WO2012113322A1 - 天线装置及移动终端 - Google Patents

天线装置及移动终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012113322A1
WO2012113322A1 PCT/CN2012/071380 CN2012071380W WO2012113322A1 WO 2012113322 A1 WO2012113322 A1 WO 2012113322A1 CN 2012071380 W CN2012071380 W CN 2012071380W WO 2012113322 A1 WO2012113322 A1 WO 2012113322A1
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antenna device
solar panel
carbon nanotube
nanotube film
carbon nanotubes
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French (fr)
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孙玮
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ZTE Corp
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ZTE Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/30—Coatings
    • H10F77/306—Coatings for devices having potential barriers
    • H10F77/311—Coatings for devices having potential barriers for photovoltaic cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y10/00—Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F10/00—Individual photovoltaic cells, e.g. solar cells
    • H10F10/10—Individual photovoltaic cells, e.g. solar cells having potential barriers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/20—Carbon compounds, e.g. carbon nanotubes or fullerenes
    • H10K85/221—Carbon nanotubes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular to an antenna device and a mobile terminal.
  • materials of solar panels such as changes in silicon materials themselves, or adding other elements to form composite materials, or improving the surface structure of solar panels themselves.
  • the prior art improves the utilization rate of solar energy by improving the light receiving efficiency, but the requirements for the silicon material and the silicon composite material are high, and the silicon material itself also has Your own bottleneck, in this case, it has been difficult to make improvements.
  • an antenna device comprising: a solar panel; and at least one carbon nanotube film formed of carbon nanotubes covering the surface of the solar panel.
  • all the carbon nanotubes in each of the carbon nanotube films form a symmetrical vibrator, and the symmetrical vibrator is composed of two carbon nanotubes and a feedback gap, and the two carbon nanotubes are related to the feedback.
  • the gap is mirror symmetrical.
  • all of the symmetric vibrators are arranged in an array.
  • the magnitude of the feedback gap is determined according to the wavelength of the light wave to be absorbed.
  • the symmetric vibrator is a butterfly structure.
  • a plasmon SPP film is disposed between the solar panel and the carbon nanotube film.
  • the surface of the solar panel is covered with the carbon nanotube film prepared from the carbon nanotubes, and the wavelength range of the absorbable light wave is expanded, thereby solving the problem that the ordinary solar panel greatly reduces the receiving efficiency of the solar panel without sunlight.
  • the problem of the problem does not take into account the influence of weather and night on the absorption of light energy, and continues to absorb light energy without sunshine, achieving more energy accumulation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an antenna device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a symmetric vibrator according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a microscopic picture of a symmetric vibrator in an embodiment of the present invention
  • 4 is a picture of a carbon nanotube film in an embodiment of the present invention under an electron microscope.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes: a solar panel 12; and at least one layer covering the surface of the solar panel is prepared from carbon nanotubes.
  • the carbon nanotube film 16 is formed.
  • a layer of plasmon (Surface Plasmon Polariton, SPP for short) film 14 may be further disposed between the solar panel 12 and the carbon nanotube film 16. After the light is irradiated on the carbon nanotube film 16, the SPP can be generated on the SPP film 14.
  • the SPP wavelength is small, and a part of the SPP penetrates into the other side of the carbon nanotube film 16 due to the tunneling effect.
  • the SPP of the upper and lower surfaces of the carbon nanotube film 16 can be overlapped to achieve resonance enhancement.
  • the carbon nanotube film 16 can be prepared by a plurality of methods.
  • the carbon nanotube film 16 can be prepared by a hydrogen-free chemical vapor deposition method which is widely used at present, and a multi-temperature zone horizontal reactor is used.
  • Nanotubes that is, the preparation of the carbon nanotube film 16 is achieved.
  • all of the carbon nanotubes in each layer of the carbon nanotube film form a symmetric vibrator.
  • the shape of the carbon nanotubes is generally similar to a trapezoid or a triangle.
  • the symmetric vibrator is composed of two carbon nanotubes 162 and a feedback gap 164.
  • the carbon nanotubes 162 are mirror symmetrical with respect to the feedback gap 164.
  • the size of the feedback gap 164 may be set according to actual design requirements, that is, according to the wavelength of the light wave to be absorbed by the solar panel.
  • FIG. 3 is a picture of a symmetric vibrator taken under a microscope in actual use.
  • the structural array of the carbon nanotube film 16 adopts a symmetrical vibrator as a butterfly structure.
  • the symmetrical vibrator in a single butterfly structure is composed of two widths of 45 nm and a length of 200.
  • a carbon nanotube 162 of -400 nm is formed, and a feedback gap 164 of about 20 nm is wide between the two carbon nanotubes 162.
  • the wavelength of the receivable light wave can reach the wavelength range of the infrared light, and can be focused to 5 nm when the light passes through the feedback gap 164.
  • Light spot Due to the optical properties of the carbon nanotubes 162, atomic ionization can occur and plasmon SPP resonance occurs, so that the resonance effect generates strong free electron collective oscillation at the edge of the feedback gap 164, and the feedback gap 164 is small, resulting in electrostatic coupling. Strong, thus gaining huge field enhancements. Therefore, the carbon nanotube film 16 based on this structure covers the solar panel 12 to successfully receive the infrared rays and accumulates the energy of all the light waves.
  • each layer of the carbon nanotube film 16 is arranged in an array of symmetrical vibrators. As shown in FIG. 4, the symmetrical vibrators of the carbon nanotube film under the electron microscope are arranged in an array. Since the wavelength band of the conventional solar panel 12 receiving light waves is mostly in the visible band, it can only receive visible light during the day. When it is cloudy and rainy, especially at night, the solar panel 12 hardly works, and the conversion efficiency is due to the weather. The change, and the efficiency has been low, the current photoelectric conversion efficiency is mostly around 15%.
  • the solar panel 12 can receive a large amount of infrared energy both day and night, and greatly improve the conversion efficiency of the solar energy.
  • the light energy receiving range of the solar panel with the infrared ray-receiving carbon nanotube film designed according to the requirements is observed by the following experiment.
  • the experimental product is the same batch and the same size provided by the same manufacturer.
  • the above antenna device can be applied to many technical fields.
  • a mobile terminal is provided, and the antenna device is applied to the mobile terminal, so that the mobile terminal can receive a light wave having a relatively large wavelength range under the action of the antenna device. It is then converted into electrical energy.
  • the surface of the solar panel is covered with the carbon nanotube film prepared from the carbon nanotubes, and the wavelength range of the absorbable light wave is expanded, thereby solving the problem that the ordinary solar panel is not In the case of sunshine, the problem of the receiving efficiency of the solar panel is greatly reduced, and the factors such as the influence of the weather and the absorption of light energy at night are not taken into consideration, and the light energy is continuously absorbed without sunlight, and more energy is achieved.
  • the effect of accumulation Obviously, those skilled in the art should understand that the above modules or steps of the present invention can be implemented by a general-purpose computing device, which can be concentrated on a single computing device or distributed over a network composed of multiple computing devices.
  • the computing device may be implemented by program code executable by the computing device, such that they may be stored in the storage device by the computing device and, in some cases, may be different from the order herein.
  • the steps shown or described are performed, or they are separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or a plurality of modules or steps are fabricated as a single integrated circuit module.
  • the invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
  • the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Description

天线装置及移动终端 技术领域 本发明涉及通信领域， 具体而言， 涉及一种天线装置及移动终端。 背景技术 目前， 为了提高太阳能的利用， 现有技术主要是对太阳能面板的材料做研究和开 发， 比如硅材料本身的变化， 或者添加其他元素组成复合材料， 或者对太阳能面板本 身的表面结构做改进， 以减少光的反射， 提高光接收效率， 可见， 现有技术都是通过 提高光接收效率来提高太阳能的利用率，可是这对硅材料以及硅复合材料的要求很高， 而且硅材料本身也有自己的瓶颈， 这种情况下， 已经很难做出改进。 普通的太阳能面 板一般只能接收太阳光中可见光的能量， 而对于波长在可见光波长范围之外的太阳光 则不能接收， 比如， 对宇宙中、 地球地表辐射等亚波长尺度的光能则不能接收。 针对相关技术中普通太阳能面板只能接收太阳可见光， 在没有日照的情况下极大 降低了太阳能面板的接收效率问题， 目前尚未提出有效的解决方案。 发明内容 本发明提供一种天线装置及移动终端， 以至少解决上述问题。 根据本发明的一个方面， 提供了一种天线装置， 包括： 太阳能面板； 以及覆盖于 所述太阳能面板表面的至少一层由碳纳米管制备成的碳纳米管薄膜。 优选地， 每层所述碳纳米管薄膜中的所有碳纳米管两两组成一个对称振子， 所述 对称振子由两个碳纳米管和反馈间隙构成， 两个所述碳纳米管关于所述反馈间隙镜像 对称。 优选地， 每层所述碳纳米管薄膜中， 所有对称振子成阵列排列。 优选地， 所述反馈间隙的大小根据需要吸收的光波的波长确定。 优选地， 所述对称振子为蝶形结构。 优选地，所述太阳能面板和所述碳纳米管薄膜终之间设置有等离子激元 SPP薄膜。 根据本发明的另一方面， 提供了一种移动终端， 该移动终端包括上述天线装置。 通过本发明， 采用在太阳能面板表面覆盖由碳纳米管制备成的碳纳米管薄膜， 扩 大可吸收光波的波长范围， 解决了普通太阳能面板在没有日照的情况下极大降低了太 阳能面板的接收效率问题的问题， 进而达到了不用考虑天气和夜晚对光能吸收的影响 等因素， 在没有日照的情况下继续吸收光能， 达到更多的能量积累的效果。 附图说明 此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解， 构成本申请的一部分， 本发 明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明， 并不构成对本发明的不当限定。 在附图 中： 图 1是根据本发明的天线装置结构示意图； 图 2是根据本发明实施例的对称振子的结构示意图； 图 3是本发明实施例中的对称振子的在显微镜下的图片； 图 4是本发明实施例中的碳纳米管薄膜在电子显微镜下的图片。 具体实施方式 下文中将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。 需要说明的是， 在不冲突的 情况下， 本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。 如图 1所示， 图 1是根据本发明实施例的天线装置结构示意图， 本发明实施例提 供的天线装置主要包括： 太阳能面板 12; 以及覆盖于太阳能面板表面的至少一层由碳 纳米管制备成的碳纳米管薄膜 16。 为了增强光能的吸收， 可以在太阳能面板 12和碳纳米管薄膜 16之间还设置一层 等离子激元 （Surface Plasmon Polariton, 简称为 SPP) 薄膜 14。 光照射在碳纳米管薄 膜 16后能够激起 SPP薄膜 14上产生 SPP， 这些 SPP波长较小， 其中的一部分 SPP会 因为隧道效应穿透到碳纳米管薄膜 16的另一面， 当碳纳米管薄膜 16做的足够薄的时 候， 碳纳米管薄膜 16上下表面的 SPP能够发生重叠而实现共振加强。 因此， 可以通 过改变碳纳米管表面结构， 可以控制 SPP膜的特性， 特别是和光的相互作用， 从而可 以达到接收亚波长的光波， 增加可接收光波的波长范围， 提高能量的吸收。 在具体实施方式中， 碳纳米管薄膜 16的制备可以采用许多方法， 例如， 可以采用 目前广泛应用的无氢化学汽相淀积法来制备碳纳米管薄膜 16， 采用多温区卧式反应 炉， 以 Φ3 η的石英管为反应室， 氮气为载气， 乙炔为碳源， 二茂铁为催化剂， 氮气 的流量为 100〜300mL/min，乙炔的流量为 40〜100mL/min，反应温度为 700〜800°C， 在 700°C通过改变氮气的流量、 乙炔的流量和二茂铁三者之间的比例关系， 在催化剂 的量和碳源的流量的比为 lg: 100mL I min左右， 载气和碳源的流量比为 N2:C2H2 = 2: 1 到 4: 1， 气体的总流量不超过 300mL / min的条件下就可以在以材质较软的塑料薄 板上生长出排列整齐的碳纳米管， 即实现了碳纳米管薄膜 16的制备。 在本发明实施例的一个优选实施方式中， 每层碳纳米管薄膜中的所有碳纳米管两 两组成一个对称振子。 在实际应用中， 碳纳米管的形状一般类似梯形或三角形， 如图 2所示， 在本发明 实施例的一个优选实施方式中， 对称振子由两个碳纳米管 162和反馈间隙 164构成， 两个碳纳米管 162关于反馈间隙 164镜像对称。 其中， 反馈间隙 164的大小可以根据 实际的设计需要， 即： 根据太阳能面板需要吸收的光波的波长而具体设定， 例如， 在 需要进行短波长的光波接收时， 可将反馈间隙 164设定为更小的值， 在需要进行长波 长的光波接收时， 可将反馈间隙 164设定为更大的值。 图 3为实际使用中在显微镜下 拍摄的对称振子的图片。 在本发明提供的优选实施例中，碳纳米管薄膜 16的结构阵列所采用对称振子为蝶 形结构， 请参见图 3， 这种呈单个蝶形结构的对称振子由两个宽 45nm， 长 200-400nm 的碳纳米管 162构成，两个碳纳米管 162之间有约 20nm宽的反馈间隙 164，可接收光 波的波长可以达到红外线的波长范围， 当光通过该反馈间隙 164时可聚焦成 5nm的光 斑。 由于碳纳米管 162的光学特性， 能造成原子电离并产生等离子激元 SPP共振， 从 而共振效应在反馈间隙 164的边缘产生强的自由电子集体振荡， 又由于反馈间隙 164 很小， 导致静电耦合很强， 从而获得巨大的场增强。 所以， 基于这种结构的碳纳米管 薄膜 16覆盖在太阳能面板 12就能成功接收到红外线， 并积聚所有光波的能量。 在本发明实施例的另一个优选实施方式中，每一层碳纳米管薄膜 16对称振子呈阵 列排列， 如图 4所示， 在电子显微镜下的碳纳米管薄膜的各个对称振子呈阵列排列。 由于传统的太阳能面板 12接收光波的波段大多是位于可见波段，只能接收白天的 可见光， 当在多云阴雨天气时， 尤其是夜晚， 这种太阳能面板 12就几乎不起作用了， 转换效率因天气而变， 而且效率一直较低， 目前光电转化效率大多在 15%左右。 添加 了本发明实施例提供的可以接收红外线的碳纳米管薄膜之后，太阳能面板 12无论白天 还是黑夜都可以接收大量的红外线能量， 大幅度提高太阳能的转化效率。 在实际应用中， 通过以下实验来观测增加了根据要求设计而成的可接收红外线的 碳纳米管薄膜的太阳能面板的光能量接收范围， 实验用品是同一厂家提供的同批次、 同尺寸的两块太阳能面板，将其中的一块增加碳纳米管薄膜， 而另一块不做任何变化。 选择 3种天气情况作对比实验， 下面是实验数据列表，
Figure imgf000006_0001
Figure imgf000006_0002
实验数据如表所示， 输出功率为： P= ISCxUo， 在夜间， 无碳纳米管薄膜的太阳能 面板的功率 Pl=3.346x l0-5 mW，证明红外线的能量在普通的太阳能面板上是几乎无法 接收到的， 而添加了碳纳米管薄膜之后， P2=216.13mW， 太阳能面板对接收红外线的 效果显著； 在天气晴朗的情况下， 没有云层对可见光的阻碍， 普通的太阳能面板所得 的是仅仅只有可见光范围的光波能量； 在阴雨天， 云层对可见光有很大影响， 这是因 为可见光的波长比红外线的短， 穿透能力较弱， 在阴雨天气情况下， 可见光很难透过 云层到达太阳能面板上， 但是红外线的其中一个特性就是穿透云层能力强， 所以在阴 雨天基本不受影响； 在夜间， 几乎没有可见光的光波， 而在这时红外线的光波依然能 被添加有碳纳米管薄膜的太阳能面板所接收到。 在实际应用中， 可将上述天线装置应用到很多技术领域。 根据本发明实施例的另 一个方面， 提供了一种移动终端， 在该移动终端上应用了上述的天线装置， 使移动终 端在所述天线装置的作用下同样可以接收波长范围较大的光波， 进而转化成电能。 从以上的描述中， 可以看出， 在本发明实施例中， 采用在太阳能面板表面覆盖由 碳纳米管制备成的碳纳米管薄膜， 扩大可吸收光波的波长范围， 解决了普通太阳能面 板在没有日照的情况下极大降低了太阳能面板的接收效率问题的问题， 进而达到了不 用考虑天气和夜晚对光能吸收的影响等因素， 在没有日照的情况下继续吸收光能， 达 到更多的能量积累的效果。 显然， 本领域的技术人员应该明白， 上述的本发明的各模块或各步骤可以用通用 的计算装置来实现， 它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上， 或者分布在多个计算装置所 组成的网络上， 可选地， 它们可以用计算装置可执行的程序代码来实现， 从而， 可以 将它们存储在存储装置中由计算装置来执行， 并且在某些情况下， 可以以不同于此处 的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤， 或者将它们分别制作成各个集成电路模块， 或者将 它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。 这样， 本发明不限制于任 何特定的硬件和软件结合。 以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已， 并不用于限制本发明， 对于本领域的技 术人员来说， 本发明可以有各种更改和变化。 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内， 所作的 任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等， 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种天线装置， 包括：
太阳能面板； 以及
覆盖于所述太阳能面板表面的至少一层由碳纳米管制备成的碳纳米管薄 膜。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的天线装置， 其中， 每层所述碳纳米管薄膜中的所有碳纳 米管两两组成一个对称振子， 所述对称振子由两个碳纳米管和反馈间隙构成， 两个所述碳纳米管关于所述反馈间隙镜像对称。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的天线装置， 其中， 每层所述碳纳米管薄膜中， 所有对称 振子成阵列排列。
4. 根据权利要求 2所述的天线装置， 其中， 所述反馈间隙的大小根据需要吸收的 光波的波长确定。
5. 根据权利要求 2所述的天线装置， 其中， 所述对称振子为蝶形结构。
6. 根据权利要求 1至 4中任一项所述的天线装置， 其中， 所述太阳能面板和所述 碳纳米管薄膜终之间设置有等离子激元 SPP薄膜。
7. 一种移动终端， 包括权利要求 1至 6中任一项所述的天线装置。
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