WO2012113938A1 - Unité d'affichage plate 3d - Google Patents

Unité d'affichage plate 3d Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012113938A1
WO2012113938A1 PCT/EP2012/053236 EP2012053236W WO2012113938A1 WO 2012113938 A1 WO2012113938 A1 WO 2012113938A1 EP 2012053236 W EP2012053236 W EP 2012053236W WO 2012113938 A1 WO2012113938 A1 WO 2012113938A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lens
arrangement
diaphragm
arrangements
lens arrangement
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/053236
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Felix V. LAFFERT
Wolfgang Riedel
Original Assignee
Realeyes Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Realeyes Gmbh filed Critical Realeyes Gmbh
Publication of WO2012113938A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012113938A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/20—Bases for supporting the fuse; Separate parts thereof
    • H01H85/203—Bases for supporting the fuse; Separate parts thereof for fuses with blade type terminals
    • H01H85/2035—Bases for supporting the fuse; Separate parts thereof for fuses with blade type terminals for miniature fuses with parallel side contacts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
    • G02B3/0056—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses arranged along two different directions in a plane, e.g. honeycomb arrangement of lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
    • G02B3/0062—Stacked lens arrays, i.e. refractive surfaces arranged in at least two planes, without structurally separate optical elements in-between
    • G02B3/0068—Stacked lens arrays, i.e. refractive surfaces arranged in at least two planes, without structurally separate optical elements in-between arranged in a single integral body or plate, e.g. laminates or hybrid structures with other optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B35/00—Stereoscopic photography
    • G03B35/18—Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous viewing
    • G03B35/24—Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous viewing using apertured or refractive resolving means on screens or between screen and eye
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/40—Securing contact members in or to a base or case; Insulating of contact members
    • H01R13/42—Securing in a demountable manner
    • H01R13/428—Securing in a demountable manner by resilient locking means on the contact members; by locking means on resilient contact members
    • H01R13/432—Securing in a demountable manner by resilient locking means on the contact members; by locking means on resilient contact members by stamped-out resilient tongue snapping behind shoulder in base or case
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/44—Means for preventing access to live contacts
    • H01R13/447—Shutter or cover plate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R31/00—Coupling parts supported only by co-operation with counterpart
    • H01R31/08—Short-circuiting members for bridging contacts in a counterpart
    • H01R31/085—Short circuiting bus-strips
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/02—Soldered or welded connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/10—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation
    • H01R4/18—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping
    • H01R4/183—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping for cylindrical elongated bodies, e.g. cables having circular cross-section
    • H01R4/184—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping for cylindrical elongated bodies, e.g. cables having circular cross-section comprising a U-shaped wire-receiving portion
    • H01R4/185—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping for cylindrical elongated bodies, e.g. cables having circular cross-section comprising a U-shaped wire-receiving portion combined with a U-shaped insulation-receiving portion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055—Fusible members
    • H01H2085/0555—Input terminal connected to a plurality of output terminals, e.g. multielectrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/20—Bases for supporting the fuse; Separate parts thereof
    • H01H2085/2075—Junction box, having holders integrated with several other holders in a particular wiring layout
    • H01H2085/208—Junction box, having holders integrated with several other holders in a particular wiring layout specially adapted for vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/20—Bases for supporting the fuse; Separate parts thereof
    • H01H85/2045—Mounting means or insulating parts of the base, e.g. covers, casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/22—Intermediate or auxiliary parts for carrying, holding, or retaining fuse, co-operating with base or fixed holder, and removable therefrom for renewing the fuse

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a flat 3D display or components thereof.
  • it relates to a structure comprising at least one lens arrangement and at least one aperture arrangement for recording and / or reproducing three-dimensional real and / or virtual arrangements.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing such an arrangement.
  • a print is provided with a lens assembly, so that the viewer can view the pressure exclusively through the lens assembly.
  • These lenses are usually arranged as cylindrical lenses in the longitudinal direction over the entire length of the medium and, depending on the viewing angle, cause the observer to perceive different image information when viewed from different angles. With such an image, different effects, such as a person in different positions or other three-dimensional effects can be obtained or different images can be displayed from different angles.
  • a medium for reproducing three-dimensional arrangements and a method for its production are known, for example, from WO 2005/022255.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a robust, reliable and easy to set up arrangement, can be recorded and / or reproduced with the three-dimensional arrangements of real and / or virtual nature.
  • a view from a large angle range should be possible, especially to allow for large displays, a view from close. It should also be possible not only to see different two-dimensional images from a few discreet, different angles, but to view a three-dimensional image of an arrangement three-dimensionally from different directions.
  • An inventive structure for recording and / or reproducing three-dimensional real and / or virtual arrangements has at least one lens arrangement and at least one aperture arrangement, wherein the at least one aperture arrangement has adjacently arranged aperture recesses and in particular is plate-shaped.
  • the at least one lens arrangement, in particular a plate has juxtaposed lenses.
  • the lens arrangements and diaphragm arrangements are arranged one above the other in such a way that the lenses are aligned with the diaphragms, in particular their optical axes.
  • the lenses and diaphragms each have optical axes.
  • Optical axes are linear.
  • cylindrical lenses of known arrangements have no optical axes.
  • the apertures are of small size than the lenses.
  • the lens assembly and the diaphragm assembly are firmly connected.
  • the aperture arrangements and / or lens arrangements can be plates, in particular those made of plastic. For example, starting from plane and smooth plastic plates, surfaces can be changed so that lenses or diaphragms are formed.
  • such arrangements can also be produced by casting, in particular by injection molding.
  • the lenses and / or diaphragms in the lens or diaphragm arrangements are advantageously arranged symmetrically, in particular in a matrix form.
  • the lenses and / or diaphragms are arranged at crossing points of perpendicularly crossing and homogeneously distributed straight lines.
  • these straight lines extend in two mutually perpendicular directions, two groups of straight lines thus run parallel.
  • each lens-diaphragm combination with aligned optical axes can be assigned a separate area on a corresponding film.
  • the respective images, which are associated with the individual lens-diaphragm combination with aligned optical axes or are recorded via these, can differ from one another, in particular by a different viewing angle of the scene, which is in particular common to all images.
  • each image associated with the individual lens-diaphragm combination with aligned optical axes can be a complete representation of the scene, in particular common to all images, from a viewing angle.
  • This three-dimensional image impression is, for example, also perceptible by a one-eyed viewer.
  • Cylindrical lens prints for example, allow only unidirectional views or images, e.g. in a horizontal direction.
  • a projection of objects as a real image in front of the image plane and also the visualization of objects as a virtual image behind the image plane is also possible with this system. Cylindrical or striped lenses do not allow this.
  • DE 102008008232A1 discloses a specific method for exposing the individual images associated with the lens-diaphragm assemblies.
  • the plates that form the lens arrays can have elevations or depressions at the locations where lenses are to be formed, thus forming, for example, convex and / or concave lens surfaces.
  • Conceivable are also more complex shapes in which, for example, a circumferential, in particular annular recess is introduced and within the same a convex or concave lens surface is formed. It is also conceivable to form a columnar elevation and to provide a convex or concave lens surface on its end face.
  • Lenses and / or diaphragms are in the outer contour advantageously round, in particular circular.
  • a lens and its extent are defined by the extent of the concave and / or convex lens surfaces.
  • each lens is aligned with the apertures, that each lens is associated with at least one aperture.
  • each lens is assigned exactly one aperture and the aperture is designed so that it prevents light transmission between different lenses.
  • the diaphragm arrangements can, for example, be formed in such a way that, in particular, opaque or, for the corresponding light of the application, opaque material with recesses is formed as diaphragm recesses.
  • opaque material with recesses is formed as diaphragm recesses.
  • transparent material and form the aperture recesses so that light that passes through the associated lenses and hits the boundary of the aperture recess, is totally reflected.
  • the diaphragms have a certain thickness of in particular 100 to 1200 .mu.m, in particular from 300 to 900 .mu.m, in particular of 600 .mu.m. This allows a sharp separation of the individual lens-aperture combination and the associated areas on a film.
  • Aperture recesses can be generated for example by punching out of a plate or by injection molding in a corresponding form. It is not necessary that the aperture recesses are formed as vertical holes through a plate. Rather, it is sufficient if the aperture recesses have rising or falling sides and form at least one aperture recess in the middle. It is advantageous, in particular, if the diaphragm recess has a boundary which tapers circumferentially, in particular in the middle of the diaphragm thickness. As a result, a particularly sharp aperture can be formed.
  • connection of the lens and diaphragm assemblies is performed by ultrasonic welding.
  • Other compounds, for example by adhesives, are conceivable.
  • connection is produced by ultrasonic welding, it is advantageous to provide elevations, in particular welding mandrels, which at least partially, in particular terminally, melt by ultrasonic welding and form the connection.
  • elevations in particular welding mandrels, which at least partially, in particular terminally, melt by ultrasonic welding and form the connection.
  • areas of the arrangement to be welded to the welding mandrels which lie opposite the melting areas of the welding mandrels, also melt.
  • a connection is advantageously not carried out over the entire surface, in particular, no connection is made in the area of the lens surfaces.
  • spacing means are also provided which are slightly lower and larger in area than the welding mandrels, so that the welding mandrels partially melt during ultrasonic welding and ensure a connection, but the spacing is maintained by the spacing means.
  • the spacing means can also ensure a defined and uniform spacing of the lens and diaphragm arrangements in the case of a connection by gluing, so as to obtain in particular a predetermined optical beam path in the overall arrangement.
  • the welding mandrels themselves can also serve as spacing means, in that the size of the melting is controlled by the action of the ultrasound, and thus a defined distance can be maintained. This can be done by appropriate adjustment of ultrasonic frequency, amplitude, duration and the contact pressure between the layers to be welded.
  • a hot nozzle is provided in the middle of the arrangements, which has a diameter of in particular 0.5 to 1.5 mm, in particular of 1 mm.
  • the provision of the hot nozzle in the center of the assembly eliminates the separation of post-injection material residue from the edges of the assemblies, which, especially when multiple such assemblies are juxtaposed in a plane, will be disruptive and, as a rule, not sufficiently precise to remove become.
  • the diameter of the hot nozzle in the indicated area provides the ability to place it in a zone between the functional structures (e.g., and in particular the apertures).
  • lens arrangements or aperture arrangements can be joined together side by side.
  • the aperture arrangements have a thickness of 100-1200 .mu.m, in particular of 300-900 .mu.m, in particular of 600 .mu.m.
  • the lens assemblies have a thickness of 1 - 5 mm, in particular from 2 - 2.5 mm. With such lens arrangements, it is possible to form flat structures which can reliably fulfill the task.
  • the individual lenses or diaphragms have a center distance of advantageously 1 to 4 mm, in particular from 2 to 3 mm, in particular of 2 mm. With such a distance, sufficiently large lenses can be packed as closely as possible for the individual image, but also sufficiently small lenses for the resolution of the overall image, and thus realize the best possible imaging or recording.
  • the apertures advantageously have a diameter of 0.5 to 2 mm, preferably from 1 to 1.6 mm, in particular of 1.3 mm.
  • the lenses advantageously have a diameter of 1 to 3 mm, in particular 1, 5 to 2 mm, in particular of 1.8 mm.
  • the lens arrays or aperture arrangements are produced in credit card size and thus have an edge length of about 52 x 76 mm. In this case, advantageously 26 x 38 diaphragms or lenses are provided.
  • the structure according to the invention has, in particular on the lens arrangements and the diaphragm arrangements, centering means for aligned alignment.
  • the diaphragm assemblies thereby have centering elevations, such as e.g. in particular conically tapered pin, and the lens assemblies corresponding centering depressions.
  • conical and the aperture opening directed towards lens surfaces that are partially included in the aperture or its oblique boundary are adjustment tools.
  • the assembly can be made with a worse accuracy than is to be achieved in the assembly, since the lens assemblies and the diaphragm assemblies thereby center themselves when approaching, when a comparatively rough approach alignment is given. A finer centering can then be done by the actual centering.
  • the centering means are at least partially conical. As a result, they become a self-aligning adjustment aid and allow a comparatively inaccurate assembly with nevertheless high accuracy in the structure.
  • so many centering means are provided that the arrangement of the lens arrangements and aperture arrangements to be arranged is overdetermined.
  • at least some of the centering means in particular all arranged on one of the parts to be assembled centering, designed to be elastically deformable.
  • the Zentrierhebonne are designed to be elastically deformable and arranged with advantage total on one of the parts to be joined together, the or the other parts advantageously contain the Zentriersenkept.
  • At least eight, in particular exactly eight, centering elevations or eight center depressions are advantageously provided per aperture arrangement or lens arrangement.
  • two such elements per arrangement would be sufficient.
  • an arrangement with eight centering elements is significantly overdetermined. This leads to a particularly accurate alignment.
  • centering means are advantageous.
  • they also permit alignment and stabilization of the laterally adjacent diaphragm arrangements or lens arrangements arranged next to one another.
  • advantageously eight centering means per lens or diaphragm arrangement are provided. If the individual elements are arranged so that the layer of the lens arrangements is arranged offset laterally relative to the layer of the diaphragm arrangements, a reliable assembly and durable structure can be ensured thereby. In this case, in particular, a phase-shifted arrangement in both directions of the layers by half the edge length is advantageous.
  • spacing means are provided on the diaphragm arrangements and / or lens arrangements, in particular on both sides of the diaphragm arrangements.
  • a minimum distance between aperture arrangements and lens arrangements can be secured and maintained uniformly. If the arrangements are then pressed together, not only a minimum distance, but also a defined distance is ensured. This is advantageous, for example, for adjusting the optical distances.
  • a planar or parallel application of lens arrangements and aperture arrangements can be secured to one another.
  • Spacers can be realized by simple distance elevations or spacing mandrels.
  • the spacing means are in particular 10 to 20 microns, in particular 15 microns high. They can be provided in almost any arrangement on the individual lens arrangements and / or diaphragm arrangements and protrude in particular perpendicularly out of the plane of a lens or diaphragm arrangement, are in particular aligned parallel to the optical axes of the lenses or diaphragms.
  • an outer, in particular outer, lens arrangement according to claim 4 on its outwardly directed surface on concave lens surfaces is to be understood as meaning a lens arrangement which faces the viewer or the object to be recorded viewed from an adjacent aperture arrangement.
  • An external lens arrangement is one which represents the outer boundary of the structure to the viewer or object to be recorded.
  • any number of lens arrangements and diaphragm arrangements can be stacked one above the other and connected to one another.
  • an outer lens arrangement, in particular an outer lens arrangement advantageously has concave lens surfaces on its outwardly directed surface. This leads to a particularly advantageous imaging or reproduction.
  • a lens arrangement on the surface facing the diaphragm convex lens surfaces is particularly advantageous for the picture.
  • the convex lens surfaces may at least partially extend in obliquely into the depth of the diaphragm assembly into guided aperture edges. This allows a particularly space-saving design in which the lens arrangements partially extend into the diaphragm arrangements and already thereby a certain alignment and centering of the two arrangements can be achieved.
  • an inner lens arrangement in particular an innermost lens arrangement, according to claim 5 on an inwardly directed surface obliquely inclined, planar lens surfaces.
  • An inner lens arrangement is to be understood as meaning a lens arrangement which, viewed from an adjacent diaphragm arrangement, lies toward the film or away from the viewer or object to be recorded.
  • An innermost lens array is the lens array furthest from the viewer or object to be located on the film.
  • Such obliquely extending lens surfaces have the advantage that, in the case of bonding, it is possible in a simple manner to ensure an air-bubble-free adhesive bond at the location of the lenses.
  • adhesive reservoirs are advantageously provided between the individual lenses. In these reservoirs displaced adhesive can flow when pressing the inclined surfaces.
  • the adhesive should in this case have a refractive index corresponding to the material of the lens arrangement, or deviate from this refractive index by not more than 10%, preferably not more than 2%, in order not to obtain unwanted optical refraction at this interface.
  • An obliquely extending lens surface is to be understood as a lens surface which is inclined relative to the plane of the lens arrangement, in particular against a plane perpendicular to the optical axes of the lenses, and which in particular is inclined by more than 0 ° and less than 90 °, in particular by 25 ° to 65 ° can. They advantageously extend over a height of 20 to 100 ⁇ m, in particular over 40 to 60 ⁇ m, particularly preferably over 50 ⁇ m.
  • Such an arrangement can be realized in particular by initially columnar, in particular circular in cross-section, outstanding from a plate and then with an obliquely arranged straight lens surface final lenses. Adjacent adhesive reservoirs then form between the columnar elevations, into which the adhesive can be taken up after the displacement. Also, air bubbles are shifted into the reservoirs and can remain there without interfering with the imaging characteristics of the system.
  • Such an arrangement enables a particularly secure, air bubble-free and compact arrangement or application to a further material, for example a carrier material or a film.
  • the structure has two lens arrangements and a diaphragm arrangement.
  • the diaphragm arrangement is arranged between the lens arrangements.
  • lens arrangements according to claim 4 or claim 5 are provided.
  • the lens assemblies thus have convex lens surfaces towards the diaphragm, which advantageously project at least partially into the diaphragm arrangement.
  • an outwardly directed lens arrangement has an outer surface with concave lens surfaces.
  • the other lens arrangement, with its surface facing the film has obliquely inclined, straight lens surfaces. Such an arrangement is particularly space-saving, efficient and allows a good picture or playback.
  • Such an arrangement or such a structure can for example be applied to a film or initially a carrier substance or a carrier material.
  • the carrier substance or the carrier material for the light in particular visible, for which the structure is formed or used, transparent.
  • a plurality of lens arrangements are arranged laterally next to one another and a plurality of diaphragm arrangements are arranged laterally next to one another.
  • the lens arrangements are advantageously offset from the aperture arrangements.
  • Particularly preferred is an arrangement offset by half the edge length in each case in both directions of the lens arrangements or aperture arrangements. Such an arrangement allows a particularly high stability even between the individual layers, as well as a large-scale adherence to the grid positions by the lenses and diaphragms.
  • a structure according to claim 7, in particular a mutually offset structure is processed so that the aperture arrangements are shortened so that they form a flush outer edge of the structure with the lens arrays. If the aperture arrangements or lens arrangements are tiled or in particular arranged in two directions by half the edge length each out of phase, they are not flush with the same size.
  • more aperture arrangements are used than lens arrangements so that the aperture arrangements survive, and then shortened accordingly. This is advantageous because aperture arrangements can be shortened more easily and without disadvantages occurring later.
  • changes, such as deformations are less pronounced due to the shortening in the diaphragm arrangements than in the lens arrangements.
  • shutter assemblies are typically thinner and therefore easier to cut with less material loss.
  • adjacently arranged aperture arrangements according to claim 9 on adjacent side or end faces so formed structures that after joining the aperture arrangements, in particular with a remaining distance, in particular from 10 to 100 .mu.m, preferably 40-60 .mu.m, at the Filling no, in particular transversely to the plane of the diaphragm assembly, so parallel to the optical axes of the diaphragm extending, straight gap between the two half-spaces remains on both sides of the diaphragm assemblies. Then no light can pass between them at the joint line.
  • the side surfaces are formed stepwise. Also training as a tongue and groove or in a hook shape are conceivable, but more complex in terms of production technology. Such a design ensures a reliable diaphragm layer.
  • the steps are designed such that they have an edge parallel to the extension of the diaphragm arrangement, in particular parallel to the optical axes of the diaphragms, which extends over half the thickness of the diaphragm arrangement, in particular plus clearance, in particular 1-10 ⁇ m.
  • a perpendicular forward or return in particular with a length of 25 to 250 .mu.m, in particular from 80 to 120 .mu.m, in particular of 100 .mu.m, to.
  • an edge parallel to the first edge adjoins the remaining thickness of the diaphragm arrangement.
  • the nominal spacing between individual adjacently arranged aperture arrangements is advantageously 20 to 100 ⁇ m, in particular 40 to 60 ⁇ m, in particular 50 ⁇ m.
  • the nominal distance is achieved in the theoretical mean, but not necessarily maintained between individual diaphragm arrangements, since a deviation is just desired by the deformation of deformable centering means to compensate for production inaccuracies can.
  • An arrangement with the remaining distance is particularly advantageous in elastically deforming centering, since then caused by the elastic deformation caused movements of the individual arrangements against each other. This allows higher fault tolerances in a yet reliably joinable structure or display.
  • the structure is applied to a carrier plate.
  • the support plate is optically transparent to the corresponding light.
  • a film in particular a multilayer color film, in particular an inversely constructed multilayer color film, is arranged on the side of the carrier plate facing away from the lens arrangements.
  • the film carrier of the film is optically transparent.
  • a support plate can optionally be omitted and the film thus be connected directly to a lens assembly or aperture arrangement.
  • the lens arrangement with a surface on which it has obliquely oriented, evenly extending lens surfaces and in particular also adhesive reservoir, glued to a support plate or a film.
  • a carrier plate is used and the film in turn adhered to the carrier plate.
  • the film, in particular multi-layer color film is advantageously constructed inversely. Since a film directly connected to lens arrays and / or carrier plate and / or shutter assemblies can not usually be developed from the side from which it is exposed or viewed, it is particularly advantageous to arrange the film inversely in that the for blue sensitized layer closest to the substrate. Subsequently, the green-sensitized layer and subsequently the red-light-sensitized layer should be arranged.
  • the film has outer protective layers.
  • the adhesive used is one whose refractive index is equal to the refractive index of the adjacent lens array or deviates from this refractive index by less than 10%, preferably not more than 2%. This applies in particular to the obliquely extending lens surfaces according to claim 5. In this way, a planar contact surface combined can be formed from the oblique lens surface and the adhesive, so that no optical refraction takes place at the interface to which the lens arrangement is adhesively bonded. On other lens surfaces also adhesives with different refractive index can be used to achieve special refraction effects.
  • the achromats or apochromats can also include a carrier plate.
  • color magnification errors in exposure and viewing through the same structure are usually irrelevant and therefore need not be avoided or not corrected, since they cancel each other out during exposure and subsequent viewing.
  • At least one lens arrangement or at least the lenses of a lens arrangement are made of cycloolefin. This material has only a low dispersion.
  • the carrier plate made of polycarbonate and thus has a high dispersion.
  • the support plate acts as the light rays passing through it are convergent, like a light scattering lens. This achieves a color error correction.
  • an inventive structure is combined with an exposed film for viewing with a light box, that is used in such a light.
  • the film is advantageously illuminated from the side which faces away from the lens arrangements. This creates a glowing three-dimensional image.
  • the invention is also achieved by a method for producing a microstructure according to the invention, in which first several lens arrangements and a plurality of panel arrangements are produced. Subsequently, four diaphragm arrangements are arranged side by side flat, so that these diaphragm arrangement meet with one corner at a time. Subsequently, the lens assembly is applied so that its center comes to rest over said corners. This process is repeated or this arrangement is now extended to the sides. Before or afterwards, another lens arrangement can be placed analogously from the other side onto the diaphragm arrangement.
  • ultrasonic welding will take place either after each step of assembly or after several merging steps or at the end of assembly.
  • the structure thus formed is advantageously glued to a support plate.
  • a photosensitive film is applied to the other side of the support material.
  • the structure has a film, which is in particular unexposed. It is provided on the side facing away from the lens assembly of the aperture arrangement.
  • no optical elements in particular apart from filling and / or adhesive material, are not provided between the diaphragm arrangement and the film.
  • the particular optical film is in particular arranged so that it can be exposed through the lenses and diaphragms.
  • the film is exposed to form a rigid combination of lens assembly, shutter assembly, and film. As a result, shifting of the individual layers with one another after the exposure can be reliably prevented.
  • Fig. 1 is a plan view of a diaphragm assembly
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic overview of the structure of a structure during assembly
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic overview of the structure of a structure before assembly by ultrasonic welding.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic overview of the structure of the structure of Figure 3, but after assembly by ultrasonic welding.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic overview of the structure of a structure after assembly by gluing.
  • the aperture plate 1 shows a plan view of an aperture plate 1. Evident are arranged on two sides of steps 25.
  • the aperture plate 1 in the illustration is designed to be comparatively small and has only 4 x 4, ie 16 apertures 4.
  • the apertures are circular and have obliquely rising bevels 5 at their edges.
  • the diaphragm plate 1 also has alignment mandrels 23 and spacers 22.
  • steps 25 are also provided, but these run as recesses on the back, so that they are not visible in the plan.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic structure of a structure.
  • Dashed line lines of the corners of the lens plates are shown.
  • the lens plates are applied to the diaphragm plate 1 along the connecting lines.
  • a dividing line 27 which makes clear the supernatant of the aperture plate 1 and along which the aperture plates 1 are separated after joining the microstructure.
  • Fig. 3 shows a cross section through an inventive structure before joining.
  • An outer lens plate 2 is followed by an aperture plate 1 and an inner lens plate 3. These parts are approximated, but not yet final, and not yet joined together.
  • the outer lens plate 2 has outwardly directed concave lens surfaces 7 and facing the diaphragm plate 1 convex lens surfaces 8. Shown apertures 4 are limited by obliquely rising or falling bevels 5.
  • the outer lens plate 2 also has alignment recesses 24, which can cooperate with Ausrichtdornen 23 of the aperture plate 1.
  • the diaphragm plate 1 Versch saltdorne 26 which also act as a spacer 22, and ensure a minimum distance between the lens plate 2 and diaphragm plate 1.
  • the diaphragm plate 1 has a step 25. Adjoining the step 25 is another diaphragm plate 1 with its reciprocally oriented step 25.
  • the diaphragm plate 1 also has welding mandrels 26 which are directed towards the inner lens plate and which also act as spacers 22. In addition, the diaphragm plate 1 also directed to the inner lens plate 3 alignment mandrels 23. The inner lens plate 3 has alignment recesses 24.
  • the inner lens plate 3 has downwardly sloping, planar lens surfaces 9 on columnar extensions. In between there are adhesive reservoirs 11.
  • Fig. 4 shows a cross section through the structure of Figure 3, but after ultrasonic welding and together with a support plate 13 and a film 12.
  • the structure is composed of an outer lens plate 2, followed by a diaphragm plate 1 and an inner lens plate 3 and an adhesive layer 10 and backing plate 13. Adjacent thereto, the photosensitive film 12 is followed by a film backing 14, a leveling layer 15, a first protective layer 16, a blue sensitized layer 17, a green sensitized layer 18, a red sensitized layer 19, and a second layer Protective layer 20.
  • the outer lens plate 2 has directed to the aperture plate 1 convex lens surfaces 8, which partially protrude into apertures 4.
  • the alignment recesses 24 cooperate for alignment with alignment mandrels 23 of the diaphragm plate 1.
  • the lens plates 2, 3 are connected to the diaphragm plate 1 by welds 21 ensuring a predetermined distance.
  • the oblique, planar lens surfaces 9 on columnar extensions of the inner lens plate 3 point towards the carrier plate 14. In between are the adhesive reservoirs 11.
  • the inner lens plate 3 is glued to the carrier plate 14 through the adhesive layer 10.
  • Fig. 5 shows a cross section through a bonded structure.
  • the structure is composed of an outer lens plate 2, followed by a diaphragm plate 1 and an inner lens plate 3 and an adhesive layer 10 and support plate 13. Adjacent thereto, the photosensitive film 12 follows with a film carrier 14, a leveling layer 15, a first protective layer 16, a for blue light sensitized layer 17, a green-sensitized layer 18, a red-sensitized layer 19 and a second protective layer 20.
  • the adhesive between the outer lens plate 2, aperture plate 1 and inner lens plate 3 is not shown for clarity.
  • the outer lens plate 2 has outwardly directed concave lens surfaces 7 and facing the diaphragm plate 1 convex lens surfaces 8, which partially protrude into apertures 4.
  • the apertures 4 are limited by obliquely rising or falling bevels 5.
  • the outer lens plate 2 also has alignment recesses 24 which cooperate with Ausrichtdornen 23 of the aperture plate 1.
  • the diaphragm plate 1 spacers 22 which ensure a minimum distance between the lens plate 2 and diaphragm plate 1.
  • the diaphragm plate 1 has a step 25. Adjoining the step 25 is another diaphragm plate 1 with its reciprocally oriented step 25.
  • the diaphragm plate 1 also has spacers 22 directed towards the inner lens plate.
  • the diaphragm plate 1 also directed to the inner lens plate 3 alignment mandrels 23.
  • the inner lens plate 3 has alignment recesses 24.
  • the inner lens plate 3 has the support plate 14 towards oblique, planar lens surfaces 9 on columnar extensions. In between there are adhesive reservoirs 11. The inner lens plate 3 is glued to the carrier plate 14 through the adhesive layer 10.

Abstract

L'invention vise à proposer un système robuste, fiable et de structure simple qui permette d'enregistrer et/ou de reproduire des ensembles tridimensionnels, par exemple de nature réelle et/ou virtuelle, et vise à permettre une observation à partir d'une grande plage angulaire, en particulier afin de rendre possible une observation proche même sur de grands écrans. Cet objectif est atteint par une structure constituée d'au moins un système de lentilles (2, 3) et d'au moins un système de diaphragmes (1) pour l'enregistrement et/ou la reproduction d'ensembles tridimensionnels réels et/ou virtuels, le ou les systèmes de diaphragmes (1) présentant des ouvertures de diaphragme (4), en particulier des fenêtres de diaphragme, agencées les unes à côté des autres, et étant en particulier une plaque, et le ou les systèmes de lentilles (2, 3) présentant des lentilles (6) agencées les unes à côté des autres, et étant en particulier une plaque. Le système est caractérisé en ce que les lentilles (6) et les ouvertures de diaphragme (4) présentent respectivement un axe optique et le ou les systèmes de lentilles (2, 3) et le ou les systèmes de diaphragmes (1) sont agencés l'un au-dessus de l'autre, et en particulier à distance l'un de l'autre, de telle manière que les axes optiques des lentilles (6) et des ouvertures de diaphragme (4) soient alignés et que le système de lentilles (2, 3) et le système de diaphragmes (1) soient reliés fixement l'un à l'autre.
PCT/EP2012/053236 2011-02-25 2012-02-27 Unité d'affichage plate 3d WO2012113938A1 (fr)

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DE202011000947.7 2011-02-25
DE201110000947 DE102011000947A1 (de) 2011-02-25 2011-02-25 Flache 3D-Displayeinheit

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DE102018108631A1 (de) * 2018-04-11 2019-10-17 Sick Ag Entfernungsmessender Sensor

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DE102017210762A1 (de) 2017-06-27 2018-12-27 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Beleuchtungsvorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug

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WO2005022255A2 (fr) 2003-08-30 2005-03-10 Felix Von Laffert-Kobylinski Procede de fabrication d'un support pour la reproduction d'une representation en trois dimensions
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DE69222695T2 (de) 1991-06-27 1998-05-07 Eastman Kodak Co Autostereoskopisches Fotografie-System mit elektronisch interpolierten Bildern
EP1070972A2 (fr) * 1999-07-19 2001-01-24 Eastman Kodak Company Ensemble optique et méthode de fabrication des systèmes de lentilles
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WO2005022255A2 (fr) 2003-08-30 2005-03-10 Felix Von Laffert-Kobylinski Procede de fabrication d'un support pour la reproduction d'une representation en trois dimensions
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JPWO2015087818A1 (ja) * 2013-12-14 2017-03-16 コニカミノルタ株式会社 積層型レンズアレイユニット及び撮像装置
DE102018108631A1 (de) * 2018-04-11 2019-10-17 Sick Ag Entfernungsmessender Sensor

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