WO2012071520A2 - Fungicidal compositions and methods - Google Patents
Fungicidal compositions and methods Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012071520A2 WO2012071520A2 PCT/US2011/062053 US2011062053W WO2012071520A2 WO 2012071520 A2 WO2012071520 A2 WO 2012071520A2 US 2011062053 W US2011062053 W US 2011062053W WO 2012071520 A2 WO2012071520 A2 WO 2012071520A2
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- seed
- haloalkyl
- group
- alkyl
- halogen
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- 0 *c1cnc(CCNC(c2c(*)cccc2)=O)c(*)c1 Chemical compound *c1cnc(CCNC(c2c(*)cccc2)=O)c(*)c1 0.000 description 1
- KVDJTXBXMWJJEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=C(c1ccccc1C(F)(F)F)NCCc1ncc(C(F)(F)F)cc1Cl Chemical compound O=C(c1ccccc1C(F)(F)F)NCCc1ncc(C(F)(F)F)cc1Cl KVDJTXBXMWJJEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/22—Bacillus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/50—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids the nitrogen atom being doubly bound to the carbon skeleton
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring
Definitions
- the present invention relates to methods and compositions for preventing, treating, and/ or ameliorating fungal diseases and/ or nematodes in plants via application to plant roots, seed, and/ or soil of at least one pyridinyl ethylbenzamide derivative.
- SDS Sudden death syndrome of soybean (Glycine max) is one of the most economically devastating plant diseases in the United States. It is among the top yield-destroying soybean diseases, with average losses exceeding $190 million per year. Yield losses are commonly between 20% and 50%, and yield losses of 100% have been reported in heavily-infested areas.
- SDS is reportedly caused by the soilborne fungus Fusanum solani f. sp. glycines, also known as Fusanum virguliforme, while in South America SDS appears to be caused by Fusarium tucumaniae.
- Fusanum solani f. sp. glycines also known as Fusanum virguliforme
- Fusanum virguliforme also known as Fusanum virguliforme
- symptoms When symptoms first appear in a field, they may be localized to a few small areas— often those that are wet or compacted, such as turn rows. Symptomatic areas may expand over the subsequent weeks, and non-adjacent areas in the field may also exhibit symptoms. Because the Fusarium fungus can overwinter in soil, areas of a field that show symptoms of the disease often grow larger with each growing season.
- corn (maize) may be a host for the Fusarium pathogen, as it reportedly survives on corn kernels and other corn debris. Severe SDS has been reported in corn/ soybean rotation fields where no SDS was observed previously. Presumably, Fusarium survives the winter as chlamydospores in the crop residue or freely in the soil. Chlamydospores can withstand wide soil temperature fluctuations (including freezing) and resist desiccation. As soil temperatures rise in the spring, chlamydospores near soybean roots are stimulated to germinate, then infect soybean roots.
- SCN soybean cyst nematode
- SDS may include: susceptibility of particular soybean varieties; cool, damp conditions; early planting time; seed quality; soil compaction; and genetic diversity within the Fusarium virguliforme genome itself.
- a method for reducing the occurrence of sudden death syndrome comprising applying an effective amount of a composition comprising a compound of general formula ( ⁇ ):
- p is an integer equal to 1, 2, 3 or 4;
- q is an integer equal to 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5;
- each X is independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, and haloalkyl, provided that at least one X is a haloalkyl;
- each Y is independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, amino, phenoxy, alkylthio, dialkylamino, acyl, cyano, ester, hydroxyl, aminoalkyl, benzyl, haloalkoxy, halosulfonyl, halothioalkyl, alkoxyalkenyl,
- alkylsulfonamide nitro, alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, and benzylsulfonyl.
- p is 2.
- q is 1 or 2
- the substituent(s) Y is/ are positioned in the ortho position of the benzene ring.
- the compound corresponds to general formula ( ⁇ ):
- X 1 and X 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, and haloalkyl, provided that at least one of X 1 and X 2 is a haloalkyl;
- Y 1 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, amino, phenoxy, alkylthio, dialkylamino, acyl, cyano, ester, hydroxyl, aminoalkyl, benzyl, haloalkoxy, halosulfonyl, halothioalkyl, alkoxyalkenyl, alkylsulfonamide, nitro, alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, and benzylsulfonyl.
- the compound is N- ⁇ 2-[3-cHoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2- pyridinyl] ethyl ⁇ -2-trifluoromethylbenzamide, which corresponds to formula (!'):
- the applying is to a soybean seed, a soybean root, a soybean plant, or to soil in which soybean is growing or in which it is desired to grow, or a combination thereof.
- the applying is to a corn seed, a corn root, a corn plant, or to soil in which corn is growing or in which it is desired to grow, or a combination thereof.
- reducing the occurrence comprises reducing mean disease severity compared to seed, plants, or plant roots not treated with a compound of general formula ( ⁇ ).
- reducing the occurrence comprises reducing mean disease incidence compared to seed, plants, or plant roots not treated with a compound of general formula (I).
- reducing the occurrence comprises reducing mean defoliation compared to seed, plants, or plant roots not treated with a compound of general formula ( ⁇ ). In one aspect, reducing the occurrence comprises increasing yield as compared to seed, plants, or roots not treated with a compound of general formula ( ⁇ ).
- a method for reducing the occurrence of phytopathogenic fungi comprising applying an effective amount of a composition comprising a compound of the general formula ⁇ ):
- p is an integer equal to 1, 2, 3 or 4
- q is an integer equal to 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5;
- each X is independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, and haloalkyl, provided that at least one X is a haloalkyl;
- each Y is independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, amino, phenoxy, alkylthio, dialkylamino, acyl, cyano, ester, hydroxyl, aminoalkyl, benzyl, haloalkoxy, halosulfonyl, halothioalkyl, alkoxyalkenyl, alkylsulfonamide, nitro, alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, and benzylsulfonyl.
- p is 2.
- q is 1 or 2
- the substituent(s) Y is/ are positioned in the ortho position of the benzene ring.
- the compound corresponds to the general formula ( ⁇ ):
- X 1 and X 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, and haloalkyl, provided that at least one of X 1 and X 2 is a haloalkyl;
- Y 1 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, amino, phenoxy, alkylthio, dialkylamino, acyl, cyano, ester, hydroxyl, aminoalkyl, benzyl, haloalkoxy, halosulfonyl, halothioalkyl, alkoxyalkenyl, alkylsulfonamide, nitro, alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, and benzylsulfonyl.
- the compound is JV- ⁇ 2-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2- pyridinyl] ethyl ⁇ -2-trifluoromethylbenzamide, which corresponds to formula (I'"):
- the applying is to a soybean seed, a soybean root, a soybean plant, or to soil in which soybean is growing or in which it is desired to grow, or a combination thereof.
- the applying is to a corn seed, a corn root, a corn plant, or to soil in which corn is growing or in which it is desired to grow, or a combination thereof.
- reducing the occurrence comprises reducing mean disease severity compared to seed, plants, or plant roots not treated with a compound of general formula ( ⁇ ).
- reducing the occurrence comprises reducing mean disease incidence compared to seed, plants, or plant roots not treated with a compound of general formula (I).
- reducing the occurrence comprises reducing mean defoliation compared to seed, plants, or plant roots not treated with a compound of general formula ( ⁇ ). In one aspect, reducing the occurrence comprises increasing yield as compared to seed, plants, or roots not treated with a compound of general formula ( ⁇ ).
- a soybean seed comprising an effective amount of a composition comprising a com ound of the general formula (I):
- p is an integer equal to 1, 2, 3 or 4;
- q is an integer equal to 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5;
- each X is independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, and haloalkyl, provided that at least one X is a haloalkyl;
- each Y is independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, amino, phenoxy, alkylthio, dialkylamino, acyl, cyano, ester, hydroxyl, aminoalkyl, benzyl, haloalkoxy, halosulfonyl, halothioalkyl, alkoxyalkenyl, alkylsulfonamide, nitro, alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, and benzylsulfonyl.
- p is 2.
- q is 1 or 2
- the substituent(s) Y is/ are positioned in the ortho position of the benzene ring.
- the compound corresponds to the general formula ( ⁇ ):
- X 1 and X 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, and haloalkyl, provided that at least one of X 1 and X 2 is a haloalkyl;
- Y 1 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, amino, phenoxy, alkylthio, dialkylamino, acyl, cyano, ester, hydroxyl, aminoalkyl, benzyl, haloalkoxy, halosulfonyl, halothioalkyl, alkoxyalkenyl, alkylsulfonamide, nitro, alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, and benzylsulfonyl.
- the compound is JV- ⁇ 2-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2- pyridinyl] ethyl ⁇ -2-trifluoromethylbenzamide and corresponds to formula (I'"):
- FIG. 1 shows disease incidence in soybean plants grown from seeds exposed to various treatment regimens.
- FIG. 2 shows disease severity in soybean plants grown from seeds exposed to various treatment regimens.
- FIG. 3 shows the vigor of soybean plants grown from seeds exposed to various treatment regimens.
- FIG. 4 shows the change in count density, versus control, of soybean plants grown from seeds exposed to various treatment regimens.
- FIG. 5 shows the degree of defoliation in soybean plants grown from seeds exposed to various treatment regimens.
- FIG. 6 shows percent yield, versus control, from soybean plants grown from seeds exposed to various treatment regimens.
- any numerical range recited herein is intended to include all sub-ranges subsumed therein.
- a range of 1" to 10" is intended to include all sub-ranges between and including the recited minimum value of 1 and the recited maximum value of 10, that is, having a minimum value equal to or greater than 1 and a maximum value of equal to or less than 10.
- the phrase "effective amount" as used herein is intended to refer to an amount of composition according to the instant disclosure which is sufficient to reduce the occurrence of sudden death syndrome. Such an amount can vary within a wide range depending on the fungus to be controlled, the type of plant, the climatic conditions, and the compounds included in the composition according to the instant disclosure.
- the term "plant” is intended to refer to any part of a plant (e.g., roots, foliage, shoot) as well as trees, shrubbery, flowers, and grasses.
- seed is intended to include seeds, tubers, tuber pieces, bulbs, and the like, or parts thereof from which a plant is grown.
- Halogen means chlorine, bromine, iodine or fluorine
- Alkyl means a straight or branched, and in general, saturated hydrocarbon radical having from one to the number of carbon atoms designated, for example O-Cs alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, 1 -methylethyl, butyl, 1 -methylpropyl, 2-methylpropyl, 1,1-dimethylethyl, n- pentyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethylpropyl, hexyl, 1,1- dimethylpropyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3 -dime thylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 3,3- di
- Acyl means an organic radical derived from an organic acid by the removal of the hydroxyl group (e.g., RCO- is the acyl radical of RCOOH, whereby R is an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or aralkyl group which optionally may be substituted with one or more substituents such as amino, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, or benzyl) such as, for example, acetyl, propionyl, benzoyl, or 1-amino- cyclohexanecarbonyl, and includes the term "alkanoyl,” which is the organic radical RCO— in which R is an alkyl or cycloalkyl group as defined herein.
- each of the alkyl or acyl radicals present in the molecule contains from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 7 carbon atoms, more preferably from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and may be linear or branched;
- "Haloalkyl” means an alkyl group in which some or all of the hydrogen atoms may be replaced by from one up to the maximum possible number of halogen atoms as mentioned above, for example chloroalkyl, bromoalkyl, dichloroalkyl, trichloroalkyl, fluoroalkyl, difluoroalkyl, trifluoroalkyl, chlorofluoroalkyl, dichlorofluoroalkyl, chlorodifluoroalkyl, CF3, CF2CF3, CHF 2 , CHF 2 , and the like.
- Alkenyl means an aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing a carbon-carbon double bond and which may be straight or branched. Branched means that one or more alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl or propyl are attached to a linear alkenyl chain. The alkenyl group may be substituted by one or more halogen. Exemplary alkenyl groups include ethenyl, propenyl, »-butenyl, isobutenyl, 3-methylbut-2-enyl, »-pentenyl, heptenyl, octenyl and decenyl.
- Alkynyl means an aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing a carbon-carbon triple bond and which may be straight or branched generally having about 2 to about 15 carbon atoms in the chain. Branched means that one or more alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl or propyl are attached to a linear alkynyl chain. Exemplary alkynyl groups include ethynyl, propynyl, »-butynyl, 2- butynyl, 3-methylbutynyl, »-pentynyl, heptynyl, octynyl and decynyl.
- Each of the alkenyl or alkynyl radicals present in the molecule generally contains from 2 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably from 2 to 7 carbon atoms, more preferably from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and may be linear or branched.
- Alkoxy means any unbranched or branched, substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated alkyl-O- group in which the alkyl group is as previously described and the bond to the parent moiety is through the ether oxygen.
- alkoxy groups include methoxy, ethoxy, »-propoxy, isopropoxy and »-butoxy.
- Haloalkoxy means any unbranched or branched, substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated haloalkyl-O- group in which the haloalkyl group is as previously described and the bond to the parent moiety is through the ether oxygen.
- haloalkoxy groups include Ci-6haloalkoxy, O- 6fluoroalkoxy, OCF 3 , OCHF 2 , OCF2CF3, and the like.
- Halothioalkyl means any unbranched or branched, substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated thioalkyl group substituted with from one up to the maximum possible number of halogen atoms.
- Non-limiting examples of halothioalkyl groups include O-6-haloalkylthio, in particular O- or C2 -haloalkylthio, such as chloromethylthio, dichloromethylthio, trichloromethylthio, fluoromethylthio, difluoromethylthio, trifluoromethylthio, chloro fluoromethylthio, dichloro fluoromethylthio, chlorodifluoromethylthio, 1- fluoroethylthio, 2-fluoroethylthio, 2,2-difluoroethylthio, 2,2,2-trifluoroethylthio, 2-chloro-2- fluoroethylthio, 2-cHoro-2,2-difluoroethylthio, 2,2-dichloro-2-fluoroethylthio, 2,2,2- trichloroethylthio or pentafluoroethylthio, and the
- Amino means a group having the structural formula -NH2; "aminoalkyl” an alkyl or substituted alkyl group as defined above bonded through one or more nitrogen (-NR-) atoms and includes, for example, the groups -NR-G-i2alkyl, -NR-G-6alkylene, -NR-G-6alkyl, etc. (where R is preferably hydrogen but may include alkyl or substituted alkyl as defined above); “dialkylamino” means a radical -NR where R and R independently represent an alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxyalkyl, or haloalkyl group. Representative examples include, but are not limited to dimethylamino, methylethylamino, di(l-methylethyl)amino, (methyl) (hydro xymethyl) amino,
- Alkylthio means a radical -SR where R is an alkyl as defined above (e.g., G-6thio, methylthio, ethylthio, propyl thio, butylthio, and the like).
- Haldroxyl means a group having the structural formula—OH.
- Cyano means a group having the structural formula— CN.
- Phenoxy means a phenyl-O— group wherein the phenyl ring is optionally substituted with one or more ring system substituents such as alkyl, alkoxy, amino, hydroxyl, halogen, nitro, cyano, and combinations thereof (e.g., 4-propyl-2-methyl-, 2-chloro-4-methyl-, 3,4- diethoxy, 3-cyano-4-ethoxy-phenoxy and the like).
- Ester means a group having the structural formula -RCOOR and RCOOR-.
- Benzyl means a phenyl-CE - group.
- Substituted benzyl means a benzyl group in which the phenyl ring is substituted with one or more ring system substituents.
- Representative benzyls include 4-bromobenzyl, 4-methoxybenzyl, 2,4-dimethoxybenzyl, and the like.
- Sulfonyl means a divalent radical
- Halosulfonyl means halo radicals attached to a sulfonyl radical. Examples of such halosulfonyl radicals include chlorosulfonyl and bromosulfonyl.
- Alkoxy alkenyl means an alkenyl group substituted with one or more alkyl ether groups.
- Alkylsulfonamide refers to the groups
- alkyl has the same meaning as above.
- Neitro means a group having the structural formula -N0 2 .
- Alkylsulfonyl mean an alkyl-S0 2 - group, a phenyl- S0 2 - group, and a benzyl- S0 2 - group, respectively, in which the alkyl group is as previously described.
- Preferred alkylsulfonyl groups are those in which the alkyl group is 0-6 alkyl.
- composition according to the present disclosure may provide a synergistic effect.
- This synergistic effect allows a reduction of the chemical substances spread into the environment and a reduction of the cost of the fungal treatment.
- the term "synergistic effect” is defined by the following formula (according to Colby SR. Calculation of the synergistic and antagonistic responses of herbicide combinations. Weeds.
- E represents the expected percentage of inhibition of the disease for the combination of two compounds ( ⁇ and II) at defined doses (for example equal to x andj respectively)
- x is the percentage of inhibition observed for the disease by the compound ( ⁇ ) at a defined dose (equal to x)
- E is the percentage of inhibition observed for the disease by the compound ( ⁇ ) at a defined dose (equal to x)
- equal toj is the percentage of inhibition observed for the disease by the compound ( ⁇ ) at a defined dose
- composition useful for the methods of the present disclosure comprises at least one compound of the general formula (I):
- p is an integer equal to 1, 2, 3 or 4;
- q is an integer equal to 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5;
- each X is independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, and haloalkyl, provided that at least one X is a haloalkyl;
- each Y is independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, amino, phenoxy, alkylthio, dialkylamino, acyl, cyano, ester, hydroxyl, aminoalkyl, benzyl, haloalkoxy, halosulfonyl, halothioalkyl, alkoxyalkenyl,
- alkylsulfonamide nitro, alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, and benzylsulfonyl.
- composition according to the present disclosure comprises a
- pyridinylethylbenzarnide derivative of general formula (I) Preferably, the present disclosure relates to a composition comprising a pyridinylethylbenzamide derivative of general formula (I) wherein the different characteristics may be chosen alone or in combination as:
- p 2;
- q is 1 or 2, and more preferably, q is 2;
- X is, independently of the others, halogen or haloalkyl, and more preferably X is,
- Y is, independently of the others, halogen or haloalkyl, and more preferably Y is,
- the substituents X of the 2-pyridine and the substituents Y of the benzene ring will be indexed in order to facilitate understanding.
- p is equal to 2 and q is equal to 1
- the substituents termed "X” will be denoted by X 1 and X 2
- the substituent termed "Y” will be denoted by Y 1 .
- q is chosen equal to 1 or 2, the substituent(s) Y being positioned in the ortho position of the benzene ring.
- a preferred subfamily of compounds according to the disclosure consists of the compounds corresponding to general formula ( ):
- X and Y being as defined above. More preferably, X 1 is chosen as being halogen and X 2 is chosen being haloalkyl.
- X 1 is chosen as being halogen and X 2 is chosen as being haloalkyl; and/ or
- Y 1 is chosen as being halogen or haloalkyl.
- the haloalkyl group is chosen as being trifluoromethyl.
- the pyridinylethylbenzamide derivative of general formula (I) present in the composition of the present disclosure is:
- the pyridinylethylbenz amide derivative of general formula (I) present in the composition of the present disclosure is N- ⁇ 2-[3-chloro-S-(trifluoromethyl)-2- pyridinyl] ethyl ⁇ -2-trifluoromethylbenzamide, which corresponds to formula (!'):
- Salts of general formula (I) include acid addition, alkali metal, and hydrochloride salts.
- the present invention further comprises a seed at least partially coated with said composition.
- the composition may be applied to at least a portion of a seed, prior to planting the seed.
- the composition may be applied in-furrow and/ or as a root dip (as applicable) during planting of seeds or seedlings, and/ or may be applied over the plant at or near emergence of the plant ⁇ e.g., via an irrigation system), and/ or it may be applied during transplanting of established plants ⁇ e.g., plants having at least two mature leaves).
- the composition may be applied to seed in an amount of from about
- the composition may be applied to seed in an amount of about 250 grams of active ingredient(s) per 100 Kg of seed.
- the composition may be applied in-furrow and/ or as a root dip in an amount of from about 100 to about 2,500, from about 150 to about 2,250, from about 200 to about 2,000, from about 250 to about 1,750, from about 300 to about 1,500, from about 350 to about 1,250, from about 400 to about 1,000, from about 400 to about 750, from about 400 to about 700, from about 400 to about 650, from about 400 to about 600, from about 450 to about 550, and from about 475 to about 525 grams (g) of active ingredient(s) per hectare (ha).
- the composition may be applied in-furrow and/ or as a root dip in an amount of about 500 g of active ingredient(s) per ha (g/ha).
- the presently disclosed method comprises applying a composition of the present disclosure to at least a part of a seed prior to planting of the seed, and/ or application of the composition in-furrow and/ or as a root dip (as applicable) during planting of a seed or seedling or during transplantation of a plant, wherein the composition comprises an effective amount of a fungicide such as, for example, compounds of general formula (I), and preferably fluopyram.
- the composition may be applied to at least a portion of the seed, prior to planting.
- the composition may be applied during planting (i.e., immediately prior to, concurrently with, or immediately following planting of the seed or seedling or transplant of the plant), and may be applied before or after row closure.
- the presently disclosed method improves plant growth by reducing the incidence and/ or symptoms of one or more fungal and/ or nematicidal diseases including, for example, sudden death syndrome.
- fungal and/ or nematicidal disesases include, inter alia, gray mold, powdery mildew, Sclerotinia diseases, Monilia diseases, pod and stem blight (Phomopsis sojae (Diaporthe phaseolorum var. sojae)), white mold (Sclerotinia sclerotium), charcoal rot (Macrophomina phaseolina), anthracnose (Colletotrichum tmncatum), SCN infestation, and Fusarium diseases including sudden death syndrome (SDS).
- gray mold powdery mildew
- Sclerotinia diseases Monilia diseases
- pod and stem blight Phomopsis sojae (Diaporthe phaseolorum var. sojae)
- white mold Sclerotinia sclerotium
- charcoal rot
- Plants and seeds thereof that may be treated using the methods and compositions of the present disclosure include but are not limited to flowering and ornamental plants, shrubs, grasses, and crops.
- Crops (and seeds for said crops) which may be treated using the methods and compositions of the present disclosure include but are not limited to vines and table grapes, pome and stone fruit, vegetables and field crops, including strawberry, tomato, artichoke, rassicaceae, bulb vegetables, canola, cereal grains, citrus, cotton, cucurbits, edible beans, fruiting vegetables, herbs and spices, hops, leafy vegetables, legume vegetables, peanut, berries, root and tuber vegetables, sunflower, tree nuts, maize, and soybean.
- Plants and seeds thereof most often treated by the methods and compositions of the present disclosure include those most vulnerable to or most often associated with the fungal and/ or nematicidal diseases mentioned above, including but not limited to beans (e.g., adzuki, asparagus, broad (fava), bush, Chinese long, cluster, dry, edible-pod, field, garbanzo (chickpea), green, guar, Jack, kidney, lima, moth, mung, navy, red, rice, runner, snap, tepary, urd, yardlong, and wax beans), peas (e.g., blackeyed, cow (including catjang), crowder, dwarf, English, field, garden, green, pigeon, snow, Southern, and sugar snap peas), lentils, lupins (e.g., grain, sweet, sweet white, and white lupin), maize, and soybean in particular.
- beans e.g., adzuki, asparagus, broad (fava), bush, Chinese
- compositions of the present disclosure are particularly suitable for reducing the incidence of sudden death syndrome (SDS) in soybean.
- SDS sudden death syndrome
- composition may be applied to transgenic plants and plant cultivars which have been obtained by genetic engineering methods ("Genetically Modified Organisms"), if appropriate in combination with conventional methods, and parts and seeds thereof may also be treated. More preferably, plants and seeds of the plant cultivars which are in each case commercially available or in use are treated in accordance with the present disclosure.
- the treatment in accordance with the present disclosure may also result in superadditive (“synergistic”) effects.
- transgenic plants or plant cultivars which are preferred and to be treated in accordance with the present disclosure include all plants which, through the genetic modification, received genetic material which imparts particular advantageous useful traits to these plants. Examples of such traits are better plant growth, increased tolerance to high or low temperatures, increased tolerance to drought or to water or soil salt content, increased flowering performance, easier harvesting, accelerated maturation, higher harvest yields, better quality and/ or a higher nutritional value of the harvested products, better storage stability and/ or processability of the harvested products.
- transgenic plants which may be mentioned are the important crop plants, such as cereals (e.g., wheat, rice), maize, soybeans, potatoes, cotton, oilseed rape and also fruit plants (e.g., apples, pears, citrus fruits and grapes), and particular emphasis is given to maize, soybeans, potatoes, cotton and oilseed rape.
- Traits that are particularly emphasized are the increased defense of the plants against insects by toxins formed in the plants, in particular those formed in the plants by the genetic material from Bacillus thuringiensis (for example by the genes CrylA(a), CryIA(b), CrylA(c), CryllA, CrylllA, CryIIIB2, Cry9c Cry2Ab, Cry3Bb and CrylF and also combinations thereof), also referred to as "Bt plants”.
- trasits that are furthermore particularly emphasized are the increased tolerance of the plants to certain herbicidally active ingredients, for example imidazolinones, sulfonylureas, ACCases, glyphosate or phosphinotricin (e.g., the "PAT" gene).
- herbicidally active ingredients for example imidazolinones, sulfonylureas, ACCases, glyphosate or phosphinotricin (e.g., the "PAT" gene).
- PAT phosphinotricin
- Bt plants which may be mentioned are maize varieties, cotton varieties, soybean varieties, and potato varieties which are sold under the trade names YIELD GARD ® (e.g., maize, cotton, soya beans), KNOCKOUT ® (e.g., maize), STARLINK ® (e.g., maize), BOLLGARD ® (cotton), NUCOTN ® (cotton), and NEWLEAF ® (potato).
- YIELD GARD ® e.g., maize, cotton, soya beans
- KNOCKOUT ® e.g., maize
- STARLINK ® e.g., maize
- BOLLGARD ® cotton
- NUCOTN ® cotton
- NEWLEAF ® potato
- herbicide-tolerant plants which may be mentioned are maize varieties, cotton varieties and soya bean varieties which are sold under the trade names ROUNDUP READY ® (tolerance to glyphosate, for example maize, cotton, soybean), LIBERTY LINK ® (tolerance to phosphinotricin, for example oilseed rape), IMI ®
- Herbicide- resistant plants plants bred in a conventional manner for herbicide tolerance
- CLEARFIELD ® e.g., maize
- the composition may further comprise one or more additional ingredients including but not limited to one or more safeners and/ or pesticides, herbicides and/ or additional fungicides, which— depending on the properties desired— may comprise between about 0.001% to about 99.9%, about 0.01% to about 99%, about 0.1% to about 98%, about 1% to about 97%, about 5% to about 80%, about 5% to about 75%, about 5% to about 70%, about 5% to about 65%, about 5% to about 60%, about 5% to about 55%, about 5% to about 50%, about 10% to about 40%, about 10% to about 35%, and about 10% to about 25% by weight of the composition.
- additional ingredients including but not limited to one or more safeners and/ or pesticides, herbicides and/ or additional fungicides, which— depending on the properties desired— may comprise between about 0.001% to about 99.9%, about 0.01% to about 99%, about 0.1% to about 98%, about 1% to about 97%, about 5% to about 80%, about
- Pesticides include but are not limited to insecticides, bacteria, acaracides, nematacides and combinations thereof.
- additional ingredients may include one or more of antibiotic nematicides such as abamectin; carbamate nematicides such as benomyl, carbofuran, carbosulfan, and cleothocard; oxime carbamate nematicides such as alanycarb, aldicarb, aldoxycarb, and oxamyl; organophosphorous nematicides such as diamidafos, fenamiphos, fosthietan, phosphamidon, cadusafos, chlorpyrifos, diclofenthion, dimethoate, ethoprophos, fensulfothion, fostiazate, heterophos, isamidofos, isazofos, methomyl, phorate, phosphocarb, terbufos,
- pumulis strain GB34 pumulis strain GB34; acephate, benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M, bupirimate, clozylacon, dimethirimol, ethirimol, furalaxyl, hymexazol, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M, ofurace, oxadixyl and oxolinic acid, carbendazim, chlorfenazole, diethofencarb, ethaboxam, fuberidazole, pencycuron,
- thiabendazole thiophanate, thiophanate-methyl and zoxamide, diflumetorim as inhibitor which acts on complex I of the respiratory chain
- bixafen, boscalid carboxin, fenfuram, flutolanil, fluopyram, furametpyr, furmecyclox, isopyrazam (9R component), isopyrazam (9S component), mepronil, oxycarboxin, penthiopyrad, thifluzamid as inhibitors which act on complex II of the respiratory chain
- hydrochloride hydrate mepanipyrim and pyrimethanil, fenpiclonil, fludioxonil and quinoxyfen, biphenyl, chlozolinate, edifenphos, etridiazole, iodocarb, iprobenfos, iprodione, isoprothiolane, procymidone, propamocarb, propamocarb hydrochloride, pyrazophos, tolclofos-methyl and vinclozolin, aldimorph, azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, diclobutrazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, diniconazole-M, dodemorph, dodemorph acetate, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fenarimol, fenbuconazole, fenhexamid, f
- the one or more additional ingredients comprising the composition includes, but is not limited to, trifloxystrobin, imidacloprid, spirotetramat, Bacillus firmus (strain 1-1582), and combinations thereof.
- the additional ingredients are from about l x lO 4 to about
- the additional ingredients are from about 1 to about 10,000, from about 1 to about 9,000, from about 1 to about 8,000, from about 1 to about 7,500, from about 1 to about 7,000, from about 1 to about 6,000, from about 1 to about 5,000, from about 1 to about 4,000, from about 1 to about 3,000, from about 1 to about 2,500, from about 1 to about 2,000, from about 1 to about 1,500, from about 1 to about 1,000, from about 1 to about 900, from about 1 to about 800, from about 1 to about 750, from about 1 to about 700, from about 1 to about 600, from about 1 to about 500, from about 1 to about 400, from about 1 to about 300, from about 1 to about 250, from about 2 to about 250, from about 3 to about 250, from about 4 to about 250, from about 5 to about 250, from about 5 to about 200, from about 5 to about 150, from about 5 to about 100, from about 5 to about 90, from about 5 to about 80, from about 5 to about 75, from about 5
- the additional ingredients are from about 50 to about 10,000, from about 50 to about 9,000, from about 50 to about 8,000, from about 50 to about 7,500, from about 50 to about 7,000, from about 50 to about 6,000, from about 50 to about 5,000, from about 50 to about 4,000, from about 50 to about 3,000, from about 50 to about 2,500, from about 50 to about 2,000, from about 50 to about 1,500, from about 50 to about 1,000, from about 60 to about 1,000, from about 70 to about 1,000, from about 75 to about 1,000, from about 80 to about 1,000, from about 90 to about 1,000, from about 100 to about 1,000, from about 125 to about 1,000, from about 150 to about 1,000, from about 175 to about 1,000, from about 200 to about 1,000, from about 225 to about 1,000, and from about 250 to about 1,000 grams/ acre.
- compositions and methods for controlling microbial (e.g., bacterial, viral, or fungal) damage or infestations in plants and seeds are improved compositions and methods for controlling microbial (e.g., bacterial, viral, or fungal) damage or infestations in plants and seeds.
- microbial e.g., bacterial, viral, or fungal
- the unexpected effectiveness of the formulations disclosed represents a significant advance because the total amount of composition required to control microbial damage may be reduced without compromising crop yield.
- the degree of control over microbial damage or infestation is unexpectedly significantly greater than would be expected from the sum of the composition components alone ⁇ e.g., synergy is observed). Consequently, the amount of
- composition required to control said microbial damage or infestation in plants is significantly less than would be expected from the sum of the composition components alone.
- the composition is suitable especially for protection of seed of any plant variety which is used in agriculture, in greenhouses, in forests, or in gardening from the aforementioned diseases, from Fusanum virguliforme, from ⁇ usanum tucumaniae, from soybean cyst nematode, and especially from SDS.
- the seed can be that of cereals (such as wheat, barley, rye, millet and sorghum, and oats), maize, cotton, soybean, rice, potatoes, sunflower, beans, coffee, beet ⁇ e.g., sugar beet and fodder beet), peanut, vegetables (such as tomato, cucumber, onions and lettuce), lawns, and ornamental plants.
- cereals such as wheat, barley, rye and oats
- maize cotton, soybean, rice, potatoes, sunflower, beans, coffee, beet ⁇ e.g., sugar beet and fodder beet
- peanut such as tomato, cucumber, onions and lettuce
- lawns and ornamental plants.
- the at least one compound of general formula (I) may be applied to the seed alone, or in a suitable formulation.
- the seed to be treated is in a sufficiently stable state such that the treatment causes little to no damage.
- treatment of the seed may take place at any point between harvesting and sowing.
- the seed used is separated from the plant and freed from cobs, shells, stalks, coats, hairs or the flesh of any fruit.
- seed which has been harvested, cleaned, and dried to a moisture content of less than 15% by weight.
- seed which, after drying, has been treated, for example, with water and then dried again.
- the amount of the at least one general formula (I) compound and/ or the amount of further additives applied to the seed is selected in an amount that germination of the seed is not affected adversely, and that the resulting plant is not damaged.
- composition can be applied directly to seeds ⁇ i.e., without comprising any further components and without having been diluted).
- suitable formulations and methods for the treatment of seed are known to those of ordinary skill in the art and are described, for example, in the following documents, which are incorporated by reference therefor: U.S. Pat. No. 4,272,417;
- the composition in accordance with the present disclosure can be converted to customary seed dressing product formulations such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, foams, slurries and other coating compositions for seed, and ultra-low volume (“ULV”) formulations.
- customary seed dressing product formulations such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, foams, slurries and other coating compositions for seed, and ultra-low volume (“ULV”) formulations.
- customary additives for example customary extenders, solvents, diluents, dyes, wetters, dispersants, emulsifiers, antifoaming agents,
- Dyes which may be present in the seed dressing product formulations usable in accordance with the present disclosure are all dyes which are customary for such purposes. Both pigments, which are sparingly soluble in water, and dyes, which are soluble in water, may be used. Examples of dyes include those known by the names Rhodamine B, C.I. Pigment Red 112 ("CI 12370"), and C.I. Solvent Red 1 ("Oil Pink”).
- Wetters which may be present in the seed dressing product formulations usable in accordance with the present disclosure are all substances which are conventionally used for the formulation of active agrochemical ingredients and for promoting wetting.
- Alkylnaphthalenesulfonates such as diisopropyl- or diisobutylnaphthalenesulfonates, can be used with preference.
- Useful dispersants and/ or emulsifiers which may be present in the seed dressing product formulations usable in accordance with the present disclosure are all nonionic, anionic and cationic dispersants which are conventionally used for the formulation of active agrochemical ingredients.
- Nonionic or anionic dispersants or mixtures of nonionic or anionic dispersants can be used with preference.
- Suitable nonionic dispersants include, in particular, ethylene oxide/ propylene oxide block polymers, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers and tristryrylphenol polyglycol ethers, and their phosphated or sulfated derivatives.
- Suitable anionic dispersants are, in particular, lignosulfonates, polyacrylic acid salts and arylsulfonate/ formaldehyde condensates.
- Antifoaming agents which may be present in the seed dressing product formulations usable in accordance with the present disclosure are all foam- suppressing substances conventionally used for the formulation of active agrochemical ingredients. Silicone antifoams and magnesium stearate can be used with preference.
- Gibberellins which may be present in the seed dressing product formulations usable in accordance with the present disclosure are preferably the gibberellins Al, A3 ("gibberellic acid", “GA”, or “GA 3 "), A4 and A7, particular preference being given to using gibberellic acid.
- the gibberellins are known (see, e.g., Chemie der convinced für Koch- und Schadlingsbekampfungsstoff [Chemistry of Plant Protectants and Pesticides], Vol. 2, pp. 401-412 (R. Wegler ed., Springer Verlag 1970).
- the formulation may also contain the customary additives recited above.
- the additive content may comprise between about 0.1% and about 40%, about 5% and about 40%, about 10% and about 40%, about 20% and about 40%, about 30% and about 40%, about 0.1% and about 30%, about 0.1% and about 20%, about 0.1% and about 10%, and about 0.1% and about 5% by weight of the composition.
- the seed dressing product formulations usable in accordance with the present disclosure can be employed either directly, or after prior dilution with water for the treatment of a wide range of seeds.
- the concentrates or the formulations obtainable by dilution with water can be used to dress the seed of cereals, such as wheat, barley, rye, oats and triticale, and the seed of maize, rice, rape, peas, beans, cotton, soybean, sunflowers, beet, and a wide variety of different vegetable seeds.
- the seed dressing product formulations usable in accordance with the present disclosure or the dilute preparations thereof can also be used to dress seed of transgenic plants.
- additional synergistic effects may also occur as a consequence of the interaction with the substances formed by expression of proteins by the transgenic plants.
- Useful apparatus which can be used to treat seed with the seed dressing product formulations usable in accordance with the present disclosure, or with the preparations prepared therefrom by addition of water, is all mixing apparatus which can typically be used to dress seed. Specifically, the seed dressing procedure is to place the seed into a mixer, add the amount of seed dressing product formulation desired in each case, either as such or after prior dilution with water, and to then mix the contents of the mixer until the formulation has been distributed homogeneously on the seed. If appropriate, this is followed by a drying process.
- the application rate of the seed dressing product formulations usable in accordance with the present disclosure can be varied within a relatively wide range. It is guided by the particular content of the active ingredients in the formulations and by the seed.
- the application rates of the active ingredient combinations are generally between about 0.001 to about 100, about 0.01 to about 75, about 0.1 to about 50, about 0.1 to about 25, about 0.1 to about 10, about 0.1 to about 5, about 0.1 to about 2.5, about 0.1 to about 1, about 0.1 to about 0.5, about 0.1 to about 0.4, about 0.1 to about 0.3, about 0.1 to about 0.25, and about 0.1 to about 0.2 grams of at least one general formula (I) compound per kilogram of seed.
- compositions including, but not limited to, Fusanum virguliforme, Fusarium tucumaniae, and/ or soybean cyst nematode
- drenching the composition onto the soil incorporating it into the soil, and in irrigation systems as droplet application onto the soil.
- the present disclosure relates to these application forms to natural (soil) or artificial substrates ⁇ e.g., rock wool, glass wool, quartz sand, pebbles, expanded clay, vermiculite), outdoors or in closed systems ⁇ e.g., greenhouses or under film cover) and in annual ⁇ e.g., vegetables, potatoes, cotton, beet, maize, soybean, or ornamental plants) or perennial crops ⁇ e.g., citrus plants, fruit, tropical crops, spices, nuts, vines, conifers and ornamental plants). It is also possible to deploy the active ingredients by the ultra-low volume (ULV) method or to inject the active ingredient formulation or the active ingredient itself into the soil.
- Root application is understood to mean the control of fungi and/ or nematodes by applying the composition directly to plant roots ⁇ e.g., via immersion, dusting, or spraying).
- the composition can be converted to the customary formulations such as solutions, emulsions, wettable powders, suspensions, powders, dusts, pastes, soluble powders, granules, suspension-emulsion concentrates, natural and synthetic materials impregnated with active ingredient, and microencapsulations in polymeric materials for in- furrow application.
- customary additives such as extenders, that is, liquid solvents and/ or solid carriers, optionally with the use of surfactants, that is, emulsifiers and/ or dispersants, and/ or foam formers.
- the extender used is water, it is also possible, for example, to use organic solvents as cosolvents.
- organic solvents suitable as liquid solvents: aromatics such as xylene, toluene or alkylnaphthalenes, chlorinated aromatics or chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as
- chlorobenzenes chloroethylenes or methylene chloride
- aliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane or paraffins, for example mineral oil fractions, mineral and vegetable oils, alcohols such as butanol or glycol and their ethers and esters, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone or cyclohexanone, strongly polar solvents such as dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide, and water.
- Tackifiers such as carboxymethylcellulose and natural and synthetic polymers in the form of powders, granules or lattices, such as gum arable, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetate, or else natural phospholipids such as cephalins and lecithins and synthetic phospholipids can be used in the formulations.
- Other possible additives are mineral and vegetable oils. It is possible to use dyes such as inorganic pigments, for example iron oxide, titanium oxide and Prussian Blue, and organic colorants such as alizarin dyes, azo dyes and metal phthalocyanine dyes, and trace nutrients such as salts of iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum and zinc.
- the formulations generally contain between about 0.001 and about 99.9% by weight of active ingredient, and preferably between about 0.5 and about 90%.
- the additive content may comprise between about 0.1% and about 40%, about 5% and about 40%, about 10% and about 40%, about 20% and about 40%, about 30% and about 40%, about 0.1% and about 30%, about 0.1% and about 20%, about 0.1% and about 10%, and about 0.1% and about 5% by weight of the composition.
- the compositions may be present in commercially standard formulations and in the use forms, prepared from these compositions, as a mixture with other active ingredients, such as insecticides, attractants, sterilants, bactericides, acaricides, nematicides, fungicides, growth-regulating substances or herbicides, including those described above.
- the insecticides may include phosphates, carbamates, carboxylates, chlorinated hydrocarbons, phenylureas and substances produced by microorganisms, inter alia. Mixing with other known active ingredients such as herbicides or with fertilizers and growth regulators is also possible.
- the formulation may also contain the customary additives recited above.
- the active ingredient content of the use forms prepared from the composition may vary within wide limits, and may be from about 1 x lO "7 to about 99.9% by weight of active ingredient, and preferably from about 1 x lO 4 to about 50% by weight.
- the amount of the at least one compound of general formula (I) in the use forms prepared from the composition may also vary within wide limits, and may be from about 1 x 10 ⁇ 7 to about 99.9% by weight of the at least one general formula ( ⁇ ) compound, and preferably from about l x lO 5 to about 50% by weight.
- a method for reducing the occurrence of SDS comprising applying an effective amount of a composition as disclosed above to a seed, to soil in which a plant is growing or in which it is desired to grow it, to the roots of a plant, or combinations thereof.
- the applying may be performed as described above.
- the composition comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of N- ⁇ 2-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2- pyridinyl] ethyl ⁇ -2-trifluoromethylbenzamide (commonly known as "fluopyram”); N- ⁇ 2-[3-chloro-5- (trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl] ethyl ⁇ -2-iodobenzamide; N- ⁇ 2-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyri- dinyl]ethyl ⁇ -2-bromobenzamide, and combinations thereof.
- the at least one compound is fluopyram.
- the composition is applied to at least a portion of the seed. In one embodiment, the seed is substantially coated with the composition. In one
- the composition is applied in-furrow during planting of a seed or seedling or during transplanting of established plants.
- reducing the occurrence comprises reducing mean disease severity compared to seed or plants not treated with the instant composition and methods.
- reducing the occurrence comprises reducing mean disease incidence compared to seed, plants, or plant roots not treated with a compound of general formula (I).
- reducing the occurrence comprises reducing mean defoliation compared to seed, plants, or plant roots not treated with a compound of general formula ( ⁇ ).
- reducing the occurrence comprises increasing yield (e.g., bushels/ acre) of the plant as compared to seed or plants not treated with the instant composition and methods.
- the seed, seedling, plant, or root is a soybean seed, seedling, plant, or root.
- the seed, seedling, plant, or root is a maize seed, seedling, plant, or root.
- Soybean seeds (Glycine max (L.) Merr., an indeterminate line) were treated with
- Trilex ® 2000 (7.12% (w/v) trifloxystrobin, 5.69 % (w/v) metalaxyl), Gaucho ® 600 FS (48.7% (w/v) imidacloprid), Votivo ® 240 FS (21.5% (w/v) bacillus firmus strain 1-1582), and fluopyram (41.5% (w/ v)) in the amounts and combinations shown in TABLE 1.
- Symptoms of disease severity were determined as percent severity, on a scale of 0% to 100%, by examining the leaf area on the tops of plants and determining the area affected by SDS, expressed as a percentage of the total area. As shown by FIG. 2, soybean plants from seeds treated with fluopyram (columns 4-6 and 8-10) showed less disease severity than those from seeds that did not receive fluopyram (columns 1-3 and 7).
- trifloxystrobin obtained in Trilex ® 2000
- fluopyram are both fungicides
- seeds treated with both trifloxystrobin and the insecticide imidacloprid demonstrated greater disease severity than seeds treated with fluopyram alone or fluopyram in combination with other actives.
- the error bars of FIG. 2 represent standard error, and the values above each bar are the value of that bar along the j-axis.
- Vigor ratings based on visual assessments of plant health, were collected according to the system shown in TABLE 2, with 1 being a healthy and vigorous plant and 6 being extremely low vigor.
- Plant density was calculated as the change in density versus controls. As shown in
- FIG. 4 treatment with fiuopyram alone (columns 4-6) was associated with decreased count density versus control (column 1), as were treatments with 0.17 mg fiuopyram/ seed and 0.67 mg fiuopyram/ seed in combination with trifloxystrobin, metalaxyl, imidacloprid, and bacillus firmus strain 1-1582 (columns 8 & 10).
- the values above or below each bar are the value of that bar along thej- axis.
- Defoliation was defined as the percentage of plants showing evidence of defoliation in a given plot ⁇ i.e., on a scale of 0% to 100%). As shown by FIG. 5, soybean plants from seeds treated with fiuopyram (columns 4-6 and 8-10) showed less defoliation than those from seeds that did not receive fiuopyram. Similar to the trend observed in FIG. 1, seeds treated with
- trifloxystrobin, metalaxyl, and imidacloprid, and/or with B. firmus strain 1-1582 (columns 2, 3, and 7) showed greater defoliation than seeds treated with fiuopyram alone or fiuopyram in combination with other actives.
- the values above each bar are the value of that bar along the j-axis.
- soybeans were harvested from each plot, weighed, and their moisture content determined. The data from each treatment were normalized to the standard weight of 60 pounds of soybeans at 13% moisture. As shown by FIG. 6, soybean plants from seeds treated with fiuopyram showed greater percent yield than those from seeds that were not treated with fiuopyram. The values above or below each bar are the value of that bar along the - axis.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (9)
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CA2818562A CA2818562C (en) | 2010-11-22 | 2011-11-23 | Fungicidal compositions and methods |
BR112013012571-3A BR112013012571B1 (en) | 2010-11-22 | 2011-11-23 | FUNGICID COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS |
US13/885,269 US10390476B2 (en) | 2010-11-22 | 2011-11-23 | Fungicidal compositions and methods |
PL11843865T PL2642854T3 (en) | 2010-11-22 | 2011-11-23 | Method for reducing the sudden death syndrome of soybean using fluopyram |
EP11843865.4A EP2642854B1 (en) | 2010-11-22 | 2011-11-23 | Method for reducing the sudden death syndrome of soybean using fluopyram |
RS20171058A RS56471B1 (en) | 2010-11-22 | 2011-11-23 | Method for reducing the sudden death syndrome of soybean using fluopyram |
CN201180065661.7A CN103391717B (en) | 2010-11-22 | 2011-11-23 | Fungicidal composition and method |
HRP20171598TT HRP20171598T1 (en) | 2010-11-22 | 2017-10-18 | Fungicidal compositions and methods |
US15/972,621 US11140903B2 (en) | 2010-11-22 | 2018-05-07 | Fungicidal compositions and methods |
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WO2014023627A1 (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2014-02-13 | Syngenta Participations Ag | Method of combatting sudden death syndrome in plants |
US20140148336A1 (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2014-05-29 | Magalie Guilhabert-Goya | Methods of controlling fungal pathogens using polyene fungicides |
WO2017013083A1 (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2017-01-26 | Bayer Cropscience Aktiengesellschaft | Use of the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fluopyram for controlling blackleg in brassicaceae species |
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HUE025901T2 (en) * | 2008-04-07 | 2016-05-30 | Bayer Ip Gmbh | Combinations of a biological control agent and insecticides |
CA2811694A1 (en) * | 2010-09-22 | 2012-03-29 | Bayer Intellectual Property Gmbh | Use of biological or chemical control agents for controlling insects and nematodes in resistant crops |
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Also Published As
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EP2642854A2 (en) | 2013-10-02 |
CA2818562A1 (en) | 2012-05-31 |
US20130324400A1 (en) | 2013-12-05 |
RS56471B1 (en) | 2018-01-31 |
PL2642854T3 (en) | 2018-01-31 |
CN103391717A (en) | 2013-11-13 |
WO2012071520A3 (en) | 2012-09-07 |
CN103391717B (en) | 2017-12-01 |
AR083922A1 (en) | 2013-04-10 |
BR112013012571B1 (en) | 2019-03-19 |
EP2642854B1 (en) | 2017-07-19 |
US11140903B2 (en) | 2021-10-12 |
BR112013012571A2 (en) | 2016-07-12 |
CA2818562C (en) | 2017-07-11 |
EP2642854A4 (en) | 2014-04-30 |
US10390476B2 (en) | 2019-08-27 |
HUE034008T2 (en) | 2018-01-29 |
US20180249623A1 (en) | 2018-09-06 |
HRP20171598T1 (en) | 2017-12-01 |
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