each secondary battery 12 is calculated in the first embodiment. In FIG. 4, the lines of the signals input to the control device 18 are not shown.
  • the third embodiment it is the same as the case where “secondary battery 12” in (1) to (4) described above as the effect of the first embodiment is replaced with “battery cell group 30”. An effect can be obtained.
  • the fourth embodiment is not a thermoelectric conversion element as a thermoelectric element, but serves to heat the secondary battery 12, and a heating resistor element having a thermistor function is used, and the secondary battery 12 is cooled.
  • This is largely different from the first embodiment in that the temperature adjustment medium is used.
  • the method of calculating the temperature of the secondary battery 12 in which the first temperature measuring means 16a is not provided by the control device 18 and the method of adjusting the temperature of the secondary battery 12 are also different.
  • the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the heating resistor element having the thermistor function means a heating resistor element that can easily detect a change in resistance value corresponding to temperature when a predetermined current is passed through the heating resistor element.
  • each secondary battery 12 is provided with a heating resistance element 25.
  • Each heating resistance element 25 is connected to the power supply device 26 via a wiring (not shown).
  • the power supply device 26 is configured to be able to change the amount of current supplied to each heating resistor element 25. Compared to the amount of current supplied from the power supply device 26 to the heating resistor element 25 when the secondary battery 12 is heated by the heating resistor element 25, the heating resistor element from the power supply device 26 when used as the thermistor. The amount of current supplied to 25 is small.
  • the power supply device 26 detects a resistance value signal of each heating resistance element 25 when using each heating resistance element 25 as a thermistor, and outputs the signal to the control device 18. That is, the control device 18 receives a resistance value signal from the heating resistor element 25 via the power supply device 26 and uses it as a temperature estimation signal.
  • the control device 18 supplies a predetermined current to the heating resistor element 25 via the power supply device 26.
  • the secondary battery 12 is heated by supplying.
  • the control device 18 receives the measurement signals from the first temperature measurement unit 16a and the second temperature measurement unit 17 and the temperature estimation signal from the heating resistor element 25 in a predetermined cycle.
  • the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium measured by the second temperature measurement means 17 and the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium in the vicinity of the heating resistor element 25 provided in each secondary battery 12 are stored.
  • a map or a relational expression indicating the relationship with the is stored.
  • the map or the relational expression is created based on the measurement result by measuring the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium flowing in the supply passage 13 and the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium in the vicinity of each heating resistance element 25 by a preliminary test. can do.
  • the control device 18 calculates the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium in the vicinity of each heating resistance element 25 from the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium measured by the second temperature measurement means 17 using a map or a relational expression, From the calculated temperature and the temperature estimation signal from each heating resistance element 25, the temperature of each secondary battery 12 is temporarily estimated. Further, the control device 18 determines the temperature of the secondary battery 12 provided with the first temperature measuring means 16a temporarily estimated as described above, and the temperature of the same secondary battery 12 by the first temperature measuring means 16a.
  • the temporary estimated temperature of the secondary battery 12 in which the first temperature measuring means 16a is not provided is corrected. For example, when the measured temperature of the secondary battery 12 is higher than the temporary estimated temperature of the same secondary battery 12, this correction is performed by adding the difference to the temporary estimated temperature of each secondary battery 12. When the measured temperature of the secondary battery 12 is lower than the temporary estimated temperature of the same secondary battery 12, the difference is subtracted from the temporary estimated temperature of each secondary battery 12. Also in FIG. 5, the lines of the signals input to the control device 18 are not shown.
  • the temperatures of the plurality of secondary batteries 12 are individually adjusted using the heating resistor elements 25, it is not necessary to provide temperature sensors for all the secondary batteries 12, respectively.
  • the individual temperatures of the secondary battery 12 can be obtained with high accuracy.
  • the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and may be embodied as follows, for example.
  • the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium in the vicinity of each secondary battery 12 is in a different state.
  • the temperature adjustment medium may have a constant temperature.
  • the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium in the vicinity of each secondary battery 12 is the same as the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium measured by the second temperature measurement means 17.
  • the temperatures of the two secondary batteries 12 of No. 1 and No. 5 measured by the first temperature measuring means 16a and 16b and the No. 2 of the secondary batteries 12 are provided.
  • thermoelectromotive force An estimation formula indicating the relationship between the temperature of the secondary battery 12 and the thermoelectromotive force of the thermoelectric conversion element 15 is obtained from the temperature estimation signal (thermoelectromotive force) output from the thermoelectric conversion element 15.
  • the estimation formula is obtained from the data of the two secondary batteries 12 of No. 1 and No. 5, and thus becomes a straight line shown in FIG.
  • the thermoelectromotive force of each thermoelectric conversion element 15 is calculated
  • the thermoelectromotive force And the temperature of the secondary batteries 12 of No. 2, No. 3, and No. 4 are calculated from the estimation formula.
  • the first temperature The temperature of the temperature adjusting medium in the vicinity of the secondary battery 12 where the measuring means 16a, 16b is not provided is the two temperatures No. 1 and No. 5 provided with the first temperature measuring means 16a, 16b. You may calculate as an average value of the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium in the vicinity of the secondary battery 12. The same applies to the case of the third embodiment in which the temperature of the battery cell group 30 in which the first temperature measuring means 32a and 32b are not provided is estimated from the measured temperatures of the two first temperature measuring means 32a and 32b.
  • the first temperature measuring means 16a and 16b are not limited to the No. 1 and No. 5 secondary batteries 12, but may be provided in any two secondary batteries 12. .
  • the first temperature measuring means 32a and 32b are not limited to the leftmost battery cell group 30 and the rightmost battery cell group 30 in FIG. It may be provided.
  • Three or more first temperature measuring means may be provided.
  • the temperature of the secondary battery 12 or the battery cell group 30 can be estimated without preparing a map or a relational expression indicating the relationship with the temperature in advance.
  • the number of secondary batteries 12 or battery cell groups 30 in each embodiment is an example, and a larger number may be used.
  • the number of secondary batteries 12 included in each battery cell group 30 may be different depending on the battery cell group 30.
  • the temperature adjusting medium is not limited to air, but may be other gas or liquid.
  • a liquid is used as the temperature adjusting medium, it is necessary to use a nonconductive liquid in order to prevent the terminals of the secondary battery 12 and the wirings from being short-circuited.
  • the temperature adjustment medium discharged through the discharge passage 14 may be introduced into the battery accommodating portion 11 again through the supply passage 13 to circulate and use the temperature adjustment medium.
  • a medium drive unit such as a fan or a pump and a heat exchanger such as a radiator in the middle of the circulation path.
  • thermoelectric conversion elements 15 or heating resistance elements 25 may be provided in each battery cell group 30 as thermoelectric elements.
  • a plurality of thermoelectric elements provided in each battery cell group 30 may be used.
  • a temperature estimation signal may be input to the control device 18 from only one thermoelectric element among the plurality of thermoelectric elements provided in each battery cell group 30.
  • each battery cell group 30 may be provided with a heating resistance element 25 as a thermoelectric element instead of the thermoelectric conversion element 15.
  • the secondary battery 12 is not limited to a square battery, and may be a cylindrical battery or a laminate battery.
  • the shape of the battery housing part 11 is not particularly limited. Further, the secondary batteries 12 or the battery cell groups 30 in the battery accommodating portion 11 may be arranged in a manner other than being arranged in a row in a state of being parallel to each other.
  • the temperature detection device of each embodiment may omit the first temperature measurement means for measuring the temperature of the secondary battery 12 or the battery cell group 30 when the required detection accuracy is low.
  • the control device 18 determines the secondary battery 12 or the battery cell group 30 from the temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric conversion element 15 and the temperature measurement signal of the temperature adjustment medium measured by the second temperature measurement means 17. Estimate the temperature.
  • the controller 18 represents a map or a relational expression indicating the relationship between the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium near each thermoelectric conversion element 15 and the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium measured by the second temperature measuring means 17.
  • the control device 18 estimates the temperature of each secondary battery 12 or each battery cell group 30 using the map or the relational expression.

Abstract

A temperature detection device that detects the temperature of individual battery cells (12) in a plurality of battery cells (12) having a thermoelectric element (15) disposed in each, comprises first temperature measurement means (16a, 16b) that measure the temperature of at least two battery cells among the plurality of battery cells (12). The temperature detection device also comprises a control device (18) that estimates the temperature of battery cells (12) that do not have the first temperature measurement means (16a, 16b) disposed therein, using the temperatures of the battery cells (12) measured using the first temperature measurement means (16a, 16b) and a temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric elements (15).

Description

温度検出装置Temperature detection device
　本発明は、温度検出装置に係り、詳しくは、熱電素子がそれぞれに設けられている複数の電池セルの個々の電池セルの温度又は熱電素子がそれぞれに設けられている複数の電池セル群の個々の電池セル群の温度を検出するのに適した温度検出装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a temperature detection device, and more specifically, the temperature of each battery cell of a plurality of battery cells each provided with a thermoelectric element or each of a plurality of battery cell groups each provided with a thermoelectric element. The present invention relates to a temperature detection apparatus suitable for detecting the temperature of the battery cell group.
　近年、大電流での二次電池の充電及び放電や、二次電池の大容量化が要求されるようになっている。しかし、大電流での充電及び放電は二次電池内部で大きな発熱を伴うため、二次電池の温度が上昇する。また、限られたスペースに多数の二次電池を収容した場合にも、二次電池の温度は上昇する。このような温度の上昇は、二次電池の性能の劣化を促進してしまうという問題がある。また、二次電池の中には環境温度が低いと放電性能が低下するものもある。そのため、冬季等の低温環境下においては、特に起動時に二次電池の予熱が必要な場合がある。 In recent years, charging and discharging of secondary batteries with a large current and an increase in capacity of secondary batteries have been required. However, charging and discharging with a large current accompany large heat generation inside the secondary battery, so that the temperature of the secondary battery rises. Also, when a large number of secondary batteries are accommodated in a limited space, the temperature of the secondary battery rises. Such a rise in temperature has a problem of promoting the deterioration of the performance of the secondary battery. In addition, some secondary batteries have low discharge performance when the environmental temperature is low. For this reason, preheating of the secondary battery may be necessary particularly at the start-up in a low temperature environment such as winter.
　特許文献１には、二次電池である複数の単電池を直列接続してそれぞれ形成された複数の電池モジュールを備える電池電源装置が開示されている。図７に示すように、特許文献１の電池電源装置において電池モジュール５２は、横３列、縦７列に配置された状態で外装ケース５０内の電池ホルダ５１に収容されている。送風機５３は電池モジュール５２の冷却に使用される。送風機５３により空気取り入れ口５４から取り入れられた空気は、図７中の下方から電池ホルダ５１内に供給される。中央の縦の列にある７つの電池モジュール５２のうち下から１番目と３番目と５番目の電池モジュール５２にはそれぞれブロック温度センサ５５ａ、５５ｂ、５５ｃ、５５ｄが取り付けられている。特許文献１には、ブロック温度センサが取り付けられていない残りの電池モジュール５２の温度は、ブロック温度センサ５５ａ～５５ｄで計測される４つの電池モジュール５２の温度から推定が可能であることが記載されている。具体的には、中央縦の列の下から２番目と４番目と６番目の電池モジュール５２の温度は、その電池モジュール５２の上下に位置する２つの電池モジュール５２に取り付けられたブロック温度センサ５５ａ～５５ｄによる計測温度から演算して又はそれら計測温度の中間値として推定される。また、左右の縦の列にある電池モジュール５２の温度は、その電池モジュール５２の隣りに位置する中央縦の列の電池モジュール５２の温度とほぼ同じ温度として推定される。 Patent Document 1 discloses a battery power supply device including a plurality of battery modules formed by connecting a plurality of single cells as secondary batteries in series. As shown in FIG. 7, in the battery power supply device of Patent Document 1, the battery modules 52 are accommodated in the battery holder 51 in the outer case 50 in a state of being arranged in three horizontal rows and seven vertical rows. The blower 53 is used for cooling the battery module 52. The air taken in from the air intake port 54 by the blower 53 is supplied into the battery holder 51 from below in FIG. Block temperature sensors 55a, 55b, 55c, and 55d are respectively attached to the first, third, and fifth battery modules 52 from the bottom among the seven battery modules 52 in the central vertical row. Patent Document 1 describes that the temperature of the remaining battery modules 52 to which no block temperature sensor is attached can be estimated from the temperatures of the four battery modules 52 measured by the block temperature sensors 55a to 55d. ing. Specifically, the temperatures of the second, fourth, and sixth battery modules 52 from the bottom of the central vertical column are the block temperature sensors 55a attached to the two battery modules 52 positioned above and below the battery module 52, respectively. It is calculated from the measured temperatures of ~ 55d or estimated as an intermediate value of these measured temperatures. In addition, the temperature of the battery modules 52 in the left and right vertical columns is estimated as substantially the same temperature as the temperature of the battery modules 52 in the central vertical row located adjacent to the battery modules 52.
特開２００４－６４１４号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-6414
　複数の二次電池の温度調整を行う場合、各二次電池にペルチェ素子のような熱電素子を設けることがある。この場合、熱電素子への通電の方向を切り換えることで各二次電池を冷却したり加熱したりすることができる。このようにして熱電素子による二次電池の温度調整を適切に行うためには、二次電池の個々の温度を精度良く検出することができる装置が望まれる。しかし、すべての二次電池にそれぞれ温度センサを設けたのでは、配線の数が多くなり、コスト増及び組付け工数増となる。 When adjusting the temperature of a plurality of secondary batteries, a thermoelectric element such as a Peltier element may be provided for each secondary battery. In this case, each secondary battery can be cooled or heated by switching the direction of energization to the thermoelectric element. Thus, in order to appropriately adjust the temperature of the secondary battery by the thermoelectric element, an apparatus that can accurately detect the individual temperature of the secondary battery is desired. However, if each secondary battery is provided with a temperature sensor, the number of wires increases, resulting in an increase in cost and assembly man-hours.
　すべての二次電池にそれぞれ温度センサを設けなくても、特許文献１に記載されているように、温度センサが設けられていない二次電池の温度を温度センサが設けられている二次電池の温度から推定するようにすれば、配線数の増加や組付け工数の増大を防ぐことが可能である。しかし、各二次電池に熱電素子が設けられている場合、熱電素子による冷却又は加熱の条件がすべての二次電池で同じとは限らないため、温度センサが設けられていない二次電池の温度を温度センサで計測される別の二次電池の温度から単純に推定したのでは推定精度が悪くなる。 Even if each secondary battery is not provided with a temperature sensor, as described in Patent Document 1, the temperature of the secondary battery provided with the temperature sensor is set to the temperature of the secondary battery provided with no temperature sensor. By estimating from the temperature, it is possible to prevent an increase in the number of wirings and an increase in assembly man-hours. However, when each secondary battery is provided with a thermoelectric element, the cooling or heating conditions by the thermoelectric element are not necessarily the same for all secondary batteries. Is simply estimated from the temperature of another secondary battery measured by the temperature sensor, the estimation accuracy is deteriorated.
　そこで本発明の目的は、複数の電池セル又は複数の電池セル群の温度を、熱電素子を用いて個別に調整する場合に、すべての電池セル又はすべての電池セル群にそれぞれ温度センサを設けなくても、電池セル又は電池セル群の個々の温度を精度良く求めることができる温度検出装置を提供することにある。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide temperature sensors for all battery cells or all battery cell groups when the temperatures of a plurality of battery cells or a plurality of battery cell groups are individually adjusted using thermoelectric elements. However, it is providing the temperature detection apparatus which can obtain | require the individual temperature of a battery cell or a battery cell group accurately.
　前記の目的を達成するため、本発明の第１の態様によれば、熱電素子がそれぞれに設けられている複数の電池セルの個々の電池セルの温度又は熱電素子がそれぞれに設けられている複数の電池セル群の個々の電池セル群の温度を検出する温度検出装置を提供する。温度検出装置は、前記複数の電池セルのうちの少なくとも２つ又は前記複数の電池セル群のうちの少なくとも２つの温度を計測する第１の温度計測手段（第１の温度計測器）を備えている。また、温度検出装置は、前記第１の温度計測手段で計測される電池セル又は電池セル群の温度と、前記熱電素子からの温度推定信号とにより、前記第１の温度計測手段が設けられていない電池セル又は電池セル群の温度を推定する温度推定手段（温度推定部）も備えている。ここで、「熱電素子」とは、ペルチェ素子のような熱電変換素子だけでなく、電流を流すことにより発熱する素子も意味する。また、「熱電素子からの温度推定信号」とは、熱電素子が熱電変換素子である場合は、温度差が与えられることによって熱電変換素子に生じる熱起電力に対応した電圧信号を意味し、熱電素子が電流を流すことにより発熱する素子である場合は、所定電流を素子に流した際に検出可能な抵抗値信号を意味する。 In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the temperature of each battery cell of a plurality of battery cells each provided with a thermoelectric element or a plurality of thermoelectric elements provided respectively. A temperature detection device for detecting the temperature of each battery cell group of the battery cell group is provided. The temperature detecting device includes first temperature measuring means (first temperature measuring device) for measuring temperatures of at least two of the plurality of battery cells or at least two of the plurality of battery cell groups. Yes. Further, the temperature detecting device is provided with the first temperature measuring means based on the temperature of the battery cell or the battery cell group measured by the first temperature measuring means and the temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric element. There is also provided a temperature estimation means (temperature estimation unit) for estimating the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group. Here, the “thermoelectric element” means not only a thermoelectric conversion element such as a Peltier element, but also an element that generates heat when a current flows. The “temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric element” means a voltage signal corresponding to the thermoelectromotive force generated in the thermoelectric conversion element when a temperature difference is given when the thermoelectric element is a thermoelectric conversion element. When the element is an element that generates heat when a current is passed, it means a resistance value signal that can be detected when a predetermined current is passed through the element.
　この構成によれば、第１の温度計測手段が設けられている電池セル又は電池セル群の温度の検出は、その電池セル又は電池セル群の温度を第１の温度計測手段により計測することで行われる。また、第１の温度計測手段が設けられていない電池セル又は電池セル群の温度の検出は、その電池セル又は電池セル群の温度を、第１の温度計測手段で計測される電池セル又は電池セル群の温度と熱電素子からの温度推定信号とから温度推定手段により推定することで行われる。したがって、熱電素子が設けられているすべての電池セル又は電池セル群の温度を、電池セルの数又は電池セル群の数よりも少ない数の第１の温度計測手段を用いて検出することができる。また、温度推定信号を利用することにより、すべての電池セル又はすべての電池セル群にそれぞれ温度センサを設けなくても、電池セル又は電池セル群の個々の温度を精度良く求めることができる。 According to this configuration, the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group provided with the first temperature measuring means is detected by measuring the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group using the first temperature measuring means. Done. The temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group not provided with the first temperature measuring means is detected by measuring the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group by the first temperature measuring means. This is performed by estimating the temperature of the cell group and the temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric element by the temperature estimation means. Therefore, the temperature of all the battery cells or battery cell groups provided with the thermoelectric elements can be detected using the first temperature measurement means having a number smaller than the number of battery cells or the number of battery cell groups. . Further, by using the temperature estimation signal, the individual temperatures of the battery cells or battery cell groups can be accurately obtained without providing temperature sensors for all battery cells or all battery cell groups.
　上記第１の態様の温度検出装置において、前記熱電素子は例えば熱電変換素子である。熱電変換素子はそれぞれ第１の面及び第２の面を有しており、熱電変換素子への通電の極性に応じて、第１の面及び第２の面うちのいずれか一方が発熱面として機能し、他方が吸熱面として機能するものである。また、熱電変換素子は、第１の面と第２の面の温度差に対応した電圧信号を前記温度推定信号として出力する。この場合、第１の温度計測手段が設けられていない電池セル又は電池セル群の温度の検出は、その電池セル又は電池セル群の温度を、第１の温度計測手段で計測される電池セル又は電池セル群の温度と熱電変換素子から出力される電圧信号とから温度推定手段により推定することで行われる。 In the temperature detection device according to the first aspect, the thermoelectric element is, for example, a thermoelectric conversion element. Each of the thermoelectric conversion elements has a first surface and a second surface, and one of the first surface and the second surface serves as a heat generation surface, depending on the polarity of energization to the thermoelectric conversion element. The other functions as an endothermic surface. The thermoelectric conversion element outputs a voltage signal corresponding to the temperature difference between the first surface and the second surface as the temperature estimation signal. In this case, the detection of the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group not provided with the first temperature measurement means is performed by detecting the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group by the first temperature measurement means. This is performed by estimating the temperature of the battery cell group and the voltage signal output from the thermoelectric conversion element by the temperature estimation means.
　上記第１の態様の温度検出装置において、前記熱電素子は、例えば、前記電池セル又は前記電池セル群を加熱する役割を果たし、かつサーミスタ機能を有する発熱抵抗素子である。この場合、第１の温度計測手段が設けられていない電池セル又は電池セル群の温度の検出は、その電池セル又は電池セル群の温度を、第１の温度計測手段で計測される電池セル又は電池セル群の温度と発熱抵抗素子からの抵抗値信号とから温度推定手段により推定することで行われる。 In the temperature detection device according to the first aspect, the thermoelectric element is, for example, a heating resistor element that plays a role of heating the battery cell or the battery cell group and has a thermistor function. In this case, the detection of the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group not provided with the first temperature measurement means is performed by detecting the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group by the first temperature measurement means. This is performed by estimating the temperature of the battery cell group and the resistance value signal from the heating resistance element by the temperature estimation means.
　本発明の第２の態様によれば、熱電素子がそれぞれに設けられている複数の電池セルの個々の電池セルの温度又は熱電素子がそれぞれに設けられている複数の電池セル群の個々の電池セル群の温度を検出する温度検出装置を提供する。温度検出装置は、前記熱電素子の周囲に供給される温度調整用媒体の温度を計測する第２の温度計測手段（第２の温度計測器）を備えている。また、温度検出装置は、前記第２の温度計測手段で計測される温度調整用媒体の温度と、前記熱電素子からの温度推定信号とにより、前記電池セル又は前記電池セル群の温度を推定する温度推定手段（温度推定器）も備えている。この構成によれば、電池セル又は電池セル群の温度の検出は、その電池セル又は電池セル群の温度を、第２の温度計測手段で計測される温度調整用媒体の温度と熱電素子からの温度推定信号とから温度推定手段により推定することで行われる。この場合も、すべての電池セル又はすべての電池セル群にそれぞれ温度センサを設けなくても、電池セル又は電池セル群の個々の温度を精度良く求めることができる。 According to the second aspect of the present invention, the temperature of the individual battery cells of the plurality of battery cells provided with the thermoelectric elements or the individual batteries of the plurality of battery cell groups provided with the thermoelectric elements respectively. A temperature detection device for detecting the temperature of a cell group is provided. The temperature detecting device includes a second temperature measuring means (second temperature measuring device) for measuring the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium supplied around the thermoelectric element. The temperature detection device estimates the temperature of the battery cell or the battery cell group based on the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium measured by the second temperature measuring unit and the temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric element. Temperature estimation means (temperature estimator) is also provided. According to this configuration, the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group is detected by detecting the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group from the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium measured by the second temperature measuring means and the thermoelectric element. This is performed by estimating the temperature estimation signal from the temperature estimation signal. In this case as well, the individual temperatures of the battery cells or battery cell groups can be accurately obtained without providing temperature sensors for all battery cells or all battery cell groups.
　上記第２の態様の温度検出装置において、前記温度推定手段は、前記第２の温度計測手段で計測される温度調整用媒体の温度と、各熱電素子の近傍の温度調整用媒体の温度との関係を示すマップ又は関係式を備えてもよい。この場合、電池セル又は電池セル群の温度の推定をより精度良く行うことができる。 In the temperature detection device according to the second aspect, the temperature estimation means includes a temperature of the temperature adjustment medium measured by the second temperature measurement means and a temperature of the temperature adjustment medium in the vicinity of each thermoelectric element. You may provide the map or relational expression which shows a relationship. In this case, the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group can be estimated more accurately.
　本発明の第３の態様によれば、熱電素子がそれぞれに設けられている複数の電池セルの個々の電池セルの温度又は熱電素子がそれぞれに設けられている複数の電池セル群の個々の電池セル群の温度を検出する温度検出装置を提供する。温度検出装置は、前記複数の電池セルのうちの１つ又は前記複数の電池セル群のうちの１つの温度を計測する第１の温度計測手段（第１の温度計測器）と、前記熱電素子の周囲に供給される温度調整用媒体の温度を計測する第２の温度計測手段（第２の温度計測器）とを備えている。また、温度検出装置は、前記第１の温度計測手段で計測される電池セル又は電池セル群の温度と、前記第２の温度計測手段で計測される温度調整用媒体の温度と、前記熱電素子からの温度推定信号とにより、前記第１の温度計測手段が設けられていない電池セル又は電池セル群の温度を推定する温度推定手段（温度推定器）も備えている。この構成によれば、第１の温度計測手段が設けられている電池セル又は電池セル群の温度の検出は、その電池セル又は電池セル群の温度を第１の温度計測手段により計測することで行われる。また、第１の温度計測手段が設けられていない電池セル又は電池セル群の温度の検出は、その電池セル又は電池セル群の温度を、第１の温度計測手段で計測される電池セル又は電池セル群の温度と、第２の温度計測手段で計測される温度調整用媒体の温度と、熱電素子からの温度推定信号とから温度推定手段により推定することで行われる。この場合も、すべての電池セル又はすべての電池セル群にそれぞれ温度センサを設けなくても、電池セル又は電池セル群の個々の温度を精度良く求めることができる。 According to the third aspect of the present invention, the temperature of the individual battery cells of the plurality of battery cells provided with the thermoelectric elements or the individual batteries of the plurality of battery cell groups provided with the thermoelectric elements respectively. A temperature detection device for detecting the temperature of a cell group is provided. The temperature detecting device includes: a first temperature measuring unit (first temperature measuring device) that measures a temperature of one of the plurality of battery cells or one of the plurality of battery cell groups; and the thermoelectric element. And a second temperature measuring means (second temperature measuring device) for measuring the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium supplied to the periphery of the. Further, the temperature detecting device includes a temperature of the battery cell or the battery cell group measured by the first temperature measuring unit, a temperature of the temperature adjusting medium measured by the second temperature measuring unit, and the thermoelectric element. Temperature estimation means (temperature estimator) for estimating the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group not provided with the first temperature measurement means. According to this configuration, the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group provided with the first temperature measuring means is detected by measuring the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group using the first temperature measuring means. Done. The temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group not provided with the first temperature measuring means is detected by measuring the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group by the first temperature measuring means. This is performed by estimating the temperature of the cell group, the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium measured by the second temperature measuring means, and the temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric element by the temperature estimating means. In this case as well, the individual temperatures of the battery cells or battery cell groups can be accurately obtained without providing temperature sensors for all battery cells or all battery cell groups.
　上記第３の態様の温度検出装置において、前記温度推定手段は、前記第２の温度計測手段で計測される温度調整用媒体の温度と、各熱電素子の近傍の温度調整用媒体の温度との関係を示すマップ又は関係式を備えてもよい。この場合、電池セル又は電池セル群の温度の推定をより精度良く行うことができる。 In the temperature detection apparatus according to the third aspect, the temperature estimation means includes a temperature of the temperature adjustment medium measured by the second temperature measurement means and a temperature of the temperature adjustment medium in the vicinity of each thermoelectric element. You may provide the map or relational expression which shows a relationship. In this case, the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group can be estimated more accurately.
　上記第３の態様の温度検出装置は、前記複数の電池セルのうちの少なくとも２つ又は前記複数の電池セル群のうちの少なくとも２つの温度を計測する第１の温度計測手段を備えてもよい。ただし、第１の温度計測手段の数は、前記電池セルの数又は前記電池セル群の数よりも少ない。この場合、第２の温度計測手段で計測される温度調整用媒体の温度と第１の温度計測手段が設けられていない電池セル又は電池セル群の近傍の温度調整用媒体の温度との関係を示すマップや関係式を予め用意しなくても、第１の温度計測手段が設けられていない電池セル又は電池セル群の温度の推定を精度良く行うことができる。 The temperature detection apparatus according to the third aspect may include first temperature measurement means for measuring the temperature of at least two of the plurality of battery cells or at least two of the plurality of battery cell groups. . However, the number of the first temperature measuring means is smaller than the number of the battery cells or the number of the battery cell groups. In this case, the relationship between the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium measured by the second temperature measurement means and the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium in the vicinity of the battery cell or the battery cell group where the first temperature measurement means is not provided. Even if a map or a relational expression to be shown is not prepared in advance, the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group not provided with the first temperature measuring means can be estimated with high accuracy.
　本発明によれば、複数の電池セル又は複数の電池セル群の温度を、熱電素子を用いて個別に調整する場合に、すべての電池セル又はすべての電池セル群にそれぞれ温度センサを設けなくても、電池セル又は電池セル群の個々の温度を精度良く求めることができる温度検出装置を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, when the temperatures of a plurality of battery cells or a plurality of battery cell groups are individually adjusted using thermoelectric elements, it is not necessary to provide temperature sensors for all the battery cells or all the battery cell groups. Moreover, the temperature detection apparatus which can obtain | require the individual temperature of a battery cell or a battery cell group accurately can be provided.
（ａ）は本発明の第１の実施形態の温度検出装置の構成を示す模式図、（ｂ）は（ａ）の温度検出装置における熱電変換素子と制御装置との接続構成を示す模式図。(A) is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the temperature detection apparatus of the 1st Embodiment of this invention, (b) is a schematic diagram which shows the connection structure of the thermoelectric conversion element and control apparatus in the temperature detection apparatus of (a). 図１（ａ）の温度検出装置における各熱電変換素子の近傍の温度調整用媒体の温度の関係を示すグラフ。The graph which shows the temperature relationship of the temperature adjustment medium in the vicinity of each thermoelectric conversion element in the temperature detection apparatus of Fig.1 (a). 本発明の第２の実施形態の温度検出装置の構成を示す模式図。The schematic diagram which shows the structure of the temperature detection apparatus of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第３の実施形態の温度検出装置の構成を示す模式図。The schematic diagram which shows the structure of the temperature detection apparatus of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第４の実施形態の温度検出装置の構成を示す模式図。The schematic diagram which shows the structure of the temperature detection apparatus of the 4th Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の変更例における二次電池の温度と熱電変換素子の熱起電力の関係を示すグラフ。The graph which shows the relationship between the temperature of the secondary battery in the example of a change of this invention, and the thermoelectromotive force of a thermoelectric conversion element. 従来技術の電池モジュールの冷却構造を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the cooling structure of the battery module of a prior art.
　（第１の実施形態）
　以下、本発明を具体化した第１の実施形態を図１（ａ）、図１（ｂ）及び図２にしたがって説明する。 (First embodiment)
A first embodiment embodying the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 (a), 1 (b), and 2. FIG.
　図１（ａ）に示すように、電池モジュール１０は、電池収容部１１に収容された電池セルとしての複数の二次電池１２を備えている。第１の実施形態では二次電池１２の数は５つである。二次電池１２は所定の間隔をおいて互いに平行に並んでいる。電池収容部１１には、温度調整用媒体の供給用に使用される供給通路１３と、温度調整用媒体の排出用に使用される排出通路１４とが設けられている。各二次電池１２には熱電素子としてペルチェ素子のような熱電変換素子１５が設けられている。各熱電変換素子１５は第１の面１５ａ及び第２の面１５ｂを有しており、熱電変換素子１５への通電の極性に応じて、第１の面１５ａ及び第２の面１５ｂうちのいずれか一方が発熱面として機能し、他方が吸熱面として機能する。各熱電変換素子１５は、第１の面１５ａが二次電池１２に接した状態でそれぞれの二次電池１２に取り付けられている。各熱電変換素子１５は、第１の面１５ａと第２の面１５ｂの間の温度差によって生じる熱起電力に対応した電圧信号を出力する。第１の実施形態では、この電圧信号を温度推定信号として利用する。 As shown in FIG. 1A, the battery module 10 includes a plurality of secondary batteries 12 as battery cells housed in a battery housing portion 11. In the first embodiment, the number of secondary batteries 12 is five. The secondary batteries 12 are arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined interval. The battery accommodating portion 11 is provided with a supply passage 13 used for supplying the temperature adjusting medium and a discharge passage 14 used for discharging the temperature adjusting medium. Each secondary battery 12 is provided with a thermoelectric conversion element 15 such as a Peltier element as a thermoelectric element. Each thermoelectric conversion element 15 has a first surface 15a and a second surface 15b, and depending on the polarity of energization to the thermoelectric conversion element 15, either the first surface 15a or the second surface 15b is used. One of them functions as a heat generating surface, and the other functions as a heat absorbing surface. Each thermoelectric conversion element 15 is attached to each secondary battery 12 with the first surface 15 a in contact with the secondary battery 12. Each thermoelectric conversion element 15 outputs a voltage signal corresponding to the thermoelectromotive force generated by the temperature difference between the first surface 15a and the second surface 15b. In the first embodiment, this voltage signal is used as a temperature estimation signal.
　複数の二次電池１２のうち２つの二次電池１２には、その２つの二次電池１２の温度をそれぞれ計測する第１の温度計測手段（第１の温度計測器）１６ａ，１６ｂが設けられている。第１の実施形態では、温度調整用媒体の供給通路１３の入口から最も遠い位置に配置された図１（ａ）中でNo.1と付された二次電池１２に第１の温度計測手段１６ａが設けられ、供給通路１３の入口から最も近い位置に配置された図１（ａ）中でNo.5と付された二次電池１２に第１の温度計測手段１６ｂが設けられている。 Of the plurality of secondary batteries 12, two secondary batteries 12 are provided with first temperature measuring means (first temperature measuring devices) 16a and 16b for measuring the temperatures of the two secondary batteries 12, respectively. ing. In the first embodiment, the first temperature measuring means is applied to the secondary battery 12 labeled No. 1 in FIG. 1A disposed at the position farthest from the inlet of the temperature adjusting medium supply passage 13. 16a is provided, and the first temperature measuring means 16b is provided in the secondary battery 12 labeled No. 5 in FIG. 1 (a) disposed at the position closest to the inlet of the supply passage 13.
　供給通路１３には、供給通路１３内を流れる温度調整用媒体の温度を計測する第２の温度計測手段（第２の温度計測器）１７が設けられている。第１の温度計測手段１６ａ，１６ｂ及び第２の温度計測手段１７はいずれもサーミスタである。 The supply passage 13 is provided with second temperature measuring means (second temperature measuring device) 17 for measuring the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium flowing in the supply passage 13. The first temperature measuring means 16a, 16b and the second temperature measuring means 17 are all thermistors.
　両第１の温度計測手段１６ａ，１６ｂ及び第２の温度計測手段１７による計測信号は、温度推定手段（温度推定器）としての制御装置１８に入力される。また、熱電変換素子１５から出力される温度推定信号も制御装置１８に入力される。制御装置１８は、図示しないＣＰＵ及びメモリを備えている。 Measurement signals from both the first temperature measuring means 16a and 16b and the second temperature measuring means 17 are input to a control device 18 as temperature estimating means (temperature estimator). A temperature estimation signal output from the thermoelectric conversion element 15 is also input to the control device 18. The control device 18 includes a CPU and a memory (not shown).
　ここで熱電変換素子１５と制御装置１８との接続構成を詳述する。熱電変換素子１５のうちの１つと制御装置１８との接続構成を図示する図１（ｂ）に示すように、各熱電変換素子１５は、配線１９及び通電方向切換装置２１を介して直流電源２０に接続されている。通電方向切換装置２１は、制御装置１８からの制御信号により、各熱電変換素子１５と直流電源２０との接続状態、即ち各熱電変換素子１５に対する通電方向を変更する。これにより、熱電変換素子１５は、第１の面１５ａが吸熱面として機能しかつ第２の面１５ｂが発熱面として機能する状態と、第１の面１５ａが発熱面として機能しかつ第２の面１５ｂが吸熱面として機能する状態との間を選択的に切り換わる。したがって制御装置１８は通電方向切換装置２１を制御する制御手段としても機能する。 Here, the connection configuration between the thermoelectric conversion element 15 and the control device 18 will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 1B, which shows a connection configuration between one of the thermoelectric conversion elements 15 and the control device 18, each thermoelectric conversion element 15 is connected to a DC power source 20 via a wiring 19 and a conduction direction switching device 21. It is connected to the. The energization direction switching device 21 changes the connection state between each thermoelectric conversion element 15 and the DC power source 20, that is, the energization direction with respect to each thermoelectric conversion element 15, according to a control signal from the control device 18. Thus, the thermoelectric conversion element 15 has a state in which the first surface 15a functions as a heat absorption surface and the second surface 15b functions as a heat generation surface, and the first surface 15a functions as a heat generation surface and the second surface 15b. The surface 15b is selectively switched between a state where it functions as an endothermic surface. Therefore, the control device 18 also functions as control means for controlling the energization direction switching device 21.
　各熱電変換素子１５は、スイッチ２２を介して制御装置１８に接続されている。熱電変換素子１５に直流電源２０から電圧が印加されない状態において、各熱電変換素子１５からの温度推定信号がスイッチ２２を介して制御装置１８に入力される。熱電変換素子１５、第１の温度計測手段１６ａ，１６ｂ、第２の温度計測手段１７及び制御装置１８により個々の二次電池１２の温度を検出する温度検出装置が構成されている。 Each thermoelectric conversion element 15 is connected to the control device 18 via a switch 22. In a state where no voltage is applied to the thermoelectric conversion element 15 from the DC power supply 20, a temperature estimation signal from each thermoelectric conversion element 15 is input to the control device 18 via the switch 22. The thermoelectric conversion element 15, the first temperature measurement means 16 a and 16 b, the second temperature measurement means 17, and the control device 18 constitute a temperature detection device that detects the temperature of each secondary battery 12.
　次に前記のように構成された電池モジュール１０及び温度検出装置の作用を説明する。 Next, the operation of the battery module 10 and the temperature detection device configured as described above will be described.
　電池モジュール１０の使用に際しては、温度調整用媒体としての外気を電池収容部１１に導入するための外気導入ダクト（図示せず）が供給通路１３の入口に連結され、電池収容部１１を通過した温度調整用媒体を電池収容部１１から排出するための排出ダクト（図示せず）が排出通路１４の出口に連結される。電池モジュール１０は、電力を供給すべき図示しない電機機器に配線を介して電力を供給する。 When the battery module 10 is used, an outside air introduction duct (not shown) for introducing outside air as a temperature adjusting medium into the battery housing portion 11 is connected to the inlet of the supply passage 13 and passes through the battery housing portion 11. A discharge duct (not shown) for discharging the temperature adjusting medium from the battery housing 11 is connected to the outlet of the discharge passage 14. The battery module 10 supplies electric power via wiring to an electric device (not shown) to which electric power is to be supplied.
　制御装置１８は、第１の温度計測手段１６ａ，１６ｂ及び第２の温度計測手段１７からの計測信号と熱電変換素子１５からの温度推定信号の入力を所定周期で受ける。第２の温度計測手段１７により計測される供給通路１３内の温度調整用媒体の温度は、各熱電変換素子１５の近傍の温度調整用媒体の温度と同じとは限らない。そこで、制御装置１８は、第１の温度計測手段１６ａ，１６ｂにより計測されるNo.1及びNo.5の２つの二次電池１２の温度と、その２つの二次電池１２に設けられている熱電変換素子１５からの温度推定信号、すなわちこれらの熱電変換素子１５の熱起電力とから、その２つの熱電変換素子１５の近傍の温度調整用媒体の温度を演算する。次に制御装置１８は、その演算された２つの温度調整用媒体温度から、上記２つの二次電池１２以外の二次電池１２、より具体的には図１（ａ）中でNo.2、No.3及びNo.4と付された３つの二次電池１２に設けられている熱電変換素子１５の近傍の温度調整用媒体の温度を演算する。この演算は、例えば、上記２つの二次電池１２の位置と先に演算された２つの温度調整用媒体温度との関係を表す図２に示すようなグラフを用いて行われる。続いて制御装置１８は、その演算された３つの温度調整用媒体温度と、対応する熱電変換素子１５からの温度推定信号とから、No.2、No.3及びNo.4の３つの二次電池１２の温度を演算する。このように熱電変換素子１５からの温度推定信号を利用することにより、熱電変換素子１５が設けられているすべて二次電池１２の温度を、その二次電池１２の数よりも少ない数の第１の温度計測手段１６ａ，１６ｂを用いて検出することができる。 The control device 18 receives the measurement signals from the first temperature measurement means 16a and 16b and the second temperature measurement means 17 and the temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric conversion element 15 at predetermined intervals. The temperature of the temperature adjusting medium in the supply passage 13 measured by the second temperature measuring means 17 is not necessarily the same as the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium in the vicinity of each thermoelectric conversion element 15. Therefore, the control device 18 is provided in the temperatures of the two secondary batteries 12 of No. 1 and No. 5 measured by the first temperature measuring means 16 a and 16 b and the two secondary batteries 12. The temperature of the temperature adjusting medium in the vicinity of the two thermoelectric conversion elements 15 is calculated from the temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric conversion elements 15, that is, the thermoelectromotive force of these thermoelectric conversion elements 15. Next, the control device 18 determines the secondary batteries 12 other than the two secondary batteries 12 from the calculated two temperature adjusting medium temperatures, more specifically, No. 2 in FIG. The temperature of the temperature adjusting medium in the vicinity of the thermoelectric conversion elements 15 provided in the three secondary batteries 12 labeled No. 3 and No. 4 is calculated. This calculation is performed using, for example, a graph as shown in FIG. 2 showing the relationship between the positions of the two secondary batteries 12 and the two temperature adjusting medium temperatures calculated previously. Subsequently, the control device 18 determines the three secondary outputs No. 2, No. 3, and No. 4 from the calculated three temperature adjusting medium temperatures and the temperature estimation signal from the corresponding thermoelectric conversion element 15. The temperature of the battery 12 is calculated. As described above, by using the temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric conversion element 15, the temperature of all the secondary batteries 12 provided with the thermoelectric conversion elements 15 is reduced to a number smaller than the number of the secondary batteries 12. The temperature measurement means 16a, 16b can be used for detection.
　制御装置１８は、こうして検出される各二次電池１２の電池温度に基づいて、各二次電池１２を加熱すべきか冷却すべきかを判断して通電方向切換装置２１を制御する。電池モジュール１０の急速充電時や急速放電時には二次電池１２の発熱量が大きくなる。予め設定された所定の温度範囲を超える温度が検出される二次電池１２があった場合、その二次電池１２に設けられている熱電変換素子１５の第１の面１５ａが吸熱面となるような極性の通電が直流電源２０から熱電変換素子１５に行われる。寒冷地や冬季の低温時等のように環境温度が二次電池１２の駆動に支障を来すほど低い場合、二次電池１２を加熱する必要がある。予め設定された所定の温度範囲未満の温度が検出される二次電池１２があった場合には、その二次電池１２に設けられている熱電変換素子１５の第１の面１５ａが発熱面となるような極性の通電が直流電源２０から熱電変換素子１５に行われる。検出された二次電池１２の温度が所定の温度範囲内にある場合には、その二次電池１２に設けられている熱電変換素子１５への通電は行われない。また、熱電変換素子１５からの温度推定信号が制御装置に入力されるときにも熱電変換素子１５への通電は行われない。 The control device 18 determines whether each secondary battery 12 should be heated or cooled based on the battery temperature of each secondary battery 12 thus detected, and controls the energization direction switching device 21. When the battery module 10 is rapidly charged or rapidly discharged, the amount of heat generated by the secondary battery 12 increases. When there is a secondary battery 12 in which a temperature exceeding a predetermined temperature range set in advance is detected, the first surface 15a of the thermoelectric conversion element 15 provided in the secondary battery 12 becomes an endothermic surface. A current having a certain polarity is applied from the DC power source 20 to the thermoelectric conversion element 15. When the environmental temperature is low enough to hinder the driving of the secondary battery 12 such as in a cold region or at a low temperature in winter, the secondary battery 12 needs to be heated. When there is a secondary battery 12 in which a temperature lower than a preset predetermined temperature range is detected, the first surface 15a of the thermoelectric conversion element 15 provided in the secondary battery 12 is a heat generation surface. The energization with such polarity is performed from the DC power source 20 to the thermoelectric conversion element 15. When the detected temperature of the secondary battery 12 is within a predetermined temperature range, the energization of the thermoelectric conversion element 15 provided in the secondary battery 12 is not performed. Further, when the temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric conversion element 15 is input to the control device, the thermoelectric conversion element 15 is not energized.
　温度調整用媒体は二次電池１２の冷却又は加熱にも寄与するが、その主たる使用目的は、熱電変換素子１５の第２の面１５ｂに接触して第２の面１５ｂを冷却又は加熱することにより、熱電変換素子１５の第１の面１５ａの吸熱作用又は発熱作用の効率を向上させることにある。すなわち、二次電池１２の温度調整は、熱電変換素子１５の作用が主となって行われる。 The temperature adjusting medium contributes to cooling or heating of the secondary battery 12, but the main purpose of use is to contact the second surface 15 b of the thermoelectric conversion element 15 to cool or heat the second surface 15 b. Thus, the efficiency of the endothermic action or the exothermic action of the first surface 15a of the thermoelectric conversion element 15 is improved. That is, the temperature adjustment of the secondary battery 12 is performed mainly by the action of the thermoelectric conversion element 15.
　第１の実施形態によれば、以下に示す効果を得ることができる。 According to the first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
　（１）第１の実施形態の温度検出装置は、熱電変換素子１５がそれぞれに設けられている複数の二次電池１２の個々の温度を検出するために、一部の二次電池１２の温度を計測する第１の温度計測手段１６ａ，１６ｂと温度推定手段（制御装置１８）とを備えている。制御装置１８は、第１の温度計測手段１６ａ，１６ｂで計測される一部の二次電池１２の電池温度と、熱電変換素子１５からの温度推定信号とにより、第１の温度計測手段１６ａ，１６ｂが設けられていない二次電池１２の温度を推定する。したがって、複数の二次電池１２の温度を、熱電変換素子１５を用いて個別に調整する場合に、すべての二次電池１２にそれぞれ温度センサを設けなくても、二次電池１２の個々の温度を精度良く求めることができる。 (1) The temperature detection device of the first embodiment is configured to detect the temperatures of some secondary batteries 12 in order to detect individual temperatures of the plurality of secondary batteries 12 each provided with the thermoelectric conversion element 15. First temperature measuring means 16a, 16b and temperature estimating means (control device 18) are provided. The control device 18 uses the first temperature measuring means 16a, 16b based on the battery temperature of some of the secondary batteries 12 measured by the first temperature measuring means 16a, 16b and the temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric conversion element 15. The temperature of the secondary battery 12 in which 16b is not provided is estimated. Therefore, when the temperatures of the plurality of secondary batteries 12 are individually adjusted using the thermoelectric conversion elements 15, the individual temperatures of the secondary batteries 12 can be provided without providing temperature sensors for all the secondary batteries 12. Can be obtained with high accuracy.
　（２）熱電変換素子１５は、熱電変換素子１５への通電の極性に応じて、第１の面１５ａ及び第２の面１５ｂのうちのいずれか一方が発熱面として機能し、他方が吸熱面として機能する。したがって、熱電変換素子１５に対する通電の方向を切り換えることにより、熱電変換素子１５を二次電池１２の冷却及び加熱に使用することができる。また、熱電変換素子１５は、第１の面１５ａと第２の面１５ｂの間の温度差によって生じる熱起電力に対応した電圧信号を出力するため、この電圧信号を温度推定信号として利用することにより、第１の温度計測手段で計測される一部の二次電池１２の温度から、第１の温度計測手段１６ａ，１６ｂが設けられていない二次電池１２の温度を推定することができる。 (2) In the thermoelectric conversion element 15, one of the first surface 15 a and the second surface 15 b functions as a heat generation surface and the other is a heat absorption surface, depending on the polarity of energization to the thermoelectric conversion element 15. Function as. Therefore, the thermoelectric conversion element 15 can be used for cooling and heating the secondary battery 12 by switching the direction of energization to the thermoelectric conversion element 15. Further, since the thermoelectric conversion element 15 outputs a voltage signal corresponding to the thermoelectromotive force generated by the temperature difference between the first surface 15a and the second surface 15b, the voltage signal should be used as a temperature estimation signal. Thus, the temperature of the secondary battery 12 in which the first temperature measuring means 16a, 16b are not provided can be estimated from the temperature of a part of the secondary batteries 12 measured by the first temperature measuring means.
　（３）第１の温度計測手段１６ａ，１６ｂの数は、複数であってかつ二次電池１２の数よりも少ない。したがって、第２の温度計測手段１７で計測される温度調整用媒体の温度と第１の温度計測手段１６ａ，１６ｂが設けられていない二次電池１２の近傍の温度調整用媒体の温度との関係を示すマップや関係式を予め用意しなくても、第１の温度計測手段１６ａ，１６ｂが設けられていない二次電池１２の温度の推定を精度良く行うことができる。 (3) The number of the first temperature measuring means 16a, 16b is plural and less than the number of the secondary batteries 12. Therefore, the relationship between the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium measured by the second temperature measuring means 17 and the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium in the vicinity of the secondary battery 12 where the first temperature measuring means 16a and 16b are not provided. The temperature of the secondary battery 12 that is not provided with the first temperature measuring means 16a, 16b can be estimated with high accuracy without preparing a map or a relational expression in advance.
　（４）第１の温度計測手段１６ａ，１６ｂの数は２つであり、これは、第１の温度計測手段１６ａ，１６ｂが設けられていない二次電池１２の近傍の温度調整用媒体の温度と第２の温度計測手段１７で計測される温度調整用媒体の温度との関係を示すマップや関係式を予め用意しなくても二次電池１２の温度の推定を精度良く行うことができる最少の数である。 (4) The number of the first temperature measuring means 16a and 16b is two, which is the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium in the vicinity of the secondary battery 12 where the first temperature measuring means 16a and 16b are not provided. And the temperature of the secondary battery 12 can be accurately estimated without preparing a map or relational expression showing the relationship between the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium measured by the second temperature measuring means 17 in advance. Is the number of
　（第２の実施形態）
　次に第２の実施形態を図３にしたがって説明する。第２の実施形態の温度検出装置は、二次電池１２のうちの１つにのみ第１の温度計測手段１６ａが設けられている点で第１の実施形態と異なっている。また、制御装置１８のソフトウエアの一部も第１の実施形態と異なっている。第１の実施形態と同一部分は同一符号を付して詳しい説明を省略する。 (Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The temperature detection apparatus according to the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the first temperature measurement unit 16a is provided only in one of the secondary batteries 12. Further, part of the software of the control device 18 is also different from that of the first embodiment. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
　制御装置１８のメモリには、第２の温度計測手段１７で計測される温度調整用媒体の温度と、各二次電池１２に設けられている熱電変換素子１５の近傍の温度調整用媒体の温度との関係を示すマップ又は関係式が記憶されている。マップ又は関係式は、供給通路１３内を流れる温度調整用媒体の温度と各熱電変換素子１５の近傍の温度調整用媒体の温度とを事前の試験で計測することによりその計測結果に基づいて作成することができる。制御装置１８は、第２の温度計測手段１７で計測される温度調整用媒体の温度から、マップ又は関係式を用いて、各熱電変換素子１５の近傍の温度調整用媒体の温度を演算し、その演算された温度と、各熱電変換素子１５からの温度推定信号とから、各二次電池１２の温度を仮推定する。また、制御装置１８は、このようにして仮推定された第１の温度計測手段１６ａが設けられている二次電池１２の温度と、第１の温度計測手段１６ａによる同じ二次電池１２の温度の実測値とに基づき、第１の温度計測手段１６ａが設けられていない二次電池１２の仮推定温度を補正する。この補正は、例えば、二次電池１２の実測温度が同じ二次電池１２の仮推定温度よりも高い場合には、その差を各二次電池１２の仮推定温度に足すことによって行われ、二次電池１２の実測温度が同じ二次電池１２の仮推定温度よりも低い場合には、その差を各二次電池１２の仮推定温度から引くことによって行われる。 In the memory of the control device 18, the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium measured by the second temperature measurement means 17 and the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium in the vicinity of the thermoelectric conversion element 15 provided in each secondary battery 12 are stored. A map or a relational expression indicating the relationship with the is stored. The map or the relational expression is created based on the measurement result by measuring the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium flowing in the supply passage 13 and the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium in the vicinity of each thermoelectric conversion element 15 by a preliminary test. can do. The control device 18 calculates the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium in the vicinity of each thermoelectric conversion element 15 from the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium measured by the second temperature measurement means 17 using a map or a relational expression. From the calculated temperature and the temperature estimation signal from each thermoelectric conversion element 15, the temperature of each secondary battery 12 is temporarily estimated. Further, the control device 18 determines the temperature of the secondary battery 12 provided with the first temperature measuring means 16a temporarily estimated as described above, and the temperature of the same secondary battery 12 by the first temperature measuring means 16a. Based on the actually measured value, the temporary estimated temperature of the secondary battery 12 in which the first temperature measuring means 16a is not provided is corrected. For example, when the measured temperature of the secondary battery 12 is higher than the temporary estimated temperature of the same secondary battery 12, this correction is performed by adding the difference to the temporary estimated temperature of each secondary battery 12. When the measured temperature of the secondary battery 12 is lower than the temporary estimated temperature of the same secondary battery 12, the difference is subtracted from the temporary estimated temperature of each secondary battery 12.
　この第２の実施形態によれば、第１の実施形態の効果として先に記載した（１）及び（２）と同様な効果に加えて次の効果を得ることができる。 According to the second embodiment, the following effects can be obtained in addition to the effects (1) and (2) described above as the effects of the first embodiment.
　（５）第２の実施形態の温度検出装置の温度推定手段（制御装置１８）は、第２の温度計測手段１７で計測される温度調整用媒体の温度と、各熱電変換素子１５の近傍の温度調整用媒体の温度との関係を示すマップ又は関係式を備えている。したがって、１つの二次電池１２にしか第１の温度計測手段が設けられていなくても、その他の二次電池１２の温度を精度良く推定することができる。 (5) The temperature estimation means (the control device 18) of the temperature detection device of the second embodiment is configured so that the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium measured by the second temperature measurement means 17 and the vicinity of each thermoelectric conversion element 15 are A map or relational expression showing the relationship with the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium is provided. Therefore, even if only one secondary battery 12 is provided with the first temperature measuring means, the temperatures of the other secondary batteries 12 can be accurately estimated.
　（第３の実施形態）
　次に第３の実施形態を図４にしたがって説明する。第３の実施形態の温度検出装置は、熱電素子がそれぞれに設けられている複数の電池セル群の個々の電池セル群の温度を検出するためのものである点で前記第１及び第２の実施形態と異なっている。第１の実施形態と同一部分は同一符号を付して詳しい説明を省略する。 (Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The temperature detection device of the third embodiment is for detecting the temperature of each battery cell group of a plurality of battery cell groups each provided with a thermoelectric element. It is different from the embodiment. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
　図４に示す電池モジュール１０は、電池収容部１１に収容された複数の電池セル群３０を備えている。各電池セル群３０は、ホルダ３１に収容された状態の複数の二次電池１２を含んでいる。電池セル群３０に含まれる二次電池１２の数はどれも同じである。電池セル群３０は、所定の間隔をおいて平行に並んでいる。 4 includes a plurality of battery cell groups 30 accommodated in the battery accommodating portion 11. Each battery cell group 30 includes a plurality of secondary batteries 12 accommodated in a holder 31. The number of secondary batteries 12 included in the battery cell group 30 is the same. The battery cell group 30 is arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval.
　各ホルダ３１には熱電変換素子１５が設けられている。各熱電変換素子１５は、第１の面１５ａがホルダ３１の外面に接した状態でそれぞれのホルダ３１に取り付けられており、ホルダ３１内の二次電池１２の冷却又は加熱に利用される。熱電変換素子１５は、電池セル群３０と温度調整用媒体との温度差によって生じる熱起電力に対応した電圧信号を出力する。第３の実施形態でも、この電圧信号を温度推定信号として利用する。 Each holder 31 is provided with a thermoelectric conversion element 15. Each thermoelectric conversion element 15 is attached to each holder 31 with the first surface 15 a in contact with the outer surface of the holder 31, and is used for cooling or heating the secondary battery 12 in the holder 31. The thermoelectric conversion element 15 outputs a voltage signal corresponding to the thermoelectromotive force generated by the temperature difference between the battery cell group 30 and the temperature adjusting medium. Also in the third embodiment, this voltage signal is used as a temperature estimation signal.
　複数の電池セル群３０のうち２つの電池セル群３０には、その２つの電池セル群３０の温度を計測する第１の温度計測手段（第１の温度計測器）３２ａ，３２ｂがそれぞれ設けられている。第１の温度計測手段３２ａ，３２ｂはいずれもサーミスタである。第１の温度計測手段３２ａは図４中で最も左側の電池セル群３０に設けられ、第１の温度計測手段３２ｂは図４中で最も右側の電池セル群３０に設けられている。 Of the plurality of battery cell groups 30, two battery cell groups 30 are provided with first temperature measuring means (first temperature measuring devices) 32a and 32b for measuring the temperatures of the two battery cell groups 30, respectively. ing. The first temperature measuring means 32a and 32b are both thermistors. The first temperature measuring means 32a is provided in the leftmost battery cell group 30 in FIG. 4, and the first temperature measuring means 32b is provided in the rightmost battery cell group 30 in FIG.
　両第１の温度計測手段３２ａ，３２ｂ及び第２の温度計測手段１７による計測信号は、制御装置１８に入力される。熱電変換素子１５から出力される温度推定信号も制御装置１８に入力される。制御装置１８は、第１の温度計測手段３２ａ，３２ｂ及び第２の温度計測手段１７からの計測信号と熱電変換素子１５からの温度推定信号の入力を所定周期で受ける。制御装置１８は、第１の温度計測手段３２ａ，３２ｂで計測される２つの電池セル群３０の温度と、その２つの電池セル群３０に設けられている熱電変換素子１５からの温度推定信号とから、その２つの熱電変換素子１５の近傍の温度調整用媒体の温度を演算する。続いて制御装置１８は、第１の実施形態において各二次電池１２の温度を演算したのと同様の方法で、各電池セル群３０の温度を演算する。なお、図４では制御装置１８に入力される各信号のラインの図示を省略している。 Measurement signals from both the first temperature measuring means 32 a and 32 b and the second temperature measuring means 17 are input to the control device 18. A temperature estimation signal output from the thermoelectric conversion element 15 is also input to the control device 18. The control device 18 receives the measurement signals from the first temperature measurement means 32 a and 32 b and the second temperature measurement means 17 and the temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric conversion element 15 in a predetermined cycle. The control device 18 includes the temperature of the two battery cell groups 30 measured by the first temperature measuring means 32a and 32b, and the temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric conversion element 15 provided in the two battery cell groups 30. Thus, the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium in the vicinity of the two thermoelectric conversion elements 15 is calculated. Subsequently, the control device 18 calculates the temperature of each battery cell group 30 in the same manner as the temperature of each secondary battery 12 is calculated in the first embodiment. In FIG. 4, the lines of the signals input to the control device 18 are not shown.
　この第３の実施形態によれば、第１の実施形態の効果として先に記載した（１）～（４）における「二次電池１２」を「電池セル群３０」と読み替えた場合と同様な効果を得ることができる。 According to the third embodiment, it is the same as the case where “secondary battery 12” in (1) to (4) described above as the effect of the first embodiment is replaced with “battery cell group 30”. An effect can be obtained.
　（第４の実施形態）
　次に第４の実施形態を図５にしたがって説明する。第４の実施形態は、熱電素子として熱電変換素子ではなく、二次電池１２を加熱する役割を果たし、かつサーミスタ機能を有する発熱抵抗素子が使用されている点と、二次電池１２の冷却を温度調整用媒体で行う点とが第１の実施形態と大きく異なっている。また、それらの違いに対応して、制御装置１８によって第１の温度計測手段１６ａが設けられていない二次電池１２の温度を演算する方法や二次電池１２の温度調整方法も異なっている。第１の実施形態と同一部分は同一符号を付して詳しい説明を省略する。なお、サーミスタ機能を有する発熱抵抗素子とは、発熱抵抗素子に所定の電流を流した際に、温度に対応した抵抗値の変化が容易に検出可能な発熱抵抗素子を意味する。 (Fourth embodiment)
Next, a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The fourth embodiment is not a thermoelectric conversion element as a thermoelectric element, but serves to heat the secondary battery 12, and a heating resistor element having a thermistor function is used, and the secondary battery 12 is cooled. This is largely different from the first embodiment in that the temperature adjustment medium is used. Corresponding to these differences, the method of calculating the temperature of the secondary battery 12 in which the first temperature measuring means 16a is not provided by the control device 18 and the method of adjusting the temperature of the secondary battery 12 are also different. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. The heating resistor element having the thermistor function means a heating resistor element that can easily detect a change in resistance value corresponding to temperature when a predetermined current is passed through the heating resistor element.
　図５に示すように、各二次電池１２には発熱抵抗素子２５が取り付けられている。各発熱抵抗素子２５は図示しない配線を介して電源装置２６に接続されている。電源装置２６は、各発熱抵抗素子２５に供給する電流量を変更可能に構成されている。発熱抵抗素子２５によって二次電池１２を加熱する場合に電源装置２６から発熱抵抗素子２５に供給される電流量に比べて、発熱抵抗素子２５をサーミスタとして使用する場合に電源装置２６から発熱抵抗素子２５に供給される電流量は小さい。また、電源装置２６は、各発熱抵抗素子２５をサーミスタとして使用する際に各発熱抵抗素子２５の抵抗値の信号を検出して、その信号を制御装置１８に出力する。即ち、制御装置１８は、電源装置２６を介して発熱抵抗素子２５から抵抗値の信号の入力を受け、これを温度推定信号として利用する。 As shown in FIG. 5, each secondary battery 12 is provided with a heating resistance element 25. Each heating resistance element 25 is connected to the power supply device 26 via a wiring (not shown). The power supply device 26 is configured to be able to change the amount of current supplied to each heating resistor element 25. Compared to the amount of current supplied from the power supply device 26 to the heating resistor element 25 when the secondary battery 12 is heated by the heating resistor element 25, the heating resistor element from the power supply device 26 when used as the thermistor. The amount of current supplied to 25 is small. Further, the power supply device 26 detects a resistance value signal of each heating resistance element 25 when using each heating resistance element 25 as a thermistor, and outputs the signal to the control device 18. That is, the control device 18 receives a resistance value signal from the heating resistor element 25 via the power supply device 26 and uses it as a temperature estimation signal.
　制御装置１８は、寒冷地や冬季の低温時等のように環境温度が二次電池１２の駆動に支障を来すほど低い場合には、電源装置２６を介して発熱抵抗素子２５に所定の電流を供給することにより二次電池１２を加熱する。また、制御装置１８は、第１の温度計測手段１６ａ及び第２の温度計測手段１７からの計測信号と発熱抵抗素子２５からの温度推定信号の入力を所定周期で受ける。制御装置１８のメモリには、第２の温度計測手段１７で計測される温度調整用媒体の温度と、各二次電池１２に設けられている発熱抵抗素子２５の近傍の温度調整用媒体の温度との関係を示すマップ又は関係式が記憶されている。マップ又は関係式は、供給通路１３内を流れる温度調整用媒体の温度と各発熱抵抗素子２５の近傍の温度調整用媒体の温度とを事前の試験で計測することによりその計測結果に基づいて作成することができる。制御装置１８は、第２の温度計測手段１７で計測される温度調整用媒体の温度から、マップ又は関係式を用いて、各発熱抵抗素子２５の近傍の温度調整用媒体の温度を演算し、その演算された温度と、各発熱抵抗素子２５からの温度推定信号とから、各二次電池１２の温度を仮推定する。また、制御装置１８は、このようにして仮推定された第１の温度計測手段１６ａが設けられている二次電池１２の温度と、第１の温度計測手段１６ａによる同じ二次電池１２の温度の実測値とに基づき、第１の温度計測手段１６ａが設けられていない二次電池１２の仮推定温度を補正する。この補正は、例えば、二次電池１２の実測温度が同じ二次電池１２の仮推定温度よりも高い場合には、その差を各二次電池１２の仮推定温度に足すことによって行われ、二次電池１２の実測温度が同じ二次電池１２の仮推定温度よりも低い場合には、その差を各二次電池１２の仮推定温度から引くことによって行われる。なお、図５においても制御装置１８に入力される各信号のラインの図示を省略している。 When the environmental temperature is low enough to hinder the driving of the secondary battery 12, such as in a cold region or at low temperatures in winter, the control device 18 supplies a predetermined current to the heating resistor element 25 via the power supply device 26. The secondary battery 12 is heated by supplying. Further, the control device 18 receives the measurement signals from the first temperature measurement unit 16a and the second temperature measurement unit 17 and the temperature estimation signal from the heating resistor element 25 in a predetermined cycle. In the memory of the control device 18, the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium measured by the second temperature measurement means 17 and the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium in the vicinity of the heating resistor element 25 provided in each secondary battery 12 are stored. A map or a relational expression indicating the relationship with the is stored. The map or the relational expression is created based on the measurement result by measuring the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium flowing in the supply passage 13 and the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium in the vicinity of each heating resistance element 25 by a preliminary test. can do. The control device 18 calculates the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium in the vicinity of each heating resistance element 25 from the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium measured by the second temperature measurement means 17 using a map or a relational expression, From the calculated temperature and the temperature estimation signal from each heating resistance element 25, the temperature of each secondary battery 12 is temporarily estimated. Further, the control device 18 determines the temperature of the secondary battery 12 provided with the first temperature measuring means 16a temporarily estimated as described above, and the temperature of the same secondary battery 12 by the first temperature measuring means 16a. Based on the actually measured value, the temporary estimated temperature of the secondary battery 12 in which the first temperature measuring means 16a is not provided is corrected. For example, when the measured temperature of the secondary battery 12 is higher than the temporary estimated temperature of the same secondary battery 12, this correction is performed by adding the difference to the temporary estimated temperature of each secondary battery 12. When the measured temperature of the secondary battery 12 is lower than the temporary estimated temperature of the same secondary battery 12, the difference is subtracted from the temporary estimated temperature of each secondary battery 12. Also in FIG. 5, the lines of the signals input to the control device 18 are not shown.
　したがって、この第４の実施形態においても、複数の二次電池１２の温度を、発熱抵抗素子２５を用いて個別に調整する場合に、すべての二次電池１２にそれぞれ温度センサを設けなくても、二次電池１２の個々の温度を精度良く求めることができる。 Therefore, also in the fourth embodiment, when the temperatures of the plurality of secondary batteries 12 are individually adjusted using the heating resistor elements 25, it is not necessary to provide temperature sensors for all the secondary batteries 12, respectively. The individual temperatures of the secondary battery 12 can be obtained with high accuracy.
　本発明は、前記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、例えば、次のように具体化してもよい。 The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and may be embodied as follows, for example.
　○　前記各実施形態では、各二次電池１２近傍の温度調整用媒体の温度が異なる状態であるが、電池モジュール１０の電池収容部１１を構成する筐体やケースを断熱することにより、どの二次電池１２の近傍でも温度調整用媒体の温度が一定の構成としてもよい。例えば、第１の実施形態にこの構成を適用すると、各二次電池１２の近傍における温度調整用媒体の温度は第２の温度計測手段１７で計測される温度調整用媒体の温度と同じになる。この変更例の場合、第１の温度計測手段１６ａ，１６ｂにより計測されるNo.1及びNo.5の２つの二次電池１２の温度と、No.その２つの二次電池１２に設けられている熱電変換素子１５から出力される温度推定信号（熱起電力）とから、二次電池１２の温度と熱電変換素子１５の熱起電力との関係を示す推定式を求める。推定式は、この変更例の場合、No.1及びNo.5の２つの二次電池１２のデータから求めるため、図６に示す直線になる。そして、No.2、No.3、No.4の二次電池１２に設けられた熱電変換素子１５から出力される温度推定信号から各熱電変換素子１５の熱起電力を求め、その熱起電力とこの推定式とからNo.2、No.3、No.4の二次電池１２の温度がそれぞれ算出される。 In each of the above embodiments, the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium in the vicinity of each secondary battery 12 is in a different state. However, by insulating the casing and the case that constitute the battery housing portion 11 of the battery module 10, Even in the vicinity of the secondary battery 12, the temperature adjustment medium may have a constant temperature. For example, when this configuration is applied to the first embodiment, the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium in the vicinity of each secondary battery 12 is the same as the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium measured by the second temperature measurement means 17. . In the case of this modification, the temperatures of the two secondary batteries 12 of No. 1 and No. 5 measured by the first temperature measuring means 16a and 16b and the No. 2 of the secondary batteries 12 are provided. An estimation formula indicating the relationship between the temperature of the secondary battery 12 and the thermoelectromotive force of the thermoelectric conversion element 15 is obtained from the temperature estimation signal (thermoelectromotive force) output from the thermoelectric conversion element 15. In the case of this modification, the estimation formula is obtained from the data of the two secondary batteries 12 of No. 1 and No. 5, and thus becomes a straight line shown in FIG. And the thermoelectromotive force of each thermoelectric conversion element 15 is calculated | required from the temperature estimation signal output from the thermoelectric conversion element 15 provided in the secondary battery 12 of No.2, No.3, No.4, The thermoelectromotive force And the temperature of the secondary batteries 12 of No. 2, No. 3, and No. 4 are calculated from the estimation formula.
　○　２つの第１の温度計測手段１６ａ，１６ｂの計測温度から第１の温度計測手段１６ａ，１６ｂが設けられていない二次電池１２の温度を推定する第１の実施形態において、第１の温度計測手段１６ａ，１６ｂが設けられていない二次電池１２の近傍の温度調整用媒体の温度を、第１の温度計測手段１６ａ，１６ｂが設けられているNo.1及びNo.5の２つの二次電池１２の近傍の温度調整用媒体の温度の平均値として演算してもよい。２つの第１の温度計測手段３２ａ，３２ｂの計測温度から第１の温度計測手段３２ａ，３２ｂが設けられていない電池セル群３０の温度を推定する第３の実施形態の場合も同様である。 In the first embodiment in which the temperature of the secondary battery 12 not provided with the first temperature measuring means 16a, 16b is estimated from the measured temperatures of the two first temperature measuring means 16a, 16b, the first temperature The temperature of the temperature adjusting medium in the vicinity of the secondary battery 12 where the measuring means 16a, 16b is not provided is the two temperatures No. 1 and No. 5 provided with the first temperature measuring means 16a, 16b. You may calculate as an average value of the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium in the vicinity of the secondary battery 12. The same applies to the case of the third embodiment in which the temperature of the battery cell group 30 in which the first temperature measuring means 32a and 32b are not provided is estimated from the measured temperatures of the two first temperature measuring means 32a and 32b.
　○　第１の実施形態において、第１の温度計測手段１６ａ，１６ｂを、No.1及びNo.5の二次電池１２に設けるに限らず、任意の２つの二次電池１２に設けてもよい。第３の実施形態において、第１の温度計測手段３２ａ，３２ｂを、図４中で最も左側の電池セル群３０と最も右側の電池セル群３０に限らず、任意の２つの電池セル群３０に設けてもよい。 In the first embodiment, the first temperature measuring means 16a and 16b are not limited to the No. 1 and No. 5 secondary batteries 12, but may be provided in any two secondary batteries 12. . In the third embodiment, the first temperature measuring means 32a and 32b are not limited to the leftmost battery cell group 30 and the rightmost battery cell group 30 in FIG. It may be provided.
　○　３つ以上の第１の温度計測手段を設けてもよい。この場合、第２の温度計測手段１７で計測される温度調整用媒体の温度と、第１の温度計測手段が設けられていない二次電池１２又は電池セル群３０の近傍の温度調整用媒体の温度との関係を示すマップや関係式を予め用意することなく、二次電池１２又は電池セル群３０の温度の推定を行うことができる。 ○ Three or more first temperature measuring means may be provided. In this case, the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium measured by the second temperature measurement means 17 and the temperature adjustment medium in the vicinity of the secondary battery 12 or the battery cell group 30 not provided with the first temperature measurement means. The temperature of the secondary battery 12 or the battery cell group 30 can be estimated without preparing a map or a relational expression indicating the relationship with the temperature in advance.
　○　各実施形態における二次電池１２あるいは電池セル群３０の数は一例であり、より多くの数で使用してもよい。 ○ The number of secondary batteries 12 or battery cell groups 30 in each embodiment is an example, and a larger number may be used.
　○　第３の実施形態において、各電池セル群３０に含まれる二次電池１２の数は、電池セル群３０によって異なる数であってもよい。 In the third embodiment, the number of secondary batteries 12 included in each battery cell group 30 may be different depending on the battery cell group 30.
　○　温度調整用媒体は空気に限らず、他の気体や液体であってもよい。温度調整用媒体として液体を使用する場合は、二次電池１２の端子同士や配線同士が短絡するのを防止するために非導電性の液体を使用する必要がある。 ○ The temperature adjusting medium is not limited to air, but may be other gas or liquid. When a liquid is used as the temperature adjusting medium, it is necessary to use a nonconductive liquid in order to prevent the terminals of the secondary battery 12 and the wirings from being short-circuited.
　○　排出通路１４を通って排出された温度調整用媒体を、供給通路１３を通じて再び電池収容部１１内に導入することにより、温度調整用媒体を循環使用する構成にしてもよい。この場合、循環経路の途中にファンやポンプ等の媒体駆動部と、ラジエータ等の熱交換器とを設けることが好ましい。 O The temperature adjustment medium discharged through the discharge passage 14 may be introduced into the battery accommodating portion 11 again through the supply passage 13 to circulate and use the temperature adjustment medium. In this case, it is preferable to provide a medium drive unit such as a fan or a pump and a heat exchanger such as a radiator in the middle of the circulation path.
　○　第３の実施形態において、熱電素子として熱電変換素子１５あるいは発熱抵抗素子２５を各電池セル群３０に複数設けてもよい。この場合、電池セル群３０の温度を調整する際には、各電池セル群３０に設けられた複数の熱電素子を使用するようにしてもよい。また、各電池セル群３０に設けられた複数の熱電素子のうち１つの熱電素子のみから制御装置１８に温度推定信号が入力されるようにしてもよい。 In the third embodiment, a plurality of thermoelectric conversion elements 15 or heating resistance elements 25 may be provided in each battery cell group 30 as thermoelectric elements. In this case, when the temperature of the battery cell group 30 is adjusted, a plurality of thermoelectric elements provided in each battery cell group 30 may be used. In addition, a temperature estimation signal may be input to the control device 18 from only one thermoelectric element among the plurality of thermoelectric elements provided in each battery cell group 30.
　○　第３の実施形態において、各電池セル群３０に熱電変換素子１５の代わりに熱電素子として発熱抵抗素子２５を設けてもよい。 In the third embodiment, each battery cell group 30 may be provided with a heating resistance element 25 as a thermoelectric element instead of the thermoelectric conversion element 15.
　○　二次電池１２は角型電池に限らず、円筒型電池やラミネート型電池であってもよい。 ○ The secondary battery 12 is not limited to a square battery, and may be a cylindrical battery or a laminate battery.
　○　電池収容部１１の形状は特に限定されない。また、電池収容部１１内の二次電池１２あるいは電池セル群３０は、互いに平行な状態で１列に配置される以外の配置であってもよい。 ○ The shape of the battery housing part 11 is not particularly limited. Further, the secondary batteries 12 or the battery cell groups 30 in the battery accommodating portion 11 may be arranged in a manner other than being arranged in a row in a state of being parallel to each other.
　○　各実施形態の温度検出装置は、要求される検出精度が低い場合には、二次電池１２あるいは電池セル群３０の温度を計測する第１の温度計測手段を省略してもよい。この場合、制御装置１８は、熱電変換素子１５からの温度推定信号と、第２の温度計測手段１７で計測される温度調整用媒体の温度計測信号とから、二次電池１２又は電池セル群３０の温度を推定する。この変更例では、各熱電変換素子１５の近傍の温度調整用媒体の温度と第２の温度計測手段１７で計測される温度調整用媒体の温度との関係を示すマップ又は関係式を制御装置１８のメモリに記憶させておき、制御装置１８はそのマップ又は関係式を用いて各二次電池１２あるいは各電池セル群３０の温度の推定を行うことが好ましい。 O The temperature detection device of each embodiment may omit the first temperature measurement means for measuring the temperature of the secondary battery 12 or the battery cell group 30 when the required detection accuracy is low. In this case, the control device 18 determines the secondary battery 12 or the battery cell group 30 from the temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric conversion element 15 and the temperature measurement signal of the temperature adjustment medium measured by the second temperature measurement means 17. Estimate the temperature. In this modified example, the controller 18 represents a map or a relational expression indicating the relationship between the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium near each thermoelectric conversion element 15 and the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium measured by the second temperature measuring means 17. Preferably, the control device 18 estimates the temperature of each secondary battery 12 or each battery cell group 30 using the map or the relational expression.

Claims (8)

  1. 　熱電素子がそれぞれに設けられている複数の電池セルの個々の電池セルの温度又は熱電素子がそれぞれに設けられている複数の電池セル群の個々の電池セル群の温度を検出する温度検出装置であって、
    　前記複数の電池セルのうちの少なくとも２つ又は前記複数の電池セル群のうちの少なくとも２つの温度を計測する第１の温度計測手段と、
    　前記第１の温度計測手段で計測される電池セル又は電池セル群の温度と、前記熱電素子からの温度推定信号とにより、前記第１の温度計測手段が設けられていない電池セル又は電池セル群の温度を推定する温度推定手段と
    を備えていることを特徴とする温度検出装置。     A temperature detection device that detects the temperature of each battery cell of a plurality of battery cells provided with each thermoelectric element or the temperature of each battery cell group of a plurality of battery cell groups provided with each thermoelectric element. There,
    First temperature measuring means for measuring temperatures of at least two of the plurality of battery cells or at least two of the plurality of battery cell groups;
    The battery cell or battery cell group in which the first temperature measuring means is not provided by the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group measured by the first temperature measuring means and the temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric element. And a temperature estimation means for estimating the temperature of the temperature detection device.
  2. 　前記熱電素子は熱電変換素子であり、前記熱電変換素子はそれぞれ第１の面及び第２の面を有しており、熱電変換素子への通電の極性に応じて、第１の面及び第２の面うちのいずれか一方が発熱面として機能し、他方が吸熱面として機能するものであり、かつ、前記第１の面と前記第２の面の温度差に対応した電圧信号を前記温度推定信号として出力する、請求項１に記載の温度検出装置。 The thermoelectric element is a thermoelectric conversion element, and each of the thermoelectric conversion elements has a first surface and a second surface, and the first surface and the second surface are in accordance with the polarity of energization to the thermoelectric conversion element. Any one of the surfaces functions as a heat generating surface and the other functions as a heat absorbing surface, and a voltage signal corresponding to a temperature difference between the first surface and the second surface is estimated as the temperature. The temperature detection device according to claim 1, which outputs as a signal.
  3. 　前記熱電素子は、前記電池セル又は前記電池セル群を加熱する役割を果たし、かつサーミスタ機能を有する発熱抵抗素子である、請求項１に記載の温度検出装置。 The temperature detection device according to claim 1, wherein the thermoelectric element is a heating resistor element that plays a role of heating the battery cell or the battery cell group and has a thermistor function.
  4. 　熱電素子がそれぞれに設けられている複数の電池セルの個々の電池セルの温度又は熱電素子がそれぞれに設けられている複数の電池セル群の個々の電池セル群の温度を検出する温度検出装置であって、
    　前記熱電素子の周囲に供給される温度調整用媒体の温度を計測する第２の温度計測手段と、
    　前記第２の温度計測手段で計測される温度調整用媒体の温度と、前記熱電素子からの温度推定信号とにより、前記電池セル又は前記電池セル群の温度を推定する温度推定手段と
    を備えていることを特徴とする温度検出装置。     A temperature detection device that detects the temperature of each battery cell of a plurality of battery cells provided with each thermoelectric element or the temperature of each battery cell group of a plurality of battery cell groups provided with each thermoelectric element. There,
    A second temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium supplied around the thermoelectric element;
    Temperature estimation means for estimating the temperature of the battery cell or the battery cell group from the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium measured by the second temperature measurement means and the temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric element. A temperature detecting device characterized by comprising:
  5. 　前記温度推定手段は、前記第２の温度計測手段で計測される温度調整用媒体の温度と、各熱電素子の近傍の温度調整用媒体の温度との関係を示すマップ又は関係式を備えている、請求項４に記載の温度検出装置。 The temperature estimation means includes a map or a relational expression showing the relationship between the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium measured by the second temperature measurement means and the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium in the vicinity of each thermoelectric element. The temperature detection device according to claim 4.
  6. 　熱電素子がそれぞれに設けられている複数の電池セルの個々の電池セルの温度又は熱電素子がそれぞれに設けられている複数の電池セル群の個々の電池セル群の温度を検出する温度検出装置であって、
    　前記複数の電池セルのうちの１つ又は前記複数の電池セル群のうちの１つの温度を計測する第１の温度計測手段と、
    　前記熱電素子の周囲に供給される温度調整用媒体の温度を計測する第２の温度計測手段と、
    　前記第１の温度計測手段で計測される電池セル又は電池セル群の温度と、前記第２の温度計測手段で計測される温度調整用媒体の温度と、前記熱電素子からの温度推定信号とにより、前記第１の温度計測手段が設けられていない電池セル又は電池セル群の温度を推定する温度推定手段と
    を備えていることを特徴とする温度検出装置。     A temperature detection device that detects the temperature of each battery cell of a plurality of battery cells provided with each thermoelectric element or the temperature of each battery cell group of a plurality of battery cell groups provided with each thermoelectric element. There,
    First temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature of one of the plurality of battery cells or one of the plurality of battery cell groups;
    A second temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium supplied around the thermoelectric element;
    By the temperature of the battery cell or battery cell group measured by the first temperature measuring means, the temperature of the temperature adjusting medium measured by the second temperature measuring means, and the temperature estimation signal from the thermoelectric element And a temperature estimation means for estimating the temperature of a battery cell or battery cell group not provided with the first temperature measurement means.
  7. 　前記温度推定手段は、前記第２の温度計測手段で計測される温度調整用媒体の温度と、各熱電素子の近傍の温度調整用媒体の温度との関係を示すマップ又は関係式を備えている、請求項６に記載の温度検出装置。 The temperature estimation means includes a map or a relational expression showing the relationship between the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium measured by the second temperature measurement means and the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium in the vicinity of each thermoelectric element. The temperature detection device according to claim 6.
  8. 　温度検出装置は、前記複数の電池セルのうちの少なくとも２つ又は前記複数の電池セル群のうちの少なくとも２つの温度を計測する第１の温度計測手段を備え、前記第１の温度計測手段の数は、前記電池セルの数又は前記電池セル群の数よりも少ない、請求項６に記載の温度検出装置。 The temperature detecting device includes a first temperature measuring unit that measures the temperature of at least two of the plurality of battery cells or at least two of the plurality of battery cell groups, and the first temperature measuring unit includes: The temperature detection device according to claim 6, wherein the number is smaller than the number of the battery cells or the number of the battery cell groups.
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